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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A53222	America : being the latest, and most accurate description of the new vvorld containing the original of the inhabitants, and the remarkable voyages thither, the conquest of the vast empires of Mexico and Peru and other large provinces and territories : with the several European plantations in those parts : also their cities, fortresses, towns, temples, mountains, and rivers : their habits, customs, manners, and religions, their plants, beasts, birds, and serpents : with an appendix containing, besides several other considerable additions, a brief survey of what hath been discover'd of the unknown south-land and the arctick region : collected from most authentick authors, augmented with later observations, and adorn'd with maps and sculptures / by John Ogilby ...	Ogilby, John, 1600-1676.; Montanus, Arnoldus, 1625?-1683. Nieuwe en onbekende weereld.	1671 (1671)	Wing O165; ESTC R16958	774,956	643

Retreat for the Protestants at that time cruelly persecuted and Durande sensible of the Admirals thoughts privately inform'd him That in his American Design he chiefly aim'd to plant a True Church of God in America where the Professors might enjoy themselves peaceably This Report being spread amongst those that call'd themselves Protestants fled from Switzerland in great numbers to France made many of them venture upon the Design who having fitted themselves and setting sail with three Ships after some time arriv'd on the Coast of Brasile and landed on the Rock-Island in the Haven Januario Here Durande built several Watch-houses and the Fort Coligni which he fortified with a considerable number of Guns Not long after he writ to John Calvin That he would please to furnish this new Plantation in Brasile with good and able Teachers of the Gospel which Request being immediately taken into serious consideration by the Classes one Philip Corguileray a Gentleman near Geneva set Sail out of the Haven Honfleurs with three Ships freighted with some Provisions several Persons of divers Trades and two Ministers Peter Richer and William Chartier But he had scarce made Africa Dissention in the new Colony when they began to have a scarcity of Victuals wherefore they turn'd their Design of setling the Gospel in America to Pyracy where they made small scruple or difference whether Friends or Foes but made Prize of all they could light upon though indeed their Ministers both preach'd and perswaded the contrary amongst whom a Controversie happening put other Business into their Heads for one John Cointak formerly a Parisian Sorbonist was also amongst those that remov'd from Geneva who pretended that Coligni had promis'd him a Ministers place so soon as he landed at Brasile but Richer and Chartier not satisfied that there was any such Promise and consequently thinking themselves not obliged by his bare Assertion told him That themselves being able under God to perform the Work they needed no such Coadjutor This bred so great a Rancor between them that Cointak accus'd them for teaching false Doctrine Wickedness of Cointak against the Ministers and chiefly that they did not mix the Wine at their Sacraments with Water which Father Clemens had strictly commanded Durande being prevail'd on by the Cardinal of Lorein joyn'd with Cointak and thereupon so sharply persecuted the Protestants that he starv'd several of them which others to escape fled to the Brasilians Nay he took John Du Bordell Matthias Vermeil and Peter Bourdon out of their Sick-Beds Durande drowns three Religious Men. and tying their Hands and Feet threw them headlong from a Rock into the Sea Soon after which the bloody Persecutor return'd with ill success to France where he wrote a Book against the Reform'd Religion but all the Honor which he gain'd was that all Parties on both sides accounted him a distracted Person SECT XIII The Expeditions of John Ribald Renatus Laudonier and Gurgie Florida unhappily discover'd FLorida being upon the Continent of America and so call'd by John Pontaeus who landed there upon Palm-Sunday though Sebastian Gaboto a Venetian imploy'd by Henry the Seventh King of England landed there before may well be term'd the Europeans Bloody Stage Pontaeus being slain here But Ferdinand Sotto exercis'd against the Inhabitants inhumane Cruelty five years together yet at last died of a deep discontent because he could not reach his Aims having condemn'd so many Floridans fruitlesly to dig for Gold in the Mines However since that Julian Sumanus and Peter Ahumada undertook the Work anew but with the like bad Success Auno 1545 one Lodowick Cancello a Dominican thought to effect great things with four of his Associates but landing on Florida was destroy'd by the Natives But Gasper Coligni the Marshal neither discourag'd by these miserable Proceedings nor the former Treachery of Durande prepar'd for a new Expedition thither Ribald's Voyage and accordingly John Ribald was fitted with two Ships from Diep at the Charge of Charles the Ninth King of France wherewith having sail'd thirty Degrees Northern Latitude he came before the Promontory of Francisco where he ran up into the Mouth of a wide River to which he gave the denomination of Dolphin upon whose Banks were whole Mulberry-Woods which nourish'd Silk-Worms in strange abundance From hence he sail'd by the Wolves Head a Point so call'd because great numbers of Wolves breed there and leaving the Cedar-Island landed on Florida where he built a Triangular Fort and having furnish'd it with Men Guns and Provisions sail'd back for more Supplies to France but coming thither found all things in disorder occasion'd by a War amongst themselves so that the French which guarded and dwelt in the Fort The Garrison in Florida in great want waited in vain for Relief and their Provisions growing scant thought it fittest and their best way to build a Vessel and sail from thence which having effected and being gone about the third part of their Voyage there hapned such a Calm for twenty Days that they made not the least way which