after him for ever for naming his Son Richard Successor according to a power cunningly gained by him from the Paâ—liament in a Petition and Advice 1656. he contrived him an impregnable interest first in Ireland by his Brother Henry made there Lord Deputy secondly in Scotland by a Councell and an Army made up for the most part either of Relations or oâ— Fanatiques or of New-purchasers of the Kings Queens and Bishops Lands all equally engaged to the Usurper thirdly in England 1. by a Councell made up of his Fathers own Creatures 2. An Army under his Brother in Law Fleetwood Commander in chief his Unâ—le Desborough as Major Generall and severall other Relations of his in great command so that his Army was like that of Abrams of his own house 3. The City awed by a pack of Sectaries under one Io. Ireton a Creature of his since the marriage of his Brother Henry with Oliver's Daughter 4. The Countrey people generally so much pleased with the obliging carriage to which Oliver politickly brought him up that they generally said If we must needs have an Usurper we will be content to have him Sect. His Excellency saw Richard so well settled that to attempt any thing against so well layed a Government in the behalf of his most Sacred Majesty had been but to hazard the best Cause with his own and his Friends persons and fortunes against a tide which swelling higher by the opposition would quickly have overwhelmed them And therefore he submitted himself to a compliance with the Power then in being acting by its authority knowing as Grotius saith jure belli pacis p. 1. c. 73. That the acts of empire which an Usurper exerciseth may have power to oblige not out of his right which is none but because its better his Commands should prevail and be of force then utter confusion be brought in the Laws and Iudgements being taken away See Suarez leg l. 3. c. 10. n. 7. vid. de potest civ n. 23. And so his Excellency went on with the Usurper strengthening the hands of the evill doer for publique good while he was weakening him in private interest We may observe in Nature that the severall parts of it though they are ordinarily true and faithfull to their standing rule law and duty the light going upwards and the heavy downwards c. yet they are allowed to comply with a violence that brings them out of their place order against their inclination and law to fill up such chasmes and supply such vacuities as may endanger the dissolution of the whole Besides I think really his Excellency together with our Gracious Soveraign had rather the Invader should be left in possession then occasion given to such dangerous and bloudy commotions as they both trembled at the thoughts of which yet must necessarily follow upon any violence against those men who have strong Factions on their side at home and as strong Confederacies abroad It was their opinion 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Plutarch Or as Favonius hath it Civill War is worse then unlawfull Government Mihi pax omni cum civibus bello civilii utilior videtur Cic. Titus Quintus thought it better the Tyrant Nubis had been let alone at Lacedemoâ— when he could not otherwise be thrown down but with the ruine of the Common-wealth likely to perish in vindication of her Liberty For as Aristophanes hath it A Lion is not to be bred in a City but if he be brought up he must be kept For indeed we nec morbum ferre possumus nec remedium Liv. Yea we were so unfoâ—tunately â—…ck that we feared plus periculâ— a medico quam a morbo For though Usurpâ—tion falls heavy upon many particulars yet the bloâ—dy consequences of an intestine War are worse spâ—…ading and permanent Sect. His Excellency was as carefull to keep others within an usefull moderation and prâ—dence as he was to act according to it himâ—elf and therefore upon Oliver's death He and the Councel make an Order That there be none brought from beyond the Seas to Scotland and that none be carried from Scotland beyond the Seas without speciall leave and a Passe That there be no unusuall meetings of Persons dangerously affected to the Peace of that Nation c. And seized upon severall persons dangerously busie about his Majesties Affairs in that Kingdome whereby he at once seemed to be very cordiall against his Majesties interestâ— and for that of the Usurpers and really did his Majesty the best service imaginable and his Friends the greatest curtesie 1. Restraining them from those attempts which had been their ruine AEquum non est saith Stallius ut sapiens disipientâ—urâ— causu in pericula turbas se conjiceat See Nehem. 9. 27. 2. And withdrawing from the Usurpeâ— that advantage whiâ—h he made of such vain and empty oppositions towards his own establishment and settlementâ— who knows noâ— that Oliver wâ—s advanâ—ed to that height we ere while admired and feared by those plots which he subtlely contrived and others were foolishly trapanned to by whose discovery and defeat he rendered himself formidable and by sly inâ—…nuations of what danger the Government and the three Nations were in by reason of them prevailed with his Conventions to secure the Common-wealth by promoting his power daily upon the occasion of one pretended Plot after another untill he sâ—rued himself up to the power of the most absolute Monarch in Europe His Excellency thought that monstrous Power would fall away of it self which might be held up and strengthened by opposâ—tion A Lacedemonian in Plutarch when he read Hos dum Marte parant dominatum extinguere saevus ante saliuntis Maenia mors rapâ—it added Merito viri illi periere expectare enim debuerunt ut ipse per se dominatuâ— conflugraret Sect. His acquiâ—scing in Richards free Parliament In the mean time he resolved to acquiesce discreetly in the determination of the free and full Parliament which Richard and his Councell were happily necessitated to call towards the right constitution of which he contributed much in the choice of such Parliament men for Scotland as the Malignant party in England would not have willingly admitted to the House who when they entered assisted the Honest party in such counsels as would have brought down the power which Oliver set up with so much bloud and treasure in the twinkling of an eye without any noise or stir wherefore they were suddenly after dissolved by the Army with a consent that Richard gave to it 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Although his Excellency was sorry to see such unwarrantable violence offered to a free Parliament made up of the honourable Representatives of three Nations yet he was pleased to see that vast Power taken from Cromwel's Family by the same Authority that gave it them even before a third Heir enâ—oyed it He so well foresaw the future establishment of these Nations through these severall revolutionâ— as the establishment of a fair
him beleeved cordiall to the cause and able for service and therefore advanced him to the command of Lievtenant Generall in Scotland It was his honest ambition to be eminent in every thing he undertook so he hoped at last to arrive at that power that might sway Kingdomes to a compliance with his Majesties interest as successfully as he saw them now swayed against it § 47 And therefore when his Majesty marched for England by the way of Carlisle he refused to follow him and chose rather to compleat former victories in Scotland as Commander in chiefe then to gaine new ones in England under Oliver Therefore waiting anxiously betwen hope and feare upon his Majesties successe in England he took care to reduce Scotland into a subjection to the Parliament untill an opportunity offered it self of restoring it to the King who had utterly lost it had not he lost it § 48 But no sooner were the Scots Wars finished but Holland threatneth us 1 Partly upon his Majesties account being engaged to his assistance 1 By the Prince of Orange 2 By Admirall Vantrump who had not forgot the high honours bestowed upon him in England in the year 1641. 