represents a thing after an excellent manner neither by bare words onely but by presenting to our minds the lively Idaea's or forms of things so truly as if we saw them with our eyes As the places in Hell the fiery arrow of Acesta the description of Fame the flame about the Temples of Ascanius c. Efficient efficiens that brings to pass causing or effecting Effiction effictio an expressing or representing Effigies Lat. an image made after the similitude of a thing likeness representation Efflagitate efflagito to desire earnestly or require importunately Efflated efflatus breathed or blown away yeelded or given up Herb. Travels Efflorescence from Effloresco the outward face or superficies the upmost rind or skin of any thing also a deflouring Bac. Effluence effluentia a running or flowing out a flux Effluent Effluous effluus that runs or flowes out Effluvium Lat. a running out or flowing over Often used in Vul Er. Effocate effoco to choak or strangle Effoeminate effoeminatus woman-like nice wanton Effort Fr. endeavor labor travel pains-taking a striving for a matter with whole force and power Effracture effractura a breaking open Effrenation effrenatio head-long rashness unbridled rashness unruly headiness Effrontery Fr. impudence malepertness shamelesness Eicon Basil Effund effundo to pour out to consume riotously Effusion effusio a pouring out prodigality Egbert or rather Ecbert Sax. i. always bright or famous for ever King Egbert who was the seventeenth King of the West Saxons having subdued the Principal Kingdoms of the Saxon Heptarchy stiled himself the first English Monarch commanding South Brittain to be called England from the English Saxons from whose blood he was extracted and over whom he reigned Cam. Egean Sea mare Aegaeum part of the Mediterranean Sea near Greece dividing Europe from Asia A Sea dangerous troublesom to sail through in regard of the multitude of rocks and Islands every where dispersed Insomuch that a man is proverbially said to sail in the Aegean Sea that is incumbred with difficulties or attempts a business of much hazard Egestion egestio a distributing abroad a carrying or casting forth of ordure or dung a voiding or evacuation Egestuosity egestuositas extream poverty Egestuous egestuosus very poor or needy Eglentine Sweet-briar or Dog-briar Egilopical egilopicus that hath or pertaineth to the disease Aegilopa which is a kind of Fistula or Imposthume in the corner of the eye growing to be a Canker eating to the nose and is called the Lachrymale Fistula Bid. Eglogue vide Eclogue Eglomerate eglomero to unwinde Egregious egregius excellent singular passing good Egresse Egression egressus a passage or going forth Egritude aegritudo sickness grief discontentment Egrimony aegrimonia idem Egurgitate egurgito to draw out to empty to disgorge Ejaculate ejaculo to shoot or cast out to hurle forth Ejaculatorie ejaculatorius that hath the property or power to dart shoot or spout forth Ejection ejectio a throwing or casting forth Eirenarch Eiranarches a Justice of Peace Eirenarchy Irenarchia the Office or Government of a Constable or a Justice of Peace Mr. Lamberd wrote a book called Eirenarchie or the Office of a Justice of Peace Eigne Fr. Aisn eldest a Law term as Eign right is the eldest right where there are more Titles then one Act. of Parl. 30. April 1649. Ejulation ejulatio wailing or crying out with pittiful lamentation Ejuration ejuratio a renouncing or resignation Ela the highest note in the Gamut Elaborate elaboratus cunningly wrought exactly done laboured painfully An Elaboratory a Work-house Elacerate elacero to tear or rend in pieces Elamites the people of Persia so called from Elam son of Sem son of Noah Elapidate elapido to rid a place of stones Elapsion elapsio a fliding forth or away Elaqueate elaqueo to unsnare or dis-intangle Elate elatus carried out advanced proud lofty Elaxate elaxo to unloose or make wider Eleack a Sect of Philosophers instituted by Phaedo an Elean of a noble family Eleanor a womans name from Helena i. pittiful Electorat An Electorship a chusing or electing or the right or power of election such as the Electors of the Empire have Also the Office or territory of an Elector Elective electivus pertaining to election or chusing subject to choyce Electriferous electrifer that yields Amber Electrum Lat. a kind of Amber distilling out of the Poplar tree as some report the Poets faign it to have been the tears of the Phaetontiades which were turned into Poplar trees bewailing their brother Phaeton See Amber Electricity electrisitas the power to attract straws or light bodies as Amber doth Electrine electrinus pertaining to or that is made of Amber Electuary electuarium a medicine or confection to be taken inwardly and is made two ways either liquid as in Forma opiatâ— or whole as in Tables or Lozenges or in fashion four square and long which is called Manus Christi Or it is a medicinable composition made of choyce Drugs and of substance between a Syrup and a Conserve but more inclinable to this then that Cot. Eleemosynary eleemosynarius an Almner or one that gives almes Eleemosynate eleemosyno to give almes Elegancy elegantia eloquence of words fineness neatness Elegy elegia a mournful song or verse commonly used at Funerals or upon the death of any person and composed of unequal verses Elegiacal elegiacus belonging to an Elegy or lamentation Elegiographer elegiographus a writer of Elegies or lamentable verses Elements elementa are the most simple bodies extant in nature from the several participation of whose qualities all mixt bodies have their several beings and different constitutions they are four in number to wit Fire Air Water and Earth Element in the singular number stands for one of those sometimes also it signifies a Letter as A B C sometimes the first foundation or Principle of a thing Elementary elementarius pertaining to or which consists of Letters Principles or Elements Elench elenchus an argument subtilly reproving Elenchical that reproves by argument Elenctâ—s Elenctical elencticus which serves for reprehension Elephantine elephantinus pertaining to an Elephant Elevate elevo to lift or hold up to lighten Elevatory from the Lat. elevo to lift up the instrument wherewith Chyrurgeons lift up the broken and sunk-in parts of the skul and draw out Bullets or hail-shot that is entred but a little way into the flesh or bones Elibation elibatio a tasting or offering Sacrifices Elicitation elicitatio a drawing out or alluring Elide elido to hit against a thing to dash to break to squeeze to strangle Elicite elicitus drawn out or allured Eligible elegibilis to be elected fit or like to be chosen Eliminate elemino to put out or cast forth of doors to publish abroad Mont. Elimate elimo to cut off with a file to polish or purge Elingued elinguis dumb speechless Felth. Ellipsis Gr. a defect also a certain crooked line coming of the byas-cutting of a Cone or Cylinder Eliquament eliquamentum fatness or juyce of fish or flesh Elixation elixatio a
between Interstitial that hath a distance or space between Br. Interval intervallum a space between a pause a respite also a Rest in Musick It signifies any distance either of place or time as appears by that of Tully Intervallo locorum temporum disjuncti Cic. Ep. fam lib. 1. Ep. 7. Intervenient interveniens that comes flows or runs between Intervert interverto to take away craftily to convey away falsly that was lent one or committed to his charge to deceive or beguil also to turn upside down Intervigilant intervigilans that is watchful or that awakes now and then or between whiles Intestable intestabilis that by the Law can make no Testament or that cannot be taken in witness not to be believed Intestate intestatus that dies without a Will or Testament also one that no man will take for a witness Intestine Intestinal intestinus that belongs to the inward parts hidden privy deadly spightful Inthronize inthronizo to install in the seat of honor to place in a Royal Throne Intimate intimo to shew to signifie to denounce also to love entirely Intimidate from in and timidus to fear scare affright or make fearful Intinction intinctio a dying or colouring Intone intono to thunder or make a rumbling also to speak earnestly Intoxicate intoxico to poison Intrado or Entrado Spa. an income or yearly revenue also an entrance Fuller Intraneous intraneus that is within inward Intribution intributio contribution or lot-money paid for Lands Intrinsecal intrinsecus inward secret familiar Intrique Fr. an intricacy labyrinth maze incumbrance difficulty Cressey Introclude introcludo to shut within Introgression introgressus a going in Introit introitus an entry a place to enter by a going into a beginning of The first part of the Mass which begins Introibo ad Altare Dei is so called Intromission intromissio a letting in Introruption introruptio an entring or rushing in by violence Introvenient introveniens a comming in Introversion introversio a turning inwards in mystical Divinity it signifies a recollecting ones thoughts from external to inward considerations Intrusion intrusio a wrongful thrusting into the possession of a vacant thing Intuitive intuitus seeing or apt to see or behold clearly An intuitive Vision is a clear sight of a thing as it is in it self Intuition from intueor a looking upon or beholding a thing clearly and distinctly Intumescence intumescentia a swelling puffing or uprising Invaginate invagino to shealth or put into a sheath Invalid invalidus weak feeble impotent forceless Invective invectivus a railing biting opprobrious discourse or bitter speech against one Inventory inventorium is a description or repertory orderly made of dead mens Goods and Chattels prized by four credible men or more which every Executor or Administrator ought to exhibite to the Ordinary at such times as he shall appoint the same West part 1. Symb. lib. 2. Sect. 696. Where likewise you may see the form This Inventory proceeds from the Civil Law for whereas by the antient Law of the Romans the Heir was tied to answer all the Testators debts by which means Heritages were prejudicial to many Justinian to encourage men the better to take upon them this charitable Office ordained that if the heir would first make and exhibite a true Inventory of all the Testators substance coming to his hand he should be no further charged then to the value of the Inventory l. ult Co. de Jure de liberando Inversion inversio a turning inside out or upside down a mis-placing words or matter Invest investire to give or put into possession Investitura propria dicitur quando hasta vel aliquod corporeum traditur à Domini ut ait Feudista lib. 2. tit 2. with us we use likewise to admit the Tenant by delivering a verge or rod into his hand and ministring him an oath which is called Investing others define it thus Investitura est alicujus in suum jus introductio Investigable investigabilis which cannot be found out Investigation investigatio a searching out a diligent enquiry Inveterate inveteratus confirmed by long use setled by continuance antient Invid invidus that hath envy that spighteth or is malicious Invigilate invigilo to watch diligently to take good heed Inviolable inviolabilis that cannot be broken or violated Invious invisus not seen without ways or paths untract Invitiate invitio to mar to spoil to defile Invitatory any thing that inviteth a Summons Inumbrate inumbro to cast a shadow upon to give a shadow to Inundate inundo to overflow to cover with water to run or stream into Invocate invoco to call in or upon to ask or require help Involvent involvens wrapping or folding in covering or overwhelming Inure from in and Vre use or custom a Law term used much in Conveyances and signifies to take place or effect to be available Example a Release shall inure by way of extinguishment Littleton cap. Release And a Release made to a Tenant for term of life shall inure to him in the Reversion Inusitate inusitatus not wont unaccustomed that hath been seldom used strange Invulnerable invulnerabilis that cannot be wounded unwoundable Invulnerability unwoundableness the power of being shot-free Ioab Heb. Fatherhood Ioachim Heb. preparatian of the Lord. Ioannitiques an order of Monks that wear red habits and the presentation of a Chalice on their brests Iob Heb. sighing or sorrowing Iocatory jocatorius pertaining to jesting Iocosity jocositas merriness in jesting Ioculary jocularius that is spoken in jest a jesting matter Bac. Ioculatory joculatorius merry pleasant sporting Iocund jocundus merry pleasant chearful Iohn Hebr. gracious Thought to be an unfortunate name for Kings For that John King of England well near lost his Kingdom and John King of France was long Captive in England and John Baliol was lifted out of his Kingdom of Scotland And John Stewart when the Kingdom of Scotland came to him him renouncing that name would be proclaimed King Robert Iuon is used by the Welch and Sclavonians for John and in this Realm about the Conquerors time John was rarely found but Iuon as Cambden observes Ionathan Heb. Gods gift Ionah or Ionas the name of that Prophet which was sent to Ninive Jon. 1.2 It signifies in Hebrew a Dove Ioncade Fr. a certain Spoon-meat made of Cream Rose-water and Sugar Ionick-work is a sort of Pillars in Architecture See Tuscan Ionick Ionicus a certain foot in a verse consisting of two long syllables and two short also wanton as Jonica Saltatio a wanton or effeminate dance Also pertaining to Jonia a Region of Greece Ionick was also a Sect of Philosophers of which Thales and Anaximander were chief the first whereof was an Ionian by birth whence the Sect took name Hist of Philos Iopaean Gr. a voice or song of rejoycing See Paean Ioseph Heb. encreasing or encrease of the Lord. Iordan See Iurden Iosias Heb. fire of the Lord. Iot or Iod Iöta littera Graeca a thing of very little or no value so called from the Hebrew letter
