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scarcity_n the_o place_n of_o their_o meeting_n be_v call_v l'_fw-fr hostelle_fw-fr de_fw-fr ville_fw-fr or_o the_o guild_n hall_n the_o present_a provost_n mr_n de_fw-fr griâ—ux_fw-fr his_o habit_n as_o also_o that_o of_o the_o eschevins_n and_o counsellor_n half_a red_a half_a sky_n colour_v the_o city_n levery_n with_o a_o hood_n of_o the_o same_o this_o provost_n be_v as_o much_o above_o the_o other_o in_o power_n as_o man_n which_o be_v love_v common_o be_v above_o those_o which_o be_v fear_v this_o provost_n the_o people_n willing_o yea_o sometime_o factious_o obey_v as_o the_o conservator_n of_o their_o liberty_n the_o other_o they_o only_o dread_v as_o the_o judge_n of_o their_o life_n and_o the_o tyrant_n of_o their_o estate_n to_o show_v the_o power_n of_o this_o provost_n both_o for_o and_o with_o the_o people_n against_o their_o prince_n you_o may_v please_v to_o take_v notice_n of_o two_o instance_n for_o the_o people_n against_o philip_n devalois_fw-fr anno_fw-la 1349._o 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anno_fw-la 1533._o and_o since_o beautify_v and_o repair_v by_o francis_n miron_n once_o provost_n des_fw-fr merchand_n and_o afterward_o privy_a counsellor_n to_o the_o king_n it_o stand_v on_o one_o side_n of_o the_o greve_v which_o be_v the_o public_a place_n of_o the_o execution_n and_o be_v build_v quadrangular-wise_a all_o of_o free_a and_o polish_a stone_n even_o and_o orderly_o laid-togeth_a you_o ascend_v by_o thirty_o or_o forty_o step_n fair_a and_o large_a before_o you_o come_v to_o the_o quadrate_n and_o thence_o by_o several_a stair_n into_o the_o several_a room_n and_o chamber_n of_o it_o which_o be_v very_o neat_o contrive_v and_o rich_o furnish_v the_o grand_a chastelet_n be_v say_v to_o have_v be_v build_v by_o julian_n the_o apostata_fw-la at_o such_o time_n as_o he_o be_v governor_n of_o gaul_n it_o be_v afterward_o new_o build_v by_o philip_n augustus_n and_o since_o repair_v by_o lewis_n the_o twelve_o in_o which_o time_n of_o repaitation_n the_o provost_n of_o 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parliament_n the_o chief_n bulwark_n of_o the_o french_a liberty_n of_o the_o policy_n nnd_v government_n of_o the_o universtty_a the_o rector_n and_o his_o precedency_n the_o disorder_a life_n of_o the_o scholar_n there_o be_v a_o apology_n for_o oxford_n and_o cambridge_n the_o privilege_n of_o the_o scholar_n theer_v degree_n etc._n etc._n this_o part_n of_o paris_n which_o lie_v beyond_o the_o furthermost_a branch_n of_o the_o seine_n be_v call_v the_o university_n it_o be_v little_a inferior_a to_o the_o town_n for_o bigness_n and_o less_o superior_a to_o it_o in_o sweetness_n or_o opulency_n whatsoever_o be_v say_v of_o the_o whole_a in_o general_n be_v intend_v to_o this_o part_n also_o as_o well_o as_o the_o other_o all_o the_o learning_n in_o it_o be_v not_o able_a to_o free_v it_o from_o those_o inconvenience_n wherewith_o it_o be_v distress_v it_o contain_v in_o it_o only_o six_o parish_n church_n the_o paucity_n whereof_o be_v
