length totally subdued by Edmund Monarch of the Saxons aided by Lewelin king of Dimetia or Southwales and giuen by Edmund vnto Malcolme king of the Scots to be held vnder the sief of the kings of England with condition to defend the Northerne frontire of the English against the Danes and forraine invaders After this time Cumberland and Westmoreland or the countrey hereof for aboue the space of one hundred yeares were possessed by the Scottish Nation whose Praefects as the Scottish writers tearme them or immediate Princes were the eldest sons or next Heires of Scotland By king William surnamed the Conquerour they were taken from the Scots and with the rest of England subjected to the Normans King Stephen ingaged in a dangerous war against Maâ—de the Empresse restored Cumberland to the Scots to be held with the old conditions recouered againe not long after by king Henry the second his successour disliking this liberalitie of Stephen and so great a diminution of his kingdome and incorporated with the Crown of England in which vnion the country hath euer since continued the name language and accompt of the Britons thorough their English and Scottish subjection being long since here worne out and extinguished THE VVELSH BRITONS THese in their natiue language call themselues Câ—mro Cymero and Cymbri as their Latihe Authours Cambri and their countrey Cambria which they would haue to be deriued from Camber one of the sonnes of Brutus their progenitour vnto whose share this part of the Iland should fall in the devision hereof with his brethren a fable begunne by Geffrey or Monmouth and yet maintained by all their Historians Commentatours men otherwise learned and skilfull in antiquities but over zealous to preferre the glory of this their Troian descent The name as before we haue shewed was common to the Britons of Cumberland and to the rest of the nation the words Britons Britaine not being British originally but imposed by the Greekes and forreiners The Etymologie hereof we cannot conjecture vnlesse from Gomar the sonne of Iapheth first peopling these VVesterne parts of Europe and from whom after Iosephus and Zonaras the Gaules were aunciently called Gomarenses and Gomares of which nation the first Britons were a colonie Their name of Welsh or Walsh was Dutch and of a later imposition signifying strangers with the Saxons in which accompt the English still held the Britons They were a more great strong remainder of the vanquished Britons vnder their King Careticus before mentioned driuen ouer the Severne by the victorious Saxons and sheltering themselues amongst the Silures Ordovices and the Mountaines of the VVest The name notwithstanding of the Welsh we finde not vntill afterwards and the yeare 708 at what time we first read in Henry of Huntington of one Gerent King of the Welshmen ouercome in so attaile by Ina the VVest-Saxon some 19 yeares after the decease of Cadwallader and end of the British kingdome The more auncient bounds hereof were vpon the South the sea of Severne by which they were diuided from the Cornish Britons vpon the West the Irish Ocean and vpon the North East the rivers Dee Severne from the Mercian Saxons By the raigne of Offa King of the Mercians succeeding in the yeare 758 all the plaine Country beyond the Severne where now is Herefordshire with parts of Glocestershire Shropshire and Worcestershire being subdued and taken in by the Saxons of Mercia they were wholy shut vp within their Mountaines for their better distinction enclosed by Offa and severed from his English with a wide and deep ditch continued from Basingwerk vpon the Dee betwixt Chester Ruthland in Flintshire along the hills vnto the mouth of the river Wye neere Bristoll whose tract in many places is yet seene and named Claudh Offa in their language or Offa's ditch afterwards the common bound of both nations Others notwithstanding as a more known limit make the river Wye to be the bounds of both Their government after Cadwallader was vnder diverse Lords whom their Histories call Kings Amogst these their Chronicle maketh mention of Edwall Roderique and Conan Tindaethwy descended from Cadwallader and following in a direct line the progenitours of the succeeding Princes Afterwards Roderique surnamed the Great grandchild by his mother vnto Conan Tindaethwy attained to a Monarchy of the whole Wales which about the yeare 870 he deuided into three parts or provinces which limited and distinguished with their meeres he left vnto his three sons with the authority name of Kings Guinedh or Northwales bounded with the Dee the Ocean the riuer Dovi the part of Anarawd his eldest sonne Deheubarth or South-wales lying beyond the riuer Dovi Powys extended vpon the East toward England the portions of Codelh and Mervin his two yonger sonnes These likewise subdeviding their estates amongst their numerous issue as did continually their successours after them for such was then the bad custome of the Welsh the countrey againe became shared amongst many petty Lords each sonne hauing a part of his fathers inheritance whereof some notwithstanding the eldest sonne most commonly or who otherwise overtopped the rest in power or favour with the people still bore the titles of their generall divisions knowne in their histories by the names of Kings of North and South-Wales and Lords of Powys continuing those stiles vntill towards their subiection to the English Amongst these likewise one was still accompted soveraigne or chiefe Lord to whom the rest were to pay tribute and to doe seruice which honour by the order of Roderique the great and of Howell Dha their lawgiuer was due vnto the succession of Anarawd before mentioned the Kings of Northwales the first borne or chiefe of the house of Cadwallader These their soueraigne lords are named kings in the Welsh historie vnto Owen surnamed Guyneth succeeding about the yeare 1137 who first is called Prince which title is continued vntill the time of Edward the first King of England to Lâ—evelyn their last prince taken vp since by the heires of the house of England By Egbert the great Saxon Monarch the nation is first made subject to the tribute and homage of the English ruled neuerthelesse after their owne lawes and free from forreine yoake vntill the Kings of England of the Norman race By Bernard de Neumarck a Norman gentleman assisted by the Aubryes and other of the French English nobility in the raigne of William Rufus king of England Brechiniauc now Brecknockshire after a long and hard warre is wrested herefrom and annexed to the English Empire By Robert Fitz-hamon in the same raigne Morganwc now Glomorganshire By Arnulph of Mountgomerie and Girald of Winsore his successour in the warre in the raigne of King Henry the first the Country of Dyvet now Pembrokeshire at what time a colonie of the Flemmings whose countrie had beene drowned by the Ocean by the permission hereof were planted in Ros a part of Dyvet continuing here euer since their succession and English language and occasioning the name of little England beyond
eldest daughter to Edward surnamed the Outlaw eldest son to Edmund Ironside King of England by which meanes the right of the house of the Saxons Edgar Atheling the only son of Edward deceasing vnmarried and without issue descended vpon the Kings of Scotland the posterity hereof and Margaret continued herein vnto our times and the vnion of the two kingdomes in Iames our late Soveraigne of happy memory He first as is thought brought into Scotland the titles of Earles Barons with others borrowed from the neighbouring English with whom vnder Edward the Confessour during the vsurpation of Macbeth he had for a long time remained He was slaine at the taking of Anwick Castle in Northumberland after some yeares warre maintained against William the Conquerour and the Normans occasioned through his protection and ayde of the banished English Donaldus the fourth son to Duncanus yonger brother to Milcolumbus the third vsurping the kingdome by the aide of Magnus king of Norwey He was driven out by Duncanus naturall son to Milcolumbus the third Duncanus the second naturall son to Milcolumbus the third slaine by the treason of Macpendirus Earle of Merne corrupted by Donaldus the fourth liuing then exiled amongst the Westerne Ilands He thus murthered Donardus the fourth resumed the kingdome vanquished and taken prisoner not long after by Edgar the right heire son to Milcolumbus the third and Margaret ayded by his vncle Edgar and the English Edgar son to Milcolumbus the third and Margaret daughter to Edward surnamed the Outlaw His sister Maude was marryed vnto Henrie the first king of England yongest son to the Conquerour vniting hereby the royall blood of the Saxons with that of the Normans Hee deceased without issue Alexander the first son to Milcolumbus and Margaret and brother to Edgar He also deceased sans issue David the first brother to Edgar and Alexander and son to Milcolumbus and Margaret succeeding in the yeare 1124. He annexed to the Crowne of Scotland the Earledomes of Northumberland and Huntingdon acruing through his marriage with Maude daughter to Earle Waldeofus He recouered likewise Cumberland and Westmoreland from the English taken from his predecessours by William the Conquerour restored vnto him by the liberality of king Stephen Milcolumbus the fourth son to Henrie prince of Scotland son to king David Vnable to withstand the ambition and greater power hereof he quitted Northumberland Westmoreland and Cumberland vnto Henry the second king of England retaining onely the Earledome of Huntingdon of all his English possessions left for a time vnto his successours He deceased without issue vnmarried VVilliam brother to Malcolme the fourth Taken prisoner at the battaill of Anwijck to procure his libertie peace with the English he did homage and sweare fealty vnto king Henry the second for the Crowne of Scotland Alexander the second son to William Alexander the third son to Alexander the second He deceased in the yeare 1285 without heires of his body or not long surviving The whole issue hereof and of king Alexander the second and William extinguished their contended for the soveraignety Iohn Balliol Lord of Galloway son to Iohn Balliol and Dornagilla daughter to Alan Lord of Galloway and Margaret eldest daughter to David Earle of Huntingdon brother to king William great vncle to Alexander the third and Robert Bruce Lord of Annandale son to Robert Bruce and Isabell second daughter to David Earle of Huntingdon and sister to Margaret both parties challenging a chiefer right and interest before the other Balliol as descended from the elder sister and Bruce as nearer by one degree to Earle David The Scots not able to determine the controversie or without armes Edward the first king of England is chosen vmpire After 6 yeares vacancy the right is adiudged on the behalfe of Balliol by king Edward with condition of his acknowledgment and homage to the English Crowne Iohn Balliol Lord of Galloway king of Scotland by the arbitration of king Edward the first He did homage to king Edward at the towne of Newcastle vpon Tine according to the agreement made betwixt them Discontenting his subjects through this his English subjection to regaine their lost loues or after my Scottish Authours provoked with some disgrace iniuries receiued from Edward he renounced not long after his homage and fealty sworne to the English warred vpon by Edward and after some ouerthrowes vnable to withstand so valiant and great a Monarcke forced to resigne into the hands hereof the whole right and interest he had or might claime to the Crowne of Scotland imprisoned afterwards in the towre of London and set at liberty by the mediation of Pope Boniface the eight and sent ouer to his inheritance and possessions in France where in a private fortune he dyed After this king Edward the first of England made a full conquest of the Scots whō he kept vnder hard subjection during his whole raigne although not without sundry defections and rebellions of this fierce stirring nation moued by William Walleys Robert Bruce and others most commonly to their losse He deceasing through their great victorie at Banocks-bourne neare Striueling obtained against Edward the second and the English and the tumults disorders hapning in England during the raigne of this weake and vnfortunate prince the Scots againe recouer their libertie Robet Bruce formerly crowned in the raigne of Edward the first is confirmed king Robert the first son to Robert Bruce lord of Anandale competitour of the kingdome with Iohn Balliol king of Scotland by right of warre his birth and the voluntary cession of Balliol the restorer of the Scottish name and liberty after a victorious and happy raigne deceasing in the yeare 1329. David the second king of Scotland son to Robert the first In the minority hereof Edward Balliol son to Iohn Balliol invadeth and by the helpe of the English obtayneth the Scottish Crowne to be held by him vnder the homage and protection of Edward the third king of England opposed by the faction of David Balliol and his Enhlish after long miserie and war being thrust out king David recovereth his almost lost kindgome taken prisoner shortly after at the battaill of Nevills crosse neere Durham invading England in favour of his auncient friends the French distressed through the many victories of Edward the third and the English He deceased without issue in the yeare 1370 the second and last king of Scotland of the house and name of Bruce Robert the second the first of the familie name of the Stewarts descended from Walter created Stewart of Scotland by Malcolme the third which name of office grew afterwards a surname to his house and ofspring king of Scotland in right from his mother eldest daughter to Robert the first and sister to Dauid the second Since this time the name and house of Stewarts haue still worne the regall Crowne of the Scottish dominions Iohn the second called Robert after his inauguration the name of Iohn as
an end to these long afflictions and vnsetled state of the Church the Gospell reestblished with mature and graue aduice and confirmed by her many victories and long and prosperous raigne continued since by her glorious successour King Iames maintained by the authority of his royall pen the faiths vndoubted defender the Churches patron and the true Cleargies friend with no lesse zeale and constancie by Charles our gracious soueraigne now raigning heire of his Fathers Crowne and Prinâ—ly vertues The Religion then here publiquely allowed is the Reformed or Protestant whose briefe summe is set downe in the 39 Articles agreed vpon in a Convocation holden at London in the yeare 1562 and confirmed by the Cleargie of both Provinces The supreame head hereof is the prince by a common right and prerogatiue of Kings and by decree of Parliament enacted in the yeare 1534 26 of the raign of King Henry the eight The Cleargie are Arch-bishops Bishops and inferiour ranks all Regulars or Monks excluded The Arch-bishops or Metropolitane seas follow Canterbury whose Diocesse with that of Rochester is Kent and whose Province in a manner is the whole South-part of England on this side Trent and Humber begunne about the yeare 596 by Ethelbert the first Christian King of the Kentish Saxons in the person of Saint Austine the first Apostle of the English The Bishops hereof are named Primates and Metropolitans of all England by order of Convocation in the yeare 1534. Formerly during the Romish Hierarchy they assumed the title of Legats of the Popes and Primates of all Britaine Yorke whose Diocesse is Nottinghamshire and Yorkeshire and Province the part of England vpon the North of Humber Dee and Trent founded about the yeare 652 by Edwin King of Northumberland in the person of Paulinus Chaplaine to his Queene Ethelburga and the Apostle of these Northerne parts of the English The Bishopricks may thus be ranked vnder their seas Metropolitane vnder Canterbury London whose Diocesse is Essex Middlesex and part of Hartfordshire founded about the yeare 606 by Sebert and Ethelbert Kings of the East and Kentish Saxons in the person of Mellâ—â—us the Apostle of the East-Saxons and continued after a long apostacy by Sigebert the second Christian king hereof in the person of S. Cedde the second Apostle and Bishop brother to Saint Ceadda for thus are the names distinguished the Apostle and Bishop of Lichfield and the Mercians The Bishops hereof are otherwise in Beda named of the East-Saxons The extent of their iurisdiction hath not any thing beene altered since the time of their institution Winchester founded by Kenwald king of the VVest-Saxons in the person of VVina a Frenchman taken out of the large Diocesse of Dorcester by Oxford in the time of Agilbert the second Bishop of that sea founded by King Kingills father to Kenwald in the person of Berinus an Italian the Apostle of the West-Saxons Agilbert forsaking England discontented with this division and the promotion of VVina the voyde Bishopricke of Dorcester became vnited to VVina to the sea hereof By king Ina the South-Saxons are likewise herevnto added vpon his conquest of that Countrey The great Bishoprick of VVinchester contained then by this meanes both kingdomes of the South and West-Saxons By Ina about the yeare 704 the Bishopricke of Sherborne is taken out Not long after in the yeare 711 the Bishopricke of Selsey for the South-Saxons The Diocesse after so many loppings comprehendeth now the countries onely of Surrey and Hantshire with the Iles of VVight Iersay Garnsay and Alderney In the yeare 733 Dorcester was againe made a Bishops see but for the Province of the Mercians takeÌ„ out of the Diocesse of Lichfield Out of Sherborne by Edward surnamed the Elder were devided the Bishoprickes of VVells for Sommersetshire of Ramesbury for Wiltshire and of Kirton and Bodman for Devonshire and Cornwall Of these Ramesbury became vnited againe with Sherborne in bishop Herman and the raigne of Edward the Confessour Bodman during the Danish warres was translated to S. Germans and lastly vnited with Kirton by the authority of king Canutus Of Kirton and VVells hereafter The Bishops of Winchester were otherwise in Beda named of the West-Saxons Lincolne begunne at Dorcester by Oxford in the yeares aforesaid brought hither by Bishop Remigius in the raigne of the Conquerâ—ur according to the order of a Synod at London that the Sees of bishops in obscure and decayed townes should be remoued to the chiefe citties of each Diocesse It conteined then the middle of England betwixt the riuer of Thames and Humber By king Henry the first the bishoppricke of Elie is taken out By Henry the eight those of Oxford and Peterborough It extendeth yet over Lincolneshire Leicestershire Huntingdonshire Bedfordshire and Buckinghamshire with part of Hartfordshire the largest of all the English bishopricks Sarisburie begunne at Sherborne by Ina king of the West-Saxons in the person of Adelmus about the yeare 704 and remoued hither by bishop Hâ—man in the raigne of the Conquerour It conteineth now VViltshire and Barkshire Excester begunne at Kirton in Devonshire in the person of Adulfus by Edward surnamed the Elder Monarch of the English and remoued hither vnder bishop Leofricus in the raigne of Edward the Confessour VVells tooke out of the Diocesse of Sherborne and founded in the person of Athelmus by Edward the Elder Monarch of the English-Saxons By Iohn de Villula vnder king VVilliam Rufus the See was remoued to Bath Vnder bishop Robert in the raigne of king Stephen the two Churches of Bath and VVells after much contention are agreed and the Bishoppes are to assume the title of both places continuing euer since The Diocesse hereof is onely Somersetshire Chichester begun in Selsey by Edilwalch the first Christian king of the South-saxons in the person of S. VVilfride the exiled bishop of Yorke or of Northumberland the Apostle hereof after VVilfride and the conquest of the country by the West-Saxons vnited to Winchester about the yeare 711 in bishop Edbrith devided againe from Winchester and restored to Selsey and lastly from Selsey remoued hither the chiefe towne of the Diocesse by bishop Stigand in the time of William the Conquerour It conteineth onely Sussex Elye tooke of Lincolne and conteyning only Cambridgeshire founded by king Henry the first in the person of Harvaeus sometime Bishop of Bangor in Wales Norwich begun at Dunwich about the yeare 630 by Sigebert king of the East-Angles in the person of Faelix a Burgundian vnder Bisus the fourth bishop diuided into two Bishopricks of Dunwich and North-Elmham in the yeare 955 after a long vacancy during the Danish tyranny and vsurpation in the person of Athulfus restored and vnited in one bishoppricke of North-Elmham by Edwy king of the English-Saxons by bishop Herfast remoued from North-Elmham
