Selected quad for the lemma: england_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
england_n	john_n	king_n	lancaster_n	3,233	5	11.4353	5	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A45667	Remarks on the affairs and trade of England and Ireland wherein is set down 1. the antient charge of Ireland, and all the forces sent thither from 1170 until the compleat conquest thereof in 1602 ..., 2. the peculiar advantages which accrue to England by Ireland ..., 3. the state of trade, revenue, rents, manufactures, &c. of Ireland, with the causes of its poverty ..., 4. the only sure expedients for their advancement, with the necessity and utility of the repeal (as well as suspension) of the laws against dissenters, and the test, 5. how the reduction and settlement of Ireland may be improved to the advantage of England ... / by a hearty well-wisher to the Protestant religion, and the prosperity of these kingdoms.	Harris, Walter, Sir.	1691 (1691)	Wing H886; ESTC R13627	68,949	83

meet_v with_o on_o that_o subject_a which_o will_v at_o least_o lead_v towards_o a_o answer_n if_o not_o satisfy_v your_o first_o inquiry_n know_v then_o that_o the_o english_a footing_n in_o ireland_n do_v not_o commence_v upon_o a_o public_a but_o private_a undertake_n for_o mac-murogh_a king_n of_o leinster_n have_v be_v drive_v from_o his_o kingdom_n give_v his_o only_a daughter_n in_o marriage_n to_o richard_n strongbow_n earl_n of_o chepstow_n and_o pembroke_n and_o with_o she_o his_o kingdom_n after_o his_o death_n on_o condition_n he_o shall_v assist_v and_o restore_v he_o the_o earl_n pursuant_n thereunto_o encourage_v his_o relation_n fitz-stephens_n and_o fitz-gerald_n to_o join_v in_o that_o undertake_n who_o with_o near_o 400_o brave_a man_n put_v off_o from_o milford_n and_o land_a near_o wexford_n in_o ireland_n in_o may_n anno._n 1170._o they_o be_v soon_o follow_v by_o legross_v with_o 130_o more_o and_o in_o august_n follow_v by_o strongbow_n himself_o with_o 1200._o many_o of_o these_o party_n be_v person_n of_o good_a quality_n great_a valour_n and_o attend_v with_o wonderful_a success_n for_o notwithstanding_o the_o smart_a opposition_n make_v by_o the_o native_n strongbow_n in_o a_o short_a time_n restore_v mac-murogh_a and_o enlarge_v his_o dominion_n to_o such_o a_o degree_n as_o render_v he_o suspect_v by_o henry_n ii_o who_o by_o prohibit_v all_o commerce_n with_o ireland_n etc._n etc._n constrain_v the_o earl_n to_o yield_v he_o all_o his_o acquisition_n in_o that_o kingdom_n the_o king_n grant_v back_o to_o strongbow_n the_o principality_n of_o leinster_n reserve_v all_o the_o port-town_n and_o certain_a tract_n of_o land_n about_o they_o to_o the_o crown_n king_n hen._n himself_o some_o write_v with_o 4500_o other_o that_o be_v among_o they_o say_v but_o with_o 500_o knight_n land_a in_o october_n 1172._o near_o waterford_n his_o presence_n and_o fame_n with_o the_o terror_n and_o success_n of_o strongbow_n arm_n so_o intimidate_v the_o native_n in_o leinster_n munster_n and_o conaught_n that_o five_o of_o their_o king_n on_o notice_n of_o his_o arrival_n do_v he_o homage_n and_o become_v his_o tributary_n the_o great_a part_n of_o his_o charge_n be_v spend_v in_o royal_a entertainment_n and_o his_o time_n for_o the_o five_o month_n he_o stay_v there_o in_o endeavour_n so_o to_o settle_v matter_n as_o whole_o in_o future_a to_o cut_v off_o from_o france_n the_o usual_a assistance_n afford_v by_o the_o irish_a when_o attack_v by_o the_o arm_n of_o england_n he_o have_v experiment_v the_o benefit_n the_o crown_n receive_v without_o charge_n by_o strongbow_n private_a undertake_n therefore_o he_o wise_o resolve_v by_o like_a method_n to_o make_v that_o part_n he_o have_v gain_v bear_v the_o charge_n of_o conquer_a the_o whole_a to_o that_o end_n he_o distribute_v large_a scope_n of_o land_n to_o the_o great_a man_n that_o attend_v he_o as_o to_o hugh_n lacie_n the_o kingdom_n of_o meath_z find_v 100_o knight_n for_o his_o service_n for_o ever_o etc._n etc._n about_o four_o year_n after_o the_o irish_a yield_v he_o or_o the_o king_n impose_v a_o tax_n of_o twelve_o penny_n on_o every_o house_n or_o yoke_n of_o ox_n there_o which_o amount_v to_o no_o small_a sum_n in_o those_o day_n after_o the_o death_n of_o strongbow_n the_o king_n at_o oxford_n make_v his_o son_n john_n king_n of_o ireland_n and_o as_o our_o own_o writer_n tell_v we_o he_o divide_v the_o land_n of_o that_o kingdom_n to_o his_o subject_n as_o well_o of_o england_n as_o ireland_n to_o be_v hold_v of_o he_o and_o his_o son_n john_n he_o give_v miles_n cogan_n