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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A35222	The English empire in America, or, A prospect of His Majesties dominions in the West-Indies ... with an account of the discovery, scituation, product, and other excellencies of these countries : to which is prefixed a relation of the first discovery of the New World called America, by the Spaniards, and of the remarkable voyages of several Englishmen to divers places therein : illustrated with maps and pictures by R.B., author of Englands monarchs, &c., Admirable curiosities in England, &c., Historical remarks of London, &c., The late wars in England, &c., and The history of Scotland and Ireland.	R. B., 1632?-1725?	1685 (1685)	Wing C7319; ESTC R21113	146,553	216

going so that all the company perisht by famine or other extremities except the Pilot and three or four Mariners who all likewise died soon after their arrival leaving to Columbus their Landlord their Papers with some account of their Discoveries the time place Countrey and name of this Pilot is uncertain and therefore other Authors affirm it to be a fable or Spanish contrivance as envying that an Italian and Forreigner should have the glory of being the first discoverer of the Indies and the more judicious Spaniards account it a Tale and give a more probable Relation thereof and of the cause which moved Columbus to this mighty undertaking and not the Pilots Papers or reports For they write that Christopher Colon or Columbus was born at Nervi in the Territories of Genoa and bred a Mariner from his Child-hood trading into Syria and other Eastern Countries after which he learnt the art of making Sea Cards and went to Portugal to acquaint himself with the Coasts of Africa and there married In sayling about these Seas he observed that at certain seasons of the year the winds blew from the West for a great while together and judging they came from some Coasts beyond the Sea he was so concerned that he resolved to make a Trial thereof He was now forty years old and propounding to the State of Genoa that if they would furnish him with Ships he would find a way by the West to the Islands of Spices they rejected it as a dream or idle fancy Being thus frustrate of his hopes he goes to Portugal and communicates his design to King Alphonsus but with the same success upon which he sent his Brother Bartholomew Columbus to King Henry the Seventh of England to sollicit his assistance while himself went into Spain to impiore aid of the Castilians Bartholomew was unhappily taken by Pirates in his voyage to England who robbing him and his company of all they had he at length arrived and was forced to get a mean livelyhood by making Sea Cards and in a short time presents a Map of the World to King Henry with his Brothers offer of discovery which the King gladly accepted and sent for him into England But he had sped in his suit before in Spain for coming thither and conferring with two able Spanish Pilots they advised him to apply himself to the Dukes of Medina Sidonia and Medina Caeli who giving him recommendation to the Queens Confessor he arrived at the Court of Castile in 1486. but Ferdinando and Isabella then King and Queen of Spain being ingaged hotly in the Wars of Granada against the Moors he at first found but cold entertainment Thus he continued for some time in a mean and contemptible Condition till at length the Archbishop of Toledo procured him audience where he was favourably received and promised dispatch upon concluding the Wars in Granada and accordingly he was furnished with three Caravels at the Kings charges and sixteen thousand Duckets in money In 1492. August 3. Columbus accompanied with about one hundred and Twenty Persons set sail for Gomera one of the Canary Islands where having refresht after many days they encountred the Sea called Sargasso from an Herb like Sampire wherewith it is so covered that it appears like a green Field with empty berries like a Gooseberry and is so thick that the Water cannot be seen hindring the passage of the Ship without a strong wind these weeds are thought to reach to the bottom of the Sea though there exceeding deep and above four hundred miles distant from the Coast of Africa This strange accident much surprized the Spaniards and had occasioned their return had not the sight of some birds incouraged them with hopes of Land not far off After thirty three days sayling despairing of success the company mutined threatning to throw Columbus into the Sea disdaining that a Genouse stranger should thus abuse them but at length by soft words and strong promises he qualified their anger Oct. 11. following one Roderigo di Triana cried out Land Land the best musick that Columbus could desire who to pacify the Spaniards had ingaged that if no Land appeared in three days he would then return one of the company the night before had descried Fire which raised his expectation of having some great reward from the King of Spain of which being frustrate at his return he in a rage renounced his Christianity and turned Moor. With Tears of Joy the late mutinous Mariners behold the desired Land and they that Yesterday were ready to destroy now as far distracted with contrary passions imbrace and almost adore their dear Columbus for so happily bringing them to this Land of Promise On shore they