the State of Venice Dr. Sympson's Chymical Anatomy of the York-shire Spaws With a Discourse of the Original of hot Springs and other Fountains Dr. Cave's Primitive Christianity in three parts Ignatius Fuller's Sermons of Peace and Holiness The Trials of the Regicides in 1660. Certain genuine Remains of the Lord Bacon in Arguments Civil Moral Natural c. with a large account of all his Works By Dr. Tho. Tennison Dr. Puller of the Moderation of the Church of England Sir Iohn Mounson of Supream Power and Common Right Dr. Henry Bagshaw Discourse on select Texts Mr. Seller's State of the Church in the three first Centuries The Country-mans Physician Dr. Burnet's Account of the Life and Death of the Earl of Rochester Vindication of the Ordination of the Church of England History of the Rights of Princes in the Disposing of Ecclesiastical benefices and Church-lands Relation of the present state of the difference between the French King and the Court of Rome to which is added the Pope's Brief to the Assembly of the Clergy and their Protestation published by Dr. Burnet Abridgment of the History of the Reformation Ogleby's Aesops Fables paraphrased in Verse and adorned with Sculptures and Annotations in 2 Vol. Dr. Cumber's Companion to the Altar Galliard's two Discourse of private Settlement at Home after Travel and of Him who is in Publick Employments Markham's Perfect Horseman Dr. Sherlock's Practical Discourse of Religious Assemblies Defence of Dr. Stillingfleet's Unreasonableness of Separation A Vindication of the Defence of Dr. Stillingfleet in answer to Mr. Baxter and Mr. Lob about Catholick Communion The History of the House of Estee the Family of the Dutchess of York now Queen of England Sir Rob. Filmer's Patriarcha or natural Power of Kings Mr. Iohn Cave's Gospel to the Romans Lawrence's Interest of Ireland in its Trade and Wealth stated DVODECIMO HOdder's Arthmetick An Apology for a Treatise of Humane Reason Written by M. Cliford Esq Queen-like-Closet both Parts Bishop Wettenhalls Method and Order for Private Devotion VICESSIMO QVARTO VAlentine's Private Devotions Crums of Comfort Books lately printed for Ri. Chiswell FOLIO DR Spencer de Legibus Hebraeorum Ritualibus earum Rationibus Sir Iames Turner's Pallas Armata or Military Essays of the Ancient Grecian Roman and Modern Art of War Dr. Iohn Lightfoot's Works in English in 2 Vol. Mr. Selden's Ianus Anglorum Englished with Notes To which is added his Epinomis concerning the ancient Government and Laws of this Kingdom never before extant Also two other Treatises written by the same Author One of the Original of Ecclesiastical Jurisdictions of Testaments the other of the Disposition or Administration of Intestates Goods Now the first time published QVARTO PAtris Simonii Disquisitiones Criticae de Variis per diversa Loca Tempora Bibliorum Editionibus Accedunt Castigat Opusc. Is. Vossii de Sibyllinis Oraculis Dr. Falkner's two Treatises of Reproaching and Censure with his Answer to Serjeant's Surefooting Also several occasional Sermons The Case of Lay-Communion with the Church of England considered A Discourse concerning the Celebration of Divine Service in an Unknown Tongue A Discourse of the Necessity of Reformation with respect to the Errors and Corruptions of the Church of Rome OCTAVO DR William Cave's Dissertation concerning the Government of the Ancient Church by Bishops Metropolitans and Patriarchs Two Letters betwixt Mr. R. Smith and Dr. Hen. Hammond about Christ's Descent into Hell Dean Stratford's Disswasive from Revenge The Life of Bishop Bedel Dr. Harris his rational Discourse of Remedies Sir George Mackenzy's Just Right of Monarchy Dr. Hez Burton's first Volume of Discourses of Purity and Charity of Repentaace and of seeking the Kingdom of God Published by Dean Tillotson His second Vol. of Discourses upon divers other Practical Subjects Sir Thomas More 's Vtopia newly made English Bishop Iewel 's Apology for the Church of England with his Life By a Person of Quality V. The last four pages of the Book * His own word * Ja. 6. Par. 20. c. 9. * Pag. 169 170. 171. * See his late Book entituled Les pretendus reformees convanious du Schism p. 547. 548 549 550. * Pag. 89. †Pag. 72 73. * Pag. 2. * Acts 24. 