how_o much_o value_n the_o courage_n and_o conduct_n of_o a_o prince_n be_v yet_o before_o he_o die_v by_o the_o contrivance_n of_o the_o queen_n mother_n roger_n mortimer_n and_o their_o adherent_n such_o a_o dishonourable_a peace_n be_v make_v with_o the_o scot_n as_o exceed_o displease_v the_o whole_a kingdom_n and_o in_o the_o end_n prove_v fatal_a to_o the_o principal_a actor_n mortimer_n for_o at_o this_o treaty_n the_o king_n then_o in_o his_o minority_n seal_v charter_n to_o the_o scot_n at_o northampton_n contrive_v by_o the_o queen_n her_o favourite_n and_o sir_n james_n dowglas_n without_o the_o knowledge_n or_o consent_n of_o the_o peer_n of_o england_n whereby_o that_o famous_a charter_n call_v ragmans_n roll_n be_v surrender_v to_o they_o with_o several_a jewel_n and_o among_o they_o one_o of_o a_o extraordinary_a value_n call_v the_o black_a cross_n of_o scotland_n all_o which_o be_v take_v from_o the_o scot_n by_o the_o victorious_a king_n edward_n i._o the_o scots_a king_n be_v likewise_o free_v and_o discharge_v for_o ever_o from_o do_v homage_n and_o fealty_n to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n or_o from_o acknowledge_v they_o to_o have_v any_o right_a or_o superiority_n over_o that_o kingdom_n and_o that_o all_o englishman_n shall_v forfeit_v their_o land_n in_o scotland_n unless_o they_o go_v and_o reside_v there_o and_o swear_v allegiance_n to_o that_o king_n moreover_o under_o pretence_n of_o make_v reparation_n for_o damage_n king_n robert_n be_v oblige_v to_o pay_v the_o king_n of_o england_n thirty_o thousand_o mark_n sterling_a which_o money_n be_v give_v to_o mortimer_n as_o a_o reward_n for_o his_o procure_v this_o destructive_a and_o mischievous_a treaty_n and_o to_o conclude_v all_o david_n bruce_n prince_n of_o scotland_n a_o child_n of_o seven_o or_o eight_o year_n old_a and_o heir_n to_o k._n robert_n marry_a jane_n sister_n to_o k._n edward_n at_o berwick_n who_o the_o scot_n in_o derision_n both_o of_o the_o peace_n and_o marriage_n scornful_o nickname_v jane_n make_v peace_n last_o the_o queen_n and_o mortimer_n be_v sensible_a that_o some_o of_o the_o principal_a nobility_n dislike_v their_o proceed_n and_o hinder_v their_o absolute_a government_n they_o resolve_v to_o contrive_v some_o mean_n for_o remove_v they_o out_o of_o the_o way_n and_z among_z other_o edward_z earl_n of_o kent_z the_o king_n uncle_n to_o effect_v this_o it_o be_v say_v mortimer_n cause_v a_o report_n to_o be_v spread_v abroad_o that_o k._n edward_n ii_o be_v still_o alive_a at_o corf-castle_n but_o not_o to_o be_v see_v in_o the_o day_n time_n and_o to_o countenance_v the_o deceit_n for_o many_o night_n together_o there_o be_v light_n set_v up_o in_o all_o the_o window_n of_o the_o castle_n and_o a_o appearance_n make_v of_o mask_v dance_a and_o other_o royal_a solemnity_n as_o if_o for_o the_o king_n diversion_n this_o be_v observe_v by_o the_o country_n people_n they_o confirm_v the_o rumour_n of_o the_o late_a king_n be_v be_v there_o which_o be_v soon_o disperse_v throughout_o england_n the_o earl_n of_o kent_n hear_v the_o news_n send_v a_o preach_a friar_n to_o the_o castle_n to_o find_v out_o the_o truth_n of_o it_o who_o by_o give_v money_n to_o the_o porter_n be_v admit_v into_o the_o castle_n lie_v very_o private_o in_o his_o lodge_n all_o day_n at_o night_n the_o porter_n cause_v he_o to_o put_v off_o his_o own_o priestly_a robe_n and_o put_v on_o he_o the_o friar_n be_v bring_v into_o the_o hall_n where_o he_o see_v as_o he_o imagine_v king_n edward_n ii_o sitting_z in_o royal_a majesty_n at_o supper_n the_o friar_n return_v to_o the_o earl_n assure_v he_o of_o the_o reality_n of_o what_o he_o have_v see_v whereupon_o the_o earl_n be_v discontent_v swear_v that_o he_o will_v endeavour_v by_o all_o way_n possible_a to_o deliver_v his_o brother_n out_o of_o prison_n and_o restore_v he_o to_o his_o throne_n to_o which_o purpose_n he_o engage_v several_a other_o nobleman_n in_o the_o design_n with_o the_o provincial_n of_o the_o white_a and_o carmelite_n friar_n the_o bishop_n of_o london_n and_o other_o this_o conspiracy_n be_v discover_v though_o it_o be_v only_o a_o lie_n and_o fancy_n the_o friar_n be_v impose_v upon_o only_a by_o a_o king_n make_v of_o clouts_n yet_o the_o earl_n of_o kent_n by_o his_o word_n and_o some_o letter_n that_o be_v find_v about_o he_o be_v condemn_v as_o a_o traitor_n for_o conspire_v to_o set_v a_o dead_a man_n at_o liberty_n but_o so_o general_o be_v this_o noble_a lord_n belove_v and_o honour_v that_o he_o stand_v upon_o a_o scaffold_n at_o the_o castle-gate_n at_o winchester_n from_o noon_n till_o five_o a_o clock_n at_o night_n for_o want_n of_o a_o executioner_n none_o be_v to_o be_v find_v that_o will_v behead_v he_o till_o at_o length_n mortimer_n send_v for_o a_o poor_a wretched_a fellow_n out_o of_o the_o jail_n who_o with_o much_o ado_n and_o many_o blow_v hack_v his_o head_n from_o his_o body_n the_o malice_n and_o ambition_n of_o mortimer_n and_o his_o associate_n in_o make_v so_o little_a conscience_n of_o shed_v royal_a blood_n with_o the_o many_o other_o male-administrations_a aforemention_v raise_v inveterate_a discontent_n throughout_o the_o kingdom_n against_o the_o insolent_a author_n of_o they_o but_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n they_o who_o resolve_v to_o support_v their_o grandeur_n in_o despite_n of_o peer_n and_o people_n summon_v a_o parliament_n at_o nottingham_n where_o roger_n mortimer_n appear_v in_o the_o utmost_a splendour_n and_o glory_n be_v create_v earl_n of_o march_n and_o have_v great_a attendance_n and_o strong_a guard_n than_o the_o king_n himself_o who_o he_o will_v suffer_v to_o rise_v up_o to_o he_o and_o with_o who_o he_o walk_v as_o his_o companion_n yea_o go_v before_o he_o with_o his_o officer_n he_o likewise_o very_o scornful_o and_o insolent_o rebuke_v henry_n earl_n of_o lancaster_n the_o king_n cousin_n that_o without_o his_o leave_n he_o have_v take_v up_o lodging_n in_o the_o town_n so_o near_o the_o queen_n and_o oblige_v he_o with_o the_o earl_n of_o hereford_n and_o effex_n to_o remove_v their_o lodging_n a_o mile_n from_o nottingham_n this_o notorious_a affront_n cause_v great_a murmur_v among_o the_o nobleman_n who_o say_v public_o that_o roger_n mortimer_n the_o queen_n gallant_a and_o the_o king_n master_n seek_v by_o all_o mean_v possible_a to_o destroy_v all_o the_o royal_a blood_n thereby_o to_o usurp_v the_o crown_n and_o government_n which_o some_o of_o the_o king_n friend_n be_v mighty_o concern_v at_o endeavour_v to_o make_v he_o sensible_a of_o his_o danger_n swear_v that_o if_o he_o will_v espouse_v their_o cause_n they_o will_v faithful_o assist_v he_o and_o secure_v his_o person_n the_o young_a king_n begin_v already_o to_o put_v on_o serious_a thought_n and_o act_v the_o man_n much_o beyond_o his_o year_n so_o that_o the_o lord_n soon_o prevail_v upon_o he_o to_o join_v with_o they_o in_o assert_v his_o own_o authority_n which_o he_o himself_o see_v so_o much_o lessen_v by_o mortimer_n 〈◊〉_d grow_v power_n he_o be_v likewise_o inform_v that_o 〈◊〉_d be_v common_o report_v the_o queen_n be_v with_o child_n by_o mortimer_n to_o the_o great_a dishonour_n both_o of_o his_o mother_n and_o himself_o and_o to_o the_o grief_n of_o all_o his_o loyal_a subject_n hereupon_o he_o resolute_o engage_v with_o the_o peer_n to_o bring_v this_o miscreant_n and_o his_o abettor_n to_o punishment_n in_o order_n to_o which_o robert_n holland_n who_o have_v be_v long_a governor_n of_o nottingham-castle_n and_o know_v all_o