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england_n john_n king_n time_n 9,801 5 3.7758 3 true
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ID Title Author Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication) STC Words Pages
A87530 A looking-glasse for the Parliament. Wherein they may see the face of their unjust, illegall, treasonous and rebellious practices, 1 Against Almighty God. 2 Against their King. 3 Against the fundamentall lawes of the kingdome. 4 Against their own oaths and covenants. Argued betwixt two learned judges, the one remaining an exile beyond the seas, the other a prisoner for his allegiance and fidelity to his King and country. Jenkins, David, 1582-1663.; R. H.; Heath, Robert, Sir, 1575-1649, attributed name. 1648 (1648) Wing J595; Thomason E427_17; ESTC R202656 43,342 52

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a_o looking-glass_n for_o the_o parliament_n wherein_o they_o may_v see_v the_o face_n of_o their_o unjust_a illegal_a treasonous_a and_o rebellious_a practice_n 1_o against_o almighty_a god_n 2_o against_o their_o king_n 3_o against_o the_o fundamental_a law_n of_o the_o kingdom_n 4_o against_o their_o own_o oath_n and_o covenant_n argue_v betwixt_o two_o learned_a judge_n the_o one_o remain_v a_o exile_n beyond_o the_o sea_n the_o other_o a_o prisoner_n for_o his_o allegiance_n and_o fidelity_n to_o his_o king_n and_o country_n print_v in_o the_o eight_o year_n of_o the_o parliament_n tyranny_n and_o oppression_n 1648._o to_o the_o reader_n courteous_a reader_n whosoever_o thou_o be_v that_o shall_v peruse_v this_o ensue_a discourse_n we_o desire_v thou_o to_o do_v it_o with_o candour_n and_o without_o prejudice_n of_o opinion_n before_o thou_o have_v wary_o read_v it_o serious_o consider_v it_o and_o advise_o weigh_v it_o and_o when_o thou_o have_v so_o do_v if_o thou_o shall_v 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quia_fw-la nullis_fw-la claustris_fw-la coercetur_fw-la nullis_fw-la metis_fw-la refraenatur_fw-la nullis_fw-la finibus_fw-la premitur_fw-la it_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v constrain_v or_o bridle_v with_o any_o bond_n nor_o restrain_v to_o any_o place_n for_o a_o man_n though_o he_o may_v abjure_v his_o country_n or_o his_o kingdom_n yet_o he_o can_v abjure_v his_o allegiance_n nay_o he_o can_v alien_n give_v a_o way_n or_o withdraw_v his_o allegiance_n from_o his_o king_n by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n to_o his_o king_n prejudice_n though_o he_o shall_v gain_v his_o liberty_n freedom_n of_o estate_n and_o honour_n or_o advancement_n unto_o the_o bargain_n for_o st._n augustine_n say_v nemo_fw-la jure_fw-la naturae_fw-la cum_fw-la alterius_fw-la detrimento_fw-la locupletior_fw-la fieri_fw-la debet_fw-la no_o man_n by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n ought_v to_o be_v make_v rich_a by_o the_o loss_n of_o another_o but_o if_o i_o withdraw_v my_o allegiance_n the_o king_n have_v lose_v a_o subject_n therefore_o i_o may_v not_o do_v it_o neither_o can_v the_o king_n release_v it_o to_o any_o of_o his_o subject_n it_o be_v a_o inseparable_a accident_n adherent_a in_o the_o person_n of_o a_o king_n and_o be_v due_a omni_fw-la soli_fw-la et_fw-la semper_fw-la to_o every_o king_n under_o heaven_n from_o his_o own_o natural_a subject_n it_o be_v due_a to_o every_o king_n and_o always_o to_o king_n and_o only_o to_o king_n by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o it_o be_v only_o due_a to_o his_o person_n and_o not_o to_o his_o office_n which_o be_v only_o imaginary_a and_o invisible_a and_o nowhere_o formal_o to_o be_v find_v but_o