go and felling a Tree make a Cross thereof which they there erected and took possession of this New World in the name of the Catholick King They first landed in an Island called Guanah●ni one of the Lucai which Columbus named St. Salvadore from whence he sayled to Baracoa an Haven on the North side of the Isle of Cuba and landing inquired of the Inhabitants for Cipango or Japan which they understanding to be Cibao in Hispaniola where are the richest Mines they made signs to them that they were in Haiti which name they gave to Hispaniola and some of them went with him thither but no earthly joy is without some disaster for here their Admiral split upon a Rock but the men were saved by the help of other Ships This happened on the North part of Hispaniola where they saw some Inhabitants who for fear of strangers instantly fled into the Mountains One woman they got whom they used kindly giving her meat drink and clothes and so dismissing her who declaring their civility to the rest they soon came in Troops to the Ships judging the Spaniards to be some Divine Nation sent from Heaven Though before they thought them Canibals or Man-eaters and such indeed they afterward proved in some sense not leaving in some few years after their arrival above two hundred Indians alive of four Millions that before inhabited these Countries Before the discovery of this Island by Columbus the People were informed thereof by an Oracle for one of their Kings being very importunate with their Zemes or Gods to know future events fasted five days together spending his time in continual mourning After which the Zemes declared That some years after there would arrive a strange Nation clothed bearded and armed with shining Swords which would out a man asunder in the middle who should destroy the ancient Images of their Gods abolish their Ceremonies and slay their Children In remembrance of which Oracle they composed a solemn Elegy which upon Holy days they used mournfully to sing Nothing more pleased the Spaniards than the Gold which the Innocent Inhabitants exchanged with them for Bells Glasses Points and other Trifles Columbus got leave of the King of Hispaniola to build a Fort and leaving 38 Spaniards therein taking with him six

he would restore him to his Liberty and Kingdom he would fill up a large Room at Guatimala with Gold and Silver which was thrice as much as Atabaliba had promised adding that his Father Guayna who was a great Sorcerer had commanded him on his Death-bed to be kind to the white and Bearded Men who should come and rule in those parts Atabaliba hearing of these offers sent to have his Brother put to death which the Spaniards took no notice of and which seemed justly to befall him since he had before Murthered another of his Brethren and drunk in his Skull as he had sworn to deal with Atabaliba The Caribee Islands In this Kingdom of Peru is an High Mountain called Periacaca upon which Joseph Acosta ascended as well provided as possible being sensible of the Danger but in the ascent he and his Companions were suddenly surprized with looseness and Vomiting casting up Flegm Choler and Bloud so that they expected present death There are other Desarts in Peru called Punas where the Air cuts off men without feeling a small breath depriving them sometimes of their feet and hands which fall off like leaves in Autumn without pain and other times of their Lives and yet after death the same piercing cold Air preserves the body from Putrefaction Cuba an Island of 230 Leagues in length was about this time possessed by the Spaniards where they executed great severity as well as in other places A certain Lord of great power who had fled over the Continent to this Isle to avoid either death or perpetual Captivity hearing that the Spaniards were come hither having assembled the Principal Indians spake to them to this effect Countrymen and Friends you are not ignorant of the rumour that the Spaniards are arrived amongst us neither need I tell you how barbarously they have used the Inhabitants of Hispaniola you know it by too certain Intelligence nor can we hope to find them more merciful than they did But my dear Countrymen do you know their Errand if not I will tell you the cause of their coming they worship some covetous and insatiate God and to content their greedy Deity they require all our Gold and Silver from us for this they endeavour continually to murther and enslave us See here this little Chest of Gold and therein behold the God of the Spaniards therefore if you think fit let us dance and sing before this their God perhaps we may hereby appease his rage and he will then command his worshippers to let us alone To this motion they all assented and danced round about the Box till they were throughly wearied when the Lord thus proceeded If we should keep this God till he be taken from us we shall be certainly slain I therefore think it expedient for us to cast him into the River whose Counsel being followed the Chest was thrown into the River When the Spaniards first landed in this Island this Nobleman having sufficient experience of their cruelty avoided them as much as possible still flying and defending himself by force of Arms upon all occasions at length being taken for no other reason but endeavouring to preserve his Life from his Enemies he was by the Spaniards burnt alive being tied to a