by_o the_o sweat_n of_o their_o brow_n be_v the_o court_n feed_v and_o the_o soldier_n pay_v and_o by_o their_o labour_n be_v the_o prince_n maintain_v in_o idleness_n what_o imposition_n soever_o it_o please_v the_o king_n to_o put_v upon_o they_o it_o be_v almost_o a_o point_n of_o treason_n not_o only_o to_o deny_v but_o to_o question_v apud_fw-la illos_fw-la veer_fw-la regnatur_fw-la nefasque_fw-la quantum_fw-la regi_fw-la liceat_fw-la dubitare_fw-la as_o one_o of_o they_o the_o king_n hand_n lie_v hard_a upon_o they_o and_o have_v almost_o thrust_v they_o into_o a_o egyptian_a bondage_n the_o poor_a peasant_n be_v constrain_v to_o make_v up_o daily_a his_o full_a tale_n of_o brick_n and_o yet_o have_v no_o straw_n allow_v he_o upon_o the_o sight_n of_o these_o misery_n and_o poverty_n of_o this_o people_n sir_n john_n fortescue_n chancellor_n of_o england_n in_o his_o book_n entitle_v de_fw-fr laudibus_fw-la regum_fw-la angliae_fw-la conclude_v they_o to_o be_v unfit_a man_n for_o 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a_o jury_n to_o go_v over_o all_o those_o imposition_n which_o this_o miserable_a people_n be_v afflict_v withal_o be_v almost_o as_o wretched_a as_o the_o payment_n of_o they_o i_o will_v therefore_o speak_v only_o of_o the_o principal_a and_o here_o i_o meet_v in_o the_o first_o place_n with_o the_o gabel_n or_o imposition_n on_o salt_n this_o gabelle_fw-fr de_fw-fr sel_n this_o impost_n on_o salt_n be_v first_o begin_v by_o philip_n the_o long_a who_o take_v for_o it_o a_o double_a which_o be_v half_a a_o solemnize_n upon_o the_o pound_n after_o who_o philip_n the_o valois_n anno_fw-la 1328._o double_a it_o charles_n the_o seven_o raise_v it_o unto_o three_o double_v and_o lewis_n the_o eleven_o unto_o six_o since_o that_o time_n it_o have_v be_v alter_v from_o so_o much_o upon_o the_o pound_n to_o a_o certain_a rate_n on_o the_o maid_n which_o contain_v some_o thirty_o bushel_n english_a the_o rate_n rise_v and_o fall_v at_o the_o king_n pleasure_n this_o one_o commodity_n be_v very_o advantageous_a to_o the_o exchequer_n be_v it_o all_o in_o the_o king_n hand_n but_o at_o this_o time_n a_o great_a part_n of_o it_o be_v mortgage_v it_o be_v think_v to_o be_v worth_a unto_o the_o king_n three_o million_o of_o crown_n yearly_a that_o only_o of_o paris_n and_o the_o provost_n seven_o daughter_n be_v farm_a at_o 1700000._o crown_v the_o year_n the_o late_a king_n since_o anno_fw-la 1581._o being_n entangle_v in_o war_n have_v be_v constrain_v to_o let_v it_o to_o other_o insomuch_o that_o about_o anno_fw-la 1599_o the_o king_n lose_v above_o 800000._o crown_n yearly_a and_o no_o long_a than_o anno_fw-la 1621._o the_o king_n take_v up_o 600000._o pound_n of_o the_o provost_n of_o the_o merchant_n and_o the_o eschevins_n give_v unto_o they_o a_o rend_a charge_n of_o 40000._o pound_n yearly_a to_o be_v issue_v out_o of_o the_o custom_n of_o salt_n till_o their_o money_n be_v repay_v they_o this_o gabel_n be_v indeed_o a_o monopoly_n and_o that_o one_o of_o the_o unjust_a and_o unmeasurabl_a in_o the_o world_n for_o no_o man_n in_o the_o kingdom_n those_o country_n hereafter_o mention_v except_v can_v eat_v any_o salt_n but_o he_o must_v buy_v it_o of_o the_o king_n and_o at_o his_o price_n which_o be_v most_o unconscionable_a that_o be_v sell_v at_o paris_n and_o elsewhere_o for_o five_o liure_v which_o in_o the_o exempt_v place_n be_v sell_v for_o one_o therefore_o that_o the_o king_n profit_n may_v not_o be_v diminish_v there_o be_v diligent_a watch_n and_o ward_n that_o no_o foreign_a salt_n be_v bring_v into_o the_o land_n upon_o pain_n of_o forfeiture_n and_o imprisonment_n a_o search_n that_o be_v make_v so_o strict_o that_o we_o have_v much_o ado_n at_o diepe_a to_o be_v pardon_v the_o search_n of_o our_o trunk_n and_o portmanteaus_a and_o that_o not_o but_o upon_o our_o solemn_a protestation_n that_o we_o have_v none_o of_o that_o commodity_n this_o salt_n be_v of_o a_o brown_a colour_n be_v only_o such_o as_o we_o in_o england_n 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stubborn_a and_o churlish_a people_n very_o impatient_a of_o a_o rigorous_a yoke_n and_o such_o