decemb._n 6._o 1676._o i_o do_v allow_v the_o print_n of_o this_o book_n fra._n north._n advice_n to_o grand_a juror_n in_o case_n of_o blood_n assert_v from_o law_n and_o reason_n that_o at_o the_o king_n suit_n in_o all_o case_n where_o a_o person_n by_o law_n be_v to_o be_v indict_v for_o kill_v of_o another_o person_n that_o the_o indictment_n ought_v to_o be_v draw_v for_o murder_n and_o that_o the_o grand_a jury_n ought_v to_o find_v it_o murder_n where_o their_o evidence_n be_v that_o the_o party_n intend_v to_o be_v indict_v have_v his_o hand_n in_o blood_n and_o do_v kill_v the_o other_o person_n by_o zachary_n babington_n gent._n gen._n ix_o 6._o quicunque_fw-la effuderit_fw-la humanum_fw-la sanguinem_fw-la fundetur_fw-la sanguis_fw-la illius_fw-la ad_fw-la imaginem_fw-la quip_n dei_fw-la creatus_fw-la est_fw-la homo_fw-la num_fw-la xxxv_o 33._o nec_fw-la aliter_fw-la expiari_fw-la potest_fw-la nisi_fw-la per_fw-la ejus_fw-la sanguinem_fw-la qui_fw-la alterius_fw-la 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profitable_a consequence_n thereof_o there_o be_v nothing_o in_o this_o ensue_a tract_n assert_v but_o what_o be_v agreeable_a as_o i_o conceive_v to_o the_o statute_n and_o common_a law_n of_o this_o kingdom_n the_o best_a allow_a practice_n and_o the_o opinion_n of_o all_o the_o learned_a judge_n at_o who_o foot_n i_o have_v have_v the_o happiness_n to_o sit_v many_o year_n both_o before_o the_o late_a civil_a war_n and_o since_o the_o happy_a restauration_n of_o our_o most_o gracious_a sovereign_n and_o agreeable_a to_o sound_v reason_n the_o full_a and_o best_a disquisition_n after_o innocent_a blood_n and_o who_o can_v but_o allow_v the_o necessity_n of_o it_o as_o to_o the_o english_a nation_n at_o present_a bellum_fw-la when_o duel_n be_v so_o frequent_a in_o england_n authority_n it_o be_v make_v matter_n of_o triumph_n for_o one_o hector_n as_o they_o call_v he_o to_o kill_v another_o if_o it_o be_v but_o for_o not_o pledge_v a_o health_n or_o something_o that_o look_v like_o a_o affront_n to_o his_o miss_n in_o place_v she_o at_o a_o ball_n corrupt_v in_o a_o playhouse_n the_o tavern_n or_o the_o like_a and_o this_o must_v not_o only_o engage_v the_o two_o differ_a party_n although_o person_n of_o quality_n to_o sacrifice_v their_o own_o life_n victo_fw-la and_o sometime_o two_o second_o or_o more_o person_n of_o as_o equal_a quality_n to_o lose_v their_o life_n in_o the_o conflict_n or_o by_o the_o law_n if_o death_n ensue_v to_o any_o of_o they_o in_o which_o contest_v they_o be_v no_o more_o concern_v than_o to_o second_v their_o friend_n and_o with_o their_o own_o life_n to_o justify_v the_o quarrel_n between_o the_o two_o differ_a party_n as_o if_o both_o of_o they_o have_v a_o good_a cause_n and_o be_v in_o the_o right_n when_o as_o sometime_o the_o occasion_n be_v so_o trivial_a not_o fit_a for_o two_o boy_n to_o dispute_v as_o to_o what_o may_v be_v object_v to_o the_o length_n
kind_n of_o voluntary_a kill_n for_o who_o there_o be_v no_o mercy_n by_o god_n law_n as_o it_o be_v in_o the_o margin_n of_o the_o great_a bible_n wilful_a murder_n can_v be_v pardon_v without_o god_n high_a displeasure_n nay_o as_o it_o be_v more_o full_o in_o the_o text_n itself_o 13._o thy_o eye_n though_o the_o most_o compassionate_a sense_n shall_v not_o spare_v he_o but_o thou_o whoever_o thou_o be_v shall_v put_v away_o innocent_a blood_n from_o israel_n that_o it_o may_v go_v well_o with_o thou_o now_o the_o put_v away_o of_o innocent_a blood_n be_v by_o revenge_v it_o on_o he_o that_o spill_v it_o as_o it_o be_v in_o the_o 10._o v_o of_o the_o same_o chapter_n that_o innocent_a blood_n be_v not_o shed_v in_o the_o land_n which_o the_o lord_n thy_o god_n give_v thou_o to_o inherit_v and_o so_o blood_n come_v upon_o thou_o that_o be_v that_o the_o blood_n of_o the_o party_n slay_v be_v not_o impute_v to_o thou_o this_o imputation_n of_o blood_n which_o be_v of_o more_o weight_n than_o the_o imputation_n of_o all_o adam_n sin_n because_o the_o command_n be_v more_o immediate_a and_o legible_a to_o we_o it_o concern_v all_o the_o israelite_n in_o general_a but_o more_o especial_o do_v it_o concern_v those_o choose_v by_o law_n to_o make_v inquisition_n after_o it_o innocent_a blood_n unlawful_o and_o wilful_o shed_v as_o principal_o grand_a juror_n be_v for_o who_o sake_n and_o that_o the_o follow_a discourse_n may_v fix_v the_o better_a upon_o their_o judgement_n and_o thereby_o make_v a_o right_a impression_n upon_o their_o conscience_n to_o be_v more_o circumspect_a and_o careful_a in_o their_o presentment_n in_o case_n of_o blood_n i_o have_v premise_v as_o i_o conceive_v what_o be_v the_o will_n and_o law_n of_o god_n as_o he_o himself_o have_v declare_v it_o and_o leave_v it_o upon_o record_n to_o we_o in_o his_o judicial_n to_o his_o people_n israel_n who_o receive_v law_n and_o judgement_n from_o god_n himself_o for_o their_o whole_a model_n and_o 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their_o law_n some_o of_o the_o saxon_a king_n have_v excellent_a law_n as_o ina_n as_o say_v venerable_a bede_n 375._o who_o flourish_v in_o that_o king_n time_n the_o mulct_n or_o breach_n of_o peace_n be_v forty_o shilling_n in_o the_o mercian_n law_n in_o the_o west-saxon_a law_n fifty_o shilling_n the_o punishment_n of_o a_o freeman_n be_v pecuniary_a and_o loss_n of_o liberty_n of_o a_o slave_n by_o whip_v treason_n against_o the_o lord_n be_v capital_a and_o can_v not_o be_v appease_v with_o money_n among_o the_o law_n of_o canutus_n the_o king_n it_o be_v say_v 56._o si_fw-mi quis_fw-la in_o regius_fw-la dimicaret_fw-la capital_a esto_fw-la nisi_fw-la quidem_fw-la rex_fw-la hoc_fw-la illi_fw-la crimen_fw-la condonarit_fw-la if_o any_o shall_v quarrel_v or_o fight_v in_o the_o king_n palace_n it_o be_v capital_a except_o the_o king_n remit_v the_o fault_n they_o be_v unwilling_a to_o put_v any_o man_n to_o death_n because_o of_o lessen_v their_o strength_n be_v so_o much_o divide_v that_o for_o the_o most_o part_n there_o be_v a_o aestimatio_fw-la capitis_fw-la a_o certain_a sum_n of_o money_n or_o corporal_a punishment_n set_v upon_o every_o murderer_n and_o felon_n respect_v the_o quality_n of_o the_o person_n kill_v or_o he_o that_o kill_v he_o yet_o among_o they_o there_o be_v strict_a inquiry_n after_o blood_n by_o punish_v the_o offender_n according_a to_o their_o law_n and_o to_o look_v for_o it_o among_o the_o dane_n and_o their_o law_n will_v be_v to_o as_o little_a purpose_n for_o as_o it_o be_v well_o observe_v by_o mr._n lambert_n murdri_fw-la temporibus_fw-la vero_fw-la regum_fw-la danorum_fw-la sepultum_fw-la fuit_fw-la jus_fw-la in_o regno_fw-la leges_fw-la &_o consuetudines_fw-la simul_fw-la sopitae_fw-la temporibus_fw-la eorum_fw-la prava_fw-la voluntas_fw-la vis_fw-la &_o violentia_fw-la magis_fw-la regnabant_fw-la quam_fw-la judicium_fw-la in_o terra_fw-la in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o danish_a king_n right_o be_v bury_v law_n and_o custom_n be_v lay_v asleep_o together_o the_o deprave_a will_n strength_n and_o violence_n do_v reign_v and_o rule_v more_o than_o judgement_n in_o the_o land_n yet_o to_o make_v some_o amends_o we_o have_v it_o by_o good_a tradition_n that_o good_a st._n edward_n the_o confessor_n the_o last_o king_n of_o the_o dane_n that_o be_v king_n of_o england_n yet_o of_o saxon_a blood_n collect_v out_o of_o the_o danish_a saxon_a and_o mercian_n law_n a_o universal_a and_o general_a law_n whence_o our_o common_a law_n be_v think_v to_o have_v have_v its_o original_n which_o may_v be_v true_a of_o the_o write_a law_n hoved._n not_o of_o the_o customary_a and_o unwritten_a law_n these_o be_v certain_o more_o ancient_a some_o say_v that_o edward_n the_o three_o before_o the_o conquest_n 11._o set_v forth_o the_o common_a law_n call_v the_o law_n of_o edward_n to_o this_o day_n which_o st._n edward_n espouse_v as_o his_o act_n and_o fall_v last_o upon_o the_o work_n he_o carry_v the_o name_n one_o say_v king_n canute_n compose_v our_o common_a law_n which_o st._n edward_n the_o confessor_n observe_v this_o king_n edward_n the_o confessor_n be_v in_o his_o life_n of_o that_o holiness_n that_o he_o receive_v power_n from_o above_o to_o cure_v many_o