3 By an overture made between his late Majesty of blessed memory and their Embassadour the night before his death Partly upon their own account claiming a right in our Seas which we for times out of mind were taught to * See Gratium in â—are lib. Seld. â—are Cloâ—… Striâ—… Mâ—… Com. Greg. Thol jur reg Franc. prop. L. L. quae propria ulpian l. o. L. L. quae comuiae vid servium in 12 AEn virg â—ustâ—câ— in il â— n. 22â— deny them See Fleta and Selden notes upon it see Draytors Polyalbyon Grotius de jure belli et pacis of propriety see Saxon Lawes in Spelm and Selden Just. and Theod. Codes the Danish Lawes in the exact Collect of Beccius Whitlockes observat c. § 49 His Excelleâ—cy is called upon from Scotland to Sea in joynt commiâ—…oâ— with Blake and Deane he willingly submits knowing he was to engage for the right of his native Countrey I meane the dominion of the narrow Sea which belonged to England as a hedge so the Sea is called in Eurip â— and most Poets since out of him belongs to the inclosure and indeed is the best of its enjoyments § 50 He being at some losse in Sea affaires discovers as much wisedome in makiâ—g use of other Mens skill as others did in acting by their owne others direct he encourageth and spirits the dull Sea-men to action to passe by the meaner passages his most solemn performance was the last engagement with the Dutch for which the Parliam honour him with a gold chaine and oblige him by a command over the Army in Scotland which he underweâ—t willingly so securing to himselfe and his Master one Kingdome while now an Usurper swallows up two § 51 Being come to Scotland he takes care that the councell who were in joynt power with him should be Men of solid Principles and good Interest if he must be troubled with some fanaticks they were some soft easy and quiet Men that stood for cyphers and were only to â—ill up a â—umber and not to maintain a party § 52 He takes care to restraine that Scottish spirit that is never quiet Conquerour nor conquered and remembring what sad use they had made of former indulgencies proceeds with force and rigour resolving that they should really fear him who he knew would never really love him § 53 He disarmed imprisoned and innocently trappanned them though none of them suffered the least upon his account in state or life and so amused the cunning Scot with active policy that he had scarce time to think of plots or to contrive villany § 54 And when some Loyall persons under the honourable Middleton attempted something 1654. he easily subdued them first dividing and then conquering them he was as ready to suppress those men that attempted any thing Inconsiderately for his Majesty as he hath been since to incourage them when they attempted any thing soberly It was about that time Oliver would have had him out of Scotland and therefore had not he opposed his Majesty then probably he had not been in a capacity to restore him now § 55 In Scotland he impartially executed all Lawes enacted by the Supreame power in England tending to the peace welfare of that Nation so that his severities had not formerly enraged them more than his justice obligeth them and therefore Oliver omitted no opportunity to tempt him out of Scotland by calling him to the other house c. which temptations he dextrously put off choosing with Caesar rather to be first in Scotland than 3d. or 4th in England so that the Usurper was heard often to say that he could do many things were G. M. out of Scotland And if I am not deceived by knowing and good men the Usurper upon his death-bed when he was urged to name his successour professed It was in vain to set up a Protector in Eâ—gland for George Monck would bring a King out of Scotland MODERN POLICY The Second Part. Sect. His Excâ—llâ—ncies behâ—viour upon Cromwel's death ALthough upon Cromwel's death it was thought the awe whereby he checked the private designes of each party to an homage to his own was so happily removed that the severall Grandees would now publickly pursue their aime at that Supremacy to which each of them was willing to advance Cromwell first one daring enough to break the ice to an usurpation that they themselves might be his Seconds and because as Seneca saith Seelera dissident their villainous Enterprises would interfer and clash each of them resolving to admitâ— neither equall nor superiour it was thought honest men might have opportunities to joyn together in vindication of lawfull Soveraignty and publick Right while the Theeves and the a Magna Latrocinia publick Robbers as the Pirates told Alexander fell out about oppression and wrong Take off the common Principles in which Rebels agree aâ—d the common persons that keep them together with those Principles their variety of humors and interests bring them immediately to a division and then to a ruine Machiavâ—l Kings l. 2. c. 3. on Livy l. 6. c. 2. sect 3. These Rods that have lain so long upon our backs might be singly broken when they could not be broken united and in a bundle But Cromwell taking as much care to keep usurped power as he took to gain it Nec minor est virtus quaerere quum pertatueri and being a man of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 as Arist. de An. l. 2. c. 1. Etâ— 4. c. 3. of desires as vast as his thoughts and as boundless as his soul 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 as Iamblichus Carm. 6. And therefore its pitty as Socrates saith that great and good have been separated he secured not the Government with more policy to himself then he doth to his Heires
renowned actions are made the issues of loose fancies roving at uncertain worth rather then the issues of his great virtues and after ages shall know rather how happy Poets they are then how great or how good a Man he was § 2 It will be therefore but a reasonable service equally due to his Excellency and to the World to do his publick performances so much right as to expresse them with the same integrity they were accomplished with and to expose them in their own naked Grandeur and plain state more solemne with the solid and great then splendid with the gaudy vain the highest honour that can be done to great and solid worth is faithfully to repeat it the greatest elogy that wit can grave upon it is it selfe § 3 Birth and Education The right honourable Sir George Monck Knight of the most noble order of the Garter Lord Generall of all the Forces in his Majesties dominions of England Scotland and Ireland Master of the Horse and one of his Majesties most Honourable Privy Councell being borne a Gentleman of the posterity of ancient Nobility and former Majesty as that happy Pen may easily evince which may hereafter in an History due to this renowned Hero's life consecrate to eternity Him and it selfe and educated as honourably as he was borne 1. under such a discipline that moulded his tender â—oule to that frame that was not onely advantagious towards the succeeding parts of his education but towards the Regularity of his whole Life 2. Under that erudition that successively instilled ingenuous and good rudiments into his tender breast in the order that was proper to his tender years Age at once maturing his parts enlarging his capacity and advancing his lectures untill some years education had accomplished his mind with that stock of active usefull and manly knowledge that furnished him with those vertues that are a perfection to noble natures and a rest and tranquility to great minds 1. bridled and checked the irregular sallies of the inferiour faculties and the impetuous passions incident to those years 2. fashioned his behaviour to that humanity that gentleness that was due to Mankind and that modesty and gravity as was due to himselfe 3. regulated his discourse to that temper that became the product of judgement and right reason and raised him to thoughts of imployment worthy and ingenuous abhorring to busie himselfe vitiously or impertinently § 4 In a word when education had made him a compleat Man he be thought himselfe that he was borne to Labour as naturally as the sparkes are made to flye upwards being endued with that 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 as Jamblichus calls it that ever moving and restlesse principle his soul and trusted with those abilities that suggested to him that he was not so far neglected by God or Nature as to be placed in the World without imployment § 5 Employment He found that if he looked up to Heaven that was alwayes in its course with its severall glories rejoycing to run their race if he ascended above humanity and assumed the nature of Angells imployment would pursue him thither and overtake him for they stand alwayes before God to know and do his pleasure If a Man in honour would quit his Birthright whereby he is a little lower than an Angell and become with Nebuchadnezzar like the Beasts that perish yet both the Field and Forrest are severe Monitors to imployment each animal being continually engaged in an orderly exercise of those powers they are endued withâ— Yea the dull Earth besides its constant