it was enacted by Parliament in the time of the Conqueror no man then living could tell how much that was so as it was referred to the King to rate how much he should pay which was the more strange considering but 100 years before 200000 Bezants were exacted by the Soldan for redeeming St. Lewis of France which were then valued at 100000 livres The name continues yet in the blazons of Arms where plates of gold are called Bezants and a great piece of gold valued at 15. l. which the King of England formerly offered on high festival days was called a Bizantine but afterward there were two purposely made for the King and Queen with the resemblance of the blessed Trinity inscribed In honorem sanctae Trinitatis and on the other side the picture of the Virgin Mary with In honorem sanctae Mariae Virginis and this was used til the first year of King James who caused two to be new cast the one for himself having on the one side the picture of a King kneeling before an Altar with four Crowns before him implying his four Kingdoms and in the circumscription Quid tribuam Domino pro omnibus quae tribuit mihi On the other side a Lamb lying by a Lyon with Cor contritum humiliatum non despiciet Deus And in another for the Queen a Crown protected by a Cherubin over that an eye and Deus in a cloud with Teget ala summus on the reverse a Queen kneeling before an Altar with this Circumscription Piis precibus fervente fide humili obsequio Cam. Rem The French Kings were also accustomed to offer 13 Besants at the Mass of their Coronation in Rheims to which end Hen. 2. after some discontinuance of that custom caused the same number of them to be made and called them Bysantins but they were not worth above a double Ducket the piece Cot. Black-rod Is the Huissier or Usher belonging to the order of the Garter So called of his black-rod which he carries in his hand he was of the Kings Chamber and Usher of the Lords House in Parliament Min. Blain Sax. Blegene a kind of Bile or Ulcer drawing quickly to a head with a vehement inflammation of the whole part about it Blancmanget Fr. a kind of Custard a white meat made of flower milk sugar and the brains of Pullets Bac. Blanch Fr. white or fair we use it in England for a womans name Blandishment from Blandio or from the Fr. Blandissement a soothing smoothing tickling of the mind and affection with terms of flattery an alluring enticing Blandiloquence blandiloquentia fair-speaking flattering Blatant babling twatling Clievland Blateron or Blatteroon blatero a babler an idle-headed fellow Mr. How Blatteration blateratio vain-babling flattering in speech Blaze is a certain fire which the Inhabitants of Staffordshire and some other Counties were wont and still do make on Twelf-Eve 5. Jan. at night in memory of the Blazing-Star that conducted the three Magi to the Manger at Bethlem Blazon Fr. is the description of armâ—s and their appurtenances by the received terms or other apt expressions of things by words Elements of Ar. Blemishe marks made by hunters to shew where a Deer hath gone Blend Sax. to mix or mingle together Blepharen blepharo onis he that hath great brows or eye-lids Blesiloquent blaesiloquus broad-spoken or that speaks stammeringly Blith Sax. joyful glad merry chearful Bliwmantle The name of an Office of one of the Poursuivants at Arms. See Harold To Blissome as the Ram doth the Ewe i. to Tup her So to go a blissoming is to desire the Ram. Rider Blomary the first Forge in an iron Mill through which the iron passeth after it is once melted out of the Mine Bloudwit from the Sax. blout i. blood and wit for which we have the word wite still in the west parts of England signifying a charging of one with a fault or an upbraiding This Bloodwit is a word used in Charters of Liberties antiently granted and signifies an amerciament for shedding blood So that whosoever had it given him in his Charter had the penalty due for shedding blood granted him Cow Fleta saith Significat quietantiam misericordia pro effusione sanguinis lib. 1. cap. 47. Boccone Ital. a morsel a good bit Sometimes taken for poison Bociant Sax. a possession an inheritance a Farm or house with land belonging to it Boethetic Gr. a part of Physick See Medicine Boillary or Bullary of Salt a little house or furnace where Salt is boiled and made as at Droitwich in Worcestershire Co. instit p. 4. b. Bole-Armoniack a kind of faint red colour used by Painters the chiefest use of it is in making a Size for burnished gold Peacham Bolus Lat. a morsel or mouthful In physick it is a medicament of a middle consistency betwixt a Potion and a Pill Bombard bombarda a Gun or peice of Ordnance Hence Bombardical thundering or roaring like a peece of Ordnance How Bombycinous bombycinus that is made of silk or silken Bombilation bombilatio a humming as of Bees Br. Bonaght was an exaction in Ireland imposed at the will of the Lord for relief of the Knights called Bonaghti that served in the Wars Antiq. Hiber p. 60. Bonair Fr. gentle mild courteous Bonairite Fr. gentleness mildeness courtesie Bonasus See Monops Bonaventure bonaventura good adventure the name of a great Saint and Doctor a Frier of St. Francis Order that lived and flourished in the thirteenth age after Christ Bonefire is well known in the modern use of it and was so called from the antient custom of burning dead mens bones Bone-minâ— Fr. a good countenance posture or shew Bongrace Fr. a certain cover which children use to wear on their Foreheads to keep them from sun-burning so called because it preserves their good grace and beauty Bonhemes Fr. i. good men a religious Order of Friers instituted by St. Francis de Paula a Town of Calabria in Italy a person of eminent sanctity and austerity of life and of that humility that he stiled himself the least or meanest of men and ordered the followers of his Institute or Rule to take the appellation of Minimi the least or unworthiest among men and thence they are commonly called Minims or Minorites One point of mortification whereunto the Regulars of that Order tie themselves by vow besides their three Vows of Chastity Poverty and Obedience is a total abstinence from flesh-meats It is an Order much reverenced in France where the Founder lived and died at Tours an 1507. There were two Convents of these formerly in England the one at Asbridge in Buckinghamshire the other at Edington in Wiltshire Bonifate bonifatus that hath good fortune or fate Boniface bonifacius wel-doer or good and sweet face A name of divers as well Popes of Rome as others Bon-jour Fr. good morrow or good-day Boon Sax. Beuâ— Chaucer Bonâ— a petition or request Bâ—ö◠Gr. a slow working Star in the North Pole near Charles wain which it follows Boras or
or File three Rots of Pikes make a Corporalship but the Musketiers have four Files to a Corporalship three Corporalships of each arms make a compleat Company i.e. nine Rots of Pikes and twelve Rots of Musketiers one and twenty Rots together which amount to the number of 126 men besides all Officers Muster-youngs and Pasvolants four of these Companies being 504 men make a Squadron and three such Squadrons form a perfect Brigade Bar. Brig-bote or Brugbote signifies a Tribute contribution or aid towards the mending of Bridges whereof many are freed by the Kings Charter and hereupon the word is used for the very liberty or exemption from this Tribute And Fleta l. 1. c. 47. saith Brigbote significat quietantiam reparationis pontium Brigid or Bridget contracted also into Bride an Irish name as it seems for that the antient St. Brigid was of that Nation Cam. Brigidians an order of religious persons instituted by Brigidia a Widow Queen of Sweden in the time of Pope Vrbane the Fifth about the year of our Lord 1372. it was as well of men as women albeit they dwelt severally Pol. Heyl. The Nuns of this Order had a noble Convent at Sion in Middlesex built by K. Henry the Fifth Brocado Span. cloth of gold or silver Hence we call that Brocado'd silk or satten which is wrought or mixed with gold or silver and sometimes that is called Brocado'd silk which is wrought with several colours of silk Brocage means used by a Spoaksman or the trade of a Broker Brochity brochitas crookedness properly of teeth or tushes Brocket a red Deer of two years old See Spitter Brodehalfpenny Sax. signifies a Toll or Custom for setting up Tables or Bords in a Fair or Market from which they that are freed by the Kings Charter had this word mentioned in their Letters Patents Insomuch as at this day the freedom it self for shortness of speech is called Brodehalfpenny Brothelty dishonesty bawdery whoredom A Brouch or Ouch monile a jewel to wear about the neck Brownists a dangerous Sect first broached in England by Robert Brown of Rutland-shire about the year 1583. and is in effect pure Donatism vamped with some new Editions Of which see Mr Fuller's Church-History l. 9. c. 268. Bruyere Fr. Heath Ling Hather also a Heath or heathy ground a word much used in Fines and Recoveries e Bruma Lat. The shortest day in the year used also for Winter or December Brumal brumalis belonging to the shortest day winter-like Bubo Lat. a Sâ—ritch-Owle also a botch or sore about the Groin Bubulcitate bubulcito to cry or call like a Cow-herd to play the Neat-herd Buccinate buccino to blow or sound a Trumpet or Horn to publish or blaze abroad Bucculent bucculentus blub-cheeked wide-mouthed Buccentoro or Buccintoro A stately great Galeass or Galley Foist wherein the Duke of Venice with the Senate sail in triumph yearly on Ascension day to espouse the Sea c. See Sands Travels pag. 2. Buckeldians one of those fourteen Sects of Hereticks which Alstedius comprehends under the title of Anabaptists which are 1. Muncerians 2. Apostolicks 3. Separatists 4. Catharists 5. Silents 6. Enthusiasts 7. Libertines 8. Adamites 9. Hutites 10. Augustinians 11. Bucheldians 12. Melchiorites 13. Georgians And 14. Menonists See more of these in Doctor Featlies description of Anabaptists pag. 24. Bucolicks bucolica pastoral songs or songs of Heardsmen Buffoon Fr. Bouffon a Jester or Sycophant merry fool or one that lives by making others merry Buggerie Fr. Bougrerie is described to be carnalis copula contra naturam haec vel per confusionem Specierum sc a man or a woman with a bruit beast vel sexuum a man with a man or a woman with a woman See Levit. 18.22 23. This offence committed with mankinde or beast is fellony without Clergy it being a sin against God Nature and the Law And in ancient time such offenders were to be burnt by the Common-Law 25. Hen. 86.5 Eliz. 17. Fitz. Nat. Br. 269. My Lord Coke Rep. 12. pag. 36. saith that this word comes from the Italian Buggerare to bugger Bulbous bulbosus having round heads in the roots Bac. Bulged or Bilged a Sea-term a ship is said to be bulged when she strikes on a Rock Anchor or the like and breaks off her Timbers or Plancks there and so springs a Leak Bulimy Boulimy bulimia unsatiable hunger great famine Bull bulla properly a gold ornament or jewel for children of a round compass and hollow within made like a heart and used to be hung about their necks and hence the Briefs or Mandats of the Pope are called Bulls from the lead and sometimes golden Seal affixed thereto which Seal Matth. Paris Anno 1237. describes thus In Bulla Domini Papae stat Imago Pauli à Dextris Crucis in medio Bullae figuratae Petri a sinistris See more of these Bulls in Sir Henry Spelmans Glossarium Bulls of Basan properly fat Buls strong powerfull and cruel Enemies Psal 22.12 Many young Bulls have encompassed me Basan was the fruitfull Country of Og and became the Jews by conquest Deut. 3.1 2. Bullary See Boilary Burlesque Ital. drolish merry pleasant Mr White in his Apol. for Tradition Burghgrave Germ. is in Germany a title of honor and signifies as much as Earl or Count of the Castle or Garrison also the Captain or Governor of a Fortress Burlybrand Sax. a great sword Chaucer Burnish from the Italian Brunisce to make a thing glister or look fair by rubbing it Also a term among Hunters when Harts spread their horns after they are fraied or new rubbed Burser See Boursier Bursholder an Head-borough a Ruler or chief Officer in a Borough Butlerage of Wines signifies that imposition of sale Wine brought into the Land which the Kings Butler by vertue of his office may take of every ship An. 1. H. 8. ca. 5. See Prisage Buttress a stay to prop up a wall or building Buxiferous buxifer that beareth box Buxome or Buxum Sax. Boscum pliant amiable obedient merry gentle meek dutifull Buxomness or Bughsomness Sax. pliablness or bowsomness to wit humbly stooping or bowing down in sign of obedience It is now mistaken for lustiness or rampancy Buzzar a Market-place among the Persians Herb. Byram a great Feast among the Turks which is their Carneval and lasts three dayes Byrlaw or Laws of Burlaw leges rusticorum Laws made by Husband-men concerning neighbourhood to be kept among themselves Skene p. 33. By-spel Sax. Bâ—gspel a By-word Parable or Proverb Byssine byssinus silken or which is made of fine flax or cloth C THe Letter C among the Antients denoted Condemnation See A. Cabala Hebr. receptio a receiving Cabala Kabala or Cabalistick are a hidden Science of Divine Mysteries which consists in drawing several senses either out of the same letters of a Hebrew word as they lye first written in the word or by different combinations of them or by changing one letter for another according to art or from the
