was proposed that Prince Ferdinand should Marry the youngest Daughter of France and her Portion should be the States of Milan and Genoa and King Ferdinand should give his Grandson the Kingdom of Naples These were only Contrivances to gain time especially on the King of France his part who dreaded the English breaking into Picardy by the way of Calais King Henry laid Siege to Therouenne and having defeated the French that came to relieve it took and dismantled it Then he sat down before Tournay at such time as the Earl of Surry in England vanquished and killed the King of Scots who in favour of the French invaded England Hereupon Tournay surrendred There the Emperor Princess Margaret and Prince Charles came to see the King of England Thence they went to Lisle where it was agreed as soon as the Truce was expired the Emperor and Kings of England and Spain should each on their own Side Invade France King Ferdinand was to conquer Guienne for the English but it appeared he did not approve of this Treaty The Match before proposed betwixt Prince Charles and the King of England's Sister was confirmed and it was agreed it should be Consummated the following Year Summer being spent King Henry returned into England France was in distress the Swisse having broke through Burgundy Monsieur de la Trimoville overthrew and yet compounded with them The King of France ingag'd not to favour the Council of Pisa and to withdraw his Garrisons out of the Castles of Milan and Cremona No part of this Accord was performed except what related to submitting to the Church Whilst the other Christian Kings wasted their Forces against one another King Emanuel of Portugal enjoyed Peace at home and extended his Conquests in Africk and India On the Western Coast of Africk stands the City Azamor which is large and rich and belongs to the Kingdom of Fez. The Country about it is plentiful being watered by the River Omirabin which runs by the Town King Emanuel had some Years before this as has been said thought to possess himself of this Place by the means of one Zeiam a Moor who deceived him and made himself Master of it At this time the King fitted out a Fleet shipping aboard it 20000 Foot and 2700 Horse under the Command of the Duke of Bragança After a troublesome Voyage they landed at Azamor about Autumn Several Skirmishes passed betwixt them and the Defendants as also those that came to relieve the Place but many Men of Note among the Moors being killed the rest fled out at a Gate that could not be secured and thus the City was taken about the beginning of September Some neighbouring Places surrendred and among them the Citties of Gita and Almedina Having left a good Garrison at Azamor under the Command of Roderick Barreto and John de Meneses the Duke returned to Portugal tho' many advised to besiege the City Morocco but he said he had no such Orders This Success encouraged King Emanuel to prosecute his Conquests along the Coast of Africk on that side and therefore resigned any Pretensions he might have to Pen̄on and the City Velez upon Condition the Catholick King should not pretend to any thing along the Coast of the Kingdom of Fez even down to Cape Bojador In Italy the Viceroy entred the Territory of the Venetians by the way he took many Boats and Carts loaded with the Goods of People that fled Pieve de Saco a delightful Place where are all the Country Houses of the Venetians he plundered and burnt He passed the River Brenta and took Mistre which is as it were a Suburb of Venice At the end of the Channels are certain Houses which they call Palizas within Cannon-shot of the City Thence they Cannonaded it the Balls flying as far as the Monastery of S. Segundus but the Affront was more than the harm done Our Army was encompassed by Enemies On the one side was Treviso on the other Padua and Albiano who drew near with his Army being resolved to fight The Viceroy retired towards Vincenza and marched in one Day 14 miles tho' above 500 Carts followed the Army loaded with Baggage and Plunder Paul Baillon from Treviso and the Garrison of Padua joyned Albiano In all his Army consisted of 7000 Foot and 1200 Horse besides 10000 of the Country People that appeared upon the Mountains Albiano marched to cut off the Viceroy from Vincenza and encamped in a narrow Pass near a Town called Olmo Our Army was in great danger it being impossible to advance and dangerous to turn back yet they resolved to retire that they might draw the Enemy into the open Field They thinking our Men had fled pursued hastily and in Disorder whereupon the Viceroy by the advice of Prosper Colona and the Marquess of Pescara commanded his Germans to charge the Enemy which they did with such fury that they soon broke them The Marquess of Pescara pursued them up to the City where the Gates being shut many were drowned in the River and among them Sacromoro Visconte This done the Viceroy with the Germans and some Spaniards attacked a Body of the Enemies Horse and Foot who fortified themselves on a Hill with 5 Pieces of Cannon These also were easily put to flight This Battel was fought on the 7th of October 700 Venetian Men at Arms were killed all their Foot dispersed Paul Baillon and many others and 22 Pieces of Cannon were taken Albiano and Griti escaped The Viceroy marched to Vincenza where he stayed some Days At the same time the Castle of Bergamo was taken from the Venetians by Storm Paul Baillon was released upon his Parole that he would surrender himself again in case the Venetians would not give Alonso de Carvajal in Exchange for him Carvajal died in Prison and Baillon never returned On the 20th of November the Castle of Milan was surrendred as was that of Cremona Nothing was left the French in Lombardy but the Castle of Lanterna at Genoa The Duke layed Siege to it and the Adornos and Fliscos encamped before Genoa but were forced to retire leaving some of their Cannon behind The Pope continued the Lateran Council and admitted the French Ambassadors they in their King's Name renouncing the Council of Pisa and the Protection of the Schismaticks so the Gallican Church submitted to the Roman The Pope was concerned to see the Republick of Venice so near Destruction and underhand designed to relieve it He sent to require the Viceroy to proceed no farther against it that some Accommodation might be made Aragon was now in an Uproar on account of some Quarrel between the Earls of Ribagorça and Aranda At length the King interposing the Difference came to Tryal and the Earl of Ribagorça being found faulty was banished the Kingdom of Aragon during the King's Pleasure In the Kingdom of Naples some Towns had revolted being oppressed by their Lords And Peter de Castro tho' with much trouble reduced them all
