Selected quad for the lemma: england_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
england_n	henry_n	king_n	queen_n	22,548	5	7.7438	4	true

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A54597	Fleta minor the laws of art and nature, in knowing, judging, assaying, fining, refining and inlarging the bodies of confin'd metals : in two parts : the first contains assays of Lazarus Erckern, chief prover, or assay-master general of the empire of Germany, in V. books, orinally written by him in the Teutonick language and now translated into English ; the second contains essays on metallick words, as a dictionary to many pleasing discourses, by Sir John Pettus ... ; illustrated with 44 sculptures.; Beschreibung aller fürnemisten mineralishcen Ertzt- und Berckwercksarten. English	Ercker, Lazarus, d. 1594.; Pettus, John, Sir, 1613-1690.	1683 (1683)	Wing P1906; ESTC R5570	316,186	522

S. John Pettus of Suffolk Knt. 1641 One of the Dep ty Governors of the Mines Royall 1651. Auratus Infletatus 1679. AEt 70. 1683 R. White sculp Honestus at Pie AGRM FLETA MINOR THE LAWS OF ART and NATURE IN Knowing Judging Assaying Fining Refining and Inlarging the BODIES of confin'd METALS In Two Parts The First contains ASSAYS of Lazarus Erckern Chief Prover or Assay-Master General of the Empire of Germany in V. Books originally written by him in the Teutonick Language and now translated into English The Second contains ESSAYS on Metallick Words as a DICTIONARY to many pleasing DISCOURSES By Sir John Pettus of Suffolk K t. Of the Society for the MINES ROYAL Illustrated with 44 Sculptures Mal. 3. 3. Numb 31. 31. Jehovah Chimista Supremus Carolus D. G. Secundus LONDON Printed for the Author by Thomas Dawks his Majesty's British Printer at the West-end of Thames-street 1683. Collegium Emmanuelis Cantabrigiae TO THE Kings most Excellent MAJESTY SIR THE Materials of this Book are derived from your Majesties undoubted Prerogative to the Mines in your Dominions of which Metals are made Of them Moneys And then honoured with your Majesties Superscription And so by a Christian Circulation the Possessors do or ought to render to Caesar the things which are Caesar's Thus Your Majesty hath a double Right to the Mines and to the Products of the Chimical Art by which Metals are fitted for their Journey to Publick Commerce Herein I humbly offer my Endeavours to assist their motions and onely to refresh your Majesties Memory not to inform Your Knowledg for as 't is hinted in the Title Page Your Majesty is in the Science of Chimistry as in all Sciences of Humanity Nulli Secundus These Perfections are evident in Your Majesties publick and private Elaboratories from which pure Justice and pleasing Arts and Sciences are communicated to Your Subjects In these I have observed Your Majesties particular respects to Chimistry of an Vniversal Extent and thereupon I resolved to transplant this German Twig of L. Erckern on that Subject into Your Majesties Nursery and Humbly Dedicate it to Your Majesty with my Additionals and also Humbly crave your Acceptance as an encouragement to my further Progress in serving Your Majesty with more Fruits but at present it is to shew That I am intent in promoting the Services I owe Your Majesty as well with my sedentary Passive Pen as before with my personal Active Duty having upon some significant occasions had the Honour to be known to Your Majesty near Forty Years Now Great Sir Wherein I am incapacitated to express my Duty for want of Ability of Mind or Body or secular Fortunes they shall be supplied by my constant Prayers for Your Majesties Health Happiness and Serenity in Your Government being Feb. 26. 82 3 Your Majesties most Obedient and Humble Subject JOHN PETTVS To the Right Honourable George Marquess Earl Viscount Hallifax and Baron of Eland Lord Privy Seal and one of His Majesties most Honourable Privy Councel and Governour of the Society of the Mines Royal and Battery Works My Lord YOur Lordships free acceptance of the Government of the Mines Royal hath encouraged me to add it to your Titles and I hope without the least disparagement to your other Honours deservedly conferred upon your Lordship by His Majesty It is a Trust of great Concern and I doubt not but it will be so managed by your Lordship and of Honour too as it hath been always esteemed for not to trouble your Lordship with very Antient Records I find that King Edward the Fourth did make Richard Earl of Warwick who soon after was made one of the Governors of this Kingdom during its Troubles and John Earl of Northumberland his Guardians and Governors jointly of all his Mines in England and King Henry the Seventh made Jasper Duke of Bedford and other Earls and Lords his Guardians also of all the Mines in England adding Wales