drove them to so great extremity their Provisions being spent that they drank their own Urine and fed upon their old Shoes which also in a short time failing they agreed amongst themselves to kill and eat one of their Sea-men call'd Henry Lacher Unheard-of Hunger on whose Flesh they liv'd some days but being again driven to the greatest want imaginable in this extremity of Desparation their Condition being altogether hopeless an English Frigat discovering them and observing by their manner of Sailing that they were in some great want drawing near sent their Long-boat aboard and found them so weak that they were not able to handle their Tack whereupon generously taking pity of them they reliev'd them and conducted them to the Coast of England and then brought them to Queen Elizabeth who had formerly design'd to rig a Fleet for Florida Mean while no News having been heard of the foremention'd French Plantation in Brasile and Coligni's Difference with the King being decided he prevail'd so much Laudonier's Voyage that Renatus Laudonier should with three Ships sail to relieve the Garrison in the late deserted Fort. Laudonier landing in Nova Francia found a Stone with a French Inscription plac'd on the Shore by Ribald and hung full of Laurel Garlands Then he visited the King Saturiona whose Son Atorcus had several Children by his own Mother according to a Salvage Custom observ'd in that Countrey Whilst they stay'd here a Fiery Meteor appear'd in the Sky with such fervor that some Rivers boyl'd with the heat of it and the Fish parboyl'd died nay more it scorch'd all the Plants far and near The Natives ascrib'd this Plague to the French Cannons by which means they stood in great fear of the French who might have done great things had not they differ'd amongst themselves Remarkable difference in the French Fleet. For a Sea-man nam'd Rubel Patracon pretending to have

aptness for Cultivation or Tillage that is because by the painful Hand of the Labourer or Husband-man it may be rendred so fertile as to yield all sorts of Grain and Fruits haply in allusion to that fruitful Countrey of Campania in Italy vulgarly known by the Name of Terradi Lavoro As for the Appellation of Terra Corterealis it need not be question'd but that it derives it self from Gaspar Corterealis a Portuguese Gentleman who about the Year of our Lord 1500. is thought by some to have made the first discovery of these Parts though Sir Sebastian Cabot a Venetian is more generally believ'd to have been the Man that under the favour and countenance of Henry the Seventh King of England first discover'd them at least the adjoyning Island Terra Nova or New-found Land but just onely discover'd being hinder'd the farther prosecution of that Design by the important Affairs in which the said King was about that time involv'd neither did Corterealis whether he was the first or came after do any more for returning within a year after his first setting out he was never heard of nor as Osorius a Portuguese Historian writes any of his Company being all suppos'd to have been drown'd by Shipwrack and in like manner Michael Corterealis who the year following set forth with two Ships in quest of his Brother Gaspar Upon which series of Misfortunes the Portuguese being wholly discourag'd and giving over this Design the French of Armorica or Bretany succeed them in it with somewhat better success about the Year 1504. whereupon it came to be term'd Nova Britannia or New Britain The ancient Inhabitants of this place were formerly of a Nature like the generality of the American People somewhat bruitish and salvage but by long conversation with the French are said to have cast off their original wildness and become more civilly manner'd they are very jealous of their Wives by report much addicted to Soothsaying though otherwise having little of Religion or of any other kind of Learning they dwell for the most part in Caves under Ground feed chiefly upon Fish and are accounted most expert Archers Whatever places the French have built here besides those of chiefest note are St. Maries Cabo Marzo and Brest SECT IV. Canada or New France CAnada as it is taken for one and the same Province with New France contains New France properly so call'd Nova Scotia Norumbega and some adjoyning Islands as the Canada of Cluverius lying more North-Westerly comprehends as we have already intimated Estotiland Laboratoris and Corterealis and according to the most modern Division for that of Cluverius neither consents with the latest Authors nor agrees with exact Survey it being nam'd Canada in respect the River Canada runs through it hath on the North Terra Corterealis on the South New England and on the East the Ocean and hath between forty five and fifty two or fifty three Degrees of Northern Latitude Situation The River Canada is judg'd to be the largest of all the Rivers of America as those Rivers generally the largest of all in the World besides it rises in the Western parts of this Province which remain yet undiscover'd and in some places spreads it self into huge Lakes some of them a hundred Miles in compass with many little Islands dispersed up and down in them and so running from the West about a hundred Leagues falls at last into the North part of St. Lawrence Bay being that wide Emboucheure of thirty five Miles breadth already mention'd This River is extraordinary full of Fish among which there is one sort more remarkable than the rest call'd by the Inhabitants Cadhothuis having Heads resembling the Heads of Hares and Bodies as white as Snow they are taken for the most part before the Isle de Lievres The Countrey on both sides of the River is pleasant and indifferently fertile especially towards the South-West where upwards from the River the Ground rises into many little Hills invested most of them with Vines with which and several other sorts of Trees this Countrey abounds being well water'd with a great many lesser Streams all of them falling into the River Canada That this Countrey is term'd New France First discovery from having been discover'd by the French at least more fully than