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A52339 Of the medals and coins of Scotland Nicolson, William, 1655-1727. 1709 (1709) Wing N1148A; ESTC R219021 20,817 34

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Legend is Salvum fac Populum tuum Dōe The like to which I have seen in Mr. Sutherland's Collection having on the other Side four IIII and a small Crown after the Word Scotorum Another instead of the four IIII has Q. T. and a third QRA all signifying the Word Quartus Half of the first of these is likewise there The only Medal as far as I yet have learn'd which was struck by this King is that which is fairly describ'd and accounted for by the Learned (q) Numism p. 88. Mr. Evelyn who observes that it was coin'd in the last and fatal Year of his Reign The other begins its first Inscription with Jacobus 4. but the Figure is undoubtedly misprinted for that of of 5 the Piece being the very same which we shall presently present the Reader with as the proper Groat of the next Reign James V. King James the Fifth as far as appears by the Statutes of his Time made no manner of Alteration in the Standard of the Coin And yet towards the End of his Reign or the Beginning of his Daughters a mighty Change did happen both in the naming of the Scottish Pieces of Money and in the Computation of their Sums as we shall see anon The eldest of his Coins Groat and Half-groat give him Side-faced with Jacobus Dei Gra. Rex Scotorum R. Cross Floree two Thistle-heads and two Spur-Rowels for they are hexagonal and pierc'd in the Center with Villa Edinburgh His later Groat gives him in Bust side-faced with short lank Hair crown'd Jacobus 5. Dei Gra. Rex Scotorum R. The Scotch Shield on a Cross circumscrib'd Oppidum Edinburgi Others which seem the elder have Villa c. W. 1 Dr. 18 Gr. Q. Mary After his Death we hear no more of any Groats Half-Groats Pennies or Half-pennies coin'd in Scotland nor any of their Names so much as once mention'd in any of the subsequent Acts of Parliament 'T is (r) Ita. RR. D. D. Archiep. Ebor. suppos'd that by this Time the Price of Silver was so risen or rather the Scots like the French had so rais'd the Accounts of their Sums that the old smaller Silver Coins which took their Denomination from Pennies grew into disuse and the Pieces that were from henceforward coin'd took theirs from Shillings and Merks Thus in France the Deniers perish'd and were forgotten and the Sols and Livres succeeded in their Room We do not indeed meet with the Name of Testoons in the publick Statutes of the Realm before the Beginning of James the Sixth's Reign But 't is more than probable that the Name was common enough in his Mother's Time that the Pieces so call'd were coin'd in Imitation of our English Shillings and that their current Value was Five Shillings Scotch Many of these and other Coins of this Reign are still to be seen in the Cabinets of the Curious And I shall give the Reader an Account of such of 'em as have com'd to my Knowledge in the same Order wherein they were minted 1. The eldest of these bears the (s) p. D. Sutherland Queen side-faced and crown'd with Maria Dei Gra. R. Scotorum R. The Shield of Scotland crown'd betwixt two Mullets and Da pacem Domine 1553. The Second bears the Letter M. crown'd and supported with two crown'd Thistles inscrib'd Maria Dei G. Scotorum Regina 1555. R. The Scotch Shield on a Cross circumscrib'd Deliciae Domini Cor bumile W. 5 Dr. 3 Gr. Half of the same 2. Another of the same Year carries her Head with Maria Dei G. Scotor Regina R. A crown'd Shield and Justus fide vivit 1555. W. 3 Dr. 13 Gr. 3. The Scotch Shield supported by the Letters M and R Maria Dei G. Scotor Regina 1556. R. A large Cross with Four less in its Quarters Virtute tua libera me W. 4 Dr. 4 Gr. 4. The Half of this of the same Year c. 5. Differs nothing from the Third excepting in its Weight and Date for 't is said to be coin'd in 1558 and weighs only 3 Dr. 20 Gr. 6. F and M in a Cypher crown'd supported with double Crosslets Fecit utraque unum 1558. R. The Arms of the Dauphine and Scotland with Franciscus Mar. D. G. R. R. Scotor D. D. Vien W. 4 Dr. 2 Gr. Immediately upon the Death of Queen Mary of England this Year King Henry the Second of France (t) Lesl