Wales By the Earles of Chester Warren and Mortimer with others about the same times the parts of Flint Denbigh together with Caeretica and the land of Gwent now Cardigan Monmouthshire are likewise taken in and subdued The valour or fortune of King Edward the first put an end to this languishing estate of the Welsh after some yeares warre vanquishing and killing Lhewelyn ap Gruffith their last prince and annexing the whole Wales to the English subiecting the people to his English lawes King Henry the eight of later yeares descended from the Welsh by the fathers side incorporated the country with the kingdome of England investing the Welsh with all the rights and priviledges of his English subjects in which ranke and vnion they now remaine The princes hereof from more certaine cleare times follow with that truth which their Histories will afford Roderique surnamed the Great Monarch of the Welsh sonne to Meruyn Vrych a nobleman of Wales Esylht daughter to Conan Tindaethwy son to Roderique Molwynoc son to Edwal son to Cadwallader the last king of the Britons Parting Wales into the divisions before mentioned he allotted Guynedh or Northwales vnto Anarawde his eldest son and vnto Cadelh Mervyn Deheubarth or Southwales Powys with condition that the two younger brethren their successours should be leigemen acknowledge the soveraignety of Anarawd the kings of Northwales confirmed afterwards by the lawes of Howel Dha He deceased in the yeare 876 slaine by the English Anarawd prince of Guynedh or Northwales soveraigne or chiefe King of the VVelsh eldest son to Roderique the Great The order of the kings of Southwales Lords of Powys for thus were they called and of the many inferiour Lords or Princes in each devision for as before euery son after the custome of the present Germans had a share of his fathers possessions I haue omitted in regard of their number Edwal Voel prince of Guynedh chiefe King of VVales sonne to Anarawd succeeding about the yeare 913. In the raigne hereof Athelstan King of England forced a tribute vpon the Welsh of 20 pounds of gold and 300 of silver with 200 head of cattaile remitted afterwards by King Edgar for a tribute of wolues Howel Dha Prince of Deheubarth or Southwales Powys soveraigne King of VVales succeeding in the yeare 940 descended from Cadelh brother to Anarawd the sonnes of Edwal Voel the right heires excluded Hee made lawes for the VVelsh obserued by the nation vntill their subjection to the English Iames and Ievaf sonnes to King Edwal Voel joynt princes of Guynedh and chiefe Kings of VVales succeeding after the decease of Howel Dha Owen with other the sonnes of Howel Lords of Southwales and Powys contending with them for the soueraignety being overthrowne by them in battaile and their elder brother Meyric omitted as vnfit for government Vnto these princes Edgar the King of England forgaue the tribute of money imposed by Athelstan exchanged for a certaine number of wolues constantly brought in by the VVelsh after my Authour vntill they were all destroyed The relation I leaue to the censure of the reader These afterwards falling out Ievaf is taken prisoner and Iames remaineth sole king overcome not long after and chased out by Howel sonne to Ievaf Howel Prince of Guynedh chiefe King of Wales sonne to Ievaf succeeding about the yeare 973 his father freed by him and set at liberty but not restored to the soveraignty He was slaine fighting against the English without any male issue Cadwalhon Prince of Guynedh soveraigne King of Wales son to Ievaf and brother to Howel succeeding about the yeare 984. He was slaine in battaile with Meiryc his brother by Meredith son to Owen king of Southwales Meredith Prince of Guynedh and chiefe king of Wales having slaine Cadwalhon Meyric son to Owen king of Deheubarth or South-wales After the decease of his father he likewise got seized of Southwales He afterwards lost Guynedh or Northwales vnto Edwal son to Meyric the eldest son of Edwal Voel the right heire in his absence set vp by the inhabitants Edwal prince of Guynedh chiefe King of Wales son to Meyric eldest son to Edwal Voel succeeding in the yeare 992. He was slaine in fight by the Danes leaving behind him a young son named Iames. In the yeare 998 died also Meredith aforesaid King of Southwales leaving one onely daughter named Angharat marryed to Llewelin ap Sitsylht By meanes hereof for want of heires or fit to goyerne Conan ap Howel Aedan ap Blegored contended for the gouernment when comming to battail Conan is slaine and Aedan vsurpeth the kingdome Aedan ap Blegored prince of Guynedh and soveraigne king of Wales succeeding in the yeare 1003. He was slaine with his foure sons in the yeare 1015 by Llewelin ap Sitsylht husband to Angharad Llewelin ap Sitsylht descended from king Anarawd and Angharad his wife daughter to Meredith king of Southwales after the decease of Aedan the vsurper soveraigne kings of Wales Hee was slaine in the yeare 1021 by Howel Meredith sons to Edwin son to Eneon brother to king Meredith leauing a son named Gruffith ap Llewelin After the death of Llewelin ap Sitsylht Iames son to King Edwal tooke vpon him the gouernment of Northwales as right heire Iames the second prince of Guynedh chiefe king of Wales son to king Edwal He was ouerthrowne slaine in the yeare 1037 by Gruffith son to Llewelin Angharad Gruffith prince of Guynedh chiefe king of Wales son to Llewelin ap Sitsylht Angharad He also subdued Southwales slaine by treason Blethyn Rywalhon sons to Angharad aforesaid Conwyn ap Gueristan her second husband princes of Guynedh and chiefe kings of Wales after the decease of king Gruffith Rywalhon being slaine in the yeare 1068 in a battaile fought betwixt these Meredith and Idel sonnes to king Gruffith Blethyn by this meanes remaineth sole King of Northwales He was slaine in the yeare 1073 by the treason of Rees ap Owen ap Edwyn Trahern ap Caradoc prince of Guynedh or Northwales and chiefe king of Wales cosen german to king Blethyn Hee was slaine in battaile by Gruffith son to Conan son to king Iames the second Gruffith ap Conan prince of Northwales chiefe king of Wales In the yeare 1079 after my Authour and the raignes of Gruffith ap Conan Rhees ap Theodor king of Southwales William the Conquerour king of England tooke the homages of the Welsh princes Not long after vnder William Rufus by the good leaue hereof Morganwc Brechiniauc and the Countrie where now is Cardiganshire parts of Deheubarth or Southwales with some part of Northwales neighbouring vnto Chester are subdued by Robert Fitzhamon Bernard de Neumarck other valiant Norman adventurers and added to the English government In regard hereof Matthew Paris maketh William Rufus the
Conquerour of Wales Gruffith ap Conan in a full age deceased about the yeare 1137 the last whom the Welsh history nameth king of Wales THE PRINCIPALITIE OF VVALES Owen Guyneth prince of Guynedh and Wales eldest son to king Gruffith ap Conan succeeding about the yeare 1137. At this time Rhees ap Gruffith descended from Howel Dha was chiefe Lord of Southwales named King by the English by the Welsh the Lord Rhees David prince of Guynedh and Wales younger son to Owen surnamed Guyneth succeeding in the yeare 1169 his elder brother Iorwerth in regard of some deformity excluded Hee was deposed in the yeare 1194 by Llewelin the son of Iorwerth Llewelin prince of Guynedh and Wales son to Iorwerth eldest son to Owen Guyneth He tooke the oathes and acknowledgements of the many inferiour Welsh princes which duety for some yeares had beene omitted through their civill dissentions and other defects David prince of Guynedh Wales succeeding in the yeare 1240 son to Lhewelin ap Iorwerth He did homage at Glocester for the principality of Wales to Henry the third King of England He deceased without issue Lhewelin prince of Guynedh Wales son to Gruffith son to prince Lhewelyn ap Iorwerth the last prince of VVales of the British of-spring and race of Cadwallader By this time through the daily encroachings of the English in a manner the part onely of Guynedh or Northwales contayning now Merionith and Caernarvonshire with Anglesey were left vnto the Welsh princes better defended by their inaccessable mountaines bogs Refusing or rather deferring the accustomed homage due from the Welsh he was pursued with hot war by king Edward the first and forced to a composition amongst other hard conditions concluding after his decease a surrendry to the English of the principality of Wales and the parts he now enjoyed Not long after as it seemeth repenting himselfe of his act and the more incensed through the instigation of his brother David excluded from all hope of succession by this agreement pretending the English tyranny iniustice he againe fatally tooke armes the successe whereof was his owne death hapning shortly after slaine in the prosecution of the warre nere the towne of Buelth as the Welshmen say betraied the execution of David his brother by the hand of iustice the finall abolition of the Welsh government and the conquest of the whole country by the English The Welsh line extinguished the king of England invested with this title and honour their eldest sons or who were next to succeede them in the English Monarchy Their order and names we haue inserted vnto our times Edward of Caernarvon son to Edward the first prince of Wales and afterwards king of England by the name of Edward the second Edward of VVinsore sonne of Edward the second king of England by the name of Edward the third Edward surnamed the blacke prince eldest son to Edward the third Richard of Bourdeaux son to Edward the blacke prince king of England by the name of Richard the second Henry of Monmouth son to Henry the fourth king of England by the name of Henry the fift His sonne Henry the sixt is not accompted amongst the princes of Wales his father deceasing onely some few moneths after his birth Edward son to Henry the sixt slaine by the faction of Yorke after the battaill at Tewkesbury Edward sonne to Edward the fourth king of England by the name of Edward the fift Edward son to Richard the third Arthur eldest son to Henry the seventh Henry younger sonne to Henry the seventh king of England by the name of Henry the eight Edward son to Henry the eight king of England by the name of Edward the sixt Henry eldest son to Iames king of great Britaine of happy memorie Charles son to King Iames and brother to prince Henry now King of great Britaine whom God long preserue THE PICT'S THe name hereof signifyeth painted in the Latine tongue which was first giuen vnto them by the Romans in regard of their paintings That the Picts were accustomed to paint themselues the authorities of Claudian and Isidore make manifest Pompoinus Laetus Buchanan and others would haue them to haue beene a Colonie of the opposite and neighbouring Germans But which nation wee reade not in Tacitus or in any classique authour ever to haue beene painted Beda of much better authority fetcheth their pedegree further of from the Scythians who should arriue in the Northerne parts of the Iland in the yeare 78 after Christ yet which he doth not constantly affirme but delivereth onely as receiued by tradition The errour hereof and of the like forreine derivations the generall consent of auncient Geographers and Historians doth plainely evince placing here the Caledonii and other names of the Britons but not mentioning the Picts vntill two hundred yeares afterwards The most probable assertion is that they were no other then the natiue Britons inhabiting the wilde parts of Caledonia who after Herodian vsing to paint their bodies with sundry shapes of birds and beasts and going naked to haue their braverie seene became at length thus named by the Romans from such their straunge habit and for their better distinction from the civill Britons of the Province wearing cloathes and attired after the Roman manner Some reasons inducing herevnto might be their like fashions and manner of liuing with the more auncient Britons and the many British words yet left in the townes and parts of Scotland which they sometimes inhabited arguing as the same language so the same nation of both We adde the great silence of the Romans who neighbouring close vnto them and possessing the Southerne part of the Iland long before their supposed arrivall by Beda yet make no mention of their descent hither from forreine parts We adde likewise the testimony of Eumenius in his Panegyrique vnto the Emperour Constantine the Great who maketh the Caledonij to be a part of the Picts intimating hereby as the Picts to be Britons for such were the Caledonij so this not so much then to haue beene the name of a people as some agnomination or by-name given to all the wild barbarous Britons in regard of their disfiguring or painting They are first mentioned by Eumenius in his Panegyrique aforsaid liuing in the time of Constantine the great The part of Britaine they then possessed was the whole Northerne part hereof not yet conquered or brought into a Province by the Romans for by this name all the barbarous Britons begun now to bee called neither were the Irish Scots at this time arriued had setled here their habitation The Westerne part of Caledonia being overwhelmed by a deluge of the Scots which hapned about the raigne of the Emperour Honorius they withdrew wholy into the Easterne part hereof bordering vpon the German Ocean bounding vpon the South with the Bodotria now Edenborough Frith for thus farre Northwards extended the Roman or civill Britons as did afterward the Saxons
ominous cast off by a decree of the states vnluckie to the Scottish French and English Monarchs son to Robert the second Iames the first son to Iohn or Robert the third murthered in his bed at Perth by Walter Earle of Athol Iames the second sonne to Iames the first slaine at the siege of the Castle of Rosburg against the English Iames the third son to Iames the second slaine in battaill against his seditious and rebellious subjects neere the towne of Sterling Iames the fourth son to Iames the third He married the Lady Margaret eldest daughter to Henry the seaventh king of England He was slaine at the field of Floddon by Thomas Howard Earle of Surrey and the English Iames the fift son to Iames the fourth and Margaret daughter to king Henry the seaventh He deceased without male issue Mary daughter to Iames the fift Iames of happy memory son to Henry Stewart Lord Darly and Mary Queene of Scotland The famous and victorious Queene Elizabeth in the yeare 1602 deceasing vnmarryed the last descended from the male issue of Henry the seaventh and Elizabeth he succeeded in the English dominions descended from Lady Margaret aforesaid the right and vndoubted heire of the three princely houses of the Saxon Scottish and Norman Kings and the first sole Monarke of Great Britaine Ireland and the neighbouring Ilands Charles king of great Britaine France and Ireland son to Iames of happy memory whom God long preserue THE ENGLISH THey were a German people mentioned by Tacitus and Ptolemy contayning part of the great and populous nation of the Suevi Ptolemy placeth them in this time about the middle of that vast continent and the riuer Albis with which riuer they were bounded vpon the North having towards the West the people of the Longobards They inhabited then most probably according to his discription the parts where now lie the Bishopricke of Hall and the Higher Saxony about Wittenberg Their interpretations seeme absurd who in regard of the affinity of the names would haue them seated about Engerne in Westphalen or Angloen in Pomerania places farre distant from the river Elb or the heart of Germany Afterwards towards the waine of the Romane Empire they flitted to the German Ocean more Westwards Beda before their invasion of this Iland placed them there betwixt the Iutes lying vpon the North of them and the Saxons vpon the South Ethelwerd an auncient Authour liuing not long after Beda more distinctly maketh Sleswiick then to be their chiefe citie situated in the Cimbrian Chersonese betwixt the two nations now mentioned The name of Angelen in the present Dukedome of Schleswiick together with these authorities manifestly proue that to haue beene their country in Dutchland immediatly before their English arriuall THE IVTES THe Iutes doubtles were the Gutae of Ptolemy inhabiting the Southerne part of Scandia which he mistaketh to be an Iland and attributeth vnto Germany In the declining age of the Westerne Empire the exact time we finde not sayling ouer the Bay Codanus or the Straights of the Sundt they flitted into the neighbouring Cimbrian Chersonese subdued or made viode which is the more likely vpon the departure of the Cimbri and other Dutch people drawing more Southwards towards the Romane frontier vniting into the common names of Saxons French or Almans Beda placeth them in this Chersonese vpon the North of the English or of Sleswiick their chiefe towne Their memorie is here yet preserued in the name of Iutlandt the part of the Chersonese or of Denmarke lying vpon the North of the Dukedome of Schleswiick THE SAXONS OF this nation we haue spoken more fully in the relation of Germany They were likewise a Dutch people mentioned by Ptolemy inhabiting then the necke of the Cimbrian Chersonese now Holstein Afterwards passing the riuer Elbe and sundry other German names joyning into this common they spread Southwards as farre as the French These conquering and remouing into Gaule they enlarged vnto the right shore of the riuer Rhijn By the raigne of the Emperour Charles the great they extended along the German Ocean from the river Eydore deviding them from the Danes vnto the Rhijn from the fall of that river vpwards as high as Colen parting them from the French These three German nations since their affaire with the Britons are onely by Beda thus particularly named and distinguished By Ammianus Marcellinus Gildas and other Authours before his time the Dutch infesting Britaine are all called by one generall name of the Saxons After Beda and the more ancient English historians they are sometimes named the English by others the Saxons and English-Saxons That they were the different parts of one generall Dutch name or people it is by all agreed In the yeare 449 according to Beda if his accompt be right Valentinian the third and Theodosius the second then governing the Roman Empire after long pyracies vpon the sea-coasts hereof they first to any any purpose enter and inhabit Britaine called in by Vortigerne and the Britons to their aide against the Scots and Picts and vnder Hengist and Horsa their Captaines planted in the Iland of Thanet in Kent given vnto them by Vortigerne The Scots Picts being vanquished and overthrowne through their valour neere Stamford after Henry of Huntingdon and the weakenesse of the Ilanders discouered new supplies from Germany are sent for by Hengist with his faire daughter Rowena marryed shortly after to the lustfull prince Vortigerne bewitched with her beauty by whom for his consent and more firme friendship with the Saxons Kent is allotted to Hengist about the yeare 455 by him erected into a kingdome the first dominion of the Saxons in Britaine This forreine friendship and alliance with the daily intrusion of the Dutch growing suspected by the Britons Vortigerne deposed and Vortimer his son by a former wife elected king hot warres ensue betwixt the two nations continued with deadly hate furie for many hundred yeares betwixt them whose effect was the finall expulsion of the Britons beyond the Severne amongst the Welsh Mountaines which happened by the raigne of their King Caereticus about the yeare 586 and the conquest of the plaine and Easterne countrey by the Saxons with fresh companies continually invading the Iland vpon occasion of those warres or allured with the happy successe of those first adventurers and beginning sundry small kingdomes in the parts where they arrived or tooke vp to inhabite whereof some one notwithstanding still bore a sway over the rest whose King was accōpted soveraigne or Monarch the kingdomes of Kent the South-Saxons East-Saxons East-Angles Northumberland Mercia and of the West-Saxons whose originall continuance and fortunes vntill their vnion into the kingdome of the West-Saxons name of England come next in place THE KINGDOME OF THE KENTISH SAXONS THis contained onely Kent It was begunne by Hengist aforesaid the first Saxon Captaine that invaded Britaine vnto whom the countrey was
first mentioned more distinctly boundeth Normannia or the Countrey of the first or Dutch Normans with the river Eydore including within this accompt Denmarke and other more Northerly Regions and excluding Saxony and the parts of Germany lying vpon the South of that riuer They were otherwise called the Nord-luidi in Helmoldus and the aforesaid Authour The derivation we know not vnlesse from the words Nord or North and Lieu which last with the French signifieth a place or country The names were begun vpon occasion of the pyracies and warres of certaine mixtures of all those Northerne together or of the Swethlanders Norvegians a part following the tracts of the Danes and invading and preying vpon the French and English towards the declining estate of those nations and called by these generall appellations either because their proper names were not yet so well knowne abroad or because then consisting of many We first read of the expresse name of the Normans in the raigne of Charles the Great by Eginhartus in his life of that Emperour infesting then the sea-coasts of France and Germany Their mentioÌ„ after this is frequent more especially in the French Histories with great cruelty fury vnresistable afflicting the kingdome of France in the raigne of Charles the Bauld vnder their Captaine Hastinge and vnder Godfrey an other of their Leaders in the raigne of Charles the Gros. In the yeare 912 they first fixe fast footing in this rich Continent vnder Rollo another of their Captains to whom king Charles surnamed the Simple vpon composition for his peace herewith gaue the country of Neustria together with his daughter Gista in marriage with condition to hold the same vnder the fief and homage of the French kings and to become Christian. After this time that part of France from the firme residence hereof hath ever since beene called Normandy as the inhabitants hereof Normans victoriously held for a long time by the heires of Rollo with the title of Dukes of Normandie succeeded vnto by William surnamed Long-espee or with the Long-sword son to this first Rollo Richard the first son to William surnamed Long-espee Richard the second son to Richard the first Richard the third son to Richard the second Robert brother to Richard the third and William surnamed the Bastard the seaventh Duke naturall son to Robert Vnder this last prince these French Normans France now growing too narrow for their ambition first attempt vpon invade England Their colour for this war was the pretended right of their Duke William to the Crowne hereof bequeathed vnto him by Edward the Confessour in the time of the Danes during his exile in France confirmed afterwards by Edward being king and now since his decease with-held by Harold Their hopes in so great an enterprise was the vnsetled state of England now vnder an vsurper Edgar Etheling the right heire excluded and the favour of the Bishop of Rome Alexander the second then succeeding in the Papacy siding to their cause of whose countenance in authorizing vniust claimes Pepin and the late kings of France had made profitable vse In the yeare 1066 the Armies of the English Normans assisted with many thousands of French adventurers in Sussex neere Hastings fatally encounter Harold not by valour but through the sins and many vices of the Nation is vanquished and slaine with the losse of aboue 67000 of his valiant and faithfull souldiers and the remainder of the miserable English none then further adventuring factious irresolute without head and terrified with Papall cursings without any more resistance become subiect to the Conquerours William the Norman obtayneth the Crowne with great happines maintained hitherto in his Norman posterity The kingdome of the English the growth hereof hauing beene long hindred by the Danish warres before this last Norman conquest exceeded not the auncient limits of the Saxons Heptarchie bounding vpon the West with Wales and the Countries of Westmoreland Cumberland enjoyed by the Scots Welsh princes vnder the homage of the kings of England By king William the first following his victories Cumberland and Westmoreland as before are taken in and incorporated into the accompt name hereof By William Rufus and the succeeding Monarches Wales In forreine parts by Henry the second Ireland is conquered and Aniou Touraine Maine Aquitaine and Guienne with Normandy their auncient inheritance contayning almost one halfe part of France are annexed to the house and right of the Norman-English By Edward the third and the fift sixt Henries the potent kingdomes of France The French hauing long since withdrawn their allegiance divided asunder by spacius seas language and affection the rest remaine subject parts or states appending of the English kingdome In Iames the first of happy memory both kingdomes of England and Scotland or the whole Britaine are vnited vnder one Monarch together with Ireland a Countrie depending vpon England or the dominion of all the British Ilands The Kings of England follow of the Norman blood and vntill this last and blessed vnion William duke of Normandy from this victories surnamed the Conquerour the first king of England of the house of the Normans naturall son to Robert Duke of Normandy by Arlet a Burgers daughter of Falaise in that Countrey Battle-field wonne by conquest and a pretended right from the gift of Edward the Confessour his cosen German by the mothers side succeeding in the yeare 1066. The subdued English stubborne male-contented vnquiet and ill brooking forreine gouernment he oppressed with servitude and hard Lawes dispossessing the nobility of their goods places and revenues which he assigned to his French Normans the root of the present more auncient English gentrie He deceased in the yeare 1087. william the second surnamed Rufus from his more ruddy colour a younger son to the Conquerour king of England by the will of his father his elder brother Robert succeeding in the Dukedome of Normandy He deceased in the yeare 1100 slaine vnawares in New-Forrest in Hamshire as he was following his game vnmarried and without issue Henry the first surnamed Beauclercke or the good Scholler for such he was by meanes of his education borne at Selby in Yorkeshire yongest son to the Conquerour king of England through the advantage of his brother Roberts absence warring then abâ—ad in the Holy Land and by the favour of the people in regard of his English birth and his sugred promises which in part hee performed to remit those heavy lawes taxations wherewith they had beene burthened during the raignes of his father and brother To better his title and the more to insinuate into the English affections he tooke to wife Maude daughter to Malcolme the third king of Scotland and S t Margaret daughter to Edward surnamed the Out-law eldest son to Edmund Iron-side hereby vniting together the Norman and English blood in his issue posterity Warres arising betwixt the two brethren he with his English subdued the Normans vpon the same day after forty yeares