disease_n among_o other_o the_o swell_a of_o the_o throat_n call_v by_o we_o the_o king_n evil_n a_o prerogative_n that_o continue_v hereditary_a to_o his_o successor_n king_n of_o england_n to_o this_o day_n the_o powerful_a effect_n whereof_o have_v be_v most_o eminent_o manifest_v by_o the_o touch_n of_o our_o most_o gracious_a king_n that_o now_o be_v since_o his_o happy_a return_n into_o england_n upon_o very_a many_o thousand_o second_o some_o to_o my_o knowledge_n that_o former_o deride_v that_o occult_a personal_a kingly_a virtue_n inherent_a to_o the_o imperial_a sceptre_n of_o england_n be_v of_o st._n thomas_n his_o faith_n that_o will_v not_o believe_v except_o they_o feel_v now_o remain_v full_o satisfy_v of_o the_o truth_n thereof_o from_o their_o own_o experience_n of_o the_o cure_n upon_o themselves_o the_o aforesaid_a st._n edward_n for_o his_o holiness_n charity_n and_o good_a action_n be_v canonize_v for_o a_o saint_n have_v reign_v over_o england_n twenty_o four_o year_n the_o king_n of_o england_n at_o this_o day_n in_o their_o coronation_n oath_n take_v at_o the_o high_a altar_n swear_v especial_o to_o observe_v and_o keep_v the_o law_n of_o this_o st._n edward_n these_o law_n so_o collect_v by_o this_o holy_a king_n edward_n be_v by_o william_n the_o conqueror_n to_o who_o he_o have_v bequeath_v this_o kingdom_n of_o england_n by_o will_n though_o afterward_o he_o be_v force_v to_o get_v it_o by_o the_o sword_n confirm_v in_o these_o word_n 1087._o hoc_fw-la quoque_fw-la praecipio_fw-la ut_fw-la omnes_fw-la habeant_fw-la &_o teneant_fw-la legem_fw-la regis_fw-la edwardi_fw-la in_o omnibus_fw-la rebus_fw-la as_o mr._n lambert_n have_v it_o inter_fw-la leges_fw-la gulielmi_n
establish_v by_o the_o say_a act_n of_o the_o 3_o h._n 8._o that_o all_o panel_n of_o grand_a juror_n put_v in_o by_o any_o sheriff_n before_o any_o justice_n of_o goal-delivery_n and_o justice_n of_o peace_n one_o be_v of_o the_o quorum_fw-la in_o the_o open_a session_n to_o inquire_v for_o the_o king_n shall_v be_v reform_v by_o put_v to_o and_o take_v off_o the_o name_n of_o the_o person_n which_o so_o be_v empanel_v by_o every_o sheriff_n at_o the_o discretion_n of_o the_o say_a justice_n before_o who_o such_o panel_n shall_v be_v return_v and_o the_o sheriff_n upon_o pain_n of_o twenty_o pound_n shall_v allow_v of_o such_o panel_n so_o reform_v and_o return_v by_o the_o justice_n the_o one_o half_a to_o the_o king_n the_o other_o to_o he_o that_o will_v sue_v for_o the_o same_o and_o the_o king_n pardon_n shall_v not_o be_v a_o bar_n to_o his_o part_n that_o so_o sue_v so_o careful_a be_v the_o lawmaker_n to_o have_v faithful_a juror_n that_o shall_v neither_o accuse_v the_o innocent_a nor_o excuse_v the_o nocent_a and_o that_o especial_o in_o case_n of_o blood_n shall_v make_v no_o concealment_n and_o lest_o all_o this_o care_n and_o reformation_n of_o grand_a juror_n shall_v do_v no_o good_a but_o that_o they_o shall_v still_o espouse_v their_o own_o opinion_n and_o make_v head_n against_o the_o court_n and_o wilful_o conceal_v offence_n they_o be_v charge_v to_o inquire_v of_o 7._o there_o be_v a_o statute_n yet_o in_o force_n 3_o h._n 7._o in_o which_o it_o be_v ordain_v that_o the_o justice_n of_o peace_n may_v in_o their_o discretion_n cause_v a_o inquest_n to_o be_v empanel_v to_o inquire_v of_o the_o concealment_n of_o other_o inquest_n take_v before_o they_o of_o such_o matter_n and_o offence_n as_o be_v to_o be_v inquire_v and_o present_v before_o justice_n of_o peace_n whereof_o complaint_n shall_v be_v make_v and_o if_o any_o concealment_n shall_v be_v find_v by_o any_o inquest_n within_o one_o year_n after_o the_o say_a concealment_n every_o person_n of_o the_o say_a inquest_n that_o make_v such_o concealment_n shall_v be_v amerce_v or_o fine_v at_o the_o discretion_n of_o such_o justice_n of_o peace_n the_o say_a amerciament_n so_o assess_v in_o plain_a session_n and_o these_o amerciament_n or_o fine_n may_v be_v very_o high_a according_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o concealment_n and_o quality_n of_o the_o person_n this_o statute_n only_o concern_v and_o remedy_n concealment_n by_o grand_a juror_n before_o justice_n of_o the_o peace_n at_o the_o session_n of_o the_o peace_n as_o conceive_v grand_a juror_n will_v be_v bold_a there_o and_o take_v more_o liberty_n in_o their_o presentment_n than_o they_o dare_v before_o justice_n of_o assize_n oyer_n and_o terminer_n or_o goal-delivery_n as_o also_o that_o such_o justice_n and_o judge_n know_v better_a how_o to_o deal_v with_o they_o if_o they_o make_v any_o such_o concealment_n or_o misprision_n before_o they_o for_o the_o grand_a juror_n be_v immediate_a and_o subordinate_a minister_n and_o officer_n in_o and_o to_o the_o court_n and_o answerable_a for_o their_o duty_n there_o as_o coroner_n constable_n and_o other_o minister_n of_o the_o court_n they_o may_v and_o must_v stand_v to_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o court_n and_o in_o case_n of_o any_o wilful_a contempt_n misdemeanour_n and_o concealment_n may_v without_o indictment_n for_o how_o can_v they_o be_v indict_v at_o the_o same_o time_n by_o themselves_o be_v fine_v by_o the_o court_n as_o any_o other_o officer_n and_o minister_n of_o the_o court._n and_o let_v grand_a juror_n take_v heed_n lest_o by_o their_o remissness_n and_o peevishness_n they_o give_v not_o occasion_n to_o the_o make_n of_o the_o like_a statute_n as_o be_v make_v in_o the_o 11._o 3._o of_o h._n 7._o c._n 3._o upon_o the_o surmise_n in_o the_o statute_n that_o whereas_o many_o great_a offence_n as_o riot_n unlawful_a assembly_n extortion_n maintenance_n imbracery_n and_o other_o offence_n can_v not_o be_v due_o punish_v by_o the_o due_a order_n of_o the_o law_n except_o it_o be_v first_o find_v and_o present_v by_o the_o verdict_n of_o twelve_o man_n thereto_o due_o swear_v which_o will_v not_o find_v nor_o yet_o present_a the_o truth_n observe_v here_o what_o occasion_n grand_a juror_n have_v then_o give_v through_o their_o neglect_n it_o be_v therefore_o provide_v and_o enact_v by_o this_o statute_n that_o justice_n of_o assize_n and_o justice_n of_o peace_n upon_o information_n for_o the_o king_n that_o be_v mere_o upon_o the_o testimony_n of_o witness_n without_o indictment_n or_o use_v of_o grand_a juror_n shall_v proceed_v to_o make_v out_o process_n punish_v and_o condemn_v offender_n by_o their_o discretion_n as_o if_o it_o be_v upon_o indictment_n find_v by_o grand_a juror_n which_o statute_n be_v a_o great_a infringement_n of_o the_o common_a law_n and_o the_o liberty_n of_o the_o subject_a of_o england_n who_o ought_v not_o by_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la and_o the_o law_n of_o this_o land_n to_o be_v proceed_v against_o or_o condemn_v in_o their_o person_n or_o estate_n in_o criminal_n but_o by_o indictment_n first_o have_v and_o find_v against_o they_o by_o grand_a juror_n it_o be_v true_a that_o treason_n murder_n and_o felony_n and_o such_o offence_n for_o which_o life_n and_o member_n shall_v be_v lose_v be_v except_v out_o of_o this_o act_n although_o they_o stand_v upon_o the_o same_o reason_n as_o the_o other_o offence_n name_v in_o the_o act_n for_o by_o this_o act_n and_o new_a law_n the_o subject_n may_v lose_v his_o liberty_n suffer_v ransom_n stigmatise_v pillory_n imprisonment_n loss_n of_o land_n and_o estate_n thing_n very_o near_o to_o life_n and_o member_n and_o the_o lord_n coke_n tell_v we_o that_o empson_n and_o dudley_n two_o judge_n by_o reason_n of_o this_o act_n commit_v upon_o the_o subject_n insufferable_a oppression_n and_o therefore_o this_o statute_n be_v just_o repeal_v after_o the_o decease_n of_o h._n 7._o by_o the_o statute_n of_o the_o 1._o of_o h._n 8._o c._n 6._o a_o good_a caveat_n to_o parliament_n say_v the_o lord_n coke_n to_o leave_v all_o cause_n to_o be_v measure_v by_o the_o golden_a and_o straight_a mete-wand_n of_o the_o law_n and_o not_o to_o the_o uncertain_a and_o crooked_a cord_n of_o discretion_n and_o as_o good_a a_o caveat_n it_o be_v to_o grand_a juror_n in_o case_n of_o blood_n not_o so_o much_o to_o be_v lead_v by_o the_o crooked_a cord_n of_o discretion_n as_o the_o straight_a rule_n of_o the_o law_n and_o direction_n