all the Inhabitants to the Sword or sold them as Slaves King Ferdinand came to Valladolid upon the 6th of September There an opportunity was offered him of recovering the City Placencia which the late Kings had Alienated and given to the Family of Zun̄iga D. Alvaro de Zuniga dying a Grandson of his whose Father was dead before Inherited his Estate James de Zuniga Unckle to the Heir pretended he had a better Right as being Son to the deceased The Kindred was divided between both Thus the Family of the Caravajales seized the City but could not make themselves Masters of the Castle which was well defended by the Garrison King Ferdinand coming to appease that Sedition seized all D. Alvaro the new Duke surrendring and contenting himself with the Town of Bejar and its Dependancies in lieu of that City This struck a Terror into all the Nobility fearing they should be forced to restore to the King now grown strong all they had extorted from his Predecessors in times of Consusion New Tumults broke out in Aragon upon account that the Nobility were for breaking off the Association not long since formed betwixt the Cities as a thing that Curbed them They never gave over till some Years after at the Cortes held at Barcelona they obtained the Association should be dissolved for Ten Years John de Fonseca and Alvaro Arronio were sent Ambassadors to Flanders to procure the Liberty of Maximilian King of the Romans imprisoned by the People of Bruges They managed their business so well that he was Released and Reconciled to his Subjects His first Wife the Lady Mary to whom belonged the Dominion of Flanders being dead he aspired to Marry the Princess Elizabeth of Castile Her Father and Mother did not consent because she was promised in Portugal yet they offered one of that Princess's Sisters for Philip his Son and Heir Frederick the Emperor his Grandfather upon this design of Marrying him in Spain gave him the Title of Archduke of Austria whereas before they were only called Dukes The Fleet the Lord d' Albret was sitting out on the Coast of Biscay contributed much towards the obtaining the Liberty of Maximilian the People of Bruges being jealous it was designed against them The Fleet Sailed to Britany where the Duke of Orleans and his Confederates were overthrown by the King the Duke and John Gralla who Commanded the Spaniards were made Prisoners as shall be said hereafter CHAP. VIII The Masterships of all the Military Orders in Spain annexed to the Crown for ever Three Cities and other Places taken from the Moores Elizabeth Princess of Castile Married to Alonso Prince of Portugal His and his Fathers death AT the end of this Year died Gazri Lopez de Padilla Master of Calatrava Many aspired to that Dignity but King Ferdinand by virtue of a Bull obtained of Pope Innocent to that purpose annexed it to the Crown The same was afterwards done with the other Masterships whence it followed that rewards due to Soldiers were afterwards bestowed on Courtiers The usual Confusions at the Election of those Masters and the Lowness of the Kings Revenue were the cause of this Alteration In the East Bajazet the Turk gathered a mighty Army and Fleet which Allarmed all the Christian Princes but his design was against the Soldan of Egypt Only 11 Galliots of Pyrats invaded the Island of Malta and plundered it all up to the very Walls of the City This Island having Two Ports can contain any Fleet. The Ports are divided by a point of Land called of Santelmo This Point it was judged necessary to Fortifie that the Enemy might not possess themselves of the Island and from thence Infest the Coasts of the Christians A Fleet Sailed from Sicily in search of these Pyrats but came too late for they were gone with their Booty Another Fleet Sailed from Spain with Ferdinand de Acun̄a who went Viceroy into Sicily It was designed not only to defend their own Coasts but to Invade those of Africk King Ferdinand joined in a League with the King of England and House of Austria against the King of France All this tended towards subduing of the Kingdom of Naples which some of the Banished Nobility offered to King Ferdinand and others to the King of France as the more Powerful and an Enemy to the House of Aragon At the beginning of the Year 1489 1000 Horse and 2000 Foot were sent into Britany to succour the Lady Ann who succeeded her Father in that Dukedom D. Peter Sarmiento Earl of Salinas Commanded that Body The War against the Moores of Granada was of more Moment and greater advantages were expected from it therefore the King and Queen set out from Medina del Campo towards Andaluzia upon the 27th of March. The Rendezvous was at Jaen where upon a Muster the King found 12000 Horse and 50000 Foot all the choice Men in the Kingdom A good Body came from Biscay Baça was resolved upon to begin the Campaigne with By the Way that no Enemy might be left behind they took Cajor a small but strong Town This done Baça was Invested This City is Seated on the Side of a Hill down which and along the plain below it runs a small River on all other sides it is encompassed with other rising Grounds It was well Garrisoned and furnished with all Necessaries for 15 Months The Scituation did not allow any Engines to be brought up to the Walls About 1000 Horse and 2000 Foot sallied out of the City and did us some harm our Men being intangled betwixt the Channels of Water but others coming to their Relief the Enemy was repulsed with considerable loss Several other Skirmishes happened our Men destroying all the Orchards about the City Our Men could not deal with the Enemy upon equal Terms but they overpowred them in number Thus the Siege was prolonged and King Ferdinand was dubious whether he had not best raise the Siege especially because he lost many of his Men by Sickness and other accidents The Marquess of Cadiz then made a Duke advised to raise the Siege However the King resolved to continue it and the more to Curb the Besieged caused a Trench to be drawn quite round the Walls with Nine Forts at convenient distances all strongly Guarded to prevent being surprized by the Enemy Sallying All the Army was conveniently Posted about the Place and the Duke of Cadiz with 4000 Horse had charge of the Artillery Thus no relief could enter the City but they had plenty of Provisions In the Camp there was great scarcity of Bread and Money and yet fresh Troops came in daily About October came the Dukes of Najara and Alva in Mourning for their Father lately deceased The Admiral also came and the Marquis de Astorga Soon after arrived the Queen with the Princess Elizabeth the Cardinal of Toledo and other Prelates The Queens coming as I believe altered the resolution of the Besieged believing now the Siege was fixed Hazen the
The Earl of Muro Governour of Apulia was commanded to go and reside at his Government and Michael de Ajerve to the Mountain of Abruzzo All had Orders to favour the Execution of Justice CHAP. VIII The Death of the Queen of France Truce betwixt France and Spain prolong'd The Affairs of Portugal ON the 9th of January 1514. dy'd the Queen of France Among others sent to condole with that King was F. Bernard de Mesa Bishop of Trin̄opoli from Queen Germana he had also Orders to sollicite for the Dukedom of Nemours and Lordship of Narbonne to which the Queen was Heiress upon the Death of her Brother Gaston de Foix. Ramiro Nun̄o de Guzman was sent Ambassador to Rome by King Ferdinand By the way on the 5th of March he concluded a Treaty with the Genoeses by which the King was obliged to protect that State and they to assist the King At the same time the Adornos were treating with the Swiss about changing the Government of that City In France the Bishop of Trinopoli again revived the Discourse of marrying that King's youngest Daughter to Prince Ferdinand in Order to a Peace and also of matching the King of France then a Widdower with Ellenor Sister to Prince Charles The Emperor and Venetians at last referred the Decision of the Differences between them to the Pope yet so that King Ferdinand should approve of his Decision On the 18th of March the Pope Decreed that the Emperor should keep Verona and Vincenza and the Venetians Bressa and Bergamo they paying down to the Emperor 250000 Duccats and 30000 yearly Before the Catholick King 's Approbation could be had the Venetians declared they would not stand to that Decision The Truce between Spain and France was prolonged for a Year more in order to conclude a Peace The Dauphin was against this Truce fearing lest if a Peace followed he might lose the Dukedom of Milan The Emperor was rather for it his Thoughts being bent against the Venetians But the King of England was so offended that on the 7th of August he concluded a League Defensive and Offensive with the King of France without making any mention of the King his Father-in-Law Luis Carroz the Spanish Ambassador at that Court