Stake a Franciscan Monk began to discourse him of God and the Articles of his Religion telling him that the small time allowed him by the Executioner was sufficient to make his Salvation sure if he did heartily believe in the true Faith having a while considered his words he asked the Monk whether the Door of Heaven was open to the Spaniards who answering yea then said he Let me go to Hell that I may not come where they are In this Island the Spaniards got above a Million of Gold and vast sums more in the other spacious Provinces of this New World the greatest part whereof came into their Possession in a few years and which they enjoy to this very day CHAP. II. The Voyages and Discoveries of several Englishmen into America IN the former Chapter I have according to my usual scantling given a sufficient account of the Fortunate Acquisitions of the Spaniards and now think my self in justice obliged to let my Countrymen know what Adventurous Voyages and extream dangers some of our brave English Spirits have surmounted in their Discoveries of this New World wherein I shall follow the Sun beginning first Northward and so proceed toward and beyond the Equinoctial I. In which number Sir Sebastian Cabot ought to be first mentioned born and living in England though a Venetian Gentleman by Extraction who in 1496 at the charge of Henry the 7th King of England set out with two Carravels for discovering a Northwest ●assage to Cathay and the East-Indies according to the design which Columbus had first suggested to him in pursuit whereof he is reported to have sailed to 67 Degrees of Northern Latitude upon the Coast of America and finding Land called it Prima Vista the Inhabitants wore the Skins of Beasts there were white Bears and Stags far greater than ours with great pi●●ty of Seal and Sole fish above a yard long and such vast quantities of other Fish that they sometimes staid the course of the Ship the Bears caught these Fish with their Claws and drawing them to Land eat them he then discovered all along the Coast to Florida and afterward returned at which time strong preparations being making for Wars with Scotland this design was wholly laid aside to the great prejudice of the English Nation who in all probability might have made themselves Quarter-masters at least with the Spaniards in the wealthiest Parts and Provinces of America if the business had been well followed Sir Sebastian himself went immediately to Spain and was imployed by that King in discovering the Coasts of Brasil and though he afterward returned again to England in 1549. and was honoured by King Edward the Sixth with the Title of Grand Pilot of England and the yearly Pension of an hundred and sixty Pound yet his design was never effectually revived II. Sir Martin Frobisher justly deserves the second place who in the reign of Queen Elizabeth made three several voyages to discover the North-west Passage June 15. 1576 he sailed from Blackwall and July 7 had sight of Frizeland but could not get ashoar because of the abundance of Ice and an extream Fog July 20. he had sight of an High Land which he named Queen Elizabeths Foreland very full of Ice but sailing further Northward he descried another Foreland with a Great Bay whereinto he entred calling it Frobishers Streights supposing it to divide Asia from America Having sailed sixty Leagues he went ashore and was encountred with mighty Deer who ran at him indangered his Life He had there a sight of the Savage Inhabitants who rowed to his Ship in Boats of Seals Skins they eat or rather devour raw Flesh and Fish their hair was long and black broad faces flat noses colour tawny

which they hide a Mile asunder when the Indians hunt him which is commonly in Winter they run him down sometimes in half a day otherwhile a whole day but never give over till he is tired the Snow being usually four Foot deep and the Beast very heavy he sinks every st●p and as he runs breaks down the Trees in his way with his Horns as big as a Mans Thigh at last they get up and pierce him with their Lances upon which the poor Creature groans and walks on heavily till at length he sinks and falls like a ruined Building making the Earth shake becoming a Sacrifice to the Victors who cut him up and making a Fire near the place they there Boil and eat their Venison fetching their drink from the next Spring being unacquainted with any other till the French and English taught them the use of that cursed Liquor called Rum Rumbullion or Kill-devil stronger than Spirit of Wine drawn from the dross of Sugar and Sugar Canes which they love dearer than their lives wherewith if they had it they would be perpetually drunk though it hath killed many of them especially old Women Their Wars are with their Neighbouring Tribes but the Mowhawks especially who are Enemies to all other Indians their Weapons were Bows and Arrows but of late he is a poor Indian that is not Master of two Guns which they purchase of the French with Powder and Shot the Victors Flea the Skin off the Skull of the Principal slain Enemies which they carry away in Triumph their Prisoners they bring home the old Men and Women they knock on the Head the young Women they keep and the Men of War they Torture to death as the Eastern Indians did two Mowhawks whilst I was there they bind him to a Tree and make a great Fire before him then with sharp Knives