to reduce Scotland into a subjection to the Parliament untill an opportunity offered it self of restoring it to the King who had utterly lost it had not he lost it 48 But no sooner were the Scots Wars finished but Holland threatneth us 1 Partly upon his Majesties account being engaged to his assistance 1 By the Prince of Orange 2 By Admirall Vantrump who had not forgot the high honours bestowed upon him in England in the year 1641. 3 By an overture made between his late Majesty of blessed memory and their Embassadour the night before his death Partly upon their own account claiming a right in our Seas which we for times out of mind were taught to * deny them See Fleta and Selden notes upon it see Draytors Polyalbyon Grotius de jure belli et pacis of propriety see Saxon Lawes in Spelm and Selden Iust and Theod. Codes the Danish Lawes in the exact Collect of Beccius Wâ—itlockâ—s observat. c. 49 His Excellency is called upon from Scotland to Sea in joynt commission with Blake and Deane he willingly submits knowing he was to engage for the right of his native Countrey I meane the dominion of the narrow Sea which belonged to England as a hedge so the Sea is called in Eurip. and most Poets since out of him belongs to the inclosure and indeed is the best of its enjoyments 50 He being at some losse in Sea affaires discovers as much wisedome in making use of other Mens skill as others did in acting by their owne others direct he encourageth and spirits the dull Sea-men to action to passe by the meaner passages his most solemn performance was the last engagement with the Dutch for which the Parliam honour him with a gold chaine and oblige him by a command over the Army in Scotland which he underwent willingly so securing to himselfe and his Master one Kingdome while now an Usurper swallows up two 51 Being come to Scotland he takes care that the councell who were in joynt power with him should be Men of solid Principles and good Interest if he must be troubled with some faâ—aticks they were some soft easy and quiet Men that stood for cyphers and were only to fill up a number and not to maintain a party 52 He takes care to restraine that Scottish spirit that is never quiet Conquerour nor conquered and remembring what sad use they had made of former indulgencies proceeds with force and rigour resolving that they should really fear him who he knew would never really love him 53 He disarmed imprisoned and innocently trappanned them though none of them sussered the least upon his account in state or life and so amused the cunning Scot with active policy that he had scarce time to think of plots or to contrive villany 54 And when some Loyall persons under the honourable Middleton attempted something 1654. he easily subdued them first dividing and then conquering them he was as ready to suppress those men that attempted any thing Inconsiderately for his Majesty as he hath been since to incourage them when they attempted any thing soberly It was about that time Oliver would have had him out of Scotland and therefore had not he opposed his Majesty then probably he had not been in a capacity to restore him now 55. In Scotland he impartially executed all Lawes enacted by the Supreame power in England tending to the peace welfare of that Nation so that his severities had not formerly enraged them more than his justice obligeth them and therefore Oliver omitted no opportunity to tempt him out of Scotland by calling him to the other house c. which temptations he dextrously put off choosing with Caesar rather to be first in Scotland than 3d. or 4th in England so that the Usurper was heard often to say that he could do many things were G. M. out of Scotland And if I am not deceived by knowing and good men the Usurper upon his death-bed when he was urged to name his successour professed It was in vain to set up a Protector in England for George Monck would bring a King out of Scotland MODERN POLICY The Second Part. ALthough upon Cromwel's death it was thought the awe whereby he checked the private designes of each party to an homage to his own was so happily removed that the severall Grandees would now publickly pursue their aime at that Supremacy to which each of them was willing to advance Cromwell first one daring enough to break the ice to an usurpation that they themselves might be his Seconds and because as Seneca saith seelera dissident their villainous Enterprises would interfer and clash each of them resolving to admit neither equall nor superiour it was thought honest men might have opportunities to joyn together in vindication of lawfull Soveraignty and publick Right while the Theeves and the a pâ—blick Robbers as the Pirates told Alexander fell out about oppression and wrong Take off the common Principles in which Rebels agree and the common persons that keep them together with those Principles their variety of humors and interests bring them immediately to a division and then to a ruine Machiavel Kings l. 2. c. 3. on Livy l. 6. c. 2. sect. 3. These Rods that have lain so long upon our backs might be singly broken when they could not be broken united and in a bundle But Cromwell taking as much care to keep usurped power as he took to gain it Nec minor est virtus quaerere quum pertatueri and being a man of {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} as Arist. de Aâ— l. 2. c. 1. Eth. 4. c. 3. of desires as vast as his thoughts and as boundless as his soul {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} as Iamblichus Carm. 6. And therefore its pitty as Socrates saith that great and good have been separated he secured not the Government with more policy to himself then he doth to his Heires after him for ever for naming his Son Richard Successor according to a power cunningly gained by him from the Parliament in a Petition and Advice 1656. he contrived him an impregnable inâ—erest first in Ireland by his Bâ—other Henry made there Lord Deputy secondly in Scotland by a Councell and an Army made up for the most part either of Relations or of Fanatiques or of New-purchasers of the Kings Queens and Bishops Lands all equally engaged to the Usurper thirdly in England 1. by a Councell made up of his Fathers own Creatures 2. An Army under his Brother in Law Fleeâ—wood Commander in chief his 〈◊〉 le Desborough as Major Generall and seveâ—all other Relations of his in great command so that his Army was like that of Abrams of his own house 3. The City awed by a pack of Sectaries under one Io. Ireton a Creature of his since the marriage of his Brother Henry with Oliver's Daughter 4. The Countrey people generally so much pleased with the obliging carriage to which Oliver