and_o robert_n fitz-stephens_n the_o kingdom_n of_o cork_n to_o who_o relief_n soon_o after_o arrived_n there_o richard_n cogan_n with_o a_o troop_n of_o horse_n and_o a_o company_n of_o foot_n anno._n 1184._o philip_n de_fw-fr breos_n as_o forerunner_n of_o the_o young_a king_n go_v into_o ireland_n with_o a_o small_a party_n of_o horse_n and_o foot_n the_o next_o year_n the_o young_a king_n follow_v with_o no_o army_n yet_o honourable_o attend_v and_o with_o some_o treasure_n this_o young_a counsellor_n like_o rechoboam_n handle_v the_o irish_a prince_n that_o congratulated_n his_o arrival_n so_o rough_o that_o they_o be_v provoke_v to_o rebel_n whereupon_o eight_o month_n after_o his_o arrival_n he_o leave_v that_o kingdom_n in_o a_o much_o worse_a condition_n than_o he_o find_v it_o king_n henry_n war_n in_o france_n the_o unnatural_a rebellion_n of_o his_o son_n and_o his_o other_o trouble_n permit_v he_o not_o to_o relieve_v it_o yet_o to_o pursue_v his_o former_a method_n he_o commit_v the_o government_n of_o that_o kingdom_n to_o the_o renown_a john_n de_fw-fr courty_n and_o give_v he_o a_o grant_v of_o the_o whole_a province_n of_o ulster_n then_o unsubdued_a the_o irish_a prince_n thereof_o have_v not_o hitherto_o own_v any_o subjection_n to_o england_n the_o valiant_a courcy_n with_o 3_o or_o 400_o of_o his_o friend_n and_o follower_n with_o the_o force_n then_o in_o ireland_n not_o only_o reduce_v the_o rebel_n in_o the_o other_o three_o province_n to_o their_o former_a subjection_n but_o also_o bring_v ulster_n under_o the_o english_a yoke_n richard_n i._o be_v so_o take_v up_o with_o his_o expedition_n to_o the_o holy_a land_n the_o perfidy_n of_o the_o french_a king_n and_o his_o unhappy_a detention_n by_o the_o emperor_n that_o he_o concern_v not_o himself_o with_o the_o affair_n of_o ireland_n that_o i_o find_v further_a than_o that_o he_o marry_v isabel_n the_o sole_a heiress_n of_o strongbow_n to_o william_n maxfield_n earl-marshal_n of_o england_n who_o be_v also_o in_o right_a of_o his_o wife_n make_v earl_n of_o pembroke_n and_o p._n of_o leinster_n this_o earl_n leave_v issue_n of_o that_o marriage_n five_o son_n who_o succeed_v each_o other_o to_o their_o father_n honour_n and_o estate_n yet_o die_v issueless_a and_o five_o daughter_n who_o fortune_n in_o ireland_n and_o wales_n recommend_v they_o to_o the_o great_a pear_n of_o england_n as_o joyce_n the_o elder_a to_o earl_n warren_n who_o have_v with_o she_o the_o county_n of_o wexford_n of_o who_o come_v the_o earl_n of_o march_n etc._n etc._n matilda_n the_o second_o have_v the_o county_n of_o catherlow_n and_o marry_a hugh_n bigod_n earl_n of_o norfolk_n isabel_n the_o three_o daughter_n have_v the_o county_n of_o kilkenny_n and_o marry_v the_o earl_n of_o gloucester_n and_o hereford_n sibylla_n the_o four_o have_v the_o county_n of_o kildare_n and_o marry_a william_n ferrars_n earl_n of_o ferrars_n and_o derby_n eva_n the_o five_o daughter_n have_v the_o manor_n of_o dunmas_n now_o call_v the_o queen_n county_n and_o marry_v the_o lord_n bruise_v of_o gower_n whereby_o the_o revenue_n of_o those_o five_o county_n become_v transmittable_a annual_o into_o england_n these_o lady_n cambden_n tell_v we_o enrich_v their_o husband_n with_o child_n honour_n and_o possession_n king_n john_n have_v receive_v 1000_o mark_n from_o volois_n lord_n justice_n of_o ireland_n to_o discharge_v he_o without_o account_n for_o the_o revenue_n he_o have_v receive_v of_o that_o kingdom_n soon_o after_o commit_v the_o government_n thereof_o to_o walter_n and_o hugh_n lacie_n who_o abuse_v his_o authority_n not_o only_o to_o the_o oppression_n of_o the_o irish_a but_o to_o the_o subversion_n of_o many_o of_o the_o best_a english_a family_n also_o to_o that_o degree_n that_o our_o writer_n say_v their_o exaction_n oppression_n and_o tyranny_n murder_n may_v be_v add_v be_v intolerable_a yet_o king_n john_n instead_o of_o ease_v those_o pressure_n if_o we_o believe_v grafton_n and_o fabian_n impose_v tax_n on_o the_o people_n of_o ireland_n towards_o his_o war_n with_o france_n much_o great_a than_o they_o be_v able_a to_o bear_v so_o that_o by_o overstretch_v he_o crack_v the_o string_n of_o the_o irish_a harp_n whereon_o for_o sometime_o after_o be_v only_o hear_v the_o discordant_a sound_n of_o revolt_n rapine_n and_o war_n in_o every_o corner_n to_o quell_v which_o the_o 25_o of_o may_v 1210._o the_o king_n himself_o land_v near_o waterford_n with_o a_o army_n their_o number_n no_o where_o give_v we_o the_o irish_a king_n and_o great_a lord_n immediate_o appease_v he_o