before there needs no question to be made but whether Joannes Verrazanus under Francis the First of France or Sebastian Cabot before spoken of were the first in this Discovery may admit of some dispute the Cabots indeed for John the Father is by some mention'd to have accompanied his Son who by all are own'd the first Discoverers of New-found-Land and Terra de Baccalaos are also commonly reputed to have first found out the Province of New France together with some parts adjacent though perhaps it might be upon this Ground that Terra de Nova or New-found-Land not being known at first to be an Island New France and that might be taken for one continu'd Province and it appears so much the more probable because Canada or Nova Francia is by some call'd Terra Nova however it be or whoever were the first Adventurers Quarteri and Champlain are the two French-men that have gain'd so much fame by making a more ample and particular search into these parts that this Province may seem from thence to have sufficient claim to the Title of New France whereof that part more especially so call'd lies on the North-side of the River Canada and Southward to Terra Corterealis The Winter is here very long and so much the more severe by reason of a cold North-West Wind which blows most part of the Winter Season and brings with it so thick a Snow that it continues upon the Ground most commonly till after May. The Countrey is for the most part wooddy but in the Champain parts thereof very fruitful of Corn and all sorts of Grain especially Pulse It hath also Fish Fowl wild Deer Bears Marterns and Foxes in abundance and of Hares such plenty that one of the little Islands belonging to this Province is by the French nam'd L' Isle des Lievres or The Island of Hares But the most peculiar Commodity belonging to this Countrey is the Esurgnuy a kind of Shell-Fish extraordinary white and approv'd of singular vertue for the stanching of Blood to which purpose they make Bracelets of them not onely for their own use but also to vend them to others but John de Laet and others have observ'd no other than a superstitious use of them amongst the Salvages in their Funeral Rites for the Dead the manner of their taking it is very remarkable for when any one is condemn'd to die or taken Prisoner they cut off all his fleshy parts in long slices and then throw him into the River where they let him lie twelve hours and at last pulling him out again find his Wounds full of Esurgnui Quadus and Maginus make mention of three ancient Towns namely

the Stars had a sick Husband who Dreamt that he should be restor'd to his former health so soon as he could but taste of the Fruits which grew on a Tree whereby the Family of Heaven were kept alive but that the Tree must needs be cut down which Ataensic obeying gave onely two blows when the Tree to her great amazement fell out of Heaven down to the Earth there being by this means nothing more left to eat in Heaven Ataensic follow'd the fallen Tree and being big with Child bare a Daughter which growing up to years was Deliver'd of two Daughters viz. Taoviscaron and Jouskeha the eldest of which slew the youngest By these Fables we may discern their obscure knowledge of Noah's Flood Eve's Fall and Cain's Murder No less ridiculous is that which they believe concerning the Creation viz. That the Waters were inclos'd within a Frog which Jouskeha causing to be cut open all Streams and Rivers issuing out had their Original from thence This done Jouskeh● open'd a Pit out of which came all sorts of Beasts they ascribe a Bodily shape to the Soul As also of the Creation and Souls of the Deceased as also Immortality but that they live together in a great Village towards the West from which removing sometimes they knock at the Doors of their former Friends in the Night and sow deserted Grounds That the Journey towards the Village in which the Souls reside is very strange the High-way thither beginning at a Rock nam'd Ecaregniendi where they first Paint their Faces which done they go to a Hut inhabited by an old Man nam'd Osotrach who takes the Brains out of the Souls Head after which they walk to a broad River which they cross on a narrow Plank or Bridge on which a Dog encountring forces them to leap into the Water which carries them down to the foremention'd Village They acknowledge one Oki for the Governor of the Sea and seasons of the Year Strange Rock They also Religiously Worship the Rock Tsankchi Arasta which they believe some ages ago was once a Man but afterward Transform'd into a Rock in which a Daemon resides who can make their Journies either successful or dangerous wherefore they offer him Tobacco Thunder Their opinion of Thunder is likewise very ridiculous for they say that the Devil endeavoring to vomit a horrible Serpent by straining to evacuate the same rents the Clouds and occasions Thunder Lastly Thakabech Idol They relate of a Dwarf call'd Thakabech who climb'd on the top of a Tree which by his blowing thereon grew so high that it touch'd the Clouds and Thakabech easily stept into them where he found all sorts of delight and pleasure but having a Sister on Earth descended again along the Tree and fetching his Sister conducted her above the Stars mean while Thakabech going in the Night to see if he had taken any thing in his Net which he had pitch'd found it full of Fire and observing the same very narrowly saw that he had taken the Sun but durst not approach the same by reason of its great heat but making a Mouse sent her to gnaw the Net in pieces and set the Sun at liberty Every twelfth year they keep an extraordinary great Funeral-Feast Funeral-Feast for on the Set-time they flock from all parts to the appointed place every one carrying thither the Bodies or Bones of their Deceas'd Friends wrapt up in Clothes and hang them over their Meat which they eat singing such fond and Superstitious Conceits make up the Religion of these poor deluded People SECT V. Accadia or Nova Scotia NOva Scotia or New Scotland formerly call'd Accadia is commonly accounted a part of New France viz. that part which lying on the South side