in fortification a place in a ditch out of which to plague the assailants Cassation from casso a quashing annulling or making void Castalian-Wel a fountain at the foot of Parnassus sacred to the Muses taking name of Castalia a Virgin who as Poets fain flying from the leacherous god Apollo fell down headlong and was turned into this fountain Rider Castifical castificus making chaste pure or continent Castigate castigo to chastise correct reprove or punish Castleward Is an imposition laid upon such Subjects as dwel within a certain compass of any Castle towards the maintenance of such as watch and ward the Castle Mag. Char. c. 20. an 32. H. 8. ca. 48. It is used sometimes for the very circuit it self which is inhabited by such as are subject to this service as in Stows Annals p. 632. Castrate castro to geld to cut off or mangle to take away the strength Castrensian castrensis of a Camp or Army that pertaines to an Host or War Casuist from casus one that writes or is well seen in cases of conscience Casule or Planet casula one of those attires wherewith the Priest is vested when he says Mass resembling the purple robe of derision which the Souldiers put on our Savior saying Hail King of the Jews Tr. of Ma. Cata-baptist Gr. one that abuseth or depraves or is an adversary to the Sacrament of Baptism A Catabaptist may sometimes be no Anabaptist such was Leo Capronymus who defiled the Font at his Baptism yet was not Christened again but every Anabaptist is necessarily a Cataptist for the iteration of that Sacrament is an abuse and pollution of it Dippers dipt Catachrestical Catachrestique from catachresis abusive as when one word is improperly put for another Cataclysm cataclysmus a general flood or deluge a great showre of rain Mr. Evelyn Catadrome catadromus a place where they run with horses for prize a Tilt-yard An Engine which builders use like a Crane in lifting up or putting down any great weight Cataglottism Gr. a kissing with the tongue Cotg. Catagmatical catagmaticus of or belonging to broken bones or to the healing or closing such bones Catagraph catagraphe the first draught or delineation of a picture Cataloguize from catalogus to insert into a catalogue to inroll Catals Chatels In our Common Law it comprehends all goods movable and immovable but such as are in the nature of a Free-hold or parcel thereof Howbeit Kitchin chap. Cat. fol 32. saith That ready money is not accounted any goods or hattels nor Hawks nor Hounds See more in Cow Catalepsie catalepsis occupation deprehension knowledge Also a disease in the head occasioned by a distemper of the brain Catamidiate catamidio to put one to open shame and punishment for some notorious offence to scorn to defame ka me ka thee Catamite catamitus a boy hired to be abused contrary to nature a Ganymede Herb. tr Cataphysick Against nature Cataphor cataphora a deep or dead sleep Cataphrygians A Sect of Hereticks that lived in the time of Pope Soter and the Emperor Commodus about the year of Christ 181. they bore that name because their Arch-leaders Montanus and Apelles were of the Country Phrygia they erred about Baptism rejecting the form that Christ and his Apostles used they baptized their dead held two Marriages as bad as fornication with other wicked Tenets Cataplasm cataplasma properly a medicine or poultis made of divers herbs either bruised or boiled in water and so applied outwardly to the body if there be oyl added after the decoction it is not then called a Cataplasm but an Emplaister Catapult catapulta an antient warlike Engine to shoot Darts or great Arrows a far off and by this name was called not onely the instrument it self but the arrow or whatsoever was shot out of it as Turneb writes in his 15. Advers cap 1. This Engine was also called Balista Cataract cataracta a Portcullis a great fall of water from an high place also a distillation of humors out of the eyes a Flood-gate Catarrhe catarrhus a Rhewm or distillation of waterish humors out of the head into the mouth throat or eyes caused by a cold and sometimes hot distemperature of the brain Catastasis Gr. the third part of a Comedy and signifies the state and full vigour of it Tragedies and Comedies have four principal parts in respect of the matter treated of 1. Protasis 2. Epitasis 3. Catastasis 4. Catastrophe Catastrophe Gr. a subversion the end or last part of a Comedy or any other thing a sudden alteration the conclusion or shutting up a matter or the inclination unto the end as Vitae humanae catastrophe the end of a mans life Catechetical from catechesis pertaining to an Instruction by mouth or book Catechize catechizo to inform or instruct Catecumene catecumenus one lately taught and catechized by mouth or one that is catechized but hath not received the Communion Categorem categorema that part of a proposition which is predicated of the other Categorematical See Syncategorematical Category categoria properly an accusation It is also a term used in Logick and is the same with predicament See Predicament Categorical categoricus plain authentical already resolved on Cotgr. Catenate cateno to link chain or tie Catharians were a branch of the Novatian Hereticks that lived in the third age after Christ They took the name Cathari from the Greek word 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 which signifies clean or pure by reason of the cleanness and purity they challenged to themselves saying they were altogether pure from sin and therefore omitted that clause in the Lords Prayer Forgive us our Trespasses as we forgive c. they denied original sin and the necessity of Baptism with other Heretical doctrines Catharists so called from the Gr. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 i. to purge from certain execrable cleansings or purgings which they used a branch of the Manichean Hereticks that appeared first to the world in the time of Pope Felix the first and of Aurelian the Emperor about the year of Christ 297. They rejected the Sacraments of the Church held oaths to be unlawful and forbidden Christians in all cases c. with other such mad positions Cathartical catharticus pertaining to a purgative or evacuative medicine and such medicines are called Catharticks Cathedral from cathedra of or belonging to a chair Cathedral Church so called from the Bishops chair in every such Church what soever City gives title to a Bishop there onely is a Cathedral Church as at York Worcester Hereford c. but none at Shrewsbury Northampton c. See Parish Cathedrarious cathedrarius of or belonging to a chair or seat Catholicisme catholicismus generality or universality or the Orthodox Faith of the Catholick Church Catholicon Gr. a certain composition in Physick so termed because it purgeth all kind of humors Catholick King a Title peculiar to the King of Spain as Most Christian to France and Defender of the Faith to England Alphonso the first of
foot or ten foot long Decemvirate decemviratus the Office or Authority of those ten Noblemen or Governors among the Romans who were called Decemviri they were appointed to govern the Commonwealth instead of the two Consuls and had the highest Authority from whom none could appeal The Roman Laws were divided into ten â—ables wherto these Decemviâ—s added other two and called them the Laws of the twelve Tables whereof you may read Pomponius Laetus Decennial decennalis belonging to or containing ten years Deception deceptio deceit fallacy craft cosenage Deceptive deceptivus deceitful deceiving wily crafty full of subtilty Decerp decerpo to pluck off or away to gather to diminish Decertation decertatio a contending or striving Decession decessio a departing or diminishing Deciduous diciduus subject to fall off hanging or falling down Decimâ— See Nona Decimate decimo to take the Tenth to gather the Tyth Decimation decimatio the punishing every tenth Souldier by Lot was termed Decimatio legionis also a Tything or paying a tenth part Decirciâ—ate decircino to bring out of compass or roundness to unbind Decision decisio a determining or deciding a cutting off or lessening Decisive decisus deciding determining fit or able to end a controversie And Decisorie Idem Declamation declamatio an Oration made of a feigned subject or only for exercise also a crying out aloud Declarative declarativus which doth declare or shew forth Declivity declivitas a steep bending downwards as on the side of a hill Decoctible decoctibilis easie to be sodden or boiled Decollation decollatio a beheading as the Decollation of St. John Baptist a holy day instituted of old in memory of the beheading St. John Baptist on the twenty ninth of August yearly See Lapidation Decoction decoctio a boiling or seething In Physick it signifies commonly any liquor in which medicinable roots herbs seeds flowers or any other thing has been boyled Decor Lat. comeliness or beauty Decorate decoro to beautifie to make decent Decoration decoratio a beautifying or adorning Bacon Decortication decorticatio a pilling or plucking off the bark Decorticate decortico to pill or pluck off the bark Apol. for learning Decorum Lat. comeliness honesty good grace Decrement decrementum a decreasing Feltham Decrepite decrepitus very old at deaths door whose Candle is almost burnt out Decressant from decresco the Moon decreasing or in the last quarter the wayning of the Moon Decretist decretista a Student or one that studies the Decretals Decretals decretales a Volume of the Canon Law so called or books containing the Decrees of sundry Popes Or a digestion of the Canons of all the Councils that pertained to one matter under one head Decretal taken Adjectively belonging to a Decree Decretaliarck Gr. an absolute Commander one that commands by Decree or whose command is and is obeyed as a Decree Cotg. Decrustation decrustatio an uncrusting a paring away of the uppermost part or uttermost rind Deculcate deculco to tread or trample upon Decumbence from decumbo a lying or sitting down Decumbent decumbens that lyes or sits down or dyes Decuple decuplus ten times so much Decuâ—y decuria a Band of ten Souldiers Also it signified four or five bands of Souldiers each consisting of ten hundred horsemen appointed to be assistant to the Judges sitting upon life and death also the Senators and Judges were divided into Bands called Decuriae and the chief of them was called Decurion Rider Decurion decurio a Captain over ten horse and sometimes it is used for an Alderman or chief Burgess in a Roman Colony Decursion decursio a hasty running a running down or unto Decussated decussatus cut or divided after the form of the letter X or of St. Andrews cross which is called Crux decussata Decussation decussatio a division cut sawn or carved after the form of four lines drawn a cross by one Center star-wise so it makes eight even portions Decutient decutiens that shakes or beats down Dedaleaâ— daedaleâ—s intricate or perplexed also expert or cunning A derivative from Daedalus an expert Artificer who first invented the Saw Axe Sayl and Sail-yards for a ship which gave occasion for the Fable of Daedalus his wings c. Dedecorate dedecoro to dishonest to dishonor or defame Dedentition dedentitio the falling or losing of teeth Dr. Brown Dedignation dedignatio a disdaining or contemning Dedition deditio a yielding or rendring up a place besieged Defailiance Fr. a failing languor faintness defect also a fainting Defalcation defalcatio a pruning or cutting a deducting Defalk Fr. defaulquer to deduct deduce abate take out of Defatigable defatigabilis easily to be wearied Defatigate defatigo to make weary to tire Defâ—caâ—e defaeco to purge from dregs to refine to scum Defecation defaecatio a purging from dregs a refining Defection defectio a falling away a revolting back an infirmity Defeizance or Defeasance from the Fr. Desfaire i. to undo signifies in our Common Law a condition relating to an Act as to an Obligation Recognizance or Statute which performed by the Obligee or Recognizee the act is defeated and made void as if it never had been done whereof you may see at large West part 1. Sym. l. 2. sect 156. and Shep. Epit. p. 775. Defender of the Faith Defensor Fidei is a peculiar title given to the Kings of England by the Pope as Catholicus to the King of Spain and Christianissimus to the French King It was first given by Leo decimus to King Henry the Eighth for writing against Martin Luther in behalf of the Church of Rome The Bull for this Title bears date quinto Idus Octobr. 1521. and may be seen at length in the Lord Herberts Henry the Eighth fol. 105. Stows Annals p. 863. Defensatâ—vâ— is a medicine that keeps humors from coming to a sore or place affected or hinders the inflammation thereof Cotgr. Deficient deficiens fainting or failing Definition definitio est oratio explicans essentiam rei per genus differentiam a declaring what a thing is by a Gender or something that is common to the thing declared and to other things also and by a difference onely agreeing to the thing explicated and distinguishing it from all things else Definition also is a Decree or Determination as the Definition of a Council Definitive definitivus which limits or determines Deflagration deflagratio a burning or inflammation Defletion defletio a bewayling or bemoaning Deflexure deflexura a bowing or bending Defloration defloratio a deflowring or dishonoring Defluxion defluxio a flowing or falling down of humors a looseness Defeneration defoeneratio a taking money upon usury Deforsour comes of the Fr. forceur i. expugnator is used in our Common Law for one that overcomes and casts out by force c. See the difference between a Defâ—rsour and a Desseisor in Cowel on this word Defunct defunctus dead ended Degenerate degenero to grow out of kind to grow base Deglutinate deglutino to unglue or loosen Deglutition deglutitio a devouring or swallowing down also the passage or