the_o secret_a passage_n and_o conveyance_n therein_o be_v take_v into_o the_o design_n now_o there_o be_v in_o the_o castle_n a_o private_a passage_n cut_v through_o the_o rock_n upon_o which_o it_o be_v build_v which_o be_v divide_v into_o two_o way_n one_o open_v towards_o the_o river_n of_o trent_n which_o run_v under_o it_o and_o the_o other_o go_v a_o great_a deal_n far_o under_o the_o adjoin_a meadow_n and_o be_v after_o call_v mortimer_n hole_n the_o king_n lie_v one_o night_n without_o the_o castle_n be_v conduct_v by_o torchlight_n through_o this_o passage_n himself_n and_o his_o valiant_a attendant_n be_v all_o well_o arm_v and_o their_o sword_n draw_v till_o he_o come_v to_o the_o door_n of_o the_o queen_n bedchamber_n which_o the_o secure_a and_o careless_a lord_n have_v leave_v wide_o open_a some_o of_o the_o foremost_a enter_v the_o room_n desire_v the_o king_n to_o retire_v a_o little_a that_o the_o queen_n may_v not_o see_v he_o and_o slay_v sir_n hugh_n turpington_n who_o oppose_v they_o from_o who_o they_o go_v towards_o the_o queen_n mother_n with_o who_o they_o find_v mortimer_n both_o just_a ready_a to_o go_v into_o bed_n and_o seize_v he_o they_o lead_v he_o out_o into_o the_o hall_n who_o the_o queen_n follow_v cry_v out_o bel_n silz_n bell_n filz_n aye_v pity_n
de_fw-fr gentle_a mortimer_n good_a son_n good_a son_n take_v pity_n upon_o the_o gentle_a mortimer_n for_o she_o suspect_v the_o king_n be_v there_o though_o she_o do_v not_o see_v he_o then_o be_v the_o key_n send_v for_o and_o all_o the_o castle_n with_o the_o ammunition_n and_o provision_n be_v deliver_v up_o to_o the_o king_n so_o secret_o that_o none_o without_o the_o castle_n have_v any_o knowledge_n of_o it_o but_o only_o the_o king_n friend_n this_o be_v count_v a_o very_a dare_a enterprise_n in_o regard_n that_o mortimer_n have_v usual_o 180_o knight_n beside_o esquire_n and_o gentleman_n as_o a_o constant_a guard_n for_o the_o security_n of_o his_o person_n the_o next_o morning_n early_a roger_n mortimer_n and_o his_o accomplice_n be_v carry_v with_o mighty_a shouting_n and_o rejoice_n of_o the_o common_a people_n the_o poor_a earl_n of_o lancaster_n though_o blind_a make_v up_o the_o cry_n towards_o london_n and_o be_v commit_v to_o the_o tower_n and_o soon_o after_o in_o open_a parliament_n at_o westminster_n be_v condemn_v by_o his_o peer_n without_o be_v bring_v to_o trial_n by_o a_o law_n of_o mortimer_n own_o contrive_v whereby_o the_o earl_n of_o lancaster_n winchester_n gloucester_n and_o kent_n be_v former_o out_o to_o death_n the_o follow_a article_n of_o high_a treason_n be_v lay_v to_o his_o charge_n 1._o that_o he_o be_v consent_v to_o the_o murder_n of_o the_o king_n father_n 2._o that_o he_o treacherous_o occasion_v much_o loss_n and_o dishonour_n to_o the_o king_n at_o stanhope_n park_n by_o procure_v the_o escape_n of_o the_o scot_n for_o which_o he_o have_v receive_v a_o great_a sum_n of_o money_n 3._o that_o he_o cause_v several_a ancient_a deed_n and_o charter_n to_o be_v burn_v wherein_o the_o king_n of_o scot_n be_v oblige_v to_o do_v homage_n to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n and_o have_v make_v a_o dishonourable_a contract_n between_o the_o king_n sister_n and_o david_n bruce_n king_n robert_n son_n 4._o that_o he_o have_v prodigal_o and_o lewd_o waste_v the_o king_n treasure_n as_o well_o as_o those_o of_o the_o two_o spencer_n 5._o that_o he_o have_v be_v a_o evil_a councillor_n to_o the_o king_n and_o have_v be_v too_o familiar_o conversant_a with_o the_o queen_n mother_n all_o which_o article_n be_v sum_v up_o in_o the_o follow_a ragged_a rymes_n which_o may_v very_o well_o have_v be_v in_o prose_n but_o for_o their_o antiqutty_n and_o brevity_n i_o will_v here_o insert_v they_o five_o heinous_a crime_n against_o he_o soon_o be_v have_v 1._o that_o he_o cause_v the_o king_n to_o yield_v the_o scot_n to_o make_v a_o peace_n town_n that_o be_v from_o he_o get_v and_o therewithal_o the_o charter_n call_v ragman_n 2._o he_o by_o the_o scot_n be_v bribe_v for_o private_a gain_n 3._o that_o by_o his_o mean_n king_n edward_n of_o carnarvan_n in_o berkley_n castle_n treacherous_o be_v slay_v 4._o that_o with_o his_o prince_n mother_n he_o have_v lie_v 5._o and_o final_o with_o poll_n at_o his_o pleasure_n have_v robe_v the_o k._n and_o commons_o of_o their_o treasure_n for_o these_o treason_n he_o be_v sentence_v to_o be_v hang_v and_o afterward_o ignominious_o draw_v in_o a_o sledg_n to_o tyburn_n the_o common_a place_n of_o execution_n than_o call_v the_o elm_n and_o there_o upon_o the_o common_a gallow_n be_v as_o ignominious_o execute_v hang_v by_o the_o king_n command_n two_o day_n and_o two_o night_n a_o public_a and_o please_a spectacle_n to_o the_o wrong_a people_n there_o die_v with_o he_o sir_n simon_n bedford_n and_o john_n deverel_n esq_n as_o well_o for_o the_o expiation_n of_o the_o late_a king_n edward_n detestable_a murder_n as_o in_o compliment_n as_o it_o be_v to_o so_o great_a a_o man_n fall_n who_o seldom_o or_o never_o perish_v without_o company_n they_o suffer_v in_o 1330._o the_o king_n by_o the_o advice_n of_o parliament_n deprive_v the_o queen_n of_o her_o excessive_a dowry_n allow_v she_o only_o a_o thousand_o pound_v a_o year_n and_o confine_v she_o to_o a_o monastery_n during_o life_n but_o give_v she_o the_o honour_n of_o a_o visit_n once_o or_o twice_o a_o year_n though_o otherwise_o judge_v she_o scarce_o worthy_a to_o live_v in_o regard_n of_o her_o debauchery_n with_o mortimer_n and_o her_o many_o other_o heinous_a practice_n from_o the_o sudden_a ruin_n of_o this_o great_a favourite_n mortimer_n we_o may_v remark_n what_o enchantment_n honour_n riches_n and_o power_n be_v to_o the_o mind_n of_o man_n how_o sudden_o how_o strange_o do_v they_o blow_v they_o up_o with_o contempt_n of_o other_o and_o forgetfulness_n of_o themselves_o and_o sure_o the_o frailty_n and_o uncertainty_n of_o worldly_a felicity_n be_v very_o visible_a in_o this_o great_a person_n who_o when_o he_o be_v drink_v as_o it_o be_v with_o all_o humane_a happiness_n so_o that_o he_o seem_v to_o fear_v neither_o god_n nor_o man_n be_v sudden_o overtake_v by_o divine_a justice_n and_o bring_v to_o utter_v confusion_n when_o he_o least_o dream_v of_o it_o but_o it_o be_v very_o equitable_a that_o he_o who_o will_v not_o take_v example_n by_o the_o wretched_a fate_n of_o his_o favourite_n predecessor_n shall_v himself_o be_v make_v a_o example_n by_o the_o like_a shameful_a and_o ignominious_a death_n remark_n on_o the_o life_n of_o henry_n stafford_n duke_n of_o buckingham_n favourite_n to_o king_n richard_n the_o three_o two_o or_o three_o considerable_a remark_n do_v natural_o result_v from_o the_o follow_a history_n 1._o that_o tyrant_n be_v but_o single_a person_n can_v never_o perpetrate_v the_o many_o mischief_n which_o they_o be_v usual_o guilty_a of_o do_v they_o not_o meet_v with_o proper_a instrument_n to_o employ_v therein_o 2._o that_o the_o pravity_n of_o mankind_n be_v so_o deplorable_a that_o the_o temptation_n of_o honour_n and_o riches_n too_o often_o prevail_v upon_o man_n and_o engage_v they_o in_o the_o most_o vile_a and_o destructive_a design_n 3._o that_o those_o who_o be_v employ_v by_o tyrant_n must_v never_o boggle_v not_o strain_v at_o the_o great_a villainy_n since_o if_o they_o be_v not_o as_o thorough_o wicked_a as_o their_o master_n he_o will_v account_v they_o his_o implacable_a enemy_n and_o they_o be_v subject_a to_o be_v just_o ruin_v by_o his_o unjust_a and_o revengeful_a hand_n all_o these_o maxim_n