in_o his_o person_n as_o by_o the_o say_a case_n of_o calvin_n more_o full_o appear_v hereupon_o i_o conclude_v that_o allegiance_n be_v due_a by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n to_o the_o king_n person_n and_o that_o i_o neither_o can_v abjure_v it_o nor_o alien_a it_o or_o withdraw_v it_o from_o he_o nor_o he_o release_v it_o to_o i_o and_o that_o it_o be_v only_o due_a to_o he_o and_o to_o no_o other_o i_o can_v take_v this_o oath_n and_o keep_v it_o without_o violation_n of_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o manifest_a injury_n both_o to_o myself_o and_o sovereign_n king_n quia_fw-la jura_fw-la natura_fw-la sunt_fw-la immutabilia_fw-la the_o law_n of_o nature_n be_v immutable_a as_o before_o be_v observe_v and_o be_v plain_o hold_v forth_o by_o bracton_n l._n 1._o cap._n 6._o and_o doctor_n and_o stud._n cap._n 5._o 6._o and_o so_o from_o this_o point_n of_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n england_n i_o come_v to_o show_v that_o this_o negative_a oath_n be_v absolute_o against_o the_o know_a settle_a and_o establish_v law_n of_o the_o land_n the_o reason_n be_v because_o if_o i_o take_v it_o and_o keep_v it_o it_o withhold_v i_o from_o the_o performance_n of_o my_o duty_n of_o allegiance_n which_o be_v due_a to_o my_o king_n from_o i_o by_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n and_o so_o i_o be_o inform_v by_o the_o book_n of_o law_n this_o term_n or_o word_n allegiance_n be_v render_v unto_o we_o under_o divers_a name_n in_o our_o law_n book_n as_o sometime_o it_o be_v call_v fides_fw-la or_o faith_n as_o bracton_n l._n 5._o tract._n de_fw-fr exceptionibus_fw-la cap._n 24._o fol._n 427._o and_o so_o fleta_n l._n 6._o cap._n 47._o alienigena_fw-la repelli_fw-la debet_fw-la in_fw-la anglia_fw-la ab_fw-la agendo_fw-la donec_fw-la fuerint_fw-la ad_fw-la fidem_fw-la regis_fw-la angliae_fw-la alien_n ought_v to_o be_v keep_v from_o act_v in_o england_n till_o they_o shall_v be_v of_o the_o allegiance_n of_o the_o king_n that_o be_v by_o endenization_n so_o glanvil_n l._n 9_o cap._n 1._o salva_fw-la side_n debita_fw-la domino_fw-la regi_fw-la et_fw-la heredibus_fw-la suis_fw-la that_o be_v save_v our_o faith_n or_o allegiance_n due_a to_o the_o king_n and_o his_o heir_n so_o littleton_n l._n 2._o in_o chap._n homage_n where_o i_o do_v my_o homage_n to_o my_o lord_n salve_fw-la le_fw-fr foy_fw-fr du_fw-fr a_fw-fr nostre_fw-fr senior_fw-la le_fw-fr roy_fw-fr save_v the_o faith_n which_o i_o owe_v to_o our_o lord_n the_o king_n and_o in_o the_o statute_n of_o 25._o e._n 3._o de_fw-la natis_fw-la ultra_fw-la mare_fw-la these_o word_n faith_n and_o allegiance_n be_v couple_v together_o as_o signify_v one_o thing_n sometime_o it_o be_v call_v obedientia_fw-la regis_fw-la our_o obedience_n to_o the_o king_n as_o in_o the_o book_n of_o 9_o e._n 4._o 6._o 7._o 2_o r._n 3._o 2._o and_o in_o the_o statute_n of_o h._n 8._o 14._o cap._n 2._o and_o 22._o h._n 8._o 8._o and_o in_o the_o book_n of_o 22._o ass_n pl._n 25._o it_o be_v call_v ligealty_n but_o by_o what_o name_n soever_o it_o be_v call_v whether_o faith_n obedience_n ligealty_n or_o allegiance_n all_o be_v one_o it_o be_v due_a still_o from_o we_o subject_n to_o our_o sovereign_a lord_n the_o king_n by_o the_o statute_n of_o 10_o r._n 2._o cap._n 5._o and_o 11._o r_o 2._o cap._n 1._o 14._o h._n 8_o cap._n 2._o and_o many_o other_o the_o people_n be_v call_v liege_n people_n and_o by_o the_o statute_n of_o 34._o h._n 8._o cap._n 1_o and_o 35._o h._n 8_o cap._n 3._o and_o divers_a other_o the_o king_n be_v style_v liege_n lord_n of_o his_o subject_n and_o these_o that_o be_v bind_v