they cut off his Fingers and Toes then clap upon them hot Embers to sear the Veins thus they cut him to pieces joint after joint still applying Fire for stanching the Blood making the poor Wretch Sing all the while when Armes and Legs are gone they Flea the Skin off their Heads and presently apply thereto a Cap of burning Coals then they open his Breast and take out his Heart which while it is yet living in a manner they give to their old Squa's or Women who are every one to have a bit of it These Barbarous Customs they used more frequently before the English came but since there are endeavours to Convert them to Christianity by Mr. Eliot and his Son who Preach to them in their own Language into which they have likewise Translated the Bible these go Clothed like the English live in framed Houses have Stocks of Corn and Cattel about them which when Fat they bring to Market some of their Sons have been brought up Schollers in Harward Colledge New-England is seated in the midst of the Temperate Zone yet is the Clime more uncertain as to heat and cold than those European Kingdoms which are in the same Latitude The Air is cleer healthful and Agreeable to the English well watered with Rivers having variety of Beasts both tame and wild with several sorts of Trees and excellent Fruits the Commodities it yeildeth are rich Furs Flax Linnen Amber Iron Pitch Tarr Cables Masts and Timber to build Ships with several sorts of Grain wherewith they drive a considerable Trade to Barbado's and other English Plantations in America supplying them with Flower Bisket Salt Flesh and Fish and in return bring Sugars and other Goods To England they trade for Stuffs Silks Cloath Iron Brass and other Utensils for their Houses The weights and measures are the same with England The English posesss many potent Colonies being very numerous and powerful and are governed by Laws of their own making having several Courts of Judicature where they meet once a mouth so they be not repugnant to the Laws of England every Town sends two Burgesses to their great and solemn General Court The Government both Civil and Ecclesiastical is in the hands of the Independents or Presbyterians The Military part of their Government is by one Major General and three Serjeant Majors to whom belong the four Countys of Suffolk Middlesex Essex and Norfolk They have several fine Towns whereof Boston is the Metropolis likewise Dorchester Cambridg beautified with two Colledges and many well built Houses Reading Salem Berwick Braintree Bristoll Concorde Dartmouth Dedham Dover Exeter Falmouth Glocester Greensharbour Hampton Harford Haverhill Weymouth Yarmouth New Haven Oxford Salisbury Taunton Southampton Newbury Springfield Sudbury Ipswich Li● Hull Sandwich Malden Norwich Roxbury Sandwich Wenham Rowley Hingham and others most of them having the names of some Towns in England The present Governor for his Majesty of England is Henry Cranfield Esquire CHAP. V. A prospect of New York with the Scituation Plantation and Product thereof New York so called from our present gracious Sovereign when Duke of York formerly namel● New-Netherlands being part of that new-New-England which the Dutch one possessed it was first discovered by Mr Hudson and sold presently by him to the Dutch withou● Authority from his Sovereign the King of England in 1608. The Hollanders in 1614. began to plant there and called it New-Netherlands but Sir Samuel Argall Governor of Virginia routed them after which they go● leave of King James to put in there for fresh water in their passage to Brasile and did not offer to plant till a good while after the English were setled in the Country In 1664. his late Majesty King Charles the Second sent over four Commissioners to reduce the Colonies into bounds that had before incroached upon each other who marching with 300 Redcoats to Manhadees or Manhataes took from the Dutch their cheif Town then called New-Amsterdam now New-York and Aug. 29. turned out their Governor with a Silver Leg and all the rest but those who acknowledged subjection to the King of England suffering them to enjoy their Houses and Estates as before thirteen daies after Sir Robert Car took the Fort and Town of Aurania now called Albany and twelve daies after that the Fort and Town of Arosapha then Dela-ware Castle man'd with Dutch and Sweeds So that now the English are Masters of three handsome Towns three strong Forts and a Castle without the loss of one man the first Governor of these parts for the King of England was Colonel Nichols one of the Commissioners This Country is blessed with the richest soyl in all New-England I have heard it reported from men of Judgment saies my Author that one Bushel of European wheat hath yeilded an hundred in one year The Town of New-York is well seated both for Trade security and pleasure in a small Isle called Manahatan at the mouth of the great River Mohegan which is very commodious for Shipping and about two Leagues broad the Town is large built with Dutch Brick alla Moderna consisting of above 500 fair Houses the meanest not