by_o submission_n homage_n and_o tribute_n he_o grant_v the_o english_a subject_n in_o ireland_n the_o benefit_n of_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la and_o the_o law_n of_o england_n he_o settle_v twelve_o county_n appoint_a court_n judge_n circuit_n and_o corporation_n as_o in_o england_n he_o grant_v vast_a scope_n of_o land_n to_o his_o great_a english_a lord_n in_o knight_n service_n for_o small_a rent_n for_o 2500_o mark_n he_o restore_v walter_n lacie_n and_o for_o 4000_o mark_n hugh_n lacie_n and_o return_v into_o england_n in_o august_n the_o same_o year_n in_o the_o year_n 1213_o be_v threaten_v with_o a_o invasion_n from_o france_n he_o receive_v from_o ireland_n 500_o man_n at_o arm_n well_o appoint_v and_o a_o great_a

where_o give_v we_o he_o undertake_v for_o 11213_o l._n 6_o s._n 8_o d._n per_fw-la annum_fw-la to_o bear_v the_o whole_a charge_n of_o that_o kingdom_n both_o civil_a and_o military_a during_o his_o government_n he_o obtain_v 5000_o l._n of_o the_o parliament_n of_o that_o kingdom_n towards_o maintenance_n of_o the_o king_n war_n which_o i_o presume_v be_v those_o with_o france_n richard_n ii_o anno_fw-la 1384._o commit_v the_o government_n of_o ireland_n to_o robert_n vere_n earl_n of_o oxford_n and_o duke_n of_o ireland_n during_o his_o life_n with_o power_n to_o receive_v the_o whole_a revenue_n without_o account_n and_o to_o keep_v a_o army_n of_o 1000_o archer_n and_o 500_o man_n at_o arm_n for_o two_o year_n but_o i_o do_v not_o find_v that_o either_o he_o or_o his_o man_n go_v thither_o for_o the_o king_n affection_n to_o he_o be_v such_o that_o he_o will_v not_o bear_v his_o absence_n yet_o he_o continue_v lord_n lieutenant_n seven_o or_o eight_o year_n during_o which_o he_o constitute_v several_a deputy_n and_o receive_v most_o of_o the_o profit_n of_o that_o government_n to_o his_o own_o use_n the_o king_n be_v reproach_v abroad_o that_o he_o can_v neither_o rule_v england_n keep_v his_o part_n in_o france_n nor_o finish_v the_o conquest_n of_o ireland_n he_o resolve_v to_o retrieve_v his_o reputation_n in_o respect_n of_o the_o last_o to_o that_o end_n he_o take_v ship_n in_o october_n 1394_o and_o land_v at_o waterford_n with_o a_o army_n of_o 34000_o man_n but_o to_o little_a purpose_n partly_o for_o that_o he_o suffer_v himself_o to_o be_v cheat_v as_o be_v his_o predecessor_n by_o the_o feign_a submission_n of_o most_o of_o the_o irish_a prince_n and_o great_a lord_n who_o on_o his_o arrival_n humble_v themselves_o some_o of_o who_o quit_v all_o title_n to_o their_o estate_n in_o leinster_n and_o condition_v with_o their_o sword_n under_o the_o king_n pay_v to_o carve_v out_o estate_n for_o themselves_o in_o other_o part_n of_o the_o kingdom_n with_o which_o the_o king_n be_v constrain_v to_o be_v satisfy_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o clamour_n and_o importunity_n of_o the_o clergy_n of_o england_n who_o constant_a hatred_n of_o reformation_n and_o fear_v that_o the_o enormity_n of_o their_o life_n and_o corruption_n of_o their_o doctrine_n shall_v be_v expose_v by_o the_o wickl_n fit_v cause_v they_o to_o send_v the_o bishop_n of_o york_n and_o london_n to_o hasten_v the_o king_n return_n the_o truth_n be_v they_o want_v the_o royal_a authority_n for_o persecution_n of_o the_o innocent_a and_o suppression_n of_o the_o truth_n to_o gratify_v their_o importunity_n the_o king_n return_v at_o shrovetide_n or_o easter_n follow_v have_v sufficient_a power_n but_o not_o time_n to_o do_v any_o thing_n considerable_a at_o his_o departure_n he_o leave_v roger_n mortimer_n earl_n of_o march_z his_o lord_n lieutenant_z who_o in_o right_a of_o his_o wife_n be_v earl_n of_o ulster_n lord_n of_o conaught_n meath_z and_o clare_n and_o next_o heir_n to_o the_o crown_n he_o be_v murder_v there_o four_o year_n after_o it_o be_v customary_a until_o near_o this_o time_n for_o the_o lord_n chancellor_n to_o pay_v annual_o 2000_o mark_n into_o the_o exchequer_n for_o the_o use_n of_o the_o great_a seal_n which_o go_v a_o great_a way_n towards_o bear_v the_o charge_n of_o that_o kingdom_n in_o peaceable_a time_n but_o the_o fee_n be_v much_o abate_v that_o branch_n of_o the_o revenue_n do_v so_o too_o in_o revenge_n of_o the_o murder_n of_o the_o earl_n of_o march_n king_n richard_n go_v thither_o again_o in_o april_n 1398._o with_o such_o a_o army_n as_o with_o their_o necessary_n and_o follower_n take_v up_o a_o fleet_n of_o 300_o ship_n the_o irish_a general_o mollify_v he_o by_o their_o old_a method_n of_o submission_n the_o obstinate_a he_o intend_v to_o