under_o the_o king_n power_n be_v call_v his_o natural_a liegeman_n as_o in_o the_o 4._o h._n 3._o fitz._n title_n dower_n and_o 11._o e._n 3._o cap._n 2._o so_o that_o i_o may_v conclude_v upon_o these_o authority_n that_o ligeantia_fw-la est_fw-la vinculum_fw-la fidei_fw-la domin●_z regi_fw-la our_o allegiance_n be_v the_o bond_n of_o our_o faith_n to_o the_o king_n which_o be_v so_o we_o may_v well_o say_v of_o it_o as_o sir_n edward_n cook_n do_v that_o ligeantia_fw-la est_fw-la legis_fw-la essentia_fw-la our_o allegiance_n be_v the_o essence_n of_o the_o law_n and_o so_o it_o have_v be_v often_o and_o sundry_a time_n declare_v by_o many_o and_o sundry_a wise_a temperate_a and_o well_o advise_a parliament_n of_o england_n the_o government_n of_o king_n in_o this_o isle_n of_o britain_n have_v be_v very_o ancient_a even_o as_o ancient_a as_o history_n itself_o for_o those_o who_o deny_v the_o story_n of_o brutus_n to_o be_v true_a do_v find_v out_o a_o more_o ancient_a plantation_n here_o under_o king_n namely_o under_o samothe_n grandchild_n to_o japhet_n the_o son_n of_o noah_n from_o who_o the_o ancient_a britain_n that_o inhabit_v this_o land_n be_v according_a to_o their_o conceit_n descend_v king_n or_o monarch_n of_o great_a britain_n have_v and_o do_v exercise_v far_o more_o large_a and_o ample_a power_n and_o do_v claim_v great_a prerogative_n over_o the_o people_n under_o their_o government_n and_o jurisdiction_n than_o the_o king_n of_o england_n have_v do_v since_o the_o norman_a conquest_n as_o it_o be_v to_o be_v see_v at_o large_a both_o in_o the_o british_a chronicle_n and_o record_n of_o these_o time_n and_o in_o our_o english_a history_n and_o may_v also_o be_v gather_v out_o of_o the_o writing_n of_o the_o roman_n who_o invade_v this_o island_n and_o live_v here_o upon_o the_o place_n and_o i_o do_v not_o find_v that_o ever_o the_o people_n of_o britain_n make_v any_o of_o their_o king_n by_o election_n of_o voice_n or_o put_v they_o out_o at_o pleasure_n but_o that_o the_o kingly_a government_n and_o right_n of_o the_o crown_n descend_v always_o by_o hereditary_a descent_n and_o succession_n though_o in_o that_o infancy_n of_o law_n and_o right_n it_o may_v be_v suspect_v that_o there_o be_v not_o so_o much_o regularity_n of_o justice_n or_o observation_n of_o right_a as_o in_o these_o latter_a and_o more_o refine_a age_n have_v or_o aught_o to_o be_v i_o may_v bold_o affirm_v and_o it_o can_v be_v deny_v by_o any_o ●●at_a have_v read_v all_o the_o chronicle_n and_o statute_n of_o this_o realm_n that_o there_o have_v be_v any_o king_n of_o england_n since_o the_o conquest_n that_o have_v not_o be_v acknowledge_v by_o both_o house_n of_o parliament_n of_o their_o several_a time_n to_o be_v sovereign_a lord_n of_o this_o realm_n and_o their_o sovereign_a lord_n too_o although_o that_o some_o of_o those_o king_n be_v only_o reges_fw-la de_fw-la facto_fw-la and_o not_o de_fw-la jure_fw-la king_n only_o in_o fact_n and_o not_o of_o right_a and_o such_o as_o by_o the_o law_n of_o england_n have_v no_o right_a to_o the_o crown_n and_o all_o the_o parliament_n since_o the_o conquest_n have_v acknowledge_v that_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n and_o the_o government_n of_o the_o realm_n have_v belong_v to_o the_o king_n of_o hereditary_a right_n and_o not_o by_o election_n some_o of_o these_o parliament_n in_o more_o express_v and_o particular_a manner_n than_o the_o rest_n and_o they_o of_o late_a time_n more_o ample_o than_o the_o ancient_a by_o the_o statute_n call_v dictum_fw-la de_fw-la kenilworth_n make_v 51._o h._n 3._o king_n hen._n 3._o be_v acknowledge_v to_o be_v