12. SECT 1. What Proofs are necessary in History * Rarae per eadem tempora literae fâ—ere una custodia fidelis memoriae rerum gâ—starum quod etiamsi quae in commentariis Pontificum aliisque publicis privatisque erant Monumentis incensa urbe pleraque periere Liv. Iâ—it lib. 6. †Vossius de Hist. Lat. lib. 1. cap. 44. lib. 2. * Lib. 1. against Appion * Brittann cap. Scoti passim but especially Pag. 242. These are the Points I say which I would wish the Scotish Men diligently to think upon but let them remember that in the mean time I have affirm'd nothing but only given an inkling of certain things which may seem in some sort material whence if the Original of the Scots have received no Light let them seek it elsewhere and I have in vain searched but with that circumspect care that I hope I have not given the least offence to any whatsoever †Praefat. de primord Eccl. Brit. In nostra autem ex omni Scriptorum genere promiscue congesta farragine siquis obscuriorum Authorum citata mirabitur testimonia Cogitare illum velim aliud esse Historiam scribere aliud materiam hinc inde conveâ—ere unde delectu adhibito c. SECT 2. What Proofs we can adduce for our History and first of our Tradition * Disciplina in Britannia Reperta atque inde in Galliam translata esse existimatur Caes. Bell. Gall. Lib. 6. multa de ex eorum motu de mundi ac terrarum magnitudine de rerum natura de Deorum immortalium vi potestate disputant juventute tradunt Ibid. Cum in publicis rationibus privivatis Graecis literis utantur Ibid. By publicae rationes are probably meant their Histories at least it is most reasonable to think that since they had the use of Letters they would have written Histories or some short Memorials * Pag. 96. Edit Casaubon * Pag. 71. SECT 3. Proofs from Manuscripts and Records * Beda passim †Lib. 4. cap. 26. * Pag. 229. * Pag. 13. * Pag. 24. †Pag. 94. * Pag. 95 96. * Part Post. †Pag. 100 pag. 460. * Et Lib. 7. * Asservantur in arcanis templi armariis vetustissimorum Annalium Codices atque item latae membranae ipsorum Regum subscriptae manibus aureisque vel cereis sigillorum imaginibus obsignatae quibus antiquae leges edictaque finium ac Civitatum Iura publica continentur * Pag. 38. Pref. †Lib. 7. * Pag. 26. Pref. * Vicfort memoirs des Ambassadeurs * Pref. new Translat of Plutarch's Lives * Pag. 30. Pref. * Ia quibus scribendis ne Historia lex violaretur illae quae prius scripta sunt non solum exegimus
these Druids having been converted from the Pagan Religion whereof they were the Priests became our first Monks being thereto much inclin'd by the severity of their former Discipline as the Therapeutae did for the same Reason become the first Anchorits in Egypt and so it was easie for them to inform the Monasteries of what they knew so well And this Hint is confirm'd by a very clear passage in Leslies Preface to his History who being a Bishop himself should be believ'd by another of the same Character in a probable matter of Fact Nor can there be a clearer Confirmation of our having had the Druids amongst us than that in several places of the Irish Version of the New Testament the wise Men or Priests are translated Druids and so where the English Translation saith That the Wise Men from the East came to worship our Saviour Our Irish Translation has the Druids c. Our Predecessors also being descended from the Spanish Gallicks or Galicians as is acknowledg'd by Historians and they having had the use of Letters and of Grammar long before this time as Strabo confesses it cannot be imagined but that we as a Colony of them would have likewise a part of their Art and Learning Our Predecessors also had their Sanachies and Bards The first whereof were the Historians and the latter the Poets of their Traditions as Luddus himself acknowledges and by either of these means the Memory of our Kings and their Actions might have been preserv'd until the 5th Century at which time we got Monasteries in which as I shall hereafter prove were written and preserv'd the Annals of our Nation And since nothing but great Improbabilities and fundamental Inconsistencies should be allow'd to refute a History already receiv'd I shall offer these Considerations for clearing that this way of preserving the Memory of our Kings is as probable a mean as any can be in History 1. It is probable that our Nation as all the rest of Mankind who are warlike and in constant action would be desirous to preserve the memory of those Actions for which they had hazarded their Lives and by which they design'd to preserve that Fame which they preferr'd to Life it self And that the Kings likewise whose Authority and Right was much reverenc'd for its Antiquity would be as careful to preserve those Marks of their ancient