exercises in spring after it 's long vacation hath been discovered by some of late to spend it selfe and to be spent in constant 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 efluviums and emanations To descend to Hell and lower he could not go he saw the accursed Spirit imployed and busied Satan going to and fro in the Earth and industriously walking about seeking whom he may devour making diligent use of the faculties abilities dexterities which either his nature or experience have furnished him withall towards the end he proposeth to himselfe And therefore wondered what they meant that gloried in the ignominious honour and abasing exaltation of being above imployment which bcomes Heaven Angells and Men made perfect and of being priviledged for that idlenesse which is below Earth and Hell as if it were praise-worthy to be unprofitable-burdens of the Earth to be born onely to consume the fruit of it to eat and drink to day and to morrow to die as if they were brought to the Earth as the Leviathan to the Sea to take their past-time therein § 6 A Souldier He was ready to embrace any ingenuous imployment opportunity offred him and his parts deserved not though as a younger Brother as a prize either to ambition or covetousnesse but as an opportunity to exercise his vertues a sphear wherein he might move vigorously for the service and honour of his Country and as mens parts abilities and capacities are their best directions in the free choice of their calling wherein they intend to abide with God finding himselfe master of those manly and severe endowments that qualifie great natures for the rougher engagements of Camp and Warre and are above the smoother dalliances of Court and Peace he listed himselfe among the noble train of Cavileers and of their number that were designed for actions worthy and great § 7 War Although his Excellency had not any right of his own lost which he was to recover by War which is defined to be the state of two parties contending by publick force about right and wrong and if he had yet being a private person since the constitution of publique Courts of justice he ought to submit his right to the fair triall of judgement rather then to put it to the ordeall of force and tumult for hence it is that the reverence of the Law was found out that nothing might be done by force see Paul L. non est de rep 1. Cassian l. 4. van 1. Ep. 4. Theod. edict 10. 124. et L. exstat D. quod metus Serven 11. AEn Virg. though Ambrose de offic 3. 3. Ambros 1. lib. arb 5. ep 155. 10. 59. Eustied Amic de Gratian. â— vel caus 13. q. have been taught to speak by some as otherwise minded see Canon Epist. 55. edit novis Yet when lawfull power and publique persons for the maintenance or recovery of their rights that are invaded or threatned by some mens ambition or coveteousnesse Those lusts whence come Warres and Fightings among us have set up a Warre War being of such concernment and consequence to Commonwealths that its treason and that justly by most Laws to undertake a War without highest authority Plato de leg l. ult cic de leg l. 2. L. 3. D. ad l. Jul. maj et Cornel leg Justin. cod valent Aug. cont faust l. 22. c. 74. p. 206. lin 10. liv Dec. ult vel l. 29. vict de bello numero 9.
in his hand and may expect as the Theban Souldiers a pattern for all others argued with Julian to die daily and ought not to submit his precious life to the lusts and will of others which hath too much to do to serve its own divers lusts and pleasures he heads a Regiment by the Lord-Deputies's Commission that great man who understood well whom he employed who as curiously observed other mens worth as he carelessly neglected his own and was choice in his instruments because he was so in his designes and imployments well knowing his great actions must be left to the management of great soules and this is the first of those publick undertakings wich are the subject of this discourse § 14 Discipline Wherein the first thing he was eminent for was Discipline without which Commanders lead thronged multitudes and not armies and listed routs rather than Regiments he was not less carefull of morall than of the military Discipline well knowing that that Souldiery will hardly vanquish an enemy that is vanquished by its own debauchery Ireland they say endures no poyson his Excellency would endure no dangerous exorbitancy to envenom his Regiment nor any perverse Achan that would trouble his Camp and next the care of keeping his Souldiers Men and restraining them when going out of themselves within the compasse of humanity he added that of making them Souldiers that they might not be to Learn when they were to perform their duty Turpe est in arte militarj dicert non putaram § 15 Besides that by his preparation the enemy might suspect that thier plot was discovered and by his readinesse that it was prevented when men did but seeme to suspect an unknowne plot they have often discovered it and withall few Souldiers brought together in a military 〈◊〉 as they can vanquish many out of â—rder so they can affright more the often mustering of Souldiers among a dangerous people is not the least part of their policy who know what pannick feare armed multitudes strike into the dispersed vulgar § 16 Familiarity His Excellencies solemn familiarity no Mother of contempt was observable whereby he insinuated himselfe so far into his Souldiers affection that they could have wished their lives doubled that they might have one life to spend for his person as they had one for his cause His Language with Caesar was not Milites but Commilitones not Souldiers but Fellow-Souldiers nor was this out of any designe so much as out of nature and that note of Livy tooke no place here Credant haud gratuitam in tanta majestate Comitatem fore that so much Majesty never condescended without designe nor was that of the Comick a good rule here Non temerarium est ubi dives blande appellat pauperem altera manufert Lapidem panem oftentat alter a Nemini credo qui longe blandus est dives pauperis § 17 And when the sad tim 〈…〉 that called for his actuall service 〈…〉 condition of Ireland now without a Deputy the last being beheaded the sad Prologue that ushered in this Tragedy the red morning of whose bloody death presaged this tempest as he prophecyed rather than spoke upon the Scaffold and by reasoâ— of the jealousies at the same time stirred up between his late Majesty and his Parliament by Rome and Hell one not daring to trust the other to be charitable without supply and assistance grapling with the power of Rome from within and from without from all the Kings that had given their power to the Beast kept his Excellency and other Worthies to the defensive and confined their care more how to save themselves handsomely then how to subdue the enemy which though their cause and valour prompted them to for qui molâ—stos arcet ex honâ— Conscientia sumit siduciam bonaque â—i spes adest inde quod injuriam non infer it sed auferat Alex. orat ad mil. Herod 5. yet their prudence checked them from with the prudent caution in the Gospell of considering whether they were able with ten thousand to hurt them that came against them with twenty thousand for doubtlesse such and much greater was the ods between these two adversaries § 18 Though his Excellency spent not that time he stayed there without some offensive sallies upon the enemy we must offend sometimes in our own defence and give our enemies occasion to complaine that we will not patiently lye open to their full stroke as that Roman brought an action against a Man because he received not his whole dart § 19 Yet he was most eminent then upon necessity as he was since upon designe in a prudent reservation of himselfe It being as great skill to ward off blowes as to give them he was as wise as that Lewis of France in preventing danger who had foresights to prevent mischiefs when they were coming but not a present prudence to engage them when come though yet he was as ready in encountring dangers as that Henry of England who could as Bacon observes who drew his life with a pencill â—s majestick as his Scepter with ready advice command present thoughts to encounter that danger with success which he could not with foresight prevent he gave then great signes of an admirable dexterity in mannaging disadvantages vvhich he hath since given full proofe of vvhen he opposed himselfe against a declining age engaging thousands with his single selfe § 20 His stratagems were as considerable as any Man 's in so