lord_n of_o the_o realm_n in_o the_o statute_n make_v at_o gloucester_n in_o the_o six_o year_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n e._n 1._o king_n edw._n 1_o be_v acknowledge_v by_o the_o parliament_n to_o be_v their_o sovereign_a lord_n and_o so_o be_v king_n edw._n 2._o king_n edw._n 3._o king_n rich._n 2._o and_o all_o the_o king_n since_o by_o all_o parliament_n hold_v in_o their_o several_a reign_v as_o to_o the_o studious_a reader_n of_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n make_v in_o their_o several_a time_n will_v appear_v by_o a_o parliament_n hold_v at_o westminster_n anno_fw-la 7._o edw._n 1._o it_o be_v acknowledge_v to_o belong_v to_o the_o king_n through_o his_o royal_a signiory_n straight_o to_o defend_v force_n of_o armour_n and_o all_o other_o force_n against_o the_o peace_n of_o the_o kingdom_n at_o all_o time_n when_o it_o shall_v please_v he_o and_o to_o punish_v they_o which_o shall_v do_v contrary_a according_a to_o the_o law_n and_o usage_n of_o this_o realm_n and_o that_o thereunto_o they_o be_v bind_v to_o aid_v he_o as_o their_o sovereign_a lord_n at_o all_o season_n when_o need_n shall_v be_v in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n edw._n 2._o the_o two_o spencer_n hugh_n the_o father_n and_o hugh_n the_o son_n to_o cover_v the_o treason_n hatch_v in_o their_o heart_n invent_v this_o damnable_a and_o damn_a opinion_n as_o it_o i●_z style_v in_o calvin_n case_n that_o homage_n and_o oath_n of_o legiance_n be_v more_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o king_n crown_n that_o be_v his_o politic_a capacity_n then_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o person_n of_o the_o king_n upon_o which_o opinion_n they_o enforce_v execrable_a and_o detestable_a conseque●●s_n first_o that_o if_o the_o king_n do_v not_o demean_v himself_o by_o reason_n in_o the_o right_a of_o his_o crown_n the_o peer_n be_v bound_o oath_n to_o remove_v the_o king_n second_o see_v the_o king_n can_v not_o be_v remove_v by_o suit_n of_o law_n that_o ought_v to_o be_v do_v by_o aspertee_n which_o be_v as_o much_o as_o to_o say_v by_o force_n and_o war_n three_o that_o his_o liege_n be_v bind_v to_o govern_v in_o aid_n of_o he_o and_o in_o default_n of_o he_o all_o which_o opinion_n be_v condemn_v by_o two_o parliament_n one_o hold_v in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o second_o the_o other_o in_o the_o first_o year_n of_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o cap._n 1._o as_o by_o the_o old_a print_a statute_n appear_v by_o the_o statute_n of_o 25._o edw._n 3._o cap._n 2_o it_o be_v ordain_v that_o if_o a_o man_n shall_v compass_v or_o imagine_v the_o death_n of_o our_o sovereign_a lord_n the_o king_n or_o of_o my_o lady_n his_o queen_n or_o of_o his_o elder_a son_n or_o if_o any_o man_n levy_v war_n against_o the_o king_n in_o his_o realm_n or_o be_v adhere_v to_o the_o king_n enemy_n give_v to_o they_o aid_v or_o comfort_n in_o the_o realm_n or_o elsewhere_o etc._n etc._n it_o shall_v be_v judge_v treason_n it_o be_v report_v to_o we_o by_o sir_n edward_n coke_n in_o the_o four_o part_n of_o his_o institut_fw-la call_v the_o jurisdiction_n of_o court_n pag._n 52._o that_o rot●l●_n parliament_n anno_fw-la 17._o edw._n 3._o num_fw-la 23._o it_o be_v then_o agree_v in_o parliament_n that_o the_o statute_n make_v 15._o edw._n 3._o shall_v be_v repeal_v and_o lose_v the_o name_n of_o a_o statute_n as_o contrary_a to_o the_o law_n and_o prerogative_n of_o the_o king_n it_o appear_v rot._n parlia._n 42._o num_fw-la 7._o call_v lex_fw-la ●●_z consuetudo_fw-la parliamenti_fw-la cite_v by_o sir_n edward_n