of the River Canada and shooting South-Easterly into a bosom of the Sea forms it self into a Peninsula between the Gulph of St. Lawrence and the Bay Francoise nevertheless because of the different concernments of this part of the Countrey in regard the right of claim to several places in this district most especially of all Nova Francia besides hath been long in dispute between Us and the French it will be most convenient to Treat of it apart and because the Series of Affairs from its first discovery till of late years appears faithfully represented on the English part in a Remonstrance Address'd to the King and Council by Sir Lewis Kirk and his Brother John Kirk Esquire it will not be amiss onely adding some few things upon occasion to follow exactly the Narration of Affairs deliver'd in the said Remonstrance to this effect 1. THe whole Tract or Space of Land in America lying on either side of the River Canada which a long time since were known by the Names of Nova Francia and Nova Scotia were at first discover'd and found out by the English in the time of Henry the Seventh King of England which Expedition was first undertaken at the Command and Charges of that King afterwards further'd and carry'd on by the favorable Aspect of Queen Elizabeth so that in process of time for many years together the said Tract of Ground with absolute Priviledge of free Commerce fell under the Jurisdiction and Power of the Crown of England Neither was it unto any other Christian Princes or their Subjects more clearly known or discover'd untill about the year 1600. some of the French understanding the benefit arising by Traffique in the River of St. Lawrence having formerly seiz'd upon that Tract of Land situate on the North side of the said Floud or River Canada did afterwards in Anno 1604. under the Conduct of Peter de Gua Lord of Monts who in the year 1606. was follow'd by Monsieur de Pourtrincourt Possess themselves of L' Accadie lying on the South side of the said River naming the whole Nova Francia challenging to themselves for many years at least de facto the Possession thereof with sole liberty of Commerce there 2. In Anno 1621. King James of England looking upon the Possession gotten there by the French as upon an Invasion did by his Letters Patents Grant unto Sir William Alexander a Scotchman Created afterwards Earl of Sterling by King Charles the First L' Accadie by the Name of Nova Scotia who in the year 1622 and 1623. after Sir Samuel Argal had driven out Biard and Masse and demolishing their Fort carry'd them Prisoners to Virginia having obtain'd the Possession thereof they Planted a Colony therein and kept Possession for about two years after until such time as upon the Marriage of his Majesty King Charles the First with the Lady Henrietta Maria the said L' Accadie or Nova Scotia was by Order of the King of England return'd into the Possession of the French 3. Afterwards a War arising between his Majesty King Charles the First and Lewis the XIII Anno 1627 and 1628. Sir David Kirk and his Brethren and Relations of England did by vertue of his Majestie 's Commission send to Sea

there Captain Francis Drake set Sail from Plymouth Anno 1577. and after much hardship getting through the Straights of Magellan arriv'd in the Haven Guatulco having before his coming thither taken as many rich Spanish Ships in the Southern Ocean as he could possibly have wish'd for so that his onely care now needed to have been how to get safe home yet he put on a Resolution not to come short of Ferdinandus Magellanus who Saild about the World Which brave Resolution of Drake's was approv'd of by all his Sea-men whereupon he set Sail along the North of California the fifth of June being gotten into forty two Degrees which was the farthest that Cabrillo went he came on a sudden out of a warm Air into so frigid a Climate that the Sea-men were almost kill'd with Cold and the farther they went the colder it grew wherefore falling down three Degrees more Southerly they got into a convenient Haven where the Natives who liv'd along the Shore brought them Presents which Drake left not unrequited by returning them others that were to them more novel and not unuseful Nature and Habit of the People These People are exceeding hardy for notwithstanding the extraordinary coldness of the Climate the Men go naked but the Women wear Garments of pleited Flags or Rushes which being put about their Middle hang down to their Ancles on their Stomachs hang the ends of a hairy Skin ty'd together which hanging also over their Shoulders cover their hinder Parts They shew great Respect and Obedience to their Husbands Each House is surrounded with an Earthen Wall and all the Corners thereof being close stopp'd and Fires made in the midst of them they are very warm Rushes and Flags strow'd thick on the Ground near the Walls serve them in stead of Beds Drake's Entertainment by the King of the Countrey The rumour of these Strangers arrival spreading all over the Countrey made the Inhabitants far and near desirous to see them the King himself sending Ambassadors to Drake to inform him that he was on the Way coming to see him all which the Agents related at large and desir'd some Presents as a testimony that their King should be welcome which he being assur'd of came with a Retinue of above twelve thousand Men before whom walk'd one of a Gygantick size carrying a costly Scepter on which by three long Chains made of Bones hung a great and a small Crown made of Feathers next follow'd the King himself in a Sute of Cony-Skins then came a great confus'd company of People each of them carrying a Present whereupon Drake putting his Men into good order march'd to meet the King at which the Mace-bearer made a long Preamble and when he had done Danc'd to the Tune of a Song which he Sung himself then the King and his whole Retinue also fell a Singing and Dancing so long till being weary the King went to Drake and humbly desir'd of him that he would accept of the Realm assuring him that all the People should be under his Obedience which said he put the fore-mention'd Crown on his Head