useful particulars By R. B. Price One Shilling 2. ADmirable Curiosities Rarities and Wonders in Englan● Scotland and Ireland or an Account of many remarkable persons and places and likewise of the Battels Siege ●rodigious Earthquakes Tempests Inundations Thunders Lightnings Fires Murders and other considerable occurrences and accidents for many hundred years past Together with the natural and artificial Rarities in every County in England with severa● curious Sculptures Price One Shilling 3. HIstorical Remarks and Observations of the Ancient and present State of London Westminster shewing the Foundations Walls Gates Towers Bridges Churches Rivers Wards Halls Companies Government Courts Hospitals Schools Inns of Court Charters Franchises and Priviledges thereof with an account of the mos● remarkable Accidents as to Wars Fires Plagues and other Occurrences for above Nine hundred years past in and about these Cities to the Year 1681. and a description of the manner of the Tryal of the late Lord Stafford in Westminster-Hall Illustrated with Pictures with the Arms of the 65 Companies of London and the time of their Incorporating Price One Shilling 4. THE Fifth Edition of the Wars in England Scotland and Ireland being near a third enlarged with very considerable Additions containing an Impartial Account of all the Battels Sieges and other Remarkable Transactions Revolutions and Accident● which have happened from the beginning of the Reign of King Charles the First 1625 to His Majesties happy Restauration 1660 The illegal Tryal of King Charles the First at large with his las● Speech at his Suffering And the most considerable matters which happened till 1660. with Pictures of several Remarkable Accidents Price One Shilling Ten other very usefull pleasant and necessary Books are lately published all sold by Nath. Crouch at the Bell in the Poultrey near Cheapside V. THE History of the Kingdoms of Scotland and Ireland containing 1. An Account of the most Remarkable Transactions and Revolutions in Scotland for above Twelve hundred years past during the Reigns of sixty eight Kings from the year of our Lord 424. to the Happy Union of both Kingdoms under King James the Sixth of Scotland and First of England of Blessed Memory in 1602. and among other particulars The lamentable Murther of King Duffe with the strange Discovery and Punishment thereof The Wonderful History of Mackbeth and the Witches with the many Notable Occurences ● his Reign 2. The History of Ireland from the Conquest thereof under King Henry the Second to this time With a Relation of the Miraculous Places and Persons in that Countrey A full Account of St. Patrick's Purgatory and divers other memorable Matters Intermixt with Variety of Excellent Speeches Strange Accidents Prod●gious Appearances and other very considerable things both pleasant and profitable With a List of the Lord High Commissioners L. Lieutenants L. Deputies L. Justices Great Officers of State the Names and Sirnames of the Dukes Marquesses Earls Viscounts Lords the Archbishopricks and Universities in both Kingdoms Illustrated with near Thirty Pictures of several Kings and other extrao dinary Observables Price One Shilling 2. DElights for the Ingenious In above Fifty select and choice Embl●ms Divine and Moral Ancient Modern curiously Ingraven upon Copper Plates with Fifty Delightful Poems and Lots for the more Lively Illustration of each Emblem Whereby Instruction and Good Counsel may be promoted and furthered by an honest and pleasant Recreation To which is Prefixed An Incomparable Poem Intitled Majesty in Misery or an Imploration to the King of Kings written by his late Majesty King Charles the First with his own Hand during his Captivity in Carisbrook-Castle in the Isle of Wight 1648. With a curious Emblem Price Half a Crown 3. TWo Journies to Jerusalem containing first A strange and True Account of the Travels of two English Pilgrims some years since 2dly The Travels of Fourteen Englishmen in 1669. from Scandaroon to Trip●ly Joppa Ramah Jerusalem Bethlehem Jericho the River Jordan the Lake of Sodom and Gomorrah and back again to Aleppo By S. B. With the rare Antiquities Monuments and memorable places and things mentioned in the Holy Scriprure Beautified with Pictures Price One Shilling 4. UNparallell'd Varieties Or the Matchless Actions and Passions of Mankind Displayed in near four hundred notable instances and examples Discovering the transcendent effects 1. Of Love Friendship and Gratitude 2. Of Magnanimity Courage and Fidelity 3. Of Chastity Temperance and Humility and on the contrary the Tremendous Consequences 4. Of Hatred Revenge and Ingratitude 5. Of Cowardice Barbarity and Treachery 6. Of Vnchastity Intemperance and Ambition Imbellished with Proper Figures Price One Shilling 5. SUrprizing Miracles of Nature and Art in two parts containing 1. The Miracles of Nature or the Wonderful Signs and Prodigious Aspects and Appearances in the Heavens Earth and Sea With an Account of the most famous Comets and other Prodigies to 1682. 