laboured to appease the King as did Queen Catherine but all in vain Soon after D. Luis Carroz returned to Spain and the Bishop of Trinopoli went over from France to succeed him In Lombardy the Viceroy by Storm took Citadela a very strong Town between Padua and Treviso Prosper Colona with the Duke of Milan's Forces besieged Crema which was well defended for the Venetians by Renço Cherri Garcia Manrique lay at Robigo with some Companies of Men at Arms. Albiano who watched all Opportunities to revenge his Losses surprized them by night the Spaniards surrendred themselves and Garcia Manrique with the other Officers were sent Prisoners to Vincenza Renço Cherri sallied out of Crema by Night and setting upon part of the Duke's Forces commanded by Silvio Sabelo put them to the Rout and went himself to Bergamo which he took without any Resistance the Spaniards retiring into the Castle On the first of November came the Viceroy to their Relief and Renço seeing no Possibility of holding out surrendred the City upon Articles About the sametime the Castle of Lanterna at Gonoa which till now had held out for the French was delivered to Duke Octavian Fregoso Let us turn back a little The Great Turk having put an end to the War with his Brothers and the Sofi Ismael who took their part was fitting out above 150 Galleys and designed them against Italy It was supposed he woul invade by the way of Marca Ancona which belongs to the Church The Pope laboured to bring the Emperor Kings of England France Spain and Portugal and the Dukes of Milan and Genoa into a League Offensive and Defensive against the Turks but after he had made a great Progress herein it all fell to nothing Private Quarrels hindred those Princes from uniting and other Wars diverted the Turk from his Designs upon Christendom Only the King of Portugal enjoyed Peace and Prosperity being enriched with the Trade of India and successful in his Conquests in Africk About the end of the last Year he sent a solemn Embassy to the Pope to make his Compliment of Obeisance As a Token of his Grandeur he also sent very rich Presents which were a Pontisical Vestment of Cloath of Gold embroidered with Pearls and precious Stones the richest that had ever been in the Treasury of S. Peter An Ounce brought from Persia wonderfully fleet which an Indian carried behind him on horseback and had taught it when he made a Sign to leap off and hunt An Elephant covered with Cloath of Gold and a Castle on his back being taught besides other things to kneel before the Prince to dance to a Pipe and to fill his Trunk with Water and sprinkle the People Also a Rhinoceros a Creature not seen in Italy in many Ages It was designed to fight with the Elephant these Creatures being naturally Enemies But the Rhinoceros was lost the Ship being cast away upon the Coast of Genoa Tristan de Acun̄a a Gentleman well versed in the Affairs of India and principal Ambassador made his publick Entry into Rome upon the 12th of March. On the 20th the Day appointed to receive Audience of the Pope James Pacheco a great Civilian and one of Acun̄a's Companions delivered himself to the Pope in this manner King Emanuel of Pertugal most holy Father has sent us to felicitate your happy Assumption to the Pontificate wishing you may enjoy it many Years for the good of the Church as we all hope it will be and also to pay his Obedience as is usual and due yet done by him with a most ready Will which may make amends for the Delay caused by many great and weighty Obstacles He also humbly makes Suit to your Holiness to cast the Eyes of your fatherly Care upon making up the Breaches of Christendom upon reconciling the Christian Princes and uniting their Forces against the common Enemy who grows upon our Losses and builds his own Grandeur upon our Ruines For what Enterprize can be more glorious or profitable than this Let the past Rage suffice For they deserve no better Stile who turn their Weapons upon themselves To this Purpose it will be very requisite the Holy Council be continued as the King earnestly desires For his own part he promises not to be wanting to the publick Cause and if requisite will not spare his own Blood in this Quarrel It is all his Study to advance the Christian Religion as appears in India where to his immortal Glory he has set up the Holy Standard of the Cross among fierce and barbarous Nations even as far as the utmost Bounds of the Earth No less has he done in Africk having there spent his Treasures and employed the Bravery of his Soldiers Of the Spoil
being a Stranger had many Enemies at Court by Reason of his too great Authority and Power Particularly D. John of Austria by Letter ceased not to press the Queen to remove him from Court and She to give satisfaction to all that were discontented upon his Account complyed giving him a most honourable Discharge in such manner as if it had been granted at his own Suit and the Choice of being Ambassador either at Vienna or Rome He departed the Court on the 26th Day of February to the great Joy of many Had he made this Retreat voluntarily and of his free Choice he had gone off with Honour but staying to be thrust out went away hated and in disgrace The Translation of S. Isidorus the Patron of Madrid to a Rich Chappel built for that purpose was performed with all Pomp and Magnificence The Feast of the Canonization of S. Peter de Alcantara the Reformer of the Franciscans was celebrated by that Order during the space of 16 Days With him was also Canonized S. Magdalen of Pazzis a Carmelite Nun born at Florence This Year at the Sollicitation of the Pope a League was concluded among several Christian Princes for the Defence of Candia against the Turks Also another in Flanders betwixt the English Swedes and Hollanders for the Defence of the low Countreys The Count de Oropesa President of the Council of Orders was preferred to that of Italy The Duke of Ossuna was appointed Governour of Milan and the Duke of Sessa of Catalonia D. Ambrosio Spinola Archbishop of Santiago was Translated to the Archbishoprick of Sevil. The Count de Medellin was made President of Orders and his Place of Master of the Horse was given to the Marquess de Caslel Rodrigo Three new Counsellors of State were created which were the Constable of Castile who then governed the Low Countreys the Marquess de Astorga Ambassador at Rome and the Admiral of Castile The most sumptuous Palace begun at Barcelona by the Marquess de Castel Rodrigo one of the most Beautiful Structures in all Europe was this Year finished by the Duke of Ossuna He also raised the Citadel at Palamos a most important Sea-Port on the Coast of Catalonia and a great Inlet into that Principality FINIS THE INDEX TO Mariana's History of Spain A. ABdalasis Son to Muza his Actions Pag. 100 He marries the Widow of King Roderick 101 Abdalla dies Abderhaman succeeds him 116 Abderhaman first Moorish King in Spain 107 His Death 113 Abderhaman calls himself King of Murcia 132 Abderhaman inthron'd by the Abenhumeyas 133 Abides his Birth Education and Reign 9 Accommodation betwixt Castile and Leon. 151 Accord betwixt Castile Portugal and Aragon and Portugal 254 Betwixt Castile and Aragon 346 Betwixt France and Spain 480 Betwixt the two Kings Ferdinand and Philip 514 Betwixt the Emperor and King Ferdinand 536 Actions on the Frontiers of Castile and Portugal 433 In Navarre 554 Acts of the Cortes of Castile 305 At Madrid 254 Act of Justice 173 Adrian the Emperor reigns 21 years 56 Aelius reigns 22 years 56 Aemilianus reigns 4 months 58 Affairs of the Infidels 106 and 107 Of Aragon 202 Of Navarre 240 Of Aragon and Sardinia 288 Of Aragon unsuccessful at Naples 345 Of Naples 371 Of Portugal 375 Of Britany in France 460 Of Naples settled 527 Afranius 45 Agila reigns is kill'd having reign'd 5 years and 3 months 76 Agreement