was not less carefull of morall than of the military Discipline well knowing that that Souldiery will hardly vanquish an enemy that is vanquished by its own debauchery Ireland they say endures no poyson his Excellency would endure no dangerous exorbitancy to envenom his Regiment nor any perverse Achan that would trouble his Camp and next the care of keeping his Souldiers Men and restraining them when going out of themselves within the compasse of humanity he added that of making them Souldiers that they might not be to Learn when they were to perform their duty Turpe est in arte militarj dicert non putaram 15 Besides that by his preparation the enemy might suspect that their plot was discovered and by his readinesse that it was prevented when men did but seeme to suspect an unknowne plot they have often discovered it and withall few Souldiers brought together in a military posture as they can vanquish many out of order so they can affright more the often mustering of Souldiers among a dangerous people is not the least part of their policy who know what pannick feare armed multitudes strike into the dispersed vulgar 16 His Excellencies solemn familiarity no Mother of contempt was observable whereby he insinuated himselfe so far into his Souldiers affection that they could have wished their lives doubled that they might have one life to spend for his person as they had one for his cause His Language with Caesar was not Milites but Commilitones not Souldiers but Fellow-Souldiers nor was this out of any designe so much as out of nature and that note of Livy tooke no place here Credant haud gratuitam in tanta majestate Comitatem fore that so much Majesty never condescended without designe nor was that of the Comick a good rule here Non temerarium est ubi dives blande appellat pauperem altera manu fert Lapidem panem ostentat altera Nemini credo qui longe blandus est dives pauperis 17 And when the sad time came that called for his actuall service the sad condition of Ireland now without a Deputy the last being beheaded the sad Prologue that ushered in this Tragedy the red morning of whose bloody death presaged this tempest as he prophecyed rather than spoke upon the Scaffold and by reason of the jealousies at the same time stirred up between his late Majesty and his Parliament by Rome and Hell one not daring to trust the other to be charitable without supply and assistance grapling with the power of Rome from within and from without from all the Kings that hâ—d given their power to the Beast kept his Excellency and other Worthies to the defensive and confined their care more how to save themselves handsomely then how to subdue the enemy which though their cause and valour prompted them to for qui molestos arcet ex â—ona Conscientia sumit fiduciam bonaque ei spes adest inde quod injuriam non inferat sed auferat Alex. orat ad mil. Herod 5. yet their prudence checked them from with the prudent caution in the Gospell of considering whether they were able with ten thousand to hurt them that came against them with twenty thousand for doubtlesse such and much greater was the ods between these two adversaries 18 Though his Excellency spent not that time he stayed there without some offensive sallies upon the enemy we must offend sometimes in our own defence and give our enemies occasion to complaine that we will not patiently lye open to their full stroke as that Roman brought an action against a Man because he received not his whole dart 19 Yet he was most eminent then upon necessity as he was since upon designe in a prudent reservation of himselfe It being as great skill to ward off blowes as to give them he was as wise as that Lewis of France in preventing danger who had foresights to prevent mischiefs when they were coming but not a present prudence to engage them when come though yet he was as ready in encountring dangers as that Henry of England who could as Bacon observes who drew his life with a pencill as majestick as his Scepter with ready advice command present thoughts to encounter that danger with success which he could not with foresight prevent he gave then great signes of an admirable dexterity in mannaging disadvantages vvhich he hath siâ—ce given full proofe of vvhen he opposed himselfe against a declining age engaging thousands with his single selfe 20 His stratagems were as considerable as any Mans in so narrow a command for though force and terror be most proper to wars yet we may lawfully use guile Sive dolo sive vj clamve Palamve Hom: Quicquid agendo Hostica delenda vis est Pind dolus an virtus quis in hoste requiral virg. Your enemy you lawfully may spoyle Whether by open force or secret guile Bellandum est astu levior laus in duce dextra Lesse praise I gaine By my strong hand I war with my strong braine Silius l. 5. ex Polib l. nono xenoph {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} 1. Thacid l. 5. Martis comites irae insidiaeque virg. Elharba hudiatum saith Mahomet Wars must have some deceit {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} Eust ad Il. x. versuâ— 120. so honourable is it to be wise as Serpents that Saint Chrysostome in his first Book de Saâ—erdotio pronounceth that Generall most praise-worthy that hath obtained his victory by stratagems 21 The other private particulars that that Hiâ—tory may enquire into which is due from after age to his blessed memory will not beare those grave observations which are designed in this discourse for those more publick his performances in this lower spheare being swallowed up with those of his superiors as the glories of lesser lights are undone at the appearance of a greater Wherefore 22 I passe to the cessation made by his Majesties order and the alteration in his Excellencies affaires thereupon For the jealousies forementioned being heightned to a War between his late Majesty and his two Houses of Parliament by their industry who are so well read in Machiavell as to have learned that the best way to enjoy a Kingdome is to divide it One side affirming our Government by a fundamentall constitution a {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} as Aristotle a {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} as Sophoclâ—s an {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} as Plutarch and an {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} as Strabo saith aâ— absolute and full Kingdome wherein his Majesty was {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} by no meanes obnoxious to his Subjects being Supreame over all Causes and Persons accountable to none but to the blessed God as the Hebrew Barnachman hath it who saith Iob shall say to â—ings yee are wicked or to Princes yee are ungodly The other side asserting our constitution mixt and our Supreame power