2. The Miracles of Art describing the most Magnificent Builidngs and other Curious Inventions in all Ages as the Seven Wonders of the World and many other excellent tru●tures and Rarities throughout the Earth Beautified with Sculptures Price 1 s. 6. EXtraordinary Adventures of several famous Men with the strange Events and signal Mutations and Changes in the Fortunes of divers Illustrious Places and Persons in all Ages Being an Account of a multitude of Stupendous Revolutions Accidents and observable matters in States and Provinces throughout the whole World Price One Shilling 7. WOnderful Prodigies of Judgment and Mercy discovered in above 300 memorable Histories containing 1. Dreadful Judgments upon Atheists Blasphemers Perjured Villains c. 2. The miserable ends of many Magicians Witches Conjurers c. with divers strange App●●●●ons and Illusions of the Devil 3. Remarkable Predictions and Presages of approaching Death and how the Event has been answerable 4. The Lives and Deaths of several Popes 5. Fearful Judgments upon bloody Tyrants Murderers c. 6. Admirable Deliverances from imminent Dangers and Deplorable Distresses at Sea and Land Lastly Divine Goodness to Penitents with the Dying Thoughts of several famous Men concerning a future State after this Life Imbellished with divers Pictures Price One Shilling 8. THE Young mans Calling or The Whole Duty of Youth in a serious and compassionate Address to all young Persons to remember their Creator in the days of their Youth Together with Remarks upon the Lives of several excellent Young Persons of both Sexes as well ancient as modern who have been famo s for Virture Piety in their Generations namely on the Lives of Isaac Joseph in their youth On the Martyrdom of the seven sons and their Mother of Romanus a young Nobleman and of divers holy Virgins and Martyrs On the Lives of K. Edward 6. Q. Jane Q. Elizabth in her Youth P. Henry eldest Son to K. James and the young L. Harrington c. with 12 curious Pictures Illustrating the several Histories Price Eighteen Pence 9. A Guide to Eternal Glory Or Brief directions to all Christians how to attain to Everlasting Salvation To which are added several other small Tracts As 1. A short Directory for Self-examination 2. A Brief Dialogue between a Learned Divine and a Beggar 3. Cordial Meditations Or Beams of the Spirit Enlivening Enlightning and Gladding the Soul Lastly Divine Hymns upon the Lords Supper with some others Price Six Pence 10 EXcellent Contemplations Divine and Moral Written by the Magnanimous and truly Loyal A. L. Capel Baron of Hadham Together with some Account of his Life and his Affectionate Letters to his Lady the day before his Death with his Heroick Behaviour and last Speech at his Suffering Also the Speeches and Carriages of D. Hamilton and the E. of Holland who suffered with him With his Pious Advice to his Son the late E. of Essex Price One Shilling All Sold by Nath. Crouch at the Bell in the Poultry near Cheapside

The English EMPIRE in America By R. B London Printed for Nath Crouch The English EMPIRE IN America Or a Prospect of His Majesties Dominions in the West-Indies Namely Newfoundland New-England New-York Pensylvania New-Jersey Maryland Virginia Carolina Bermuda's Barbuda Anguilla Montserrat Dominica St. Vincent Antego Mevis or Nevis S. Christophers Barbadoes Jamaica With an account of the Discovery Scituation Product and other Excellencies of these Countries To which is prefixed a Relation of the first Discovery of the New World called America by the Spaniards And of the Remarkable Voyages of several Englishmen to divers places therein Illustrated with Maps and Pictures By R. B. Author of Englands Monarchs c. Admirable Curiosities in England c. Historical Remarks of London c. The late Wars in England c. And The History of Scotland and Ireland LONDON Printed for Nath. Crouch at the Bell in the Poultrey near Cheapside 1685. TO THE READER VAriety and Novelty are the most pleasant Entertainments of Mankind and if so then certainly nothing can be more divertive than Relations of this New World which as our English Laureat Sings is so happy a Climate As if our Old World modestly withdrew And here in private had brought forth a New Here nature spreads her fruitful sweetness round Breaths on the Air and Broods upon the Ground Here days and nights the only seasons be The Sun no Climate does so gladly see When forc'd from hence to view our parts he mourns Takes little Journeys and makes quick returns Nay in this Bounteous and this Blessed Land The Golden Ore lies mixt with Common Sand Each down fall of a flood the Mountains pour From their Rich Bowels rolls a Silver Shower All lay conceal'd for many Ages past And the best portion of the Earth was wast I need say no more in commendation of this Land of Wonders but only to add that the continued Encouragement I have received in publishing several former Tracts of this volume especially those which had reference to His Majesties Dominions in Europe have induced me to proceed upon those Gallant Atchievements of our English Hero's in this New World and to give my Countrymen a short view of those Territories now in possession of the English Monarchy in the West-Indies of which many have only heard the names but may here find the nature commodities and other Excellencies therein which I doubt not will sufficiently recommend it to the perusal of every Ingenious Reader So wishes R. B. THE First Discovery of the New World called AMERICA CHAP. I. HAving already given an account of His Majesty of Great Britains three famous Kingdoms of England Scotland and Ireland we shall now ship our selves for a New World and therein discover the Acquisitions and Dominions of the English Monarchy in Amercia The New World is the most proper name for this immense Countrey and new as being discovered by Christopher Columbus not two hundred years ago in 1492. The Ancient Fathers Philosophers and Poets were of opinion that those places near the North and South Pole were