And Queen Elisabeth in the 10th of her Reign did form the Government thereof into Societies by the Names of Governors Deputy-Governors and Assistants for the Mines Royal and Battery-Works and then made Sir Nicholas Bacon Lord Keeper and other eminent persons her Governors for England and Wales adding those within the English Pale in Ireland which Government did continue Successively to the Earl of Pembrook and others for some Years and after his late Highness Prince Rupert was made a Governour and your Lordship to our contentment doth succeed him Now my Lord As for my self I have been one of the Deputy Governors for above 30 Years and do think my self obliged in point of Gratitude to the late Governours and present Members who were pleased unanimously to order a Contribution to the Charge of this Book and for some former Favours to endeavour the advancing of their Concerns especially now we have the Honour to be under your Lordships Regiment and therefore as an Introduction to my real Intents I not only publish this but by some Additionals I shall study to make the Government more advantagious to the Society and much more to His Majesty and even to other Proprietors of Mines wherein I have sat still some Years because I found that I should be obstructed by some who studied the advance of themselves more than His Majestics Revenues which I do not aim to do by any Oppressing Method or projecting Humour for I hate it but by an honest just way and I hope not displeasing to any but such as nothing will please And these I shall in due time communicate to your Lordship being so confident of your Lordships great Abilities join'd with your perfect Loyalty to your King and Love to your Country that your Lordship will not approve of any thing that I shall offer if it agrees not with your Lordships sound Judgment and deep Wisdom for which all who knows your Lordship have an high value and particularly Your Lordships most humble and obliged Servant JOHN PETTUS To the Noble and Honoured Subscribers and Contributers to this BOOK My Lords and Gentlemen I Did design to have publish't your Names in a way that should have more fully manifested your Favours and my Acknowledgments but this Book extending to above 50 sheets more than I design'd or at first proposed took up my limited time so as I must respit that intention for I have not done with this Subject intending not to trouble you or my self with Subscriptions but such as have Subscribed to this shall have notice when the next is ready and if they approve of this so well as to take the next from me it will be an additional Obligation to me for I am prepared to go through the Body of this ART upon these Reasons First That it contains the Grounds and Maxims of most admirable Speculations and next That I may divulge their chifest and most curious Experiments and Practicks Now that which incited me to this was occasioned from hence That having caused Erckern's

umbrosus A. Black and these Blacks are natural in Stones Coals c. but the best Artificial ones are made by the retortions of Lamps placed under Plates of Gold Silver Copper Lead Tin or Iron and are easily distinguish't in their nigerities or blackness and this shews that black hath some superiority over white because when white things as Ivory c. are burnt they turn to a black but as to our purpose it is Observable That all these Blacks are still heightned and improved for use by the three eminent Minerals viz. Vitriol Allum and Copperas II. BLEW T. Blau and Himmel Blau in English heavenly Blew the Latines renders it to us mostly by Participles or Adjectives as Lividus Adluens Caeruleus Cyanaeus Cumatilis Coelestis Color that is a Colour having those properties or resemblances the French calls it Bleu and Azur and we Blew and Azure we from them or they from us which latter is the more likely because we have more Mines of Copper from whence it is produced than they now besides this Azure Blew there is Blew Bise Vltramarine Smalt Flory Inde-Bandias Litmus Orchal Blew Vitriol Verdigrease produced from Mines and Minerals III. BROWN or Russet T. Braun the Latines which would bring this into the septinary of colours call it color nativus and Pulligo Holioke otherwise the common name is Fuscus from the darkness of its colour being as it were an attendent on Black and of this brown colour which is the proper colour of Tin and Copper Oar there is Vmber Spanish-Brown Terrra d'colonia Turnsil Bole Armoniack and other products of Metals and Minerals which Painters and other do use for it IV. GREEN T. Gruen L. Veridis Recens and many other words relating to the diversity of Greens but those which are used for Painting from Metals and Minerals are Green Bise Virditer Verdigrease which though it be used for Blew