have_v subdue_v but_o the_o tiding_n that_o the_o duke_n of_o lancaster_n afterward_o hen._n iv._o be_v land_v in_o england_n and_o claim_v the_o crown_n call_v he_o back_o so_o that_o he_o land_v in_o england_n the_o 24_o of_o june_n follow_v and_o soon_o after_o for_o his_o maladministration_n lose_v first_o his_o crown_n and_o liberty_n by_o order_n of_o parliament_n and_o then_o his_o life_n by_o the_o hand_n of_o villain_n the_o clergy_n nor_o parliament_n of_o those_o time_n have_v not_o imbibe_v the_o doctrine_n of_o nonresistance_n or_o passive_a obedience_n or_o that_o the_o crown_n can_v not_o be_v forfeit_v by_o maladministration_n or_o that_o it_o can_v not_o for_o the_o good_a and_o preservation_n of_o the_o community_n be_v transfer_v or_o that_o any_o legal_a possessor_n of_o it_o may_v disseise_v the_o subject_a of_o his_o liberty_n or_o franchise_n or_o take_v away_o and_o dispose_v their_o estate_n at_o pleasure_n you_o must_v know_v that_o from_o the_o time_n of_o king_n hen._n ii_o his_o expedition_n into_o ireland_n until_o this_o time_n ireland_n be_v of_o the_o same_o use_n to_o the_o crown_n that_o tangier_n and_o the_o pretence_n of_o a_o war_n with_o france_n be_v to_o charles_n ii_o richard_n ii_o have_v often_o and_o now_o hen._n iu._n begin_v to_o desire_v money_n from_o the_o parliament_n of_o england_n for_o supply_v of_o ireland_n and_o have_v a_o subsidy_n grant_v for_o three_o year_n of_o 50_o s._n for_o every_o sack_n of_o wool_n skin_n and_o woolfel_n from_o every_o denizen_n and_o 4_o l._n from_o every_o stranger_n also_o one_o ten_o and_o one_o fifteen_o for_o support_n of_o his_o war_n with_o scotland_n relief_n of_o calais_n and_o ireland_n but_o he_o find_v so_o much_o use_v for_o it_o in_o england_n that_o i_o do_v not_o find_v that_o one_o penny_n of_o it_o go_v thither_o but_o on_o the_o other_o side_n be_v in_o war_n with_o scotland_n the_o english_a of_o ireland_n fight_v the_o scot_n in_o his_o quarrel_n at_o sea_n where_o many_o of_o the_o first_o be_v kill_v and_o drown_v in_o 1405_o they_o take_v three_o scotch_a ship_n and_o their_o commander_n and_o twice_o in_o favour_n of_o england_n invade_v scotland_n with_o good_a success_n and_o the_o same_o year_n invade_v wales_n do_v much_o harm_n to_o the_o welsh_a and_o carry_v away_o good_a booty_n this_o king_n make_v the_o duke_n of_o lancaster_n lord_n lieutenant_n of_o ireland_n for_o seven_o year_n he_o go_v thither_o in_o 1401._o and_o return_v into_o england_n in_o 1403._o his_o entertainment_n or_o salary_n be_v but_o 666_o l._n 13_o s._n 4_o d._n per_fw-la annum_fw-la and_o it_o be_v because_o he_o be_v the_o king_n son_n that_o it_o be_v so_o much_o so_o inconsiderable_a be_v the_o army_n that_o be_v keep_v up_o in_o ireland_n that_o it_o be_v a_o honour_n place_v on_o this_o duke_n that_o he_o be_v permit_v to_o have_v a_o army_n of_o 1500_o man_n in_o all_o ireland_n though_o many_o of_o the_o irish_a be_v in_o rebellion_n and_o so_o frugal_o be_v the_o affair_n of_o that_o kingdom_n manage_v that_o this_o duke_n be_v limit_v to_o keep_v up_o that_o army_n but_o for_o three_o year_n about_o lammas_n 1408._o the_o duke_n of_o lancaster_n go_v into_o ireland_n a_o second_o time_n and_o narrow_o escape_v be_v kill_v by_o some_o of_o the_o rebel_n at_o his_o arrival_n there_o he_o compel_v the_o earl_n of_o kildare_n to_o pay_v he_o 300_o mark_n for_o his_o maladministration_n he_o have_v a_o tallage_n grant_v he_o by_o the_o parliament_n of_o ireland_n and_o return_v into_o england_n next_o march_n after_o his_o land_n in_o ireland_n whoever_o look_v into_o the_o trouble_n of_o this_o king_n reign_n will_v see_v that_o he_o can_v supply_v ireland_n neither_o with_o man_n nor_o money_n hen._n v._o be_v so_o full_o take_v up_o with_o his_o conquest_n in_o france_n that_o he_o mind_v ireland_n no_o further_a than_o to_o draw_v supply_n thence_o which_o he_o do_v anno_fw-la 1412._o under_o the_o earl_n of_o ormond_n and_o in_o 1417_o the_o prior_n of_o kilmainham_n with_o 1600_o in_o mail_n with_o dart_n and_o skeyn_n all_o tall_a nimble_a man_n arrive_v at_o the_o camp_n before_o roven_n and_o joyful_o accept_v the_o most_o dangerous_a post_n wherein_o they_o so_o acquit_v themselves_o that_o our_o writer_n tell_v we_o no_o man_n be_v more_o praise_v nor_o do_v more_o harm_n to_o their_o enemy_n for_o by_o their_o agility_n of_o body_n and_o swiftness_n of_o foot_n they_o do_v more_o mischief_n the_o enemy_n than_o their_o barded_a horse_n do_v hurt_v to_o the_o nimble_a irish_a and_o in_o the_o seven_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n the_o french_a historian_n tell_v we_o that_o the_o irish_a do_v overrun_v all_o the_o isle_n of_o france_n do_v innumerable_a damage_n to_o the_o french_a and_o daily_o bring_v victual_n and_o prey_v to_o the_o english_a army_n which_o so_o terrify_v the_o french_a about_o paris_n that_o they_o flee_v and_o leave_v the_o country_n desolate_a the_o parliament_n of_o