narrow a command for though force and terror be most proper to wars yet we may lawfully use guile Sive dolo sive vj clamve Palamve Hom Quicquid agendo Hostica delenda vis est Pind dolus an virtus quis in boste requiral virg Your enemy you lawfully may spoyle Whether by open force or secret guile Bellandum est astu levioâ— laus in duce dextra Lesse praise I gaine By my strong hand I war with my strong braine Silius l. 5. ex Polib l. nono xenoph 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 1. Thacid l. 5. Marâ—is comites irae insidiaeque virg Elbarba hudiatum saith Mahomet Wars must have some deceit 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Eust ad Il. x. versu 120. â—o honourable is it to be wise as Serpents that Saint Chrysostome in his first Book de Sacerdotio pronounceth that Generall most praise-worthy that hath obtained his victory by stratagems § 21 The other private particulars that that History may enquire into which is due from after age to his blessed memory will not beare those grave observations which are designed in this discourse for those more publick his performances in this lower spheare being swallowed up with those of his superiors as the glories of lesser lights are undone at the appearance of a greater Wherefore § 22 I passe to the cessation made by his Majesties order and the alteration in his Excellencies affaires thereupon For the jealousies forementioned being heightned to a War between his late Majesty and his two Houses
of Parliament by their industry who are so well read in Machiavell as to have learned that the best way to enjoy a Kingdome is to divide it One side affirming our Government by a fundamentall constitution a 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 as Aristotle a 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 as Sophocles an 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 as Plutarch and an 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 as Strabo saith an absolute and full Kingdome wherein his Majesty was 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 by no meanes obnoxious to his Subjects being Supreame over all Causes and Persons accountable to none but to the blessed God as the Hebrew Barnachman hath it who saith Job shall say to Kings yee are wicked or to Princes yee are ungodly The other side asserting our constitution mixt and our Supreame power divided between the King the Lords and the Commons as Chalchondylos formerly asserted of England Arragon Nâ—varrre vide Plin. l. 6. c. 22. and some new Politicians of late who though they confesse that in the beginning Kings had all power as Pomponius and Justine out of him yet afterwards as Tacitus observes the People established Lawes which the King was to obey Tacit. 3. Annal. Cic. de rep 1. et Fenestell 3. 2. And indeed we had the best constitution of a 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 as Solon and an 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 as Lycarg is by some made to speak § 23 But upon some discontents the severall powers clashed and mistrusted each other and gave themselves over to such feares and jealousies as put each rashly upon thoughts of War which cannot be just unlesse it be necessary and therefore not to be undertaken upon every causlesse feare of uncertaine danger But then there were some with Attila that Cared not how the War begins If they could bring it to their ends This civil War was managed a while with variety of success that neither side should either presume or despaire § 24 It pleased God his Majesty suffered some disadvantage at last successe being not commanded to attend the best cause here nor miscarrage the worst greatnesse and goodnesse justice and victory being not yet married there is so much security of tâ—e happinesse of another life that Christs Kingdome was not and our hapiness is not of this World though many have been perplexed with that question Cur bonis male sit why it fares so ill with the good yet a Bible well understood hath taught them that there is neither love nor hatred to be knowne by any thing under the Sun when we goe into the Sanctuary we are taught that its unwarrantable to appeale to heaven for the decision of this or that controversy by the successe bestowed upon this party or that cause according to its righteousnesse and due merit Pluto in Aristophanes is commanded to be as favourable to the wicked as the good because if virtue were rich she should be courted more for her dowry then for her beauty so if Justice or Religion had the advantage of prosperity we should be apt to follow it as the common Souldiers more for the prey then for the canse Christ would be followed againe for loaves § 25 His Majesties unhappy affaires in England made some alterations in his Councels together with no lesse unseasonable then unlawfull interposition of those of Scotland in our affaires for since civill society was instituted its certaine the Rulers of every one have attained a speciall right in which others have no share over their own Subject so that in them onely resides the supreame power of Judgement whence there is no appeal saith Thacydides Nos quotquot hujus Colimus urbis maenia Sufficimus ipsi nostra judicia exequi Heraclides Spartam tibi quae contigit orna nobiâ— fuerit Cura mysaenae Proc. vandal 2. c. b. n. b. although when Subjects suffer what 's intollerable humane Society hath allowed and prompted one Nation to assist another so the Romans assisted the Persians so the English succoured the oppressed Dutch and French § 26 These advantages prevailed with his Majesty to order the honourable Marquesse of Ormond to bring the Rebels to a cessation upon the most advantageous termes and to spare so many of his best Regiments for English service among whom his Excellencies is brought over as one every way accomplished for the exigence of those times affaires Neither needed his Majesty make use of a Quintili Varo redde legiones So compleat are his Companies that he might reply to his Majesty with reverence to our Saviours words and of those which you have given me I have hardly lost one § 27 No sooner was he and others landed on English ground but they were entertained with a Surprize by some Parliament Forces before they had time to know which was their foe which was their friend For the Scene was altered â—nd their noble hands were to be imbrued now in Protestant and not in Popish blood their swords were to be sheathed no longer in Irish but in English bowels It had been some comfort had it been strangers that they engaged with but alas it was with those of their own and their Fathers house It was w th their familiars those w th whom they had taken sweet councell together they of their own faith one Baptisme and one hope were their aid called against aliens it were easy to resolve saith Aristides Luctrica 5. but a suddaine disaster prevented these debates they being set upon by that Person whose undertakings were more suddaine then others thoughts and sometimes then his own § 28 The Parliament were too well informed of these Regiments to give them the strengthning advantage of uniting with the Kings main body and better instructed in that maxime dum singuli pagnant vincuntur universi then to let them pass without attempts upon them singly § 29 His Excellency and others were taken Prisoners and had now nothing left them but the glory of suffering for his Majesty he is deprived of all those things that make a Souldier and now what remaines but those prayers teares that may make a Martyr And in this capacity of a Prisoner did he remaine in the Tower so long aâ— to see his Majesty utterly defeated imprisoned aâ— himselfe the anointed of the Lord was taken in their Nets under whose shadow we said we should live in peace yea and murthered too to see Monaâ—chy laid aside Parliaments forced Lawes Priviledges and Properties invaded by their own Patrons and the veyle that the uncertaine Warre kept on the Rebells face now by a certaine successe drawn off At their first entrance to England the Irish Forces were puzled Against whom to direct their loyall Swords while each side was for the King for Lawes for Liberty Property and Religion But now they were satisfyed in what they meant that fought for his Majesty against the King Now the whole World saw that they least intended what they most pretended 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Homer they that sit at our helme looked one way