seem_v to_o be_v verify_v in_o the_o life_n action_n and_o fall_v of_o this_o great_a man_n henry_n stafford_z duke_z of_o buckinham_n he_o be_v son_n to_o humphrey_n stafford_n of_o brecknockshire_n in_o wales_n who_o be_v create_v duke_n of_o buckingham_n and_o lord_n high_a constable_n of_o england_n by_o king_n henry_n vi._n be_v descend_v from_o a_o daughter_n of_o thomas_n of_o woodstock_n young_a son_n to_o king_n edward_n iii_o his_o son_n succeed_v he_o in_o his_o title_n and_o honour_n and_o be_v a_o great_a favourite_n to_o king_n richard_n iii_o and_o very_o instrumental_a in_o advise_v he_o to_o he_o usurp_v throne_n as_o by_o the_o follow_a relation_n appear_v when_o king_n edward_n iv_o die_v he_o leave_v behind_o he_o two_o son_n edward_n his_o successor_n of_o thirteen_o and_o richard_n duke_n of_o york_n of_o eleven_o year_n of_o age._n the_o young_a king_n and_o his_o brother_n be_v by_o their_o father_n will_n commit_v to_o the_o care_n of_o the_o earl_n of_o rivers_n the_o queen_n brother_n who_o he_o make_v protector_n of_o the_o king_n during_o his_o minority_n the_o court_n be_v at_o this_o time_n keep_v at_o ludlow_n in_o wales_n to_o retain_v the_o welsh_a in_o obedience_n who_o begin_v to_o be_v unruly_a and_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o earl_n of_o river_n dispose_v of_o all_o office_n and_o place_n of_o preferment_n which_o very_o much_o dislatisfy_v the_o duke_n of_o gloucester_n brother_n to_o king_n edward_n iu._n and_o uncle_n to_o the_o present_a king_n who_o upon_o his_o brother_n death_n poss_v from_o the_o north_n where_o he_o than_o be_v to_o london_n and_o find_v the_o queen_n and_o her_o kindred_n have_v the_o whole_a government_n of_o affair_n about_o the_o king_n he_o be_v very_o much_o displease_v as_o judge_v it_o a_o main_a obstacle_n to_o his_o usurpation_n and_o and_o advancement_n to_o the_o throne_n which_o it_o seem_v he_o have_v long_o before_o design_v for_o it_o be_v report_v that_o the_o very_a night_n wherein_o king_n edward_n iv_o die_v one_o misselbrook_n come_v early_o in_o the_o morning_n to_o one_o potter_n live_v in_o redcross_n street_n near_o cripplegate_n and_o tell_v he_o that_o the_o king_n be_v dead_a by_o my_o troth_n man_n say_v potter_n then_o will_v my_o master_n the_o duke_n of_o gloucester_n be_v king_n for_o sure_o if_o he_o have_v not_o be_v acquaint_v with_o his_o master_n intention_n he_o will_v not_o have_v thus_o speak_v but_o the_o duke_n know_v that_o a_o business_n of_o such_o consequence_n be_v not_o to_o be_v manage_v alone_o he_o
in_o very_o good_a order_n but_o this_o unexpected_a and_o dismal_a discomfiture_n of_o his_o horse_n in_o those_o mischievous_a ditch_n utter_o confound_v all_o his_o measure_n so_o that_o he_o be_v compel_v after_o some_o disorder_a resistance_n to_o leave_v to_o the_o scot_n the_o great_a victory_n that_o ever_o they_o obtain_v against_o the_o english_a in_o any_o age_n either_o before_o or_o since_o king_n edward_n can_v hardly_o be_v persuade_v to_o make_v his_o escape_n it_o be_v the_o first_o time_n that_o ever_o he_o discover_v any_o symptom_n of_o the_o courage_n of_o a_o valiant_a english_a king_n but_o at_o length_n be_v over-persuaded_n by_o his_o friend_n himself_o and_o his_o cowardly_a favourite_n spencer_n who_o k._n edward_n own_o historian_n call_v a_o fainthearted_a kite_n flee_v with_o all_o speed_n to_o a_o place_n of_o safety_n all_o thing_n prove_v unfortunate_a in_o this_o battle_n for_o when_o the_o foot_n perceive_v the_o horse_n in_o that_o wretched_a 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hereford_n who_o be_v after_o exchange_v for_o king_n robert_n queen_n who_o have_v be_v long_a time_n prisoner_n in_o england_n this_o battle_n be_v fight_v at_o a_o place_n call_v bannock_n boum_n near_o sterling_n in_o scotland_n on_o midsummer_a day_n june_n 24_o 1314._o and_o king_n robert_n have_v be_v former_o resident_n in_o england_n treat_v the_o prisoner_n with_o all_o kind_n of_o civility_n and_o send_v the_o body_n of_o the_o earl_n of_o gloucester_n and_o lord_n clifford_n to_o england_n to_o be_v honourable_o bury_v with_o their_o ancestor_n from_o this_o overthrow_n king_n edward_n and_o his_o minion_n spencer_n make_v their_o escape_n to_o berwick_n and_o come_v from_o thence_o to_o york_n where_o he_o public_o declare_v that_o he_o be_v resolve_v instant_o to_o raise_v new_a force_n and_o to_o regain_v the_o honour_n he_o have_v lose_v or_o else_o to_o lose_v his_o life_n in_o the_o attempt_n but_o all_o his_o design_n of_o that_o kind_n prove_v utter_o fruitless_a 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be_v count_v dainty_a victual_n the_o poor_a steal_v fat_a dog_n to_o eat_v they_o yea_o some_o compel_v with_o hunger_n be_v their_o own_o child_n and_o other_o steal_v their_o neighbour_n child_n to_o eat_v they_o thief_n in_o prison_n kill_v and_o tear_v in_o piece_n those_o that_o come_v new_o in_o and_o greedy_o devour_v they_o half_a alive_a as_o for_o cow_n sheep_n goat_n etc._n etc._n they_o be_v general_o rot_v and_o corrupt_v by_o eat_v the_o grass_n which_o be_v infect_v as_o it_o grow_v so_o that_o those_o who_o eat_v of_o they_o be_v poison_v but_o neither_o these_o woeful_a visitation_n nor_o the_o innumerable_a dishonour_n affliction_n and_o discontent_n under_o which_o the_o nation_n lie_v have_v any_o influence_n upon_o the_o king_n or_o his_o minister_n which_o give_v encouragement_n to_o one_o john_n poydras_n a_o tanner_n son_n at_o exeter_n to_o attempt_v a_o very_a dare_a enterprise_n he_o bold_o affirm_v himself_o to_o be_v the_o true_o beget_v son_n of_o the_o last_o king_n edward_n the_o first_o and_o say_v that_o he_o be_v change_v in_o his_o cradle_n by_o his_o nurse_n for_o a_o carter_n child_n offering_z divers_z colourable_a allegation_n to_o prove_v the_o same_o and_o among_o the_o rest_n he_o strong_o insist_v upon_o the_o unprincely_a and_o unworthy_a quality_n and_o action_n of_o the_o king_n such_o as_o none_o can_v be_v guilty_a of_o that_o be_v not_o of_o a_o mean_a sordid_a and_o obscure_a birth_n and_o descent_n his_o confident_a claim_n and_o dare_a assertion_n quick_o affect_v the_o mind_n of_o the_o common_a people_n so_o that_o many_o gather_v to_o he_o and_o acknowledge_v he_o for_o their_o king_n but_o at_o length_n he_o be_v apprehend_v and_o have_v confess_v his_o treason_n he_o be_v condemn_v and_o execute_v for_o his_o folly_n near_o northampton_n declare_v that_o he_o do_v it_o by_o the_o motion_n of_o a_o familiar_a spirit_n who_o he_o have_v serve_v three_o year_n in_o the_o likeness_n of_o a_o cat._n about_o the_o same_o time_n divers_a notorious_a thief_n and_o robber_n near_o two_o hundred_o in_o number_n be_v all_o clothe_v like_o grey_a friar_n rob_v and_o murder_v and_o destroy_v the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o north-countrey_n without_o regard_n to_o quality_n age_n or_o sex_n but_o some_o force_n be_v send_v against_o they_o take_v the_o great_a part_n who_o be_v deserve_o execute_v for_o the_o same_o the_o nobility_n and_o gentry_n perceive_v that_o the_o distemper_n and_o mischief_n in_o the_o realm_n do_v daily_o increase_v and_o grow_v more_o dangerous_a they_o like_o good_a physician_n determine_v to_o search_v narrow_o into_o the_o cause_n of_o all_o these_o malady_n and_o to_o provide_v some_o remedy_n for_o their_o redress_n before_o it_o be_v too_o late_o and_o the_o miserable_a oppression_n and_o violence_n daily_o commit_v in_o their_o view_n make_v they_o take_v courage_n to_o inform_v the_o king_n that_o the_o two_o spencer_n by_o their_o mismanagement_n and_o ill_a conduct_n in_o the_o affair_n of_o state_n of_o who_o alone_o the_o king_n take_v advice_n and_o counsel_n be_v the_o immediate_a and_o only_a occasion_n of_o all_o those_o calamity_n and_o misfortune_n which_o now_o miserable_o afflict_v and_o disturb_v the_o whole_a kingdom_n and_o plain_o tell_v he_o that_o they_o have_v so_o great_a a_o interest_n in_o the_o king_n person_n and_o government_n that_o they_o judge_v themselves_o bind_v in_o honour_n and_o conscience_n to_o inform_v his_o highness_n of_o all_o such_o misdemeanour_n aâ—_n be_v commit_v by_o any_o of_o his_o subject_n which_o tend_v â—o_o the_o subversion_n of_o the_o state_n and_o to_o the_o disturb_v of_o the_o public_a peace_n thereof_o they_o conclude_v 〈◊〉_d â—umbly_o implore_v his_o majesty_n that_o he_o will_v be_v please_v to_o dismiss_v the_o two_o spencer_n from_o his_o preâ—ence_n court_n and_o council_n for_o ever_o 〈◊〉_d corrupt_a â—im_n with_o monstrous_a vice_n and_o render_v he_o altogeher_n careless_a