Hist Sot lib. 10. p. 503. caused his Daughter-in-Law to be declar'd Queen of England Scotland and Ireland in the Parliament of Paris and order'd the Arms of England to be put on all her Plate Tapestry c. It should seem that this was her common Style ever after till the Treaty of Leith cut her short For thus runs the first (u) Lesl Hist Scot. p. 528. Article there Ut nec Franciae Rex nec ipsius Conjunx Scotiae Regina Angliae Hiberniaeve Titulos sibi deinceps usurparent Insignia Anglicana ex tota sua suppellectile delerent Diplomata in quibus Titulus Angliae Hiberniae Ipsis tribuebatur supprimi curarent 'T is much that in all this Time none of their Money bore the Arms and Title of England and yet I never saw nor read of any that did 'T is true Mr. Evelyn (x) Numism 93. mentions her assuming the Arms of England and Scotland in a Medal but that which he has given us and which he seems to think concerns the Story of our renown'd Queen Elizabeth has not a Stroke in it which looks this Way The Queen indeed pleaded for (y) Archb. Spotsey Hist of Ch. of Scotl. lib. 4. p. 177. herself afterwards that she was constrain'd to this Usurpation by her Husband and Father-in-Law and that after their Death she never practis'd any such Matter And so I suppose her suffering a Medal to be struck in the Year 1560 is to be accounted for On this we have the Arms of France Scotland and England quarterly circumscrib'd Maria D. G. Francorum Scotorum Reg. c. On the Reverse two Crowns on a Level with a Third in the Clouds inscrib'd Altamque Moratur 1566. 7. Another of the same Weight Stamp c. with the last but coin'd in 1559. One of the Articles wherewith the Lords of the Congregation this very Year charg'd the Queen-Regent was (z) B. Burnet Hist of Reform Vol. 2. p. 412. that she had embas'd the Coin to maintain her French Soldiers The last mention'd is not referr'd to in this Charge but some (a) p. ● Sutherland baser Pieces and smaller which carry the Cypher crown'd c. but the Reverse has this Inscription on a Square Jam non sunt duo sed una caro 1558 and 1559. 8. Arms of France and Scotland crown'd on a Cross Crosslet Fra. Ma. D. G. R. R. Franc. Scotor q. R. F and M in a Cypher crown'd supported by a Flower-de-Lys and Thistle crown'd Vicit Leo de Tribu Juda 1560. W. 4 Dr. 2
rose to 30 s. and she coin'd Placks of only 2 d. fine at 4 l. 16 s. the Ounce 2. Another Thing whereof I am to admonish the Reader is that he will find the Weight of the Gold and Silver in the following Account of the Coins of both Metals computed by different Standards In the former is observ'd that of the Goldsmiths of Edinburgh who divide their Ounce into sixteen Drops and their Drop into 36 Grains 27 of their Grains making our Penny-weight In weighing of the Silver Coins I have kept to our common English Weights by Ounces Penny-weights and Grains The Reason of this Difference is because all the Golden Coins are now in the Possession of my worthy and communicative Friend Mr. James Southerland who was pleas'd nicely to examine their several Weights by the Standard of his own Country Most of the Silver-pieces are in the Hands of the most Reverend Father in GOD the present Lord Archbishop of York and his Grace among the many generous Acts of Favour which I have had from him has kindly obliged me with his own most learned and curious Remarks upon ' em These two Things premis'd I begin the Scottish Coins in Gold These as I take it K. Rob. II. cannot be carry'd higher than the Sovereignty of the Royal Family of the Stewarts the eldest Golden Coin of Scotland seeming to be no older than the Reign of K. Robert the Second To this Prince I suppose belong the Three following 1. The Scotch Lyon within a Shield crowned a small Circle about the Shield and Robertus Dei Gracia Rex Scot. Rev. St. Andrew on the Cross betwixt two Flower-de-Lys's with Dns. Protector MS. Libera Weight 1 Dr. 9 Gr. 2. Another differs only in the Words Liberato and Scoto and the Weight is but 1 Dr. 3. The Scotch Lyon in a Shield not crown'd Robertus Dei G. Rex Sco. R. St. Andrew's Cross with two Flower-de-Lys and two Trefoils Dns. Protector MS. W. 20 Gr. The five next I guess to belong to Robert the Third Rob. III since they carry a Motto on the Reverse which was not I think more early in this Isle K. Henry the Fifth was the first that bore it in England 'T is true (n) Traite Historique des Monnoyes de France 4to Amsterd 1692. 