divided between the King the Lords and the Commons as Chalchondylos formerly asserted of England Arragon Navarre vide Plin. l. 6. c. 22. and some new Politicians of late who though they confesse that in the beginning Kings had all power as Pomponius and Iustine out of him yet afterwards as Tacitus observes the People established Lawes which the King was to obey Tacit. 3. Annal. Cic. de rep. 1. â—t Fenestell 3. 2. And indeed we had the best constitution of a {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} as Solon and an {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} as Lycarg is by some made to spâ—ak 23 But upon some disconteâ—tâ— the severall powers clashed and mistrusted each other and gave themselves over to such feares and jealousies as put each rashly upon thoughts of War which cannot be just unlesse it be necessary and therefore not to be undertaken upon every causlesse feare of uncertaine danger But then there were some with Attila that Cared not how the War begins If they could bring it to their ends This civil War was managed a while with variety of success that neither side should either presume or despaire 24 It pleased God his Majesty suffered some disadvantage at last successe being not commanded to attend the best cause here nor miscarrage the worst greatnesse and goodnesse justice and victory being not yet married there is so much security of the happinesse of another life that Christs Kingdome was not and our hapiness is not of this World though many have been perplexed with that question Cur bonis male sit why it fares so ill with the good yet a Bible well understood hath taught them that there is neither love nor hatred to be knowne by any thing under the Sun when we goe into the Sanctuary we are taught that its unwarrantable to appeale to heaven for the decision of this or that controversy by the successe bestowed upon this party or that cause according to its righteousnesse and due merit Pluto in Aristophanes is commanded to be as favourable to the wicked as the good because if virtue were rich she should be courted more for her dowry then for her beauty so if Justice or Religion had the advantage of prosperity we should be apt to follow it as the common Souldiers more for the prey then for the canse Christ would be followed againe for loaves 25 His Majesties unhappy affaires in England made some alterations in his Councels together with no lesse unseasonable then unlawfull interposition of those of Scotland in our affaires for since civill society was instituted its certaine the Rulers of every one have attained a speciall right in which others have no share over their own Subject so that in them onely resides the supreame power of Judgement whence there is no appeal saith Thacydides Nos quotquot hujus Colimus urbis maenia Sufficimus ipsi nostra judicia exequi Heraclides Spartam tibi quae contigit orna nobis fuerit Cura mysaenae Proâ— vandal 2. c. b. n. b. although when Subjects suffer what 's intollerable humane Society hath allowed and prompted one Nation to assist another so the Romans assisted the Persians so the English succoured the oppressed Dutch and French 26 These advantages prevailed with his Majesty to order the honourable Marquesse of Ormond to bring the Rebels to a cessation upon the most advantageous termes and to spare so many of his best Regiments for English service among whom his Excellencies is brought over as one every way accomplished for the exigence of those times affaires Neither needed his Majesty make use of a Quintili Varo redde legiones So compleat are his Companies that he might reply to his Majesty with reverence to our Saviours words and of those which you have given me I have hardly lost one 27 No sooner was he and others landed on English ground but they were entertained with a Surprize by some Parliament Forces before they had time to know which was their foe which was their friend For the Scene was altered and their noble hands were to be imbrâ—ed now in Protestant and not in Popish blood their swords were to be sheathed no longer in Irish but in English bowels It had been some comfort had it been strangers that they engaged with but alas it was with those of their own and their Fathers house It was wth their familiâ—rs those wth whom they had taken sweet councell together they of their own faith one Baptisme and one hope were their aid called against aliens it were easy to resolve saith Aristides Luctrica 5. but a suddaine disaster prevented these debates they being set upon by that Person whose undertakings were more suddaine then others thoughts and sometimes then his own 28 The Parliament were too well informed of these Regiments to give them the strengthning advantage of uniting with the Kings main body and better instructed in that maxime dum singulj pagnant vincuntur universi then to let them pass without attempts upon them singly 29 His Excellency and others were taken Prisoners and had now nothing left them but the glory of suffering for his Majesty he is deprived of all those things that make a Souldier and now what remaines but those prayers teares that may make a Martyr And in this capacity of a Prisoner did he remaine in the Tower so long as to see his Majesty utterly defeated imprisoned as himselfe the aâ—ointed of the Lord was taken in their Nets under whose shadow we said we should live in peace yea and murthered too to see Monarchy laid aside Parliaments forced Lawes Priviledges and Properties invaded by their own Patrons and the veyle that the uncertaine Warre kept on the Rebells face now by a certaine successe drawn off At their first entrance to England the Irish Forces were puzled Against whom to direct their loyall Swords while each side was for the King for Lawes for Liberty Property and Religion But now they were satisfyed in what they meant that fought for his Majesty against the King Now the whole World saw that they least intended what they most pretended {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} Homer they that sit at our helme looked one way but rowed another when they should make his Majesty glorious they summon all the wit and malice of their side to make him infamous when they should bring him to his Throne they bring him to the Scaffold the Liberty they with much blood and treasure obtained for the Parliament is it seemes an unparalleld force the Religion to be established are all the antiquated and condemned errours and heresies with the exploded Schismes that attended them so many Religions that sober unconcerned Spectators thought we had none so easy is it in a throng of Religions to loose Religion 30 His Excellency saw how prosperity opened those Persons whom another condition kept close as mid day discloseth those shels whom night keepes shut advancement discovers a Man when Appius