l._n for_o three_o year_n to_o the_o irish_a revenue_n he_o will_v engage_v with_o both_o to_o defray_v the_o whole_a charge_n of_o the_o kingdom_n maintain_v 2000_o foot_n and_o 400_o horse_n wall_n seven_o considerable_a town_n erect_v seven_o great_a bridge_n and_o build_v seven_o strong_a castle_n but_o she_o comply_v not_o therewith_o however_o in_o 1585._o in_o order_n to_o put_v that_o kingdom_n into_o a_o good_a posture_n of_o defence_n and_o of_o little_a charge_n to_o the_o queen_n the_o lord_n deputy_n appoint_v a_o gross_a survey_n to_o be_v take_v of_o the_o province_n of_o conaught_n and_o thomond_n whereby_o they_o be_v find_v to_o contain_v 8095._o plowland_n profitable_a the_o proprietor_n of_o which_o agree_v to_o pay_v the_o queen_n a_o chief_a rent_n of_o about_o 4000_o l._n per_fw-la annum_fw-la and_o to_o find_v 1254_o foot_n and_o 264_o horse_n for_o the_o queen_n service_n within_o that_o province_n and_o 347_o foot_n and_o 108_o horse_n at_o any_o time_n for_o 40_o day_n in_o any_o part_n of_o ireland_n a_o militia_n also_o be_v settle_v in_o munster_n of_o 4500_o billman_n and_o 900_o shot_n and_o the_o queen_n be_v entitle_v to_o near_o 600000_o acre_n of_o land_n by_o the_o forfeiture_n of_o desmond_n and_o his_o accomplice_n his_o particular_a rent_n be_v above_o 7000_o l._n per_fw-la anmum_fw-la she_o grant_v those_o in_o kerry_n conilagh_n and_o limerick_n together_o at_o 2_o d._n per_fw-la acre_n those_o in_o waterford_n and_o cork_n at_o 3_o d._n per_fw-la acre_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la quitrent_n every_o 300_o acre_n find_v a_o horseman_n and_o every_o 200_o acre_n a_o footman_n arm_v for_o her_o service_n a_o militia_n be_v thus_o settle_v the_o queen_n in_o 1587._o remand_v 1000_o soldier_n out_o of_o ireland_n which_o she_o send_v into_o holland_n and_o that_o kingdom_n enjoy_v a_o kind_n of_o tranquillity_n for_o above_o twelve_o year_n in_o 1597._o tyrone_n and_o other_o break_v but_o into_o rebellion_n whereupon_o general_n norris_n with_o 3000_o man_n be_v send_v thither_o but_o the_o success_n of_o the_o rebel_n require_v great_a force_n so_o that_o 100_o horse_n and_o 2000_o foot_n more_o be_v send_v thither_o three_o year_n after_o in_o 1598._o the_o government_n of_o that_o kingdom_n be_v commit_v to_o robert_n earl_n of_o essex_n with_o power_n from_o england_n to_o increase_v the_o army_n there_o which_o be_v about_o 8000_o man_n unto_o 20000_o horse_n and_o foot_n yet_o this_o brave_a but_o unfortunate_a earl_n effect_v little_a the_o lord_n mountjoy_n succeed_v in_o that_o government_n who_o with_o 15200_o horse_n and_o foot_n that_o he_o find_v there_o and_o 2000_o man_n that_o be_v send_v he_o in_o 1601._o from_o england_n expel_v the_o spaniard_n suppress_v the_o most_o general_a and_o formidable_a rebellion_n that_o until_o then_o have_v happen_v in_o that_o kingdom_n and_o therewith_o finish_v the_o entire_a conquest_n of_o that_o kingdom_n wherein_o this_o queen_n employ_v more_o force_n and_o spend_v more_o treasure_n than_o all_o her_o progenitor_n for_o we_o be_v tell_v that_o it_o cost_v she_o eleven_o hundred_o ninety_o one_o thousand_o two_o hundred_o forty_o eight_o pound_n sterling_a beside_o the_o revenue_n of_o that_o kingdom_n cambden_n suggest_v it_o be_v the_o ill_a choice_n of_o officer_n lenity_n and_o parsimony_n of_o the_o queen_n and_o some_o about_o she_o that_o occasion_v her_o great_a expense_n for_o that_o have_v the_o work_n be_v effectual_o set_v upon_o with_o competent_a force_n and_o treasure_n it_o may_v have_v be_v perfect_v with_o a_o quarter_n of_o the_o charge_n the_o english_a in_o ireland_n at_o this_o time_n be_v general_o papist_n be_v very_o backward_o in_o grant_v supply_n against_o such_o as_o break_v out_o into_o rebellion_n for_o though_o by_o the_o vigilance_n of_o the_o government_n many_o of_o they_o be_v awe_v and_o hinder_v from_o join_v with_o those_o in_o open_a rebellion_n yet_o be_v their_o heart_n so_o much_o with_o they_o that_o they_o not_o only_o obstruct_v the_o grant_n of_o money_n to_o the_o queen_n but_o part_v with_o much_o to_o rome_n where_o they_o purchase_v pardon_n for_o not_o actual_o