and hanging three double Chains about his Neck call'd him Hioh whereupon Drake took possession of the Countrey in Queen Elizabeths Name The King staying alone with Drake his Retinue went amongst the English every one looking very earnestly upon them and to those whom they lik'd best being the youngest they falling down and crying proffer'd Offerings as to Gods and held their Cheeks to draw Blood out of them which the English refusing they desisted but shew'd them great Wounds and desir'd some Plaisters of them which they suppli'd them with The English going up into the Countrey found the same well grown with Woods which abounded with Coneys whose Heads differ'd little from the European but having Feet like Moles long Tails like Rats and in their Sides a Bag wherein when they had fill'd their Bellies they put the remainder They also saw numerous Herds of Deer with whose Flesh having been courteously Entertain'd in several Villages they return'd to the Fleet. Drake just before he weighed Anchor caus'd a Pillar to be set in the Ground with a Silver Plate on the same A Monument erected by Drake before his departure with an Inscription mentioning the Day of his Arrival Name and Arms of Queen Elizabeth and free delivering of that Realm to him by the Indians he also nail'd a Sixpence with the Queens Effigies on the Plate under which he caus'd his own Name to be Engraven THE ISLANDS OF Northern America CHAP. XI Terra Nova or New-found Land with the Island of Assumption HAving treated at large of all the several Regions and Provinces of the North part of the Continent of America we come now to those Islands that lie within the same Degrees of Northern Latitude with that part of the Continent The first is Terre Neuve or New-found Land discover'd together with several other Parts upon the Continent before mention'd by Sir Sebastian Cabott by the Countenance and Charge of King Henry the Seventh of England whereupon a rightful Claim thereunto and Interest therein hath been own'd by the succeeding Kings of England as hereafter shall be more particularly related Situation and bound of New-found Land New-found Land is situated betwixt the Degrees of forty six and fifty three of Northern Latitude and is divided from the Continent of America by an Arm of the Sea in like distance as England is from France The Island is as large as England in length greater in breadth and lies near the Course that Ships usually hold in their Return from the West-Indies and is near the mid-way between Ireland and Virginia INSULAE AMERICANAE IN OCEANO SEPTENTRIONALI cum Terris adiacentibus We shall not much need to commend the wholsom temperature of this Countrey Temperature seeing the greatest part thereof lieth above three Degrees nearer to the South than any part of England doth so that even in the Winter it is pleasant and healthful as England is Nature of the Inhabitants The natural Inhabitants of the Countrey as they are but few in number so are they something a rude and salvage People having neither knowledge of God nor living under any kind of Civil Government In their Habits Customs and Manners they resemble the Indians of the Continent from whence it is to be suppos'd they come they live altogether in the North and West part of the Countrey which is seldom frequented by the English but the French and Biscainers who resort thither yearly for the Whale-fishing and also for the Cod-fish report them to be an ingenuous and tractable People being well us'd and very ready to assist them with great labour and patience in the killing cutting and boyling of Whales and making the Trayn-Oyl without expectation of other Reward than a little Bread or some such small Hire It hath the most commodious Harbours in the World Commodious Harbors and the most safe

AMERICA AMERICA BEING THE LATEST AND MOST ACCURATE DESCRIPTION OF THE NEVV VVORLD CONTAINING The Original of the Inhabitants and the Remarkable Voyages thither THE CONQUEST OF THE VAST EMPIRES OF Mexico and Peru AND OTHER LARGE PROVINCES and TERRITORIES WITH THE SEVERAL EUROPEAN PLANTATIONS IN THOSE PARTS ALSO Their Cities Fortresses Towns Temples Mountains and Rivers Their Habits Customs Manners and Religions Their Plants Beasts Birds and Serpents WITH An APPENDIX containing besides several other considerable Additions a brief Survey of what hath been discover'd of the Vnknown South-Land and the Arctick Region Collected from most Authentick Authors Augmented with later Observations and Adorn'd with Maps and Sculptures by JOHN OGILBY Esq His Majesty's Cosmographer Geographick Printer and Master of the Revels in the Kingdom of IRELAND LONDON Printed by the Author and are to be had at his House in White Fryers M.DC.LXXI A Catalogue of the Authors which are either mention'd or made use of in this Volume of America ABraham Mellinus Abraham Mylius Adriaen vander Donk Aelian Albertus Magnus Aldrete Aelius Lampridius Alexander Aphrodiensis Alexander ab Alexandro Alexander Guaginus Alonso Garcia Alonso de Ouagli Andraeas Caesariensis Angrin Jonas Antonio de Herrera Apuleius Aristonicus Grammaticus Aristotle Athanasius Kircher Augustinus Augustin de Tarcate Augustus Thuanus Ayton of Armenia Balthazar de Amizquita Barnaba Cabo Bartholomaeo de las Casas Benjamin Tudalensis Caspar Barlaeus Castaldus Charles Rochfort Christopher Arcisseuski Cicero Claude de Abbeville Clemens Alexandrinus Conradus Gesner Cornelius Nepos Cornelius Witfleet Ctesias Curtius Cyrianus David Ingran David Powel Diodorus Siculus Dionysius Halicarnassaeus Dirk Ruiters Dithmar Blefken Duarte Mendez Seraon Egydius Fletcher Emanuel de Moraez Erasmus Stella Erick Roothaer Everhard Reid Eusebius Euthymius Zibagenus Festus Avienus Francisc Burmannus Francisc Delapuente Francisc de Gomara Francisc Lopes de Gomesa Francisc Raphelingius Francisc Soarez Francisc Tirolmonte Francisc Xaverius Fullerus Galenus Garcilasso de la Vega Genebrardus Gerardus Joannes Vossius Guido de Brez Guilielm Piso Guilielm Postellus Harmannus Moded Henrick Haelbos Henrick Hawks Hernando de Leon Herodotus Hesychius Hieronim Benzo Hieronim Cardanus Homer Hugo Grotius Hugo