demand_v so_o that_o govern_v all_o thing_n according_a to_o his_o own_o mind_n he_o seem_v to_o rule_v more_o than_o the_o king_n himself_o in_o the_o first_o year_n of_o king_n henry_n reign_n a_o difference_n happen_v between_o he_o and_o the_o french_a king_n lewis_n xii_o who_o upon_o some_o private_a quarrel_n with_o pope_n julius_n ii_o marched_n with_o a_o great_a army_n into_o italy_n and_o possess_v himself_o of_o the_o rich_a city_n of_o bolonia_n king_n henry_n have_v a_o great_a respect_n for_o the_o pope_n because_o he_o have_v dispense_v with_o his_o late_a marriage_n with_o queen_n katherine_n of_o spain_n his_o brother_n arthur_n widow_n and_o likewise_o find_v the_o pope_n be_v unable_a to_o defend_v himself_o offer_v to_o be_v a_o mediator_n of_o peace_n between_o they_o but_o the_o french_a king_n flush_v with_o success_n refuse_v or_o neglect_v his_o proposal_n which_o so_o inflame_v the_o vigorous_a mind_n of_o the_o young_a king_n that_o he_o declare_v to_o the_o world_n as_o he_o scorn_v to_o be_v neglect_v so_o he_o abhor_v to_o be_v idle_a in_o this_o affair_n and_o therefore_o resolve_v by_o invade_v the_o dominion_n of_o france_n to_o withdraw_v that_o king_n out_o of_o the_o pope_n territory_n in_o pursuance_n of_o this_o courageous_a resolution_n he_o instant_o send_v ambassador_n to_o king_n lewis_n require_v he_o to_o deliver_v up_o to_o he_o the_o peaceable_a possession_n of_o his_o two_o dutchy_n of_o guien_n and_o normandy_n together_o with_o his_o ancient_a inheritance_n of_o anjon_n and_o main_a which_o have_v for_o many_o year_n be_v wrongful_o detain_v from_o his_o predecessor_n and_o himself_o the_o little_a acquaintance_n that_o the_o french_a king_n have_v with_o henry_n and_o the_o contempt_n of_o his_o youth_n cause_v he_o to_o return_v a_o slight_a denial_n of_o this_o his_o demand_n whereupon_o king_n henry_n proclaim_v war_n against_o he_o and_o resolve_v to_o invade_v his_o country_n in_o person_n with_o a_o gallant_a army_n and_o believe_v no_o man_n more_o proper_a to_o make_v provision_n for_o this_o great_a expedition_n than_o his_o almoner_n woolsey_n the_o king_n commit_v the_o sole_a management_n thereof_o to_o his_o wisdom_n and_o policy_n and_o he_o scruple_v no_o command_n of_o the_o king_n be_v undertake_v this_o difficult_a charge_n and_o proceed_v therein_o so_o dexterous_o that_o all_o thing_n be_v in_o a_o very_a short_a time_n provide_v necessary_a for_o this_o noble_a voyage_n upon_o which_o the_o king_n march_v with_o his_o army_n to_o dover_n and_o transport_v they_o to_o calais_n he_o proceed_v in_o order_n of_o battle_n to_o the_o strong_a town_n of_o tymyn_n which_o he_o vigorous_o assault_v and_o take_v in_o which_o siege_n the_o emperor_n maximillan_n with_o thirty_o nobleman_n repair_v to_o his_o camp_n and_o be_v all_o enrol_v in_o the_o king_n pay_n the_o king_n march_v from_o thence_o to_o tournay_n which_o he_o likewise_o attack_v with_o such_o briskness_n that_o it_o be_v soon_o surrender_v to_o he_o which_o bishopric_n the_o king_n bestow_v upon_o his_o almoner_n woolsey_n in_o recompense_n for_o his_o care_n and_o diligence_n in_o this_o expedition_n and_o then_o the_o king_n return_v into_o england_n where_o he_o be_v welcome_v with_o the_o news_n of_o a_o great_a victory_n obtain_v by_o the_o earl_n of_o surrey_n against_o james_n king_n of_o scotland_n he_o himself_o be_v slay_v with_o divers_a of_o his_o nobility_n and_o 18000_o scot_n and_o french_a who_o come_v to_o his_o assistance_n after_o the_o king_n return_n the_o bishopric_n of_o lincoln_n become_v void_a he_o bestow_v the_o same_o upon_o his_o lord_n almoner_n and_o then_o the_o archbishopric_n of_o york_n which_o be_v likewise_o vacant_a last_o he_o obtain_v of_o the_o pope_n to_o be_v make_v a_o cardinal_n and_o his_o master_n henry_n for_o his_o great_a zeal_n to_o the_o holy_a chair_n have_v the_o new_a title_n of_o defender_n of_o the_o faith_n confer_v upon_o he_o be_v sudden_o mount_v to_o such_o a_o mighty_a height_n and_o the_o king_n affection_n daily_o increase_v it_o make_v he_o so_o extreme_a proud_a and_o insolent_a that_o he_o think_v none_o to_o be_v his_o equal_a and_o erect_v ecclesiastical_a court_n and_o have_v the_o boldness_n to_o summon_v the_o archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n and_o all_o other_o bishop_n and_o clergyman_n to_o appear_v before_o he_o and_o as_o his_o authority_n be_v superior_a to_o all_o so_o he_o exceed_v they_o all_o in_o covetousness_n and_o ambition_n so_o that_o for_o many_o year_n the_o kingdom_n groan_v under_o his_o monstrous_a oppression_n and_o violent_a depredation_n yet_o his_o ambition_n be_v so_o excessive_a that_o he_o still_o hunt_v after_o great_a dominion_n intermeddle_v with_o affair_n wherein_o he_o be_v not_o concern_v especial_o in_o the_o chancellorship_n which_o then_o pertain_v to_o the_o archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n who_o be_v old_a and_o perceive_v how_o great_a a_o favourite_n woolsey_n be_v with_o the_o king_n he_o choose_v rather_o to_o deliver_v up_o the_o seal_n than_o have_v they_o take_v from_o he_o upon_o this_o surrender_n the_o king_n deliver_v they_o to_o woolsey_n which_o favour_n and_o dignity_n may_v have_v satisfy_v any_o but_o the_o insatiable_a mind_n of_o this_o mighty_a prelate_n who_o be_v now_o cardinal_n archbishop_z lord_z chancellor_z and_o councillor_n of_o state_n but_o he_o still_o aim_v to_o be_v high_a and_o to_o gratify_v his_o humour_n this_o occasion_n offer_v in_o 1517._o pope_n leo_n send_v cardinal_n campeius_n as_o his_o legate_z to_z king_n henry_n to_o solicit_v he_o as_o he_o have_v do_v the_o king_n of_o france_n and_o spain_n and_o the_o prince_n of_o germany_n to_o join_v in_o a_o league_n against_o the_o turk_n who_o make_v horrible_a ravages_n into_o christendom_n the_o subtle_a cardinal_n be_v sensible_a that_o when_o campeius_n arrive_v he_o must_v have_v the_o precedency_n of_o hiâ—_n upon_o all_o occasion_n on_o the_o account_n of_o his_o legateship_n he_o private_o send_v two_o bishop_n to_o calais_n as_o if_o to_o attend_v on_o he_o who_o cunning_o insinuate_v into_o campeius_n that_o his_o journey_n will_v be_v ineffectual_a unless_o woolsey_n be_v join_v in_o equal_a authority_n with_o he_o in_o this_o matter_n whereupon_o campeius_n dispatch_v a_o account_n thereof_o to_o rome_n and_o in_o forty_o day_n receive_v a_o new_a commission_n whereby_o woolsey_n be_v make_v the_o pope_n legate_n