Israel goe with thee for the Lord is not with Israel nor with any of the Children of Ephraim â— Chron. 25. 7. Be yee not uneâ—ually yoked with misbelievers for what fellowship hath righteousnesse with unrighteousnesse what communion hath light with darknesse 2 Cor. 6. 1. 15. 42 His Excellency resolves upon the termes proposed by the Parliament for the Irish service in the capacity of a Collonel of Foot but first he must take the engagement when usurpation hath ravished just power it usually supports it selfe with the two Pillars of Armes and Oatheâ— a good Man feareth an oath and therefore his Excellency upon mature deliberation made a promise equall to an oath for a noble soule of {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} as the Persians such bonae fidei as Augustus that {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} Isoc de evag. Gunther Leg. c. Its word is as strong as its oath that he would be true and faithfull to the Common-wealth without a King or House of Lords and he is not a Man that would not be faithfull to the interest Common-wealth and good of his own Nation as well without as with a King which was the primary favourable proper and significant import of that ingagement to the best judgements of that time 43 He is no sooner made sure but he is sent by that Man of dispatch O. â— into whom the old Emperour of Germany thought Gustavus Adolphus his hasty soul was got by a metempsuchosis with Reynolds and others to Chester and thence wafted over by a favourable gale immediately to Dublin and made his way resolutely through the thickest of his enemies to relieve the distressed City where they staid not long but impatient both of restraint and delay they sally out for more elbow-room with that successe that they had the pursuit of the enemy for many miles untill they came upon my Lord of Ormond's whole Army ready for an overthrow such was their confusion and disorder The honourable Lord of Ormâ—nd unhappily thus associated being betrayed to that security that he is playing at Tables and his Army and cause lyes at stake After this Victory these lower Commanders are carried about with the rapid motions of O. C. that violent first mover who upon his first arrivall Iehu-like drave furiously tovvards Trogedah vvith all his Forces took the place by storm and spared neither Man Woman nor Child Indeed throughout he vvas resolved to use the highest right and lavv of War vvhich after ages may dare to call an injury strangers were not spared for by the Law of War strangers upon an enemies ground is an enemy Philo. de judice ex vetere Oraculo Malcho excerp legis nor sacred Persons my Lord Broghil hanged a Bishop notwithstanding the common clamour for their Father in God with an haec sunt vestimâ—nta patris no native eâ—caped the severall parts justly suffering for the guilt of the whole It s lawfull to continue the punishment of a guilty Nation for one generation after its fault Arist. Pol. 7. c. 13. Liban orat de sedit Ant. Yet its the generall Law of War if yet it have any law and it be not true what that rash head blurted that martiall Law was as absurd as martiall peace Hostis sit ille et qui extra praesidia c. Liv. 37. Baldus 1. de just Bembus Hist. 7. mercy sanctuary c. are say the Souldier for the miserable rather then for the guilty venet de Asylis Thu. 1585. Cambd. Eliz. 1593. and we tooke all his Cities at that time and utterly destroyed the Men and the Women and the little ones and we left none to remaine Deut. 2. 34. Ps. 137. ult. But with this flux of blood they said they stopped a greater Sanguinis fluxuâ— diffusi venula revocamus Tert. The very report of this siege reduced all Ireland for immediately the two next Garrisons Trim and Dundalk are quitted such a pannick fear seizing upon the Souldiers that they were not able to endure a summons this successe is seconded with the taking of Werford Rosse Kingsale Corke Youghal Bandon-bridge Barrow and Duncannon Enistroge Carricke Waterford and now Cromwell no sooner seeth a Citty or an Army but he conquers it In the meane time his Excellencies particular honour was involved in that great renown of the Generall whatever glory he acquired it was as the Civilians say for his Master 44 Ireland now acknowledging a conquest in ten months for they were there but from the midle of August 1649. to the next May 1650. which ten Ages formerly durst not boast of They return by order of Parliament to England to assist them in those dangers that threatned them on every side especially from Scotland that had ingaged it selfe by a late Treaty at Breda to assist his sacred Majesty 1. In bringing the Murtherers of his late Father of blessed memory to condigâ—ne punishment 2. In recovering his royall right 45 Cromwell being to goe for Scotland the House having now concluded that the War should be offensive and my Lord Fairfax laying down his Commission makes choice of his Excellency for one of his Commanders in that desperate expedition which he willingly undergoeth when he heard the quarrel stated by Lashley upon the account of the Old Cause and not upon the account of the King whom they disowned as one sticking too close to his Fathers sins forsooth his House Friends Judging souls thought that War was for his Majesty rather then against him that Cromwell there was loyall and that it was a great courtesy for our Soveraign to be conquered least a sad successe had gained him a Kingdome with the losse of Religion Law and Liberty however his Excellency thought it unresonable to see his Native Countrey submit its Law and Religion to the sawcy imposition of a neighbour Nation that had been indeed often taught to take Lawes from us but never to give us any 46 When his Excellency was in Scotland jealous Oliver joynes with him Lambert and Okey to watch his thoughts words and actions and to check him from any designe of loyalty which he discreetly observed and therefore managed each action committed to his trust as that against the Highlanders Dundee c. with such resolution as made him beleeved cordiall to the cause and able for service and therefore advanced him to the command of Lievtenant Generall in Scotland It was his honest ambition to be eminent in every thing he undertook so he hoped at last to arrive at that power that might sway Kingdomes to a compliance with his Majesties interest as successfully as he saw them now swayed against it 47 And therefore when his Majesty marched for England by the way of Carlisle he refused to follow him and chose rather to compleat former victories in Scotland as Commander in chiefe then to gaine new ones in England under Oliver Therefore waiting anxiously betwen hope and feare upon his Majesties successe in England he took care