of_o the_o learned_a judge_n who_o shall_v best_o know_v the_o law_n and_o the_o true_a measure_n thereof_o for_o if_o the_o rule_n be_v true_a as_o indeed_o it_o be_v quod_fw-la nihil_fw-la relictum_fw-la est_fw-la arbitrio_fw-la judicis_fw-la that_o nothing_o be_v leave_v to_o the_o will_n of_o the_o judge_n much_o less_o arbitrio_fw-la juratorum_fw-la to_o the_o will_n of_o grand_a juror_n they_o have_v be_v through_o too_o much_o connivance_n by_o a_o evil_a practice_n corrupt_v herein_o but_o errores_fw-la ad_fw-la sua_fw-la principia_fw-la refer_v est_fw-la refellere_fw-la to_o bring_v error_n to_o their_o beginning_n be_v to_o see_v their_o last_o now_o haply_o grand_a juror_n may_v conceive_v and_o argue_v thus_o that_o to_o extenuate_v a_o offence_n be_v not_o to_o conceal_v it_o if_o they_o find_v it_o not_o murder_n yet_o they_o find_v it_o in_o some_o degree_n of_o manslaughter_n etc._n etc._n beside_o if_o the_o king_n council_n will_v put_v into_o the_o indictment_n the_o word_n exit_fw-la malitia_fw-la praecogitata_fw-la etc._n etc._n which_o only_o make_v it_o murder_n and_o which_o be_v matter_n of_o fact_n they_o must_v make_v it_o out_o to_o we_o that_o there_o be_v malice_n either_o from_o our_o own_o knowledge_n of_o it_o or_o that_o it_o be_v clear_o prove_v to_o we_o from_o word_n or_o deed_n express_v by_o such_o a_o act_n that_o lie_v in_o proof_n or_o we_o be_v not_o bind_v to_o find_v those_o word_n but_o must_v strike_v they_o out_o of_o the_o indictment_n or_o find_v a_o ignoramus_n or_o if_o the_o witness_n themselves_o shall_v inform_v we_o that_o it_o be_v a_o sudden_a fall_v out_o or_o do_v by_o misfortune_n se_fw-la defendendo_fw-la in_o his_o own_o defence_n or_o to_o defend_v himself_o against_o one_o that_o will_v have_v rob_v he_o in_o his_o house_n or_o upon_o the_o highway_n or_o that_o he_o that_o do_v it_o be_v a_o watchman_n a_o constable_n or_o lawful_a officer_n or_o keeper_n of_o a_o park_n or_o warren_n and_o in_o do_v his_o duty_n or_o that_o he_o that_o do_v it_o be_v a_o natural_a fool_n one_o not_o compos_fw-la mentis_fw-la a_o madman_n or_o a_o young_a child_n that_o do_v it_o and_o by_o his_o young_a and_o tender_a year_n not_o capable_a of_o malice_n and_o so_o can_v not_o be_v guilty_a of_o murder_n or_o if_o there_o have_v be_v former_a fall_n out_o and_o
which_o will_v be_v against_o the_o law_n and_o liberty_n of_o the_o subject_a and_o therefore_o the_o grand_a juror_n have_v the_o great_a reason_n to_o enlarge_v in_o their_o declaration_n or_o accusation_n for_o the_o king_n as_o in_o all_o declaration_n at_o law_n be_v usual_a as_o far_o as_o the_o law_n will_v heighten_v all_o offence_n in_o blood_n 235._o since_o the_o other_o jury_n have_v so_o much_o liberty_n to_o lessen_v the_o damage_n and_o extenuate_v the_o crime_n whatever_o the_o accusation_n be_v now_o upon_o what_o i_o have_v write_v in_o this_o preface_n and_o the_o book_n i_o be_o not_o ignorant_a how_o much_o i_o have_v subject_v myself_o ad_fw-la capio_fw-la lectoris_fw-la to_o the_o various_a censure_n of_o the_o several_a reader_n especial_o such_o as_o use_v to_o serve_v or_o may_v serve_v on_o grand_a jury_n gentleman_n i_o know_v of_o the_o best_a quality_n next_o to_o the_o peer_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o in_o which_o employment_n for_o their_o king_n and_o country_n it_o be_v a_o honour_n to_o serve_v and_o i_o hope_v it_o will_v be_v no_o dishonour_n nor_o indignity_n to_o any_o of_o they_o to_o entertain_v or_o at_o least_o to_o peruse_v this_o advice_n how_o they_o may_v with_o the_o great_a prudence_n and_o fidelity_n pass_v through_o a_o enquiry_n after_o innocent_a bloodshed_n when_o they_o be_v call_v unto_o it_o and_o leave_v nothing_o therein_o of_o this_o cry_v sin_n to_o be_v repent_v of_o that_o it_o be_v not_o full_o inquire_v of_o by_o they_o that_o so_o their_o exact_a care_n and_o justice_n may_v keep_v themselves_o secure_a from_o the_o guilt_n of_o innocent_a blood_n i_o doubt_v not_o but_o it_o will_v meet_v with_o some_o reader_n so_o possess_v with_o the_o contrary_a opinion_n by_o a_o erroneous_a practice_n or_o misunderstanding_n of_o the_o law_n and_o of_o the_o grand_a juror_n oath_n that_o so_o soon_o as_o they_o read_v the_o title_n will_v cast_v away_o the_o book_n and_o cry_v a_o paradox_n other_o happy_o more_o unbiased_a in_o their_o opinion_n and_o of_o more_o moderation_n and_o ingenuity_n if_o they_o dislike_v will_v public_o confute_v it_o with_o strong_a argument_n and_o ground_n of_o law_n and_o reason_n and_o better_a experience_n in_o point_n of_o practice_n and_o so_o determine_v the_o point_n and_o in_o that_o i_o shall_v have_v my_o end_n i_o be_o very_o certain_a that_o i_o enter_v not_o upon_o this_o subject_a with_o a_o offensive_a mind_n but_o cum_fw-la moderamine_fw-la inculpatae_fw-la tutelae_fw-la not_o with_o a_o direct_a design_n to_o kill_v any_o but_o rather_o to_o fright_v weaken_v and_o drive_v away_o that_o daemon_n of_o passion_n in_o man_n to_o commit_v murder_n and_o to_o give_v the_o best_a advice_n to_o grand_a juror_n in_o case_n of_o blood_n a_o small_a thing_n oft_o time_n have_v the_o power_n to_o redress_v a_o great_a inconvenience_n yea_o to_o take_v up_o a_o cruel_a feud_n as_o virgil_n say_v of_o that_o of_o bee_n when_o they_o be_v actual_o engage_v in_o battle_n he_o motus_fw-la animorum_fw-la atque_fw-la haec_fw-la certamina_fw-la tanta_fw-la pulveris_fw-la exigui_fw-la jactu_fw-la compressa_fw-la quiescent_n advice_n to_o grand_a juror_n in_o case_n of_o blood_n it_o be_v the_o great_a happiness_n freedom_n and_o liberty_n of_o the_o english_a nation_n that_o in_o all_o common_a and_o ordinary_a trial_n of_o offence_n criminal_a and_o capital_a as_o treason_n murder_n felony_n and_o misdemeanour_n each_o freeman_n and_o so_o be_v all_o the_o people_n of_o england_n as_o to_o this_o shall_v receive_v his_o trial_n per_fw-la pares_fw-la by_o his_o equal_n which_o be_v well_o provide_v for_o by_o the_o great_a charter_n of_o the_o liberty_n of_o england_n in_o these_o word_n no_o freeman_n shall_v be_v take_v or_o imprison_v or_o disseise_v of_o his_o freehold_n liberties_n or_o free-custom_n nor_o be_v outlaw_v banish_a or_o in_o any_o manner_n destroy_v etc._n etc._n but_o by_o lawful_a judgement_n of_o his_o peer_n or_o by_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n this_o chapter_n of_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la be_v partly_o repeat_v in_o a_o late_a statute_n 143._o and_o there_o law_n of_o the_o land_n be_v expound_v indictment_n process_n by_o writ_n original_a and_o course_n of_o the_o law_n another_o statute_n recite_v it_o and_o instead_o of_o the_o word_n law_n of_o the_o land_n put_v in_o process_n of_o the_o law_n as_o equivalent_a and_o synonimous_a signify_v the_o same_o thing_n and_o again_o a_o statute_n of_o that_o king_n say_v 18._o no_o man_n shall_v answer_v without_o presentment_n before_o the_o justice_n or_o matter_n of_o record_n or_o by_o due_a process_n and_o writ_n original_a according_a to_o the_o old_a law_n of_o the_o land_n 136._o as_o it_o be_v well_o observe_v by_o the_o lo._n cook_n that_o oracle_n of_o the_o law_n in_o plea_n of_o the_o crown_n and_o other_o common_a offence_n and_o nuisance_n the_o king_n can_v in_o a_o ordinary_a way_n put_v any_o man_n to_o answer_v but_o he_o must_v be_v apprise_v by_o indictment_n or_o other_o matter_n of_o record_n for_o by_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n a_o felon_n or_o a_o murderer_n can_v be_v convict_v utlawry_n or_o attaint_v though_o he_o confess_v the_o felony_n or_o murder_n until_o a_o grand_a jury_n have_v present_v the_o offence_n nor_o can_v any_o person_n general_o and_o ordinary_o be_v convict_v or_o attaint_v or_o have_v judgement_n of_o life_n or_o member_n upon_o any_o criminal_a accusation_n but_o there_o must_v be_v two_o jury_n pass_v upon_o he_o at_o least_o 24_o person_n the_o one_o a_o grand_a jury_n ex_fw-la parte_fw-la regis_fw-la to_o present_v the_o offence_n fit_a for_o a_o trial_n the_o other_o a_o petit_fw-fr or_o lesser_a jury_n inter_fw-la regem_fw-la &_o personam_fw-la accusat_fw-la to_o try_v the_o truth_n of_o that_o presentment_n four_o the_o