as_o inherit_v a_o full_a measure_n of_o the_o beiseain_n liberty_n and_o spirit_n from_o who_o they_o be_v descend_v le_fw-fr droit_n de_fw-fr fonage_n the_o privilege_n of_o levy_v of_o a_o certain_a piece_n of_o money_n upon_o every_o chimney_n in_o a_o house_n that_o smoke_v be_v in_o time_n not_o long_o since_o one_o of_o the_o jura_n regalia_z of_o the_o french_a lord_n and_o the_o people_n pay_v it_o without_o grumble_a yet_o when_o edward_n the_o black_a prince_n return_v from_o his_o unhappy_a journey_n into_o spain_n and_o for_o the_o pay_v of_o his_o soldier_n to_o who_o he_o be_v indebt_v lay_v this_o fonage_n upon_o the_o people_n be_v then_o english_a they_o all_o present_o revolt_v to_o the_o french_a and_o bring_v great_a prejudice_n to_o our_o affair_n in_o those_o quarter_n next_o unto_o the_o gabel_n of_o salt_n we_o may_v place_v the_o taille_n and_o the_o taillon_n 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the_o kingdom_n of_o france_n contain_v two_o hundred_o million_o of_o acre_n as_o it_o do_v and_o that_o from_o every_o one_o there_o be_v raise_v to_o the_o king_n two_o sol_n yearly_a which_o be_v little_a in_o respect_n of_o the_o tax_n impose_v on_o they_o that_o income_n alone_o beside_o that_o which_o levy_v on_o good_n personal_a will_v amount_v to_o two_o million_o of_o pound_n in_o a_o year_n but_o this_o payment_n also_o lie_v all_o on_o the_o peasant_n the_o great_a town_n the_o officer_n of_o the_o king_n house_n the_o officer_n of_o war_n the_o precedent_n counsellor_n and_o officer_n of_o the_o court_n of_o parliament_n the_o nobility_n the_o clergy_n and_o the_o scholar_n of_o the_o university_n be_v free_v from_o it_o that_o which_o they_o call_v the_o taillon_n be_v intend_v for_o the_o ease_n of_o the_o country_n though_o now_o it_o prove_v one_o of_o the_o great_a burden_n unto_o it_o in_o former_a time_n the_o king_n soldier_n lay_v all_o upon_o the_o charge_n of_o the_o village_n the_o poor_a people_n be_v fain_o to_o find_v they_o diet_n lodging_n and_o all_o necessary_n for_o themselves_o their_o horse_n and_o their_o harlot_n which_o they_o bring_v with_o they_o if_o they_o be_v not_o well_o please_v with_o their_o entertainment_n they_o use_v common_o to_o beat_v their_o host_n abuse_v his_o family_n and_o rob_v he_o of_o that_o small_a provision_n which_o he_o have_v lay_v up_o for_o his_o child_n and_o all_o this_o cum_fw-la privilegio_fw-la thus_o do_v they_o move_v from_o one_o village_n to_o another_o and_o at_o the_o last_o return_v unto_o they_o from_o whence_o they_o come_v ita_fw-la ut_fw-la non_fw-la sit_fw-la ibi_fw-la villula_fw-la una_fw-la expers_fw-la calamitatis_fw-la istius_fw-la quae_fw-la non_fw-la semel_fw-la aut_fw-la bis_fw-la in_o anno_fw-la hac_fw-la nefandâ_fw-la pressurâ_fw-la depiletur_fw-la as_o sir_n john_n fâ—rtescue_n observe_v in_o his_o time_n to_o redress_v this_o mischief_n king_n henry_n the_o second_o anno_fw-la 1549._o raise_v his_o imposition_n call_v the_o taillon_n issue_v out_o of_o the_o land_n and_o good_n of_o the_o poor_a country_n man_n whereby_o he_o be_v at_o the_o first_o somewhat_o ease_v but_o now_o all_o be_v again_o out_o of_o order_n the_o miserable_a peasant_n be_v oppress_v by_o the_o soldier_n as_o much_o as_o ever_o and_o yet_o he_o still_o pay_v both_o tax_n the_o taille_n and_o the_o taillon_n the_o pancarte_n comprehend_v in_o it_o divers_a particular_a impost_n but_o especial_o the_o solemnize_n upon_o the_o liure_fw-fr that_o be_v the_o twenty_o penny_n of_o all_o thing_n buy_v or_o sell_v corn_n salad_n and_o the_o like_a only_o except_v upon_o wine_n beside_o