Linschot Jacob Bontius Jacob Planensis Jacob Rabbi Inca Garcilasso Joannes Ardenois Joannes Bertius Joannes Chilton Joannes Gysius Joannes Johnstonus Jean de Laet Joannes de Ledesma Joannes Leonclavius Joannes Lery Joannes Mariana Joannes Nieuwhof Joan. van de Sande Joseph Acosta Joseph Anchieta Joseph Scaliger Isaacus Pontanus Isaac du Verne Isidorus Mendes Sequera Julius Caesar Julius Caesar Scaliger Lactantius Lauren. Ananias Lauren. Bikker Lauren. Guascus Gerascius Lauren. Keymis Levinus Lemmius Lieven Aizma Lopez Vaz Lucan Lucretius Lodowick Leo Lysander Manethon Persa Marcus Zeno Martin del Barco Martin Perez Matthaeus van den Broeke Matthiolus Melchior Soiterus Mich. Lithower Michovius Miles Philips Moses Nicolaus Zeno Olympiodorus Paulus Venetus Pedro de Ancieta Pedro Pizarro Pedro Fernandez de Quir Pedro Maria Peter Martyr Pedro Ordonnes de Cevallos Peter van Gendt Philo Judaeus Philippus Cluverius Philippus Mornaeus Phylarchus Piere Moreau Pinedas Plato Pliny Plutarch Pomponius Mela Proclus Procopius Quarterius Rabbi Simeon Robertus Comtaeus Sam. Purchas Sebastiaen Schroten Simplicius Salust Sigismond Baro Strabo Theodosio Theopompus Thevet Tertullian Trigaut Vegetius Virgil THE CONTENTS of the several CHAPTERS and SECTIONS The first Book AMerica unknown to the Ancients Fol. 1 Of the Original of the Americans whence they came when how and from what People Planted Fol. 11 First Discoverers of America with Christopher Colonus his Expedition Fol. 43 Pedro Alphonso Nigno his Voyage Fol. 56 The Voyage of Vincent Agnes Pinzon Fol. 58 The Expedition of Americus Vesputius Fol. 60 The Expedition of Alphonso Fogeda Diego Nicuesa Ancisus and Roderick Col. menares Fol. 65 Peter Arias his Expedition and the remarkable Passages of Vascus Nunnez Fol. 69 The Expedition of Francisco Fernandez Lupo Caizedo Christophero Morantes Bernardo Igniguez and Juan Grisalva Fol. 76 The Expedition of Ferdinand Magaglian commonly call'd Magellan Fol. 79 Ferdinando Cortez his Voyage Fol. 81 Diego Gottierez his Expedition Fol. 92 The Expedition of Pedro Alvarado Francisco and Gonzalvo Pizarro and Diego de Almagro Fol. 95 The Expeditions of John Stade and Nicholas Durando Villegagnon Fol. 103 The Expedition of John Ribald Renatus Laudonier and Gurgie Fol. 105 Four English Expeditions under the Command of our famous Sea-Captains Martin Forbisher Sir Francis Drake Thomas Candish and John Smith Fol. 108 A Netherland Expedition by Jaques Mahu and Simon de Cordes Fol. 110 The Expedition of Oliver van Noord Fol. 113 The Expedition of George van Spilbergen Fol. 115 The Expedition of Corneliszoon Schouten and Jacob Le Maire Fol. 117 The Voyage of the Nassavian Fleet under the Command of Jaques le Heremite and Hugo Schapenham Fol. 120 Henry Brewer his Voyage Fol. 122 The Second Book OF the Bounds of America and of the Division of the Mexican or Northern part thereof Fol. 125 Estotiland Fol. 126 Terra Laboratoris Fol. 128 Canada or New France Fol. 129 Accadia or Nova Scotia Fol. 133 Norumbegua Fol. 138 New England Fol. 139 New Netherland now call'd New York Fol. 168 A new Description of Mary-Land Fol. 183 Virginia Fol. 192 The Relation of Captain Smith 's being taken Prisoner by Powhatan and his deliverance by his Daughter Pocahonta Fol. 202 Carolina Fol. 205 Florida Fol. 213 Jucatan Fol. 222 Guatimala Fol. 224 Vera Paz Fol. 227 Honduras Fol. 229 Nicaragua Fol. 232 Costarica Fol. 235 Veragua ibid. Guatimala properly so call'd ibid. The Kingdom of Mexico or New Spain Fol. 238 Mechoacan Fol. 261 Tlascalla Fol. 264 Guaxata Fol. 268 Panuco Fol. 270 Tabasco Fol. 273 New Gallicia Fol. 281 Guadalajara Fol. 284 Xalisco Fol. 285 Chiametla ibid. Couliacan Fol. 286 Cinoloa Fol. 288 Zacatecas Fol. 289 New Biscay Fol. 290 New Mexico Fol. 291 Cibola Tontonteac and Nova Granada Fol. 298 Quivira Fol. 301 Terra Nova or New-found Land with the Island of Assumption Fol. 304 The Bermudas or Summer-Islands Fol. 311 Hispaniola Fol. 314 Porto Rico and Monico Fol. 327 Cuba Fol. 331 Jamaica Fol. 337 The Islands call'd The Lucaies Fol. 344 The Caribbee-Islands Fol. 345 Anegada and Sombrero Fol. 362 Las Virgines Fol. 363 Anguilla ibid. Saba Fol. 364 St. Crux ibid. St. Martin Fol. 365 St. Bartholomew Fol. 367 Barboude Fol. 368 Rotonda ibid. Nevis ibid. Eustathius Fol. 369 Antego Fol. 370 Montserrat ibid. Guadalupe Fol. 371 Deseado Fol. 372 Marigalante ibid. Todos Sanctos Fol. 373 De Aves ibid. Dominico Fol. 375 Martinico Fol. 376 St. Lucia Fol. 377 Barbados ibid. St. Vincent Fol. 380 Bekia Fol. 381 Granada ibid. Tabago Fol. 382 St. Christophers Fol. 383 California Fol. 389 The Third Book CAstella Aurea otherwise call'd Terra Firma Fol. 394 Panama Fol. 395 Darien Fol. 399 New Andaluzia Fol. 400 St. Martha Fol. 403 Rio de la Hacha Fol. 405 New Granada Fol. 406 Granada Fol. 408 Popayana Fol. 409 Peru Fol. 412 Quito Fol. 441 Los Quixos Fol. 446 Lima

of Provisions and Lodgings those that were Landed expected nothing but Death till they found out a small Hut and in the same six brave Sheep and a good quantity of Potatoe Roots which serv'd for Bread But when this their new-found Store was almost spent they happily were fetch'd off by the Boat belonging to the Ship Amsterdam and with the whole Fleet came to an Anchor before Baldivia Baldivia a brave City This City built by the Castilians consisted formerly of five hundred and fifty fair Houses and was divided into Streets and cross Ways with two large Markets and as many costly Churches The Chileses unsufferably oppress'd slew all the Spanish Garrison and into the Governor's Mouth and Ears pour'd melted Gold of his Skull they made a Drinking-cup and of his Shin-bones Trumpets after this the City fell almost to decay onely a great part of the Wall remain'd yet standing The Chileans hereupon flock'd hither by thousands some on Horses others on Foot all Arm'd with Lances of a Foot long Herkman hereupon informing them by an Interpreter that they being mortal Enemies of the Spaniards would joyn with the Chileans against that common Foe and desir'd that they might build a Fort on the Market-place in Baldivia for a defence against all