August but upon some discoveries made by the unhappiness of the Honourable the Lady Howard whose Sex was not capable of that secrecy whicâ—â—her Loyalty might be intrusted with and others they were prevented in most places save onely in Cheshire Lancashire and Wales where Sir Thomas Middleton Sir George Booth Sir Philip Egerton c. by reason of their distance from the Parliament and Army got together such a considerable party that alarâ—med the whole Army under Lambert and an Irish Bâ—igade besides to march towards them whom his Excellency beheld favourably and had they brought their design to any issâ—e he would have assisted to bring those refractory Members at Westminster to some reasonable termes Although he would not have engaged against those Members being obliged unto them and thinking not with Cicero that a man may break his oath with theeves or with Brutus in Appion That {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} That the Romans esteem no faith yeaâ— nor oath to be kept with Tyrants yet would he have used his interest with them to reduce them to a Moderation But upon Sir George Booth's overthrow Lambert blown up with the success sores high and contrives that the Army now highly caressed by him with the thousand pound sent by the Parliament to buy him a Jewell c. should stickle for his Honour to be Commander in chief of all the Forces in England Scotland and Ireland the next step to the Protectorship of England Scotland and Ireland and that the Parliament in case they denied it should be dissolved which he saw done accordingly Whereupon Lambert calling together his Counsel of Officers makes sure of a correspondence with the Army in Ireland and Scotland and therefore dispatcheth Collonel Barrow for Ireland and Collonel Cobbet to General Monck who though he was a Member of the Army yet was he likewise a Servant to the Parliament and of two Confederates he is to be preferred that hath a just cause of warr The Athenians were to assist their fellows the Messenians against their other fellows the Lacedemonians Dem. Orat. de Megalop Methinks I hear his Excellency replying to Collonel Cobbet's Message as the Aâ—onans did to the Spartans Aâ—icis auxilia ferenda contra hostes non contra Aâ—icos vid. fidel Tubal l. 4. c. 31. l. 7. Ptolom apud Appianum in leg. exceptis Or with him in Alexandrides Ego esse vester non queam Commilito Quando nec leges nec mores Consentiunt Sed multis inter se Convallis discrepant Vid. Orat. Partazae ad Lazâ—s apud Agath l. 3. c. 2. n. 6. The noble Generall according to his instructions from London secures Cobbet at once preserving his Army from such dangerous inâ—inuations as that person brought along with him thither and to cut off all the advantages the Army in England might have of the information he might carry home with him It s true an Embassadour is per saecula populis sanctum noâ—en Papin Pompon. l. si quis D. de legal yea Sancta sunt carpora legatorum var. l. 3. del. Tutius regressus legatâ— Radeviâ— append de Polon. morian l. 12. de mauris so that they were not to be violated in life limb estate or liberty for it is contra jus legatorum legatos in vinculis habere Menand. de Iust. 2. Imp. But Collonell Cobbet is rather a Messenger of a Faction of Subjects then a proper Embassadour of the Supreme power and therefore he must not claim the right of an Embassadour It 's the peâ—â—liar prerogative of Majesty and Supreme Authority â—aith Dion Hulicarn to create Magistrates to make Laws to make Warre and Peace and to send Embassadours Legates must not be received from Antony for saith Cicero In that Case we have not to doe with Hanniball an enemy of the Common-wealth but with â—ne of our own Countrey Nobly doth the Generall imprison him who brought along with him the face of a Faction and the authority of Rebels who would have honoured him Si senatus faciem secum attulerat auctoritatem reip. Cic. Philip 7. And then his Excellency feeling the temper of his Army upon Collonell Cobbets Message according to the power given him when he was made Commissioner for governing of the Army with Sir Arthur Haslerig Collonell Walton Collonell Morley Collonell Okey â— by the Parliament just before their dissolution he models it and secures such Officers as he found either too loosely principled or already too dangerously engaged to be entrusted in so honourable an expedition as he resolved upon in Tantillon Castle fiâ—st and since in the Basle Iâ—lands so confining their principles and persons within those walls which otherwise might have too sad an influence upon that whole Army and Nation And then thinks fit to declare his resolution to assert the aâ—thority of Parliaments against all violence whatsoever in two Remonstrances one to the whole Nation and the other to the Churches Whereupon the English Officers bethink themselves of a Deâ—laration too wherein supposing the end of Government to be the publick good they must perswade the world that they are the onely promoters of that in the world In melle sunt linguae sita vestraeâ— atque orationes lacte cordâ— felle sunt â—ita atque acerbo aceto e linguis dicta dulcia datis ut corde amara facitis Pretence white as milk And as soft as silk Will do the feat Your hearts as sowre as gall Purpose our thrall And thus ye cheat They ravish us with apprehensions of liberty while they enthrall us with oppression and as their usuall manner is they bespatter the Parliament with their foulest ink making according to an ordinary figure in Policy every infirmity a fault and every fault a crime yea they were almost ready to swallow that grosse abuse {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} Isocrates of makingâ— the Office guilty of the Officers abuse And withall they declare the necessity of their proceedings they thus make a virtue of necessity seeing no other virtue will be so easily induced to serve their proceediâ—gs and she may well be the patron of all licentiousness who her self hath no law They declare the necessity of continuing the cashiered Officers in power which is a necessity onely of their own creating and â—ignifies no more but that they are compelled to cover wrong with wrong as if it were not enough to have done miâ—chief with an Army but we must continue that Army to defend and justifie it Their {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} is That his Majesty must be kept out of his just rights and that the Nation be deprived of their Laws Liberties Religion â— And thence it follows as a Conclusion becoming that Premise that it 's â—ecessary our Army be commanded by Persons that are the worst Rebels against the one and the greatest Violators of the other {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} But his