coke_n in_o the_o four_o part_n of_o his_o institute_n pag._n 13._o and_o 14._o that_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o in_o full_a parliament_n do_v declare_v that_o they_o can_v not_o assent_v to_o any_o thing_n in_o parliament_n that_o tend_v to_o the_o disherison_n of_o the_o king_n and_o his_o crown_n whereunto_o they_o be_v swear_v by_o the_o statute_n of_o 16._o rich._n 2._o cap._n 5._o king_n richard_n the_o second_o be_v by_o the_o parliament_n call_v their_o redoubt_a sovereign_a lord_n and_o the_o people_n his_o liege_n people_n and_o by_o parliament_n in_o the_o body_n of_o that_o act_n it_o be_v acknowledge_v that_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n have_v be_v so_o free_a at_o all_o time_n that_o it_o have_v be_v in_o subjection_n to_o no_o realm_n but_o immediate_o subject_a to_o god_n and_o to_o none_o other_o in_o all_o thing_n touch_v the_o regall●ty_n of_o the_o same_o crownel_n notwithstanding_o that_o afterwards_o war_n be_v lovy_v against_o he_o by_o his_o subject_n and_o he_o be_v against_o all_o law_n and_o right_n depose_v or_o enforce_v to_o make_v a_o surrender_n of_o his_o crown_n or_o at_o least_o they_o pretend_v he_o do_v so_o though_o some_o hystorian_n doubt_v whether_o he_o ever_o consent_v to_o it_o be_v murder_v to_o make_v way_n for_o king_n hen._n 4._o who_o have_v very_o small_a pretent_n to_o the_o crown_n as_o man_n learn_v in_o the_o law_n of_o this_o realm_n have_v in_o all_o time_n since_o hold_v which_o kind_n of_o dispose_v of_o the_o king_n person_n i_o hope_v and_o believe_v be_v not_o mean_v by_o they_o and_o which_o horrid_a act_n though_o it_o give_v some_o present_a security_n to_o some_o particular_a person_n that_o be_v then_o active_a in_o his_o destruction_n yet_o it_o cost_v this_o kingdom_n in_o general_a very_o dear_a in_o the_o expense_n of_o blood_n and_o treasure_n in_o the_o succeed_a time_n by_o bloody_a civil_a war_n wherein_o the_o decay_n of_o man_n by_o those_o war_n be_v so_o great_a that_o many_o judicious_a historian_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o the_o number_n of_o man_n lose_v in_o those_o war_n be_v not_o recruit_v or_o make_v up_o by_o a_o follow_a progeny_n till_o the_o beginning_n of_o king_n james_n his_o reign_n and_o it_o be_v to_o be_v fear_v that_o this_o blood_n be_v not_o expiate_v and_o dry_v up_o in_o this_o land_n the_o gate_n of_o janus_n temple_n be_v open_v both_o without_o the_o kingdom_n and_o within_o for_o the_o space_n of_o a_o hundred_o year_n and_o upward_o till_o by_o god_n great_a goodness_n there_o come_v to_o be_v a_o union_n of_o the_o right_n of_o the_o two_o house_n of_o york_n and_o lancaster_n to_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n in_o king_n hen._n 7._o and_o queen_n elizabeth_n his_o wife_n though_o that_o till_o near_o the_o middle_n of_o his_o reign_n the_o sword_n be_v not_o altogether_o sheathe_v but_o there_o be_v some_o counterfeit_a pretender_n to_o the_o crown_n which_o stir_v the_o unconstant_a multitude_n to_o sundry_a rebellion_n which_o after_o some_o time_n of_o rest_n from_o those_o civil_a broil_n the_o king_n lord_n and_o commons_o in_o parliament_n upon_o full_a experience_n and_o consideration_n of_o the_o trouble_n past_a for_o the_o prevention_n of_o the_o like_a in_o future_a time_n think_v fit_a to_o revive_v the_o ancient_a law_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o to_o declare_v that_o by_o act_n of_o parliament_n which_o be_v and_o have_v be_v a_o fundamental_a law_n of_o the_o land_n and_o be_v before_o part_n of_o the_o common_a law_n thereof_o to_o enact_v and_o declare_v