wherein his father with the Normans had conquered the English annexing Normandy to his English Crowne his borther Robert being surprised in battaile and detayned prisoner during life He deceased in the yeare 1135 the first English-Norman king Stephen Earle of Mortaigne yonger son to Stephen Earle of Blois and Champaigne by Adcla daughter to the Conquerour king of England by the power of his faction the advantage of his sexe and the pretended will of king Henry vpon his death-bed opposed by Maude the onely legitimate daughter surviuing issue of Henry formerly wife to Henry the fourth Emperour of the Romans After long trouble warres betwixt the two sides a peace at length is concluded Stephen is continued in the possession of the Crowne to returne after his decease vpon Henry Fitz-Empresse son to Mande and to the heires of the first Henry Henry the second son to Geffrey Plantaginet Earle of Aniou in France Maude the Empresse daughter to Henry the first and Maude daughter to Malcolme king of Scotland and S t Margaret descended from king Edmund surnamed the Iron-side In this prince the surname of Plantaginet was first deriued vpon the house of England continued vnto Edward sonne to George Duke of Clarence the last Plantaginet or of the male issue hereof the rest extinguished during the ciuill warres betwixt the houses of Yorke and Lancaster put to death by king Henry the seaventh He marryed vnto Eleanor daughter and sole heire to William Duke of Aquitaine Guienne and by armes voluntary submission made first subiect the factious and devided Irish king of England Duke of Normandy Aquitaine Guienne Earle of Aniou The dominion title of Ireland he had given vnto his yongest son Iohn Maude his eldest daughter was married vnto Henrie surnamed the Lyon Duke of Saxony and Bavaria from whom are descended the present Dukes of Brunswyck and Lunenburg in Germany bearing the same armes with the more auncient kings of England Richard the first king of England Duke of Normandy Aquitaine Guienne Earle of Aniou son to Henrie the second He accompanied Philip surnamed Augusts king of France with other Latine princes towards the East for the recoverie of the Holy Land renowned for his victories against Saladine Sultan of Aegypt and the Infidels Not the least in that journey amongst his other conquest was that of the Cyprioâ—s whom occasioned by some hostile and churlish carriages of Cursar their king against his distressed and weather-beaten Fleete he in few daies subdued exchanging that Iland with Guy of Lusignan for the kingdome or title of Hierusalem remaining in the house of Guy for many descents vntill the vsurpation thereof by the Venetians He deceased without issue Iohn king of England Duke of Normandie Aquitaine and Guienne Earle of Aniou and Lord of Ireland which last title he first added yongest son to Henry the second opposed by Arthur Duke of Britaine son to Geffrey his elder brother and Constance inheretresse of that house He lost Normandy Aniou Touraine and Maine with Poictou part of the Dukedome of Aquitaine to Philip the second surnamed Augustus French king pretending their forfeiture holding of the French kings in fee vpon the decease of Arthur whom he surmised to haue beene murthered by Iohn forsaken in those troubles by his disloyall Nobility refusing their aydes and betrayed by the natiues of those countries better effected to the French Ingaged at once in three dangerous warres against the Pope Cleargie the French king and his rebellious subjects to make his peace with the Pope his more potent adversary and the chiefe authour of those evils Innocentius the third then succeeding in the Papacy he enthralled his Crowne to the tribute and vassallage of the sea of Rome Henry the third son to Iohn succeeding in the left dominions of his father and in his warres against the French and his traiterous English Barons Edward the first son to Henry the third He subdued the Scots and annexed the Welsh to his English kingdome Edward the second son to Edward the first He marryed vnto Isabel daughter to Philip the fourth French king deposed by a joint conspiracy of his disloyall Queene subjects pretending his bad government and vices Edward the third son to Edward the second Isabel of France The male issue of Philip the fourth extinguished in Charles surnamed the Faire in right from his mother daughter to Philip the next heire generall he made claime to the rich kingdome of France assuming the title hereof and quartering his English armoryes with the French Lillies continued still in his successours Hauing vanquished the French in two memorable battailes at Crecy and Poictiers taken Iohn their king prisoner he in the end nothwithstanding fortune changing lost to that enimy all Aquitaine and Guienne the remainder of the English possessions in that Continent Calais excepted yeelded vp by the treacherous inhabitants ill affecting the English government and coveting a revnion with France He deceased in the yeare 1378. Richard the second king of England France and Lord of Ireland son to Edward prince of Wales eldest son to Edward the third deposed by Henry the fourth without issue Henry the fourth king of England France Lord of Ireland son to Iohn of Gaunt Duke of Lancaster fourth son to Edward the third the first prince of the Lancastrian family whose vsurpation and vniust title gaue occasion afterwards to those long and miserable warres betwixt his house Yorke Henry the fift king of England France and Lord of Ireland eldest son to Henrie the fourth The field of Azincourt won and the vnfortunate French vnder a lunatike and weake king being devided into two great factions of Burgundie and Orleans by the aide of Burgundie hauing married Catharine the French kings daughter he is made Regent of France during the malady and indisposition hereof and declared his next successour to the Crowne Charles the Dolphin his son disinherited Henrie the sixt king of England France and Lord of Ireland son to Henry the fift Catherine of France Crowned French king at Paris in the yeare 1431. In the raigne hereof Richard Duke of Yorke layd claime to the Crowne of England in the right of the house of Clarence elder brother to Iohn of Gaunt father to king Henry the fourth ayded by Richard Nevile Earle of Warwick and other potent nobility the effect whereof was a bloody civill warre continued with variable fortune for the space of 25 yeares betwixt the two houses of Lancaster and Yorke the slaughter of the greatest part of the blood royall of both factions the deposing murder of this holy and just prince the irrecoverable losse of France by these tumults the establishing of the kingdome in Edward the fourth his succession the house of Yorke Edward the fourth son to Richard Plantaginet Duke of Yorke which Richard was son to Richard Earle of Cambridge sonne to Edmund Duke of Yorke fift son
to king Edward the third by Anna his wife daughter to Roger Mortimer Earle of March son to Edmund Mortimer Philippa daughter and sole heire of Lionel Duke of Clarence third son to king Edward king of England and France Lord of Ireland by conquest and the right of his house Edward the fift king of England and France and Lord of Ireland son to Edward the fourth deposed and afterwards murthered by his vnnaturall vncle Richard the third deceasing without issue Richard the third son to Richard Duke of Yorke and yonger brother to Edward the fourth He was slaine at Bosworth field against Henry the seaventh the last king of the name of Plantagenet Henry the seaventh king of England France and Lord of Ireland son to Edmund Earle of Richmund and Margaret his wife daughter to Iohn Duke of Somerset sonne to Iohn of Gaunt Duke of Lancaster by Catherine Swinford the next and almost onely surviuing person of the house of Lancaster butchered in the late warres The better to assure the kingdome to his posterity and to prevent all future quarrells he tooke to wife Elizabeth eldest daughter to king Edward the fourth vniting in his issue the vndoubted rights of both factions of Lancaster Yorke Henry the eight son to Henry the seaventh He made Ireland a kingdome and first assumed the title of Defendour of the faith Edward the sixt king of England France and Ireland son to Henry the eight Mary Queene of England France and Ireland daughter to Henry the eight sister to Edward Elizabeth of famous memory Queene of England France Ireland sister to Edward Mary Iames of happie memory the sixt of that name king of Scotland in the yeare 1602 the whole issue of king Henry the eight being extinguished in Elizabeth succeeding in the kingdome of England and the dominions therevnto belonging son to Henry Stuart Lord Darly and Mary Queene of the Scots daughter to Iames the fift son to Iames the fourth Margaret eldest daughter to king Henry the seaventh the first sole Monarch of Great Britaine and of the neighbouring Ilands Charles king of Great Britaine France Ireland whom God long preserue sonne to Iames of happie memorie In this sort the Iland of Great Britaine having suffered so many alterations is at length now become devided into two onely kingdomes governed by one Monarch but not any wise depending or subordinate to another the kingdome of England lying vpon the South of the river Tweede Solwey Frith and the kingdome of Scotland lying beyond The kingdome of England our present subject hath beene formerly devided into 52 Shires or Counties Kent Sussex Surrey Barkeshire Hantshire Wiltshire Somersetshire Dorsetshire Devonshire Cornwall Glocestershire Oxfordshire Buckinghamshire Bedfordshire Hartfordshire Middlesex Essex Suffolke Norfolke Cambridgeshire Huntingdonshire Northamptonshire Rutlandshire Leicestershire Lincolneshire Nottinghamshire Darbyshire Cheshire Staffordshire Warwickshire Worcestershire Shropshire Herefordshire Monmouthshire Glamorganshire Brecknockshire Radnorshire Caermardenshire Penbrokeshire Cardiganshire Merioneihshire Caernarvonshire Anglesey Denbighshire Flintshire Lancashire Yorkeshire the Bishopricke of Durham Westmoreland Cumberland Northumberland Of these Kent retayneth yet the auncient name Essex Sussex haue bin thus called from the East South-Saxons Midlesex from the situation of the English or Dutch inhabitants planted betwixt the West South East Mercian Saxons Devonshire or Denshire from the Danmonij the auncient British inhabitants Westmoreland from the more Westerne position and quality of the countrey being hilly and full of fruitles wasts named Mores by the Northerne English Northumberland from the English kingdome of Northumberland whereof it was a part Rutlandshire most probably from the ruddie colour of the soile Barkeshire from the wood Berroc after Asser Menevensis Glamorganshire from the word Mor signifying the sea with the Britons or Welsh vpon which it lyeth Wiltshire and Somersetshire from Wilton and Somerton decayed townes sometimes the chiefe of the Shires Anglesey from the English since the possession hereof by the Nation Suth-rey or Surrey signifyeth with the English the Southerne kingdome a part of the kingdome of the South-Saxons Suffolke Norfolke the more Southerne and Northerne people compared thus together the parts sometimes of the kingdome of the East-Angles The occasion of the names of Cornwall and Cumberland we euen now related Merioneth was the auncient name given by the Welsh The reason hereof we finde not The rest haue beene named from the chiefe townes of each devision Their descriptions follow L. D. THE THIRD BOOKE Contayning the Chorographicall description of England KENT BOunded vpon the South and East with the English channell and the German Ocean vpon the North with the river Thames from Essex and vpon the West with Surrey and Sussex The country is hilly shaded with hedge-rowes woods populous and fruitfull planted with a frugall and industrious inhabitant The aire is thick and in many places agueish and vnholsome for this cause or in regard of some bad vapours from a wet cold and vnhealthfull ground Places of better note are Canterbury vpon the river Stour Darvernum of Ptolemy Durovernum of Antoninus Durovernia of Beda the chiefe towne and an Archbishops sea the Primate of the kingdome founded by Ethelbert the first Christian king of Kent in the person of S. Austine the Apostle of the English Vpon the Ocean Reculver a country village Regulbium of the Notitia the Station of the 1 Cohort named of the Vetasii Sandwich a Cinque Port. In the neighbouring fields stood the towne Rhutupiae of Ptolemy and Rhitupae of Antoninus the tract of whose streets are yet discovered by a more thin growth of corne in those places named S. Augustines crosse by the vulgar people a famous port of the Romans and the Mansion of their 2 d Legion surnamed Augusta drawne hither in the waine of that Empire from Isca Silurum now Caer Leon in South-Wales to defend the coast against the pyracies and incursions of the Saxons North hereof lyeth the I le of Tenet Thanatos of Ptolemy made by the river Stour here dividing and falling into the Ocean with two branches or channels The foreland a promontory of the Iland is named Cantium by Ptolemy in some editions corruptly Nucantium and Acantium Dover vnder the cliffs and where they divide Dubris of Antoninus and Dubrae of the the Notitia the Station of a foot company of the Tungricani a noted passage into France and one of the Cinque ports defended with a spacious and strong castle mounted vpon a high and praecipitous rocke commaunding the subject Ocean The Constable hereof is Warden of the Cinque ports The straight of the sea betwixt this and the Continent named by the French Le Pas de Calais by the Latines Fretum Caletanum containeth about 30 miles in breadth At the castle of Deale a low shore in the way towards Sandwich Caesar is thought to haue landed when he first invaded Britaine Along the cliffs Folkeston Hide a cinque port
enjoyed both kingdomes of Castille and Leon wherevnto he added that of Toledo since incorporated with the kingdome of Castille and in regard thereof now called Castillia la Nueva injuriously taken from his late hostes the Moores thereof with whom not long before during his exile hee had beene friendly entertayned In the raigne and by the favour advancement hereof in the person of Henry of Lorraine a Frenchman began the Earledome of Portugall made afterwards a kingdome by Alfonsus son to Henry He deceased in the yeare 1109 Vrraca daughter to Alfonsus the sixt succeeding in both kingdomes Alfonsus the seaventh son to Vrraca the mother resigning He was likewise king of both Ferdinand the second younger son to Alfonsus the seauenth His elder brother Sanctius the second had for his share the kingdome of Castille Alfonsus the ninth king of Leon son to Ferdinand the second Hee marryed vnto Berengaria sister to Henry the first king of Castille Ferdinand the third son to Alfonsus the ninth king of Leon and Berengaria sister to Henry the first king of Castille in whom those two kingdomes of Castille Leon were lastly vnited neuer afterwards disjoyned THE KINGDOME OF CASTILLE THe estate name was first occasioned begun amongst the Vaccaei by certaine honourable gentlemen of the kingdome of Leon liuing vnder the commaund and authority of the princes hereof and by the name title of Earles defending then enlarging those the Marches of that kingdome against the neighbouring Infidell Moores from the great number of Castles fortresses their erected as vsually hapneth in all frontire places called afterwards by the name of Castille What were the names of those first Earles at what time and by whom they were instituted in what parts they seuerally commaunded for many lived together or in what maner whether as free princes vnder the fief homage of the kings of Leon or rather onely as their deputies or prefects we finde not By the time of Ordonius the second this name accompt was extended over the whole country of the Vaccaei contayning now the greatest part of old Castille devided then from the Moores by the Mountaines of Segovia and Avila In the raigne of Froila the second incensed with the late murther of the Earles hereof by Ordoninus the second the countrie first shoke off the yoake of Leon and became a free gouernment commaunded first by Iudges afterwards by Earles By Sanctius the Great king of Navarra in the person of his younger son Ferdinand the first it was erected into a kingdome King Ferdinand the first added vnto the accompt and name of Castille part of the country of Navarra lying beyond Monte D'oca He also vnited in the right of the princes hereof the kingdome of Leon afterwards for some time againe devided therefrom Alfonsus the sixt added the kingdome of Toledo now Castillia la Nueva Iohn the first the countries of Biscaia Guipuscoa Ferdinand the third Andaluzia Murcia Ferdinand the fift of late yeares and in the memory of our ancestours Navarra Granado to omit sundry other petty enlargements By so many additions the kingdome of Castile together with Leon incorporated with it extendeth at this day ouer thirteene great Provinces of Galitia Asturia Biscaia Olava Guipuscoa Leon Castillia la Veia Castillia la Nueva Murcia Andaluzia Extremadura Granado and Navarra containing now some two third parts of the Continent of Spaine the largest and the most noble of the three kingdomes hereof The first Earles vnder the subiection of the kings of Leon whereof we finde any mention for the greatest part of them are not remembred were Roderique liuing in the time of Alfonsus the second surnamed the Chast. Iames surnamed Porcellus son to Roderique in the raigne of Alfonsus the third Nunnius Ferdinandus with the rest of the Earles slaine by King Ordonius the second After the murther of the first Earles and the revolt of the country from vnder the government of Leon succeeded Nunnius Rasura and Lainus Calvus chosen by the people commaunding by the name of Iudges the former whereof governed in ciuill affaires the other in matters military Consalvus Nunnius son to Nunnius Rasura succeeding in the same title and authority of Iudge He married vnto Semena daughter to Nunnius Ferdinandus murthered by Ordonius the second transmitting by that meanes vnto his house the right of the ancient Earles of Castile Ferdinandus Consalvus son to Consalvus Nunnius and Semena He reassumed the title of Earle of Castille continued in his successions vnto Sanctius the Great King of Navarra Vpon composition made with Sanctius surnamed the Grosse in the yeare 965 he freed the estate hereof from all right and acknowledgement of the Kings of Leon. Garcias Ferdinandus Earle of Castille sonne to Ferdinandus Consalvus Sanctius sonne to Garcias Ferdinandus Garcias sonne to Sanctius slaine by treason yong and without issue Sanctius surnamed the Great king of Navarra and Earle of Aragon in right of his wife Elvira elder sister to Garcias Earle of Castile the last Earle He made Castile a kingdome giuen by him with this title vnto Ferdinand his second son Ferdinand yonger son to Sanctius the Great king of Navarra the first king of Castile The bounds hereof in the time of this Prince were the river Pisverga from the kingdome of Leon Monte D'Oca from Navarra and the mountaines of Segovia Avila from the kingdome of Toledo and the Moores He further extended those limits beyond Monte D'Oca ouer part of Navarra won from his elder brother Garcias king of Navarra and since incorporated into the name of Castile Hee also annexed to his house the kingdome of Leon Veremundus the third king hereof being slain by him in battaile sans issue brother to his wife Sanctia Sanctius the first king of Castile eldest son to Ferdinand the first His yonger brother Alfonsus succeeded in the kingdome of Leon driuen out by Sanctius amongst the Moores of Toledo Hee deceased without issue slaine before Zamora Alfonsus the sixt king of Leon brother to Sanctius the first king of Castile after the decease hereof returning from banishment out of the countrey of the Moores and inheriting both kingdomes He added herevnto the city and kingdome of Toledo afterwards named Castilia la Nueva vnkindly taken from his late hoasts the Moores and Hyaia their last king Vrraca daughter to Alfonsus the sixt succeeding in both kingdomes Alfonsus the seauenth sonne to Vrraca she resigning succeeding likewise in both Sanctius the second king of Castile eldest son to Alfonsus the seaventh His yonger brother Ferdinand the second inherited Leon the two kingdomes being the third time divided Alfonsus the eight son to Sanctius the second whose wife was Eleanor daughter to Henry the second king of England He tooke from Ramir the second king of Navarra the townes of Logrogno Nagera and Calahora and almost whatsoeuer els the Navarrois held on that side of the riuer Ebro which he added vnto Castile in which