Excellencies rationall Declaration which he published to give the world the same satisfaction for his undertakings that he had already in his own breast scorning the {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} of {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} Ioseph An. 15. Crantz Saxon. 11. Nicet l. 3. 4. and willing to provide honest things â—ven in the sight of men out-weighed their Pamphlet with the Judicious because they saw in his few words for he with Stenelaidos the Ephor would not stand debâ—ting with words being injured above words that he asserted Authority the ligament of humane society against Violence and Rebellion he asserted the true publique instead of a private good he stood for liberty against licentiousness and oppression In a word because they saw him expressing himself throughout like a Person of worth and honour After this {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} of the Armies Declaration they send two more Messengers to his Excellency his dear Brother in Law Doctor Clerges and another to satisfie him more fully of their proceedings for his Excellency as if he wanted nothing else all this while but good intelligence writes them an ambiguous Letter intimating that he might comply with them better if he had but the happiness to understand them Indeed it was but prudence to suspend all expressions that might make them despair of his compliance with them untill he were ready to appear against them And these are followed by Whaley and Goffe Caryl and Barker as Messengers from the Churches who had a Bird for every Conquerour It s the boast of a Dutchman that he can sail with all winds the Compass breaths not more varieties then these dexterous souls have changes and garbs and suitable compliâ—nces It s the perfection of an Oratour to make happy applications to the severall humours and geniusses of all sorts of men That 's the character of these Church-men these Independent Willows are pliant to the poor power of a contemptible Committee of Safty as Alcibiades shifted disposition as â—e altered place so they proportion themselves to time place person religion with such a plausibleness as if they had been born onely to serve that Opinion which they harboured but as a guesse while it continued in sway In the mean time his Excellency being by a call as he expressed himself to the Convention from God and man engaged for England to restore the Parliament to their due freedome and honour assembles the Nobility and Gentry of Scotland at Edenburgh to whom he proposed 1. That they would secure the peace of that Nation during his absence which would not be long 2. That they would supply him with some men for this undertaking which he engaged upon his Honour should be to their satisfaction 3. That they would advance what money they could beforehand And hearing by the Earl of Glencarne the Chair-man oâ— that Assembly that 1. The Scots were since their being disarmed uncapable of keeping the peace 2. That they were so unconcerned in the issue of his undertakings that they saw no reason they should engage with him 3. That they would advance a yeares tax before-hand 1. He gives the Lords and Gentry power to arm themselves 2. He satiâ—fieth them privately in the design of his expedition 3. And accepts of their yeares tax O rare beâ—ore-hand that being what he first intended though what he last proposed And thereupon he dismisseth the Assembly which he would not have called together but in a case of necessity which makes any thing lawfull it being one of the Regalia as G. Tholos hath it to call Assemblies And then he resolves to stay no longer then his supplies of men and money come in In the mean time he encourageth Sir Charles Coote the Lord Brohill c. to take this opportunity to reduce Ireland with it's sectarian Governours the first poisenous Creatures that ever came over thither according to their design layed before any thoughts of the dissolution of this Long Parliament but he advised them to proceed leisurely and by piece-meal for that which at one view would be a mâ—rmo to fright them give it them but in part and it would please them All great mutations saith the noble Falkland are dangerous even where what is introduced by that mutation is such as would have been very profitable upon a primary foundation Yet hearing that Lambert was coming against him with thirteen thousand men resolved pro regno patriam penates conjugem flammis dare indeed Imperia pretio quolibet constat bene according to the advice of an high-spirited Fury he with that King in the Parable sits down and considers with himself whether with his seven thousand men which was all he could bring to the field from his Garrisons the Highlands and the new supplies was able to enter battell with his enemy that leadeth thirteen thousand and finding himself too weak before the enemy enters his Territories he sends Messengers of peace he thinking of the unexpected Accidents before he did engage Thucydides adviseth was loth to hazard the jusâ—ice of his Cause upon the chances of a battell we may quit something of our own right to avoid pursuing it with so much hurt to other men as Warre carrieth along with it Vict. de jure bel n. 14. 33. Arist. Polit. 4. Rhet. ad Alex. 3. Pausan. l. 5. Philost l. 23. Sen. suas 5. Yet withall he provides for Warre being as Ioseph 2. Cont. Appian To preserve the Laws other losses he could bear patiently but when he is forced to depart from the Laws then he will fight even beyond his strength and endure all extremitie of Warre He sends three to treat with those at Wallingford viz. Collonell Wylkes Lieutenant Collonell Clobery and Major Knight with letters to Gen. Fleetwood intimating his readiness to comply upon reasonable terms with his old friends and fellow souldiers and his sorrow for the advantages which were given the common enemy by this unseasonable distance of friends But withall he sends letters to the City to encourage them to stand fast in their Liberty for their Laws Priviledges Properties and lawfull Government for which he there expressed himself ready to live and die which letters were delivered by Collonell Alured and Collonell Markham but by reason of the conclusion the fore-mentioned Treaters came to so contrary to the contents of those letters they were a while under Cassandraes fate of not being believed though they brought in them the highest truths imaginable as time the father of truth hath since made manifest The Treaty is concluded in an agreement upon these termes 1. That his Majesties Title be renounced 2. That England Scotland and Ireland be governed as a free State without any single Person or House of Peers 3. That an able and a godly Ministry be encouraged and the Universities regulated 4. That the Army be not disbanded without its own consent 5. That there