in_o the_o eleven_o year_n of_o the_o say_a king_n reign_v in_o the_o first_o chapter_n of_o the_o statute_n make_v in_o parliament_n in_o the_o say_a year_n in_o these_o word_n anno_fw-la vndecimo_fw-la henrici_fw-la septimi_fw-la the_o king_n our_o sovereign_a lord_n call_v to_o his_o remembrance_n the_o duty_n of_o allegiance_n of_o his_o subject_n of_o this_o realm_n and_o that_o they_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o same_o be_v bind_v to_o serve_v their_o prince_n and_o sovereign_a lord_n for_o the_o time_n be_v in_o his_o war_n for_o the_o defence_n of_o he_o and_o the_o land_n against_o every_o rebellion_n power_n and_o may_v raise_v against_o he_o and_o with_o he_o to_o enter_v and_o abide_v in_o service_n in_o battle_n if_o case_n so_o require_v and_o that_o for_o the_o same_o service_n what_o fortune_n ever_o fall_v by_o chance_n in_o the_o same_o battle_n against_o the_o mind_n and_o will_n of_o the_o prince_n as_o in_o this_o land_n sometime_o pass_v have_v be_v see_v that_o it_o be_v not_o reasonable_a but_o against_o all_o law_n reason_n and_o a_o good_a conscience_n that_o the_o say_a subject_n go_v with_o their_o sovereign_a lord_n in_o war_n attend_v upon_o he_o in_o his_o person_n or_o be_v in_o other_o place_n by_o his_o commandment_n within_o this_o land_n or_o without_o any_o thing_n shall_v less_o or_o forfeit_v for_o do_v their_o true_a duty_n and_o service_n of_o allegiance_n it_o be_v therefore_o ordain_v enact_v and_o establish_v by_o the_o king_n our_o sovereign_a lord_n by_o the_o advice_n and_o assent_n of_o the_o lord_n spiritual_a and_o temporal_a and_o commons_o in_o this_o present_a parliament_n assemble_v and_o by_o authority_n of_o
conscience_n it_o be_v a_o certain_a axiom_n in_o divinity_n quod_fw-la per_fw-la sacramentum_fw-la non_fw-la tenemur_fw-la nisi_fw-la ad_fw-la bonum_fw-la aut_fw-la legale_fw-la by_o oath_n man_n be_v bind_v to_o the_o performance_n of_o nothing_o but_o what_o be_v good_a and_o lawful_a now_o to_o manifest_v that_o this_o oath_n be_v against_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n we_o be_v to_o nature_n consider_v what_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n be_v which_o we_o find_v among_o the_o learned_a to_o be_v distinguish_v into_o two_o kind_n general_a and_o special_a this_o general_a by_o ulpian_n de_fw-fr justitia_fw-la et_fw-la jure_fw-la l._n 1._o tit._n 1._o be_v thus_o define_v jus_fw-la naturale_fw-la est_fw-la quod_fw-la natura_fw-la omnia_fw-la animalia_fw-la docuit_fw-la natural_a law_n be_v that_o which_o nature_n have_v teach_v all_o creature_n live_v which_o he_o distinguish_v thus_o from_o the_o special_a jus_fw-la istud_fw-la non_fw-la humani_fw-la generis_fw-la proprium_fw-la sed_fw-la omnium_fw-la animalium_fw-la quae_fw-la terra_fw-la marique_fw-la nascuntur_fw-la avium_fw-la quoque_fw-la common_fw-la est_fw-la the_o law_n of_o nature_n say_v he_o be_v not_o proper_a to_o man_n alone_o but_o the_o same_o be_v common_a to_o all_o live_a creature_n as_o well_o to_o bird_n as_o to_o those_o which_o the_o land_n and_o the_o sea_n produce_v and_o agreeable_a to_o this_o be_v the_o description_n of_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n set_v down_o by_o learned_a and_o reverend_a hooker_n in_o his_o first_o book_n of_o ecclesiastical_a policy_n whereby_o he_o call_v it_o that_o manner_n of_o work_v which_o god_n have_v set_v for_o each_o create_a thing_n to_o keep_v he_o be_v a_o director_n of_o infinite_a knowledge_n to_o guide_v nature_n in_o her_o way_n but_o i_o mean_v not_o that_o this_o negative_a oath_n be_v against_o this_o general_a law_n of_o