name and accompt they at this day continue Henry the first king of Castile son to Alfonsus the eight He dyed without issue Ferdinand the third son to Alfonsus the ninth king of Leon and of Berengaria yonger sister to Henry the first deceased in right from his mother king of Castile Blanche elder sister to Berengaria then wife to Lewes son to Philip the French King refused His father deceasing hee succeeded likewise in the Kingdome of Leon. After this last vnion the two Kingdomes were neuer againe seuered incorporated into one entire state knowne now by the name of Castille Leon. He recouered from the Moores the countries of Andaluzia and Murcia contayning then the petty Kingdomes of Murcia and Sivillia with part of the Kingdome of Cordova In the raigne hereof and yeare 1239 began the famous kingdome of Granado by Mahomet Aben-Alhamar King of Cordova vpon the surprisall of that city by Ferdinand remouing hither his royall seate Alfonsus the tenth King of Castile and Leon son to Ferdinand the third He was that famous Astronomer whose workes are now extant with vs the framer of the Tables of Alfonsus named from him The German Electours diuided he was chosen by his factiō Emperour of the Romans against Richard Earle of Cornwall brother to Henry the third King of England detained notwithstanding at home during his whole raigne with civill warres against his vnnaturall son Sanctius much more happy in the loue of the Muses then of his subiects Sanctius the third king of Castile and Leon the rebellious son of Alfonsus the tenth Ferdinand the fourth son to Sanctius the third Alfonsus the eleauenth son to Ferdinand the fourth Peter the first son to Alfonsus the eleauenth He was driuen out for his cruelty and was restored againe by Edward named the Blacke Prince son to Edward the third king of England Destitute of the English succours not long after he lost both his kingdome life overcome and slaine by his brother Henry Henry the second brother to Peter the first and naturall son to Alfonsus the eleaventh Iohn the first king of Castille Leon son to Henry the second opposed by Iohn of Gaunt duke of Lancaster pretending the right of Constance his wife daughter to Peter the first In this prince by his marriage of D. Maria Diaz de Haro daughter and inheretresse to Don Lopez Diaz de Haro last prince of Biscaia and Guipuscoa these seigneuries were annexed to the crowne of Castille Comming to composition with Iohn duke of Lancaster hee marryed his sonne Henry vnto Catherine daughter to the other by agreement created vpon the marriage prince of Asturia which title occasioned from the English whose eldest sons are named princes of Wales hath ever since bin continued in the heires of Castille or Spaine Henry the third son to Iohn the first He married vnto Catherine daughter to Iohn of Gaunt duke of Lancaster Iohn the second son to Henry the third Henry the fourth son to Iohn the second He deceased without heires of his body Elizabeth queene of Castille Leon sister to Henry the fourth She married vnto Ferdinand the fift king of Aragon Sicily In the raigne hereof the countreyes of Granado Navarra the French Moores being expulsed became annexed to the house hereof and incorporated with Castille and the whole Spaine the kingdome of Portugall excepted vnited vnder one Monarch Naples likewise was then conquered from the French and the house of Ferdinand the bastard and the rich new-found world first discovered added to the dominion hereof Philip the first Arch-duke of Austria and Duke of Bungundie son to the Emperour Maximilian the first Mary Dutchesse of Burgundie king of Castille Leon in right of his wife Ioane eldest daughter to Ferdinand the fift and Elizabeth kings of Castille Aragon Philip deceasing and Ioane of Aragon his Queene in regard of her frenzy and indisposition being vnfit to governe Ferdinand the fift in the minority of Charles the fift reassumed againe the kingdome of Castille Charles the fift son to Philip the first and Ioane of Aragon after the decease of his grandfathers Maximilian the first Emperour and king Ferdinand the fift elected Emperour of the Romans and succeeding in the kingdomes of Castille Leon Aragon Naples Sicily Hierusalem and of the Indyes the Dukedomes of Austria Burgundy and the dominions of the low-countries He added vnto these in Italy the great Dukedome of Milan after the decease of Francis Sforcia without heires according to the composition made betwixt them and in the Netherlands the Provinces of Vtreicht Over-Ysel Zutphen Gelderland Wearyed with long sicknes and the burthen of so great an Empire he voluntarily surrendred all his estates vnto his younger brother Ferdinand and his son Philip the second cloistering himselfe vp in the monastery of S t Iustus in Estremadura where in a private fortune he dyed Philip the second son vnto the Emperour Charles the fift lord of all the kingdomes and possessions belonging to the house of Burgundy Spaine The German Empire and the dominions of Austria were left vnto his vncle Ferdinand Sebastian king of Portugal being slaine in Afrique by the Moores at the battaile of Alcacar and his vncle Cardinall Henry not long after surviuing by the great captain Don Ferdin̄d Alvares de Toledo in the yeare 1580 he cōquered that kingdome the first Monarch of Spaine since king Rodericus and the Gothes To giue a checke vnto this sudden and over-great prosperity the Low-countries in his time revolted eight of whose richest provinces Holland Zealand Vtreicht Over-Ysel Gelderland Zutphen West-Freisland Groninghen haue now by armes freed themselues from the Spanish yoake and subjection Philip the Third son to Philip the second succeeding in the dominions conquests of Spaine The Netherlands were assigned by his father vnto his sister Isabella marryed vnto Albert Arch-duke of Austria Philip the fourth son to Philip the third now king of Castille Spaine and of the many provinces subject to the great Empire hereof THE KINGDOME OF NAVARRA THe Kingdome hereof was first begun amongst the Pyrenean Mountaines in the parts whereabout now standeth the towne of Suprarbe by the Vascones the naturall inhabitants or rather by certaine remnants of the shipwrack'd and flying Christians in that great invndation of the Moores retreating amongst the safer rocks and shelters hereof The exact time when it begun is not set downe Onely thus much is agreed vpon that Garcias Ximinius the first king dyed in the yeare 758 some 42 yeares after the first erection of the kingdome of the Asturians or Leon. It was first entituled the kingdome of Suprarbe then the chiefe towne of those mountainous parts Afterwards it tooke the name of Navarra most probably vnder Innicus Garcias at what time first descending from the mountaines where the former kings had kept themselues immur'd they tooke in Pampelona and the plaine countrey from the Moores By the raigne of Sanctius the Great
of the Estates incorporated this great Dukedome with the Crowne of France never from thence to be severed which the male issue hereof extinct in Henry the third Lewis the thirteenth of the house of Bourbon and Navarre now raigning Isabella of Austria Princesse of the Lowe Countries the heire generall rejected by the vertue hereof at this day enjoyeth Their religion was alwayes Christian and Catholique instructed in this faith vnder the Romans before their comming into this Province Their government vntill their vnion with the crowne of France was Monarchicall first vnder kings then vnder dukes Their Princes follow Conan an English Briton placed here by Maximus in the yeare and raigne aforesaid Grallon after some son to Conan Salomon the first son to Grallon Auldran son to Salomon the first Budic the first son to Auldran Hoel the first son to Budic the first Hoel the second son to Hoel the first Alain the first son to Hoel the second Hoel the third son to Alain the first Salomon the second son to Hoel the third In this prince Iudicael the last K. of Basse Bretaigne dying without heires for since the last disbourdments hither of the Britons vntill this time the estate hereof was divided into two kingdomes the whole became vnited vnder one Prince Alain the second grandchild to Salomon the second He deceased without heires the last king of Bretaigne of the house of Conan Daniel Dremruz Budic the second Maxence Iohn Reith and David Wa chiefes of their factions the kingdome being then rent into many petty tyrannies the occasion of the after conquest hereof by Charles the Great After that the kingdome became againe recouered from the French Neomene formerly Lieftenant here Gouernour of the Province for the Emperour Lewes the godly chosen about the yeare 841. Heruspee son to Neomene slaine by Salomon his successour Salomon the third the murtherer of Heruspee son to Rivaillon brother to King Heruspee Hee was likewise slaine by Pastenethen Gurvant brothers to Heruspee and sons to Neomene in the yeare 874 the last king of Bretaigne Alain surnamed le Rebre son to Pastenethen after long misery and contention for the kingdome succeeding in the gouerment hereof the Normans who had invaded the province being vanquished and his competitours slaine and subdued THE DVKEDOME OF BRETAIGNE REfusing the more envious name of king he tooke vpon him onely the title and stile of Duke since followed by all the succeeding Princes Iuhael and Collodoch sons to Alain le Rebre An Inter-regnum for certaine yeares by meanes of the Norman or Danish invasion and tyranny miserably wasting and subduing the Country Alain surnamed Barbetorte son to Mathuede Earle of Porrhoet and of the daughter of Alain le Rebre the Normans being driuen out Drogon â—on to Alain Barbetorte slaine yong by the treason of Fouques Earle of Aniou in whom ended the house of Alain le Rebre Conan Earle of Renes descended from king Salomon the third his Competitours Hoel and Guerâ—ch naturall sons to Alain Barbetorte successiuely contending being vanquished and slaine Geffrey sonne to Conan the first Alain the third sonne to Geffrey the first Conan the second son to Alain the third He dyed sans issue Hoel the fourth son to Alain Earle of Cournovaille in the right of his wife Havoise sister to Conan the second Alain the fourth surnamed Fergent son to Hoel the fourth Conan the third son to Alain the fourth Eudon Earle of Ponthieure in the right of his wife Berthe daughter to Conan the third Conan the fourth sonne to Eudon and Berthe aforesaid Geffrey the second third son to Henry the second king of England in the right of his wife Constance daughter to Conan the fourth Arthur the first son to Geffrey and Constance He dyed young and vnmarried after the French relation murthered by his vnnaturall Vncle Iohn King of England jealous of his better right to that kingdome Peter de Dreux in the right of his wife Alis daughter by a second marriage to Constance aforesaid He first made the Dukedome subject vnto the soveraignty and homage of the French kings Iohn the first son to Peter de Dreux and Alis Iohn the second son to Iohn the first Arthur the second son to Iohn the second Iohn the third son to Arthur the second He dyed without heires After the decease hereof the right was controversed betwixt Iohn Earle of Montfort yonger son to Arthur the second aided by Edward the third King of England and Charles de Blois husband to Ioan la Boiteuse daughter to Guye second son to Duke Arthur the 2 d assisted by Philip de Valois French king neither side yet prevailing Iohn the fourth surnamed the Valiant son to Iohn Earle of Montfort aforesaid sole Duke of Bretaigne after the decease of Charles de Blois his competitour thorough the aide and valour of the English ouerthrowne and slaine at the battaile of Auray Iohn the fift son to Iohn the fourth Francis the first son to Iohn the fift He deceased without heire male Peter brother to Francis the first He dyed sans heires Arthur the third Earle of Richmond and Constable of France second sonne to Iohn the fourth He also deceased without issue Francis the second son to Richard Earle of Clisson third son to Iohn the fourth He deceased in the yeare 1488. Charles the eight French king in the right of his wife Anne heire of Bretaigne daughter to Francis the second He dyed without issue Lewes the twelfth French king in the right of Anne of Bretaigne aforesaid daughter to Duke Francis the second marryed vnto him after the decease of King Charles the Eight He deceased without male issue Francis the first French king and the third of that name Duke of Bretaigne in the right of his wife Claude eldest daughter to king Lewes the twelfth and Anne aforesaid With consent of the estates of Bretaigne in the yeare 1532 he inseparably vnited the Dukedome to the crown of France Francis Daulphin of Vienne eldest son to king Francis the first and of Claude crowned Duke of Bretaigne in the yeare 1539. He dyed yong before his father Henry the second French king son to King Francis the first and Claude Francis the second French king son to Henry the second Charles the ninth French king brother to Francis the second and son to Henry the second Henry the third French king brother to Francis the second and Charles the ninth and sonne to Henry the second the last French king of the house of Valois and in whom ended the line succession of the Dukes of Bretaigne After his decease the line masculine of the house of Valois and Bretaigne being extinguished the right hereof was questioned betwixt Henry the fourth King of France and Navarre and Philip the second king of Spaine pretending the title of his daughter Isabella now Princesse of the Low countreyes descended of Elizabeth daughter to King Henry the second By the aide of the English the Spaniards
surnamed the Stammerer joynt Kings created in the minority of Charles the Simple Lewis the second deceasing Carloman raigned alone who dyed not long after Lewis the third surnamed le Fay-neant sonne to Carloman His raigne was but short deposed for his slought many vices and shorne Monke of Saint Denys Charles surnamed the Fat son to Lewis the Auncient King of Germany and Emperour of the Romans called in by his faction elected King of West-France in the minority of Charles the Simple Hee was deposed not long after and deprived of all his estates dying in great misery and want nere vnto Constance in Germany in the yeare 889. Eudon guardian to Charles the Simple son to Robert Earle of Aniou son to Witichind prince of the Saxons in the raigne of the Emperour Charles the Great in the minority of his pupill after the Emperour Charles the Fat created French King After some two yeares raigne he was likewise deposed by this factious vnconstant nation succeeded vnto by Charles the Simple By meanes notwithstanding of this election there followed afterwards long quarrels and contention for the kingdome betwixt his kindred the house of Aniou and Charles the Simple and his issue during the whole Caroline line a chiefe pretence of Capets vsurpation Charles the Simple the legitimate son of the Emperour Lewis surnamed the Stammerer He had warres with Robert Earle of Aniou brother to King Eudon in regard of the election of Eudon pretending right to the kingdome and slaine by him in a battaill After a short and troublesome raigne caught imprisoned at Peronne by Hebert Earle of Vermandois and forsaken by the nobility hee resigned the kingdome to Rodulph Duke of Burgundy Transiuraine Rodulph Duke of Burgundy Transiuraine son to Conrade Earle of Burgundy Transiuraine brother to Robert the first Earle of Aniou vncle to King Eudon vpon the imprisonment and forced resignation of Charles the Simple elected French King Lewis the fourth son to Charles the Simple and Elgina daughter to Edward surnamed the Elder and sister to Athelstan Kings of England surnamed the Forreiner for that during the captivity of his father and the vsurpation of Rodulph he lived exiled with his vncle Athelstan in England after the death of the vsurper called home and restored to the kingdome Hee had wars with Hugh surnamed the Great Earle of Paris Majour of the Palace son to Robert the second jealous of the popularity greatnes and the ambition of that house Lothaire son to Lewis the fourth In the raigne hereof Hugh Capet heire of the house of Aniou son to Hugh the Great begun againe to renew the auncient quarell of his family touching the kingdome the which not long after he obtayned Lewis the fift son to Lothaire He dyed young without issue the last French King of the house of Charles the Great Hugh Capet son to Hugh the Great Earle of Paris and Majour of the Palace after much quarrell betwixt the houses of Aniou and of Charles the Great thorough a long basenes slougth and pusillanimity of the degenerate princes of that line the present dislike of Charles Duke of Lorraine the next heire the long greatnes and still growing popularity of his house his flattery and crafty insinuations with the nobility and people and religious pretences and of his right and succession to King Eudo and Rodulph in the yeare 965 elected king by this wavering nation Charles Duke of Lorraine excluded caught afterwards by him and imprisoned during life Robert son to Hugh Capet Henry the first younger son to Robert preferred by his father before Robert his elder brother succeeding in the Dukedome of Burgundy Philip the first son to Henry the first Lewis the sixt son to Philip the first Lewis the seaventh son to Lewis the sixt About the raigne of this prince dyed Iohn de Temporibus by the stiffe consent of the French and German writers reported to haue lived from the Emperour Charles the Great vnto this time for aboue the space of 300 yeares Philip the second surnamed Augustus sonne to Lewis the seaventh Lewis the eight son to Philip the second Lewis the ninth surnamed the Saint son to Lewis the eight Philip the third son to Lewis the ninth Philip the fourth surnamed the Faire son to Philip the third Lewis the tenth surnamed Hutin son to Philip the Faire Hee deceased without male issue Philip the fift surnamed the Tall brother to Lewis the tenth Hee also dyed without issue male Charles the fourth brother to Lewis Hutin and Philip the Tall. He also deceased without male issue Philip the sixt surnamed of Valois the next prince of the blood of the line masculine succeeding by the pretence of a Salique Law In the raigne hereof began those long and fierce wars betwixt the French Edward the third King of England descended of Isabel daughter to Philip the fourth pretending in this right for the kingdomes the issue whereof was the great overthrowes of the French at the battails of Crecy and Poictiers the captivity of Iohn French King and the restitution of Normandy and other parts of France taken from the English by King Philip Augustus lost notwithstanding not long after to King Charles the fift with Aquitaine Guienne vntill that time still held by the English nation Iohn French King sonne to Philip the sixt taken prisoner in the English warres by Edward Prince of Wales son to Edward the third at the battaile of Poictiers Charles the fift son to Iohn He recovered againe the countries of Normandy Aquitaine and Guienne and whatsoever else the English held in the continent of France the towne and forts about Calis onely excepted Charles the sixt son to Charles the fift In the raigne hereof fell out that fatall discord betwixt the houses of Orleans and Burgundy by the advantage whereof the weakenes of this phrenetique king and their victory at Agincourt Charles the Dolphin disinherited and Henry the fift King of England having married Catherinne his daughter made Regent of France the English again got seazed of the chiefest parts of the kingdome hereof Henry the sixt King of England being afterwards crowned king of France at Paris Charles the seaventh son to Charles the sixt After long trouble warres Philip the Good and the faction of Burgundy reconciled hee againe cleered France of the English the towne countrey of Calis excepted Lewis the eleaventh son to Charles the seaventh Charles the eight son to Lewis the eleaventh He dyed sans issue Lewis the twelth Duke of Orleans and Valois the next prince of the blood of the line masculine Hee marryed vnto Anne Dutchesse of Bretaigne and deceased without heire male Francis the first Duke of Engoulesme the next prince of the blood of the race masculine He marryed vnto Claude Dutchesse of Bretaigne daughter to Lewis the twelth Anne and incorporated Bretaigne to the crowne of France Henry the second son to Francis the first He wonne the towne countrey of