and_o joint_a commissioner_n with_o he_o but_o woolsey_n have_v notice_n of_o the_o ragged_a condition_n of_o his_o brother_n retinue_n he_o instant_o send_v a_o great_a quantity_n of_o red_a cloth_n to_o calais_n wherewith_o to_o clothe_v his_o servant_n answerable_a to_o the_o dignity_n of_o so_o great_a a_o personage_n when_o all_o thing_n be_v ready_a campeius_z passed_z the_o sea_n and_o land_v at_o dover_n and_o in_o his_o passage_n to_o london_n by_o woolseys_n order_n he_o be_v receive_v with_o procession_n by_o the_o clergy_n and_o magistrate_n through_o every_o town_n he_o come_v to_o and_o attend_v by_o all_o the_o lord_n and_o gentleman_n of_o kent_n be_v arrive_v at_o black-heath_n near_o greenwich_n he_o be_v there_o meet_v by_o the_o duke_n of_o norfolk_n a_o great_a number_n of_o prelate_n and_o clergy_n and_o many_o person_n of_o quality_n the_o cardinal_n be_v bring_v into_o a_o tent_n cover_v with_o cloth_n of_o gold_n where_o he_o shift_v himself_o into_o his_o cardinal_n robe_n fur_v with_o rich_a ermine_n and_o then_o mount_v his_o mule_n rid_v towards_o london_n have_v eight_o mule_n more_o lade_v with_o his_o equipage_n attend_v he_o but_o these_o not_o be_v sufficient_o magnificent_a in_o proud_a woolsey_n eye_n he_o therefore_o send_v he_o twelve_o more_o to_o make_v the_o pageantry_n more_o gay_a through_o the_o street_n of_o london_n the_o next_o day_n these_o twenty_o mule_n be_v lead_v through_o the_o city_n as_o if_o load_v with_o treasure_n and_o other_o necessary_n to_o the_o great_a admiration_n of_o the_o people_n that_o the_o legate_n shall_v be_v possess_v of_o such_o vast_a riches_n but_o their_o wonder_n quick_o cease_v by_o a_o unlucky_a accident_n which_o turn_v all_o this_o vain_a pomp_n into_o ridicule_n for_o in_o go_v through_o cheapside_n one_o of_o the_o skittish_a jade_n affright_v with_o the_o multitude_n of_o spectator_n break_v the_o collar_n he_o be_v lead_v with_o and_o run_v upon_o the_o other_o mule_n put_v they_o all_o into_o such_o disorder_n that_o they_o throw_v their_o sumpter_n to_o the_o ground_n which_o fly_v open_a discover_v the_o cardinal_n gallant_a wealth_n some_o of_o they_o be_v fill_v with_o old_a clothes_n rag_n old_a boot_n and_o shoe_n horseshoe_n and_o old_a iron_n other_o with_o marybone_n scrap_n of_o meat_n roast_a egg_n mouldy_a crust_n and_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o other_o trumpery_n which_o give_v sufficient_a diversion_n to_o the_o people_n who_o shout_v and_o clap_v
fit_a to_o give_v or_o no._n be_v we_o come_v to_o a_o end_n of_o our_o country_n liberty_n be_v we_o secure_v for_o time_n future_a we_o be_v accountable_a to_o a_o public_a trust_n and_o since_o there_o have_v be_v a_o public_a violation_n of_o the_o law_n by_o the_o king_n minister_n nothing_o will_v satisfy_v but_o a_o public_a amends_o and_o our_o desire_n to_o vindicate_v the_o subject_n right_n be_v no_o more_o than_o what_o be_v lay_v down_o in_o former_a law_n let_v we_o be_v sure_a that_o the_o subject_n liberty_n go_v hand_n in_o hand_n with_o the_o supply_n and_o not_o to_o pass_v the_o one_o till_o we_o have_v good_a ground_n and_o a_o bill_n for_o the_o other_o upon_o the_o petition_n of_o right_n which_o the_o house_n of_o lord_n will_v have_v have_v this_o addition_n to_o '_o we_o present_v this_o our_o humble_a petition_n to_o your_o majesty_n with_o the_o care_n not_o only_o of_o preserve_v our_o own_o liberty_n but_o with_o due_a regard_n to_o leave_v entire_a that_o sovereign_a power_n wherewith_o your_o majesty_n be_v trust_v for_o the_o protection_n safety_n and_o happiness_n of_o the_o people_n sir_n tho._n wentworth_n speak_v thus_o '_o if_o we_o admit_v of_o this_o addition_n we_o shall_v leave_v the_o subject_n worse_o than_o we_o find_v they_o and_o we_o shall_v have_v little_a thanks_o for_o our_o labour_n when_o we_o come_v home_o let_v we_o leave_v all_o power_n to_o his_o majesty_n to_o punish_v malefactor_n but_o these_o law_n be_v not_o acquaint_v with_o sovereign_a power_n we_o desire_v no_o new_a thing_n nor_o do_v we_o offer_v to_o entrench_v on_o his_o majesty_n prerogative_n but_o we_o may_v not_o recede_v from_o this_o petition_n either_o in_o part_n or_o in_o whole_a the_o king_n hear_v of_o his_o ability_n and_o understanding_n use_v all_o mean_n to_o gain_v he_o to_o himself_o by_o bestow_v of_o title_n of_o honour_n and_o place_n of_o trust_n upon_o he_o create_v he_o viscount_n wentworth_n earl_n of_o strafford_n and_o lord_n lieutenant_n of_o ireland_n whereby_o he_o make_v he_o whole_o his_o own_o in_o ireland_n he_o be_v very_o active_a in_o augment_v the_o king_n revenue_n and_o advance_v the_o royal_a authority_n by_o all_o way_n within_o his_o power_n and_o upon_o his_o return_n into_o england_n he_o advise_v the_o king_n to_o go_v into_o scotland_n and_o settle_v the_o peace_n of_o that_o kingdom_n by_o his_o coronation_n there_o he_o have_v intelligence_n that_o if_o it_o be_v defer_v any_o long_a the_o scot_n may_v perhaps_o incline_v to_o elect_a another_o king_n upon_o the_o trouble_n that_o rise_v soon_o after_o there_o on_o the_o account_n of_o impose_v the_o common_a prayer_n upon_o they_o and_o the_o king_n resolve_v to_o raise_v a_o army_n to_o reduce_v they_o but_o doubt_v the_o parliament_n will_v not_o supply_v he_o the_o lord_n tell_v the_o king_n that_o they_o will_v engage_v their_o own_o credit_n to_o forward_a the_o business_n and_o the_o earl_n of_o strafford_n for_o the_o encouragement_n subscribe_v 20000_o l._n other_o nobleman_n follow_v his_o example_n conformable_a to_o their_o estate_n and_o some_o of_o the_o judge_n contribute_v large_o april_n 13._o 1639_o a_o parliament_n be_v assemble_v the_o earl_n of_o strafford_n be_v lead_v into_o the_o house_n of_o peer_n by_o two_o nobleman_n to_o give_v a_o account_n of_o his_o proceed_n in_o ireland_n have_v there_o obrained_a the_o grant_n of_o four_o subside_n for_o mainta_v 10000_o foot_n and_o 1500_o horse_n implicit_o hint_v thereby_o that_o they_o shall_v propostion_v their_o supply_n according_o but_o the_o parliament_n doubt_v that_o the_o irish_a force_n may_v endanger_v religion_n and_o seem_v to_o allow_v the_o justness_n of_o the_o scot_n cause_n and_o of_o the_o good_a that_o may_v be_v obtain_v by_o favour_v they_o in_o this_o conjuncture_n the_o king_n doubt_v they_o may_v vote_n against_o the_o war_n with_o the_o scot_n who_o he_o resolve_v to_o treat_v severe_o for_o not_o comply_v with_o his_o will_n and_o pleasure_n he_o thereupon_o sudden_o dissolve_v they_o to_o the_o great_a discontent_n of_o the_o people_n who_o for_o eleven_o year_n past_a dare_v scarce_o mention_v the_o name_n of_o a_o parliament_n be_v hereby_o disappoint_v of_o a_o supply_n the_o king_n send_v to_o the_o citizen_n of_o london_n to_o lend_v money_n and_o to_o all_o knight_n and_o gentleman_n who_o hold_v land_n of_o the_o crown_n to_o provide_v man_n horse_n and_o arm_n for_o his_o assistance_n the_o citizen_n general_o refuse_v plead_v poverty_n and_o want_n of_o trade_n but_o by_o the_o assistance_n of_o the_o gentry_n a_o army_n be_v raise_v with_o great_a celerity_n of_o which_o the_o earl_n of_o strafford_n be_v make_v lieutenant_n general_n and_o the_o king_n command_v in_o chief_a the_o scot_n have_v notice_n of_o these_o preparation_n speedy_o raise_v a_o army_n with_o which_o they_o march_v into_o england_n to_o make_v this_o the_o seat_n of_o war._n the_o lord_n conway_n doubt_v they_o will_v take_v in_o newcastle_n draw_v off_o 3000_o foot_n and_o about_o 1200_o horse_n to_o