the_o solemnize_n upon_o the_o liure_fw-fr he_o have_v his_o several_a custom_n at_o the_o entrance_n of_o it_o into_o any_o of_o his_o city_n passage_n by_o land_n sea_n or_o river_n to_o these_o charles_n the_o nine_o anno_fw-la 1561._o add_v a_o tax_n of_o five_o sol_n upon_o every_o maid_n which_o be_v the_o three_o part_n of_o a_o tun_n and_o yet_o when_o all_o this_o be_v do_v the_o poor_a vintner_n pay_v unto_o the_o king_n the_o eight_o penny_n he_o take_v for_o that_o wine_n which_o he_o sell_v in_o this_o pancart_n be_v also_o contain_v the_o bant_z passage_n which_o be_v the_o tol_v pay_v unto_o the_o king_n for_o passage_n of_o man_n and_o cattle_n over_o his_o bridge_n and_o his_o city_n gate_n as_o also_o for_o all_o such_o commodity_n which_o they_o bring_v with_o they_o a_o good_a and_o round_a sum_n consider_v the_o largeness_n of_o the_o kingdom_n the_o thoroughfare_n of_o lion_n be_v farm_a yearly_a of_o the_o king_n for_o 100000._o crown_n hereunto_o belong_v also_o the_o aide_n which_o be_v a_o tax_n also_o of_o the_o solemnize_n on_o the_o liure_fw-fr upon_o all_o sort_n of_o fruit_n provision_n ware_n and_o merchandise_n grant_v first_o unto_o charles_n duke_n of_o normandy_n when_o john_n his_o father_n be_v prisoner_n in_o england_n and_o since_o make_v perpetual_a for_o such_o be_v the_o lamentable_a fate_n of_o that_o country_n that_o their_o kindness_n be_v make_v duty_n and_o those_o money_n which_o they_o once_o grant_v out_o of_o love_n be_v always_o after_o exact_v of_o they_o and_o pay_v out_o of_o necessity_n the_o bedrolle_n of_o all_o these_o imposition_n and_o tax_n be_v call_v the_o paneart_n because_o it_o be_v hang_v up_o in_o a_o frame_n like_v as_o the_o officer_n fee_n be_v in_o our_o bishop_n diocesan_n court_n the_o word_n pan_n signify_v a_o frame_n or_o pane_n of_o wainscot_n these_o imposition_n time_n and_o custom_n have_v now_o make_v tolerable_a though_o at_o first_o day_n they_o seem_v very_o burdensome_a and_o move_v many_o city_n to_o murmur_a some_o to_o rebellion_n among_o other_o the_o city_n of_o paris_n proud_a of_o her_o ancient_a liberty_n and_o immunity_n refuse_v to_o admit_v of_o it_o this_o indignity_n so_o incense_v charles_n the_o six_o their_o king_n then_o young_a and_o in_o hot_a blood_n that_o he_o seize_v into_o his_o hand_n all_o their_o privilege_n take_v from_o their_o provost_n des_fw-fr merchant_n and_o the_o eschevins_n as_o also_o the_o key_n of_o their_o gate_n and_o the_o chain_n of_o their_o street_n and_o make_v through_o the_o whole_a town_n such_o a_o face_n of_o mourning_n that_o one_o may_v just_o have_v say_v haec_fw-la facies_fw-la troiae_fw-la cum_fw-la caperetur_fw-la erat_fw-la this_o happen_v in_o the_o year_n 1383._o and_o be_v for_o five_o year_n together_o continue_v which_o time_n be_v expire_v and_o other_o city_n warn_v by_o that_o example_n the_o imposition_n be_v establish_v and_o the_o privilege_n restore_v for_o the_o better_a regulate_v of_o the_o profit_n arise_v from_o these_o impost_n the_o french_a king_n erect_v a_o court_n le_fw-fr cour_fw-fr des_fw-fr aides_n it_o consist_v at_o the_o first_o of_o the_o general_a of_o the_o aide_n and_o of_o any_o four_o of_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o council_n who_o they_o will_v call_v to_o their_o assistance_n afterward_o charles_n the_o five_o anno_fw-la 1380._o or_o thereabouts_o settle_v it_o in_o paris_n and_o cause_v it_o to_o be_v number_v as_o one_o of_o the_o sovereign_a court_n lewis_n the_o eleven_o dissolve_v it_o and_o commit_v the_o manage_n of_o his_o aid_n to_o his_o household_n servant_n as_o loath_a