grand_a jury_n come_v from_o all_o part_n of_o the_o county_n ibid._n the_o other_o jury_n of_o the_o very_a neighbourhood_n de_fw-fr vicinetto_fw-it where_o the_o offence_n be_v commit_v for_o vicini_fw-la vicinorum_fw-la facta_fw-la optime_fw-la praesumuntur_fw-la scire_fw-la and_o so_o in_o probability_n of_o law_n be_v presume_v to_o know_v something_o experimental_o beside_o what_o they_o have_v by_o testimony_n both_o of_o the_o quality_n of_o the_o person_n truth_n and_o nature_n of_o the_o offence_n with_o all_o its_o circumstance_n and_o happy_o the_o credit_n of_o the_o accuser_n and_o his_o witness_n it_o be_v not_o sufficient_a that_o they_o dwell_v in_o the_o county_n but_o they_o be_v to_o be_v of_o the_o neighbourhood_n nay_o le_fw-fr plus_fw-fr prochein_n to_o the_o place_n of_o the_o fact_n as_o by_o artic._n super_fw-la cap._n 9_o it_o be_v appoint_v they_o must_v be_v most_o near_o most_o sufficient_a and_o least_o suspicious_a ibid._n the_o first_o be_v call_v a_o grand_a jury_n or_o a_o great_a jury_n either_o in_o respect_n of_o their_o number_n be_v above_o twelve_o the_o general_a certainty_n of_o all_o other_o jury_n and_o may_v be_v as_o many_o as_o the_o court_n please_v but_o usual_o exceed_v not_o 23_o and_o in_o good_a prudence_n when_o there_o be_v much_o or_o weighty_a business_n there_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v a_o lesser_a number_n for_o if_o there_o be_v less_o or_o more_o they_o may_v be_v so_o divide_v that_o there_o can_v be_v no_o verdict_n as_o by_o experience_n have_v be_v observe_v for_o less_o than_o twelve_o agree_v can_v make_v a_o legal_a verdict_n or_o they_o be_v call_v grand_a in_o respect_n of_o the_o quality_n of_o their_o person_n and_o greatness_n of_o their_o estate_n ability_n of_o their_o judgement_n be_v of_o good_a education_n or_o last_o which_o i_o conceive_v the_o best_a reason_n that_o propter_fw-la excellentiam_fw-la they_o be_v style_v jury_n juratores_fw-la pro_fw-la domino_fw-la rege_fw-la pro_fw-la corpore_fw-la com._n juror_n for_o our_o sovereign_a lord_n the_o king_n for_o the_o county_n of_o s._n and_o as_o the_o commons_o in_o parliament_n be_v to_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n they_o have_v a_o unlimited_a power_n to_o present_v all_o offence_n commit_v in_o their_o county_n that_o be_v contra_fw-la pacem_fw-la coronam_fw-la &_o dignitatem_fw-la regis_fw-la against_o the_o peace_n the_o crown_n and_o dignity_n of_o the_o king_n against_o either_o statute_n or_o common_a law_n they_o be_v the_o great_a and_o grand_a spring_n or_o primum_fw-la mobile_a of_o the_o court_n that_o give_v motion_n to_o all_o the_o other_o wheel_n their_o presentment_n be_v the_o key_n that_o either_o open_v or_o shut_v the_o proceed_n of_o the_o court_n in_o every_o offence_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v that_o the_o law_n of_o england_n take_v care_n that_o as_o well_o the_o grand_a jury_n as_o the_o other_o jury_n consist_v of_o person_n that_o be_v probi_fw-la &_o legales_fw-la homines_fw-la good_a and_o lawful_a man_n each_o man_n must_v be_v probus_fw-la quasi_fw-la probatus_fw-la a_o approve_a honest_a man_n well_fw-mi
notwithstanding_o he_o inform_v we_o that_o this_o king_n william_n post_fw-la acquisitionem_fw-la angliae_fw-la after_o he_o have_v obtain_v and_o settle_v the_o kingdom_n in_o peace_n in_o the_o four_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n concilio_n nobilium_fw-la baronum_fw-la suorum_fw-la by_o the_o advice_n of_o his_o nobility_n he_o cause_v to_o be_v summon_v throughout_o england_n the_o noble_n wiseman_n and_o such_o as_o be_v skilful_a in_o the_o law_n right_n and_o custom_n of_o england_n and_o elect_v twelve_o knight_n out_o of_o every_o county_n who_o be_v swear_v before_o the_o king_n to_o make_v a_o true_a collection_n of_o the_o say_a law_n and_o custom_n nihil_fw-la praetermittentes_fw-la nil_fw-la addentes_fw-la nil_fw-la praevaricando_fw-la mutantes_fw-la among_o these_o law_n we_o do_v not_o find_v murder_n punish_v with_o death_n it_o be_v so_o near_o the_o time_n of_o the_o dane_n and_o saxon_n it_o seem_v he_o make_v no_o violent_a alteration_n of_o their_o law_n but_o keep_v 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mark_n if_o the_o village_n be_v not_o able_a than_o the_o hundred_o be_v to_o pay_v it_o and_o this_o money_n be_v to_o be_v seal_v up_o under_o the_o seal_n of_o a_o nobleman_n of_o the_o county_n and_o send_v into_o the_o exchequer_n there_o to_o remain_v a_o year_n and_o a_o day_n to_o the_o end_n that_o if_o the_o hundred_o or_o village_n can_v within_o a_o year_n and_o a_o day_n bring_v the_o body_n of_o the_o murderer_n to_o justice_n they_o shall_v have_v their_o money_n again_o if_o they_o can_v not_o within_o that_o time_n take_v he_o the_o parent_n of_o he_o that_o be_v murder_v shall_v have_v six_o mark_n and_o the_o king_n the_o rest_n if_o he_o have_v no_o parent_n than_o his_o lord_n or_o master_n shall_v have_v it_o if_o no_o lord_n or_o master_n than_o surety_n selagus_n ejus_fw-la i._n e._n fide_fw-la cum_fw-la eo_fw-la ligatus_fw-la that_o be_v his_o pledge_n or_o surety_n if_o he_o have_v none_o of_o these_o than_o the_o king_n shall_v have_v all_o the_o forty_o 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the_o latter_a end_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o three_o we_o find_v a_o thief_n who_o have_v steal_v twelve_o ox_n behead_v capital_a punishment_n have_v not_o only_o be_v in_o use_n against_o homicide_n and_o felony_n but_o other_o transgressor_n also_o and_o among_o those_o who_o worship_v god_n right_o as_o be_v well_o observe_v we_o meet_v with_o no_o divine_a precept_n before_o judah_n which_o make_v whoredom_n worthy_a of_o death_n yea_o when_o he_o be_v tell_v tamar_n thy_o daughter_n in_o law_n have_v play_v the_o harlot_n he_o answer_v bring_v she_o forth_o and_o let_v she_o be_v burn_v annis_fw-la among_o the_o britain_n if_o the_o wife_n kill_v her_o husband_n she_o be_v to_o be_v burn_v so_o be_v the_o english_a law_n to_o this_o day_n we_o may_v proceed_v say_v grotius_n by_o conjecture_n of_o the_o divine_a will_n with_o the_o help_n of_o natural_a reason_n from_o like_a to_o like_v and_o that_o which_o be_v a_o law_n against_o felony_n and_o murder_n may_v be_v extend_v to_o other_o as_o dangerous_o mischievous_a it_o be_v a_o hard_a dispute_n whether_o there_o be_v more_o mercy_n in_o death_n or_o put_v out_o of_o eye_n cut_v off_o leg_n arm_n etc._n etc._n or_o in_o the_o galley_n it_o be_v believe_v that_o the_o boldness_n and_o number_n of_o malefactor_n beget_v the_o law_n of_o death_n and_o those_o who_o death_n with_o so_o much_o infamy_n so_o often_o reiterated_a before_o their_o eye_n can_v fright_v will_v never_o think_v any_o torment_n whatsoever_o where_o life_n be_v leave_v they_o though_o with_o more_o misery_n than_o can_v be_v speak_v terrible_a it_o be_v well_o observe_v by_o the_o lo._n coke_n epilog_n that_o videbis_fw-la ea_fw-la saepe_fw-la committi_fw-la quae_fw-la saepe_fw-la vindicantur_fw-la those_o offence_n be_v often_o commit_v that_o be_v often_o punish_v and_o he_o give_v his_o reason_n for_o it_o that_o the_o frequency_n of_o the_o punishment_n make_v it_o so_o familiar_a as_o it_o be_v not_o fear_v for_o example_n