in Ireland for though Thucydides say the Athenians did well in a case of necessity to seek aide not onely of the Grecians but of the Barbarians Yet methinks I heare Fulco of Remes in Fred. l. 4. Hist. Rhemensi c. 6. admonishing our Charles as he did another who may not be afraid seeing you covet amity with the enemies of God and to the overthrow of the Protestant name take unto you Popish armes and enter into Leagues detestable they are great offenders saith Alexauder in Arrianus who serve the Barbarians against the Greekes contrary to the Lawes of Graecia shouldest thou help the ungodly and love them that hate the Lord 2 Chron. 19. 2. O King let not the arme of Israel goe with thee for the Lord is not with Israel nor with any of the Children of Ephraim 2 Chron. 25. 7. Be yee not unequally yoked with misbeliâ—vers for what felloâ—ship hath righteousnesse with unrighteousnesse what communion hath light with darknesse 2 Cor. 6. 1. 15. § 42 His Excellency resolves upon the termes proposed by the Parliament for the Irish service in the capacity of a Collonel of Foot but first he must take the engagement when usurpation hath ravished just power it usually supports it selfe with the two Pillars of Armes and Oathes a good Man feareth an oath and therefore his Excellency upon mature deliberation made a promise equall to an oath for a noble soule of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 as the Persians such bonae fidei as Augustus that 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Isoc de evag. Gunther â—Leg c. Its word is as strong as its oath that he would be true and faithfull to the Common-wealth without a King or House of Lords and he is not a Man that would not be faithfull to the interest Common-wealth and good of his own Nation as well without as with a King which was the primary favourable proper and significant import of that ingagement to the best judgements of that time § 43 He is no sooner made sure but he is sent by that Man of dispatch O. C. into whom the old Emperour of Germany thought Gustavus Adolphus his hasty soul was got by a metempsuchosis with Reynolds and others to Chester and thence wafted over by a favourable gale immediately to Dublin and made his way resolutely through the thickest of his enemies to relieve the distressed City where they staid not long but impatient both of restraint and delay they sally out for more elbow-room with that successe that they had the pursuit of the enemy for many miles untill they came upon my Lord of Ormond's whole Army ready for an overthrow such was their confusion and disorder The honourable Lord of Ormond unhappily thus associated being betrayed to that security that he is playing at Tables and his Army and cause lyes at stake After this Victoryâ— these lower Commanders are carried about with the rapid motions of O. C. that violent first mover who upon his first arrivall Jehu-like drave furiously tovvards Trogedah vvith all his Forces took the place by storm and spared neither Man Woman nor Child Indeed throughout he vvas resolved to use the highest right and lavv of War vvhich after ages may dare to call an injury strangers were not spared for by the Law of War strangers upon an enemies ground is an enemy Philo. de judice ex vetere Oraculo Malcha excerp legis nor sacred Persons my Lord Broghil hanged a Bishop notwithstanding the common clamour for their Father in God with an haec sunt vestimâ—nta patris no native escaped the severall parts jusâ—ly suffering for the guilt of the whole It s lawfull to continue the punishment of a guilty Nation for one generation after its fault Arist. Pol. 7. c. 13. Lib. in â—rat de sedit Ant. Yet it s the generall Law of War if yet it have any law and it be not true what that rash head blurted thaâ— martiall Law was as absurd as martiall peace Hâ—stis sit illâ— et quâ— extra praesidia c. Liv. 37. Baldus 1. de just Bembus Hist. 7. mercy sanctuary c. are say the Souldier for the miserable rather then for the guilty venet de Asylis Thu. 1585. Cambd. Eliz. 1593. and we tooke all his Cities at that time and utterly destroyed the Men and the Women and the little ones and we left none to remaine Deut. 2. 34. Ps. 137. ult But with this flux of blood they said they stopped a greater Sanguinis fluxum diffusa venula revocamus Tert. The very repoâ—t of this siege reduced all Ireland for immediately the two next Garrisons Trim and Dundalk are quitted such a pannick fear seizing upon the Souldiers that they were not able to endure a summâ—ns this successe is seconded with the taking of Werford Rosse Kingsale Corke Youghal Bandon-bridge Barrow and Duncannon Enistroge Carricke Waterfordâ— and now Cromwell no sooner seeth a Citty or an Army but he â—onquers it In the meane time his Excellencies particuâ—ar honour was involved in that great renown of the Generall whatever glory he acquired it was as the Civilians say for his Master § 44 Ireland now acknowledging â—â—onquest in ten months for they were there but from the midle of August 16â—9â— to the next May 1650. which ten Ages formerly durst not boast of They return by order of Parliament to England to assiâ—… them in those dangers that threatned them on every side especially from Scotland that had ingaged it selfe by a latâ—… Treaty at Breda to assist his sacred Majesty 1. In bringing the Murtherers of his late Father of blessed memory to conâ—ligne punishment 2. In recovering his royall right § 45 Cromwell being to goe for Scotland the House having now concluded that the War should be offensive and my Lord Fairfax laying down his Commission makes choice of his Excellency for one of his Commanders in that desperate expedition which he willingly undergoeth when he heard the quarrel stated by Lashley upon the account of the Old Cause ' and not upon the account of the King whom they disowned as one sticking too close to his Fathers sins forsooth his House Friends ' Judging souls thought that War was for his Majesty rather then against him that Cromwell there was loyall and that it was a great courtesy for our Soveraign to be conquered least a sad successe had gained him a Kingdome with the losse of Religion Law and Liberty however his Excellency thought it unresonable to see his Native Countrey submit its Law and Religion to the sawâ—y imposition of a neighbour Nation that had been indeed often taught to take Lawes from us but never to give us any § 46 When his Excellency was in Scotland jealous Oliver joynes with him Lambert and Okey to watch his thoughts words and actions and to check him from any designe of loyalty which he discreetly observed and therefore managed each action committed to his trust as that against the Highlanders Dundee c. with such resolution as made
World out of a Chaos that he stuck not in an Address to the Parliament whom the Army had invited to reassume their power which they had once forced them from and now looked upon as the onely Authority that could serve their turn and interest to say that the Nation was then born in a day Sect. His carriage towards the long Parliament when recalled When those Members that the Army had called in refused the admission of the secluded Members those worthy Patriots that were resolved to doe their King and their Counâ—rey right when they resolved to â—surp the Government denying the Nation their priviledge of being governed by a free and full Parliament and siding with a company of Sectaries and desperate persons that were engaged to râ—ine our Church and State neglected our honourable Nobility our worshipfull Genâ—…y our reverend Clergy and in a word slighted three Kingdomes and with their assistance awe us with Militia's and oppress us with Assesments so farre to the discontent of the whole Nation that they agree upon a generall Insurrection upon the first of August but upon some discoveries made by the unhappiness of the Honourable the Lady Howard whose Sex was not capable of that secrecy which her Loyalty might be intrusted with and others they were prevented in most places save onely in Cheshire Lancashire and Wales where Sir Thomas Middleton Sir George Booth Sir Philip Egerton c. by reason of their distance fâ—om the Parliament and Army got together such a considerable party that alarumed the whole Army under Lambâ—rt and an Irish Bâ—igade besidesâ— to march towards them whom his Excellency beheld favourably and had they brought their design to any issue he would have assisted to bâ—ing those refractory Members at Westminster to some reasonable termes Although he would not have engaged against those Members