to_o have_v any_o public_a officer_n take_v notice_n how_o he_o fleece_v his_o people_n anno_fw-la 1464._o it_o be_v restore_v again_o and_o final_o henry_n the_o second_o anno_fw-la 1551._o add_v to_o it_o a_o second_o chamber_n compose_v of_o two_o presidens_fw-la and_o eight_o counsellor_n one_o of_o which_o precedent_n mr._n cavilayer_n be_v say_v to_o be_v the_o best_a moneyed_a man_n of_o all_o france_n there_o be_v also_o other_o of_o these_o court_n in_o the_o country_n as_o one_o at_o roven_n one_o at_o montferrant_n in_o averyne_n one_o at_o bourdeaux_n and_o another_o at_o montpellier_n
supply_v by_o the_o multitude_n of_o religious_a house_n which_o be_v in_o it_o these_o six_o church_n be_v call_v by_o the_o name_n st._n nicholas_n du'_fw-fr chardomere_n 2._o st._n estienne_n at_o this_o time_n in_o repair_v 3._o st._n severin_n 4._o st._n bennoist_a 5._o st._n andre_n and_o the_o 6._o st._n cosme_n it_o have_v also_o eight_o gate_n 1._o porte_fw-fr de_fw-fr nesse_n by_o the_o water_n side_n over_o against_o the_o lowre_n 2._o porte_fw-fr de_fw-fr bucy_n 3._o st._n german_a 4._o st._n michael_n 5._o st._n jaques_n 6._o st._n marcell_n 7._o st._n victor_n and_o the_o 8._o porte_fw-fr de_fw-fr la_fw-fr tornelle_n it_o be_v not_o account_v as_o a_o distinct_a member_n of_o paris_n or_o as_o the_o three_o part_n of_o it_o until_o the_o year_n 1304._o at_o which_o time_n the_o scholar_n have_v live_v former_o disperse_v about_o the_o city_n begin_v to_o settle_v themselves_o together_o in_o this_o place_n and_o so_o to_o become_v a_o peculiar_a corporation_n the_o university_n be_v found_v by_o charles_n the_o great_a anno_fw-la 791._o at_o the_o perswosion_n of_o al'uine_a a_o oxford_n man_n and_o the_o scholar_n venerable_n bede_n who_o bring_v with_o he_o three_o of_o his_o condisciple_n to_o be_v the_o first_o reader_n there_o their_o name_n be_v rabbanus_n maurus_n john_n duns_n surname_v scotus_n claudus_n who_o be_v also_o call_v clement_n to_o these_o four_o do_v the_o university_n of_o paris_n owe_v its_o original_n and_o first_o rudiment_n neither_o be_v this_o the_o first_o time_n that_o england_n have_v be_v the_o schoolmaster_n unto_o france_n we_o lend_v they_o not_o only_o their_o first_o doctor_n in_o divinity_n and_o philosophy_n but_o from_o we_o also_o do_v they_o receive_v the_o mystery_n of_o their_o religion_n when_o they_o be_v heathen_n disciplina_fw-la in_o britannia_fw-la reperta_fw-la say_v julius_n caesar_n com._n 6._o atque_fw-la inde_fw-la in_o galliam_n translata_fw-la esse_fw-la existimatur_fw-la a_o authority_n not_o to_o be_v question_v by_o any_o but_o by_o a_o caesar_n learn_v thus_o new_o bear_v at_o paris_n continue_v not_o long_o in_o any_o full_a vigour_n for_o almost_o three_o hundred_o year_n it_o be_v fall_v into_o a_o deadly_a trance_n and_o not_o here_o only_o but_o almost_o through_o the_o great_a part_n of_o europe_n anno_fw-la 1160_o or_o thereabouts_o peter_n lambard_n bishop_n of_o paris_n the_o first_o author_n of_o scholastical_a divinity_n and_o by_o his_o follower_n call_v the_o master_n of_o the_o sentence_n receive_v it_o here_o in_o this_o by_o the_o favour_n and_o encouragement_n of_o lewis_n the_o seven_o in_o his_o own_o house_n be_v the_o lecture_n first_o read_v and_o after_o as_o the_o number_n of_o student_n do_v increase_v in_o sundry_a other_o part_n of_o the_o town_n college_n they_o have_v none_o till_o the_o year_n 1304._o the_o scholar_n sojourn_v in_o the_o house_n of_o the_o citizen_n according_o as_o they_o can_v bargain_n for_o their_o entertainment_n 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