a_fw-fr graec._n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d &_o qui_fw-la progredi_fw-la possit_fw-la praegredi_fw-la debet_fw-la he_o that_o will_v go_v on_o in_o virtue_n certain_o ought_v principal_o to_o be_v choose_v to_o attend_v the_o court_n of_o justice_n it_o be_v call_v justitia_fw-la quasi_fw-la juris_fw-la statio_fw-la vel_fw-la status_fw-la quod_fw-la per_fw-la justitiam_fw-la jus_o stat_fw-la i._o exercetur_fw-la est_fw-la it_o be_v call_v justice_n because_o it_o be_v the_o standard_n of_o right_n miserable_fw-la servitus_fw-la ubi_fw-la jus_fw-la vagum_fw-la justice_n be_v one_o of_o the_o cardinal_n virtue_n ought_v to_o be_v attend_v by_o none_o but_o the_o virtuoso_fw-la the_o most_o virtuous_a pious_a and_o ingenuous_a person_n probi_fw-la signify_v not_o only_o faithful_a but_o skilful_a none_o can_v be_v presume_v to_o be_v faithful_a in_o keep_v a_o oath_n suspect_v that_o want_v skill_n to_o know_v how_o to_o perform_v his_o duty_n what_o expectation_n can_v there_o be_v of_o a_o good_a verdict_n from_o a_o bad_a or_o ignorant_a man_n can_v he_o that_o be_v not_o capable_a to_o understand_v a_o cause_n ever_o make_v a_o right_a judgement_n of_o it_o will_v a_o liar_n present_v a_o truth_n a_o thief_n convict_v his_o fellow_n thief_n a_o man_n of_o blood_n a_o murderer_n or_o who_o can_v expect_v justice_n from_o he_o who_o neither_o to_o his_o god_n nor_o to_o himself_o be_v just_a 133._o or_o true_a he_o that_o believe_v judge_n be_v quasi_fw-la dei_fw-la god_n as_o the_o scripture_n call_v they_o or_o that_o god_n sit_v among_o and_o be_v present_a with_o judge_n in_o judgement_n as_o in_o the_o scripture_n sense_n it_o be_v truth_n and_o aught_o to_o be_v believe_v can_v but_o apprehend_v how_o unreasonable_a it_o be_v to_o bring_v such_o a_o jury_n before_o such_o a_o presence_n to_o act_v in_o a_o concernment_n of_o so_o high_a a_o nature_n as_o the_o life_n of_o a_o man_n who_o verdict_n ought_v to_o be_v veredictum_fw-la a_o true_a say_n juratur_fw-la quoddam_fw-la evangelium_fw-la as_o the_o gospel_n they_o swear_v upon_o dictum_fw-la veritatis_fw-la the_o say_n of_o truth_n itself_o especial_o as_o it_o be_v the_o verdict_n of_o the_o jury_n of_o life_n and_o death_n who_o have_v the_o advantage_n of_o hear_v not_o only_o the_o accuser_n and_o his_o witness_n but_o also_o the_o party_n accuse_v and_o his_o witness_n face_n to_o face_n they_o be_v call_v although_o a_o jury_n petty_a jury_n yet_o a_o jury_n of_o life_n and_o death_n which_o the_o grand_a jury_n be_v not_o although_o they_o inquire_v of_o the_o same_o offence_n from_o the_o great_a power_n in_o their_o hand_n to_o acquit_v or_o condemn_v the_o life_n of_o a_o man_n according_a to_o their_o evidence_n upon_o who_o verdict_n the_o judge_n according_a to_o law_n ground_n the_o judgement_n of_o life_n or_o death_n of_o acquittal_n or_o condemnation_n and_o as_o a_o jury_n may_v give_v a_o just_a verdict_n as_o to_o themselves_o upon_o a_o false_a testimony_n give_v to_o they_o so_o may_v the_o judge_n as_o to_o himself_o give_v a_o just_a judgement_n upon_o a_o false_a verdict_n give_v by_o the_o jury_n for_o as_o the_o juror_n be_v excusable_a that_o give_v their_o verdict_n secundum_fw-la allegata_fw-la &_o probata_fw-la per_fw-la sacrum_fw-la testimonium_fw-la by_o what_o be_v allege_v and_o prove_v to_o they_o by_o the_o oath_n of_o witness_n or_o confession_n of_o the_o party_n even_o so_o that_o judge_n be_v excusable_a in_o foro_fw-la conscientiae_fw-la that_o give_v judgement_n upon_o a_o verdict_n though_o false_a for_o he_o do_v not_o therein_o jus_n dare_v but_o jus_fw-la dicere_fw-la secundum_fw-la veredict_v jur._n upon_o the_o verdict_n of_o the_o perit_n jury_n and_o presentment_n of_o a_o grand_a jury_n and_o this_o be_v full_o verify_v in_o two_o remarkable_a extreme_n case_n note_v in_o the_o margin_n a_o sufficient_a caution_n to_o all_o judge_n not_o to_o try_v any_o for_o murder_n where_o they_o have_v not_o a_o infallible_a evidence_n of_o the_o death_n of_o the_o party_n slay_v and_o as_o every_o juror_n ought_v to_o be_v probus_fw-la homo_fw-la a_o honest_a and_o a_o skilful_a man_n so_o ought_v every_o one_o to_o be_v legalis_fw-la homo_fw-la a_o person_n so_o qualify_v that_o the_o law_n allow_v of_o for_o a_o man_n may_v be_v a_o honest_a prudent_a and_o just_a man_n and_o yet_o in_o the_o eye_n of_o the_o law_n not_o a_o lawful_a juryman_n for_o in_o one_o sense_n he_o be_v not_o legalis_fw-la homo_fw-la that_o be_v not_o ligeus_n &_o subditus_fw-la dom._n regis_fw-la angliae_fw-la treason_n for_o the_o law_n provide_v that_o the_o king_n liege_n people_n shall_v be_v try_v per_fw-la pares_fw-la by_o their_o equal_n their_o fellow_n subject_n in_o a_o proper_a sense_n he_o be_v say_v in_o law_n not_o to_o be_v legalis_fw-la homo_fw-la that_o be_v homo_fw-la utlagatus_fw-la a_o outlaw_a person_n one_o that_o be_v extra_fw-la legem_fw-la positus_fw-la who_o be_v no_o better_a than_o one_o that_o be_v extraneus_fw-la a_o alien_n a_o stranger_n one_o not_o only_o put_v out_o of_o the_o protection_n of_o the_o law_n but_o such_o a_o one_o as_o the_o law_n will_v have_v nothing_o to_o do_v with_o as_o he_o so_o stand_v in_o court_n of_o justice_n to_o serve_v as_o a_o juror_n nay_o such_o a_o person_n be_v a_o juror_n will_v make_v the_o verdict_n void_a and_o it_o be_v a_o good_a exception_n in_o arrest_n of_o judgement_n that_o any_o of_o the_o juror_n be_v outlaw_v but_o in_o a_o large_a sense_n he_o be_v not_o legalis_fw-la homo_fw-la such_o a_o legal_a and_o indifferent_a person_n as_o the_o law_n require_v who_o be_v either_o in_o such_o a_o degree_n of_o blood_n to_o the_o prisoner_n as_o the_o law_n presume_v he_o partial_a or_o in_o such_o a_o evil_a reputation_n 32._o as_o the_o law_n presume_v he_o unjust_a for_o as_o it_o be_v not_o fit_a for_o a_o father_n to_o be_v of_o a_o jury_n to_o try_v his_o son_n or_o the_o son_n the_o father_n brother_n uncle_n or_o near_a relation_n to_o try_v one_o another_o so_o it_o be_v not_o fit_a that_o he_o that_o be_v particeps_fw-la criminis_fw-la or_o indeed_o criminalis_fw-la homo_fw-la a_o man_n that_o stand_v judicial_o accuse_v indict_v convict_v or_o attaint_v for_o felony_n to_o try_v another_o for_o felony_n or_o indeed_o to_o be_v a_o grand_a juror_n to_o present_v it_o the_o law_n provide_v that_o each_o juror_n ought_v to_o be_v a_o person_n rectus_fw-la in_o curia_fw-la that_o stand_v right_a in_o court_n above_z and_o against_o all_o natural_a rational_a and_o legal_a exception_n qui_fw-la accusat_fw-la integrae_fw-la famae_fw-la sit_fw-la &_o non_fw-la criminosus_fw-la for_o certain_o to_o clear_v the_o matter_n of_o fact_n as_o a_o juror_n of_o life_n and_o death_n and_o wise_o to_o discern_v the_o cause_n in_o question_n upon_o a_o doubtful_a and_o perplex_a evidence_n many_o time_n require_v as_o great_a ability_n in_o the_o juror_n of_o life_n and_o death_n as_o in_o the_o judge_n to_o examine_v the_o cause_n and_o to_o give_v judgement_n upon_o the_o verdict_n there_o be_v much_o more_o of_o black-art_n use_v to_o darken_v and_o obscure_v the_o truth_n of_o the_o fact_n in_o case_n of_o blood_n among_o the_o juror_n especial_o if_o either_o a_o great_a person_n or_o rich_a be_v concern_v therein_o than_o possible_o can_v be_v to_o prevent_v or_o prevaricate_v a_o right_a judgement_n in_o the_o judge_n or_o by_o any_o dust_n of_o gold_n power_n or_o favour_n to_o put_v out_o his_o eye_n or_o falsify_v his_o clear_a sight_n who_o sit_v every_o way_n above_o such_o a_o temptation_n the_o juror_n of_o england_n especial_o in_o the_o circuit_n with_o their_o unequal_a yoke-fellow_n the_o tales-man_n be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n the_o very_a scandal_n of_o the_o law_n practical_a of_o england_n who_o seldom_o serve_v but_o to_o serve_v a_o turn_n fact_n to_o obey_v a_o superior_a pleasure_n a_o friend_n or_o to_o help_v away_o in_o a_o hurry_n a_o quick_a dispatch_n of_o practice_n this_o fault_n be_v not_o in_o the_o law_n of_o england_n but_o the_o male_a execution_n of_o they_o the_o statute_n of_o the_o 27_o eliz._n c._n 6._o provide_v that_o each_o juror_n shall_v have_v at_o least_o four_o pound_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la in_o land_n tenement_n or_o rent_n and_o this_o must_v be_v their_o sufficiency_n where_o the_o 272._o debt_n or_o damage_n or_o both_o together_o amount_v to_o forty_o mark_n the_o general_a course_n of_o the_o world_n be_v to_o esteem_v man_n according_a to_o their_o estate_n quantum_fw-la cuique_fw-la sua_fw-la nummorum_fw-la seruat_fw-la in_o arca_fw-la tantum_fw-la habet_fw-la &_o fidei_fw-la juror_n that_o have_v estate_n to_o lose_v will_v be_v afraid_a to_o commit_v perjury_n the_o best_a thing_n abuse_v always_o prove_v the_o worst_a the_o sweet_a wine_n make_v the_o sharp_a vinegar_n not_o that_o the_o fault_n be_v in_o the_o wine_n but_o in_o the_o use_n and_o