betwixt King John of Castile and his Rebels 365 Betwixt the Duke of Milan and French King 470 Betwixt King Ferdinand and the King of England 541 Alans and Vandals call'd in by Stilico 67 Alans who they were 67 They come into Spain 68 Their Progress 69 They and the Silingi subdu'd by the Goths 69 Alaricus proclaim'd King 74 Albarazin taken by the King of Aragon 226 Alcala de Henares made an University 234 Alcazar in Africk taken by the Portugueses 385 Alexander Severus reigns 13 years 57 Alexandet the 5th chosen Pope 328 Dies 330 Alexander the 6th Pope 332 Algezira besieg'd 263 Siege continu'd 264 Surrender'd 264 Alhaca the Moor dies Abderhaman the 2d succeeds him 111 Alhama taken by the Christians 440 In vain besieg'd by the Moors 441 Aljubarrota famous Battel Pag. 303 Alliance betwixt Portugal and Aragon 289 All Spain in Peace except Castile 418 Almenon the Moorish King of Toledo and Ramon Earl of Barcelona die 148 Almeria taken 171 Almohades a Family of Moors invade Spain 172 Almoravides the Moorish ruling Family come into Spain 153 Alonso the first King of Oviedo takes many Towns 106 His Death 106 Alonso the 2d King of Oviedo 108 Is expell'd by Mauregatus 108 Is restor'd His Sister debauch'd by a Count. 109 Alonso the 3d call'd the Great 114 Expell'd and recovers his Kingdome 114 His publick words His Son rebels He resigns the Crown His Death 116 Alonso the 4th calls himself King of Leon. 121 Becomes a Monk and leaves the Crown to his Brother Ramiro 122 Alonso the 5th King of Leon under the Tuition of the Earl of Galicia and his Wife 131 His Actions Is kill'd at the Siege of Viseo 134 Alonso the 6th King of Leon flies to the Moors 144 Returns from among the Moors and resumes the Crown Imprisons his Brother Garcia Takes an Oath for the Crown of Castile Aids the Moorish King of Toledo 146 Stiles himself Emperour 151 His Wife and Issue 153 His Forces overthrown by the Moors and a second time Marries his 3 Daughters to Strangers 154 His Works of Piety 158 His Death 159 Alonso the 7th proclaim'd King of Castile 162 Aspires to the Crowns of Aragon and Navarre 167 Invades them Stiles himself Emperour 168 He and his Daughter both married 173 Breaks into Andaluzia and dies 175 Alonso the 8th the young King of Castile secur'd by some Nobles 177 Receiv'd as King by his People 178 Toledo declares for him 178 Is overthrown by the Rebels 178 Assembles the Cortes or Parliament 179 Meets the King of Aragon 179 Concludes a League with him 179 Marries Ellenor the Daughter of King Henry the 2d of England 179 Invades Leon. 181 Overthrown by the Infidels 185 His two Daughters marry'd to the Kings of France and Leon. 187 His Death 195 Alonso the 9th Is divorced 186 Overthrows the Moors and takes Merida and Badajoz Fol. 205. p. 2 His Death Ibid Alonso the 10th 212 Chosen Emperour by part of the Electors and Richard Duke of Cornwal by the rest Fol. 212 p. 2 His Qualities 213 Aspires to the Empire 216 His Progress Meets the Pope in France Returns home Fol. 216 p. 2 Curses and disinherits his Son Sancho 222 Dies 225 Alonso the 11th his Birth 245 Is proclaim'd King being under 13 Months old Is kept by the Citizens of Avila 246 Enters upon the Government 251 Dies 268 Alonso the 1st King of Aragon 159 Is belov'd of all Men. 160 Is kill'd by the Moors 167 Leaves his Dominions to the Templers and other Knights 167 Alonso the 2d King of Aragon 178
15 Hannibal Governs in Spain 19 Marches through France towards Rome 21 His Progress in Italy 22 Hanno His Voyage to the Southward He and Hunilco Return to Carthage 15 His Actions in Spain 16 Hanno in Sicily with 21 Spaniards and 10000 Africans 16 Hegira the Mahometan Computation of time used in Spain 100 Heir of Castile made Prince of Asturias 305 Heliogabalus Reigns 3 Years and 9 Months 57 Helvius Pertinax Reigns 2 Months and 28 Days 57 Helvius recovers Illiturgum and routs the Spaniards 31 Henry I. King of Castile but 11 Years of Age. 196 Is Married Parted from his Wife on account of consanguinity 197 His Death 399 Henry the Bastard Proclaims himself King of Castile and is the 2d of the Name 283 Is routed 285 Returns into Spain 286 Finds many Enemies Takes Carmona and breaks the Articles 289 His Death 295 Henry III. Proclaimed King of Castile 307 Takes upon him the Government 313 Dies 323 Anotable Action of his His Will 324 Henry IV. of Castile his Birth 346 Rebels against his Father 372 Reconciled to him 376 Proclaimed King of Castile 381 How disposed 381 Ravages the Territories of the Moors and Marries Joanna Sister to the King of Portugal 383 Raises mean Persons in opposition to the Nobility 386 Proclaimed Earl of Barcelona by the Rebels there 404 Supposed to be Poisoned 420 Dies 422 Henry V. King of England Invades France 339 Henry VII King of England his Death 533 Heny VIII King of England 533 Takes Therouenne and Tournay 556 Henry King of Navarre F. 216. p. 2 Dies 216 Henry Prince of Castile Governs 236 Henry Earl of Portugal Dies 165 Heresie of the Albigenses its Original 191 Of Nestorius revived 109 Heretical Opinions Condemned in Spain 434 Hereticks expelled Leon. 192 Herminij entirely subdued 44 Hesperus Reigns 7 Hierome Savonarola a famous Preacher in Florence burnt 481 Hierusalem lost 184 Taken by the Christians 158 Himilco and Hanno 14 Himilco Sails along the Coast of Spain 14 Hirtuleyus General for Sertorius twice routs the Romans 42 Hispalus King 7 Holy War in the East 155 Honorius the Emperor Reigned above 28 Years 70 Honours done to the Archbishop of Toledo 196 Horrid Treason of a Bishop 99 Houses of Haro and Lara reconciled 242 Huesca besieged Surrendred 156 I. Jaen City described Besieged Surrendred F. 209 p. 2 Jayme or James I. King of Aragon 194 Comes into Spain 195 Escapes from his Keepers 198 Marries Ellenor of Castile 201 A Conspiracy against him He is Seized 202 Escapes and invades Valencia 203 Kills the Rebel Peter de Ahones 203 Lands in Majorca 205 Wounded at the Siege of Valencia F. 217. p. 2 Marries his Son to the Daughter of the King of Sicily F. 213 2 Goes to Toledo 215 2 Imbarks for the Holy Land 216 Dies His Issue 219 Jayme or James the 2d King of Aragon Pag. 233 Proclaim'd King of Sardinia and Corsica 238 Dies 252 Jayme Heir of Aragon Abdicates 250 Jealousies of Princes 540 Jealousie the Cause of King Philip's Quen's Distemper 519 Jews banish'd Spain 83 460 Converted 336 Murder'd in Sicily Jews and Moors distinguish'd in Castile 323 Infamous Life and Death of the Queen Mother of Castile 274 Infidels twice defeated 176 Victorious 159 Divide and overrun Spain 99 Twice overthrown 243 Defeated by Prince Peter of Castile 249 200000 slain in one Battel 190 262 Ingundis Wife to Ermenegildus persecuted for the Catholick Religion 79 Inigo Arista King of Navarre 119 Innocent the 7th Chosen Pope of Rome 322 Dies 323 Innocent the 8th Pope 445 Dies 461 Insolency of the Moors 205 Intercasia surrendred 35 Interdict in Castile and Aragon at one time 224 Interregnum 77 Inquisition first setled in Spain 432 Interview of the King of Aragon and Navarre Fol. 205 p. 2 Of the Kings of France and Castile 231 Of Princes at Perpignan 337 Of Kings 269 Of the Kings of Castile and Navarre 384 Of two Kings 518 528 Invasion of the Normans Investiture of Naples granted to King Ferdinand 539 Joanna Daughter to King Henry Heiress of Navarre 216 Joanna Queen of Naples dies 359 Joanna Princess of Castile Contracted to the Duke of Guienne 414 Joanna Queen of Castile wholly unfit to govern 524 Deliver'd of a Daughter 525 John the first King of Castile 296 Proclaim'd King of Portugal 299 Makes his Will 301 Kill'd by a Fall from his Horse 306 Contents of his last Will. 308 John the 2d an Infant Proclaim'd King of Castile 325 Govern'd by the Archbishop of Toledo 339 His Character Is under Restraint 340 Makes his Escape 342 Breaks into Aragon 352 Invades Granada 355 