or Vannes the inhabitants speake only the British language for this cause named by the French la Bretaigne Bretonant Blavet a little haven towne at the mouth of the riuer thus called Vannes Dariorigum of Ptolemie and civitas Venetûm of Antoninus a Bishops sea seated vpon a goodly bay nere vnto the mouth of the riuer Vilaine The towne is old ruinous and much decayed The country hereabouts were the Veneti of Strabo Caesar Ptolemy Pliny and Antoninus from whom proceeded the ancient Veneti in Italie seated vpon the coast of the sea Adriaticke drawne thither in those passages of the Gaules vnder Belovesus and occasioning afterwards the name of the famous citty and people of the Venetians In the time of Caesar they were the mightiest people and of greatest authority amongst the Armorici strong in shipping and of great skill and experience in sea-faring matters Nere herevnto in an Iland within the bay hereof standeth the strong castle of Sussinio Guerrande Croisic little haven townes beyond the riuer Vilaine at the mouth of the Loire Nantes Condivincum of Ptolemie civitas Namnetum of Antoninus a Bishops sea and Bailliage seated vpon the Loire The citty is large faire strong and populous the chiefest in Bretaigne The country hereabouts were the Nannetes of Caesar and Plinie the Namnitae of Ptolemie and the Namneti of Antoninus Clisson a strong towne castle in the Dutchie of Raiz which is the part of Bretaigne lying beyond the Loire or betwixt that riuer and Poictou Moncontour S. Brieu a Bishops sea and a well frequented port seated vpon the English chanell betwixt two little rivulets Trieu and Arguennon supposed by Bertrand to be the rivers Titius and Argenis of Ptolemie Lamballe The people hereabouts are excellent deluers or pioners vnto which trade they chiefly addict themselues thought by Bertrand to be the Ambiliates of Caesar. Hitherto or in the dioceses of Vannes Nantes and S. Brieu both the French and British tongues are spoken or as in Chesne a mixed language of these two which part for this cause is named by the French la Bretaigne Mesle Dinan a rich and pleasant towne vpon the riuer Rance S. Malo a Bishops sea and a noted Port strongly seated vpon a rocke within the sea wherewith at every flowing water it is encompassed being ioined to the continent only by an artificiall narrow causey or neck of land Montfort in the diocese of S. Malo Dol a Bishops sea vnwholsomely situated amongst marishes Renes Condate of Ptolemie and civitas Redonum of Antoninus a Bishops sea and Baâ—lliage and the Parliament of Bretaigne The citty is not very large containing onely some mile and an halfe in compasse yet strong and populous accounted the next after Nantes The country hereabouts were the Rhedones of Caesar Ptolemie and Plinie the Redones of Antoninus Chasteau-Briand La Vitre Fougeres vpon the river Covesnon strong frontire places towards Normandie Maine Aniou In this more Easterly part of Bretaigne towards France or in the diocese of S. Malo Dol and Renes the inhabitants speake only the French named herevpon la Bretaigne Gallicant THE PARLIAMENT OF ROVEN COntaining only the Dukedome of Normandie NORMANDIE HAving vpon the West the river Covesnon dividing it from Bretaigne vpon the North the English Chanell vpon the East Picardie and vpon the South and South-East the countries of Maine and France Speciall The country for fertilitie and large extent number strength state of townes the nobilitie multitude of people their wit courage and valour aboue the ordinary of the nation may deseruedly be accounted the chiefe Province of the kingdome It is divided into the Higher and the Lower Normandie whereof this containeth the sea-coasts the other the more inland parts The Lower Normandie againe is subdiuided into the parts called la Caux lying betwixt the Seine and Picardie and the countries Bessin and Constantin contained betwixt the Seine and Bretaigne Chiefer townes are Auranches Ingena of Ptolemie and civitas Abrincantum of Antoninus now a Bishops sea seated vpon a scalpe or rocke overlooking the English Chanell from the which it is not farre distant as neither from Bretaigne The country hereabouts were the Abrincatui of Ptolemie and Plinie the Abrincanti of Antoninus Constances Constantia of Antoninus a Bishops sea and Bailiage naming the country called from hence le Pais Constantin The town ever since the English warres hath layen opne without either wall or fortificatioÌ„ to defend it coÌ„trary to the custome of France maner of the French cities Cherbourg a strong seacoast town in a sandy shote vnapt to plant Ordinance vpon making it thereby vneasie to be besieged It was the last place the English held in Normandie in the vnfortunate raigne of king Henry the sixt S. Lo a strong inland place vpon the river Vire Bayeux civitas Baiocassium of Antoninus a Bishops sea naming le Pais Bessin Caen a Bishops sea and Bailliage vpon the rivers Ouden and Orne The citty is large populous and strong the second of the province graced with an Vniversity founded by Henry the fift king of England In an Abbey church in the subvrbs hereof are seene the tombes statues and epitaphs of William the Conquerour the first king of England of the race of the Normans and of Maude his wife their enterred Falaise vpon the river Ante the country of the Conquerour borne here of a meane Burgers daughter The towne is strong in shew resembling a ship whose poupe might be the castle seated vpon a high rocke at the end hereof Alençon a Bailliage Hereof were entituled the Dukes of Alençon Sees civitas Salarum and Saiorum of Antoninus a Bishops sea vpon the river Orne Lyseux civitas Lexoviorum of Antoninus a Bishops sea The country here abouts were the Lexovij of Caesar Pliny and Antoninus and the Lexubij of Ptolemy Eureux a Bishops sea and Bailliage Mediolanium of Ptolemy vpon the river Iton The towne is rich populous and flourishing the third in Normandy The country were the Eburonices of Caesar the Aulercij Eburaici of Ptolemy the Aulerci Eburovices of Pliny Gisors a Bailliage and a strong frontire towne towards France speciall Roven Rothomagus of Ptolemy and civitas Rotomagensium of Antoninus vpon the Seine an Arch-bishops sea and the Parliament and chiefe citty of the country The towne is rich great populous and well traded by Merchants by meanes of the river here navigable the best of the kingdome after Paris and Lions The country were the Venellocasses of Caesar the Vellocasses of Pliny the Veneliocassij of Ptolemie the Rotomagenses of Antoninus Haure de Grace a noted Port strong towne of warre at the mouth of the Seine environed vpon the other sides with the sea and with deepe vnpassible marishes towards the land The towne is new built by king Francis the first to affront the English In the beginning of the raigne of Queene
Then in the raigne of the Emperour Valentinian the first with the Scots and Picts sorraging Bretaigne and with the Frenchmen Gaâ—â—e It was after this in the raigne of the Emperours Valentinian the third and Marcianus that accompanyed with the Angli and Vitae they subdued Bretaigne giuing the name of England vnto the best and largest part of that great and famous Iland Their first dwelling was after Ptolemies description wholy beyond the Elb bounding according to Chytrâ—us vpon that river vpon the South on the Ocean vpon the West vpon the Cimbri on the North and on the East vpon the Tentones and Tentonoari and inhabiting where now is the Dukedome of Holstein In the time of the latter Roman Emperours passing over the Elb they spread Southwards as farre as the French whether beating out the ancient inhabitants or which is more probable communicating vnto them this their more noble and victorious name For otherwise it is altogether impossible that so small a nation as these were in Ptolemies time should of themselues possesse and fill so large and spatious a country The Westerne Empire overthrowne the French withdrawing towards the heart of Gaule they enlarged to the Rhijn vnto against Colen Their more precise bouÌ„ds in the raigne of the Emperour Charles the Great was vpon the North the riuer Eydore dividing them from the Danes vpon the West first the Ocean betwixt the riuer Eydore and the Rhijn then the Rhijn from the mouth or fall thereof vnto about Colen parting them from France vpon the East first a line from Stargard vpon the sea Balticke drawne vnto the Elb about Hamburg then the Elb from about Hamburg vnto the meeting of that riuer with the Saltza then the Saltza together seuering them from the Sclaâ—es Winithi and vpon the South the Thuringians now Duringen and Hessen They contained nowe the Dukedomes of Holstein Wagerland excepted of Brunswijck and Lâ—nenburg the Bishops of Bremen Ferden Hildesheim Halberstat and Meydburg the Earledome of Mansfeldt the old Marches of Brandenburg Westphalia the two Freislandts and Over-Ysel with parts of Gelderlanâ—t and Hollandt They were divided into 4 distinct nations or parts of the Saxons beyond the Elb comprehended betwixt that riuer the Ocean and the rivers Eydore and Trave and containing now Holstein of the Ostphali contained betwixt the Elb the Ocean and the riuers Weser and Saâ—tza and containing now the fiue Bishopricks before mentioned and the Dukedomes of Brunswijck and Lunenburg of the Angriuarij coasting along the South-west shore of the Weser now the part of Westpâ—alia where lie the townes of Wildehusen Minden Hervorden Lâ—â—gow Osenburg Diepholt Soest Waldes Arnsbâ—rg with Surland in the diocese of Colen of the Westphali now the rest of moderne Westphalia extended vnto the Rhâ—â— coÌ„preheÌ„ding now the Dukedome of Bergâ—Ì„ the Earledome of Marck Tremond Wesel Embrick Zutphen Relinghâ—seâ— Benthem Mâ—ster with others After sundry revolts from vnder the French by which nation vnder their princes Clâ—tarius Charles Mâ—â—tel Carlomâ—n Pepin they had divers timeâ— before beene vanquished and made tributarie they were at length after 35. yeares warre vtterly subdued by the Emperour Charles the Great and reâ—â—ced into a French province or Dukedome the title whereof remaineth vnto this day By the Emperour Henry the first and the succeeding princes of the house and nation of the Saxons the Winithi or Sclaves lying beyond the rivers Elb and Saltza where now are Meissen Lâ—usnitz Brandenburg Mecklenburg Lewenburg Pomeren were conquered or otherwise added vnto this name and accompt peopled with their language and colonies Henry surnamed the Lion Duke of Saxony and Bavaria being proscribed by the Emperour Fredericke Barbarossa the whole broke into sundry lesser states and goverments the chiefe whereof and which remaine vnto this day are the Dukedomes of Brunswijck Lunenburg Holstein Westphalen Clâ—ve and Bergen of whose beginnings successions and conâ—â—â—ance together with the Dukedoâ—e Electorship entitl'd of Saxony although now lying without the bounds of the ancient wee will speake inordâ—â— The ELECTORSHIP DVKEDOME of SAXONY This Dukedome was first begun by the Emperour Charles the Great after his conquest of the Saxons ordering the subdued country hereof into a province thus stiled The first Duke was Witichind king of this nation during their warres with Charles the Great appointed by this Emperour After other Bruno was the first Duke brother vnto Witichind From Bruno Fabritius deriveth the succeeding Dukes in manner following Luitulphus the first sonne to Bruno Bruno the second sonne to Luitulphus the first He dyed sans issue Otho the first brother to Bruno the second Henry the first surnamed the Fowler sonne to Otho the first The house of France and of Charles the Great being extinguished in Conrade the first he was elected Emperour of the Romanes and king of Germany continuing for a time in his posterity During the raigne of the Emperours of the house of Saxony this Dukedome or country was divided amongst sundry lesser princes whereof all did beare this title amongst whom was Berâ—ard Duke of Saxony Engern and Westphalen and Lord of Lunenburg created Electour of the Empire by the Emperour Otho the third Bernard Duke of Saxony Engern and Westphalen and Lord of Lunenburg first Electour of the Empire of the Dukes and house of Saxony From this Bernard the Duke Electours of Saxony haue beene continued as followeth Bernard the second Electour and Duke of Saxony sonne to Bernard the first Ordulphus sonne to Bernard the second Magnus sonne to Ordulphus Taking part with Rodulph Duke of Schwaben against the Emperour Henry the 4 he was taken prisoner and deprived of all his dignities the last Duke Elector of Saxonie of the house of Bernard Lotharius the first Earle of Supplinburg and Arnsperg created Electour and Duke of Saxonie by the Emperour Henry the first After the decease of the Emperour Henry the fift hee was made Roman Emperour and king of the Germans Henry the first surnamed the Proud Duke of Bavaria created Duke Electour of Saxonie by the Emperour Lotharius his father in law whose daughter Gertrude he had married proscribed by the Emperour Conrade Henry the second surnamed the Lion sonne to Henry the first He marryed vnto Maude daughter to Henry the second king of England besides the ancient Saxonie which excepting Holstein and what the Bishops possessed he almost wholy enioyed Lord of both Bavariaes and of the parts beyond the Elb where now lye the Dukedomes of Mecklenburg and Lawenburg conquered by him from the Winithi the greatest of all the German Princes before and almost since his time Forsaking the Emperour Frederick Barbarossa excommunicated by the Pope at the seige of Alexandria in the Dukedome of Milan he was proscribed by him and depriued of all his dignities and possessions Brunswijck and Lunenburg excepted restored vpon his reconciliation at the mediation of his father in law the king of England the occasion of those Dukedomes After this proscription the country of Saxonie vntill
this time for the most part continuing entire and vnder one became scattered as hath beene before related into sundry lesser peeces and names Brunswijck and Lunenburg being erected into the Dukedomes before mentioned Westphalia vsurped by Philip Bishop of Colen whose successours still hold the title of Dukes hereof the parts beyond the Weser by Bernard Bishop of Paderborn the Palatinate of Saxonie by Herman Lantgraue of Duringen Lubeck being annexed to the Empire and other parts otherwise carried Bernard the third descended of the familie of Anhalt sonne to Albertus Vrsus Marquesse of Brandenburg created Duke Electour of Saxonie by the Emperour Fredericke Barbarossa after the proscription of Henry the second surnamed the Lion He had the towne and little country of Wittenberg given vnto him by the Emperour Conrade the third his seat and of sundry the succeeding Dukes which part although lying without the riuer Saltza and the bounds of the ancient hath since notwithstanding obtained the account name of Saxonie called now the Higher Saxonie Albert the first sonne to Bernard the third Albert the second sonne to Albert the first Rodulph the first sonne to Albert the second Rodulph the second sonne to Rodulph the first Wenceslaus brother to Rodulph the second Rodulph the third sonne to Wenceslaus He died without issue male Albert the third brother to Rodulph the third He deceased without issue in the yeare 1422 in whom ended the Duke Electours of Saxonie of the house of Anhalt Fredericke the first surnamed the warlike Lantgraue of Duringen Marquesse of Meissen and Count Palatine of Saxonie created Duke Electour of Saxonie by the Emperour Sigismond By this meanes after so many flittings the title and dignitâ—e of the Electours and Dukes of Saxonie hath become quite remoued out of the ancient and true Saxonie confined within Duringen Meissen and the country about Wittenberg the only possessions of the moderne Dukes Fredericke the second sonne to Fredericke the first Ernest the first sonne to Fredericke the second Fredericke the third sonne to Ernest the first Hee deceased vnmarried Iohn brother to Frederick the third and sonne to Ernest the first Iohn-Fredericke sonne to Iohn the first He was taken prisoner in the Protestants warres in the yeare 1547 by the Emperour Charles the fift by whom he was depriued of his Electourship conferred vpon Duke Maurice his Dukedome and patrimony yet continuing in his house Maurice Duke of Saxonie of a younger house sonne to Henry Duke of Saxony sonne to Albert brother to the Electour Ernest the first appointed Electour in the place of Iohn Fredericke by the Emperour Charles the fift He died without male issue Augustus Duke Electour of Saxony brother vnto Maurice Christian the first son to Augustus Christian the second sonne to Christian the first deceasing in the yeare 1611 without heires Iohn George brother to Christian the second Duke Electour of Saxonie in the yeare 1616. The DVKEDOME of BRVNSWIICK This was sometimes a part of the ancient Dukedome of Saxonie The Estate as before was occasioned by meanes of the proscription of Henry surnamed the Lion Duke of Saxonie and Bavaria who being depriued of all his large possessions and honours by the Emperour Fredericke Barbarossa and afterwards by the mediation of his father in law Henry the second king of England being againe reconciled vnto the Emperour had the two citties of Brâ—nswijck and Lunenburg with their countries restored vnto him which left by him vnto his sonnes William and Henry with the title of Earles were afterwards in their persons erected into Dukedomes by the Emperour Fredericke the second In memory of their English descent the Princes hereof and of Lunenburg haue still since borne the armes of the first Kings of England in their escotcheons which theÌ„ were only two Lions rampant The Princes followe Henry Earle of Brunswijck sonne to Henry surnamed the Lion Duke of Saxonie and Bavaria created afterwards Duke of Brunswijck by the Emperour Fredericke the second He deceased without issue male succeeded vnto by Otho son to his brother William Duke of Lunenburg Otho Duke of Lunenburg sonne to William Duke of Lunenburg and grand-child vnto Henry the Lion duke of Saxonie and Bavaria after the decease of his vncle Henry without issue male succeeding likewise in the Dukedome of Brunswijck by the gift of the Emperour Fredericke the second By lands partly bought and partly giuen vnto him by the Emperour Fredericke the second hee much augmented the dukedome hereof in circuit and revenues Albert the First sonne to Otho the first duke of Brunswijck His brother Iohn succeeded in the Dukedome of Lunenburg the two Dukedomes being againe divided Albert the second sonne to Albert the first His brother Henry succeeded in the part of this Dukedome lying beyond the wood Hartz called afterwards from the seat of the prince the Dukedome of Grubenhagen continued in his successours vnto Wolfang and Philip in whom the line was extinguished Magnus the first sonne to Albert the second Duke of Brunswijck Hee became also Duke of Lunenburg the house of Iohn brother to Albert the first being extinguished in Otho and William Magnus the second surnamed with the chaine Duke of Brunswijck and Lunenburg sonne to Magnus the first Henry Duke of Brunswijck and Lunenburg sonne to Magnus the second William Duke of Brunswijck and Lunenburg sonne to Henry Vpon composition made with his vncle Bernard sonne to Magnus the second he yeelded vp vnto him the Dukedome of Lunenburg continued in his posterity William Duke of Brunswijck sonne to William Henry Duke of Brunswijck sonne to William the second Henry Duke of Brunswijck sonne to Henry Iulius Duke of Brunswijck sonne to Henry the younger Henry Iulius sonne to Iulius Duke of Brunswijck Hee married vnto Elizabeth daughter to Frederick the second and sister vnto Christierne the fourth kings of Denmarke Fredericke-Vlric and Christian Administratour of Halberstat sonnes to Henricus Iulius and Elizabeth sister to Christian the fourth king of Denmarke The rest of the princes of this house stiled likewise Dukes of Brunswijck but not continuing the house their lines being extinguished in regard of their number and to avoid confusion wee haue purposely omitted which methode we will obserue in the orders of the rest of the German Princes The DVKEDOME of LVNENBVRG How this state was first begun and occasioned we haue shewed in the Dukedome of Brunswijck The order of the Princes continuing the house follow William first Earle of Lunenburg afterwards Duke sonne to Henry the Lion Duke of Saxony and Bavaria Otho Duke of Lunenburg son to William His vncle Henry deceasing without male he succeeded likewise in the Dukedome of Brunswijcke Iohn Duke of Lunenburg sonne to Otho Duke of Brunswijck and Lunenburg His brother Albert succeeded in Brunswijck the two Dukedomes againe divided Otho Duke of Lunenburg sonne to Iohn Otho and William Dukes of Lunenburg sonnes to Otho the Elder They both deceased without issue male by which meanes after the custome of Germany
the Rhijn Lewis the first Duke of Bavaria son to Otho Otho the second son to Lewis the first Marrying vnto Gertrude sole daughter vnto Henry Count Palatine of the Rhijn he added to his house the Palatinat Electorship of the Rhijn created Paltzgraue and Electour by the Emperour Fredericke the second Henry Duke of Bavaria and Count Palatine of the Rhijn sonne to Otho the second Lewis the second Duke of Bavaria and Count Palatine of the Rhijn sonne to Otho the second and brother vnto Henry Lewis the third Duke of Bavaria sonne to Lewis the second Hee was elected Roman Emperour and deceased in the yeare 1347. His elder brother Rodulph had for his share the Palatinate of the Rhijn and Nortgow or the vpper Palatinate together with the title of Electour the founder of the house of the present Paltzgraues and Electours Stephen Duke of Bavaria sonne to the Emperour Lewis of Bavaria His brothers William and Albert were successiuely Earles of Haynault Hollandt and Zealandt and Lords of West-Frieselandt Lewis another brother succeeded in the Marquisate and the Electourall dignity of Brandenburg Stephen of Ingolstadt Iohn of Munchen and Fridericke of Landshut named thus from such parts of the Dukedome they possessed Dukes of Bavaria sonnes to Stephen the first Ernest Duke of Bavaria son to Iohn of Munchen Albert surnamed the Godly sonne to Ernest. Albert the second son to Albert the first William sonne to Albert the second Albert the third sonne to William William sonne to Albert the third Maximilian and Albert sonnes to William the second Dukes of Bavaria in the yeare 1610. The rest of those who haue borne the title of Dukes of Bavaria and haue deceased without issue or not continued the house in regard of our promised methode wee omit Hereof were sometimes parts the Dukedomes of Steirmark Karnten and Earledome of Tirol with part of Austria whose relations follow THE DVKEDOME OF AVSTRIA THis State was first occasioned vpon the warres of the Hungarians who vexing Germanie with continuall excursions and alarums during the raignes of the Emperours Lewis the fourth Conrade Henry the first were the cause that there were ordained by these Princes in the border of the Empire betwixt this enimie and the Bavarians certaine limitary prefects to defend that frontiere from Oosten-reich or the Easterne kingdome by which name Germany was then distinguished from France of whose limit they were Guardians called then the Marquesses of Oosten-reich and by Latin writers corruptly Austrasia and Austria becomming afterwards haereditary and deriving this their title and name to the country now thus called accruing vnto them by their conquests and winnings from the Hungarians and by their after encroachments vpon the Dukes of Bavaria Vnto the Princes of this familie the most potent at this day through the Christian world are now subiect the Kingdomes of Spaine of the Indies Naples Sicilie Bohemia and Hungary the great Dukedomes of Milan Schlesi Steirmarke Karnten and Krain the Marquisates of Lausnitz and Marheren the Earledomes of Burgundie and Tirol Brisgow Sungâ—w the vpper Elsatz the greatest part of the Low Countries together with the kingdome of Germanie and the Empire of the Romans They were first as before stiled Marquesses then Dukes and now lastly Archdukes Their order and succession follow Leopold surnamed the illustrious sonne to Henry Earle of Bamberg descended from the Dukes of Schwaben the first Marquesse of Austria deriving the title and honour hereof to his ofspring and posterity the former after the custome of those times being only but such Leiftenants or Deputies of the Emperours created by the Emperour Henry the first about the yeare 928. Henry the first sonne to Leopold the Illustrious Albert sonne to Henry the first Ernest sonne to Albert. Leopold the second sonne to Ernest. Leopold the third sonne to Leopold the second Leopold the fourth sonne to Leopold the third Henry the second sonne to Leopold the fourth Marquesse of Austria and Duke of Bavaria He was the first Duke of Austria and added to the name and account hereof the country betwixt the rivers Ens and Inn giuen vnto him by the Emperour Fredericke Barbarossa in lieu of the Dukedome of Bavaria adiudged from him vnto Henry surnamed the Lion Duke of Saxonie Leopold the fift Duke of Austria brother to Henry and sonne to Leopold the fourth Hee most iniuriously detained prisoner Richard the first king of England in his voyage homewards out of the Holy Land suffering shipwrack vpon the coast of Istria and surprised travelling disguised through his country Hee added to the house of Austria the Dukedome of Steirmark purchased from Ottacarus the last Duke with the mony gotten by the ransome of the king of England Fredericke the first Duke of Austria sonne to Leopold the fift His elder brother Leopold succeeded in the Dukedome of Steirmarck He deceased without heires of his body Leopold the sixt eldest sonne to Leopold the fift and brother to Fredericke the first Duke of Austria and Steirmarck Fredericke the second Duke of Austria and Steirmarck sonne to Leopold the sixt Hee deceased sans issue in whom failed the line masculine of Leopold the Illustrious the two Provinces of Austria and Steirmarck becomming after this vsurped by stranger families Ottocarus sonne to Wenceslaus the first king of Bohemia by the pretended right of his wife Margaret daughter to Leopold the sixt succeeding in both Dukedomes Hee became likewise seazed of the countries of Karnten Krain and Marca Trevisana sold by Vlric their last Prince Overmatched by the greater power of the Emperour Rodulph the first hee quitted vnto him and the Empire all these his new got possessions vpon a new quarrell not long after slaine by him in battle at the riuer of Marckh Rodulph the first Emperour of the Romans and king of Germany by right of warre of the Empire Lord of Austria Steirmarck Karnten Krain and Marca Trevisana gotten from Ottocarus In the yeare 1283 by consent of the estates of the Empire assembled in a Diet at Auspurg hee divided these countries and other his hereditary possessions amongst his two sonnes Albert Rodulph and Meinard Earle of Tirol his brother in law whereof Albert the elder brother had Austria Steirmarck and Krain Rodulph Argow the vpper Elsatz and other peeces in Schwaben the proper inheritance of the house of Habspurg with the title of Duke of Schwaben and Meinard Karnten and Marca Trevifana Albert the first eldest sonne to the Emperour Rodulph the first Duke of Austria Steirmarck and Krain of the familie of Habsping created in the yeare 1283. After the decease of his father hee was elected Emperour of the Romans and king of Germanie Hee was slaine by Iohn sonne to his brother Rodulph Duke of Schwaben whose guardian hee had beene in his minoritie discontented with him for detaining his inheritance from him Rodulph created the first Archduke in a Diet held at Nurenberg Frederick the third Leopold the seauenth Henry the third Otho surnamed the