nature_n but_o there_o be_v a_o more_o special_a law_n of_o nature_n proper_a to_o mankind_n only_o which_o will_v steer_v we_o to_o the_o question_n in_o hand_n which_o special_a law_n of_o nature_n proper_a to_o man_n st._n augustine_n in_o his_o epistle_n ad_fw-la hil._n 89._o and_o in_fw-la evangelium_fw-la johanes_n tract._n 49._o define_v thus_o lex_fw-la naturalis_fw-la est_fw-la impressio_fw-la divini_fw-la luminis_fw-la in_fw-la nobis_fw-la et_fw-la participatio_fw-la legis_fw-la aternae_fw-la in_fw-la rationali_fw-la creatura_fw-la the_o law_n natural_a say_v he_o be_v the_o impression_n of_o divine_a light_n in_o we_o and_o a_o participation_n of_o the_o eternal_a law_n in_o the_o reasonable_a creature_n which_o distinction_n be_v strengthen_v by_o that_o expostulation_n which_o moses_n make_v in_o the_o person_n of_o god_n with_o cain_n before_o any_o law_n write_v gen._n 4._o 7._o if_o thou_o do_v well_o shall_v thou_o not_o be_v accept_v and_o if_o thou_o do_v not_o well_o sin_n lie_v at_o the_o door_n for_o so_o be_v the_o law_n of_o nature_n impart_v unto_o we_o by_o illumination_n of_o the_o law_n eternal_a that_o this_o be_v most_o clear_a st._n paul_n witness_v unto_o we_o rom_n 2._o 15._o 14._o for_o when_o the_o gentile_n say_v he_o which_o have_v not_o the_o law_n do_v by_o nature_n the_o thing_n contain_v in_o the_o law_n these_o have_v not_o the_o law_n be_v a_o law_n unto_o themselves_o which_o show_v the_o work_n of_o the_o law_n write_v in_o their_o heart_n their_o conscience_n also_o bear_v witness_n and_o their_o thought_n mean_a while_n excuse_v or_o accuse_v they_o what_o other_o thing_n be_v this_o but_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n or_o the_o impression_n of_o divine_a light_n in_o the_o heart_n of_o the_o gentile_n which_o doctrine_n of_o st._n paul_n reprove_v the_o opinion_n of_o those_o who_o think_v that_o whatsoever_o proceed_v of_o nature_n be_v sin_n for_o if_o so_o it_o be_v that_o whatsoever_o proceed_v of_o nature_n be_v sinful_a how_o can_v the_o conscience_n of_o the_o gentile_n bear_v witness_v for_o they_o or_o excuse_v they_o of_o the_o breach_n of_o the_o law_n therefore_o st._n augustine_n in_o his_o three_o book_n de_fw-fr doctrina_fw-la christiana_fw-la cap._n 14_o say_v omne_fw-la vitium_fw-la naturae_fw-la nocet_fw-la ac_fw-la per_fw-la hoc_fw-la contra_fw-la naturam_fw-la est_fw-la every_o vice_n do_v wrong_a to_o nature_n and_o be_v therefore_o contrary_a to_o it_o and_o in_o his_o 12._o book_n de_fw-fr civitate_fw-la dei_fw-la cap._n 1._o he_o say_v omnia_fw-la peccata_fw-la sunt_fw-la in_fw-la universum_fw-la contra_fw-la naturam_fw-la et_fw-la legem_fw-la naturae_fw-la all_o sin_n be_v general_o against_o reason_n and_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o damascene_fw-la l._n 2._o fidei_fw-la orthodox_a cap._n 30._o agree_v in_o this_o with_o he_o for_o say_v he_o homines_fw-la facti_fw-la sunt_fw-la mali_fw-la declinando_fw-la in_fw-la id_fw-la quod_fw-la contra_fw-la naturam_fw-la est_fw-la man_n be_v make_v evil_a by_o decline_v to_o that_o which_o be_v contrary_a to_o nature_n nature_n therefore_o be_v god_n instrument_n and_o none_o other_o be_v her_o guide_n but_o only_o the_o god_n of_o nature_n for_o as_o s._n paul_n say_v in_o his_o sermon_n at_o athens_n when_o he_o find_v a_o altar_n direct_v to_o the_o unknown_a god_n act._n 17._o 28._o in_o he_o we_o live_v and_o move_v and_o have_v our_o be_v be_v also_o of_o his_o offspring_n as_o he_o tell_v they_o their_o own_o poet_n say_v whereby_o it_o be_v clear_o prove_v that_o though_o the_o athenian_n be_v gentile_n and_o ascribe_v the_o being_n of_o