Drives the Moors into that City gives them a great Overthrow 355 Made Prisoner by his Rebds 367 Makes his Escape 370 His Designs 380 Dies 381 John the first Crown'd King of Aragon 304 His Qualities 307 His strange Death 317 John the 2d King of Aragon dies 433 John King of France dies Charles the 5th succeeds John King of France dies 281 John Proclaimed King of Navarre 347 Crown'd 351 Subdues his Rebellious Subjects 526 John Master of Avis a Bastard aspires to the Crown of Portugal 300 Is Proclaim'd King 301 All Portugal submit to him 302 His Issue 310 His Government 332 Dies 358 John the 2d of Portugal while Prince comes to his Father's Assistance into Castile 426 Restores the Crown to his Father 313 His Accession to the Crown 473 Dies 455 469 John King of Hierusalem comes into Spain 206 John Prince of Castile usurps the Title of King of Leon and Galicia 236 Is reconcil'd to the King 239 John Prince of Castile born 432 Dies 480 John the 20th Chosen Pope 249 John the 23th Chosen Pope 330 Forced to quit the Papacy 336 John Duke of Lorrain in Catalonia for his Father 410 D. John Nunez de Lara revolts from Castile 232 Is reconcil'd to King Sancho and again ready to flie from him 232 John Hus and Hierome of Prague burnt 338 Joseph the Miramamolin comes out of Africk 154 His Death 158 Joseph governs Spain 106 Joseph King of Granada dies 311 Joseph the 2d King of Granada his strange Death 318 Joseph the 3d King of Granada dies 344 Jovianus reigns 7 Months and 22 Days 63 Irruption of the Moors into France 102 Of the Goths 64 Italy in War Jubilee first Instituted 239 Judges appointed to decide the Right to the Crown of Aragon 333 Julian the Apostate Chosen Emperor Reigns one Year 7 Months and 27 Days 62 Is kill'd 63 Julian the famous Count that betrayed Spain to the Moors 97 Invites the Moors into Spain 98 His and his Families End 101 Julianus Reigns 6 Months 57 Julius Pope dies 553 Julius the 2d Pope 503 Just Reward of Treachery 179 K. Kingdom of Aragon under an Interdict Fol. 210 p. 2 Kingdoms of the Moors 138 King of Aragon in Danger Fol. 207 p. 9 King of Aragon with 3 Princes in League against France 209 King of Aragon makes Peace
French and Aragonians at variance Henry K. of Castile dies Castile divided betwixt the Rightful Princess Joanna and Elizabeth the Usurper 1475. Ferdinand received in Castile Marquess de Villena his double Dealing Nobles of Castile join with Portugal in favour of the Rightful Heiress Ferdinand labours to gain the Nobility of Castile Alonso K. of Portugal proclaimed King of Castile being Contracted to the Rightful Heiress French and Portuguese Forces against Castile 1476 John Pr. of Portugal comes to his Fathers assistance into Castile Fight betwixt the Portugues and Castilian Armies Defeat of the Portugueses Great Disorders throughout Casile Factions in Navarre Alonso King of Portugal goes over into Africk and thence into France Endeavours to pacifie Navarre Toro surprized by the Castilians King Ferdinand chose Master of Santiago in trust Moores of Granada invade Murcia Noblemen secure to themselves all the strong holds Disorders in Sicily and Sardinia The King of Portugal resolves to go in Pilgrimage to Hierusalem and resigns his Crown to his Son John Prince of Portugal restores the Crown to his Father 1478 Sardinia reduced Birth of Prince John of Castile Inquisition first settled in Spain Actions on the Frontiers of Castile and Portugal Peace betwixt Castile and France 1479. John King of Aragon dyes Factions continue in Navarre Heretical oppinions condemned in Spain Counâ—ess of Medellin a turbulent-Woman Overthrow of the Portugueses King Ferdinand goes into Aragon Peace concluded betwixt Castile and Portugal 1480. Grants made by King Henry declared void by the Cortes The Turks take Otranto in Italy 1481. Ferdinand's Son sworn Heir of Castile Aragon and Catalonia Alonso King of Portugal dies John II. of Portugal Three great Men die 1482. Francis Crowned King of Navarre 1483. The young K. of Navarre dies Traitors punished in Portugal 1483. Ratifications of the Peace betwixt Castile and Portugal Luis XI King of France dies The famous War with the Moors of Granada 1481. Zahara surprized by the Moors 1482. Alhama taken by the Christians Alhama in vain besieged by the Moors Preparations for War with the Moors Loxa besieged by the Christians without success The War with the Infidels put off for some time Troubles Galicia 1483. Slaughter of the Christians Two Moorish Kings at Granada destroy one another Defeat of the Moores Moorish King taken Moorish King set at Liberty Rebellion in Navarre 1484. Pope Sixtus dies Innocent the 8th succeeds Alcara taken from the Moores Boabdil the Moorish King flies to Cordova Ronda taken Christians defeated Rebellion in Naples Tumults in Aragon and Catalonia 1482. Azamor in Africk submits to the Portugueses Divisions among the Infidels Loxa and other Places taken 1487. King Ferdinand takes Malaga and other Places Discoveries of the Portugueses Troubles in Aragon stop the progress of the War of Granada 1488. Several Places taken from the Moores The Moores recover the lost Towns Masterships of Military orders annexed to the Crown 1489. Three Cities and othe small Towns taken from the Moores 1490. The Moorish King submits Elizabeth Princess of Castile married to Alonso Prince of Portugal Death of Prince Alonso and King John his Father The Moorish King besieged by his own People The Plain of Granada wasted War with the Moors renewed 1491. Description of the City Granada K. Ferdinand builds a Town to lie in during the Siege of Granada A Phanatick Moor. Granada surrendered to K. Ferdinand Character of K. Ferdinand and Q. Elizabeth 1492. Affairs of Britany in France Jews banished Spain Pope Innocent VIII dies Alexander VI. succeeds Navarre pacified Discoveries and Conquests in the West-Indies Controversies betwixt Castile and Portugal about their Discoveries Roussillion and Cerdagne restored to King Ferdinand Palma one of the Canary Islands conquered Mastership of the 3 Military Orders inseparably annexed to the Crown Original of the Neapolitan War 1494 Ferdinand King of Naples dies French Invade Naples Luis Sforcia Duke of Milan French King at Rome 1495. Alonso King of Naples abdicates League against the French French King returns home Venetians overthrown by the French Ferdinand King of Naples successful against the French John II. King of Portugal dies Agreement between the Duke of Milan and French King 1496. Progress of the Affairs in Italy Ferdinand of Spain called Catholick King by the Pope Emanuel King of Portugal settles the Government England enters into the league against France Ferdinand King of Naples dies The Emperor Besieges Leghorn in vain The Pope Invades the Lands of the Urfini Duke of Gandia Murdered Proposals concerning the Kingdom of Naples Progress of the Portuguses discoveries 〈…〉 Mozambique discovered Description of India Vasco de Gama at Calicut Vasco returns to Portugal Account of the Navigation of Vasco de Gama 2 Daughters of K. Ferdinand matched 1497. John Prince of Castile dies Prince of Salerno expelled Naples Accord betwixt France and Spain 1498. Charles VII King of France dies Luis XII succeeds him Hierome Savanarola a famous Preacher in Florence burnt King of Portugal sworn Heir of Castile Queen of Portugal being delivered of a Son dies 1499. Perplexity of King Ferdinand 1499. The Duke of Milan expelled his Dukedom University of Alcalá Founded Moors in the Mountains Rebell Ferdinand assists the Venetians Birth of the Emperor Charles the 5th The Fr. posses themselves of the Duke and Dukedom of Millan 1500. Great Year of Jubilee Peace betwixt Fr. and Spain Cefalonia taken from the Turks Double-dealing of K. Ferdinand Disagreement betwixt the French and Spaniards Descripti-of the Kingdom of Naples Frederick