and_o open_o join_v with_o the_o rebel_n the_o principle_n of_o that_o religion_n teach_v they_o that_o it_o be_v sin_n not_o to_o rob_v murder_n and_o rebel_n however_o the_o chief_a governor_n and_o protestant_n party_n prevail_v so_o far_o as_o to_o gain_v their_o parliament_n in_o the_o second_o of_o the_o queen_n reign_n to_o grant_v she_o the_o first_o fruit_n and_o twenty_o part_n of_o all_o ecclesiastical_a live_n in_o her_o 11_o tear_v a_o subsidy_n as_o also_o a_o custom_n on_o wine_n and_o at_o several_a time_n many_o large_a scope_n of_o land_n on_o the_o attainder_n of_o archrebel_n the_o chief_a governor_n there_o indeed_o by_o ancient_a usage_n do_v on_o every_o march_n of_o the_o army_n etc._n etc._n cess_n the_o country_n discretionary_o for_o their_o support_n which_o be_v some_o help_n the_o result_n of_o what_o have_v be_v hitherto_o say_v be_v this_o that_o strongbow_n conquer_a most_o of_o the_o province_n of_o leinster_n hugh_n de_fw-fr lacie_n conquer_a meath_z cogan_n fitz-stephens_n bruce_n and_o poer_n the_o province_n of_o munster_n bourke_n and_o de_fw-fr claro_fw-la part_n of_o conaught_n and_o thomond_n sir_n john_n de_fw-fr courcy_n conquer_a much_o of_o ulster_n that_o all_o this_o be_v do_v with_o little_a or_o inconsiderable_a charge_n to_o the_o crown_n for_o the_o first_o 400_o year_n which_o reach_v to_o the_o middle_n of_o queen_n elizabeth_n reign_n except_v in_o those_o expedition_n of_o henry_n ii_o king_n john_n and_o richard_n ii_o the_o last_o of_o who_o only_o carry_v over_o a_o army_n capable_a of_o do_v any_o considerable_a service_n the_o most_o part_n of_o that_o there_o be_v no_o stand_a army_n keep_v in_o that_o kingdom_n at_o the_o charge_n of_o england_n except_o what_o be_v pay_v by_o the_o irish_a revenue_n that_o when_o army_n be_v raise_v they_o seldom_o exceed_v a_o regiment_n or_o two_o and_o be_v only_o keep_v up_o during_o the_o chief_a governor_n be_v upon_o service_n against_o some_o particular_a rebel_n for_o at_o his_o return_n to_o dublin_n or_o in_o the_o begin_n of_o winter_n they_o be_v usual_o disband_v that_o the_o whole_a charge_n of_o the_o civil_a list_n of_o which_o i_o have_v the_o particular_n in_o edward_n iii_o his_o time_n be_v but_o 308_o l._n per_fw-la annum_fw-la towards_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o who_o reign_n in_o a_o time_n of_o rebellion_n when_o a_o army_n be_v send_v thither_o the_o whole_a charge_n of_o both_o civil_a and_o military_a list_n be_v but_o 11213_o l._n 6_o s._n 8_o d._n per_fw-la annum_fw-la that_o in_o 1442._o that_o kingdom_n be_v weaken_v drain_v and_o impoverish_v by_o the_o supply_v afford_v thence_o to_o england_n their_o parliament_n represent_v it_o to_o henry_n vi_o as_o a_o mighty_a evidence_n of_o the_o deplorable_a condition_n of_o that_o kingdom_n that_o the_o expense_n thereof_o in_o that_o waste_a condition_n surmount_v the_o revenue_n 1456_o l._n per_fw-la annum_fw-la that_o in_o edward_n iu._n his_o time_n that_o kingdom_n be_v defend_v only_o by_o the_o fraternity_n of_o st._n george_n who_o be_v whole_o pay_v out_o of_o the_o custom_n there_o that_o in_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o that_o king_n reign_n the_o earl_n of_o kildare_n do_v undertake_v for_o 600_o l._n per_fw-la annum_fw-la to_o keep_v the_o whole_a kingdom_n in_o peace_n that_o in_o 1543._o the_o stand_a army_n be_v but_o 525_o horse_n and_o foot_n and_o the_o whole_a charge_n of_o the_o kingdom_n but_o 10500_o l._n per_fw-la annum_fw-la the_o certain_a revenue_n thereof_o be_v then_o 8700_o l._n per_fw-la annum_fw-la beside_o custom_n first_o fruit_n tribute_n etc._n etc._n which_o can_v not_o but_o make_v up_o the_o revenue_n so_o as_o to_o surmount_v that_o charge_n that_o consider_v the_o numerous_a and_o frequent_a supply_n of_o man_n provision_n and_o money_n that_o our_o king_n from_o time_n to_o time_n receive_v from_o ireland_n against_o france_n scotland_n and_o wales_n it_o be_v not_o easy_a to_o determine_v whether_o ireland_n receive_v much_o more_o from_o england_n than_o england_n receive_v from_o the_o english_a planter_n of_o ireland_n that_o for_o a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o first_o 400_o year_n the_o revenue_n be_v great_a that_o our_o english_a landlord_n yearly_o draw_v thence_o for_o the_o rent_n of_o the_o vast_a scope_n of_o land_n that_o they_o be_v seize_v of_o in_o that_o kingdom_n that_o ireland_n be_v almost_o from_o the_o first_o conquest_n to_o the_o end_n of_o queen_n elizabeth_n reign_n in_o a_o state_n of_o war_n be_v whole_o supply_v with_o all_o commodity_n in_o a_o way_n of_o trade_n from_o england_n whereby_o this_o kingdom_n receive_v considerable_a advantage_n that_o if_o we_o allow_v that_o the_o government_n of_o england_n have_v be_v