secure_v the_o pass_n at_o newburn_n lesly_n the_o scots_a general_n march_v forward_o send_v a_o trumpeter_n to_o the_o lord_n conway_n to_o desire_v leave_n to_o pass_v to_o the_o king_n with_o their_o petition_n which_o be_v deny_v they_o fall_v upon_o the_o english_a and_o kill_v 300_o of_o they_o which_o be_v account_v a_o unhappy_a omen_n several_a of_o the_o lord_n petition_v the_o king_n for_o a_o parliament_n which_o be_v second_v by_o another_o from_o the_o scot_n and_o a_o three_o from_o the_o city_n of_o london_n at_o length_n the_o king_n consent_v to_o it_o have_v first_o by_o advice_n of_o the_o peer_n consent_v to_o a_o treaty_n with_o the_o scot_n at_o rippon_n they_o refuse_v to_o send_v their_o commissioner_n to_o york_n allege_v that_o the_o lieutenant_n of_o ireland_n reside_v there_o who_o proclaim_v they_o rebel_n in_o ireland_n before_o the_o king_n have_v do_v it_o in_o england_n and_o against_o who_o as_o a_o chief_a incendiary_n they_o intend_v to_o complain_v in_o the_o next_o parliament_n for_o the_o parliament_n meeting_n nou._n 3._o 1640._o the_o scotch_a commissioner_n come_v to_o london_n have_v many_o private_a conference_n with_o some_o of_o the_o house_n of_o commons_o and_o it_o be_v conclude_v that_o the_o earl_n of_o strafford_n shall_v be_v immediate_o impeach_v at_o his_o first_o come_v into_o the_o house_n of_o lord_n which_o be_v do_v according_o and_o thereupon_o he_o be_v instant_o take_v into_o custody_n and_o in_o march_n follow_v he_o be_v bring_v to_o his_o trial_n in_o westminster_n hall_n the_o king_n queen_n and_o prince_n be_v present_a in_o a_o private_a closet_n where_o they_o can_v here_o all_o but_o be_v see_v of_o none_o and_o then_o mr._n pym_n impeach_v the_o earl_n of_o twenty_o eight_o article_n of_o high_a treason_n in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o commons_o of_o england_n sharge_v he_o that_o he_o have_v traitorous_o endeavour_v to_o subvert_v the_o fundamental_a law_n and_o government_n of_o england_n and_o ireland_n and_o to_o introduce_v a_o arbitrary_a tyrannical_a government_n by_o traitorous_o assume_v to_o himself_o regal_a power_n over_o the_o law_n liberty_n person_n land_n and_o good_n of_o his_o majesty_n subject_n have_v countenance_v and_o encourage_v papist_n have_v malicious_o endeavour_v to_o stir_v up_o enmity_n and_o hostility_n between_o the_o subject_n of_o england_n and_o scotland_n have_v wilful_o betray_v the_o king_n subject_n to_o death_n by_o a_o dishonourable_a retreat_n at_o newburn_n that_o by_o the_o effusion_n of_o blood_n and_o the_o dishonour_n and_o loss_n of_o newcastle_n the_o people_n of_o england_n may_v be_v engage_v in_o a_o national_a and_o irreconcilable_a quarrel_n with_o the_o scot_n and_o that_o to_o secure_v himself_o from_o be_v question_v for_o these_o and_o other_o traitorous_a course_n he_o have_v labour_v to_o subvert_v the_o right_n of_o parliament_n and_o to_o incense_v his_o majesty_n against_o they_o by_o false_a and_o malicious_a slander_n and_o that_o upon_o the_o dissolution_n of_o the_o last_o parliament_n he_o do_v treacherous_o and_o wicked_o counsel_n and_o advise_v his_o majesty_n to_o this_o effect_n that_o have_v try_v the_o affection_n of_o his_o people_n he_o be_v loose_a and_o absolve_v from_o all_o rule_n of_o government_n and_o be_v to_o do_v every_o thing_n that_o power_n will_v admit_v since_o have_v try_v all_o way_n he_o be_v refuse_v so_o that_o he_o will_v now_o be_v acquit_v both_o by_o god_n and_o man._n and_o that_o he_o have_v a_o army_n in_o ireland_n mean_v the_o army_n of_o papist_n who_o be_v his_o dependent_n which_o the_o king_n may_v employ_v to_o reduce_v this_o kingdom_n to_o his_o obedience_n that_o he_o false_o malicious_o and_o treacherous_o declare_v before_o some_o of_o the_o
the_o unfortunate_a court-favourite_n of_o england_n exemplify_v in_o some_o remark_n upon_o the_o life_n action_n and_o fatal_a fall_n of_o divers_a great_a man_n who_o have_v be_v favourite_n to_o several_a english_a king_n and_o queen_n namely_o i._o peirce_n gaveston_n earl_n of_o cornwall_n ii_o hugh_n spencer_n earl_n of_o winchester_n â—ii_fw-la hugh_n spencer_n the_o son_n e._n of_o glorester_n â—v_fw-la roger_n mortimer_n earl_n of_o march_n v._o henry_n stafford_n duke_z of_o buckingham_z vi_o thomas_n woolsey_n cardinal_n of_o york_n vii_o thomas_n cromwell_n earl_n of_o essex_n viii_o robert_n devereux_n earl_n of_o essex_n ix_o george_n villiers_n duke_n of_o buckingham_n x._o thomas_n wentworth_n earl_n of_o stafford_n by_o r._n b._n london_n print_v for_o nath._n crouch_v at_o the_o bell_n in_o the_o poultry_n 〈◊〉_d cheapside_n 1695._o the_o king_n and_o queen_n of_o england_n to_o who_o the_o follow_a unfortunate_a great_a man_n be_v favourite_n i._o peirce_n gaveston_n earl_n of_o cornwall_n favourite_n to_o king_n edward_n ii_o two_o &_o iii_o hugh_n spencer_n the_o father_n and_o hugh_n spencer_n the_o son_n both_o favourite_n to_o king_n edward_n ii_o iv_o roger_n mortimer_n earl_n of_o march_n favourite_n to_o queen_n isabel_n widow_z to_z king_n edward_z ii_o and_o mother_n to_o king_n edward_n iii_o v._o henry_n stafford_n duke_n of_o buckingham_n favourite_n to_o king_n richard_n iii_o vi_o thomas_n woolsey_n cardinal_n of_o york_n favourite_n to_o king_n henry_n viii_o vii_o thomas_n cromwell_n earl_n of_o essex_n favourite_n to_o king_n henry_n viii_o viii_o robert_n devereux_n earl_n of_o essex_n favourite_n to_o queen_n elizabeth_n ix_o george_n villiers_n duke_n of_o buckingham_n favourite_n to_o king_n charles_n i._n and_o king_n james_n i_o x._o thomas_n wentworth_n earl_n of_o stafford_n favourite_n to_o king_n charles_n i._n to_o the_o reader_n nothing_o be_v more_o obvious_a than_o that_o ambition_n envy_n and_o emulation_n be_v the_o usual_a attendant_n on_o the_o court_n of_o prince_n and_o that_o the_o effect_n of_o they_o have_v be_v often_o very_o fatal_a to_o many_o great_a man_n who_o have_v the_o fortune_n to_o have_v a_o large_a share_n in_o their_o master_n affection_n than_o other_o it_o be_v likewise_o as_o notorious_a that_o there_o be_v certain_a crisis_n of_o government_n wherein_o prince_n have_v be_v oblige_v to_o sacrifice_v their_o darling_n minister_n either_o to_o their_o own_o safety_n or_o to_o the_o importunity_n of_o their_o people_n last_o it_o be_v as_o evident_a that_o some_o court-favourite_n have_v just_o merit_v the_o unhappy_a fate_n they_o meet_v with_o for_o their_o many_o rapine_n insolence_n and_o enormity_n as_o that_o other_o have_v be_v ruin_v mere_o from_o the_o caprichio_n or_o inconstant_a temper_n of_o the_o prince_n who_o they_o serve_v of_o all_o these_o in_o my_o opinion_n the_o ensue_a favourite_n be_v pregnant_a instance_n but_o i_o shall_v leave_v the_o reader_n to_o particularise_v they_o according_a to_o his_o own_o judgement_n and_o will_v only_o add_v that_o they_o be_v not_o all_o to_o be_v condemn_v as_o criminal_a mere_o because_o they_o all_o happen_v to_o be_v unfortunate_a r._n b._n remark_n on_o the_o life_n action_n and_o fatal_a fall_n of_o peirce_n gavestone_n earl_n of_o cornwall_n and_o favourite_n to_o king_n edward_n the_o second_o that_o unhappy_a prince_n edward_n the_o second_o be_v certain_o the_o most_o unfortunate_a in_o his_o favourite_n of_o any_o king_n of_o england_n either_o before_o or_o fince_n his_o reign_n the_o first_o and_o fatal_a favourite_n he_o have_v be_v in_o his_o youth_n before_o he_o come_v to_o the_o crown_n who_o name_n be_v peirce_n gaveston_n bear_v in_o gascoigne_n a_o province_n of_o