all_o thing_n to_o the_o law_n and_o course_n of_o nature_n yet_o st._n paul_n can_v find_v out_o another_o hand_n in_o those_o work_n beside_o nature_n to_o who_o nature_n be_v only_o subservient_n and_o a_o handmaid_n to_o obey_v his_o eternal_a law_n decree_n and_o purpose_n according_a to_o that_o order_n he_o have_v set_v down_o for_o the_o son_n of_o man_n for_o ever_o to_o be_v observe_v this_o short_a digression_n i_o have_v make_v only_o to_o take_v away_o this_o objection_n that_o many_o make_v that_o we_o be_v not_o bind_v to_o observe_v the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o also_o to_o let_v they_o know_v that_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n be_v to_o be_v observe_v and_o that_o as_o be_v a_o participation_n of_o the_o eternal_a law_n it_o be_v both_o perpetual_a and_o unalterable_a and_o not_o presumptuous_o to_o be_v violate_v the_o consideration_n whereof_o move_v pythagoras_n the_o heathen_a philosopher_n to_o publish_v among_o his_o golden_a precept_n this_o one_o nil_fw-la turpe_fw-la committas_fw-la neque_fw-la coram_fw-la aliis_fw-la neque_fw-la tecum_fw-la maxim_fw-la omnium_fw-la verere_fw-la teipsum_fw-la commit_v nothing_o foul_a or_o dishonest_a say_v he_o neither_o to_o be_v know_v to_o other_o nor_o to_o thy_o own_o heart_n but_o above_o all_o thing_n reverence_v thou_o own_o conscience_n but_o to_o draw_v somewhat_o near_o to_o the_o thing_n in_o purpose_n and_o to_o prove_v that_o this_o negative_a oath_n be_v against_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n i_o must_v observe_v with_o hooker_n that_o as_o there_o be_v a_o law_n natural_a belong_n to_o man_n as_o they_o be_v man_n in_o their_o kind_n which_o law_n direct_v they_o in_o the_o mean_n whereby_o they_o be_v to_o steer_v their_o action_n as_o to_o their_o own_o particular_a preservation_n so_o there_o be_v a_o law_n natural_a which_o touch_v they_o as_o sociable_a part_n unite_v into_o one_o body_n a_o law_n which_o bind_v they_o to_o serve_v unto_o each_o other_o good_a and_o all_o to_o preserve_v the_o good_a of_o the_o whole_a before_o whatsoever_o their_o own_o particular_a and_o from_o both_o those_o root_n or_o branch_n of_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n spring_v the_o allegiance_n subjection_n and_o loyal_a obedience_n which_o be_v due_a from_o a_o subject_n unto_o his_o king_n from_o this_o special_a law_n of_o nature_n man_n by_o the_o impression_n of_o divine_a light_n be_v bind_v to_o observe_v the_o law_n natural_a as_o it_o be_v write_v in_o his_o heart_n and_o be_v part_n of_o the_o law_n eternal_a by_o which_o we_o be_v bind_v to_o obey_v and_o succour_v and_o assist_v our_o parent_n whether_o our_o natural_a parent_n or_o the_o parent_n of_o our_o country_n and_o from_o this_o relative_a law_n of_o nature_n as_o i_o may_v so_o call_v it_o or_o the_o covenant_n of_o nature_n whereby_o we_o be_v bind_v as_o sociable_a part_n by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n unite_v into_o one_o body_n for_o the_o preservation_n of_o the_o whole_a the_o subject_a to_o obedience_n faith_n and_o allegiance_n the_o king_n to_o protection_n and_o to_o maintain_v the_o law_n body_n and_o good_n of_o his_o subject_n and_o both_o together_o to_o maintain_v the_o peace_n of_o all_o as_o fortescue_n in_o his_o book_n of_o the_o praise_n of_o the_o law_n of_o england_n cap._n 13._o observe_v and_o therefore_o glanvil_n who_o write_v in_o hen._n 2._o time_n l._n 9_o cap._n 4._o say_v mutua_fw-la debes_fw-la esse_fw-la domini_fw-la et_fw-la fidelitatis_fw-la connexio_fw-la ita_fw-la quod_fw-la quantum_fw-la debet_fw-la cuique_fw-la