to_o support_v our_o charge_n and_o enrich_v we_o for_o whatsoever_o the_o revenue_n of_o ireland_n amount_v to_o yearly_a above_o the_o charge_n of_o that_o kingdom_n have_v be_v and_o will_v be_v transmit_v into_o england_n and_o be_v so_o much_o clear_a profit_n to_o the_o king_n and_o this_o kingdom_n they_o be_v yearly_o liable_a to_o we_o for_o more_o than_o we_o receive_v in_o commodity_n thence_o and_o therefore_o much_o of_o what_o their_o merchant_n send_v to_o france_n spain_n etc._n etc._n on_o their_o own_o proper_a account_n be_v return_v by_o exchange_n or_o bring_v in_o foreign_a coin_n into_o england_n so_o that_o they_o seem_v to_o subsist_v by_o miracle_n however_o they_o be_v in_o a_o thrive_a condition_n when_o king_n james_n ii_o ascend_v the_o throne_n nor_o be_v the_o advantage_n small_a to_o england_n nor_o to_o our_o nobility_n and_o gentry_n that_o whilst_o the_o elder_a brother_n gentleman_n of_o estate_n here_o justle_v and_o scuffle_v for_o office_n and_o preferment_n and_o think_v all_o too_o little_a for_o they_o that_o their_o young_a brother_n have_v ireland_n to_o repair_v unto_o in_o shoal_n on_o every_o change_n of_o government_n there_o which_o usual_o happen_v every_o three_o or_o four_o year_n where_o they_o meet_v with_o office_n employment_n and_o preferment_n both_o of_o honour_n and_o profit_n ecclesiastical_a civil_a and_o military_a and_o frequent_o arrive_v at_o considerable_a estate_n or_o a_o way_n of_o livelihood_n whereby_o they_o live_v as_o plentiful_o and_o content_o though_o perhaps_o not_o so_o splendid_o as_o their_o elder_a brother_n here_o nor_o be_v this_o advantage_n limit_v to_o the_o nobility_n and_o gentry_n only_o for_o england_n breed_v more_o mechanic_n than_o it_o can_v maintain_v the_o surcharge_n of_o these_o that_o by_o their_o stay_n here_o will_v but_o impoverish_v the_o rest_n find_v work_n and_o livelihood_n in_o ireland_n as_o do_v many_o decay_a family_n that_o repair_v thither_o yearly_o for_o bread_n and_o be_v receive_v there_o with_o great_a humanity_n and_o kindness_n it_o be_v ignorance_n envy_n french_a gold_n or_o wicked_a and_o treacherous_a design_n that_o put_v man_n upon_o quarrel_v with_o the_o trade_n situation_n or_o improvement_n of_o ireland_n as_o prejudicial_a or_o inconvenient_a to_o england_n for_o the_o fair_a spacious_a and_o safe_a harbour_n on_o the_o south_n and_o south-west_n coast_n of_o ireland_n furnish_v our_o merchant_n ship_n in_o their_o voyage_n to_o asia_n africa_n and_o return_v from_o america_n and_o most_o part_n of_o europe_n not_o only_o with_o commodious_a shelter_n and_o refreshment_n in_o storm_n tempest_n and_o other_o extremity_n at_o sea_n but_o also_o retreat_n refuge_n and_o security_n from_o pirate_n and_o enemy_n in_o time_n of_o war._n and_o ireland_n by_o its_o situation_n lie_v convenient_o not_o only_o for_o security_n and_o advice_n for_o our_o merchant_n fleet_n in_o time_n of_o war_n but_o also_o to_o intercept_v and_o interrupt_v the_o trade_n of_o our_o enemy_n and_o how_o light_o soever_o these_o advantage_n may_v be_v pass_v over_o by_o those_o that_o possible_o for_o french-gold_n will_v cut_v untwist_v or_o weaken_v our_o threefold_a cord_n yet_o they_o be_v obvious_a enough_o to_o all_o consider_v unbiased_a statesman_n merchant_n and_o navigator_n for_o let_v it_o be_v consider_v that_o the_o great_a currant_n of_o trade_n run_v between_o england_n and_o france_n and_o that_o be_v the_o port_n of_o ireland_n and_o france_n in_o one_o hand_n or_o both_o in_o war_n with_o we_o that_o either_o much_o more_o both_o will_v shut_v up_o and_o damage_n if_o not_o ruin_v our_o trade_n in_o that_o in_o the_o latter_a case_n it_o may_v be_v do_v mere_o by_o privateer_n without_o the_o expense_n of_o a_o great_a and_o chargeable_a fleet_n as_o our_o merchant_n already_o find_v in_o part_n to_o their_o great_a cost_n and_o loss_n thus_o you_o see_v that_o ireland_n be_v beneficial_a to_o england_n by_o employ_v above_o 300_o sail_n of_o ship_n constant_o together_o with_o the_o hand_n and_o trade_n that_o depend_v on_o they_o that_o it_o take_v off_o considerable_a quantity_n of_o our_o natural_a product_n of_o our_o manufacture_n and_o of_o our_o import_v commodity_n which_o yield_v employment_n to_o our_o people_n contribute_v to_o keep_v up_o the_o rent_n of_o our_o land_n and_o enrich_v