france_n and_o for_o the_o good_a service_n perform_v by_o his_o father_n in_o the_o war_n in_o that_o kingdom_n his_o son_n be_v take_v into_o such_o favour_n at_o court_n that_o by_o k._n edward_n the_o first_o be_v own_o appointment_n he_o be_v educate_v and_o make_v a_o companion_n to_o the_o young_a prince_n and_o indeed_o his_o outward_a accomplishment_n seem_v to_o render_v he_o worthy_a of_o such_o great_a honour_n be_v a_o person_n of_o a_o sharp_a wir_fw-ge a_o excellent_a shape_n and_o of_o a_o valiant_a temper_n of_o which_o he_o give_v notable_a proof_n in_o a_o battle_n against_o the_o scot_n and_o for_o which_o they_o afterward_o bear_v he_o a_o mortal_a hatred_n but_o all_o these_o worthy_a quality_n be_v utter_o deface_v and_o cloud_v by_o his_o vicious_a inclination_n so_o that_o as_o to_o his_o christian_a and_o moral_a virtue_n which_o be_v only_o real_o commendable_a in_o man_n author_n be_v very_o silent_a in_o mention_v they_o though_o all_o give_v large_a account_n of_o his_o fault_n and_o immorality_n and_o king_n edward_n be_v so_o sensible_a that_o his_o son_n the_o prince_n have_v be_v debauch_v by_o the_o corrupt_a conversation_n of_o gavestone_n that_o some_o time_n before_o his_o death_n he_o be_v banish_v the_o kingdom_n and_o upon_o his_o deathbed_n command_v the_o prince_n his_o son_n to_o repair_v to_o he_o with_o all_o speed_n to_o carlisle_n in_o cumberland_n where_o he_o be_v with_o a_o great_a army_n ready_a to_o invade_v scotland_n he_o give_v he_o many_o worthy_a admonition_n and_o much_o good_a advice_n particular_o that_o he_o shall_v be_v merciful_a just_a and_o kind_a faithful_a in_o word_n and_o deed_n a_o incourager_n of_o those_o that_o be_v good_a and_o ready_a to_o relieve_v those_o that_o be_v in_o distress_n that_o he_o shall_v be_v love_v to_o his_o two_o brother_n thomas_n and_o edmund_n but_o especial_o to_o honour_n and_o respect_v his_o mother_n queen_n margaret_n that_o upon_o pain_n of_o his_o malediction_n and_o curse_n he_o shall_v not_o presume_v without_o common_a consent_n to_o recall_v peirce_n gavestone_n from_o exile_n who_o for_o abuse_v his_o tender_a year_n with_o wicked_a practice_n by_o common_a decree_n of_o the_o nobility_n be_v banish_v he_o also_o add_v a_o strange_a injunction_n for_o a_o die_a man_n namely_o that_o after_o his_o death_n the_o prince_n shall_v not_o presume_v to_o take_v the_o crown_n of_o england_n till_o he_o have_v honourable_o revenge_v the_o injury_n his_o father_n have_v receive_v from_o the_o scot_n and_o finish_v the_o present_a expedition_n against_o they_o and_o that_o he_o shall_v carry_v his_o father_n bone_n about_o with_o he_o in_o a_o coffin_n till_o he_o have_v march_v through_o all_o scotland_n and_o subdue_v all_o his_o enemy_n assure_v he_o that_o while_o they_o be_v with_o he_o he_o shall_v be_v always_o victorious_a last_o whereas_o by_o the_o continual_a attempt_n of_o bruce_n king_n of_o scotland_n he_o be_v prevent_v from_o perform_v his_o vow_n of_o go_v in_o person_n for_o the_o recovery_n of_o jerusalem_n and_o the_o holy_a land_n from_o the_o infidel_n that_o he_o shall_v send_v his_o heart_n thither_o accompany_v with_o 140_o 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allege_v that_o he_o have_v stir_v up_o the_o scot_n to_o make_v war_n with_o he_o but_o king_n francis_n lay_v all_o the_o blame_n on_o the_o cardinal_n dissimulation_n and_o base_a treacherous_a practice_n however_o the_o war_n proceed_v becteixt_v the_o two_o kingdom_n between_o the_o french_a king_n and_o the_o duke_n of_o bourbon_n insomuch_o that_o the_o duke_n flee_v out_o of_o france_n to_o the_o emperor_n to_o save_v his_o life_n the_o cardinal_n have_v notice_n of_o it_o he_o contrive_v that_o he_o shall_v be_v king_n henry_n general_n against_o the_o french_a king_n who_o thereupon_o raise_v a_o great_a army_n against_o bourbon_n and_o drive_v he_o into_o the_o town_n of_o pavia_n in_o italy_n where_o he_o be_v so_o close_o besiege_v that_o he_o can_v get_v no_o provision_n the_o cardinal_n be_v secret_o corrupt_v by_o the_o french_a king_n to_o withhold_v his_o pay_n so_o that_o his_o soldier_n be_v ready_a to_o mutiny_v against_o their_o new_a general_n hereupon_o find_v 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the_o last_o of_o which_o the_o duke_n of_o bourbon_n be_v slay_v however_o his_o army_n be_v command_v by_o the_o prince_n of_o orange_n and_o some_o other_o brave_a general_n the_o pope_n palace_n and_o the_o castle_n of_o st._n angelo_n be_v take_v and_o the_o pope_n be_v make_v prisoner_n with_o twenty_o four_o cardinal_n that_o flee_v thither_o for_o security_n the_o city_n of_o rome_n also_o be_v plunder_v where_o the_o soldier_n gain_v a_o very_a rich_a booty_n so_o that_o they_o be_v overload_v with_o valuable_a jewel_n plate_n and_o money_n during_o the_o siege_n the_o soldier_n will_v often_o clothe_v a_o man_n like_o the_o pope_n and_o set_v he_o on_o horseback_n with_o a_o whore_n behind_o he_o who_o sometime_o blessed_v and_o sometime_o curse_v as_o he_o rid_v along_o and_o who_o the_o soldier_n call_v antichrist_n the_o cardinal_n hear_v of_o the_o misfortune_n of_o his_o father_n the_o pope_n endeavour_v by_o all_o mean_n to_o induce_v k._n henry_n to_o declare_v war_n against_o the_o emperor_n and_o to_o show_v himself_o the_o defender_n of_o the_o church_n but_o the_o king_n reply_v '_o my_o lord_n i_o be_o more_o disturb_v at_o this_o unhappy_a chance_n than_o my_o tongue_n can_v express_v but_o whereas_o you_o say_v that_o i_o as_o defender_n of_o the_o faith_n ought_v to_o be_v concern_v therein_o i_o do_v assure_v you_o my_o opinion_n be_v that_o this_o war_n between_o the_o pope_n and_o the_o emperor_n be_v not_o a_o war_n of_o religion_n or_o for_o the_o faith_n but_o for_o temporal_a possession_n and_o dominion_n and_o now_o pope_n clement_n be_v in_o the_o hand_n of_o soldier_n what_o can_v i_o do_v i_o can_v neither_o assist_v he_o with_o my_o person_n nor_o my_o people_n can_v rescue_v he_o but_o if_o my_o treasure_n will_v help_v he_o take_v what_o you_o think_v convenient_a whereupon_o woolsey_n take_v two_o hundred_o and_o
the_o death_n of_o peirce_n gaveston_n the_o nobility_n recommend_v hugh_n spencer_n the_o young_a to_o the_o king_n to_o succeed_v in_o his_o place_n because_o he_o have_v be_v former_o of_o their_o party_n and_o they_o do_v not_o doubt_v but_o he_o will_v be_v a_o very_a faithful_a counsellor_n but_o as_o the_o proverb_n say_v honour_n change_v manner_n for_o though_o the_o king_n before_o hate_v he_o yet_o he_o soon_o insinuate_v himself_o so_o far_o into_o his_o weak_a mind_n that_o he_o become_v as_o intimate_v a_o favourite_n and_o succeed_v in_o all_o the_o grace_n familiarity_n and_o power_n of_o his_o predecessor_n as_o well_o as_o in_o the_o hatred_n and_o envy_n of_o the_o nobility_n and_o people_n occasion_v by_o his_o insolence_n ambition_n and_o lewdness_n wherein_o he_o seem_v to_o equal_v if_o not_o exceed_v the_o wicked_a gaveston_n and_o thereby_o render_v himself_o so_o acceptable_a to_o the_o vitiate_a soul_n of_o king_n edward_n hugh_n spencer_n his_o father_n a_o ancient_a knight_n be_v yet_o live_v and_o account_v a_o person_n of_o great_a virtue_n a_o wise_a counsellor_n and_o a_o man_n of_o valour_n but_o seem_v very_o forward_o in_o promote_a his_o son_n interest_n and_o grandeur_n he_o be_v likewise_o introduce_v into_o court_n and_o in_o great_a favour_n with_o the_o king_n so_o that_o he_o be_v make_v partaker_n of_o the_o guilt_n and_o calamity_n of_o his_o son_n rather_o