yet being steept in Vinegar as I have oft tryed it doth produce a delightful transparent Green also Copperas Vitriol and Allum do much improve this colour V. RED T. Rot L. Ruber Rufus c. to supply which for Painting there is Lake which is another delicate transparent red purple colour also red Lead Vermillion Cinnabar Minium of different Names yet little differing in colour also Cinople Rosset and several other Reds from Metals and Minerals VI. WHITE T. Weitz and Blanch L. Albus and Candidus to represent this the Painters use Littarge of Silver Ceruse white Lead Spanish White c. raised from the Calcination of Metals VII YELLOW T. Gelb L. Gilvus Flavus Fulvus Luteus Croceus to represent this they use Littarge of Gold and a liquid matter which counterfeits Gold such as is used about Coaches c. they have also yellow Orpiment Sandarach Masticot yellow Oker c. Now of these colours those which are produced from Metals and Minerals as I have shewn are too piercing for Paintings with Gum and therefore not lasting but with Oyl they are safe and very durable even to a thousand years or more especially in the curious Art of Anealing Now concerning colours in general here is the difference between the Botanick Science and the Metallick because in one the colour of Plants are seen in their admirable varietys without the use of Art but the colours of Metals are not seen but by the help of Art only it may be supposed that every Vein of Metal hath some pretious Stones to attend it whereby we may be informed of what colour that Metal is most apt to yeild by Art as Saphires white and yellow Diamonds Rubyes Emeralds Amathists c. which are daily found especially in hotter Climates there are also other colours mentioned by Erckern as Grey Lazure red Sulphur Purple Orange c. but whoever will make a more exact review will find that the most pleasing useful and durable Colours are from the Metals themselves or their Extracts and Flowers seen in their Original representatives viz. Gems and pretious Stones CO-OPERATE T. mit eyn ander werk L. Co-operate to work together that is when Metals do work together before separation and is also generally applyed to any joynt action COPELLS See Utensils COPPER T. Cupser L. Cuprum l. 3. A. Copper and is accounted the third Metal in esteem next Gold and as is pretended comes from the Isle of Cyprus from whence it had its Name Cuprum we need not go so far for it having many Mines of that Metal both in England and Wales especially those at Keswick in Cumberland which occasioned a great Suit betw●en Queen Elisabeth and the Earl of Northumberland concerning her Right to them upon the account of Royal Mines which Case is reported by Plouden with the Opinion of the Judges on the Queens side wherby the Society for the Mines Royal have had and still have the care over them but for want of Fuel and skilful Miners they are of no use at present This Metal is of three sorts the Red or Reddish is the proper Natural Copper Yellow Copper which for distinction is properly called Brass is an Imitator of Gold the White is when Copper is tinged with Silver so as it imitates Silver See Brass COPPERAS T. Vitriol L. Vitriolum this is a kind of Stone which is cast up very plentifully between Rochester and the Isle of Shepy which being not far I went purposely to the Copperas-Works farmed of Mr. Haward Lord of the Soyl by one Mr. Johnson a Londoner who in few years got above 20000 l. by it as appeared by what he left to his two Daughters when he died I went also to other places but did not find that the Stones are so plentiful and good in any other place of England it is of a dark Sea-Green but being melted its colour is heightned and glitters like to Chrystal and serves for many uses about Metals and almost in all Trades where colours are concerned and is one of the chief Ingredients for good Ink as I found it in an old Abbòt's Book Vitrioli quarta mediata fit uncia gummi Vncia fit Galli his jungas octo Falerni which I take to be Sherry His bene contritis comixtis omnibus illis Facit bonum Atramentum And therefore this Copperas or one sort of Vitriol in distinction of the white called Dans Vitriol because from Danemark and the perfect blew Vitriol called Roman coming out of Italy is called Atramentum Sutorium because Shomakers-black is made with it See Colours Black and Vitriol COPPER stone T. Ruffer stein lib. 3. is no other than solid Oar of Copper as it is in the mine and not touch'd by other Imbracers or as it is made at the first smelting into Cakes or stones and so the word Stone is commonly applyed to it by Erckern See Oars and Stones CRISTAL See Christal CROCUS is the T. and L. for Saffron lib. 2. and 4. but in Metallicks it is meant a pouder made of Iron or Antimony of a Saffron colour and