Conqueror and King of England in spight to whom and diigrace to his Mother the English called all Whores Harlots a word yet in use among us Cam. Harmonicks harmoniacus melodious or that pertains to harmony which is the accord of divers sounds or notes or an apt proportion Harpyes harpyae monstrous and ravenous birds which Poets feign to have had womens faces hands armed with Talons and Bellies full of ordure wherewith they infected all meat they touched They lived in Stymphalis a lake of Arcadia and were named Aello Ocypete Celeno and Thyella Thus the Poet. Tristius haud illis monstrum nec saevior ulla Pestis ira Deum Stygiis sese extulit undis Virginei volucrum vultus foedissima ventris Ingluvies uncaeque manus pallida semper Or a fame Virg. 3. Aen. Hence t is we usually apply the name of Harpyes to avaricious griping and usurious men Harpocrates the God of silence Hart is a Stag of five years old compleat Budeus de Philologia lib. 2. And if the King or Queen hunt him and he escape a live then he is called a Hart Royal. And if the beast by the King or Queens hunting be chased out of the Forest and so escape Proclamation is commonly made in the places thereabout That in regard of the pastime the beast hath shewed the King none shall hurt or hinder him from returning to the Forest and then he is a Hart Royal proclaimed Hatches or Scutles of a ship are the Overtures or Trap-doors whereat things are let down into the Hold. Haubergeon Fr. the diminutive of Haubert i. a coat of Mail a little coat of Mail. Hauriant See Hariant Hausible hausibilis that may be drawen or emptied Haust haustus a draught in drinking a soop D. Ham. Haw unguis a disease in the eyes so called Hawkers Are certain deceitful fellows that go from place to place buying and selling Brass Pewter and other Merchandize that ought to be uttered in open Market The Appellation seems to grow from their uncertain wandering like those that with Hawks seek their Game where they can finde it You have the word A. 25. H. 8. ca 6. and An. 33. ejusd ca. 4. Those people which go up and down the streets crying News-books and selling them by retail are also called Hawkers and the women that sell them by whole sale from the Press are called Mercury-women Hayboot seems to be compounded of Hay i. sepes and bote i. compensatio the former is French the second Saxon. It is used in our Common Law for a permission to take thorns and frith to make or repair hedges Hayward alias Haward seems to be compounded of two French words haâ—t i.e. sepes a hedge and Garde i. custodia and signifies with us one that keeps the common Herd of the Town and the reason may be because one part of his Office is to look that they neither break nor crop the hedges of inclosed grounds It may likewise come from the German word Herd i. armentum and Bewarren i. custodire he is a sworn Officer in the Lords Court and the form of his oath you may see in Kitchin fol. 46. Headborow is compounded of two words Heosed i. caput and Borhe i. pignus and signifies him that is chief of the Frank pledge And him that had the principal Government of them within his own pledge And as he was called Headborow so was he also called Burow-head Thirdborow Burshoulderz Tithingman Chief Pledge or Burrow-Elder according to the diversity of speech in divers places Of this see Mr. Lamberts Explication of Centuria and his Treatise of Constables and Smith de Repub. Ang. l. 2. ca. 22. It now signifies Constable Heame See Secundine Heave-Offerings of the threshing-floar and of the dough were First fruits paid to the Priest Numb 15.20 See Moses and Aaron p. 219. Hebdomade hebdomada the number of seven as seven years seven moneths or ages but most commonly seven days or a week Dr. Br. Hebetude hebetudo dulness bluntness Hebrews signifies the people which came of Heber the fourth from Shem in whose Family the antient language of the world called Hebrew from his name continued And about the birth of his Son happened that division in the rest of the Languages of the world whereof he was called Peleg or Phaleg i. division See Gen. 11.18 Wilsons Dict. Hecatomb hecatombe a sacrifice wherein were killed an hundred beasts Heck Is the name of an Engin to take fish in the River Owse by York A. 23. H. 8. c. 18. Hectick hectice a Feaver inflaming the heart and soundest parts of the body Hector Priams son by Hecuba who was a terror to the Greeks besieging Troy he was slain by Achilles who despightfully dragged his dead carkass about the walls of Troy because he had before slain his friend Patroclus Hector in our modern acception signifies a roaring Boy that frequents Taverns c. and lives chiefly by the reputation of his sword Hederal hederalis of or pertaining to Ivy the Hederal Crown or Garland was given to Poets and excellent Musitians Fern. 27.33 Hederiferous hederifer that beareth Ivy. Hedonick See Cyreniack Hegesians a Sect of Philosophers so called from Hegesias Disciple to Paraebates Hegira or year of deliverance the Epoch of the Turks their account of time which some call the Hagaren Accompt It fell out 16. July An. 622. of the Incarnation from whence they reckon their years See Epoche Helchesaites so named of a false Prophet called Helchesaus divulged their heresie in the time of Pope Fabian the first These men did altogether reprove the Apostle St. Paul renewing the errors of Cerinthus Ebion and the Nazarians saying it was no sin to deny Jesus Christ in the time of persecution c. Euseb in hist Eccles l. 6. ca. 28. Nicephor in lib. 5. ca. 24. Helcysm helcysma the froth and filth of silver the dross and scum of that mettal Pliny Heliacal heliacus belonging to the Sun We term that the Heliacal emersion of a star when a star which before for the vicinity of the Sun was not visible being further removed begins to appear Vul. Err. 224. Helical helicus pertaining to the sign called Vrsa Major or Charls Wain Helicon a hill of Phocis not far from Parnassus and much of the same bigness consecrated to Apollo and the Muses Hence Heliconian pertaining to that hill Hellebore helleborum an hearb whereof there are two kinds the one called Bears-foot the other Neeswort medicinal for the Frensie Heliotrope Heliotropy heliotropium the herb Turnsole or Waterwort also a precious stone mentioned in Pliny and so called from the Greek because being put into a vessel of water it will seem to turn the rayes of the Sun into the colour of blood Heliotropian pertaining to that herb or stone Helispherical Gr. round as the Sun Helioscopy from the Gr. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Sol and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 meta and so may signifie the furthest point of the Suns course in his
the twentieth part of a drop Kalends See Calends Karobe or Karoble the fruit of the Carobe tree Also the twenty fourth part of a grain one of the least weights used by Goldsmiths Kenne Sax. to see or know within ken i. within view Kenodoxy 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the love study or desire of vain-glory Scapula Kern in Ireland is a kind of Foot Souldier lightly armed with a Dart or Skeyn Antiq. Hibern p. 33. and 57. We take a Kern most commonly for a Farmer or Country Bumpkin Ketchef from the Fr. Couver chef i. to cover the head a linnen cloth that old women wear on their heads and hence Handkerchef though improperly King of Heralds Rex Heraldâ—rum is an Officer at Arms who has the preheminence of this Society See Harold This Officer among the Romans was called Pater Patratus Kings Evil A disease or swelling so called Edward the Confessor King of England was of that holiness of life that he received power from above to cure many diseases among others this of the Kings-Evil A Prerogative that continues as some think hereditary to his Successors of England Heyl. Keâ—l Belg. Kiel the bottom of a ship Keâ—e Sax. pottage a word still used in the north of England and in Scotland So Kelemuâ—t signifies Pottage-hearb which we to this day corruptly call Cole-worts Verstegan Kichel Sax. a Cake which Horace calls Libum Vtque sacerdotis fugitivus liba recuso It was of old with us called a Gods Kichel because Godfathers and Godmothers used commonly to give one of them to their Godchildren when they asked blessing Chaucers Interpret Kilderkin from the Belg. Kindeken Kenneken octava Cadi pars Dioscorides saith it is eleven Gallons and a Quart Agricola and Junius thirteen Gallons and a half Kym-Kam See Camoise Kin the antient diminutive of our Saxon tongue as Perkin is as much as little Peter Comkâ—r little Thomas and the like Kintal Span. Quintal is a certain weight of Merchandize to the value of an hundred or something under or over according to the divers uses of sundry Nations This word is mentioned by Plowden in the Case of Reniger and Fagossa Knave Sax. Cnaâ—a a boy or childe was not of old used as a name of disgrace or contempt as now it is but as the name of some kind of Servant or Lacquey as Scyld-Knapa was he that carried a noble persons Shield c. Verst See Esquire Kit-Kaies The fruit of the Ashen tree they are little narrow husks hanging together in clusters wherein is contained the â—eed of the Ash which is bitter This provokes Urine and is sought by some for other purposes Bull. Knight a title of dignity was heretofore by our Ancestors written Cnight and in the modern Teutonic it signifies Rider and answers to the French Chevalier which may be Englished a Horseman and so agrees with Eques in Latin Verst Knights Fee feudum militare is so much inheritance as is sufficient yearly to maintain a Knight with convenient Revenue which in Henry the thirds days was but fifteen pounds Cam. Brit. p. 111. But Sir Tho. Smith in his Repub Angl. l. 1. ca 18. rates it at forty pounds And I find in the Statute for Knights A. 1. E 2. ca. 1. that such as had twenty pound per an in Fee or for life might be compelled to be Knights Stow in his Annals p. 285. saith There were found in England at the time of the Conqueror 60211 Knights Fees Others say 60215. wherof the Religious houses before their suppression were possessed of 28015 Knights Fee is sometime used for the Rent that a Knight pays for his Fee to the Lord of whom he holds and this an uncertain sum some holding by forty shillings the Shield some by twenty shillings as appears by Bracton lib. 5. Tract 1. cap. 2. My Lo. Coke in his ninth Book of Reports saith A Knights Fee is estimated by the value of the Land viz. 20 l. annual An Hide of Land is as much as one Plough can break up in a year Relief the fourth part of the annual value of the Land viz. of a Knight 5 l. of a Baron 100 Marks an Earl a 100 l. a Marquis 200 Marks a Duke 200 l. Knighten gyld was a Gyld in London consisting of nineteen Knights which King Edgar founded giving them a portion of void ground lying without the City wall now called Portsoken Ward Stows Annals p. 151. Knights service an ancient tenure of Lands by which a man was bound to bear Arms in War for defence of the Realm But is now abolished by Act 1656. ca. 4. Knipperdollings a sort of Hereticks who took name from one Knipperdolling who lived in Germany about the year 1535 was contemporary with John of Leyden a follower of Muncer in matters of doctrine Lo. Herb. H. 8. Knoll Sax. Cnollâ— the top or cop of a Hill or Mountain a familiar word in Herefordshire as Birchers Knoll c. And in Scotland they call those Knolls of peace which are Mounts cast up by the labor of men in Latin Dumi pacis Korban See Corban Kyrie eleison omnibus linguis à Gr. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 i. domine and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 i. miserere ab 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 i. misericordia q. miserere Domine Lord have mercy on us So Christe eleison i. Christ have mercy on us In the Greek Church these words are of great esteem and often repeated by their Priests and are also used in the Latin Church both in the Mass and Litany L LAbarum Gr. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 a Church Banner a Flag or Streamer for the War Eusebius Pamphilus lib. 1. de vita Constantini describes this peculiar Standard very curiously The common form you may see in the 163 page of the Elements of Armories In the Labarum these things are more First The Banner was of purple where the pictures of the Emperor and his Children were wrought in gold and stones of wonderful value and beauty above the cross beam or traverse Staff of the Banner stood the two first Greek Capitals of Christs name and on the point or top of the Launce or Staff Imperial was advanced a Crown of gold set with precious stones All in honor of his miraculous conversion upon the apparition of the Cross Labdacismâ— labdacismus or rather lambdacismus from the Greek Letter 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 or 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 is when the Letter L is pronounced with too much force as when one says ellucet for elucet Labefaction labefactio a weakening or enfeebling a loosening or destroying Labial from labium a lip pertaining to the lips Labile labilis unstable unconstant that will soon or or easily fall Laboriferous laborifer that takes pains that endures labour painful difficult Laboriosity laboriositas painfulness laboriousness or laborosity Labrador Spa. a laborer a Ploughman a Country Swain Labrous labrosus that hath a brim bank or border Also that hath great lips Labyrinth labyrinthus a Maze or