out_o of_o natural_a and_o paternal_a love_n and_o tenderness_n than_o from_o the_o wilfulness_n or_o depravity_n of_o his_o mind_n but_o young_a spencer_n be_v nâ—…_n of_o a_o more_o lovely_a shape_n and_o comely_a personage_n than_o he_o be_v of_o a_o profligate_n and_o flagitious_a temper_n the_o spirit_n of_o pride_n rapine_n oppression_n and_o all_o the_o most_o intolerable_a vice_n seem_v to_o have_v whole_o possess_v he_o so_o that_o in_o comparison_n of_o he_o the_o people_n be_v ready_a almost_o to_o wish_v for_o gaveston_n again_o by_o his_o lewd_a advice_n the_o k._n pursue_v his_o former_a course_n of_o debauchery_n spend_v his_o time_n and_o treasure_n among_o lascivious_a harlot_n and_o concubine_n and_o utter_o renounce_v the_o sweet_a conversation_n of_o his_o excellent_a consort_n which_o make_v he_o a_o scorn_n to_o foreign_a prince_n and_o hateful_a in_o the_o sight_n of_o all_o civil_a men._n he_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o ruin_n of_o divers_a widow_n and_o fatherless_a of_o the_o destruction_n of_o many_o nobleman_n and_o gentleman_n and_o at_o length_n of_o the_o utter_a overthrow_n and_o confusion_n of_o himself_o his_o father_n and_o the_o king_n also_o this_o evil_a management_n of_o affair_n cause_v new_a dscord_n between_o the_o king_n and_o his_o nobility_n whereby_o many_o mischief_n happen_v in_o the_o kingdom_n and_o their_o enemy_n have_v a_o fair_a opportunity_n to_o put_v in_o practice_n their_o design_n against_o they_o among_o other_o the_o scot_n have_v joyful_o crown_v the_o valiant_a robert_n bruce_n for_o their_o king_n resolve_v to_o use_v their_o utmost_a effort_n for_o recover_v their_o country_n and_o liberties_n which_o have_v be_v ravish_v from_o they_o by_o the_o valiant_a king_n edward_n i._n who_o have_v make_v a_o entire_a conquest_n of_o their_o kingdom_n and_o appoint_v john_n cummin_n earl_n of_o buquan_n a_o scot_n to_o be_v governor_n thereof_o for_o the_o english_a he_o king_n robert_n have_v vanquish_v in_o battle_n and_o be_v now_o grow_v so_o powerful_a while_o king_n edward_n be_v bury_v in_o soft_a and_o unmanly_a luxury_n and_o delight_n that_o he_o send_v his_o brother_n edward_n to_o besiege_v the_o castle_n of_o sterling_n which_o bold_a attempt_n begin_v to_o awaken_v the_o king_n of_o england_n out_o of_o his_o destructive_a slumber_n so_o that_o with_o all_o speed_n raise_v a_o very_a potent_a army_n he_o with_o all_o diligence_n march_v towards_o the_o relief_n thereof_o hector_n boetius_fw-la the_o scots_a historian_n give_v a_o very_a surprise_v account_n of_o the_o number_n of_o soldier_n that_o king_n edward_n carry_v with_o he_o to_o this_o siege_n which_o he_o reckon_v to_o be_v one_o hundred_o and_o fifty_o thousand_o horseman_n and_o as_o many_o foot_n and_o because_o this_o may_v seem_v incredible_a he_o add_v that_o beside_o the_o english_a he_o have_v likewise_o the_o assistance_n of_o the_o hollander_n zealander_n fleming_n picard_n boulonis_n gascoign_n norman_n and_o many_o more_o from_o other_o province_n in_o france_n and_o other_o country_n beside_o which_o three_o hundred_o thousand_o man_n of_o war_n he_o relate_v that_o there_o be_v a_o vast_a multitude_n of_o woman_n child_n servant_n yea_o whole_a family_n with_o their_o house-hold-stuff_n which_o follow_v the_o camp_n wherein_o this_o author_n may_v be_v think_v to_o have_v design_v the_o magnify_v the_o valour_n of_o his_o countryman_n who_o with_o far_o more_o inconsiderable_a force_n defeat_v this_o mighty_a host_n his_o darling_n spencer_n accompany_v the_o king_n in_o this_o expedition_n but_o the_o earl_n of_o lancaster_n warren_n warwick_n and_o arundel_n the_o great_a peer_n of_o that_o age_n positive_o refuse_v to_o attend_v he_o since_o he_o and_o his_o evil_a minister_n continue_v their_o invasion_n and_o depredation_n upon_o the_o liberty_n and_o estate_n of_o the_o people_n notwithstanding_o the_o provision_n they_o have_v so_o often_o make_v and_o he_o have_v so_o often_o consent_v to_o for_o secure_v the_o same_o and_o as_o this_o must_v needs_o diminish_v his_o strength_n so_o it_o likewise_o deprive_v he_o of_o their_o counsel_n and_o conduct_v which_o be_v so_o absolute_o necessary_a in_o military_a affair_n however_o his_o number_n of_o man_n be_v sufficient_a if_o multitude_n without_o discipline_n piety_n or_o courage_n can_v always_o obtain_v victory_n but_o k._n edward_n and_o his_o army_n seem_v rather_o to_o be_v go_v to_o a_o wedding_n or_o a_o triumph_n than_o to_o engage_v a_o rough_a and_o hardy_a enemy_n for_o their_o target_n buckler_n and_o other_o habiliment_n of_o war_n be_v so_o glorious_a with_o gold_n and_o silver_n and_o their_o bright_a armour_n give_v such_o a_o dazzle_a lustre_n against_o the_o sunbeam_n as_o raise_v wonder_n in_o the_o admire_a spectator_n and_o seem_v very_o much_o to_o correspond_v with_o the_o wanton_a humour_n of_o the_o prince_n and_o herein_o it_o be_v very_o apparent_a what_o great_a advantage_n true_a and_o sober_a courage_n usual_o obtain_v against_o vain_a gallantry_n and_o ungrounded_a confidence_n king_n robert_n with_o his_o force_n which_o be_v much_o inferior_a to_o the_o english_a be_v encamp_v near_o king_n edward_n he_o publish_v a_o strict_a order_n the_o evening_n before_o that_o his_o soldier_n shall_v prepare_v themselves_o for_o battle_n the_o next_o day_n and_o that_o they_o shall_v make_v humble_a confession_n of_o their_o sin_n and_o offence_n in_o order_n to_o the_o receive_n of_o the_o bless_a sacrament_n and_o then_o no_o doubt_n the_o lord_n of_o host_n will_v give_v they_o victory_n since_o they_o design_v only_o to_o free_v themselves_o from_o the_o many_o woeful_a calamity_n which_o they_o have_v suffer_v from_o the_o english_a and_o to_o recover_v the_o liberty_n and_o freedom_n of_o their_o country_n far_o otherwise_o be_v it_o in_o the_o camp_n of_o k._n edward_n for_o the_o scot_n have_v the_o day_n before_o surprise_v and_o cut_v off_o several_a english_a horseman_n he_o be_v so_o far_o from_o be_v discourage_v at_o such_o a_o slight_a presage_n of_o ill_a fortune_n that_o he_o resolve_v the_o very_a next_o day_n to_o take_v a_o terrible_a revenge_n upon_o they_o of_o which_o he_o have_v such_o a_o confident_a assurance_n that_o he_o triumph_v before_o the_o victory_n his_o soldier_n drink_v carouse_v and_o threaten_v their_o enemy_n with_o the_o utmost_a cruelty_n that_o can_v be_v execute_v upon_o they_o but_o the_o scot_n to_o obviate_v their_o strength_n by_o policy_n have_v dig_v before_o the_o front_n of_o their_o battalion_n several_a trench_n three_o foot_n in_o depth_n and_o as_o many_o broad_a wherein_o they_o place_v sharp_a stake_n with_o their_o point_n upward_o and_o cover_v they_o over_o so_o exact_o with_o hurdle_n that_o foot_n man_n may_v pass_v light_o over_o but_o horse_n will_v certain_o sink_v in_o and_o this_o strategem_fw-la nâ—xt_v to_o the_o anger_n of_o heaven_n against_o the_o english_a for_o their_o vainglory_n and_o effeminacy_n be_v the_o principal_a cause_n of_o the_o defeat_n of_o king_n edward_n for_o he_o repose_v much_o confidence_n in_o his_o cavalry_n the_o fury_n of_o their_o first_o charge_n be_v intercept_v and_o stop_v by_o these_o pitfalls_a into_o which_o the_o horse_n plunge_v in_o great_a number_n the_o rider_n be_v miserable_o destroy_v with_o much_o ease_n by_o the_o scot_n who_o king_n robert_n march_v on_o foot_n in_o the_o head_n of_o lead_v on_o with_o the_o utmost_a courage_n and_o gallantry_n the_o king_n of_o england_n have_v marshal_v his_o army_n