say_v he_o what_o a_o lamentable_a case_n it_o be_v to_o see_v so_o many_o christian_a man_n and_o woman_n strangle_v on_o that_o curse_a tree_n of_o the_o gallow_n plor_fw-la insomuch_o as_o if_o in_o a_o large_a field_n a_o man_n may_v see_v together_o all_o the_o christian_n that_o but_o in_o one_o year_n throughout_o england_n come_v to_o that_o untimely_a and_o ignominious_a death_n if_o there_o be_v any_o spark_n of_o grace_n or_o charity_n in_o he_o it_o will_v make_v his_o heart_n to_o bleed_v for_o pity_n and_o compassion_n i_o myself_o have_v know_v at_o one_o assize_n in_o the_o county_n of_o monmouth_n where_o one_o have_v have_v judgement_n to_o die_v for_o steal_v a_o horse_n and_o reprieve_v in_o order_n to_o procure_v his_o pardon_n another_o narrow_o acquit_v of_o a_o felony_n and_o make_v use_v of_o by_o the_o gaoler_n to_o be_v the_o common-hangman_n at_o the_o same_o assize_n that_o both_o these_o person_n the_o one_o break_v the_o goal_n the_o other_o have_v his_o liberty_n as_o be_v acquit_v be_v both_o take_v in_o one_o felony_n and_o burglary_n before_o the_o next_o assize_n commit_v to_o the_o goal_n and_o receive_v judgement_n of_o death_n and_o be_v both_o hang_v together_o so_o little_o do_v favour_n terror_n or_o example_n work_v a_o reformation_n upon_o those_o that_o be_v harden_v in_o their_o sin_n and_o want_v grace_n to_o make_v good_a use_n of_o they_o but_o it_o be_v think_v horrible_a and_o grievous_a that_o a_o man_n life_n the_o life_n of_o a_o christian_a or_o any_o of_o the_o member_n of_o his_o body_n shall_v be_v take_v away_o for_o so_o small_a a_o value_n as_o thirteen_o penny_n i_o take_v twelve_o penny_n to_o be_v but_o petit_fw-fr larceny_n for_o which_o he_o shall_v be_v whip_v it_o be_v very_o plain_a that_o the_o statute_n of_o 3_o ed._n 1._o c._n 15._o 15._o declare_v what_o prisoner_n be_v mainprizable_a or_o barable_a say_v among_o other_o offence_n viz._n or_o for_o larceny_n which_o amount_v not_o above_o the_o value_n of_o twelve_o penny_n nay_o for_o less_o king_n aethelstanes_n law_n begin_v with_o thief_n and_o speak_v thus_o first_o that_o a_o man_n spare_v no_o thief_n who_o be_v in_o the_o manner_n have_v in_o his_o hand_n take_v above_o eight_o penny_n it_o seem_v eight_o penny_n then_o be_v in_o the_o nature_n of_o a_o petit_fw-fr larceny_n a_o ram_n in_o the_o saxon_n time_n be_v worth_a but_o four_o penny_n that_o which_o be_v heretofore_o sell_v for_o twelve_o penny_n will_v now_o be_v worth_a forty_o shilling_n in_o the_o assize_n of_o bread_n long_o after_o the_o saxon_n in_o the_o 51th_o of_o h._n 3._o eight_o bushel_n of_o wheat_n be_v value_v but_o at_o twelve_o penny_n in_o edward_n the_o three_o time_n a_o bushel_n of_o wheat_n be_v but_o ten_o penny_n a_o haymaker_n have_v but_o a_o penny_n a_o day_n reaper_n of_o corn_n two_o penny_n a_o acre_n to_o be_v mow_v for_o five_o penny_n thresh_v a_o quarter_n of_o wheat_n or_o rye_n but_o two_o penny_n a_o master-carpenter_n three_o penny_n a_o day_n and_o his_o man_n two_o penny_n a_o free_a mason_n four_o penny_n other_o three_o penny_n their_o boy_n one_o penny_n plasterer_n and_o their_o knave_n so_o name_v in_o the_o act_n the_o same_o manner_n and_o to_o find_v themselves_o meat_n and_o drink_n 3._o see_v the_o statute_n 25_o e._n 3._o c._n 1_o and_o 3._o and_o by_o the_o statute_n make_v the_o 6_o of_o h._n 8._o of_o much_o late_a time_n the_o wage_n of_o a_o bailiff_n of_o husbandry_n be_v but_o sixteen_o shilling_n eight_o penny_n and_o for_o clothing_n he_o five_o shilling_n with_o meat_n and_o drink_n a_o chief_a hind_n or_o shepherd_n twenty_o shilling_n and_o for_o his_o clothing_n five_o shilling_n every_o common_a servant_n sixteen_o shilling_n eight_o penny_n for_o clothing_n four_o shilling_n no_o woman_n servant_n above_o ten_o shilling_n her_o clothing_n four_o shilling_n and_o no_o master_n may_v have_v give_v more_o and_o although_o twelve_o penny_n keep_v not_o the_o old_a rate_n but_o the_o modern_a yet_o thing_n be_v prize_v in_o trial_n of_o life_n far_o below_o their_o worth_n and_o no_o man_n lose_v his_o life_n in_o a_o single_a and_o simple_a felony_n but_o where_o the_o thing_n steal_v rise_v to_o more_o than_o many_o twelve_o pence_n especial_o after_o the_o old_a estimate_n but_o indeed_o the_o quality_n of_o the_o offender_n circumstance_n of_o the_o offence_n and_o of_o the_o time_n be_v main_o considerable_a in_o our_o law_n where_o any_o man_n life_n be_v take_v away_o in_o such_o a_o felony_n but_o to_o return_v to_o our_o proper_a subject_n and_o to_o manifest_v what_o the_o law_n of_o england_n be_v in_o case_n of_o blood_n not_o long_o after_o the_o conqueror_n and_o how_o tender_a a_o regard_n the_o law_n of_o england_n answerable_a to_o the_o law_n of_o god_n have_v of_o the_o life_n of_o man_n 383._o by_o a_o canon_n of_o our_o old_a english_a church_n he_o that_o kill_v a_o man_n in_o public_a war_n though_o justifiable_a be_v enjoin_v a_o penance_n of_o forty_o day_n 8._o by_o the_o common_a law_n kill_v by_o misadventure_n unaware_o or_o in_o a_o man_n own_o defence_n be_v murder_n found_v upon_o the_o judicial_a law_n before_o the_o city_n of_o refuge_n and_o the_o forfeiture_n and_o punishment_n of_o both_o be_v as_o in_o case_n of_o murder_n as_o appear_v plain_o by_o the_o statute_n of_o marlebridge_n and_o gloucester_n the_o forfeiture_n of_o good_n and_o chattel_n remain_v as_o yet_o the_o word_n of_o the_o statute_n of_o marlebridge_n 52_o h._n 3._o 3._o be_v as_o follow_v murder_n from_o henceforth_o shall_v not_o be_v adjudge_v before_o our_o justice_n where_o it_o be_v find_v misfortune_n only_o which_o show_v before_o that_o statute_n though_o a_o man_n be_v kill_v by_o misfortune_n he_o have_v the_o same_o judgement_n in_o law_n as_o for_o murder_n so_o that_o after_o the_o make_n of_o that_o statute_n until_o the_o 6_o of_o edw._n 1._o 1._o writ_n be_v grant_v of_o course_n where_o there_o be_v a_o surmise_n that_o the_o man_n be_v kill_v by_o misfortune_n or_o se_fw-la defendendo_fw-la or_o in_o any_o other_o manner_n where_o the_o kill_n be_v not_o felony_n and_o thereupon_o a_o pardon_n of_o course_n or_o grace_n be_v grant_v to_o the_o party_n who_o only_o forfeit_v his_o good_n and_o chattel_n and_o by_o benefit_n of_o that_o pardon_n have_v only_o his_o liberty_n out_o of_o prison_n which_o without_o he_o can_v not_o have_v this_o way_n of_o mercy_n it_o seem_v do_v stretch_v too_o far_o and_o cover_v too_o many_o guilty_a person_n as_o i_o fear_v yet_o it_o do_v under_o her_o wing_n when_o as_o their_o several_a case_n be_v not_o judicial_o examine_v indict_v and_o try_v before_o hand_n by_o a_o grand_a jury_n and_o a_o jury_n of_o life_n and_o death_n before_o a_o learned_a judge_n as_o in_o ordinary_a trial_n of_o criminal_n whereby_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o many_o murder_n and_o manslaughter_n escape_v under_o the_o favourable_a surmise_n of_o a_o per_fw-la infortunium_fw-la or_o se_fw-la defendendo_fw-la as_o if_o it_o be_v do_v by_o misfortune_n or_o in_o his_o own_o defence_n and_o so_o come_v off_o from_o a_o foul_a murder_n by_o a_o pardon_n of_o course_n now_o for_o remedy_n in_o this_o case_n come_v the_o statute_n of_o gloucester_n the_o word_n of_o which_o statute_n be_v as_o follow_v 9_o the_o king_n command_v that_o no_o writ_n shall_v be_v grant_v out_o of_o chancery_n for_o the_o death_n of_o a_o man_n to_o inquire_v whether_o a_o man_n do_v kill_v another_o by_o misfortune_n or_o in_o his_o own_o defence_n or_o in_o any_o other_o manner_n without_o felony_n but_o he_o shall_v be_v put_v in_o prison_n until_o the_o come_n of_o the_o justice_n in_o eyre_n or_o justice_n assign_v to_o the_o gaol-delivery_n and_o shall_v put_v himself_o upon_o the_o country_n before_o they_o for_o good_a and_o evil_n that_o be_v for_o life_n or_o death_n if_o in_o case_n it_o be_v find_v by_o the_o country_n that_o he_o do_v it_o in_o his_o defence_n or_o by_o misfortune_n then_o by_o the_o report_n of_o the_o justice_n to_o the_o king_n the_o king_n shall_v take_v he_o to_o his_o grace_n if_o it_o please_v he_o the_o report_n to_o the_o king_n be_v to_o certify_v the_o record_n into_o the_o chancery_n where_o the_o king_n be_v always_o present_a and_o therefore_o it_o be_v call_v a_o pardon_n of_o course_n 15._o stamford_n foe_n 15._o whereas_o the_o king_n own_o hand_n and_o fiat_fw-la be_v to_o other_o pardon_n so_o that_o here_o it_o be_v very_o plain_a that_o he_o that_o will_v be_v acquit_v and_o discharge_v out_o of_o prison_n for_o manslaughter_n per_fw-la infortunium_fw-la or_o se_fw-la defendendo_fw-la ex_fw-la gratia_n regis_fw-la must_v first_o put_v himself_o super_fw-la patriam_fw-la