be a meeting of three from Scotland three from Ireland and three from England not Officers of the Army and five from Scotland and five from Ireland and five from England Officers of the Army to consult about a further settlement But his Excellency had discreetly reserved to himself the ratification of the Treaty so that nothing should be of force untill he confirmed it with his own Seal and therefore upon the return of his Commissioners by his own order he imprisoning Collonell Wylkes for going beyond his Commission declareth the Treaty void and marcheth â—owards the Borders intending to make Bâ—rwick which he had secured at first his Head-quarters holding correspondence with his friends all over England espâ—ciall in the West as the information Collonell Cobbet gave his friends at Wallingford House intimated At Bâ—rwick he gave the Messengers of the Army and of the Churches very plausible answers which yet signified nothing receiving and dismissing them with great respect but yeilding to them nothing prejudiâ—iall to his cause so that one of the Ministers upon his return home must needs tell his Congregation That the seed of the Serpent is irreconcileable with the seed of the woman Fabius saved Rome by a delay his Excellency being advised from England That if he could keep at distance with his Adversary untill the first of Ianuary the work would be done without bloud-shed make some overtures of peace with Lambert but alwayes insisting upon the re-admission of the Parliament to the exercise of their trust to be granted before they enter upon any Treaty Now some Commissioners for the Parliament viz. Haslerig Walton and Morley having gained Portsmouth with the consent of Collonell Wheâ—ham formerly of the Counsell of Scotland whereof his Excellency was Preâ—â—dent and Lawson notwithstanding all endeavours by that Syren Vane to perswade him to the contrary declaring with the Navy for the Parliament and the Land forces for want of pâ—y revolting the Army in the North mouldereth away and yieldeth to time and delay Thus all force being removed from the Parliament and they sitting thought themselves not safe untill he by his authority and presence came to awe the Soâ—ldiery and the tumults that want nothing but an Head to lead them to another Rebellion His Excellency whom former Powers could not draw from Scotland with either fear or favour takes this opportunity to of affairs throughout his progress to a subserviency to his design do his Countrey and King a publick right And so though ordered to bring with him onely three hundred men and dispose the rest for quarters he marcheth with his whole Army modelling such Garrisons and Forces as he met with to a posture subservient to his design intrusting them with men faithfull to his and the Nations Interest which were now no more two but one and commending the care of Scotland to Major Generall Morgan a Person very industrious in assisting his Excellency going to him in his greatest extremity from London to encourage him and his Army to a resolution in those designes that were as great as they were good he marcheth with his own Army which he knew was tryed and faithfull whereas the other Forces an aire dato conduct a cohors bellica miles dona sequens pretioque suum nâ—utarâ— favorem suetus acceptâ— pariter cum munere bello hunc habuisse dator pretii quem jusserit hostem Bell. de re mil. 2. p. t. 2. n. 4. would upon the least temptation as he told the Parliament betray both himself and them too And in his way finds the Honourable Lord Fairfax with Sir H. Cholmely c. in Armes against free Quarter and for a free Parliament with whom he had private conference to each parties satisfaction Here he receives a Message from the City by the Sword-bearer to which he returns this Answer 1. That he was resolved for the Parliament as it was on the 11. of Octob. last 2. And yet when he came to the City which he said would be shortly he assures them he would satisfie their expectation Thus at once he keeps himself to his own Commission owns the onely face of Authority then in being under whose Authority he might act safely yet privately manageth things according to his own principles and thoughts So inferiour Orbes suffer themselves to be swayed by the motion of the superiour while yet they steal a motion of their own The Parliament serve the Publick for themselves His Excellency will serve them for the Publick Being inviolably constant to his Principles of Virtue and religious Prudence his Ends are noble and the meanes he useth innocent His Worth had led him to the Helm of our State The Rudder he useth is an honest and vigorous Wisdome The Starre he looks on for direction is in Heaven and the Port he aimes at is the joynt welfare of Prince and People And then he proceeds towards London being courted by the Countries as he passed as the Patron of Authority Law Liberty and Property his Expedition looking like a Kings Progress rather then a Souldiers March and addressed â—o by the most considerable Gentry to use his interest in restoring them to their Birth-rights their Laws their Priviledges and a full and a free Parliament whose desires if he had satisfied he had utterly disappointed for to have discovered himself had been to defeat the hope of the whole Nation Veritatem voluit celari non mendacium dici Aug. q 20. in Gen. And therefore he usually answered them that he would see 1. All force removed from the Parliament 2. The House filled 3. See that there be good provision made for future Parliaments And so he kept himself dark to his Adversaries and his common Friends though he was light to himself his Prince and his discreeter Friends Quibus pro sermone nutus motusque membrorum est uti Plin. de AEthiopum Gente l. 6. 30. {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} Arist. Nu. 4. c. 8. Incerta disseruit tracturus interpretationem pro ut conduxisset Tacit. Hist. 3. He gave answers doubtfull and inclining whither they were drawn Manass Ben. Iser Concil. q. 39. Notwithstanding there were two sent of purpose to watch him Scot and Robinson who returned as wise as they came His Excellency dropped never a syllable that Suspition it self could be afraid of all the while they were with him every word he let fall was the well-weighed issue of Judgement and Reason that did signifie but not betray his mind His expressions were Oracles as well for their clear worth to his discerning Friends as for their dark doubtfulness to his preying Enemies So Christ himself spoke to his Enemies in Parables About this time his Excellency saw how dangerous it had been for him to deresentment of the Parâ— hard usage to those that made address to him clare for the Nations right when it was high misdemeanour but humbly to wish for it