King of Naples puts himself into the hands of the French French perish by Pestilence and Stress of Weather The Arch duke comes into Spain The Great Captain's Actions at Naples Disagreement about the Division of Naples Conference of the French and Spanish Generals Archduke and Princess sworn Heirs of Aragon Archduke returns to Flanders War betwixt the French and Spaniards at Naples A notable combat of Eleven on each side Several losses of the French Marquess del Gasto comes over to the Spaniards 1503. Great booty taken by the Spaniards Combat betwixt 13 French and as many Italiuns Several losses of the French Marquess del Gasto comes over to the Spaniards Archduke concludes Peace betwixt Spain and France The peace takes no effect Succours from Spain land in Naples Lord of Aubigni defeated and taken The Battel of Cirinola Almost all Naples subdued by the Great Captain Reception of the Great Captain at Naples St. German taken Gaeta besieged Practices of the Spaniards The French in Roussillon Pius III. Elected Pope Progress of the Siege of Saulses Ninetten Sail of Infidels destroyed Siege of Saulses raised Julius II. Pope French Army marches through Italy Mutiny in the Spanish Army Defeat of the French Notable Valour of a Spaniord Defeat of the French again Gaeta surrendred to the Great Captain Prefect of Rome submits to Spain Nobility of Naples swear Fidelity to Spain Several Cities of Italy Sue for Protection of Spain Truce for 3 Years betwixt France and
in the List of those that were to be slain she conspired with the Eunuch Narcissus and they gave him a dose of Poison but finding it did not Work fast enough they stifled him He lived but Thirty Two Years whereof he Reign'd Twelve Eight Months and Fifteen day It is reported he kept Three hundred Concubines and a like number of the Beautifulest Youths that could be found to satisfy his beastly Lust Some Authors say it was at this time that the holy Martyrs Facundus and Primitivus suffered at the Banks of Cea a River that runs down from the Mountains of Asturias into Old Castile Here the Christians built a Church in honour of them In the time of the Moores they were remov'd into Asturias and thence returned to the same place and a Monastery of Benedictine Monks built there near that of Sahagun and is one of the chiefest places of Devotion in Spain CHAP. IV. The Reigns of the Emperors Pertinax Severus Caracalla Macrinus Heliogabalus Alexander Severus Maximinus Gordianus Philip Decius Trebonianus Gallus and Aemilianus THE Emperor Commodus was killed in the Year 193. Helvius Pertinax born of a Libertine or which is all one descended from Slaves succeeded him and ruled only two Months and Twenty eight days The Murderers of Commodus procur'd him the Crown for his approved goodness and the Pretorian Soldiers deprived him of it and his Life within his own Palace No sooner was Pertinax Murdered but Sulpicianus and Didius Julianus repaired to the Pretorian bands like Merchants to buy the Empire as if it had been exposed to sale Julianus carryed it by promising each Soldier Twenty five Sestercies which amounts to 625 Crowns an extravagant sum and not being able afterwards to pay it the Souldiers forsook him and he was killed by the contrivance of Septimius Severus Six Months after he undertook the Government For this good service Severus was declared Emperor by the Legions of Sclavonia He was born at Leptis or Tripoli in Barbary punished the Pretorian bands for the Murder of Pertinax by disarming and banishing them a Hundred Miles from Rome vanquished Pescennius Niger who called himself Emperor in the East destroyed the City Bizantium because it shut the Gates against him defeated Albinus that was revolted in France then passed over into Great Britain appeased the Commotions that were raised there resolved to build a Wall betwixt England and Scotland to curb the incursions of the Scots but was cut off by Death which seized him in the City of York when he had Reign'd Seventeen Years and Eight Months and three days In the Ninth Year of his Reign he raised a persecution against the Christians in which much blood was spilt Severus left two Sons by two Wives Aurelius Antoninus Caracalla the Eldest at his first coming to the Crown slew his Brother Gela by the Father's will appointed his Companion in the Empire This bloody Action made him odious to the People and he increased their hatred by Marrying Julia Geta's Mother and as some will have it his own He stopped not here but put to Death all that were any ways inclined to his Brother But his Barbarities could not be lasting for he was stabbed by one Marcialis a Soldier as he sate easing his Body when he had Reigned Six Years Two Months and five days Opilius Macrinus Commander of the Pretorian bands by the free consent of Audentius a Noble Man whom the Soldiers would have preferred was declared Emperor He did nothing of note and his time was so short he can scare be counted in the Number of Emperors Mesa the Sister of Julia prevailed with the Soldiers to kill him at Chaleedon together with his Son Diadumenus on the 7th of June 219. His power lasted but Three Months and Twenty Eight Days Aurelius Antoninus Varius who was Priest of the Sun in Phaenicia as is signifyed by the name Heliogabalus and for the Beauty of his Person and gracefulness which seemed to be the Tokens of a fair Soul and above all by the help of his Mother Mesa was by the unanimous consent of the Soldiers saluted Emperor His Life and manners were vicious beyond measure so wholly addicted to Lust that he acted and suffered things not to be named and raved to that excess of brutality that he endeavoured to change his Sex to the shame and disgrace of the Roman Empire and of all Mankind The World could not endure such a Monster his own Guards killed him on the Tenth of March in the Year of our Lord 223 the Eighteenth of his Age and when he had Reign'd Three Years nine Months and four days Alexander Severus Cousin-german to Heliogabalus succeeded him in the Empire his Virtues equalled the Vices of the other and he had proved one of the most glorious Emperors had he not been cut off by Death He was so far a favourer of Christians as to cause the Image of Christ to be placed among those of his other Gods he overcame the Parthians and then waging War in Germany was basely Murdered by Maximinus in the Twenty Ninth Year of his Age when he had Reigned Thirteen Years and nine days equal to the best for Justice Clemency Prudence and Meekness There is no Memory of any thing remarkable that happen'd in Spain in the days of these Emperors At Guadix is the Pedestal of a Statue erected in honour of Mammea the Mother of Alexander the Emperor the inscription of it is as follows To Julia Mammea Augusta Mother to the Emperor Caesar Marcus Aurelius Severus Alexander pious happy Augustus Mother of the Army the Colony Julia Gemina Accitana devoted to her Deity and Majesty This Lady is supposed to have been a Christian at least she was Familiarly acquainted with Origen About this time Pope Anterus who then governed the See of Rome writ a Letter to the Bishops of Andaluzia and Kingdom of Toledo in which among other things he tells them that Bishops cannot lawfully be Translated from one See to another for their own ease or advantage Julius Maximinus born in Thracia of base Parentage remarkable for his extraordinary Stature of Body Strength and Swiftness passed thro' all the Degrees from a private Soldier till by force he possessed himself of the Empire after the Death of Alexander Severus in the Year of Grace 239. After quieting the Revolted Germans he prepared to make War upon Samartia now Poland when News was brought him to the City Sirmo that the Soldiers in Africk had saluted Gordianus the Governour of that Province Emperor and the Senate approved of their choice Inflamed with the desire of Revenge he marched towards Rome but stopp'd at Aquileia that City having shut the Gates against him Here he was inform'd that Gordianus and his Son of the same Name had been killed in Africk and that the Senate had in his stead chosen Balbinus and Pupienus Great was the danger that threatned had not the