Dominion 2. We do not in this serious Debate pretend to such ancient Originations and Descents as might through Vanity tempt Men to lie as those do who endeavour to derive themselves from the Trojans All that we pretend to in this Debate being only that we are a Colony who probably came first from Greece to Spain but settled certainly in Ireland for some time and that we came from them after the time in which Cambden and Vsher acknowledge that the Nation of the Scots whose Name we only now bear were long settled there Would not our Accusers have us trust the British Antiquities for 2500 years and the Irish for a longer time than our own without any written History or Manuscript now extant before Gilda's time And tho Lycurgus would not suffer his Laws to be written yet they were preserv'd in the Memories of Men for more than 600 Years as Plutarch observes and we and other Nations have preserv'd some Laws for much longer time without the help of writing And the only Points here controverted being the first Settlement of our Nation and that we continue Subjects to the same race of Kings these are matters so remarkable that most Nations know when such Changes happened to one another As for instance tho there were no History yet extant we should easily have known that the Saxons Danes and Normans conquer'd the Britons and alter'd the Race of their Kings That Ireland had many little Monarchs till they were swallow'd up by Henry the 2d of England And that Edward Bruce Brother to our glorious King Robert the first was chosen King of Ireland with universal Consent there and might have continued in that Government if from too great a love to Fame and to gain a Victory without his Brother he had not lost it and himself And though all these controverted Points fell out in a time after the use of Letters was known to most Nations and particularly to the Druids and Romans the one whereof were our Priests and the other our Neighbours very long yet there remains not the least vestige of a doubt that our Scepter was ever sway'd by any other Race 3. Though we had wanted the use of Letters as most probably we did not Yet the Tradition controverted is at most of about 800 years For after that time it shall be proved that we had Records and Annals And the things said of our Kings during that time are so few and so remarkable that Men might have taught the same to their Children in a weeks time And Men lived so long at that time that ten or twelve Men might have transmitted the Tradition to one another As also since private Families do preserve to this day their Tradition for as long time as this it was much more easy for a Nation and their Kings to preserve theirs Nor can I tell why my Lord St. Asaph in his Preface can controvert our Tradition though we could not produce Writers who lived in those Times wherein these Actions are said to be done since he thinks it reasonable to judge that there was the same Government here in Britain though for want of Ancient Writings there could be produced no plain Instances of it And if this be allowed to Episcopacy in these times why should he not have allow'd the same favour to his Monarch's Predecessors in the same and more ancient Ages 4. It was much easier for us to preserve our Traditions than for the English we being all descended from the same Race and being still the same People living under the uninterrupted succession of the same Royal-Line Whereas they were oblig'd to suppress the Traditions and Memorials of the People whom they had conquer'd 5. As no Man is presum'd to lie or cheat without some great Temptation so the most glorious things that are said of us are true beyond debate As our having defended the Ground in which we setled against all opposition to this very day Our having put the first stop to the Roman Greatness our having beat the far more numerous Britans though defended by strong Walls and stronger Romans All which cannot be deny'd to have been done by us and are equally noble whether we were setled here or not when we did them After those controverted Times it cannot be deny'd that we carried our Conquests further into Britain than formerly That we fought long with success against the Saxons and Picts and did at last extirpate the latter And when we were alone we continued and extended our former Conquests against the Danes and Normans which proves also that in the Wars which