consecrated to Apollo because on mount Parnassus there grew great store of it Some affirm it has the property not to be hurt by lightning therefore the Cock resorts thereto in Tempests as Natural Historians testifie conform to which is the Imprese of him who caused to be painted a Cock under a Laurel with this Motto SIC EVITABILE FVLMEN Lauriferous laurifer that beareth Bays or Lawrel Law of Arms jus militare is a Law that gives precepts and rules how rightly to proclaim War to make and observe Leagues and Truce to set upon the enemy to retire to punish offenders in the Camp to appoint Souldiers their pay to give every one dignity to his desert to divide spoils in proportion and such like for further knowledge whereof read those that write de Jure Belli Laws of tâ—e Twelve Tables See in Tables Lawless man is he qui est extra legem an Out-law Bract. l. 3. tract 2. c. 11. num 1. Law of Marquâ— or Mart This word is used 27. Ed. 3. Stat. 2. c. 17. and grows from the German word March i. limes a bound or limit And the reason of this appellation is because they that are driven to this Law of Reprizal take the Goods of that people of whom they have received wrong and can get no ordinary Justice when they can catch them within their own Territories or Precincts See Reprisal and Marque Law Merchant is a Priviledge or special Law differing from the Common Law of England and proper to Merchants and summary in proceeding An. 27. Ed. 3. Stat. 8 9 19 and 20. An. 13. Ed. 1. Stat. 3. Lawing of Dogs See Expeditate Mastiffs must be lawed every three years Crom. Jurisd fol. 163. Laxation laxatio an easing releasing or freeing Laxity laxitas loosness wildness liberty Lazer so called of Lazarus mentioned in the Gospel a poor man full of soars and scabs Lazuleâ— lazulus a blewish stone a kind of marble of which they make the colour Azure it is sometimes also used in Physick and is in operation hot and dry Lazzareto Ital. an Hospital for sick folks a Pest-house League Ital. and Span. legua Lat. leuca from the Gr. leucos i. white because they did in old time pitch white stones at every leagues end from the City The difference of miles in several Countries is great but it will be enough to know that the Italian and English are reckoned all for one though some hold the Italian to be the lesser and four of these make a German mile two a French league three and somewhat more a Spanish league the Swedish or Danish mile consists of five English miles and somewhat more a league at Sea is usually held to be three English miles Leander a young man of Abidos who was in love with Hero Lectern or Lectorn with Chaucers Interpreter is a Desk I suppose he means a Reading-Desk in a Church which in old Latin is called Lectrinum Lectistern lectisternium was among the antient Romans the solemn Ceremony of trimming and setting out a bed not for repose but repast wherein they laid the Images of their Gods reared upon Bolsters and Pillows The principal whereof was that in the honour of Jupiter at the Epulum Jovis whereon Jupiter was laid Juno and Minerva sitting on either side by him Livie Lector Lat. a Reader Lecture a Reading Leero corruptly from Lyra is a way of tuning or playing on the Viol different from that of Alphonso Leet Is otherwise called a Law day Smith de Repub. Angl. lib. 2. ca. 18. This Court in whose Mannor soever it is kept is accounted the Kings Court and is commonly held every half year c. See more Kitch fol. 6. Legacy See Devise Legality legalitas the keeping the Law also lawfulness Legation legatio an Embassage the Office of an Embassador Legate legatus an Embassador an Orator a Leiger The Popes Embassador hath most usually this tittle See Nuntio Legatary legatarius the party to whom a Legacy is given or made Legend from lego a writing also the words that are about the edge of a peece of coyn The golden Legend so called is a book of the lives of Saints Legerdemain Fr. Legier de main i. light of hand swiftness of hand cousenage Hocus Pocus tricks Legible legibilis that may be read Legiferous legifer that makes or gives Laws Legion legio an Army or Band of men At first Romulus his Legion consisted of 3000 footmen and 300 horse after of 4200 foot and 300 horse and after that 5000 foot and 300 horse Isid 9.3 saith a Legion consisted of 6000 armed men which number is seldom or never exceeded as it appears by Sigonius de jure Rom. l. 1. cap. 15. The Romans did very seldom enroll into their universal Army above four Legions and in an ordinary Legion ten Cohorts every Cohort containing three Maniples every Maniple two Centuries every Century 100 Soldiers Goodw. p. 175. Legionary legionarius of or pertaining to a Legion Legislator Lat. a Law-giver or Law-maker Legislative legislatus that hath power or authority to make or give Laws Legister Lat. a Lawyer Chaucer Legitimate legitimus lawful right meet just Leguminous from legumen belonging to pulse or pease Leman pallaca a married mans Concubine Lemnian lemnius pertaining to the Isle Lemnos Lemnian-earth is Vermilion or Red-earth Lenity lenitas softness smoothness meekness easiness to please Lenitude the same Lenitive that is apt to soften asswage or pacifie Lenonian lenonius belonging to a Bawd Lentiginous lentiginosus that is full of freckles or pimples like Lentils Lentil lens a kind of small pulse growing in hot Countries round and flat of colour sometimes black sometimes white and sometimes brown being boyled but once they loose the belly but at the second boyling in another water they are of a binding nature being then good to stop the bloody Flux or any looseness of the body Lentiscine lentiscinus of or belonging to the Mastick tree Lent Sax. The Spring-Fast a time of fasting for forty days next before Easter so called from Lenct-monaâ— or length moneth by which name the old Saxons called March because then the days began first to exceed the nights in length And they call this Fast Lent from the name of the said moneth because the most part of it falls within the compass of this month Verst Lent was first commanded to be observed in England by Ercombert the seventh King of Kent before the year of our Lord 800. Sir Rich. Bakers Chron. fol. 7. But Mr. Fuller says the first Lent kept in England was in the year 640. Cent. 7. fo 81. Lentisk lentiscus a tree growing in divers hot Countries which bears the notable Gum called Mastick Its Leaves and Bark stop all loosness and issues of blood Lentour lentor a clammy or glewish humor Bac. Lentous lentus soft tender pliant or limber idle Lenvoy from the Fr. Envoy or L'envoy a message or sending also the conclusion of a Sonnet or Ballade in a short Stanza by
Council was held Ann. 314. to which there assembled three hundred and eighteen Bishops to beat down the Arrian Heresie Nices or Niches from the Italian Nichi the hollow places in a wall wherein Statues or Images are set A term in Architecture Nicete Fr. sloth idleness slackness simplicity hence our word nicety which we commonly use for coyness daintiness curiosity Nicholaitans so called from Nicholas the Proselyte of Antioch one of the seven Deacons which were instituted with Saint Stephen by the Apostles a sort of Hereticks that held it lawful to have their wives common c. St. John makes mention of them in his Apocalypse where speaking of the Church of Pergamus he saith Thou hast them that hold the doctrine of the Nicholaitans Nicholas Gr. Conqueror of the people Nicodemites a sort of late Reformists in Switzerland so called because they profess their Faith in private as Nicodemus did to Christ Nicotian Fr. Nicotiane Span. Nicociana Tobacco so called from John Nicot who first sent that weed into France from Portugal where he was Ambassador Leiger for the French King about the year 1560. Near which time and at which place he made that great French and Latin called Nicots Dictionary Nictation nictatio a winking or twinkling with the eyes Nidgeries Fr. Nigeries fopperies fooleries trifles Nidifice nidificium a Nest such as Birds make Nidifie nidifico to build or make a Nest Niding old English signifies an abject base-minded false-hearted coward In former time this word was of great force in England For when there was a dangerous Rebellion against King William Rufus c. after he had but proclaimed that his Subjects should repair to his Camp upon no other penalty but that who ever refused should be reputed a Niding they swarmed to him immediately from all sides in such numbers as he had in few days a great Army and the Rebels were so terrified therewith that they forthwith yielded Nidor Lat. the savor of any thing burned or rosted sometimes brightness Nidulation nidulatio a building or making a Nest Night-Mare See Incubus Nigrifie nigrefacio to make black Nihilifie nihilifacio to set nothing by to dis-esteem to make no account of Nigromancy See Necromancy Nihil dicit is a failing to put in answer to the Plea of the Plaintiff by the day assigned upon which failure Judgment passeth against him as saying nothing why it should not Nil Belg. niet i. nihil the sparkles or ashes that come of Brass tried in the Furnace Nilus a great River running through Ethiope and Egypt famous for the vertue of its water which overflowing this Country makes it wonderful fertile many years after This River is in length almost three thousand miles Nimbiferous nimbifer that brings storms or showrs Nimbot Fr. a Dwraf Dandiprat or little Skipjack Nimietie nimietas too great abundance Nimious nimius too much excessive over-great superfluous Ningid or Ninguid ninguidus where much snow is Nisi prius is a Writ Judicial which lies in case where the Enquest is panelled and returned before the Justices of the Bank the one party or the other making Petition to have this Writ for the ease of the Country c. It is called Nisi prius of these words contained in the same Nisi die Lunae apud talem locum prius venerint c. See Assize Nitid nitidus clean neat gay trim fair bright Nitidity nitiditas cleanness brightness trimness Nitor Lat. the same Nitre nitrum a Salt-resembling substance of colour ruddy and white and full of holes like a Spunge some late Writers mistake it for Salt-petre Nitrouâ— nitrosus having the savor of Nitre having stuff in it whereof Nitre is made full of Nitre Nival nivalis Niveous niveus pertaining to Snow white or cold like Snow snowy Nixu the gods of Child-bearing Nobless Fr. Nobility Gentry Generousness Nobiliâ—ate nobilito to make noble to promote to Dignity Noceâ—t nocens that hath done a trespass or injury that hurteth or endamageth a person guilty or that hath offended Nocive nocivus that doth harm hurtful noyous Noctiferous noctifer that betokens or brings night the evening Star Noctivagant noctivagus that wandreth by night Nocturnal nocturnus belonging to the night nightly or in the night time Nocturne nocturnum a part of the Office or certain Psalms and Prayers so called because they are said Nocturno tempore about midnight Nocument nocumentum hurt or damage Nocuous nocuus that doth harm hurtful Nodosity nodositas knottiness knobbiness Nodous nodosus knotty full of knots knurs joynts or difficulties curious or scrupulous Noli-me-tangere i Do not touch me An Herb so called because its seed being ripe fpurts away so soon as it is touched Also a disease of thâ—t name being a piece of flesh growing in the Nostrils in such sort as it often stops the wind and the more it is touched the worse it grows Nomarck Nomarcha he that hath the preheminence in the ministration of Laws as a Major or other like Officer Nomarchie nomarchia a jurisdiction or Majoralty a Law a County or Shire a Territory about some City Nombreil from the Fr. Nombril i. a Navel in Heraldry it signifies the lower part of a Scutcheon divided by the breadth into three even parts The Fesse being the middle and the Honor Point the upper part Guill Nomenclator Lat. Quasi nominis calator he that knows the names of things and calls them thereby a common Crier in a Court of Justice a Bedel or like Officer to whom it belongs to know by heart the names offices and crafts of all the Citizens thereby to instruct such as among the Romans did stand for any Office that they might speak to them more gently Thomasius Nomenclature nomenclatura the numbring of names or Surnames of sundry things the office of the Nomenclator Nominal nominalis of or belonging to a name Nominalia A Feast among the Romans to Females they gave the name on the eighth day to Males on the ninth which they called Dies lustricus as it were the cleansing day on which they solemnized this Feast and as Turtullian notes Fata adscribenda advocabantur that is as I conceive their Nativities were set The Athenians gave names on the tenth day others on the seventh Nomination nominatio a naming or appointing it is used both by the Common Lawyers and Canonists for a power that a man by vertue of a Mannor or otherwise hath to appoint a Clerk to a Patron of a Benefice by him to be presented to the Ordinary Nomographer 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 a Writer of the Law a Legislator Nomothesie Gr. the making publishing or proclaiming a Law Nona Decima and Morra the three fatal Ladies whom the Greeks call Clotho Lachesis and Atropos Nonability is in our Law an exception against any person that disables him to commence a Suit Non est factum Lat. is an usual Plea to a Declaration whereby a man denies that to be his Deed whereon he is impleaded Nonage Fr. non aage i.