sense_n be_v leave_v to_o the_o opinion_n grand_a jury_n to_o be_v judge_n of_o but_o in_o all_o these_o case_n and_o many_o more_o must_v be_v rule_v and_o overrule_v by_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o court_n in_o point_n of_o law_n although_o no_o malice_n in_o these_o case_n can_v be_v prove_v to_o the_o grand_a jury_n or_o petit_fw-fr jury_n comment_n yet_o the_o indictment_n must_v be_v express_o draw_v and_o so_o find_v by_o the_o grand_a jury_n with_o these_o word_n to_o make_v it_o murder_n exit_fw-la malitia_fw-la sua_fw-la praecogitata_fw-la etc._n etc._n that_o be_v that_o he_o kill_v he_o out_o of_o his_o malice_n forethought_a not_o that_o these_o word_n make_v a_o new_a offence_n of_o felony_n and_o murder_n that_o be_v not_o felony_n and_o murder_n before_o and_o so_o esteem_v in_o all_o case_n where_o it_o be_v do_v voluntary_o and_o by_o assault_n and_o this_o appear_v plain_o by_o the_o statute_n of_o marlebridge_n former_o mention_v 35_o h._n 3._o where_o it_o be_v say_v murder_n from_o henceforth_o shall_v not_o be_v adjudge_v before_o our_o justice_n where_o it_o be_v find_v by_o misfortune_n only_o but_o it_o shall_v take_v place_n in_o such_o as_o be_v slay_v by_o felony_n and_o not_o otherwise_o by_o this_o statute_n it_o be_v plain_a that_o kill_v one_o unaware_o by_o misfortune_n be_v murder_n before_o this_o statute_n and_o that_o after_o this_o statute_n all_o other_o kill_v where_o it_o be_v felony_n shall_v be_v murder_n as_o before_o this_o statute_n felony_n be_v a_o general_a term_n fol._n which_o comprehend_v divers_a heinous_a offence_n for_o which_o the_o offender_n ought_v to_o suffer_v death_n and_o lose_v their_o good_n and_o land_n they_o be_v call_v felony_n of_o the_o latin_a word_n fel_n which_o be_v in_o english_a gall_n in_o french_a feil_n or_o of_o the_o ancient_a english_a word_n fall_v or_o fierce_a or_o because_o they_o be_v intend_v to_o be_v do_v with_o a_o cruel_a bitter_a fell_a fierce_a or_o mischievous_a mind_n so_o the_o statute_n de_fw-fr officio_fw-la coronatoris_fw-la make_v 4_o ed._n 1._o 1._o where_o the_o coroner_n be_v well_o direct_v his_o duty_n where_o any_o person_n be_v slay_v or_o sudden_o dead_a how_o he_o shall_v behave_v himself_o which_o be_v worth_a his_o read_n it_o follow_v in_o the_o say_a act_n in_o these_o word_n and_o if_o any_o be_v find_v culpable_a of_o the_o murder_n the_o coroner_n shall_v immediate_o go_v to_o his_o house_n and_o inventory_n his_o good_n chattel_n land_n etc._n etc._n as_o in_o that_o act_n be_v further_o direct_v i_o only_o mention_v it_o to_o show_v that_o all_o that_o be_v find_v so_o slay_v the_o coroner_n be_v to_o inquire_v of_o it_o as_o murder_n or_o otherwise_o there_o can_v be_v no_o inventory_v of_o good_n value_v or_o seize_v of_o land_n etc._n etc._n or_o commit_v the_o offender_n to_o the_o goal_n by_o the_o coroner_n as_o plain_o do_v appear_v by_o that_o act._n so_o the_o statute_n of_o the_o second_o of_o ed._n 24._o 6._o where_o one_o be_v strike_v in_o one_o county_n and_o die_v in_o another_o it_o be_v doubtful_a before_o where_o the_o trial_n shall_v be_v give_v power_n to_o the_o party_n concern_v to_o bring_v a_o appeal_n who_o have_v not_o power_n to_o appeal_v in_o that_o case_n before_o of_o murder_n only_o in_o the_o county_n where_o the_o party_n die_v and_o in_o that_o case_n can_v bring_v no_o appeal_n of_o manslaughter_n as_o in_o the_o straighten_v sense_n some_o will_v take_v the_o word_n manslaughter_n by_o this_o statute_n be_v declare_v that_o where_o any_o murder_n or_o felony_n which_o word_n felony_n here_o can_v comprehend_v manslaughter_n shall_v be_v commit_v in_o one_o county_n and_o there_o be_v accessary_n to_o the_o same_o in_o another_o county_n upon_o a_o indictment_n find_v in_o the_o county_n where_o such_o accessary_n be_v guilty_a the_o certificate_n of_o the_o conviction_n or_o attainder_n of_o the_o principal_n shall_v be_v good_a to_o proceed_v against_o such_o accessary_n so_o that_o if_o the_o principal_a be_v not_o indict_v of_o murder_n i_o conceive_v it_o be_v doubtful_a upon_o this_o statute_n to_o proceed_v to_o the_o condemnation_n and_o judgement_n of_o the_o accessary_a in_o another_o county_n for_o by_o no_o congruity_n can_v the_o word_n or_o felony_n comprehend_v manslaughter_n a_o pardon_n of_o all_o felony_n will_v hardly_o pardon_v manslaughter_n or_o be_v allow_v of_o so_o in_o the_o four_o of_o h._n 13._o 7._o cap._n 13._o there_o be_v these_o word_n in_o the_o statute_n whereas_o upon_o trust_n of_o the_o privilege_n of_o the_o church_n divers_a person_n have_v be_v the_o more_o bold_a to_o commit_v murder_n etc._n etc._n because_o they_o have_v be_v continual_o admit_v to_o the_o benefit_n of_o the_o clergy_n as_o oft_o as_o they_o offend_v it_o be_v enact_v that_o every_o one_o be_v once_o admit_v to_o have_v the_o benefit_n of_o his_o himself_o clergy_n if_o not_o within_o holy_a order_n shall_v not_o a_o second_o time_n be_v admit_v for_o such_o a_o offence_n and_o that_o every_o person_n so_o convict_v for_o murder_n to_o be_v mark_v with_o a_o m_o upon_o the_o brawn_n of_o the_o left_a thumb_n and_o for_o another_o felony_n with_o a_o t._n here_o it_o be_v plain_a that_o the_o word_n murder_v comprehend_v all_o manner_n of_o manslaughter_n all_o manner_n of_o felonious_a kill_n every_o murder_n be_v manslaughter_n and_o every_o manslaughter_n then_o as_o murder_n they_o being_n termini_fw-la convertibiles_fw-la equal_o signify_v the_o genus_fw-la of_o man-killing_a you_o may_v perceive_v by_o what_o have_v be_v say_v before_o that_o felony_n can_v comprehend_v manslaughter_n or_o murder_n for_o here_o the_o one_o be_v to_o be_v burn_v with_o a_o m_o for_o murder_n the_o felon_n with_o a_o t_o for_o theft_n both_o which_o mark_n upon_o the_o respective_a conviction_n be_v as_o i_o conceive_v in_o those_o case_n by_o virtue_n of_o this_o statute_n observe_v to_o this_o day_n although_o we_o now_o apply_v the_o letter_n m_o to_o such_o as_o the_o jury_n of_o life_n and_o death_n upon_o a_o indictment_n of_o murder_n from_o the_o grand_a jury_n shall_v convict_v of_o manslaughter_n that_o be_v upon_o the_o point_n shall_v find_v this_o special_a matter_n that_o be_v to_o say_v that_o there_o be_v no_o malice_n express_v or_o imply_v in_o he_o that_o kill_v the_o other_o but_o in_o a_o sudden_a heat_n of_o blood_n occasion_v by_o a_o actual_a not_o verbal_a provocation_n in_o he_o that_o be_v kill_v this_o contradistinction_n betwixt_o the_o two_o word_n murder_n and_o manslaughter_n as_o i_o conceive_v come_v into_o our_o law_n only_o since_o the_o statute_n of_o the_o 23_o h._n 8._o c._n 1._o that_o take_v away_o clergy_n that_o be_v will_v not_o accept_v of_o they_o to_o be_v clerk_n that_o kill_v another_o malicious_o i_o find_v not_o this_o distinction_n before_o either_o in_o the_o levitical_a law_n the_o law_n of_o god_n or_o the_o law_n of_o england_n no_o sanctuary_n or_o place_n of_o refuge_n as_o be_v say_v before_o by_o the_o law_n of_o god_n be_v allow_v for_o such_o a_o distinction_n but_o both_o shall_v have_v be_v pluck_v from_o the_o horn_n of_o the_o altar_n and_o by_o our_o law_n in_o both_o case_n notwithstanding_o this_o novel_a distinction_n they_o be_v equal_o admit_v to_o clergy_n i_o mean_v by_o the_o common_a law_n the_o say_a statute_n of_o the_o 4_o h._n 7._o c._n 13._o be_v the_o first_o statute_n that_o i_o find_v that_o appoint_v burn_v in_o the_o hand_n for_o murder_n and_o felony_n and_o take_v away_o clergy_n for_o the_o second_o offence_n of_o the_o same_o kind_n where_o clergy_n have_v be_v allow_v before_o and_o it_o be_v observable_a that_o in_o this_o statute_n it_o be_v call_v murder_n with_o or_o without_o the_o word_n exit_fw-la malitia_fw-la praecogitata_fw-la not_o have_v respect_n to_o our_o modern_a distinction_n which_o hold_v only_o as_o be_v say_v in_o the_o enquiry_n of_o the_o jury_n of_o life_n and_o death_n who_o have_v the_o whole_a matter_n of_o fact_n before_o they_o with_o all_o the_o circumstance_n thereof_o as_o it_o arise_v from_o both_o side_n which_o the_o grand_a juror_n neither_o have_v nor_o aught_o to_o have_v then_o come_v the_o statute_n of_o the_o 23_o h._n 1._o 8._o former_o mention_v be_v the_o first_o statute_n that_o take_v away_o clergy_n for_o the_o first_o offence_n of_o murder_n call_v in_o this_o statute_n wilful_a murder_n 62._o of_o malice_n prepense_a this_o statute_n be_v make_v to_o rectify_v the_o great_a abuse_n in_o ordinary_n in_o suffer_v notorious_a thief_n and_o murderer_n to_o make_v purgation_n and_o provide_v that_o no_o person_n which_o hereafter_o shall_v be_v find_v guilty_a after_o the_o law_n of_o this_o land_n of_o any_o petit_fw-fr treason_n or_o for_o any_o wilful_a murder_n of_o malice_n prepense_a