16 Of Gravelling 17 Of Lepanto 21 Bell Rings of it self 89 Berga in Catalonia recovered 72 Brasil recovered 37 Breda taken 37 Bulls for Portugues Bishops refused by the Pope 68 C. Cadiz Plundered by Drake 29 Calais taken 17 Calvin and Beza 19 Caracena Marquess General against Portugal 90. Catalonia Rebels Portugal follows the Example 43 Catherine Queen of Portugal Dies 24 Cazal Besieged 37 Taken 63 Ceremony of Contracting the Spanish Princess to the King of France 90 Cessation of Arms betwixt France and Spain 80 Chaldeans their Conversion 38 Change of Religion in England 7 Charles I. in Spain 2 His Sister Married to Emanuel King of Portugal Is chosen Emperor Crowned 3 Returns into Spain 4 Marries the Sister of the King of Portugal 6 Crowned Emperor 7 Arms against the Turks 8 In France 9 Abdicates 16 Charles II. King of Spain Proclaimed 98 Charles Prince of Wales in Spain 36 Christian League against the Turk 21 Christiern King of Denmark expelled 4 Civil Wars in Swisserland 8 Clement Pope Dies 8 31 Clement IX chosen Pope 93 Collation of great Offices 95 Comet 22 24 Commotions in Portugal 42 Composition betwixt France and Spain 7 Concessions for Reducing Hereticks 13 Condê Prince in Catalonia 46 Conferences for Peace 80 Conspiracy against the French King 27 Conti Prince takes Ville-Franche 68 Conversion of Ethiopia 56 Cortes of Aragon 37 Of Castile 44 Of Aragon and Valencia 44 Cosmo Created Great Duks of Tuscany 21 Council of Trent 11 Openea 12 Breaks up 13 Sunnnoned again 14 Opened again 18 Court at Valladolid 30 D. Dauphin of France Marries the Queen of Scots 17 Death of 2 Kings and a Queen 13 Of 2 Popes 28 Of the Princess Governess of Flanders 39 Defeat of the French in Sardinia 41 Of the French at Valenciennes 73 Diet at Ausburg 7 At Worms 9 Discovery of Cathay and Tibet 36 Disputes about Religion in Germany 10 Betwixt Catholicks and Hereticks 12 About Religion in France 18 Diu Besieged by the Turks 9 Downfall of the Sultans of Egypt 2 Drake attempts Cadiz 27 Plunders the Coast of America 29 Dukes of Savoy and Mantua Die 41 Dunkirk gained 64 Taken by the French and English 76 Dutch and Turks Defeated 36 Dutch in Brazil 36 Routed 42 E. Earthquake 21 32 42 Ebora made an Archbishoprick 10 Edward King of England Dies 15 Elizabeth Queen of England 17 Excommunicated 20 Elizabeth Queen of Spain Dies 44 Emanucl King of Portugal Dies 4 Embassy into England 31 From a Black King 76 Emperor and King of England in League against France 11 Empress Dies 10 Empress in Spain 25 Enterprizes on the Frontiers of Portugal 83 English Fleet Invades Hispaniola 71 Escurial finished 28 Etna Mount 25 Exploits of Mallorquines 75 F. Ferdinand King of Spain Dies 1 Ferdinand chosen King of the Romans 7 Ferdinand Prince Archbishop of Toledo 34 Feria Duke in Alsace 39 Final betrayed 31 Floods 37 Francis King of France taken by the Imperalists 5 Released 6 French King in Italy 1 French King and Emperor meat 9 French King's Sister Married to the Prince of Navarre 22 French King takes Towns in Flanders 93 French and Turks take Nice 11 French in Biscay 4 Invade Savoy 9 In Lorrain 38 Overthrown 42 Join with the Rebels 43 In Italy 46 Decline in Catalonia 58 In Catalonia with the Rebels 65 Pass the Pyreneans 67 Join with the English 74 Obliged to quit the Siege of Alexandria 74 Begin the War in Flanders 93 Galeons destroyed 71 General defection of the Low-Countries 24 Great Eclipse 11 Great Flooas 16 43 and 76 Great Jubilee 30 Great Tax 31 Gregorian Account 25 Gregory Pope Dies 26 Gregory XV. Pope 35 Dies 36 Guize Duke Murdered by the Huguenots 18 Guize Duke put to death 27 Guize Duke set at Liberty 69 Gustavus Adolphus 38 Killed 39 H. Hard Winter 44 Henry King of Navarre 2 Henry the Cardinal King of Portugal 24 Dies 25 Henry III. King of France Murdered by Clement 28 Henry IV. King of France Murdered by Ravillac 32 Heresie of Martin Luther 2 Hereticks at the Council of Trent 14 Huguenot Rebels twice overthrown 20 James Prince of Spain Dies 26 Jesuits Confirmed by the Pope 10 Jesuits Murdered 20 Innocent X. Pope Dies 69 Innundations in Flanders 7 John III. King of Portugal Marries the Emperors-Sister 5 Dies 16 D. John of Austria at Tunez 22 Made Vicar of Italy 23 In the Low-Countries 24 D. John of Austria at Sea 46 At the Siege of Barcelona 53 Takes Solsona 72 Sent for Flanders 73 Takes S. Gillain 73 Commands against Portugal 87 83 Takes Aronches and other Places 83 Enters Portugal Takes Borba and Iurumenha 86 Takes Ebora and is Routed 95 Is Lord Lieutenant and Captain General of Aragon 94 Jubilee Year at Rome 37 57 Julius III. Elected Pope 14 Dies 15 K. King of France Dies 23 L. Landresi taken by the French 41 League against the Turks 9 Dissolved 22 Leganez Marquess in Savoy 41 Leganez Marqess destroys many Moors about Oran 15 Leo IX Pope Dies 4 Leo X. chosen Pope 5 Leo XI shosen Pope 31 Leopold the Archduke in Champagne 57 Lerida Recovered 44 Lerma Duke leaves the Government 33 Low-Countries Conspire against Spain 23 M. Malta Besieged by the Turks 19 Mamora taken 32 Marcellus chosen Pope and Dies 15 Margaret King Philip IV. Daughter Married to the Emperor 95 Marriages of Princes 32 Marriage of the Princess of Spain to the Fr. King 90 Martin Luther's Death 12 Martyrdoms in Japan 36 Mary Queen of Portugal Dies 2 Mary Queen of England Marries Philip Prince of Spain 15 Dies 17 Mary Queen of Scots imprisoned 19 Murdered 27 Mary Princess Born 31 Maximilian the Emperor Dies 3 Maximilian Governour of Spain 13 Medices expelled Florence 6 Restored 7 Monserrat Invaded by the Spaniards 47 Monstrous Birth 39 Montmidi Surrendred to the French 74 Moriscoes Rebell in Spain 20 Banished 32 Mortara Marquess attacks the French and is repulsed 76 Mortality 28 Murder Commited by a Woman 92 Mutiniers Punished 28 N. Naples Besieged 6 Navarre Pacified 1 Over-run by the French 3 Netherlands given to the Princess Elizabeth 22 New Governour in the Low-Countries 22 New Passage into the South Sea 33 F. Nitard sent from Court 94 O. Olivenca taken from the Portugues 44 Orange Prince Heads the Rebels in Holland 20 Wounded 25 Killed 26 Ormuz taken by the Persians 36 Ossuna Duke makes an Irruption into Portugal 77 His Actions there 84 Again in Portugal 95 Overthrow of the French 5 45 Of the Saxons 13 Overtures of Peace betwixt Spain and Portugale 91 P. Pantheon finished 67 Parma Prince successful against the Rebels in the Low-Countries 26 Paul III. Pope Dies 14 Paul IV. Pope 15 Paul V. Pope Dies 37 Peace betwixt France and Spain 17 Betwixt Spain and England 31 With Oliver Cromwell 70 Concluded 89 Concluded with Portugal 94 Penol in Africk taken 19 Perfidious Act of Portugueses 70 Pemambuco taken by the Dutch 38 Perpignan taken by the French 43