oppicatio a covering with pitch Opium Lat. or Opiate the juyce of black Poppy sold dry by Apothecaries It is sometimes used in Physick to cause sleep or to asswage excessive pain but then it must be mixed with other things and given with great discretion for taken alone it will cast one into a deadly sleep being cold and dry in the fourth degree Bul. Oppidan oppidanus a Citizen or Townsman Oppignorate oppignoro to lay in pledge to gage or pawn Oppilation oppilatio an obstruction or stopping the Liver or other chief entrals Oppilative oppilatus obstructive stopping shut up Oppletion oppletio a filling up Opportune opportunus meet for the purpose fit convenient in due time and as it ought to be Opposite oppositum a contrary Aristotle makes four kinds of Opposites first those that are relativè opposita as the Husband and Wife the Master and Servant c. which have reference each to other Secondly those which are Contraria as Right and Wrong Ignorance and Science c. Thirdly Those that are privativè opposita as Light and Darkness Sight and Blindness which succeed and deprive one another The fourth and last kind of Opposites are those which in Propositions and Clauses are Contradicentia the one affirming and the other negative c. J. Doderidge Opprobrious opprobriosus reproachful in words upbraiding reviling taunting Oppugn oppugno to assault to batter to lay seige unto to fight against Also to reason against a thing earnestly Opsimathie opsimathia a learning when one is old Opsonator Lat. a buyer or purveyor of meats a Cater a Manciple Optable optabilis that is to be desired wished or looked for Optation optatio choyce opinion wishing desiring Optative optatum a wish or desire It is also used adjectively as wishing for or that desireth Optick Optical opticus pertaining to the sight Optick sinews are those which bring the vertue of seeing to the eyes So the Optick Science is that by which the reason of sight is known Art speculative Optimacy from optimates a Government in a Commonwealth by noble or other chief persons Optimitie optimitas utility great profit excellency Option optio choyce or election Optive See Adoptive Opulencie opulentia riches abundance plenty wealth Opulent opulentus rich plentiful wealthy abundant Opuscule opusculum a little work a little labor Or Fr. Gold In Heraldry it signifies gold colour Ore ora the end or extreme part of any thing a Region Land or Country Thus Lempsters Ore is that fertile part of Herefordshire which lyes about two miles round that Town Oracle oraculum a Sentence Council or Answer given by God also a notable saying or judgement a Prophesie or Prediction Among the Gentiles these Oracles were but illusions of the Devil who answered for the most part doubtfully in Idols to questions made to him As a great Prince going to the Wars and demanding of the Oracle what success he should have had this ambiguous answer given him Ibis redibis nunquam per bella peribis Which he thus commaing Ibis redibis nunquam per c. ventured on the War and was slain There were two principal places of Oracles one of Ammon in Lybia the other at Delphi in Booetia at the first Jupiter in this Apollo were said to give answers These Oracles ceased at the coming of our Saviour Oracular pertaining to an Oracle Oral from Os oris pertaining to the Mouth Visage face look favor or voyce Oratory oratorium a place wholly dedicated to prayer a Closet a private Chappel to pray in Oratorians a Religious Fraternity or Order instituted the last age by St. Philip Nerius a Florentine Priest They took name from the place first frequented by them for their exercises of Preaching and Catechising which was the Oratory of St. Hierom in Rome Orbation orbatio a depriving or bereaving one of his goods or of any other thing poverty Orbical Orbicular orbicus round like a circle circular Globie Orbiculated orbiculatus made round in the form of a circle or compass Orbitie orbitas the want of children on the Parents part the want of parents on the childrens part any want or privation Orchal orca a stone like Allum used sometimes by Dyers to raise a red colour Ordael or Ordeal ordalium signifies as much as judgement and is compounded as some say of two Saxon words Or a privatitive as A in Greek and dael i. â—ars q Expers But it is artificially used for a kind of purgation practised in antient times whereby the party purged was judged Expers criminis called in the Common Law Purgatio vulgaris and utterly condemned by Pope Steven the second There was of this four sorts one by Kampfight not unlike our Duel The second called Fire-Ordeal which was for the accused to pass blindfold with bare feet over hot Plowshares c. of which see Mr. Fullers hist Cent. 11. p. 141. The third was hot water-Ordeal by putting his arms up to the elbows in seething water c. The fourth was cold water-Ordeal like the late used trial of Witches Of these at large see Verstegan p. 50 51. and Lambert in his explication of Saxon words Verbo Ordalium where he expresses such superstitions as were used in it Mr. Manwood part 1. pag. 15. But Hotom especially disput de feud ca 41 c. Ordalian Law was that Law which instituted the Ordael aforesaid and was long before the Conquest but did continue of force in England till the time of King John in whose days it was abrogated as Pol. Vir. Holinshed Supplimentum Chronicorum witness Ordinal ordinale is properly a Book of Direction for Bishops to give holy Orders and for other things belonging to their Function but sometimes used for a Book containing the Orders and Constitutions of a Religious House or Colledge Ordinary ordinarius though in the Civil Law whence the word is taken it signifies any Judge that has authority to take knowledge of Causes in his own right as he is a Magistrate and not by deputation yet in our Common Law it is most commonly and usually taken for him that hath ordinary Jurisdiction in causes Ecclesiastical See Brook and Linwood hoc titulo Oreads oreades Fairies of the mountains Oredelf is a liberty whereby a man claims the Ore found in his own ground It properly signifies Ore lying under ground as a Delf of Coal is coal lying in veins under ground before it is digged up Orfraies aurifrisium frizled cloth of gold made and used in England both before and since the Conquest worn both by the Clergy and the Kings themselves as may appear out of Math. Paris where he speaks of the Ornaments sent by the Abbots of England to the Pope and also by a Record in the Tower where the King commands the Templars to deliver such Jewels Garments and Ornaments as they had of his in keeping among which he names Dalmaticum velatum de Orefreis that is a damask garment guarded with Orfraies Of old the Jackets or Coat Armors of
be so much as six Oxen will plough Cromp. Iurisd fol. 220. But an Ox-gang seems properly to be spoken of such as lies in Gainour Old nat br fol. fol. 117. Mr. Skene de verbor signif verbo bovata terrae saith an Ox-gang of land should always contain thirteen Acres and that four Oxen-gates extended to a pound land of old extent Oxymel Gr. a Potion or syrrup made of honey vinegar and water sod together good to cut and cleanse gross flegmatick humors sometimes there are boyled certain roots and seeds with it and then it is called Oxymel composiâ—um sometimes it made with honey vinegar and the Sea Onion and then it is named Oxymel Scylliticum which also is of two sorts to wit simple and compound See Dioscor l. 1. c. 22. Galen l. 4. de sanit tuend Oxyporopolist oxyporopola he that sells meat in sharp sawce or syrrup Oyer and Terminer audiendo terminando in true French Oüir and Terminer is in the intendment of our Law a Commission especially granted to certain persons for hearing and determining one or more causes This was wont to be in use upon some sudden outrage or insurrection in any place Crompt Jurisd fo 131. See Assize Oyes a corruption from the Fr. Oyez i. hear ye and is used by Criers in our Courts of Law when they make Proclamation of any thing Ozena Gr. a disease or sore in the Nose causing a stinking savour P PAbular Pabulous pabularis pertaining to Fodder Provender Forrage or meat for Beasts Br. Pabulatory the same Pacal pacalis that brings or signifies peace peaceable Pacator Lat. a pacifier asswager or quieter Pace passus a pace in going a step or stride of these there are two sorts Passus minor vel simplex the measure of two feet and a half which is usually the distance from the toes of the fore-foot to the heels of the hinder foot Passus major sive Geometricus a Pace or fathom of five foot and by this Pace miles are measured In some places they reckon three foot and an half to the Pace Tho. Paciferous pacifer that brings peace and quietness Pacification pacificatio a pleasing peace-making quieting or appeasing Pacifiquâ— Pacificatory pacificatorius of or belonging or serving to make peace and quietness Paction pactio an accord bargain or agreement That Truce which in time of war is concluded upon and accepted of both sides for a certain limited space of time is properly called Paction Pactitious pactitius done by bargain or upon condition or agreement Pactolus a River in Lydia having sandy gravel like gold therefore feigned to have gold in its waters Paddock from the Belg. Padde a Toad Paean Gr. a hymn or song of praise made to Apollo at such time as any plague or pestilence raged and also after the obtaining some victory or triumph as Jo Paean Ovid an exclamation or outery uttering the joy which one hath by any prosperity or welfare Paduenâ—agâ— Fr. common of pasture in one or divers parishes Cotg. Paganalian from Paganalia of or belonging to Wakes Plough-mens Feasts or Country Holy-days Paganical paganicus pertaining to the Country or to Villages Paganism paganismus Heathenism Gentilism the religion or state of the Gentiles also the custom of Country men Page pagina the side of a leaf in a book some confound folio and page when as a folio or leaf properly comprehends two rages others cite a Book by folio's when it is in a large volume and by pages when in a small Paginal from pagina of or belonging to a page Paged an Idol or false god among the East Indians so called Paillardise Fr. Lechery Whoredom Venery also villany wickedness any filthy or beashly humor Paillardizâ— Fr. paillarder to lecher haunt Bawdy-houses to commit Whoredom Païsage Fr. Landskip Country work See Landskip Paladin Fr. a Knight of the round Table also a sort of Nobility in some Countries so called Palate palatum the upper hollow part of the mouth wherein the sence of tasting lies as in the tongue Palatiâ—aâ— pertaining to or that pleaseth the palate Palatinate or County Palatine is a principal County or Shire having as it were the same authority as the Palace or Kings Royal Court hath Of these County Palatines there are four in England viz. Lancaster Chester Durham and Ely An 5 Eliz. 1. cap. 23. But An. 33. H. 8. ca. 10. mention is made of the County Palatine of Hexam Vnde quaere See Cassan de consuet Burg. p. 14. Palatine Fr. Palatin a general or common appellation or title for such as have any special Office or Function in a Sovereign Princes Palace This is the title of the Prince Elector Palatine of Trevers and had its origen à magno Palatio Treverensi Min. Palatine from palatum of or belonging to the Palat or roof of the mouth Hence Palatine letters are such as are pronounced by the help of the Palate as G T R c. Palatine palatinus of or belonging to a Palace or Princes Court It may also be taken for the Hill Palatinus in Rome of which see Esquilinus Paleated paleatus made or mingled with chaff full of chaff or straw Pale Matlle Fr. a game wherein a round bowle is with a Mallet struck through a high arch or iron standing at either end of an Alley which he that can do at the fewest blows or at the number agreed on wins This Game was heretofore used at the Alley near St. Jameses and vulgarly called Pel-Mell Paleous from palea of or belonging to chaff corn or straw Br. Pales a Goddess of the Shepherds Palestrical palaestricus of or pertaining to wrestling that useth or teacheth wrestling also that which is done decently with comely gesture of the body Palindromes Gr. are those sentences or verses where the syllables are the same backward as forward As a noble Lady in Queen Elizabeths days being for a time forbidden the Court for too much familiarity with a great Lord in favour gave this Devise the Moon covered with a cloud and underneath this Palindrome for Motto Ablata at alba Roma tibi subito motibus ibit amor And this in English which is more difficult to compose Lewd did I live and evil I did dwel Palingenesie palingenesia regeneration new birth or second nativity Palinode Palinodie palinodia a recantation a contrary song an unsaying that one hath spoken or written the sound of the retreat Palizado Span Palizada Fr. Palissade a defence or wall of Pales or Stakes or the pointed Stakes in a Fortification to hinder the enemies scaling the Work a term in War Also taken for great posts set up in the entry to a Camp for a defence against great shot Pall pallium a Mantle such as the Knights of the Garter wear a long Garment or Robe which Philosophers wore But it is most used for a Pontifical Vesture made of Lambs Wooll in breadth not exceeding three fingers and having two Labels hanging down before and behinde which the Pope gives or sends