our_o merchant_n that_o almost_o all_o the_o commodity_n we_o receive_v thence_o be_v not_o only_o useful_a but_o necessary_a to_o we_o to_o enable_v our_o manufacturer_n and_o employ_v multitude_n of_o our_o people_n that_o our_o foreign_a trade_n be_v increase_v by_o the_o commodity_n our_o merchant_n ship_n off_o from_o ireland_n which_o they_o can_v have_v no_o where_o else_o and_o lie_v there_o convenient_o for_o our_o ship_n to_o take_v in_o in_o their_o way_n to_o their_o proper_a market_n that_o we_o receive_v thence_o yearly_o above_o 240000_o l._n beside_o many_o other_o advantage_n that_o many_o young_a brother_n and_o supernumerary_a artisan_n and_o family_n that_o fall_v to_o decay_v and_o that_o can_v subsist_v here_o be_v receive_v and_o entertain_v with_o kindness_n in_o ireland_n where_o they_o grow_v rich_a or_o at_o least_o subsist_v that_o the_o situation_n of_o that_o kingdom_n be_v so_o far_o from_o be_v prejudicial_a to_o england_n that_o it_o be_v commodious_a for_o the_o shelter_n security_n and_o enlargement_n of_o our_o trade_n that_o be_v there_o no_o such_o place_n we_o shall_v want_v employment_n for_o at_o least_o 300000_o of_o our_o people_n and_o sale_n for_o a_o good_a part_n of_o our_o product_n and_o manufacture_n that_o shall_v ireland_n continue_v in_o the_o hand_n of_o our_o enemy_n many_o of_o our_o people_n will_v be_v beggar_v most_o of_o our_o foreign_a trade_n be_v great_o endanger_v and_o obstruct_v if_o not_o ruin_v so_o that_o without_o further_a consideration_n of_o this_o matter_n i_o do_v conclude_v that_o as_o ireland_n be_v the_o ancient_a so_o it_o be_v the_o most_o noble_a and_o profitable_a acquisition_n that_o ever_o england_n make_v though_o it_o be_v but_o little_o more_o than_o twenty_o year_n since_o the_o stand_a revenue_n of_o that_o kingdom_n do_v considerable_o surmount_v the_o charge_n of_o it_o yet_o our_o king_n ever_o since_o king_n john_n time_n have_v draw_v large_a supply_n not_o only_o of_o man_n but_o also_o of_o money_n from_o ireland_n k._n james_n and_o k._n charles_n the_o first_o receive_v several_a sum_n of_o money_n thence_o which_o with_o the_o advantage_n by_o trade_n and_o most_o of_o the_o forementioned_a particular_n have_v render_v ireland_n considerable_a to_o england_n for_o near_o 500_o year_n past_a you_o take_v notice_n that_o our_o nobility_n clergy_n and_o gentry_n have_v imbibe_v a_o notion_n that_o the_o abatement_n of_o the_o rent_n of_o land_n in_o england_n for_o twenty_o six_o year_n past_a have_v be_v occasion_v by_o the_o improvement_n of_o ireland_n in_o that_o time_n and_o thence_o you_o raise_v your_o three_o query_n whether_o the_o improvement_n of_o ireland_n be_v not_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o abatement_n of_o rent_n of_o land_n in_o england_n or_o whence_o else_o have_v it_o come_v that_o rent_n of_o land_n have_v fall_v one_o five_o part_n since_o the_o year_n 1662._o to_o set_v you_o right_o in_o this_o matter_n it_o be_v expedient_a that_o i_o lay_v before_o you_o the_o true_a state_n of_o that_o kingdom_n and_o its_o trade_n whereby_o you_o will_v be_v able_a to_o see_v the_o folly_n of_o our_o suspicion_n and_o the_o difficulty_n if_o not_o impossibility_n of_o receive_v prejudice_n by_o the_o improvement_n of_o ireland_n at_o least_o in_o this_o or_o the_o next_o age_n unless_o we_o enforce_v it_o by_o bear_v too_o hard_o on_o they_o as_o we_o do_v in_o the_o business_n of_o cattle_n and_o compel_v they_o to_o better_a husbandry_n at_o home_n and_o to_o more_o foreign_a trade_n than_o they_o be_v any_o way_n dispose_v to_o or_o prepare_v for_o and_o then_o i_o will_v show_v you_o whence_o it_o be_v that_o our_o land_n have_v fall_v so_o much_o in_o their_o rent_n ireland_n be_v indeed_o a_o island_n that_o for_o extent_n of_o acre_n richness_n of_o soil_n salubrity_n of_o air_n numerousness_n of_o good_a river_n and_o havens_n variety_n of_o fishing_n native_a product_n and_o material_n fit_v to_o be_v improve_v into_o manufacture_n situation_n for_o trade_n etc._n etc._n come_v behind_o few_o island_n in_o the_o world_n yet_o it_o have_v hitherto_o advance_v but_o very_o little_a in_o trade_n riches_n or_o improvement_n although_o it_o have_v for_o 518_o year_n own_a subjection_n to_o england_n and_o be_v in_o great_a measure_n inhabit_a by_o britain_n to_o that_o degree_n that_o three_o fourth_n of_o the_o present_a papist_n there_o be_v of_o british_a extraction_n who_o yet_o by_o the_o influence_n of_o that_o pernicious_a religion_n be_v as_o much_o dispose_v to_o mischief_n and_o