and Charles the Simple the onely left legitimate issue of Charles the Bald being then young and vnfit to governe he got seazed of Italy and the Roman Empire the title still afterwards continuing in his successours Forsaken and deposed by his inconstant nobility hee died in extreame want and misery in the greater Augia neere Constance a memorable example of the incertitude of this transitory and earthly happinesse succeeded vnto by Arnulph Arnulph Emperour of the Romans and King of Germany naturall sonne to Carloman brother to the Emperour Charles the Fat Lewis Emperour of the Romans and king of Germany sonne to Arnulph He deceased without issue Conrade the first sonne to Conrade brother to Lewis the last Emperour of the Romans and king of Germany of the house of Charles the Great He deceased in the yeare 919. Henry the first surnamed the Fowler Duke of Saxonie by the choise of the Dutch and the assignement of Conrade the first elected Emperour of the Romans and king of Germany the Caroline line here being extinguished and that succeeding in France being excluded as strangers Otho the first surnamed the Great sonne to Henry the first Emperour of the Romans and king of Germany Otho the second sonne to Otho the first Otho the third sonne to Otho the second Wanting heires and for prevention of all future claime of the French and Italians by the aid and authority of Pope Gregory the fift a Dutchman and of the cittizens of Rome hee made the Empire of the Romans and the kingdome of Germany to bee perpetually electiue and entailed them vpon the German nation After this Prince the state hath ever since for the space of 627 yeares remained electiue continued chiefly in foure Dutch families of Franconia Suevia Lutzenburg and Austria where now it resteth He died in the yeare 1000. Henry the second Duke of Bavaria the first elected Emperour of the Romans and king of Germany Conrade the second Duke of Franconia Henry the third sonne to Conrade the second Henry the fourth sonne to Henry the third Falling out with and excommunicated by the Popes hee was lastly by their curse depriued of all imperiall and kingly dignitie his sonne Henry the fift authorized and set vp against him dying afterwards in great distresse and poverty Henry the fift the vnnaturall sonne of Henry the fourth the last Emperour of the Romans and king of Germany of the house of Franconia after long quarrells with the Popes deceasing in the yeare 1124. Lotharius the second Duke of Saxonie Emperour of the Romans and king of Germanie He deceased in the yeare 1137. Conrade the third Emperour of the Romans and king of Germany sonne to Frederick surnamed the Ancient Duke of Suevia Fredericke the first surnamed Barbarossa Duke of Suevia sonne to Frederick with the one eye brother to the Emperour Conrade the third Henry the sixt sonne to Frederick Barbarossa Philip Duke of Suevia brother to Henry the sixt slaine by Otho Count Palatine Otho the fourth sonne to Henry surnamed the Lion Duke of Saxony and Bavaria chosen Emperour of the Romans and king of Germany against Philip by the contrary faction of Pope Innocent the third enimieâ— the house of Suevia after the decease of Philip crowned at Rome Excommunicated shortly after through the inconstancy and iniury here of he became forsaken and depriued of all dying in a private state at Brunswijck in the yeare 1218. Frederick the second Duke of Suevia sonne to the Emperour Henry the sixt in the yeare 1212 chosen against Otho the fourth after long warres and contention with the Popes deceasing in the yeare 1251 the last Emperour of the Romans and king of Germany of the house of Suevia During the raigne hereof beginne the faction of the Guelphes and Gibelines amongst the Italians whereof these later sided for the Emperours the other for the Popes occasioned by the quarrells hereof the side of the Popes through the power and authority of that sea at length prevailing and the Emperours quite dispossessed of Italy the title onely remaining William Earle of Holland elected Emperour of the Romanes and king of Germany during the raigne of the Emperour Fredericke the second thorough the authority of the sea of Rome and the immense charge of Pope Innocent the Fourth enimie to Fredericke the second He was slaine the yeare 1257 in his warres against the rebellious Frisâ—â—s Richard Earle of Cornewall brother to Henry the third king of England and Alphonso the tenth king of Castille and Leon chosen Emperours of the Romanes and kings of Germany by their factions the Electours being divided Râ—dâ—lph the first Earle of Habspâ—rg after long disorder and vacancie in the yeare 1273 chosen by the ioint consent of the Electours the founder of 〈…〉 family of Austria and the first Emperour of the Romanes and king of Germany of that house Albert the first Duke of Austria sonne to the Emperour Rodulph the first and Adâ—lph Earle of Nassâ—â— chosen one against the other Albert prevailing by whom Adolph was slaine in battaile Henry the seaventh Earle of Lâ—â—zeâ—burg elected after the decease of Albert. Lewis the fift Duke of Bavaria elected Emperour of the Romanes and king of Germanie opposed by Fredericke Arch-duke of Austria Charles the fourth king of Bohemia and son to the Emperour Henry the seaventh elected during the raigne of the Emperour Lewis excommunicated by the Popes Iohn the two and twentieth Benedict the tenth and Clement the sixt thorough the authority hereof After the decease of Lewis being againe disliked by the Electours Edwarde the 3 d king of England is designed who refusing the Empire as did afterwardes Fredericke Lantgraue of Duringen Gunther Earle of Schwartzenburg is elected dying shortly after vnto whom he againe succeeded for the space of 33 yeares By this prince in the yeare 1356 the Golden Bull was ordained containing the maner of chusing the Emperours Wenceslaus king of Bohemia son to the Emperour Charles the fourth deposed for his floth and many other vices Fredericke Duke of Brunswijck elected after Wenceslaus slaine shortly after at Frislar by the teason of the Bishop of Meâ—tâ— Rupert Count Palatine of the Rhijn He made warre in Italie for the recovery of that province but with vnfortunate successe that Italians every where now shaking of the yoake of the Empire favoured by the Popes iealous of the neighbourhood and greatnesse of the Germanes Iodocur Marques of Moravia vncle to Wenceslaus elected after Rupert His raigne was but short not lasting fullie six moneths Sigismond king of Hungarie and Bohemia son to the Emperour Charles the fourth and brother to Wenceslaus the last Emperour of the Romanes and king of Germany of the house of Lutzenburg He deceased in the yeare 1437. Albert the second Archduke of Austria and king of Hungary and Bohemia son in law to the Emperour Sigismond From this prince the house of Austria haue ever since possessed the Imperiall and Royall Diademe Fredericke the third Archduke of Austria Emperour of the Romanes
of was S. Willehade an Englishman the Apostle of those more Northerne parts of Saxonie The country is subiect to the Lay Bishops or Administratours of Bremen The more ancient inhabitants were the Chauci Maiores of Ptolemie afterwards part of the Saxons Ostphalians THE COVNTRY OF LVNENBVRG LYing betwixt the riuers Elb and Alre and bounded vpon the West with the Diocese of Bremen vpon the North with the Elb and the Dukedome of Lawenburg vpon the East with the Olde Marches of Brandenbrg and vpon the South with the Dukedome of Brunswijck The country is plaine the aire sharpe and healthfull and the soile fruitfull the part adjoyning to the Old Marches of Brandenburg excepted The chiefe towne is Lunenburg standing in a square forme vpon the riuer Elmenow one of the six prime Hanse-townes large populous and adorned with faire buildings containing six Parishes a mile and a halfe in length and about a mile in breadth whose chiefest truck and commoditie is falt made here in great abundance from the Salt-springs bought vp by the Hamburgers and Lubecers and from thence transported abroad The country belongeth to the Dukes of Lunenburg being of the same house with Brunswijck desended from Henry surnamed the Lion and the more ancient Dukes of Saxonie The more ancient inhabitants were parts of the Cherusci and Chauci of Tacitus THE COVNTRY OF BRVNSWIICK COntained betwixt the riuers Alre and the Weser It hath the Dukedome of Lunenburg vpon the North vpon the East the Diocese of Meydburg and the Earledome of Mansfeldt vpon the South Duringen and Hessen and vpon the West and Weser and Westphalen The South and East parts towards Hessen Duringen and Mansfeldt swell with woodie Mountaines and hills parts of the ancient Hercynian called now Hundsrucke Hartzwald Hainsette and by other names The Northern and more proper Brunswijck is more plaine exceedingly fruitfull for corne and all other commodities which the colder clime is well capable of Chiefer townes are Grubenhagen From hence the Dukes of Brunswijck of Grubenhagen were stiled Goslar a towne Imperiall vpon the riuer Gose. Halberstat Hildesheim Bishops seas Quedelburg occasioned by the rich Nunnery thus called whose Abbatesse was sometimes Princesse of the Empire The towne now is subiect to the house of Saxonie Brunswijck vpon the river Onacter the chiefe of the country and one of the six chiefe Hanse-townes The towne is large containing about seauen miles in compasse faire populous and strongly fortified encompassed with a double wall peopled with industrious and stout inhabitants iealous of their liberty and gouerned in manner of a free estate held vnder the right of the Princes The greatest part of the country is subiect to the Dukes of Brunswijck The more ancient inhabitants were the Dulgibini of Tacitus with part of the Chauci Maiores of Ptolemie afterwards part of the Saxons Ostphalians THE DIOCESE OF MEYDENBVRG EXtended vpon both sides of the riuer Elb betwixt the Marquisate of Brādenburg and the proper Saxonie The chiefe towne is Meydenburg an Archbishops sea and naming the country seated vpon the left shore of the Elb built or rather reedified by Edith wife vnto the Emperour Henry the first and daughter to Edmund King of England and named thus in honour of her sexe The Towne is of great State large faire and strongly fortified famous in the Protestants warres for a whole yeares siege which it sustained against the Emperour Charles the Fift amongst the Protestant states remaining onely vnconquerable the rest being subdued to the will of that mighty Prince The country is subject to the Lay Bishops or Administratours of Meydenburg of the house now of Brandenburg The more ancient inhabitants were the Lacobardi of Tacitus part afterwards of the Saxons Ostphalians The countries hitherto from Mecklenburg are accompted the parts of the Lower Saxony and containe the ninth circle of the Empire FREISLANDT THe name is at this day enlarged along the shore of the Germane Ocean from the Zuyder Zee parting the same from Hollandt vnto the riuer Weser It containeth the West and the East-Freislandts OOST-FREISLANDT COntinued betwixt the riuer Eems and the Weser and bounded vpon the other sides with the Ocean and the land of West-phalen The country is plaine and exceedingly populous the soile fat rich in corne and pasturages Chiefer townes are Aurich a rich and pleasant inland towne much frequented by the Frison nobility in regard of the commodity of hunting in the adioyning woods and forrests Embden vpon the Dollaert or the mouth of the Eems a noted port and Empory the chiefe towne and the seat of the prince residing here in a magnificent and strong castle seated at the entrance of the hauen environed with sea-waters Here not long since was the staple for Germany of the English Merchant-adventurers removed since to Stadt and Hamburg The country belongeth to the Earles of Oost-Freistandt The ancient inhabitants were the Chauci Minores of Ptolemy of later times through the neighbourhood of that nation lying vpon the farther side of the Eems falsely named Frisons WEST-FREISLANDT THis belongeth to the description of the Netherlandts accompted now amongst the 17 provinces thereof WESTPHALEN COntaining the parts of the ancient Saxony which were included betwixt the riuers Weser and Rhijn the two Freislandts Over-ysel and the parts hereof in Hollandt and Gelderlandt excepted It is bounded vpon the North with Oost-Freislandt and the Diocese of Bremen vpon the East with the Weser and the Dukedome of Brunswijck vpon the South with the Land of Hessen and vpon the West with the Rhijn from the Diocese of Colen and with Clevelandt Over-ysel and West-Freislandt The aire is sharpe and colde The soile generally is fruitfull rather in pasturages and in commodities seruing for the fatting of beasts then for the nourishment of man apples nuts akomes and sundry sorts of wilde fruits wherewith amongst other kindes infinite heards of Swine are fed whose bacon is much commended and desired in forraine parts The most firtill parts for corne are about the Lippe Paderborn and Soest The most desert and barren those adioining to the Weser Surlandt and the Dukedome of Bergen are hilly and full of woods The Diocese of Munster yeeldeth the best pasturages Chiefer townes are Duseldorp vpon the right shore of the Rhijn in the Dukedome of Bergen In the country of Marck Vnna Dortmund and Soest Paderborn a Bishops sea Munster a Bishops sea seated in a plaine vpon the riuer Eems The towne hath beene made very strong since the surprisall thereof by the Anabaptists It belongeth to the Bishops thus stiled Mynden a Bishops sea vpon the Weser Osenburg a Bishops sea Of these the Dukedome of Bergen and the Earledome of Marck appertaine to the Marques of Brandenburg and the Duke of Nuburg the heires generall of the house of Cleue Engern and Surland belong vnto the Bishops of Colen who are titulary Dukes of Westphalen The rest is divided amongst
vnder his goverment into one entire kingdome by the name of Burgundie But because all the Provinces were soveraigne and had their severall lawes priviledges and revenues neither had euer granted to their Princes any other then limited power this project tooke none effect In the raigne of Philip the second king of Spaine heire of the house of Burgundie and in the yeare 1566 begun those memorable ciuill broiles so long afflicting those rich and flourishing countries continued with the spoile and ransacking of all their chiefe townes and citties much bloodshed and vnspeakable misery and calamity for aboue the space of 40 yeares during the Regencies of Margaret Dutchesse of Parma Fernando Alvares de Toledo Duke of Alva Lewis Requeseims great Commendador of Castille Don Iohn d' Austria naturall sonne to the Emperour Charles the Fift Alexander Fernese Prince of Parma and Ernest Count Mansselt deputies and Leâ—uftenants hereof and after the decease of that king and the assignment of the Netherlands vnto the Archdukes Albert and Isabella vntill the yeare 1609 occasioned first vpon pretence of the violation of their priviledges by the erecting of new Bishoppricks and attempting to bring in the Spanish Inquisition and afterwards through the harshnesse of some of the Spanish governours the insolencie and rapine of their souldiers the naturall hatred of the people against strangers and impatiency of forraine subjection the stiffnesse of the Prince in opposing the Reformed Religion and maintaining the authority and rites of the sea of Rome his pretended many injuries oppression tyranny in the yeare 1581 breaking out into manifest and open revolt of the most part of the Provinces renouncing vtterly their faith and allegiance herevnto offering their subjection and soueraigntie to neighbouring Princes refused by Henry the third French King and Elizabeth Queene of England the issue of all which was Brabant and Flanders regained by armes and better moderation the libertie of Hollandt Zealandt Vtreicht Over-ysel Gelderlandt Zutphen West-Freislandt and Groningen better assured by their seas and marishes and the advantage of their shipping protected and aided by the English during the raigne of the late Queene of famous memory for their stronger defence and more firme vnion amongst themselues ioyned and confederate together in a strict league since from hence famously called the Vnited Provinces in the yeare 1609 after long vnprofitable warre treated withall and acknowledged as free countries by Philip the third king of Spaine and the Archdukes yet notwithstanding some contradiction with reservation of their rights herevnto in which qualitie and separation although the truce of 12 yeares being expired the warres are again renewed they still to this day remaine By meanes hereof Netherlandt is now become diuided into two different parts and as it were Common-wealths the Provinces subject to the Princes of the house of Burgundie and Austria and those other of the Free confederate States THE PROVINCES OF NETHERLANDT SVBIECT TO THE PRINCES THese also in the beginning of the tumults rebelled with the rest recovered by force of armes and better moderation of their governours They confine vpon the East with the districts of Gulick Luick and Trier in Germany vpon the South with Lorraine and Champaigne and Picardie in France vpon the North-West with the German Ocean vpon the North with the Free vnited Provinces They containe 9 of the 17 Provinces and 7 maine countries of Limburg Luxemburg Namur Haynault Artois Flanders and Brabant in which last the Provinces of Mechlin and of the Marquisate of the Sacred Empire are included THE COVNTRY OF LIMBVRG SItuated betwixt the Bishoppricke of Luyck Gulich land and the Dukedome of Luxemburg The soile is fruitefull for all needefull commodities wines excepted Limburg the chiefe towne is pleasantly seated amongst shadie woods full of medicinable simples vpon an high hill vnder which runneth the river Wesdo defended with a strong Castle mounted vpon a steepe and precipitious rocke Amidst the shades thickets of the great forrest of Ardenne about two Dutch miles and an halfe from hence in the Diocese of Luick lyeth the famous borough and water of the Spa. Here are reckned some fiue walled townes and 125 boroughs and villages The ancient inhabitants seeme to haue beene part of the Eburones of Caesar. THE DVKEDOME OF LVXEMBVRG BOunded vpon the North with Luyck and Namur vpon the East with the Moselle and the district of Trier vpon the South with Eorraine and vpon the West with Eyfel and the riuer Meuse The country is hilly and shaded with thicke woods remainders of the great forest Ardenne The soile is fruitfull The more hilly and woodland part retaineth yet the name of Ardenne stored with plenty of all manner of game Here are accompted 23 walled townes and 1168 burroughs and villages Chiefer townes are Theon-ville a strong frontire place seated vpon the Moselle neere vnto Metz and the border of Lorraine Rode-Macheren Greven-Macheren neere vnto Trier Echternach Dechry both situated vpon the riuer Saur Vianden Nueburg Lutzenburg vnequally seated in a plaine and vpon the brow and top of a rising hill divided by the riuer Alsaltz the chiefe towne of the country Arlon vpon the top of an high hill Bastoigne Neuf-chastelle Mont-medy Marville Dampvillers The ancient inhabitants were part of the Treveri NAMVR LYing betwixt Brabant Haynault and the district of Triers The country swelleth with woodie hills enioying a sweete and pleasant aire and affording plenty of all necessary commodities Herein are contained 4 walled townes and 184 villages Chiefer townes are Bouignes vpon the Meuse Namur a Bishops sea and the chiefe towne of the country seated in a vallie betwixt two hils or mountaines on both sides of the riuer Sambre at what place this entreth into the Meuse The citty is rich and adorned with faire buildings and fortified with a strong and well furnished Castle or Citadel The ancient inhabitants seeme to haue beene part of the Nervij of Caesar. HAYNALT BOunded vpon the East with Namur and Luick vpon the South with Champaigne and vpon the West and North with Flanders The country is hillie and full of shady woods like vnto the parts before described The soile is very fruitfull abounding in come Here are numbred 24 walled townes and citties and 950. burrowes and villages Chiefer townes are Charlemont vpon the toppe of an high hill vnder which runneth the Meuse Marieburg Philippe-ville strong frontire places opposed against the French and named thus from their founders the Emperour Charles the fift Mary Queene of Hungary and Philip the second king of Spaine Avesnes vpon the riuer Hepre a strong towne affronting the same enimie Chimay seated amongst woods vpon the riuer Blanc Landresy vpon the Sambre Malbuge vpon the Sambre Beaumont vpon the same riuer Binche Halle famous for the image of the blessed Virgin and the impostures and fained miracles there done Bergen seated vpoÌ„ a little rivulet named Trulle The citty is large and strongly fortified rich