being obliged unto them and thinking not with Cicero that a man may break his oath with theeves or with Brutus in Appion That 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 That the Romans esteem no faith yea nor oath to be kept with Tyrants yet would he have used his interest with them to reduce them to a Moderation T. Fregis sidem A. quà m neque dedi neque do Infideli cui periam Accuis Sect. His design upon Sir G. Booth's rising But upon Sir George Booth's overthrow Lambert blown up with the success sores high and contrives that the Army now highly caressed by him with the thousand pound sent by the Parliament to buy him â— Jewell c. should stickle for his Honouâ— to be Commander in chief of all the Forces in England Scotland and Ireland the next step to the Protectorship of England Scotland and Ireland and that the Parliament in case they denied it should be dissolved which he saw done accordingly Sect. His resolution against the Armies Arbitrary power Whereupon Lambert calling together his Counsel of Officers makes sure of a correspondence with the Army in Ireland and Scotland and therefore dispatchetâ— Collonel Barrow for Ireland and Collonel Cobbet to General Mâ—nck who though he was a Member of the Army yet was he likewise a Servant to the Parliament and of two Confederates he is to be preferred that hath a just cause of warr The Athenians were to assist their fellows the Messâ—nians against their other fellows the Lacedemonians Deâ— Orat. de Megalop Methinks I hear his Excellency replying to Collonel Cobbet's Message as the Aâ—…nans did to the Spartans Aâ—icis auxilia ferenda contra hostes non contra Amicos vid. fidel Tubal l. 4. c. 31. l. 7. Ptolom apud Appianum in leg exceptis Or with him in Alexandrides Ego esse vester non queam Comâ—ilito Quando nec leges nec mores Consentiunt Sed multis inter se Convallis discrepant Vid. Orat. Partazae ad Lazâ—s apud Agath l. 3. c. 2. n. 6. Sect. The noble Generall according to his instructioâ—s from London secures Cobbet at once preserving his Army from such dangerous inâ—inuations as that person brought along with him thither and to cut off all the advantages the Army in England might have of the information he might carry home with him He imprisons Cobbet the Armies Messenger It s true an Embassadour is per saecula populâ—… sanctum noâ—en Papin Pompon l. si quis D. de legal yea Sancta sunt carpora legatorum var. l. 3. del Tutius regressus legato Radevic append de Polon morian l. 12. de mauris so that they were not to be violated in life limb estaâ—e or liberty for it is contra jus legatorum legatos in vinculis habere Menand de Iust. 2. Imp. But Collonell Cobbet is rather a Messenger of a Faction of Subiects then a propeâ— Embassadour of the Supreme power and therefore he must not claim the right of aâ— Embassadour It 's the pecâ—liar prerogative of Majesty and Supreme Authority â—aith Dion Hulicarn to create Magistrates to make Laws to make Warre and Peace and to send Embassadours Legates must not be received from Antony for saith Cicero In that Case we have nâ—t to doe with Hanniball an enemy of the Common-wealth but with one of our own Countrey Nobly doth the Generall imprison him who brought along with him thâ— face of a Faction and the authority of Rebels who would have honoured him Si senatus faciem secum attuleratâ— auctoritatem reip Cic. Philip. 7. Sect. He models his Army And then his Excellency feeling the temper of his Army upon Collonell Cobbets Message accoâ—ding to the power given him when he was made Commissioner for governing of the Army with Sir Arthur Hasâ—erig Collonell Walton Collonell Morley â— Collonell Okey c. by the Parliament just before their dissolution he models it and secures such Officers as he found either too loosely principled or already too dangerously engaged to be entrusted in so honourable an expedition as he resolved upon in Tantillon Castle first and since in the Baslâ— Islands so confining their principles and persons within those walls which otherwise might have too sad an influence upon that whole Army and Nation Sect. He declares And then thinks fit to declare his resolution to assert the authority of Parliaments against all violence whatsoever in two Remonstrances one to the whole Nation and the other to the Churches Whereupon the English Officers bethink themselves of a Declaration too ' wherein supposing the end of Government to be the publick good they must perswade the world that they are the onely promoters of that in the world ' In melle sunt â—inguae sita vâ—strae atque orationes lacte â—orda fâ—lle sunt sita atque acerbâ— aceto â—â—inguis dicta dulcia datis ut corde amara â—aciâ—is Pretence white as milk And as soft as silk Will do the feat Your hearts as sowre as gall Purpose our thrall And thus ye cheat ' They ravish us with apprehensions of liberty while they enthrall us with oppression and as their usuall manner
is they bespatter the Parliament with their foulest ink making according to an ordinary figure in Policy every infirmity a fault and every fault a crime ' yea they were almost ready to swallow that grosse abuse 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Isocrates of making the Office guilty of the Officers abuse And withall they declare the necessity of their proceedings they thus make a virtue of necessity seeing no other virtue will be so easily induced to serve their proceediâ—gs and she may well be the patron of all licentiousness who her self hath 〈◊〉 law They declare the necessity of continuing the cashiered Officers in power which is a necessity onely of their own creating and â—ignifies no more but that they are compelled to cover wrong with wrong as if it were not enough to have done miâ—chief with an Army but we must continue that Army to defend and justifie it Their 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 is That his Majesty must be kept out of his just rights and that the Nation be deprived of their Laws Liberties Religion c. And thence it follows as a Conclusion becoming that Premise that it 's necessary our Army be commanded by Persons that are the worst Rebels against the one and the greatest Violators of the other 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Sect. The efficacy of his Declaration But his Excellencies rationall Declaration which he published to give the world the same satisfaction for his undertakings that he had already in his owâ— breast scorning the 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 of 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Ioseph An. 15. Crantz Saxon. 11. Nicet l. 3. 4. and willing to provide honest things even in the sight of men out-weighed their Pamphlet with the Judicious because they saw in his few words for he with Stenelaidos the Ephor would not stand debating with words being injured above words that he asserted Authority the ligameâ—t of humane society against Violence and Rebellion he asserted the true publique instead of a private good he stood for liberty against licentiousness and oppression In a word because they saw him expressing himself throughout like a Person of worth and honour Messengers sent to him After this 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 of the Armies Declaration they send two more Messengers to his Excellency his dear Brother in Law Doctor Clerges and another to satisfie him more fully of their proceedings for his Excellency as if he wanted nothing else all this while but good intelligence writes them an ambiguous Letter intimating that he might comply with them better if he had but the happinâ—ss to understand them Indeed it was but prudence to suspend all expressions that might make them despair of his compliance with them untill he were ready to appear against them Sect. And these are followed by Whaley and Gâ—ffe Caryl and Barker as Messengers from the Churches who had a Bird for every Conquerour It s the boast of a Dutchman that he can sail with all winds the Compass breaths not more varieties then these dexterous souls have changes and garbs and suitable compliances ' Its the perfection of an Oratour to make happy applications to the severall humours and geniusses of all sorts of men ' That 's the character of these Church-men these Independent Willows are pliant to the poor power of a contemptible Committee of Safâ—y as Alcibiades shifted disposition as he altered place so they proportion themselves to time place person religion with such a plausibleness as if they had been born onely to serve