dier_n 59_o 59_o jurato_fw-la creditur_fw-la in_o judicio_fw-la and_o to_o say_v the_o truth_n say_v the_o lord_n coke_n we_o never_o read_v in_o any_o act_n of_o parliament_n ancient_a author_n book-case_n or_o record_n that_o in_o criminal_a case_n the_o party_n accuse_v shall_v not_o have_v witness_n swear_v for_o he_o and_o therefore_o there_o be_v not_o so_o much_o as_o scintilla_fw-la juris_fw-la against_o it_o cok._n 3_o inst_n fol._n 79._o finch_n 25._o case_n of_o presentment_n and_o indictment_n indictment_n in_o ancient_a time_n it_o be_v usual_a to_o arraign_v one_o take_v in_o the_o manner_n without_o any_o appeal_n or_o indictment_n indictment_n doctor_n &_o student_n lib._n 2._o cap._n abridgement_n 6_o e._n 1._o 9_o 3_o h._n 7._o c._n 1._o murder_n 3_o h._n 7._o c._n 1._o 3_o h._n 8._o 3_o h._n 7._o 11_o h._n 7._o c._n 3._o 3._o coke_n 3_o inst_n fol._n 26._o 1._o inst_n sect._n 194._o fortescue_n c._n 26._o 72._o stamford_n l._n 2._o fol._n 90._o 90._o the_o judge_n do_v advise_v in_o draw_v the_o indictment_n against_o leak_n 4_o jac._n coke_n 3_o inst_n tit._n treason_n fol._n 16._o 16._o bracton_n be_v order_n in_o le_fw-fr suspicion_n ou_fw-fr endictment_n del_o felon_n lib._n 3._o cap._n 22._o paragr_n 1._o fol._n 143._o stamf._n fol._n 97._o v_o mackally_n case_n li._n 9_o foe_n 67._o 67._o murder_n be_v a_o wilful_a kill_n of_o a_o man_n upon_o malice_n forethink_v but_o this_o must_v either_o be_v express_v in_o proof_n or_o imply_v by_o law_n it_o seem_v to_o come_v of_o the_o saxon_a word_n mordren_n which_o so_o signify_v and_o mordridus_n be_v the_o murderer_n even_o to_o this_o day_n among_o they_o in_o saxony_n from_o whence_o we_o have_v most_o of_o our_o word_n or_o it_o may_v be_v derive_v of_o mort_fw-fr est_fw-fr dire_fw-fr as_o mors_fw-la dira_fw-la term_n of_o the_o law_n title_n murder_n fol._n 207._o 207._o si_fw-mi sit_fw-la aliquis_fw-la qui_fw-la mulitrem_fw-la pregnantem_fw-la percusserit_fw-la si_fw-la puerperium_fw-la non_fw-la formatum_fw-la vil_fw-mi animatum_fw-la fuerit_fw-la &_o maximè_fw-la si_fw-la animatum_fw-la fecit_fw-la homicide_n stamf._n fol._n 12._o in_o this_o fol._n you_o shall_v find_v justice_n stamford_n use_v the_o word_n homicide_n &_o murdrum_n as_o signify_v the_o same_o v_o stamf._n fol._n 21._o c._n 13._o coke_n li._n 9_o foe_n 67._o 6._o in_o mackally_n case_n 3._o inst_n fol._n 57_o 3_o inst_n fol._n 56._o 22_o ed._n 3._o coron_n 263._o 263._o murder_n be_v interpretative_a in_o the_o law_n and_o not_o to_o be_v leave_v to_o grand_a juror_n opinion_n opinion_n aliquando_fw-la vero_fw-la clanculum_fw-la &_o nemine_fw-la vidente_fw-la ita_fw-la ut_fw-la sciri_fw-la non_fw-la possit_fw-la quid_fw-la sit_fw-la actum_fw-la hujusmodi_fw-la homicidium_fw-la dici_fw-la poterit_fw-la murdrum_n stamf._n 6._o 1._o fol._n 12._o hales_n &_o petty_a case_n in_o his_o comment_n term_n of_o the_o law_n felony_n 160._o fol._n 4_o ed._n 1._o 2_o ed._n 6._o c._n 24._o 4_o h._n 7._o c._n 13._o 13._o when_o clergy_n begin_v appear_v not_o by_o any_o common_a law_n book_n it_o take_v its_o root_n from_o a_o constitution_n of_o the_o pope_n that_o the_o priest_n shall_v not_o be_v accuse_v before_o a_o secular_a judge_n co._n magna_fw-la charta_fw-la 636._o it_o have_v be_v confirm_v by_o divers_a parliament_n and_o so_o favourable_o use_v by_o the_o temporal_a judge_n that_o it_o have_v be_v allow_v to_o all_o layman_n that_o can_v read_v which_o be_v more_o than_o the_o common_a law_n require_v stamford_n fol._n 123._o the_o first_o that_o mention_n this_o privilege_n at_o common_a law_n be_v bracton_n that_o write_v in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o three_o bracton_n lib._n 3._o fol._n 123._o the_o next_o be_v the_o statute_n of_o westm_n 3_o ed._n 1._o c._n 2._o by_o the_o pope_n constitution_n the_o privilege_n of_o clergy_n extend_v to_o all_o offence_n whatsoever_o and_o the_o prelate_n of_o england_n by_o colour_n thereof_o do_v claim_v the_o same_o as_o general_o vide_fw-la 9_o ed._n 2._o articuli_fw-la cleri_fw-la yet_o within_o this_o kingdom_n clergy_n be_v allow_v only_o in_o case_n of_o murder_n petty_a treason_n and_o felony_n not_o in_o treason_n against_o the_o king_n himself_o 23_o h._n 8._o c._n 1._o 1._o that_o be_v voluntary_a and_o of_o set_a purpose_n though_o it_o be_v do_v upon_o a_o sudden_a occasion_n for_o if_o it_o be_v voluntary_a the_o law_n imply_v malice_n coke_n 3_o inst_n fol._n 62._o 62._o within_o five_o year_n of_o the_o time_n of_o king_n henry_n the_o second_o there_o be_v above_o a_o 100_o murder_n by_o priest_n and_o man_n within_o holy_a order_n order_n the_o exemption_n of_o the_o clergy_n take_v away_o by_o the_o law_n of_o clarendon_n graft_n 1187._o cok._n lib._n 9_o 69._o blow_n com._n 101_o 22_o h._n 8._o c._n 19_o 22_o h._n 8._o c._n 14._o 25_o h._n 8._o c._n 3._o 28_o h._n 8._o c._n 1._o 32_o h._n 8._o c._n 3._o 1_o ed._n 6._o c._n 12._o poison_v murder_n although_o no_o malice_n be_v prove_v 2_o ed._n 6._o c._n 24._o cok._n l._n 9_o f._n 117._o 5_o ed._n 6._o c._n 9_o this_o be_v not_o much_o pertinent_a to_o this_o purpose_n but_o that_o it_o take_v away_o clergy_n and_o relate_v to_o several_a statute_n before_o mention_v concern_v murder_n 5_o ed._n 6._o 25_o h._n 8._o c._n 3._o 1_o ed._n 6._o c._n 12._o cok._n l._n 11._o f._n 31._o stat._n 2_o &_o 3_o p._n &_o m._n c._n 17._o stat._n 4_o &_o 5_o p._n &_o m._n c._n 4._o dier_n f._n 183_o 186._o cok._n i._n 11._o f._n 35._o 1_o jac._n c._n 8._o 21_o jac._n c._n 27._o 1_o jac._n c._n 8._o 21_o jac._n c._n 27._o 27._o note_v this_o here_o the_o grand_a jury_n find_v as_o it_o be_v lay_v in_o the_o indictment_n by_o the_o king_n counsel_n that_o the_o child_n be_v bear_v alive_a although_o they_o have_v not_o the_o least_o evidence_n for_o it_o and_o yet_o i_o trust_v they_o be_v not_o forswear_v forswear_v sir_n wadham_n windham_n kt._n one_o of_o the_o justice_n of_o the_o common_a pleas._n pleas._n the_o name_n of_o murder_n be_v not_o change_v but_o the_o law_n retain_v it_o continual_o for_o the_o heinousness_n of_o the_o crime_n stamford_n fol._n 19_o if_o not_o the_o name_n than_o not_o the_o word_n that_o make_v it_o so_o 23_o h._n 8._o stamf._n fol._n 17._o pl._n coron_n tit._n coron_n fitz._n v._o 15_o ed._n 2._o p._n 383._o vid._n tit._n memorat_fw-la p._n 331_o 350._o hales_n &_o petit_n case_n le_fw-fr com._n 261._o a._n 18_o el._n pl._n 474._o 22_o h._n 8._o c._n 14._o make_v perpetual_a by_o 32_o h._n 8._o 3._o brook_z challenge_v 217._o 33_o h._n 8._o 1_o 2_o ph._n &_o mar._n hil._n ja._n r._n stamford_n lib._n 2._o fol._n 149._o poulton_n de_fw-fr pace_n fol._n 211._o 4_o ed._n 4._o 11._o 14_o ed._n 4._o 7._o 6_o h._n 4._o 2._o no_o forfeiture_n but_o of_o good_n fit_n esch_n 19_o coke_n 3_o inst_n fol._n 27._o 6_o h._n 8._o c._n 6._o stamf._n fol._n 157._o 23_o h._n 8._o c._n 13._o every_o manslaughter_n be_v felony_n but_o not_o e_fw-la conuerso_fw-la 27_o h._n 8._o c._n 25._o 1_o 2_o ph._n &_o mar._n c._n 13._o 23_o h._n 8._o c._n 12._o kel_n fol._n 98._o 23_o h._n 8._o c._n 1._o stamf._n fol._n ult_n 6._o coke_n 3_o inst_n fol._n 18._o stamf._n pl._n cor._n 63._o 26_o ass_n p._n 52._o coke_n 3_o inst_n fol._n 53._o v_o 3_o &_o 4_o ph._n &_o mar._n justice_n dalison_n be_v rep._n stamf._n pl._n cor._n 160._o 8_o h._n 6._o c._n 29._o stamf._n pl._n cor._n 160._o 2_o h._n 5._o c._n 3._o sr._n w._n stamford_n kt._n one_o of_o the_o justice_n of_o the_o common_a pleas._n