Spain Siena given to the Duke of Florence War renewed betwixt France and Spain John III. King of Portugal dies Battel of S. Quintin Great Floods Plague Calis taken Dauphin of France Marries the Queen of Scots Battel of Graveling Mary Qu. of England dies Elizabeth Queen of England Peace betwixt Fra. and Spain K. Philip Marries his third Wife Philip returns into Spain Pius IV. chosen Pope Spaniards worsted by the Turks Rebellion in France Disputes about Religion in France Council of Trent again opened 22 Gallies cast away Duke of Guise murder'd by the Hugonots Spaniards at the Council of Trent Calvin and Beza Penol in Africk taken Malta besieged by the Turks Synods in Spain Pius V. chosen Pope Solyman dies before Sigeth Rebellion of the Low Countries Queen of Scots Imprison'd Duke of Alva Governor of the Low-Countries Rebels in France besiege Paris Prince of Orange heads the Rebels in Holland Morisco's Rebel in Spain Hugonots twice over thrown Qu. Elizabeth Excommunicated Jesuits murder'd Cosmo created D. of Tuscany Earthquake Christian League against the Turk Battel of Lepanto Pope Pius dies French K's Sister married to the Prince of Navarre Several Places in the Low-Countries revolt League against the Turk dissolved Venetians make Peace with the Turk D. John of Austria at Tunez A Comet A new Governor in the Low-Countries King of France dies D. John made Vicar of Italy Archb. of Toledo condemned The Low-Countries conspire against Spain Antwerp plunder'd D. John in the Low Countries Catherine Q. of Portugal dies A Comet Birth of P. Philip. Sebastian K. of Portugal slain with all his Army in Africk General Defection of the Low Countries D. of Alenson in the Low Countries Cardinal Henry K. of Portugal Mount Etna Henry K. of Portugal dies Duke of Alva reduces Portugal Queen of Spain dies Alenson Heads the Rebels in the Low Countries Prince of Orange wounded Synod at Toledo Gregorian Account The Empress in Spain Antony the Bastard of Portugal vanquished Pr. James of Spain dies Alençon returns into France Prince of Orange killed Pr. Philip sworn Heir of Spain Duke of Savoy in Spain Pope Gregory dies Sixtus V. chosen Prince of Parma successful against the Rebels in the Low-Countries Conspiracy against the French King Q. of Scots murder'd Sr F. Drake attempts Cadiz 30000 Germans in France Spanish Armada against England destroyed Duke of Guise put to Death Henry III. King of France murder'd by Clement Antony the Bastard with the English Fleet at Portugal Escuriall finish'd Death of two Popes Mortality Antony Perez his Sufferings Mutiniers punish'd Tumults in Aragon appeas'd K. Philip aspires to the Crown of France Quiroga Archbishop of Toledo Archduke Albertus governs the Netherlands Valladolid made a Bishoprick Sir Francis Drake plunders the Coasts of America Cadiz plundred by Drake Amiens taken by the Spaniards Netherlands given to the Princess Elizabeth K. Philip the 2d dies Marriage of K. Philip the 3d. Great Jubilee The Court at Valladolid Birth of the Princess Ann. Final betrayed Embassy into England Peace betwixt Spain and England concluded Pope Clement dies Leo the 11. succeeds Birth of P. Philip. Princess Mary born A great Tax P. Philip sworn heir of Spain Truce with the Dutch Rebels St. Ignatius beatified Henry IV. King of France murder'd Alarache in Africk taken Morisco's banish'd Queen of Spain dies Marriages of Princes An Earthquake Mamora taken War of Savoy and Mantua Pr. Philip Marries the French K's Sister New Passage into the South-Sea Victory over the Hollanders Duke of Lerma leaves the Government K. Philip in Portugal Pr. Ferdinand Archbishop of Toledo Philip III. dies Pope Paul dies Gregory 15th succeeds Philip the 3d dies Philip 4th succeeds Two Sea Fights Rod. Chalderon beheaded Martyrdoms in Japan P. Gregory dies Vrban the 8th chosen Charles P. of Wales in Spain Ormuz taken by the Persians Discovery of Cathay and Tibet Conversion of Ethiopia Dutch in Brasil Dutch and Turks defeated Jubilee at Rome Breda taken Brasil recovered Cortes of Aragon Floods Persecution in Japan Cazal besieged Birth of P. Balthasar Theatines in Spain War in Italy Gustavus Adolphus French in Lorain Pernambuco taken by the Dutch Conversion of Chaldeans A Fire at Madrid Gustavus Adolphus kill'd Death of the Princess Governess of Flanders Duke of Feria in Alsace Wallestein Executed Monstrous Birth War betwixt Fra. and Spain Spaniards take Towns in Picardy Places in Guienne taken Storm of Wind and Rain Defeat of the French in Sardinia Ships taken Landresi taken by the French Marquis de Leganez in Savoy Dukes of Savoy and Mantua die Commotions in Portugal Dutch routed French twice over thrown An Earthquake Roussillon invaded by the French Catalonia rebels Portugal follows the Example The French join with the Rebels Perpignan taken by the French Great Floods Lerida recovered Elizabeth Q. of Spain dies Cortes of Aragon Valencia A hard Winter Cortes of Castile Olivença taken from the Portugueses Spaniards overthrown in Catalonia Castle of Termes taken Overthrow of the French French in Italy Places in the Low-Countries taken by the French Pr. Balthasar dies D. John of Austria at Sea Prince of Conde in Catalonia Montferrat invaded by the Spaniards Truce with Holland Rebellion of Naples Troubles of France Actions in Portugal Courtray taken Ipres delivered to the French Cambray relieved Charles K. of England murder'd Cromwel's Embassador in Spain killed Portolongone taken English Fleet before Lisbon Catalonians return to their Duty Tortosa taken Leopold the Archduke in Champagne Year of Jubilee Castle of Alcaraz surprzed Spanish Ambassador received by the Rebels in England French decline in Catalonia Queen of Spain delivered of a Daughter D. John of Austria at the Siege of Barcelona Feast of S. Rosalia Barcelona recovered Portugueses worsted Cazal taken Taking of Gravelin Dunkirk also gained Turenne overthrown by Conde Succours sent the French Rebels by the Spaniards French invade Catalonia with the Rebels Small Encounters in Portugal Repulfe of the French Pantheon finished French pass the Pyreneans Bulls for Portugues Bishops refused by the Pope Prince of Conti takes Ville Franche Duke of Lorrain apprehended Portugues Ambassador's Brother in England beheaded Pope Innocent X. dies Duke of Guise set at liberty Turks before Candia Perfidious Act of the Portugueses Peece with Oliver Cromwell English invade Hispaniola Ships taken Galleons destroyed Berga in Catalonia recovered D. John of Austria takes Solfona Pope Alexander VII chosen D John of Austria sent for Flaudert Defeat of the French at Valenciennes D. John takes S. Gillain French and English join Montmidy surrendred to the French Plague at Naples French obliged to quit the Siege of Alexandria Exploits of Mallorquins Spanish West India Fleet burnt by Blake Dunkirk taken by the French and English Great Floods Embassie from a Black King Marquess of Mortara attacks the French and is repulsed Duke of Ossuna makes an Irruption into Portugal Badajoz besieged by the Portugueses Badajoz relieved Posture of Affairs in Flanders Cessation of Arms betwixt France and Spain Conferences for Peace Peace Concluded A Bell Rings of it self K. Philip goes with the Princess his Daughter to the Frontiers Ceremony of Contracting the Princess The marriage of the Princess D. John of Austria commands against Portugal He takes Aronches and other Places Enterprizes on the Frontiers of Portugal Duke of Ossima his Actions in Portugal Prince Philip dies A terrible Storm Riches of the Spanish Fleet. Marquess de Leganez destroys many Moors about Oran War betwixt the Venetians and Tarks Turks enter Transilvania A Prodigy D. John of Austria enters Portugal He takes Borba and Juramenha D. John takes Evora and i◠afterwards routed Duke of Ossuna again in Portugal The K.'s Daughter Margaret married to the Emperor War betwixt the Emperor and the Turk Slaughter of the English Garison at Tangier Marques de Caracena General against Portugal K. Phil IV. dies K. Charles II of Spain proclaimed Overtures of Peace betwixt Spain and Portugal Queen Regent of Portugal dies Alarache in vain attempted by the Moors A murder committed by a Woman Turkish Fleet beaten The French begin the War in Flanders French Kingtakes Towns in Flanders Pope Alexander the 7th dies Clement the 9th chosen Rogusa destroyed by an Earthquake Peace concluded with Portugal Alonso K. of Portugal imprisoned by his Brother K. Alonso of Portugal sent to the Island Tercera D John of Austria Ld. Lieutenant and Capt. General of Aragon F. Nitard sent from Court Collation rf great Officers