the personality when t is brought against the right person or when the Action is properly personal not real or mixt Personate persono to sound out or perfectly to make a great noise But Personato from persona is more commonly taken to represent the person of another Pâ—rspective from perspicio the Art of advantaging the sight by the help of glasses and other contrivances Perspicacy Perspicacity perspicacia quickness of sight understanding or perceiving a thing ready apprehension Perspicience perspicientia perfect knowledge full perceiving a thing Perspicuity perspicuitas clearness plainness properly in words and sentences Perspirable from perspiro that may or is able to breath through Br. Perspiration perspiratio a breathing through It is as it were a breathing or vaporing of the whole body through the skin Bac. Perstringe perstringo to wring hard to touch a thing sharply in speaking or writing c. Also to deceive Perterebrate perterebro to pierce or bore thorow with a wimble Pertical perticalis belonging to a Perch or Pole Pertinacy pertinacia obstinacy stubbornness stiffness in opinion sometimes it is taken in the good part for perseverance constancy Pertingeâ— pertingens extending reaching or joyning near unto Pertingency a reaching or joyning near unto Pervade pervado to go and enter over all through or into to scape or pass through or by Dr. Charl. Pervagation pervagatio a straying up and down a wandring through or about Perversity perversitas maliciousness of nature where we do overthwartly that we ought not to do frowardness Pervert perverto to overthwart to turn upside down to subvert corrupt destroy A Pervert one that is turned from good to evil as Convert is the contrary Pervicacy pervicacia obstinacy â—teadiness stiffneckedness sometimes perseverance constancy Pervise pervisum a Bar also a conference in former time called the Pervis among the young Councellors Pleaders Attorneys or Students of the Law such as at this day might resemble the course in the Inns of Court or Chancery called Moots and Bolts wherein the form of pleading and arguing a case is exercised for so doth Fortescu chap. 51. commending those Laws prove when he saith That after the Judges were risen at eleven of the clock from hearing Causes at Westminster Placitantes tunc se divertunt ad Pervisum alibi consulentes cum Servientibus ad legem aliis Conciliariis suis Pervious pervius that may be gone in or through that is easie to be passed over or through Perwick or Perwig from the Belg. Perruâ—ck or Fr. perrúque i. a tuff or lock of hair a cap of false or counterfeit hair Peruvians people of Peru in the West Indies so called Pessary pessus is made of soft wool in form of a finger and is a kind of suppository for the secret parts of women Br. Pessundate pessundo to tread or cast under feet to put down or to the worst to cast to the ground as a horse doth his rider Pestarable Wares seem to be such Wares as pester and take up much room in a ship An. 32. H. 8. c 14. Pestiferous pestifer deadly unwholesome that brings death pestilence and destruction Petalism petalismus from 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 1. a leaf a kinde of banishment for five years among the Siracusians practised by writing the parties name whom they would be rid of in an Olive leaf as at Athens they wrote upon shells Petard or Petarre Fr. petart an Engin of War made like a Bell or Morter wherewith strong Gates are burst open Petaurist petaurista a Dancer on the Ropes a Tumbler a runner upon Lines Petauristick pertaining to tumbling vaulting or dancing upon Ropes Peter Gr. for which the French use Pierre and our Ancestors used Pierce a name of high esteem among Christians since our Saviour named Simon the son of Jona Cephas which is Syriack and by interpretation a stone John 1.42 But fool-wisely have some Peters called themselves Pierius Cam. St. Peter ad vincula see Gule of August Peter-pence Denarii sancti Petri otherwise called in the Saxon tongue Rome-feoâ— i. the fee of Rome or due to Rome and also Rome-scot and Rome-penning was a tribute given by Ina King of the West-Saxons being in pilgrimage at Rome about the year of our Lord 626. which was a penny for every Chimney that smoaked in England Lamberds Explication of Saxon words verbo Nummus Whom see also fol. 128. in St Edw. Laws num 10. See also King Edgars Laws fol. 78. c. 4. Stow in his Annals p. 76. saith He that had thirty penny worth of Goods of one kind in his house of his own proper was to give a penny at Lammas yearly see Rome-scot Petitory petitorius belonging to a Petition or request Petrel see Pectoral Petrification petrificatio a making stony a turning into stone also a disease in the eye and eye-lids Petrifie from Petra to make become stonish or of a hard nature Br. Petrobrusiany a sort of Hereticks that held Christians ought not to keep or observe Feasts c. Petrol petroleum a kind of Marle or Chaulky Clay or rather a substance strained out of the natural Bitumen It is for the most part white but sometimes black and being once set on fire can hardly be quenched see Napthe Petronel Fr. petrinal a horsemans peece first used in the Pyrenean Mountains which was hanged at the Brest ready to shoot Petti-fogger from the Fr. petite and Belg. Foken vel Fâ—yken i. convasare a silly Advocate a petty Attorney or Lawyer or rather a Trouble-Town having neither Law nor Conscience Petty Sergeanty a tenure of Land holden of the King by yielding him a Buckler Arrow Bow or such like see Capite Petty Treason Fr petit Trahison Treason in a lesser or lower kinde If a Servant kill his Master a Wife her Husband a Secular or Religious man his Prelate these are Petit Treasons An. 25. Edw. 3. cap. 2. Whereof see more in Stawnf Pl. Cr. l. 1. c. 2. Cromp. J. of Peace f. 2. For the punishment of Petit Treason see An. 22. H. 8. cap. 14. Petulancâ— petulantia wantonness malepertness impudency reproachful speaking Petulant petulans wanton dishonest reproachful fawcy Pexiâ—y pexitas the long roughness of the Web. Pâ—oeâ—omenon Gr. an appearance either in Heaven or in the Air. Sir H. Wotton Phagâ—denick phagaedenicus that hath or pertains to a kind of Pock or running Cancer which frets through the skin and eats the flesh Phalanx Lat. a military Squadron consisting of eight thousand footmen set in such array that they might encounter with their enemies foot to foot man to man shield to shield Polybius l. 5. says the Phalanx contained above twenty thousand but these numbers still altered Phalangarians phalangarii Souldiers of the Army Phalanx Phalangeary Phalangeous of or pertaining to Phalanx Br. Phalaris Bull Phalaris was a Tyrant of Sicily who tormented Perillus the Artificer first in the brasen Bull he made for the destruction and torture of others whereupon aptly Ovid nec enim lex justior ulla
Angels c. See Epiphan Haeres 9. 14. and Moses and Aaron p. 48. Sambenito Span. or Sanbenito properly santo Benito St Benet but it is usually taken for a coat of course Sackcloth in which Penitents in Spain are reconciled to the Church And in that respect it may be called Sanbenito quasi Saco benedicto a blessed Sackcloth Sambuâ— sambuca an instrument of Musick which we commonly take for a Dulcimer Also an Engin of War set by a rowling Tower which by Ropes and Pullies clapt the Bridge suddenly from the Tower to the besieged walls Samian samius of or pertaining to the Isle Samos or to an earthen pot or a Whetstone because there were good ones in that Isle Samplar a corruption from Examplar a pattern or copy to imitate an extract or draught most used for a pattern of several sorts of needle-work Sampson Heb. there the second time Samuel Hebr. placed of God Sanable sanabilis that may be healed curable Sanative sanativus healing curing Bac. Sance Bell campana sancta the sanctus Bell a little Bell formerly in every Church which was rung when the Priest said Sanctus sanctus sanctus Dominus Deus Sabaoth Sâ—tification sanctificatio a hallowing sanctifying or making holy a separation of things or persons from common or prophane use Sanctiloquent sanctiloquus that speaks holily Sanctimony sanctimonia holiness devoutness religiousness Sanction sanctio a Law a Decree established also a penal Statute Sanctuary sanctuarium a holy or sanctified place as Temple Church or Chappel In the old Law it was the most holy place of the Tabernacle wherein God gave visible tokens of his presence Psal 20.2 And more particularly it is a place priviledged by the Prince for the safe-guard of offenders lives being founded on the Law of Mercy and on the great reverence and devotion which the Prince bears to the place whereunto he grants such a Priviledge Of this you may read Stawnf pl. Cor. lib. 2. ca. 38. This seems to have taken beginning from the Cities of Refuge which Moses appointed them to flie unto for safeguard of their lives that had casually slain a man Exod. 21. In bastardly imitation whereof first the Athenians then Romulus erected such a place of immunity which they and he after them called Asylum The Emperors of Rome made the places of their own Statues or Images and Churches also places of Refuge as appears Cod. l. 1. tit 15. But among all other Nations the antient Kings of England seem to have attributed most to these Sanctuaries permitting them to shelter such as had committed both Felonies and Treasons so that within Forty days they acknowledged their fault and submitted themselves to banishment During which time if any man expelled them if he were Lay he was Excommunicated if a Clerk he was made irregular but after forty days no man might relieve them see Fleta lib. 1 cap. 29. And how by degrees they have been taken away you may read partly in him and partly in several Statutes Sanctum Sanctorum i.e. the Holy of Holys was the holiest place of the Jewes Temple where the Ark was kept and whereinto none entred but the High Priest and he but once a year Sandal Heb. sandal Lat. sandalium a Slipper or Pantofle also a kind of old fashioned shoo open and fastned with Latchets on the Instep such as religious persons wear Also Sandal or Saunders santalum a precious wood brought out of India whereof there are three kinds to wit red yellow and white Saunders They are all of a cooling nature especially the red which is often used in Physick against hot diseases Sandarack sandaracha the best red Arsenick or Orpine a bright Painters red whereof there are two kinds one the right and better found in Mines of Gold and Silver the other made of burned Ceruse Sanglant Fr. bloody bleeding embrued or full of blood Sanglier Fr. a wilde Bore five years old Sanguinary sanguinarius cruel thirsty bloody desirous of or delighted in shedding blood Sanguine Sanguineous sanguineus bloody full of blood cruel red Sanguin colour is a blood red colour or my Ladies Blush Sanguin in Heraldry signifies a murrey colour but is commonly taken for a complexion most inclineable to blood Sanguin flesh caro sanguinea is that which is engendred of blood of which sort is the flesh compounded in the Muscles the Heart and the rest of Sanguin Substance the Anatomists call it the proper flesh and Exanguis the improper Sanguinolent sanguinolentus bloody full of blood merciless Sanhedrim or Sanhedrin Hebr. Synedrion or Synedrium Gr. signifies generally the place where Counsellors meet to consult of and determine matters also the Assembly it self But by an appropriation of the word it is commonly taken for the highest Court of Judicature or supreme Council of the Jews which consisted of the High Priest and seventy Seniors or Elders from which number it was called by them in Hebrew words signifying Domus judicii septuaginta unius i. a Court of seventy and one Judges and it was as it were their Parliament to consult about to judge and decide the greatest matters that could arise in their Ecclesiastical or Civil Common-wealth as to determine the Controversies that might happen concerning their High Priest true and false Prophets differences betwixt Nation and Nation Tribe and Tribe c. This High Court was first by the commandment of God instituted in the Wilderness by Moses whilst under his conduct the children of Israel were on their journey out of Egypt towards the Land of Promise and afterwards it continued still in vigor till our Saviors Passion Besides this great Sanhedrim called Sanhedrim Gedola the Jews had two lesser or inferior to it the one consisting of three Judges to the Examination and Decision of which Court the most petty actions were subject As private Quarrels Thefts and the like this they called by words of their Language signifying Domus judicii trium virum The Court of three Judges The other consisted of twenty and three and so was termed Domus judicii viginti trium to whose Court belonged the Decision of weightier Sutes and capital Causes These Courts were erected in several places according to the exigence and commodity of their Country whereas their other supreme Court after their possession of the Land of Promise and the settlement of their Common-wealth was only held in Jerusalem Jews might appeal from those inferior Courts to this but from this there lay no appeal Four kinds of death were in their power Stoning Burning Sword Strangling and they fasted all that day when they condemned any to death See Moses and Aaron p. 189. The Talmudists use the word Sinhedriin for the aforesaid great Council Synedrians synedri are the Counsellors Judges or Members of that Court. Sanity sanitas health soundness good estate of wit and memory Saniacks or Sansiakes are Governors of Cities among the Turks Sante Santoâ— or Sancton Span. a holy man a great Saint Saphire sapphirus a precious stone
book containing the Officers of the King of Englands Court as it was antiently governed wherein he whom we now call Sewer was called Asseour which comes from the Fr. Asseoir to settle or place wherein his Office in setting down the meat is well expressed And Sewer as it signifies such an Officer is by Fleta Latined Assessor a setter down lib. 2. ca. 15. Sexagesima Sunday is always the Sunday next before Shrove Sunday and is so called either for being the sixth before Passion Sunday or the second before Quadragesima Sunday reckoning backward from Quadragesima to Quinquagesima and thence to Sexagesima and so to Septuagesima Sexennial sexennis that is six years old or of six years standing Sextant sextans a coin less then that called Quadrant by the third part a certain weight being two ounces by some called Obolus by others the sixth part of any measure sum or quantity that is divided into twelve parts also two inches The sixth part of Jugerum Varro Sextantary sextantarius belonging to that measure or weight Sextary sextarius a measure or weight the Roman Sextary contains of Wine or wheat two pound Roman that is 24 ounces a pound and an half averdupois weight less then the Paris pint by eight ounces You may try it following Glareans rule by making a measure four inches long by square three inches deep and as many broad which is the true Sextary according to this account it is just our pint and a half for in our Wine pint are but sixteen ounces Physicians assign but eighteen ounces or at the most twenty to Sextarius and then it is but two or four ounces more then our pint Sextarius after Geo. Agricola contains two Heminae one pound measure and eight ounces that is twenty ounces or inch measures Sextarius of Oyl is sixteen ounces five drams one scruple of wine 18 ounces and an half two Siliquies two grains and two third parts of a grain Tho. Sexte a part of the Canon Law added to the decretals Sexten seems to be corrupt from sacristan which see Sextery see Sacristy Sextile or Sextilian moneth Sextilis the moneth of August so called because it is the sixth from March which was the first moneth of the year with the Romans Shackbolt or Shackle a prisoners Bolt a Fetter or Give Sextule sextula the sixth part of an ounce that is a dram and a scruple also a measure of Land Sextuple sextuplus six-fold or that contains or is made of the number six A time in Musick containing six Crotchets to a Bar appropriated chiefly to Sarabands Shallop from the Fr. Schalupe or Lat. Scapha a Boat or perhaps from shallow-up because being a small Vessel it goes up into shallow places a small Boat so called Also a kind of Shel-fish Shamots or Chamois a kinde of wilde Goat whose skin being rightly dressed makes our true Shamois Leather Shafment is a kinde of measure used in some parts of England and is the breadth of a mans hand and the length of the thumb Shamsheer the usual Sword among the Persians not unlike the Turkish Scymitar for Mr. Herb. saith it is crooked like a Crescent and sharp as a Razor Fol. 147. Shash is the whole piece be it long or short of fine linnen of which the Turbant is made but the name of the Linnen is Telbent whence we falsly call that which a Turk wears about his head a Turbant whereas the true name is Saruck and the Turks themselves so call it it comes from Sarnack which signifies to joyn about or to swathe Shaw in the Persian Tongue is a King and Potshaw an Emperor Herb. Tr. Shekel see Sicle Sherbet or Serbet in the Persian Tongue it signifies pleasant liquor is a kinde of drink in great request both in Turkie and Persia and is compounded of juyce of Lemons Sugar Amber and other ingredients another sort of it is made of Violets Honey juyce of Raisons and the like Others say Sherbet is an Arabic word and signifies drink in general Sherry Sack so called from Zeres a Sea Town of Corduba in Spain where that kind of Sack is made Scewage see Scavage Skeyn a kinde of long knife or short sword antiently and still used by the Irish Kernes Antiq. Hiber p. 57. Shibboleth or Schibboleth Hebr. i. spica by the pronounciation of this word the Galaadites who fought for and under Jepthe the Judge of Israel discovered the Ephramites to be their