City at Guild-Hall peremptorily demands the Assessement by an order from the Parliament and the Council of State to which demand proceeding from him beyond expectation the City after a little respit for extasy and amazement return this answer In Magna Charta confirmed by the Petition of Right and renewed by this present Parliament a day before their forcible dissolution upon the 11. of Octob. they were to pay no Taxes c. but by their consent iâ— Parliament which now they had not Yet to give no offence to the Parliament the Council of State or his Excellency desire time to consider of it and indeed those debates upon which depended the welfare of the Nation with its Liberties priveledges and properties called for time and leisure His Excellency in the mean time writes to the House to know theiâ— pleasure to which they answer that 1. He should imprison the Honourable Col. Bromfield Alder Bludworth L. C. Jackson Maâ—or Cox c. 2. That he should remove their Chaines digge up their posts and break their Gates Which strange orders were sent not only to try his Excellencys patience and obedience but to make that emnity open which was but suspected between him and the City so did Achitophel advise Absolom to ravish his Fathers Concubines before all Israel that Israel might be assured that he and his Father were enemies And his Excellency obeys them readily thereby gaining an opportunity to discover the genius of the City which he had not otherwise there known certainly to be â—o resolute for and so true to Liberty and right But the Parliament as they intended that by that imployment so offensive to the City he should weaken his Intâ—rest so they contrive that while he is busy in it he should be weakned in his power His Commission for Generalship expiring they renew it not according to his desert but impower six more of themsâ—lves to be equal with him in command that never came neer him in meâ—its according to their interest viz. Hazslerig Walton Morley c. which when his Army heared as they were not satisfied with their late imployment so much less were they satisfied with this reward the lessening of their Generals power when they might justly expect his advancement and therefore being assured of the City by a conference at the three Tunns at Guild-Hall his Excellencies Head quarters They humbly remonstrate First their sence of that violence they were commanded to offer the renowned City a violence unparraleld in our worst of daies which though they made havock of most part of the Nations yet spared the ancient City for its late performances too honourable and for its antiquity too reverend to be so abused Secondly their fear of several persons eminent in this late disturbance who had their freedome within and without the City to consult plot and design what might reduce us to our former misery Thirdly their abhorrency of a late Petition delivered in the House by Praise-God Barebone so subversive of all order and power so dangerous to all Religion worship and discipline so destructive to all Lawes Statutes and Customes that to repeat it was to confute and condemne it and all sober eyes have as soon abhorred it as seen it Fourthly Their wish that the Parliament would quickly determine their session and provide for succeeding Parliaments Which as soon as his Excellency had communicated to the Speaker by a Letter he marched to London for quarters declaring for a Free Parliament and casting himself upon the love and faithfulness of the City and Countrey that they might stand by him in the prosecution of publick good In which resolution he persisted notwithstanding 1. The flatteries of the House cajoling him with the Honour of Hampâ—on Court and his Brother the Honorable Sir Th. Clergis with the Hamper Office which was worth a 1000 l. a year .2 Their snares into which had it not been for his incomparable Lady he mighâ— have been trappanned by a dinner to which he was to be invited by the Council of State 3. their threatnings expressed in Haslerigs Speeches that breathed nothing but fire and sword In the mean time taking his quarters among the Citizens he expects patiently the issue of the Parliaments debates in answer to his last Letters to them and finding they thought of nothing but the setling of their own interest and continuing of their power he desired the messengers they sent to treat with him to delay time to procure a conference between some Members of the House and some honourable patriots that were excluded from it which was granted and had before him â—or mâ—tual information in which he judiâ—iously weighed each sides reasons and arguments being all the while silent himself and concluding with himself upon the result of the whole that the settlement intended by the hoâ—se was upon â—oundations too narrow to bear up a publike good he resolved to withdraw all force from the house and admit men of more sober moderate and therefore of a more pâ—blick spirit who would establish us upon â—ermes compâ—ehenâ—ive of every considerable interest among us making each part happy in the welfâ—re of the whole which he did upon the one and twentieth of February Cressane careat pulchra dies nota 5. Meeting the Secluded Members at White-hall and expressing himselâ— to them in a speech not delivered by himself to avoid offence but by his Secretary wherin he commended to their care 1. Religion that {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} as Ari. stol 7. that first care of Magistrates it being in Platâ— and Plutarch Coagulum omnis societatis fundamentum and efficacissimum vinculum benevolae amicitiae unius dei Cultis Philo so great an awe hath Religion had alwaies upon the spirits of men prevailed with by the thoughts of eternal weal and woe that to settle it {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} {non-Roman} Iust. Mart. Apol. would be a royal work which his Excellency pâ—oposed in the most sober and moderate way imaginable between some mens too close and severe rigor whiâ—h hiâ— Excellency had diâ—countenanced in Scotland and others too loose indulgenâ—e which he checked by a publike â—islike of a Sermon preached before him at St. Pauls for that abomination that makes desolate I meane a toleration for every one to do what is good in his own eyes 2. He commends to them the State desiring them to provide for a Free and full Parliament in whose resolves he himself and the whole Nation might acquiess As soon as they sit they vote his Excellency according to agreement Lord General of all the Forces in England Scotland and Ireland which trust he managed with much discretion and faithfulness modelling his Army to a temper suitable with the designes he had in hand disarming the Phanatiques in City and Countrey in the mean time taking care to arm Loyalty while he â—ayd the Factions naked Now to let the world see