inhabitable by the extremity of cold and the middle parts because of unreasonable heat and thought it a great solecism or contradiction to believe the Earth was round for holding which opinion Pope Zachaus was so zealous against Bishop Virgil that he sentenced him To be cast out of the Temple and Church of God and to be deprived of his Bishoprick for this perverse Doctrine that there were Antipodes or people whose feet are placed against ours though this discovery of America has fully confirmed these opinions and evinced that there is no such torrid Zone where the heat is so noxious as to unpeople any part of the Earth and the yearly compassing of the World evidenceth the necessity of Inhabitants living on all parts of this earthly Globe The next inquiry may be whether the Ancient had any knowledge of these Regions which many incline to think they had not for though Seneca says in his Msdea That new Worlds shall be discovered in the last Ages of the World and Thule in Norway shall be no longer the utmost Nation of the World yet this seems only to intimate the common effects and discoveries of Navigation And Plato's Atlantis cannot intend this Countrey because he placeth it at the mouth of the Streights or Mediterranean Sea which is separated from America by a vast Ocean and saies it is not now in being but was by an earthquake sunk and overwhelmed in the Sea Other Authors since that time have mentioned some Islands in that Great Sea but they seem rather to be some of those on the Coasts of Africa than America it being improbable if not impossible any should undertake such long and dangerous Voyages before the compass was found out when they were only directed by the motion of the Sun and Stars Yet is it not incredible but that in former Ages some Ships might by Tempest or other Casualties be driven to these parts whereby some parts of America were peopled but it is likely none ever returned back again to bring any news of their voyage The most probable Relation of this kind is that of Madoc ap Owen Gwyneth who upon the Civil dissentions in his own Countrey of Wales adventured to Sea and leaving Ireland on the North came to a Land unknown where he saw many very wonderful things which by Dr. Dowel and Mr. Humfrey Lloyd is judged to be the main Land of America being confirmed therein as well by the saying of Montezuma Emperor of Mexico who declared that his Progenitors were Strangers as well as the rest of the Mexicans as by the use of divers Welch words amongst them observed by Travellers the story adds that Madoc left several of his People there and coming home returned back with ten sail full of Welchmen yet it is certain there are now left very few footsteps of this Brittish expedition and no signs thereof were found at the Spaniards Arrival they indeed used a Cross at Cumana and worshipped it at Acuzamil but without the least memory or knowledge of Jesus Christ and the Welch words are very few which might happen by chance to any other Language Mr. Bretewood and other learned writers are of Opinion that America received her first Inhabitants from those parts of Asia where the Tartars first inhabited the Coasts of both Countreys being in that place not far asunder and the likeness of the People favouring the same though the Indians in general are so very ignorant as to ascribe their beginning some to a Fountain and others to a Lake or Cave But leaving these uncertainties let us give a brief account of the real discovery thereof by Columbus which is thus related by Gomara and Mariana two Spanish writers A certain Caravel sailing in the Ocean was carried by a strong East wind of long continuance to an unknown Land never mentioned in the Maps or Charts of that Age this Ship was much longer in returning than

her dark bowels could not keep From greedy hands lies safer in the deep Where th' Ocean kindly does from Mortals hide Those seeds of Luxury Debate and Pride And thus into our hands the richest Prize Falls with the noblest of our Enemies c. The Soyl of Jamaica is very fruitful the Trees and Plants being always springing and never disrobed of their Summer Livery every month being like our April or May there are many Plains which they call Savana's intermixt with Hills and Woods which they say were formerly Fields of Indian Maiz or Wheat but converted by the Spaniards to pasture for feeding their Horses Cows Hoggs and Asinego 's that they brought from Spain for breed afrer they had destroyed all the Indians which were reckoned above six hundred Thousand which Cattle increased exceedingly great herds of Horses Hogs and other kinds still running Wild in the Woods The Air is more temperate than any of the Caribees being constantly cooled with Eastern breezes and frequent rains and never troubled with these storms of wind called Hurricanes wherewith the adjacent Islands are disturbed sometimes so violent that Ships are forced out of the Roads and on Shoar their Houses blown down and provisions rooted out of the Earth The days and nights are almost equall all the year It produceth many excellent Commodities as Sugar very good Cocao Indico Cotton Tobacco Hydes Tortoise Shells curious Wood Salt Saltpeter Ginger Pepper Drugs of several sorts and Cocheneel with many others which if well improved this Isle will be the best and richest Plantation that ever the English were Masters of They have