that Opinion which they harboured but as a guesse while it continued in sway He calls an Honorable convâ—ntion of Nobility and Gentry at Edenborough In the mean time his Excellency being by a call as he expressed himself to the Convention from God and man engaged for England to restore the Parliament to their due freedome and honour assembles the Nobility and Gentry of Scotland at Edenburgh to whom he proposed Sect. His propositions to them with there Answer and his Reply 1. That they would secure the peace of that Nation during his absence which would not be long 2. That they would supply him with some men for this undertaking which he engaged upon his Honour should be to their satisfaction 3. That they would advance what money they could beforehand And hearing by the Earl of Glencarne the Chair-man of that Assembly that 1. The Scots were since their being disarmed uncapable of keeping the peace 2. That they were so unconcerned in the issue of his undertakings that they saw no reason they should engage with him 3. That they would advance a yeares tax before-hand 1. He gives the Lords and Gentry power to arm themselves 2. He satiâ—fieth them privately in the design of his expedition 3. And accepts of their yeares tax O rare before-hand that being what he first intended though what he last proposed And thereupon he dismisseth the Assembly which he would not have called together but in a case of necessity which makes any thing lawfull it being one of the Regalia as G. Thâ—lâ—s hath it to call Assemblies And then he resolves to stay no longer then his supplies of men and money come in In the mean time he encourageth Sir Charles Coote the Lord Brohill c. to take this opportunity to reduce Ireland with it's sectarian Governours the first poâ—senous Creatures that ever came over thither according to their design layed before any thoughts of the dissolution oâ— this Long Parliament but he advised them to proceed leisurely and by piece-meal for that which at one view would be a mormo to fâ—ight them give it them but in part and it would please them All great mutations saith the noble Falkland are dangerous evenwhere what is introduced by that mutation is such as would have been very profitable upon a primary foundation Sect. His prudent management of a Treaty Yet hearing that Lambert was coming against him with thirteen thousand men resolved pro regnâ— patriam peâ—…tes conjugâ—m flammis dare indeed Imperia pretio quâ—libet constat bene according to the advice of an high-spirited Fury he with that King in the Parable sits down and cosiders with himself whether with his seven thousand men which was all he could bring to the field from his Garrisons the Highlands and the new supplies was able to enter battell with his enemy that leadeth thirteen thousand and finding himself too weak before the enemy enters his Territories he sends Messengers of peace he thinking of the unexpected Accidents before he did engage Thucydides adviseth was loth to hazard the justice of his Cause upon the chances of a battell we may quit something of our own right to avoid pursuing it with so much hurt to other men as Warre carrieth along with it Vict. de jure bel n. 14. 33. Arist. Polit. 4. Rhet. ad Alex. 3. Pausan. l. 5. Philost l. 23. Sen. suas 5. Yet withall he provides for Warre being as Ioseph 2. Cont. Appian
To preserve the Laws other losses he could bear patiently but when he is forced to deparâ— from the Laws then he will fight even beyond his strength and endure all extremitie of Warre He sends three to treat with those at Wallingford viz. Collonell Wylkes Lieutenant Collonell Clobery and Major Knight with letters to Gen. Fleetwood ' intimating his readiness to comply upon reasonable terms with his old friends and fellow souldiers and his sorrow for the advantages which were given the common enemy by this unseasonable distance of friends ' Sect. His Letters to the City But withall he sends letters to the City 'to encourage them to stand fast in their Liberty for their Laws Priviledges Properties and lawfull Government ' for which he there expressed himself ready to live and die which letters were delivered by Collonell Alured and Collonell Markham but by reason of the conclusion the fore-mentioned Treaters came to so contrary to the contents of those letters they were a while under Cassandraes fate of not being believed though they brought in them the highest truths imaginable as time the father of truth hath since made maâ—ifest Sect. The Treaty is concluded in an agreement upon these termes 1. That his Majesties Title be renounced 2. That England Scotland and Iâ—eland be governed as a free State without any single Person or House of Peers 3. That an able and a godly Ministry be encouraged and the Universities regulated 4. That the Army be not disbanded without its own consent 5. That there be a meeting of three from Scotland three from Ireland and three from England not Officers of the Army and five from Scotland and five from Ireland and five from England Officers of the Army to consult about a further settlement Sect. But his Excellency had discreetly reserved to himself the ratification of the Treaty so that nothing should be of force untill he confirmed it with his own Seal and therefore upon the return of his Commissioners by his own order he imprisoning Collonell Wylkes for going beyond his Commission declareth the Treaty void and marcheth towards the Borders intending to make Berwick which he had secured at first his Head-quarters holding correspondence with his friends all over England especiall in the West as the information Collonell Cobbet gave his friends at Wallingford House intimated Sect. At Berwick he gave the Messengers of the Army and of the Churches very plausible answers whiâ—h yet signified nothing receiving and dismissing them with great respect but yeilding to them nothing prejudiciall to his cause so that one of the Ministers upon his return home must needs tell his Congregation That the seed of the Serpent is irreconcileable with the seed of the woman Sect. Overtures towards a second treaty ' with the grounds of it Fabius saved Rome by a delay his Excellency being advised from England That if he could keep at distance with his Adversary untill the first of Ianuary the work would be done without bloud-shed make some overtures of peace with Lambert but alwayes insisting upon the re-admission of the Parliament to the exercise of their trust to be granted before they enter upon aâ—y Treaty Sect. Now some Commissioners for the Parliament viz. Hasâ—erig Walton and Morley having gained Portsmouth with the conseâ—t of Collonell Whetham formerly of the Counsell of Scotland whereof his Excellency was President and Lawson notwithstanding all endeavours by that Syren Vane to perswade him to the contrary declaring with the Navy for the Parliament and the Land forces for want of pay revolting the Army in the North mouldereth away and yieldeth to time aâ—d delay Sect. He moveth to England with his whole Army Thus all force being removed from the Parliament and they sitting thought themselves not safe untill he by his authority and presence came to awe the Soâ—ldiery and the tumults that want nothing but an Head to lead them to another Rebellion Sect. His prudent management of affairs throughout his progress to a subserviency to his design His Excellency whom former Powers could not draw from Scotland with either fear or favour takes this opportunity to do his Countrey and King a publick right And so though ordered to bring with him onely three hundred men and dispose the rest for quarters he marcheth with his whole Army modelling such Garrisons and Forces as he met with to a posture subservient to his design intrusting them with men faithfull to his and the Nations Interest which were now no more two but one and commending the care of Scotland to Major Generall Morgan a Person very industrious in assisting his Excellency going to him in his greatest extremity from London to encourage him and his Army to a resolution in those designes that were as great as they were good he marcheth with his own Army which he knew was tryed and â—…ithfull whereas the other Forces an aire dato conducta cohors bellica miles dona sequens pretioque suum mutare favorem suetus accepto pariter cum munere bello hunc habuisse dator pretâ—… quem jusserit hostem Bell. de re mil. 2. p. t. 2. n. 4. would upon the least temptation as he told the Parliament betray both himself and them too And in his way finds