54. Le Blanc gives this Motto on a Coin which he ascribes to K. Lewis the VII which would carry the Antiquity of an Inscription somewhat higher But he that curiously examines that Coin will find the Shield of the Royal Arms enclos'd in a Rose not used in England before Edward the Third's Time And if the Fashions of Money were brought from France hither as perhaps every Body will allow yet I think all agree that we followed their Example pretty early as the Scots did ours So that it may be worth the considering anew whether this Coin be truly so old as Le Blanc puts it 1. The Scotch Lyon within a Shield crown'd Robertus Dei Gra. Rex Scotorum R. St. Andrew stretched upon his Cross XPC. Regnat XPC. Vincit XPC. imp W. 2 Dr. 2. Different only from the former in Robertus Dei Gratia Rex Sco. W. 1 Dr. 4 Gr. 3. The Shield not crown'd Robertus Dei G. Rex Scoto R. as above W. 1 Dr. 4. The Shield as before Robertus Rex Scotorum The Reverse the same with the two last mentioned W. 34 Gr. 5. About the Shield not crown'd a Garniture somewhat representing a Rose Robertus Dei Gratia Rex co R. as before W. 34 Gr. A 6th without co James I. King James the First may probably challenge the two next being of a near Resemblance to some of those of his immediate Predecessor 1. The Scotch Lyon in a Shield crown'd betwixt two Flower-de-Lys's Jacobus Dei Gra. Rex Scotorum R. St. Andrew stretch'd on the Cross XPC. Regnat c. W. 1 Dr. 24 Gr. 2. A small Crown on each Side of the Shield Jacobus D. Gratia Rex Scotor R. The Flower-de-Lys's not crown'd as in the former Salvum fac populum tuum W. 1 Dr. 24 Gr. In the Fourteenth Year of King (o) Parl. 8. Ja. 2. cap. 33. Oct. 25. 1451. James the Second James II. it was enacted in Parliament That there should be striken a new Penny in Gold called a Lyon with the Print of the Lyon on th' ane Side and the Image of St. Andrew on the other Side with a side Coat even to his Fute halding the samin Weight of the Half English Noble This was to go at 6 s. 8 d. and its Half at 3 s. 4 d. exactly at the same Rates with the Demy and Half Demy Afterwards in his (p) Parl. 13. cap. 29. Oct. 19 1455. Eighteenth Year the Demy and new Lyon were order'd to go at 10 s. Of one Sort or other of these are the six following 1. The Scotch Shield crown'd with a crown'd Flower-de-Lys on each Side and Jacobus Dei Gracia Rex Sco. R. St. Andrew as above Salvum fac Pplum W. 27 Gr. 2. The Flower-de-Lys's on the Sides of the Shield not crown'd Jacobus Dei Gra. Rex Scotorum R. St. Andrew on the Cross with Flowers uncrown'd Salvum fac Pplum Domine W. 27 Gr. 3. St. Andrew carrying his Cross Jacobus Dei Gratia Rex Sco. R. The Lyon in a Shield crown'd Salvum fac Populum tuum Domine W. 1 Dr. 20 Gr. 4. The Lyon within a Shield in Form of a Lozenge with a small Crown over it Jacobus Dei Gratia Rex Sc. R. A small St. Andrew's Cross betwixt two small Flower-de-Lys's within a pretty hexagonal Star each Point ending in a Flower-de-Lys with a small Rose betwixt every two Points Salvum fac Populum tuum Do. W. 1 Dr. 27 Gr. 5. A Piece of the same Size and Stamp with the last mentioned W. 1 Dr. 18 Gr. 6. Another of the same Stamp but somewhat smaller Size W. 30 Gr. James III. James the Third in his (q) Oct. 12. 1467. cap. 18. third Parliament order'd the Demy and Lyon to be rais'd to 12 s. but in the (r) Parl. 4 cap. 23. next he held which happend to be within a very few Months they both return'd to their old Value of 10 s. In his (s) Nov. 20. 1475. cap. 67. Eighth the Demy is set at 13 s. 4 d. and the Scottis Crown which I imagine is only another Name for the Lyon at 13. In his (t) Feb. 24. 1483. cap. 93. Thirteenth a fine Penny of Gold is order'd to be stricken of the Weight and Fineness of the Rose-Noble which is to pass at the Value of 30 new Groats of ten in the Ounce of fine Silver Another Penny of Gold of the same Inscription to go for 20 Groats and a third for 10. Of the two latter Kinds I suppose are these two 1. An Unicorn holding a Shield with the Scotch Lyon a small St. Andrew's Cross under the Unicorn's Feet and Jacobus Dei Gra.