Invasions and that they might be supply'd with Provisions which the Fleet wanted all which the Chileans granted and accordingly brought in store of Sheep Hogs and Cattel But so soon as Herkman began to make the least mention of Gold they were all abash'd and said that they knew of no Gold Mines nay their Hair stood an end when they heard the name of Gold so horribly the Spaniards had dealt with their Parents Why the Chiloses grew strange to the Hollanders After this the Chileans growing more and more strange did not in the least countenance the building of the Fort and the longer the Fleet staid the less Provisions they brought aboard upon which the Ships were necessitated without any remarkable Exploits to set Sail and return to Reciffo The Second Book CONTAINING A DESCRIPTION OF Northern America CHAP. I. Of the Bounds of America and of the Division of the Mexican or Northern part thereof The Bounds and Division of Northern America HAving in the first Part of this Volume discours'd at large concerning the Original of the Americans and whether that part of the World call'd India Occidentalis or America were known to the Ancients or own its Discovery wholly to the Moderns as also of all the Discoveries that have been made of the several parts thereof and by whom we shall now pass on to the Topographical part describing every particular Province or Region by giving an Account of their Situation Temperature Productions Nature of the Soil and Quality of the Inhabitants America lying Westward of the Azores and the Worlds Meridian is by some suppos'd to consist of one vast Island and several lesser ones scatter'd about it Nor can this Supposition be thought improbable if as many think it be environ'd with Sea on the North side as towards the East South and West it is known to be East by the Atlantick Ocean South by the Magellanick Straight and West by Mare del Zur But because the North-West Passage though attempted by many as Nelson Davis Forbisher Button Smith Hudson and others hath not yet been fully discover'd by any so that it is not certainly known whether America be joyn'd to Groenland and the Arctick Region by a continu'd Tract of Land or sever'd by the Ocean we shall follow the method of those Geographers who reputed sufficiently authentick have divided this New World into Islands and two grand Peninsula's joyn'd together by an Isthmus or Neck of Land call'd The Straight of Darien by some The Straight of Panama lying almost under the Equinoctial Line and extending in length from Nombre de Dios Southward above a hundred English Miles and from East to West seventeen Miles over in the narrowest place Of these two grand Peninsula's the Northern is generally call'd America Mexicana from Mexico the chief City of the Province properly call'd Mexicana which without doubt was heretofore the most potent rich and flourishing of all the Kingdoms of the Indians at least on the North side of the Isthmus In the Division of the several Provinces of America as well those of the Northern as of the Southern Continent we find so various an Account among the several Geographers that have written of them not any two of them agreeing in one and the same order that to reconcile the differing methods of so many disagreeing Authors would be an endless Work wherefore we shall pitch upon the surest course and not omitting the mention of any of the Provinces taken notice of by the said Authors hereby endeavor to take in whatsoever material hath been observ'd by all of them and by the way take occasion to shew how one differs from another in the distribution of them Those therefore of the Northern America that as near as can be we may bring many into one seem most fitly describ'd in this following order 1. Estotiland 2. Terra Laboratoris or Nova Britannia 3. Canada or Nova Francia 4. Nova Scotia 5. Norumbegua 6. New England 7. New Netherland now call'd New York as being in the possession of the English 8. Mary-Land 9. Apalchen now call'd Virginia 10. Carolina 11. Florida 12. Jucatan 13. Guatimala containing Chiapa Vera Paz Honduras Nicaragua Costarica Veragua Guatimala properly so call'd 14. The Kingdom of Mexico or New Spain containing the Arch-bishoprick of Mexico Mechoacan Tlascalla Guaxata Panuco Tabasco 15. New Gallicia containing Guadalajara Xalisco Chiametla Couliacan Cinoloa Zacatecas 16. New Biscay 17. New Mexico 18. Cibola wherein are mention'd Tontonteac and Nova Granada 19. Quivira to which by most Authors is added California which being an Island we thought fit to reserve to be spoken of among the Islands as also Terra Nova or New-found Land which last lies utmost East as the other West of Northern America Some there are also and particularly Monsieur De Martini who among the above-mention'd Provinces have inserted Groenland though doubtless with little reason since should it be granted that it is not divided by any Sea yet it is evident if any credit may be given to all modern Maps and Globes that the greatest part of Groenland lies in the Hemisphere of the known World and therefore we have judg'd it most convenient to refer the particular mention thereof to the Description of the Arctick Region The Islands of Northern America are 1. Terra Nova or New-found Land 2. The Island of Assumption 3. The Bermudas or Summer-Islands 4. Hispaniola 5. St. John Porto Rico. 6. Cuba 7. Jamaica 8. The Lucayes 9. The Caribbees being twenty eight in number 10. The Isles of Sotavento 11. Trinidado and 12. California the biggest of all the American Islands The Extent and Circumference of the West-Indies The length of the West-Indies is