the Honourable His conference with the Lord Fairfax in his way to York-shire Lord Fairfax with Sir H. Cholâ—ely c. in Armes against free Quarter and for a free Parliament with whom he had private conference to each parties satisfaction Sect. Here he receives a Message from the City by the Sword-bearer to which he returns this Answer 1. That he was resolved for the Parliament as it was on the 11. of Octob. last 2. And yet when he came to the City which he said would be shortly he assures them he would satisfie their expectation Thus at once he keeps himself to his own Commission owns the onely face of Authority then in being under whose Authority he might act safely yet prâ—…ately manageth things according to his own principles and thoughts So inferiour Orbes suffer themselves to be swayed by the motion of the superiour while yet they steal a motion of their own The Parliament serve the Publick for themselves His Excellency will serve them for the Publick ' Being inviolably constant to his Principles of Virtue and religious Prudence his Ends are noble and the meanes he useth innocent His Worth had led him to the Helm of our State The Rudder he useth is an honest and vigorous Wisdome The Starre he looks on for direction is in Heaven and the Port he aimes at is the joynt welfare of Prince and People ' Sect. He is caressed by the whole Countrey but not understood And then he proceeds towards London being courted by the Countâ—ies as he passed as the Patron of Authority Law Liberty and Property his Expedition looking like a Kings Progress rather then a Souldiers March and addressed â—o by the
the House he resolved to withdraw all force from the house and admit men of more sober moâ—erate and therefore of a more pâ—blick spiâ—it who would establish us upon â—ermes comprehensive of every considerable interest among us making each part happy in the welfare of the whole which he did upon the one and twentieth of February Cressane careat pulchra dies nota 5. Meeting the Secluded Members at White-hall and expressing himself to them in a speech not delivered by himself to avoid offence but by his Secretary wherin he commended to their care Sect. His speech to them at White-Hal 1. Religion that 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 as Aristol 7. that first care of Magistrates it being in Plato and Plutarch Coagulum omnis societatis fundamentum and efficacissiâ—…um vinculum benevolae amicitiae unius dei Cultis Philo so great an awe hath Religion had alwaies upon the spirits of men prevailed with by the thoughts of eternal weal and woe that to settle it 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Iust. Mart. Apol. would be a royal work which his Excellency proposed in the most sober and moderate way imaginable between some mens too close and severe rigor which hiâ— Excellency had discountenanced in Scotland and others too loose indulgenâ—e which he checked by a publike â—…slike of a Sermon preached before him at St. Pauls for that abomination that makes desolate I meane a toleration for every one to do what is good in his own eyes 2. He commends to them the State desiring them to provide for a Free and full Parliament in whose resolves he himself and the whole Nation might acquiess Sect. He is Voted General As soon as they sit they vote his Excellency according to agreement Lord General of all the Forces in England Scotland and Ireland which trust he managed with much discretion and faithfulness modelling his Army to a temper suitable with the designes he had in hand disarming the Phanatiques in City and Countrey in the mean time taking care to arm Loyalty while he layd the Factions naked Sect. He rejects all temptations to baseness Now â—olet the woâ—ld see his Excellency had the best Souldiery virtues valour and wisdome without any of their vices ambition c. He slights all temptations of Command Power and Authority which were offered him and resolves rather to be a Loyal Subject then an usuâ—ping Soveraign he had rather have obsequii gloriam as Tacitus calls it the Glory of Obedience then the Majesty of command Sect. The Parliament having setled the City in its just power by Mayor Aldermenâ— and an honourable Common-Council and an incomparable Militia under as woâ—thâ— Commanders as ever leâ—d English men tâ— the field and vacated the Phanatique powâ—er in the Countrey and setled the Militiâ— of the three Countâ—ies in honourable anâ— great hands of men of worth and interestâ— and provided for the future Paâ—liament they dissolve upon the 16. of March leaving the care of the Nation to an incompaâ—rable Council of State and the care of thâ— Army to his Excellency as Commander in chief and Major General of the City and the care of the Navy to his Excellency and the Honourable Lord Mountague Sect. His Excellency entertained in London His Excellency in this interval condescends to the divertisements of several entertainments by most Companies in London The Honourable soâ—iety of the Mercers beginning but in the middest of pastimes and pleasures his great and solid mind as invincible by these soft as formerly by his harder services â—orgets not the greater affairs of State Sect. His prudence in the interval of power And he keeps good correspondence with his Army bâ— fâ—eqâ—ent conferences at last he brought them to declare their acquiescence in the resolves of the approaâ—hing Paâ—liament to the confusion of sâ—…h whose hope lay wholly in their reluctancy against lawful power Sect. When Lamberts esâ—ape had sâ—irred up the drooping spiâ—its of the factioâ—s to designes thâ—eatning and formidable his Excellency first discreetly ordereth the Forces in the Countrey so as to prevent their uniting in any considerable posture and then Honourably offers his own person for the service of his King and Countrey In the mean time taking care to settle the Militia of London and Westminster so as they might be able to guard themselves if he should be called abroad to engage against the Enemy Sect. He takes care likewise of Intelligence well knowing of what concernment it is for a Nation to have an impartial relation of the actions of the supreme power Sect. The Parliament being sate whereof he was a Member both for Devonshire and Cambridge he carrieth himself there with that modesty that might become the meanest Member hardly so confident as to own the honour that honorable House conferred upon him by their solemne thanks to him Sect. His modesty And would hardly accept the 20000. l. bestowed upon him until the Kingdomes account and stated his Majesties occasion supplyed his publike debts payed so little did this publike minded Worthy care for his own things and so much for the things of others Sect. He sends his brother in Law to his Majesty When his Majesties gracious Declaration and Letters came over to give occasion to modest Loyalty to discover himself his Excellency having received the Declaration with a Letter to himself by the leave of the House which he humbly asked he sends his Brother the Honourable Sir Thâ— Clergies to attend his Majesty with his humble answer wherein was inclosed a loyal address from the Army to let the world see how well a Generals command became him who had modelled his Army to that temper that there seemed to be but one soul controuling that whole great body that expressed its allegiance to his Majesty unanimously as one man Sect. When the Honourable Parliament each Member whereof deserves an everlasting monument had upon that blessed 1. of May voted the Government by Kings Lords and Commons a constitution to be admired and envied but not imitated and were preparing Commissioners to attend his Majesty to desire him to come to his Parliament and People with all speed possible His care to make all things ready against his Majesties coming His Excellency takes care for Pallaces to entertain him his own incomparable Lady condescending to the drugery of a common maid for the service of her Soveraign and then gives order for so many Regiments of Horse to attend his Majesty taking greaâ— care and giving many discreeâ— orders for his Majesties security providing with vâ—lour agâ—inst open foes and prudence against base friends knowing his Majesty had good reason to praâ— with the Italian God deliver me from my friends 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Hom. â—… 313. Who have taken Theogenis wicked Counsel to his Cyrnus 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Vid. dom vit Agric. Tacit. Annal. l. 1. Sect. His Excellency