l. 3. v. T. Livij Hist. Rom. li. 5. 38. Iustini Hist. lib. 20. 24. Plutarchum in vitâ Furij Camilli Pli. Nat. Hist. lib. 3. c. 1. c. Cornelium Tacitum de moribus Germanorum de Boiis Beati Rhenani Rerum Germanicarum li. 1. 2. de Boioarijs * v. infra a Bauldwin Earle of Flanders Emperour of Constantinopl c. b William the Conquerour D of Normandye K of England c. c Henry of Lortaine first Earle of Portugall c. d Charles Duke of Aniou King of Naples and Scicily c. e Charles Martel K. of Hungary sonne to Charles the Lame K. of Naples descended from Charles D. of Aniou etc. f Guy of Lusignan king of Hierusalem afterwards of Ciprus by the guift of Richard the first K. of England g Godfrey of Buillon D. of Lorraine and king of Hierusalem etc. h v. Ant. Mag. Geog. in Gal. lia c. * v. C. Iul. Caes. com Belli Gall. lib. 6. c. 8 9. c. a Euseb. Eccl. Hist. l. 3. c. 4. b Baron Annal Eccl. Anno Christi 118. c v. P. Ber. Co. Rerum Germ. lib. 3. d Magdeburg Cent. 1. l. 2. c. 2. e Baron Ann. Eccles. Ann. Christi 95. f Euseb. Eccl. Hist. l. 5. c. 1. g v. P. Orâ—s lib. 7. cap. 19. h v. suprà i The French Aunals k Ibidem l Ibidem m Marian. de Rebus Hispan l. 12. c. 1. n Confession Wald. per Balt. Lydium o Ioach. Cam. de frat Orth. Ecclesijs c. * v. Laâ— description gouernement des Respubliques du Monde par Gabriel Chappuyâ— en France a Les Recherches de la Fran. par Estienne Pasquiet * v. Les Antiquitez Recherches de France par Andre du Chesne * v. L. Histoire de France par Bernard de Girard Seigneur du Haillan en le Roy Pharamond les Recherches de France par Estienne Pasquier a En la terre Salique aucune portion de l' haereditè nè vienne à la femme L. Histoire de France par Barnard de Girard Seigneur du Haâ—llan en le Roy Pharamond * 〈◊〉 in frâ— * v. C. lul Caes. Comment belli Gallici lib. 1. c. 3. lib. 7. cap. 4. Ptol. Geog. l. 2. cap. 7. 8. 9. Histoire de Lyon par Claude de Rubys Pauli Merulae Cosm. p. 2. l. 3. c. 4. a Iurassus Clau. Ptolomaei b Rhodanus Caesar Comm. belli Gallic lib. 1. c. 3. c. Araris Caesar. Com. bel Gall. â—â—b 1. c. 4. c. Isara Ptol. lib. c. 10. Druentia Pt. â—â—b 2. c. 10. f Gatumna Cae. â—om bel Gall. â—â—b 1. c. 1. c. g Ligeris Caes. Com. bel Gal. â—â—b 7. cap. 5. c. Sequana Caes. Com. bel Gal. â—â—b 1. c. 1. c. Matrona Caes. Com. bel Gal. â—â—b 1. c. 1. Tabuda Ptol. â— 2. cap. 9. Scalâ—is Caesar. Com. â—el Gal. l. 6. cap. 2. Plin. â—at Hist. li. 4. c. 7. Sabis Caes. Co. â—el Gal. l. 5. c. 8. m Mosa Caesar. Com. bel Gal. â—â—b 5. c. 8. a Gallia Caesar Com c. Celtogalatia Ptol. Geog. l. 2 c. 7. * v. Livii Hist. l. â— Plutarch in vit Furii Camilli Claud. Marcelli C. Plin Nat. hist. lib. 3. c. 15. l. 4. c. 17. Eutrop. lib. 3. hist. Rom. Carolum Sigonium in Fastos Triumphos Consulares Iacobi Dalechampii Annotationes in lib. 3. c. 15. in lib. 4. c. 17. C. Plinii Nat. hist. b Quod placidiot esset Romano vestitu vteretur Iacobi Dalechampij Annot in l. 4. c. 17 Plin. Nat. Hist. Dionis l. 46. c Gallos traditur famâ dulcedine fruguÌ„ maximeque vini novâ cum voluptate captos Alpes transâ—jsse agrosque ab Hetruscis antea cultos possedisse T. Liv. hist. l. 5. d Rubicon hÃc fluvius quondam Italâ—ae finis C. Plin. Nat hist. l. 3. c. 15. Rubicon fluvius labitur inter Ariminum Casennam fluitque in Adriaticum mare Circa originem Rucon vel Rugon vocant cum longius provectus est mare versus Pisciatello Iacobi Dalechampii in Pli. Nat. hist. lib. 3. c. 15. Annotationes * Strab. Geog. l. 4. Claud. Ptolem l. 2. c. 7. etâ— * v. T. Livii Hist Rom. l. 5. Caij Iul. Caes. comment bel Gallici Strab. Geog. l. 4. Luc. Flori hist. Rom l. 3. c. 2. Herodoti Clio. * v. T. Liâ— Epitom l. 61 Lu. Flor. Hist Rom. lib. 3. c. 2. Strab Geog. li. 4. Caij Iu. Caes. Com. Bel. Gal. Pomp. Mel l. 3. Plut. in vuâ Iu. Caesaris Plin. Nat. Hist. lib. 4. c. 17 Am. Marcelliniâ— lib. 15. Cassiod Chro. Imperatoâ—bus Honor. et Theodosio Sigonium in Fastos Triumphos Romanorum Iacobi Dalechampij Annotat in li. 4. c. 17. N. Hist. Plinij a Comata Plin. Nat. Hist. l. 4. c. 17. Comata quorum populi Belgae Aquitani et Celtae Pomp. Mel. li. 3. Comata sic appellata quòd incolae studiosius comam alerent Iacob Dalechampij in l. 4. c. 17. Plin. Annotationes * v. C. Iul. Caesar. Com. Bel. Gall. lib. 1. c. 1. Strab. Geog. l. 4. Plin. Nat. Hist. l. 3. c. 5. l. 4. c. 17. a Ante Augustum Aquitania inter Garumnam fluvium contenta item in tres partes devisa Gallia Belgicam Celticam Aquitaniam Augustus Caesar in 4. partes Galliam devisit ita vt Celtas Narbonensi Provinciae tribueret Aquitanos eosdem cum lulio faceret ijsque auctis decem alias gentes intra Garumnam Ligerim inhabitantes reliquum in duas partes tribueret vnamque Lugduno adâ—ungeret vsque ad superiora Rheni alteram Belgis Strab. Geog. lib. 4. * v. Clau. Pt. Geog. l. 2. c. 7. Strab. l. 4. Pl. Nat. Hist. lib. 4. c. 19. Pomp. Mâ—l l. 3. Caes. Comm. Bel. Gall. l. 7. c. 2. 3. 4. 28. 32. Interpretationes Montani Petri Birtij in Ptol. Geog. lib. 2. c. 7. b Aquitani vnde nomen Provinciae Plin. N. Hist. lib. 4. c. 19. a Beginning after Caesar and Mela at the Garumna but according vnto Strabo Pliny and Ptolomy at the Loire * v. Claud. Ptol. Geog. l. 2. c. 8. Strab. l. 4. Plin. N. His. l. 4. c. 1 8. Pomp. Mel. l. 3. Iul. Caes. Comm. Bel. Gal. l. 1. c. 12. l. 3. c. 3. 5. lib. 5. c. 21. l. 6. c. 2. 3. 7. 8 lib. 7. c. 3. 5. 18. 19. 20. 22. 26. 27. 28. 29. 36. c. Interpret Montani P. Birtij in Claud. Ptol. lib. 2 c. 8. b Most probably extended further in regard of the strength and power of the people v. Caesar Co-Bel Gal. * v. Claud Ptol. Geog. l. 2. c. 9. Strab. l. 4. Plin. Nat. Hist. l. 3. c 5. l. 4. c. 17. Pomp. Mel. l. 3. Caes. Comment Belli Gallici lib 1 c 1 2 3 4 5. 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14. 15 19. lib 2 c 2 7 8. 10 11 lib 5 c 1 lib 6 c 2. 12 lib 7 c
points A maine controuersie betwixt them was the celebration of Easter of whom the Britons from whom the Picts and Scots did not much differ observed the 14 day after the New-moone in March or the first Moneth following the custome of the Church of Asia and pretending the practice of Saint Iohn the Evangelist and the Romans with the English and others the Sunday after the 14 day alleadging an Apostolicall tradition a scruple then much disturbing the peace of Christendome and disputed of in sundry Synods No lesse was the controversie but long afterwards and amongst the English themselues betwixt the married vnmarried Priests in the raignes of Edwy Edgar Edward the Martyr Etheldred Monarches of the English-Saxons as likewise after the conquest of the Normans for vntill this time Priests were married adiudged against the married Priests through the pretended miracles of S. Dunstan a great vpholder of the Monkish faction the sentence of Pope Hildebrand in the yeare 1074 and raigne of William the Conquerour and lastly for yet notwithstanding the Popes interdict the Priests still kept their wiues by Anselmus Arch-bishoppe of Canterbury and a Synod then held at London in the raigne of King Henry the first In the raigne of great Egbert and about the yeare 829 breake in the merciles and Pagan Danes through whom and the many Popish errours which already had crept in religion is againe eclypsed Their Idol was Thur giuing afterwards the name of Thursday to the fourth day of the weeke By holy Alfred Edward the Seniour and Athelstan the second they are at length subdued and for the time either expulsed the Country or brought vnder the English and Christian yoake By this time the long aspiring Papacy had gotten the vpper hand ouer the rest of the Churches of the West and princes people divine and humane Lawes here as in all other places are made subject to the sole will and free arbitration hereof By Pope Alexander the second the Normans are authorized to vsurpe the Crowne of England Edgar and the Saxon line the right heires excluded and the oppressed English disabled for making resistance terrified and kept in by Papall cursings By Innocent the third King Iohn is made vassall to the pretended Apostolique sea surrendring his Crowne and resuming the same againe to be held vnder the fee and tribute of the Popes The Christian world hauing beene long abused Iohn Wiclef a soecular Diuine of the Vniversity of Oxford and Rectour of Lutterworth in Leicester shire in the raignes of Edward the third and Richard the second first to any effect opposeth against the tyranny hereof and those errours and impostures which antiquity superstitious and improvident zeale and their ambition and avarice had obtruded vpon religion fauoured by Iohn of Gaunt Duke of Lancaster Henry Lord Percy the Chancelour and body of the Vniuersity sundry Regulars and Priests the Londoners and multitudes of the Common and Lay people besides England spreading his opinions ouer the neighbouring Germany the authour of the reformation of the Hussits amongst the Bohemians withstood by the Praelates and Monkes thundred against by Bulls of the Pope sent to the King the Bishops and Vniversity and condemned by the Councell of Constance the liue bodies of Husse and Hierome of Prage and the bones of Wicleffe in detestation of their pretended heresie being burnt by the order of that Synod The positions hereof are to be read in the history of Walsingham but mingled with many falsities and vntruthes through the malice of that relater a Monke and of those times no friends to his cause What more rightly they were is better seene in the confession of the Hussits or Bohemians arising from hence moulded after his doctrine Now begun the ancient holy and grand-esteeme of the Church to asswage and coole superstition to be vnmasked the Papall power to grow suspected his censures to become more vile the wealth and great reuenues of the Monks and Cleargie to be envyed and their liues and actions to be scanned and looked into by a more narrow censorious eye In the raigne of King Richard the second a petition is exhibited by Parliament for the taking away of all their temporall possessions not assented vnto and reiected by that plaine and well meaning prince The like is attempted by two other Parliaments in the raigne of Henry the fourth and Henry the fift pretending their abuse and better imployment in the reliefe of the poore the maintenance of Esquires Knights and Lords and the seruice of the King lastly diuerted the suppression of Monasteries excepted belonging vnto strangers through the wisedome of Henry Chichlie Arch-bishop of Canterbury proposing the more honourable French warres and declaring the vndoubted right of the Prince to that Crowne By king Henry the eight provoaked by the excommunication and rash censures of Pope Clement the seaventh the Papall authority is abolished through the Realme and the power and title of supreame head of the English Church assumed and entayled vpon his successours some abuses about images and the Scriptures and prayers in an vnknowne tongue in part reformed and Monasteries and religious houses stiffe abetters of the Romish Hierarchie to the great astonishment of the world vtterly razed and demolished and their whole possessions whether Temporalties or tithes offerings the vndoubted rights of the Church escheated to the Crowne and fold or giuen to lay persons through passion avarice or his zeale against the many vices and enormities of the Monkes or to engage the laity without which possibly he could not haue withstood so great a danger in his warre against the Papacy and Cleargie partakers with him of their spoyles Vnder Edward the sixt religion is more fully established and the Church purged from errours and superstition the Masse and the rest of the 6 bloudy articles of his father abrogated images pulled downe the holy Eucharist administred vnder both kinds and the Scripture and deuine seruice read in the vulgar language yet done not without much rapine and iniurie committed vnder pretence of reformation the sacred monuments of the dead in Churches defaced and Bishoppricks Collegiate Churches Hospitalls and Almes-houses being robbed of their reuenewes by sacrilegious greatnes during the licentious raigne of that most hopefull but young pupill king By Queene Mary a great strength to whose title was the dispensatition and authority hereof Religion is againe made vassall to the sea of Rome and the power and iurisdiction of the Pope restored with condition notwithstanding that the lands and goods lately taken from the Cleargy should remaine to their lay possessours without which caution the Nobility and Commons in Parliament whose ioynt interest this was would not giue their consent persecution raging soone after with fresh furie and the whole kingdome flaming with fires and gashly sights of burning Martyrs Queene Elizabeth of famous memory gaue
gouernment and withdrawing their service and ayde too eager revengers of his childish and weake raigne Henry the sixt irrecoverably France through the faction of the house of Yorke abusing the people with pretenses for their private ends and lastly challenging the Kingdome and turning our conquering swords into our owne bosomes The Land is divided into Shires Hundreds which are the divisions of Shires and are in some places otherwise called Weapontakes and Lathes and Tithings the divisions of Hundreds King Alfred was the Author of these divisions as likewise of the name and office of the Vice-Comites or Sheriffs ordained for the more peaceable gouernment of the Countrey and the more easie restraint of theeues and robbers much encreasing then through the occasion of the Danish warres The word Shire signifieth with the auncient Saxons a part or division as doth the word Share with the present English What number hereof were first instituted by Alfred we finde not Malmesburiensis accompteth 32 of them in the raigne of Etheldred Monarch of the English-Saxons succeeding not long after Kent Essex Middlesex Surrey Sussex Hantshire Dorsetshire Wiltshire Somersetshire Devonshire Cornwall Hartfordshire Oxfordshire Buckinghamshire Barkeshire Glocestershire Suffolke Norfolke Northamptonshire Huntingdonshire Bedfordshire Cambridgeshire Warwickshire Leicestershire Staffordshire Worcestershire Shropshire Herefordshire Lincolneshire Nottinghamshire Darbyshire and Cheshire Doomesday Booke addeth Yorkeshire in the raigne of William the Conquerour Afterwards were added Lancashire and the Bishoprick of Durham most probably sometimes parts of Yorkeshire and Cumberland Westmoreland and Northumberland beyond the Tine the part now onely retaining the name of the ancient Kingdome thus called after their revnion to the English Crowne formerly possessed by the Scots The last were the 13 Welsh Shires added by Edward the first and Henry the eight Their whole number are at this present 52 in both Countreyes of England and Wales 1 Surrey Kent Sussex Hantshire Barkeshire Wiltshire Somersetshire Dorsetshire Devonshire and Cornewall lying vpon the South of the riuer Thames along the shore of the English Channel 2 Glocestershire Oxfordshire Buckinghamshire Middlesex Essex Hartfordshire Norfolke Suffolke Cambridgeshire Huntingdonshire Bedfordshire Northamptonshire Rutlandshire Warwickeshire Worcestershire Herefordshire Shropshire Cheshire Staffordshire Darbyshire Nottinghamshire Lei-cestershire and Lincolneshire containing the middle part of the Kingdome and included within the riuers Thames Trent Merseye Dee and Wye Humber Offaes Ditch and the German Ocean 3 Yorkeshire the Bishopricke of Durham Northumberland Cumberland Westmoreland and Lancashire the parts vpon the North of Humber Trent and Mersey 4. and Monmouthshire Glamorganshire Radnorshire Brecknockeshire Cardiganshire Caermarthenshire Penbrokshire Montgomeryshire Merionethshire Denbighshire Flintshire Caernarvonshire and the I le of Anglesey containing Wales or the westerne parts within the Dee VVye and the sea of Severne Their descriptions follow after that I haue first related the auncient estate of the Country with the many chaunges and successions of people and Kingdomes in their turnes comming vpon the stage hereof and occasioning the present names state and divisions THE SECOND BOOKE COntayning the Description of the more great and famous Mountaines and Rivers of Great Britaine The more noted Creekes and Promontories Their ancient and present names The Etymologyes and names of Britaine and Albion The ancient limits and extent of Britaine The first Inhabitants The conquest of the more Southerne part by the Romans The estate and description of Britaine during the Roman government out of Tacitus Dion Ptolemye Antoninus and the Authour of the Notitia with others The period and conclusion of the Roman Empire in Britaine The estate and kingdome of the Britons after the departure of the Romans The estate hereof after Cadwallader and the conclusion of the Brittish Monarchie The originall and history of the Cornish VVesh and Britons of Cumberland Their Conquests by the Saxons and Normans and vnion into the kingdome and name of England The history of the Scots and Picts The Conquest of the Picts by the Scots and Vnion of the Northerne part of the Iland into the name and kingdome of Scotland The invasion of the Germans or Dutch The Iutes Saxons and English The Saxon or English Heptarchye The originall and fortunes of the kingdomes of Kent the South-Saxons VVest-Saxons East-Saxons East-Angles Mercia and Northumberland The vnion of the rest into the Monarchie of the VVest-Saxons The originall of the name and kingdome of England The kingdome of England 1 vnder the VVest-Saxons 2 vnder the Danes 3 and vnder the Normans The vnion of the blood and rights of the Saxons or English Scots and Normans and of the whole Great Britaine vnder one Prince in Iames our late Soveraigne of happie memorye The present estate of the Iland occasioned through so manie mutations The kingdomes of England and Scotland The names and Etymologie of the Shires of England THE MOVNTAINES OF GREAT BRITAINE THE bounders or land-markes whereof I shall haue occasion to make vse in the discourse following are the Mountaines and Riuers hereof with the more noted Promontories and Creekes of the Ocean whereinto the Rivers are disburdened The onely Mountaine noted by ancient authours was Grampius Mons mentioned by Tacitus containing now Braid-Albin with other hilly regions beyond the Frith of Dunbriton in Scotland The woods sometimes covering this Mountainous tract were named Saltus Caledonius by Lucius Florus and Sylva Caledonia by Pliny inaccessable thorough their intricate and darke thickets bogs lakes and marishes safe shelters of the Northerne Britons invaded by Iulius Agricola the Emperour Severus and the Romans In the part subject to the Crowne of England rise the Mountaines of Wales taking vp the Westerne devision of the kingdome betwixt the Irish Ocean the Sea of Severne and the Riuers Wye and d ee strong fastnesses of the warlike Silures and Ordovices with great obstinacy for a long time resisting the Roman yoake and not fully subdued vntill Iulius Agricola and the raigne of the Emperour Domitian and afterwards the Rendez-vous of the distressed Britons shunning the rage of the Saxons or English Beyond the riuer Trent beginneth another long Mountainous ridge which continued through the North of Staffordshire then by the West of Darbye-shire afterwards betwixt Yorkeshire and Lancashire lastly by Cumberland Westmoreland and Northumberland doth end at Cheviot or the Scottish borders This is not known by any one name ancient or moderne In Staffordshire it is named Moreland in Darbieshire the Peake betwixt Lancashire and Yorkeshire Blackestone-edge Pendle Craven betwixt Richmondshire and Westmoreland Stane-more in Cumberland Copland and at the borders of Scotland Cheviot The other hills of the South Blackamore Yorkes-would the Chilterne Cots-wold Malvern those of Sussex Devonshire and Cornwall with others are rather to be accompted Downs then Mountaines Those many of Scotland seeme all branches of the Grampius THE RIVERS CREEKES AND PROMONTORIES THe Rivers issue from the Mountaines and hils The more great and famous are the Thames Severne Trent Yeure or
king of England William the first son to Iohn the third William the second son to William the first the last Duke of Cleve Gulick and Bergen and Earle of Marck continued in the line masculine and descended from Adolph the tenth He deceased in the yeare 1609 without issue After his decease the estates hereof were controversed betwixt the Emperour Rodulph the second pretending the prerogatiue and right of the Empire vpon the failing of the male issue and Wolfang Prince of Nuburg and George-William Duke of Prussen descended from the eldest daughters of Duke VVilliam the first by the favour and armes of neighbouring Princes Gulick besieged and taken established in the possession hereof George-VVilliam Duke of Prussen son to Iohn Sigismond Marquesse and Electour of Brandenburg and to Anne daughter to Albert Duke of Prussen and to Mary-Leonor eldest daughter to William the first Duke of Cleve and Wolfang prince of Nuburg son to Philip-Lewis Count Palatine of Nuburg to Anne-Magdelin second daughter to Duke William the first and sister to Duke William the second Dukes of Cleve Gulick and Bergen and Earles of Marck in the yeare 1616 and at this present THE PALATINATE OF THE RHIIN IT likewise lyeth on both sides of the Rhijn so named frō the Counte-Palatines or Princes thus stiled aunciently seated in those parts and in continuance of time by gift purchase marriage armes becomming Lords hereof How these by litle litle became seazed of the countrey reade Franc Irenicus in his 3 booke 54 55. chapters Who were these first Paltzgraues it is not agreed vpon Trithemius nameth Count Palatines before the raigne of the Emperour Charles the Great Others accompt their beginning from the time of this Emperour Irenicus more probably from the Emperours of the German race house of Saxony They were not more aunciently Princes or hereditary and but onely chiefe Iudges amongst the Dutch or Presidents in their courts of judicature thus entitl'd appointed by the Emperours and continuing during pleasure The first of these whereof there is any certaine mention was one Henry living in the raigne of the Emperour Otho the third appointed one of the six first Electours of the Empire After him the Counte Palatines Electours follow Sigifrid Counte Palatine of the Rhijn and Elector son to Adelheild by a former husband wife vnto Henry the first Electour Ezeline Conrade sons to Sigifrid Lutolphus son to Ezelin Conrade in the raigne of the Emperour Henry the fift Frederique son to Frederique with the one eye Duke of Schwaben and nephew to the Emperour Conrade the third Henry surnamed the Lion Duke of Saxony Bavaria Henry son to Henry surnamed the Lion Engerus Henry the fourth Hitherto the order was confused Otto the second Duke of Bavaria vpon his marriage with Gertrude daughter vnto Henry the fourth created Counte Palatine of the Rhijn and Electour by the Emperour Frederique the second He deceased in the yeare 1259. Lewis the second Duke of Bavaria Electour Counte Palatine of the Rhijn He dyed in the yeare 1294. After the decease hereof these two Estates of Bavaria the Palatinate became againe divided as they haue continued ever since Lewis his younger son succeeding in the part of Bavaria since called the Dukedome of Bavaria and contayned betwixt the Danow and the Alpes and Rodulph his eldest son in the Electourship and the Palatinate of the Rhijn together with Nortgow aunciently part of the Dukedome of Bavaria and then first seperated and from the possession of these princes named since the vpper Palatinate or the Palatinate of Bavaria Rodulph eldest son to Lewis the second Electour and Counte Palatine of the Rhijn His younger brother Lewis succeeded in the Dukedome of Bavaria created afterwards Roman Emperour from whom the present Dukes of Bavaria are descended Adolph surnamed the Simple Electour Coute Palatine of the Rhiin eldest son to Rodulph His younger brother Robert Rodolph were also stiled Electours a chiefe cause of his surname of Simple Rupert son to Adolph the Simple Electour Counte Palatine of the Rhijn Rupert the second son to Rupert the first Hee was afterwards created Roman Emperour Lewis the third surnamed with the beard son to the Emperour Rupert From Stephen of Bipont his younger brother descended the Dukes of Zweibruck or Bipont as also the moderne Electours the house of Lewis the third becomming afterward in Otto-Henry extinguished Lewis the fourth son to Lewis the third Philip son to Lewis the fourth Lewis the fift son to Philip. He dyed without heires Frederique the first son to Philip and brother to Lewis the fift He also dyed without heires Otto-Henry son to Rupert brother to Lewis the fift and Frederique the first the last Electour and Counte Palatine of the Rhijn of the house of Lewis the third deceasing with heires after whom succeeded in Electourship the house of Stephen of Bipont Frederique the third Duke of Zimmeren son to Iohn the secōd son to Iohn the first son to Frederique Earle of Spanheim sonne to Stephen of Bipont son to the Emperour Rupert the house of Lewis the third failing in Otto-Henry in the yeare 1559 succeeding in the Electourship Palatinate He was stiled Frederique the third in regard of Frederique surnamed the Victorious younger son to Lewis the third who although not Electour had notwithstanding vsurped this title in the minority of Philip Electour of whom he was Guardian Lewis the sixt son to Frederique the third Frederique the fourth son to Lewis the sixt governed in his minority by Iohn Casimir Count Palatine of the Rhiin and Knight of the honourable order of the Garter in England son to Frederique the third and brother to Lewis the sixt Frederique the fift son to Frederique the fourth Electour and Count Palatine of the Rhiin chosen King of Bohemia against the Emperour Ferdinand the second whose wife is the most illustrious princesse Elizabeth sister to his Maiestie Charles King of Great Britaine THE LANGRAVE-SHIP OF ELSATS THis tooke the name from the river Ill the chiefe of the country The State was begun in the raigne of the Emperour Otho the third the first Lantgraue after Irenicus being one Theodoric In the raigne of the Emperour Frederique the second the male succession of these Lantgraues failing by meanes of daughters it became divided betwixt Albert the second Earle of Habspurg Albert Earle of Hohenburg Lewis Earle of Ottingen The Earle of Hohenburg shortly after vpon the marriage of Anne his daughter vnto Rodulph afterwards Emperour son to Albert the second Earle of Habspurg surrendred his part vnto that familie By this meanes the house of Habspurg afterwards of Austria became seazed of two parts hereof contayning now the vpper Elsats the Free Cities excepted The rest comprehēding at this day the lower Elsats the Earle of Ottingen sold vnto the Bishop of Strasburg whose Successours now hold the same vsurping the title of Lant-graues of Elsats The