live without the help of any other Countrey for their Clothing for Tradesmen there are none but live happily there as Carpenters Blacksmiths Masons Taylors Weavers Shoemakers Tanners Brickmakers and so any other Trade Them that have no Trade betake themselves to Husbandry get Land of their own and live exceeding well We shall conclude our Discourse of this Countrey with a notable Character given thereof by a late Writer as to the great advantage of happy living in all respects for whosoever shall be pleas'd to betake himself thither to live The Character of a happy Countrey IF there be any terrestrial happiness saith he to be had by any People especially of an inferior rank it must certainly be here Here any one may furnish himself with Land and live Rent-free yea with such a quantity of Land that he may weary himself with walking over his Fields of Corn and all sorts of Grain and let his Stock amount to some hundreds he needs not fear there want of Pasture in the Summer or Fodder in the Winter the Woods affording sufficient supply where you have Grass as high as a Man's Knees nay as high as his Waste interlac'd with Pea-Vines and other Weeds that Cattel much delight in as much as a Man can pass through And these Woods also every Mile or half-Mile are furnish'd with fresh Ponds Brooks or Rivers where all sorts of Cattel during the heat of the day do quench their thirst and cool themselves These Brooks and Rivers being inviron'd of each side with several sorts of Trees and Grape-Vines Arbor-like interchanging places and croding these Rivers do shade and shelter them from the scorching beams of the Sun Such as by their utmost Labors can scarcely get a Living may here procure Inheritances of Lands and Possessions stock themselves with all sorts of Cattel enjoy the benefit of them whilst they live and leave them to their Children when they die Here you need not trouble the Shambles for Meat nor Bakers and Brewers for Beer and Bread nor run to a Linnen-Draper for a supply every one making their own Linnen and a great part of their woollen Cloth for their ordinary wearing And how prodigal if I may so say hath Nature been to furnish this Countrey with all sorts of wild Beasts and Fowl which every one hath an interest in and may Hunt at his pleasure where besides the pleasure in Hunting he may furnish his House with excellent fat Venison Turkies Geese Heath-hens Cranes Swans Ducks Pigeons and the like and wearied with that he may go a Fishing where the Rivers are so furnish'd that he may supply himself with Fish before he can leave off the Recreation Here one may travel by Land upon the same Continent hundreds of Miles and pass through Towns and Villages and never hear the least complaint for want nor hear any ask him for a Farthing Here one may lodge in the Fields and Woods travel from one end of the Countrey to another with as much security as if he were lock'd within his own Chamber And if one chance to meet with an Indian Town they shall give him the best Entertainment they have and upon his desire direct him on his Way But that which adds happiness to all the rest is the healthfulness of the Place where many People in twenty years time never know what Sickness is where they look upon it as a great Mortality if two or three die out of a Town in a years time Besides the sweetness of the Air the Countrey it self sends forth such a fragrant smell that it may be perceiv'd at Sea before they can make the Land No evil Fog or Vapor doth any sooner appear but a North-West or Westerly Wind immediately dissolves it and drives it away Moreover you shall scarce see a House but the South-side is begirt with Hives of Bees which increase after an incredible manner So that if there be any terrestrial Canaan 't is surely here where the Land floweth with Milk and Honey Noua TERRA-MARIAE tabula This Northerne part of Virginia the limitts whereof extend farther Southwards is heere inserted for the better description of the entrance into the Bay of Chesapeack A NEW DESCRIPTION OF MARY-LAND SECT III. BEfore We proceed to the Description of this Countrey it will be first requisite to relate the true occasion and means whereby this part of America came to be erected into a Province and call'd Mary-land In the Year of our Lord 1631. George Lord Baltimore obtain'd of King Charles the First of Great Brittain c. a Grant of that part of America first discover'd by the English which lies between the Degrees of thirty seven and fifty Minutes or thereabouts and forty of Northerly Latitude which is bounded on the South by Virginia on the North by New England and New Jersey The situation part of New York lying on the East side of Delaware Bay on the East by the Ocean and on the West by that part of the Continent which lies in the Longitude of the first Fountains of the River call'd Patomeck In pursuance of this Grant to his said Lordship a Bill was prepar'd and brought to His Majesty to Sign who first ask'd his Lordship what he should call it there being a Blank in the Bill designedly left for the Name which his Lordship intended should have been Crescentia but his Lordship leaving it to His Majesty to give it a Name the King propos'd to have it call'd Terra-Mariae in English Mary-land in honor of his Queen whose Name was Mary which was concluded on and inserted into the Bill which the King then Sign'd and thereby the said Tract of Land was erected into a Province by that Name His Lordship somewhat delaying the speedy passing of it under the Great Seal of England dy'd in the interim before the said Patent was perfected whereupon a Patent of the said Province was shortly afterwards pass'd to his Son and Heir who was Christen'd by the Name of Coecil but afterwards confirm'd by the Name of Coecilius the now Lord Baltemore under the Great Seal of England bearing Date June 20. 1632. in the eighth Year of His said Majesties Reign with all Royal Jurisdictions and Prerogatives both Military and Civil in the said Province as Power to Enact Laws Power of pardoning all manner of Offences Power to confer Honors c. to be held of His said Majesty His Heirs and Successors Kings of England in common Soccage as of His Majesties Honor of Windsor in the County of Berks in England yielding and paying yearly for the same to His Majesty and to His Heirs and Successors for ever two Indian Arrows of those parts at the Castle of Windsor aforesaid on Tuesday in Easter Week and the fifth part of all Gold and Silver Oar which shall happen to be found in the said Province The Bounds By the said Patent is Granted to his Lorship his Heirs and Assigns all that part of a Peninsula lying