enemies and not Galaadites as they pretended to be for their safety for when they were taken by the true Galaadites at the passages over Jordan through which they endeavored to escape they ceuld not pronounce Shibboleth or Schibboleth but Sibboleth which cost two and forty thousand of them their lives at that time Judges cap. 12. Hence the word is usually taken for a word of trial to discern Citizens from Aliens Friends from Foes See Pichigni Shilo or Shiloh Hebr i. missus is mentioned in the Prophecy of Jacob where it is said The Scepter shall not depart from Judah till Shiloh come that is till our Saviour come Gen. 49.10 The word signifies a Prosperer or Safe-maker Waters of Shiloah see in Waters Shingle from the Teut. Schindel that from Scindo a Slate or Lath of wood to cover houses Shingles à cingendo a disease about the Brest Belly or Back the place affected looking red and increasing circle-wise more more it is chiefly cured with Cats blood if it go round the body it kils Shoud a Justice of Peace among the Turks Shrew a kind of Field-Mouse which if he go over a beasts back will make him lame in the Chine and if he bite the beast swels to the heart and dies Gesn From hence came our English phrase I beshrew thee when we wish ill and we call a curst woman a Shrew Shrift or Shriving Sax. perhaps from Scrinium quasi revelare peccata ab intimo scrinio was antiently taken for auricular Confession Shrove-tide from the Sax. Shrive or Shrift and the Belg. Tyde i. tempus a time of shriving or confessing sins for about that time the Roman Catholicks use to confess their sins and receive the Blessed Sacrament to the end they may the more religiously observe the holy time of Lent then immediately ensuing Shrine scrinium that which contained the body of a Saint or the place where such a body was buried or intombed Sialoquent sialoquus that spits much in his speech Sibilate sibilo to whistle or hiss Bac. Sibils see Sybils Siccaneous siccaneus dry of nature that hath no Rivers or Springs to water it Siccifical siccificus that has power to make dry Siccity siccitas driness drouth lack of sap or moisture barrenness Sicilian Vesperas see Vesperas Sicle or Shekel siclus from the Hebrew shakel i. librare as well a kind of coyn both of Silver and Gold as a weight among the Jews on one side of the silver Shekel was carved a pot with Manna and this Inscription in Hebrew
or setting forth Vendition venditio a sale or selling Venefice veneficium the art or craft of poysoning poysoning sorcery Venefick Veneficial Veneficious veneficus that poysoneth venemous poysonfull Veneniferous venenifer that bears poyson venemous Venenous venenosus full of poyson or venom Venerate veneror to reverence worship or honor Venereal Venereous venereus disposed to lechery lecherous lustful fleshly lascivious Venereal disease See Morbus Gallicus Venerie venus eris carnal lust lechery fleshly wantonness carnality Venew See Venue Veniable from venia pardonable Dr. Br. Venial venialis that may be forgiven without much difficulty pardonable Sin is either original or actual the first is a privation of original justice which we inherit from our first parent Adam being all by course of nature conceived and born in that privation or original sin The latter is a thought word or deed contrary to the Law of God and this Actual sin is by many Divines divided into mortal and venial Mortal sin they account any great offence against the charity of God or our neighbour and to be so called because it kills the soul and robs it of the spiritual life of grace Venial sin is any small and pardonable offence against God or our neighbour as the stealing an apple or a pin an idle word or such like Vent ventus wind a blast air breath also a bruit or report a place for air to come in and out at Ventilet a diminitive of vent a little wine a small puff gentle gale coole blast of winde Ventiduct from ventus and duco a conduit or conveyance of winde as an Aqueduct is of water Ventilate ventilo to gather winde to give a vent to fan or winnow corn Also to turn out of one hand into another Ventoy from the Fr. ventau a fan Ventosity ventositas windiness Ventricle ventriculus the place wherein the meat sent from the stomack is digested some use it for Epigastrium others take it for the stomack it self a little belly Ventricles of the heart are two large holes one on the right the other on the left side thereof that the greater and closed within a slender flesh contains the natural blood this of a harder substance contains the blood wherewith our Arteries are nourished and thereupon that is called the bloody this the spiritual Ventricle Ventriloquist ventriloquus one that hath an evil spirit speaking in his belly or one that by use and practise can speak as it were out of his belly not moving his lips Ventripotenâ— ventripotens big-paunch'd belly-able huge-gutted Venue or Visuâ— from vicinus a Law term of frequent use and signifies the next or neighboring place to that where any thing that comes to be tried is supposed to be done 35 H. 8.6 Venundate venundo to buy and sell Venus the goddess of lust also lust it self venerie unchastness lechery also among Alchimists the mettal copper also one of the seven Planets See Saturn the day or mornin Star Venus Escuage is used for Knights or nights service to Ladies Quid facies facies Veneris cum veneris ante Ne sedeas sed eas ne pereas per eas Venustate venusto to make beautiful fair or sightly Vepricosous vepricosus full of briars or brambles Veracity veracitas a speaking truth or the quality or vertue of saying truth Verbal verbalis that is of or that descends of a word In Grammer those words are called Verbals which come from some verb as amabilis from amo Lector from Lego c. Verbality verbalitas a belongingness to a word or verb a fulness of words Verbatim Lat. word by word that which is precisely spoken according as it was delivered before Verberable verberabilis that may be or is worthy to be beaten Verberate verbero to beat punish or strike Verbigerate verbigero to speak to talk to noise abroad Verbosity verbositas much talking or speaking talkativeness Verdan from the Fr. verd green fresh lively new in prime Verd-grease or vert-grâ—ceâ— a green substance made of the rust of Brass or Copper which hath been hanged certain dayes over strong vinegar It is of a fretting nature and therefore to be used with great discretion Verderer or Verdor Fr Verdier a Judicial Officer of the Kings Forrest a great part of whose office is touching the vert i. the wood and grass in the Forest Verde or Verdea a kind of white Muscadine wine made in Toscany which is sometimes brought into England in bottles Verdict veredictum is the answer of a Jury or Inquest made upon any cause civil or criminal committed by the Court to their consideration or tryal And this Verdict is two-fold either general or special Stawnf pl. Cor. lib. 3. cap. 9. Verditure is one of the names of green Colour among Painters whereof they have four most uâ—ual Green Bice Verditure Vert Greece Sap-green Verdure Fr. Verdeur greenness or green things as herbs c. a raw or natural sowrness in wine fruits c. Verecund Verecundous verecundus modest shamefac'd demure bashfull Verdoâ— a term in Heraldry when a bordure is charged with leaves fruits flowers and the like Verge Fr. a rod yard or wand also a Sergeants Verge or Mace It is also used for the compass about the Kings Court that bounds the jurisdiction of the Lord Steward and Coroner of his House and seems to have been twelve miles compass Anno 13. R. 2. Stat. 1. cap. 3. Fitzh Nat. Br. fol. 241. B. Britton fol. 68. b. 69. a. Fleta lib. 2. cap. 2. and Cokes Reports lib. 4. fol. 47. a. For this see the Statute of 33 Hen. 8. cap. 12. But Fleta saith this compass about the Court is called Virgata à virga quam Marishallus portat ut signum suae potestatis lib. 2. cap. 4. Sect. 1. Verge hath also another signification being used for a stick or rod whereby one is admitted Tenant who holding it in his hand swears fealty to the Lord of a Mannor and for that cause is called Tenant by the the Verge Old Nat. Br. fol. 77. Verger Fr. or Virger from Virga one that bears a Verge or white wand before a Magistrate c. Vergobert Fr. a Mayor or Burgomaster Among the ancient Heduanes it was an yearly elected chief Officer or Magistrate that had power of life and death Veridical veridicus that says or speaks truth Veriloquy veriloquium the true exposition of a word the Etymology or right meaning of a word Also a Speech or Report Veriloquent as Veridical Verisimility verisimilitas great likelihood or true likeness of a thing Dr Br. Vermiculated vermiculatus eaten with worms also embroidered wrought with checquer work or with small pieces of divers colours representing sundry pictures as we see in Tables and Counters Vermillion Fr. Vermillon a ruddy colour made of Brimstone and Quicksilver Also Gules in Armory See Cinnaber Vermination verminatio a disease with worms properly in cattle a vehement ache by the wringing of the Guts as if they were gnawn with worms Vermiparous vermiparus that brings
the Lord of the Manor who has such Franchise of VVaif may seize the Goods so waived to the Lords use who may keep them as his own proper except the owner come with fresh Sute after the Felon and sue an Appeal or give in Evidence against him at his Arraignment upon the Indictment and he be attainted thereof c. In which cases the first owner shall have restitution of his Goods so stoln and waived Also if a man be pursued with Hue and Cry as a Felon and leaves his own Goods c. these shall be taken as Goods waived and forfeited as if they had been stoln VVaived also belongs to a Woman that being sued in Law contemptuously refuseth to appear as the word Outlawed doth to a man For Women cannot be out-lawed because they are not sworn in Leets to the King nor to the Law as men are so that a Man is said Out-lawed or without the Law to which he was sworn and a Woman waived Waldenses a Sect or Congregation that took name from one Waldo of Lions in France about the twelfth Century and held They were not bound to make profession of their Faith denied the real Presence Purgatory c. And condemned the eating of Flesh Eggs and Milk c. See Rosses View p. 223. Wakes or Country Feasts were most usually kept on the Sunday next after that Saints day to whom the Parish Church was dedicated And these Feasts took Origin from a Letter written by Gregory the Great to Melitus Abbot sent into England with St Austin in these words It may therefore be permitted them the English that in the dedication days or other solemn days of Martyrs they make them Bowers about the Churches and Feasting together after a good religious sort kill their Oxen now to the refreshing of themselves to the praise of God and encrease of Charity which before they were wont to offer up in Sacrifice to the Devil c. Bede Eccles Hist c. 30. And they may be called Wakes because on the Vigil of those Feasts people were wont to watch and pray or to awake from sleep at the several Vigils of the night but now that Religious custom is prophanely converted into rude Sports and Gluttonous Feasting for the most part Waiter Germ. a mans name from Waldher for so it is most antiently written a Pilgrime according to Reneccius others make it a Wood-Lord or Wood-man Cam. Wapentake is all one with that which we call a Hundred as appears by Bract. lib. 3. Tract 2. cap. 1. num 1. In some Counties they are called Hundreds in others Wapentakes c. Wardmote is a Court kept in every Ward in London An. 32. Hen. 8. cap. 17. ordinarily called among the Citizens the VVardmote Court Wardwit alias Ward wyte is to be quit of giving money for keeping Watch and Ward Stows Survey Warp from the old Saxon awarp or awurp to throw or cast hence we still say a board warps or casts and in some parts of England we call a Moul a Mouldwarp which is as much as to say a Cast-earth Versteg Wards and Liveries a certain Court erected in Hen. the Eighths time and put down by Act. 1656. ca. 4. A Wash of Oysters is ten Strikes Wassail or Wassale on Twelf-day at night or on New-years Eve The Origin in the words of Verstegan thus Lady Rowena Neece to Hengistus having invited King Vortiger to a supper at his new built Castle called Thong-Castle caused her after supper to come forth of her Chamber into the Kings presence with a Cup of gold filled with Wine in her hand and making in very seemly manner a low reverence to the King said with a pleasing grace in our antient Saxon Language Waes heal hâ—aford Cyuing which is according to our present Speech Be of health Lord King for as was is our Verb of the preter-imperfect tence signifying have been so Waes being the same Verb in the Imperative Mood and now pronounced was is as much to say as grow be or become and Waesheâ—l by corruption of pronounciation afterwards became Wassaile The King not understanding what she said demanded it of his Chamberlain who was his Interpreter and when he knew what it was he asked him how he might answer her in her own Language whereof being informed he said unto her Drinc heal i. Drink health c. Verst p. 101. Some say t is Wassale quasi wash your throat with Ale Waters of Shiloah properly Waters which came from a Fountain at the Root of Mount Sion and ran through Jerusalem with a still and quiet course Therefore in Nehemiah 2. it is called the Dragons or Serpents Well because the Waters of it crept gently as a Serpent but Figuratively it denoted the promise of help to the men of Jerusalem against the Kings of Syria and Israel from Gods power alone without hiring forein forces to repel their enemies Isa 8.6 The waters of Shiloah which run so softly See Psal 46.4 Wilson Watling-street is one of the four ways which the Romans are said to have made here in England and called them Consulares Praetorias Militares Publicas This Street is otherwise called Weriam-street and leads from Dover to London Dunstable and so to Westchester An. 39 Eliz. cap. 2. The second Street is called Ikenild-street beginning Ab Iconis who were the people inhabiting Norfolk Suffolk and Cambridgeshire as Mr. Camden declares in his Brittan pag. 345. The third is called Fosse the reason of the name he giveth because he thinks it was ditched of each side The fourth is called Ermyn-street c. Of these read more in the said Author pag. 43 44. And in the first Volume of Holinsheds Chronicle cap. 19. Wave-Offerings were certain loaves which were enjoyned to be paid as the first fruits of every years increase Levit. 23.17 See Moses and Aaron p. 219. Weald of Kent is the woody part of the Country Cam. Britan pag. 247. Verstegan says Wald Weald and Wold differing in Vowel signifie one thing to wit a Forest or Wood for so the Teut. Wald also signifies Yet I have observed in Leicester and Yorkeshires those places are now called Wolds which have little or no Wood on them but it is very probable the woods thereof have been cut down since they received that denomination From this word Wald came Waltham Forest antiently called Waldham Forest And Waldegrave an antient name in Norfolk took denomination from the disposing and over-seeing the Forest for so much the name imports Wea-bit or Way-bit is a word used in the North of England where if you ask how far 't is to such a place they answer a mile and a VVay-bit by which is understood a mile and vantage or a mile and better I finde iâ— written Wea-bit but conceive it should be Way-bit quasi a bit or part of a way Weapon Salve is that by which a wounded person is said to be cured by applying it to the sword or weapon that made the wound and