Horses so plentifull that a special one may be bought for six or seven pound Likewise Cows Asinego 's Mules Sheep Goats and Hog● in abundance With very rare Fish of several sorts and plenty of tame Fowl as Hens Turkies and some Ducks but almost infinite store of Wild-Fowl as Geese Turkies Pigeons Ducks Teal W●gens Ginny Hens Plovers Flem ngo's Snipes Parr●ts and Parac●etto's and many others whose names are not known With choice Fruits as Oranges Limes Pomegranats Coco-nuts Guavers Prickle-Apples Prickle-Pears Grapes Plantains Pines and s●veral more All manner of Garden Herbs and Roots as Beans Pease Cabbages Colliflowers Radish Lettice Pursly Melons and divers more They are sometimes troubled with Calentures which is generally occasioned by drunkenness ill Diet or Sloth also with Feavers and Agues but they seldom prove mortal This Isle abounds with good Roads Bays and Harbours the chief whereof is Port Royal formerly called Cageway very commodious for Shipping and secured by a strong Castle it is about twelve Miles from the chief Town of the Island called St. Jago Next is Port-Morant O●d Harbour Port-Negril and Port-Antonio with divers others The Town of St. Jago de la vega is s●ated six miles within the Land North-west When the Spaniards possest the Isle it was a large famous City of about two Thousand Houses with two Churches two Chappels and an Abbey which when the English took under Venables were destroyed all but five hundred its Churches and Chappels made fewer and the remainder spoiled and defaced But since the settlement of the English they begin to repair the ruinous Houses and it is like to be gr●ater than formerly Passage is another Town six mile from St. Jago and as many from Portugal where are about twenty Houses and a Fort to secure the English going thither In the Spaniards time here were several other Towns which are now disregarded as Sevilla on the North of the Isle once beautified with a Collegiat Church which had an Abbot Melilla in the Northeast where Columbus repaired his Ships at his return from Veragua when he was almost Shipwrackt Oristan toward the South Sea where Peter Seranna lost his Ship upon the adjacent Rocks and Sands and continued here in a Solitary Condition for three years and then had the company of a Mariner for four years more who was likewise Shipwrackt and only saved himself Though there are at present no more Towns yet the Island is divided into fourteen Precincts or Parishes namely Port Royal St. Catherine St. Johns St. Andrews St. Davids St. Thomas and Clarendon many whereof are well inhabited by the English that have there very good Plantations whose number is not certainly known but according to a survey taken and returned into England some years since there were above seventeen hundred Families and more than Fifteen Thousand Inhabitants in the forenamed fourteen Precincts And in the four Parishes on the North side of the Isle that is St. Georges St. Maries St. Anus and St. James above Two Thousand more all which are now extreamly increased even to double if not treble that number the Great Incouragement of gaining wealth and a pleasant life inviting abundance of People to transplant themselves from Barbadoes and other English Plantations every year so that in a small time it is like to be the most potent and rich Plantation in all America And besides the aforementioned number of Inhabitants there are reckoned to belong to Jamaica of Privatiers or Bucaniers Sloop and Boat-men which ply about the Isle at least Thirty Thousand stout fighting men whose Courage is sufficiently discovered in their dayly attempts upon the Spaniards in Panama and other places which for the hazard conduct and daringness of their exploits have by some been compared to the Actions of Caesar and Alexander the Great The Laws of this Island are as like those of England as the d●fference of Countreys will admit they having their several Courts Magistrates and Officers for executing Justice on Offenders and hearing and determining all Civil Causes between man and man The present Governor under his Majesty of Great Britain is Sir Thomas Linch FINIS There are lately published the four following Books all which together may be reckoned a very satisfactory History of England and the affairs thereof for above a thousand years past they are to be had single or all bound together of Nath. Crouch at the Bell in the Poultrey near Cheapside 1. THE Second Edition of Englands Monarchs very much enlarged Or A Compendious Relation of the most Remarkable Transactions and Observable Passages Ecclesiastical Civil and Military which have happened during the Reigns of the Kings and Queens of England from the Invasion of the Romans under Julius Caesar to this present Adorned with Poems and the Pictures of every Monarch from King William the Conqueror to our most gracious Soveraign King James the Second with his present Majesties Life Heroick Actions late gracious Declaration and other Occurrences to this time The Names of his now Majesties most Honourable Privy Council The Great Officers of the Crown A List of the Dukes Marquesses Earls Viscount Bishops Barons and Deans The Knights of the most Noble Order of the Garter at Windsor and the Principal Officers Civil and Military in England The number of the Lord and Commons who have Votes in both Houses of Parliament and many other very