Elizabeth of most famous memory it was surprised by the English and for a time held by that nation for Calice detained by the French surrendred thorough sicknes amongst the souldiers and for want of fresh water which is altogether conveyed hither from the hils without by conduit pipes cut of by the enemie the onely weakenes of the towne Within the land not farre of is the towne of Yvetot sometimes stiled a kingdome in regard of the ancient exemptions and priviledges of the Lords thereof from al homage and subjection to the kings of France It is now a principality in the house of Bellay Diepe at the mouth of a little river so called a well frequented Port especially for the trade of the West-Indies and New-found-land S. Valerie an other haven towne lying betwixt Diepe and Havre de Grace Caux the country hereof were the Caletes of Caesar the Caleti of Strabo THE PARLIAMENT OF PARIS COmprehending Picardie Champaigne Brie France Special Beausse Poictou Engoulmois Berry Bourbonois Forest Beaujolois Lionois and Auvergne PICARDIE BOunded vpon the West with Normandy and the British Ocean vpon the North with Artois and Hainault of the Low Countries vpon the East with Luxemburg and Lorraine and vpon the South with Champaigne and France Speciall The countrie is fruitfull in corne the store-house of Paris Chiefer townes are Abbe-ville a Bishops sea and Bailliage the best towne of Ponthieu vpon the river Some Monstreul Nere herevnto is Crecie the French Cannae famous for their great overthrow and the victorie of the English in the raigne of Philip the sixt These two lie in Ponthieu which is a low fenny country named thus frō the many bridges made over the moorish flats thereof Boulogne Portus Gessoriacus of Caesar Gesoriacum Navale of Ptolemie Portus Morinorum of Plinie and civitas Bononensium of Antoninus a Bailliage and Bishops sea vpon the English chanell The towne hath beene made strong especially since the surprisall thereof by K. Henry the eight and the English divided into the Higher the Lower Boulogne distant about an hundred paces asunder and severally walled and fortified The haven serveth rather for passage into England then for traficke and negotiation The country neighbouring is named from hence le Pais Boulognois Pagus Gessoriacus of Plinie and the Bononenses of Antoninus part of the Morini of Caesar Strabo and Plinie Calais Portus Iccius of Caesar Portus Britannicus Morinorum of Pliny and Promontorium Itium of Ptolemy a strong sea-coast towne at the entrance of the English chanell and the borders of Artois After the battaill of Crecy and a whole yeares siege it was taken by Edward the third king of England held afterwards and peopled by the English with the neighbouring forts and townes of Oye Hams Ardres and Guisnes vntill the late lesse prosperous raigne of Queene Mary when it was surprised by Henrie the second French king Here the passage is shortest betwixt the continent of Europe and the Iland of Great Bretaigne accompted some thirty miles over named by the French le Pas de Calais Amiens Samarobrina of Caesar Samarobriga of Ptolemy and civitas Ambianensis of Antoninus a Bishops sea and Bailliage and the chiefe cittie in Picardie vpon the riuer Some with whose divided streames it is round encompassed the occasion as some conjecture of the name The towne is strong and well fortified the bulwarke of France on this part towards Netherland The country were the Ambiani of Caesar Pliny and Ptolemy occasioning most likely the name of the towne Corbie Peronne vpon the Some Roie Mondidier strong frontire places opposing the same enemie The three last lie in the district or territory named Santerre Noion Noviodunum of Caesar a Bishops sea the country of reverent Calvin S. Quintini Augusta Romanduorum of Ptolemie and civitas Veromannorum of Antoninus a strong towne in the same broder the chiefe of the country of Vermanduois Fere a strong towne against the same enemie the chiefe of the country of Tartenois part of the Vermanduois the Veromandui of Caesar and Pliny the Rhomandues of Ptolemy and the Veromanni of Antoninus Laon a Bishops sea The Bishop is one of the 12 Peers of France Soissons Augusta Vessonum of Ptolemie a Bishops sea vpon the river Aisne the last place the Romanes held in Gaule vnder Siagrius driven out by Clovys he fift king of the French Afterwardes in the division of the French Monarchie by the sonnes and posterity of Clovys the Great it was made the head of a particular kingdome called from hence the Kingdome of Soissons Soissonois or the country hereof were the Suessones of Caesar the Suessiones of Strabo and Pliny the Vessones of Ptolemy and the Suessiani of Antoninus with Noion and Laon now part of the more general country or name of Vermanduois Retel frontiring vpon Lorraine From hence the neighbouring country is called le Pais Retelois Guise a strong towne and castle vpon the same border and the river Oyse in the particuler country of Tirasche Hereof were entitled the late Dukes of Guise descended from the house of Lorraine CHAMPAIGNE SVrrounded with Picardy Barrois Lorraine Charolois the dukedome of Burgundy and France Speciall The country is plaine pleasant and fruitfull affording plenty of corne wines shadie woods meadowes riuers all sorts of pleasing and vsefull varieties Chiefer townes are Chaalon Civitas Catalaunorum of Antoninus a Bishops sea Pairry vpon the Marne The countrie about Chaalon were the Catalauni of Antoninus In the neighbouring plaines Campi Catalaunici of Cassiodorus was fought that great and famous battaile betwixt Aetius generall of the Romans for the Emperour Valentinian the third assisted by the Gothes and other barbarous nations and Attila king of the Huns. Rheims Durocortum of Caesar Durocottum of Ptolemy and Ciuitas Remorum of Antoninus a Metropolitan sea a Bailliage and the chiefe citty of Champaigne seated vpon the riuer Vasle The Archbishop is one of the. 12. Peeres of France Hither come the French kings to be consecrated The country were the Rhemi of Caesar Strabo Pliny Ptolemie and Antoninus Ligny vpon the riuer Sault Vitry sirnamed le Franeois vpon the rivers Sault and Marne the Bailliag◠and chiefe towne of Parthois Didier Perte naming the country Parthois both seated in Parthois and vpon the Marne Ian-ville a Seneschaussee vpon the Marne in the country of Vallage In the castle hereof magnificently seated vpon the top of an inaccessable high hil is seene the the tombe of Claude Duke of Guise one of the most costly monuments in France Vassey lying also in Vallage vpon the river Bloise enioying a most pleasant situation environed with shady forrests and woods Chaumont vpon the Marne the Bailliage for the country of Bassigny The castle here is very strong mounted vpon an high and steepe scalpe or rocke Trois Augustomana of Ptolemie and civitas Tricaffium of Antoninus a Bishops
Lorraine betwixt the Meuse and the Rhijn Lotharius the third French King and of Lorraine on this side the Meuse Otho the second Emperour of the Romans and King of Germany and of Lorraine beyond the Meuse Lewis the fift French King and of Lorraine on this side the Meuse and Otho the third Emperour of the Romans and king of Germany and of Lorraine beyond the Meuse Vnder those two princes the title and kingdome of Lorraine ceased to be incorporated and vnited with West-France Germany The many States arising out of the ruines hereof follow THE DVKEDOMEOE LORRAINE THis now onely retayneth the auncient name of the kingdome of Lorraine It was begun in the yeare 993 in the person of Charles Duke of Brabant younger brother to Lotharius the third and vncle to Lewis the fift the last French Kings of the house of Charles the Great to whom it was given with this title by the Emperour Otho the second It contayneth then besides moderne Lorraine the countrey of Brabant vnited to the name hereof and called Basse Lorraine together with Luick Gulick The manner how these were rent herefrom we will shew in the Catalogue of the Princes whose succession and order follow Charles Duke of Brabant Vncle to Lewis the fift King of France Duke of Lorraine by the gift of the Emperour Otho the second He dyed in bonds caught and imprisoned by Hugh Capet the vsurping King of France jealous of his better right to that Crowne Otho son to Charles He deceased without issue Godfreye the yonger surnamed with the Beard eldest son to Godfrey Earle of Ardenne Buillon and Verdun after the decease of Otho succeeding in the Dukedome hereof by the gift of the Emperour Henry the second the heires generall Gerberge and Hermengarde sisters to Otho excluded Gozelo brother to Godfrey the yonger Godfrey the second son to Gozelo Godfrey the third son to Godfrey the second He died without issue Godfrey of Buillon the fourth of that name son to Eustace Earle of Buillon and of Ydain sister to Godfrey the third He became king of Hierusalem and deceased in the Holy land without heires He sold the temporalty of the city and country of Luick vnto Speutus then Bishop hereof continuing euer since by this right severed from the Dukedome belonging to these Prelates About the same time as it is thought the towne and country of Gulick were likewise divided herefrom seazed vpon with the title of Earle by Eustace brother to Godfrey Bauldwin brother to Godfrey of Buillon king of Hierusalem and Duke of Lorraine He lost Brabant or Basse Lorraine to Geffrey surnamed with the Beard Earle of Lorraine descended from Gerberge daughter to Charles of France the first Duke of Lorraine He also dyed without heires Theodoric son to William Baron of Ianville brother to Godfrey and Bauldwin kings of Hierusalem Simon the first son to Theodoric Mathew the first son to Simon the first Simon the second son to Mathew the first Frederique the first son to Simon the second Theobald the first son to Frederique the first Mathew the second son to Frederique the first and brother to Theobald the first Frederique the second son to Mathew the second Theobald the second son to Frederique the second Frederique the third son to Theobald the second Rodulph son to Frederique the third Iohn son to Rodulph Charles the second son to Iohn Reiner d'Aniou Duke of Bar and afterwards king of Sicily Duke of Lorraine in right of his wife Isabel daughter to Charles the second Iohn the second son to Reiner of Aniou Duke of Bar and of Isabel of Lorraine aforesaid Nicholas d' Aniou son to Iohn the second He dyed without heires Reiner the second son to Frederique Earle of Vaudemont and of Yoland daughter to Reiner d' Aniou and Isabel of Lorraine After the decease of his grandfather Reiner d' Aniou he became also Duke of Bar. Antonye son to Reiner the second Francis son to Antony Charles the third son to Francis Duke of Lorraine and Bar and Earle of Vaudemont in the time of Wassenburg and of Albizius my Authours THE BISHOPRICK OF LIEGE IT was thus named from the city of Liege the chiefe of the country seate of the Prince It was sometimes a part of the Dukedome of Lorraine by Godfrey of Buillon sold to Speutus Bishop of that See and made a particular State The order of the Bishops and Princes we finde not THE DVKEDOME OF IVLIERS IT * was so called from the chiefe city Iuliers It was also a part of the Dukedoâ—e of Lorraine rent and divided therefrom and made a particular Earledome by Eustace brother to Godfrey of Buillon king of Hierusalem the first Prince In the yeare 1329 and in the person of William the fourth it was translated to a Marquisate by the Emperour Lewis of Bavaria Shortly after in the person of the same Prince it was made a Dukedome by the Emperour Charles the fourth By Mary onely daughter to William the fift wife to Iohn the third Duke of Cleve it was brought with the Dukedome of Bergen vnto that family wherein euer since it hath continued belonging now to the Princes of Brandenburg Nuburg heires of that house The order of the first Princes we finde not The rest for brevity sake we omit THE DVREDOME OF CLEVE THis lyeth in both Provinces of Gaule Germany divided by the Rhijâ— named thus from the towne of Cleve When the state begun or by whom it is not agreed Their assertion is lesse absurd who draw the beginning hereof from one Aelius Gracilis to whom the country should be giuen with the title of Earle by Pepin the Fat and Charles Martel Maiors of the Palace in France By the Emperour Sigismond in the Councell of Constance and in the person of Adolph the eleaventh it was made a Dukedome The right hereof of Gulick and Bergen with the Earledome of Marck appertaine now to the Princes of Brandenburg and Nuburg the line masculine failing and extinguished in William the second the last Duke From Theodoric the tenth and more cleare times the Princes follow Theodoric the tenth living about the raigne of the Emperour Lewes of Bavaria Mary daughter to Theodoric She married vnto Adolph the ninth of that name Earle of Marck whereby these two Earledomes became vnited in one family Adolph the tenth son to Mary and Adolph the ninth He liued in the raigne of the Emperour Charles the fourth Adolph the eleaventh son to Adolph the tenth created first Duke of Cleve by the Emperour Sigismond at the Councell of Constance in the yeare 1417. Iohn the first son to Adolph the eleaventh Iohn the second son to Iohn the first Iohn the third son to Iohn the second He marryed vnto Mary daughter vnto William the fift Duke of Gulick and Bergen by meanes whereof those two estates became added to this family Amongst other issue he had Anne of Cleve Queene to Henry the eight
Calis from Mary queene of England Francis the second son to Henry the second Charles the ninth son to Henry the second and brother to Francis the second Henry the third son to Henry the second and brother to Francis the second and Charles the ninth These three brethren kings all dyed without issue the last princes of the house of Valois Henry the fourth King of Navarre son to Antony of Bourbon Duke of Vendosme Ioane queene of Navarre the next prince of the blood of the line masculine descended from Lewis the ninth surnamed the Saint slain at Paris by that wretched Assassinate Ravaillart Lewis the thirteenth son to Henry the fourth King of France Navarre now raigning The Earledome of Flanders THis belonged sometimes vnto the kingdome of West-France held still by the princes thereof vnder the fief of this crowne quitted vnto Philip and second king of Spaine and to the heires of the house of Burgundy by Henry the second French King the late league of Cambray Concerning the occasion and beginning of the name hereof we cannot relate any thing certainely The estate was begun after Wassenburg in the person of one Lideric Buc vnto whom the Countrey was given with the title of Forester by Dagobert the first French King at that time for the most part lying waste and without almost inhabitants thorough the vastnes of the woods and marishes and the pyracyes of the Danes In the person of Bauldwin the last Forester it was made an Earledome by the Emperour Charles the Bauld whose sister Iudith he had marryed in which stile it hath ever since continued It contayned then besides moderne Flanders the countrey of Artois and the parts of France where now lie Vermanduois Boulognois or vnto the Some By Earle Philip the first the parts of Vermanduois Artois and Boulognois were severed from Flanders given in way of dowry with Isabel daughter to his sister Margaret and Bauldwin Earle of Hainault vnto Philip Augustus French king since incorporated by this meanes vnto the Crowne of France part whereof became afterwards the Earledome of Artois The Princes follow Lideric Buc the first Forester son to Salvart Prince of Diion created by Dagobert French King according to Wassenburg in the yeare 611 after Heuterus in the yeare 621. Antony Buc son to Lideric Buc slaine by the Danes Boschart son to Lideric Buc and brother to Antony He was driuen out by Theodoric French king hauing only left vnto him the Lordship of Harlebec After this for about one hundred yeares space we reade not of any Foresters or Lords hereof the country in the meane time being miserably spoiled by the Norman and Danish pyrats Estored Lord of Harlebec afterwards Forester by whom the Normans were expulsed He liued in the time of Charles Martel Regent of France Lideric the second son to Estored Inguelran son to Lideric the second Odoacer son to Inguelran Bauldwin the first son to Odoacer Hauing married Iudith sister to the Emperour Charles the Bauld he was created by him first Earle of Flanders in whom ended the title of Foresters Bauldwin the second son to Bauldwin the first Arnold the first son to Bauldwin the second Bauldwin the third son to Arnold Arnold the second sonne to Bauldwin the third Bauldwin the fourth sonne to Arnold the second Hee had giuen vnto him the Iland of Walcheren in Zealand by the Emperour Henry the second the cause of long contention betwixt the houses of Flanders Holland quitted afterwards by Earle Guye of Flanders vnto Florentius the fift Earle of Holland Bauldwin the fift son to Bauldwin the fourth Bauldwin the sixt son to Bauldwin the fift He marryed Richilde Countesse of Hainault daughter to Regnier the third vniting for a time those two Earledomes in his succession and family He deceased in the yeare 1070. Arnold the third son to Bauldwin the sixt Earle of Flanders and Hainault slaine in battaile sans issue by his Vncle Robert Robert the first son to Bauldwin the fift and Vncle to Arnold the third His nephew Bauldwin brother to Arnold the third succeeded in the Earledome of Hainault by which meanes those two estates were againe divided Robert the second Earle of Flanders son to Robert the first Bauldwin the seauenth son to Robert the second Wanting heires he bequeathed Flanders vnto Charles surnamed the Good son to Canutus king of Denmarke and Adela Charles surnamed the Good son to Canutus king of Denmarke and Adela daughter to Robert the first He dyed sans issue William the first son to Robert Duke of Normandy eldest son to William surnamed the conquerour Duke of Normandy and king of England and Maude wife vnto the Conquerour daughter to Bauldwin the fift and sister to Bauldwin the sixt He enioyed not long the Earledome expulsed in regard of his tyranny and cruelty Theodoric son to Theodoric Earle of Elsatz and of Gertrud daughter to Robert the first William the Norman being driuen out slaine Hee deceased in the yeare 1168. Philip son to Theodoric Margaret eldest sister to Philip. She marryed vnto Bauldwin the sixt Earle of Hainault Namur vniting againe these two Earledomes in one family Bauldwin the ninth Earle of Flanders Hainault son to Bauldwin Margaret Ioane Countesse of Flanders Hainault daughter to Bauldwin the ninth She dyed sans issue Margaret the second Countesse of Flanders Hainault daughter to Bauldwin the ninth yonger sister to Ioane She marryed vnto William of Bourbon Lord of Dampierre She had before this marriage by Buscart Prior of S. Peter in L'isle her gurdian a base son named Iohn d'Avesnes succeeding afterwards in Hainault William the second son to William of Bourbon Lord of Dampier Margaret Earle onely of Flanders Iohn d'Avesnes son to Margaret Buscart by composition amongst the brethren succeeding in Hainault He dyed without issue Guy Earle of Flanders son to Margaret William Lord of Dampier yonger brother to William the second Robert the third son to Guy Earle of Flanders Lewis the first son to Lewis son to Robert the third Mary daughter to Iames Earle of Nevers Retel He marryed vnto Margaret heire of the Earledomes of Burgundy and Artois He was slaine fighting against the English in the battaile of Crecy Lewis the second surnamed Malan from a castle thus called the place of his birth Earle of Flanders Artois and Burgundy son to Lewis the first Margaret daughter to Philip the Long second king and Ioane Countesse of Artois and Burgundy Margaret Countesse of Flanders Burgundy Artois daughter to Lewis the second She married vnto Philip de Valois surnamed the Hardy Duke of Burgundy son to Iohn French king by meanes whereof these three Estates descended vpon the house of Burgundy afterwards of Austria The Earledome of ARTOIS THis tooke the name from the Atrebates the auncient inhabitants or otherwise from Arras the chiefe towne It was sometimes a part of Flanders giuen with other peeces anciently belonging to