we had against the Romans in conjunction with the Picts the Victories we then got are chiefly to be ascrib'd to us And to crown all we have generously contributed all that was in our power to support that Ancient and Royal Family so unparallell'd for its antiquity by which we were animated and instructed to do all those great Actions till they are now become the Monarchs of the whole Isle having by a happier way extinguished those Wars and Animosities and may he be unhappy who revives them For clearing how this Tradition might have been and was preserv'd Our History tells us of a probable way among many others which was That at the Coronation of our Kings one appeared and recited his whole Genealogy I shall trouble my Reader only with a proof of this Custom which is such as confirms also the Genealogy of King Alexander the 3d in the year 1249 prior to Fordon's time or to the view of any such Debate and is related by Fordon and Major in the Life of that King and being so memorable a Fact and so near Fordon's own time his Relation cannot but be credited His words are That the King being plac'd in the Marble-Chair the Crown upon his Head and the Scepter in his Hand and the Nobility being set below Him a Venerable old High-landed Gentleman stept out and bowing the Knee express'd himself to the King in the High-land Language thus God bless you King Alexander Son of Alexander Son of William c. And so carried up the Genealogy to Fergus the First Which Custom was most solemnly us'd at the Coronation of King Charles the Martyr at which time their Pictures were expos'd and noblest Actions recited As also the reciting of their Genealogy was usual at the Burial of ours Kings a written Proof of which Tradition is to be seen in a Manuscript of Baldredus Abbas Rynalis for that which is the Abbacy of Melros was so called before King David's time who designs them so in the Foundations of the Lands of Melros which he gives to them and is related verbatim by Fordon consisting of eighteen Chapters mentioning the memorable Actions of King David upon whom the Lamentation is made who died 1151 and running up the Genealogy of the said St. David to Fergus the First dedicated to Henry Prince of England Grand Nephew to St. David who came to the Crown of England Anno 1154 under the name of Henry the Second In both which at least Fordon is to be believ'd having sufficient Vouchers This also being ordinary in our High-land Families to this very day not only at Burials but Baptisms and Marriages and in which Families Men continue still to be design'd from their Fathers Grandfathers and very many Generations upwards as is a sufficient Historical Proof of Tradition tho we had no other Warrant for those few Ages Before I come to clear that we had Manuscripts and Records it is fit to consider that is very probable that as the History of most Nations was preserv'd by their Priests and Church-men so ours would be very ready to oblige the Kings under whom and the People among whom they liv'd by writing their Annals And therefore we may reasonably conclude that since we were very early Christians we had therefore ancient Histories written by our Church-men besides those which we may pretend to have been transmitted to them by the Druids And the Bishop himself acknowledges that the Monastery of Hy call'd by us Icolm-kill that is Hy the Cell of Columba was founded about the year 560 and it is undeniable that 48 of our old Kings were buried and our Records were kept there since its Foundation until the Reign of Malcolm Canmore and it is also certain that our Annals were written in our Monasteries such as Scoon Pasley Pluscardin and Lindesfern govern'd by three Scotish-Bishops Aidan Finan and Colman and Abercorn mention'd by Beda and Melross the Chronicle whereof begins where Beda ends as their History now printed shews though certainly that English Manuscript is very unfaithful for most of the things relating to our Nation are omitted as particularly about the beginning in the year 844. Our Manuscript observes which the English has not That Alpin King of the Scots died to whom succeeded his Son Kenneth who beat the Picts and was declared first King of all Scotland to the Water of Tine and after it expresses in his Epitaph Primus in Albania fertur Regnasse Kenedhus Filius Alpini praelia multa gerens And it observes that he was called the first King of Albany not because he was the first who made the Scotish Laws but because he was the first King of all Scotland And each of our Monasteries had two Books the one call'd their Register or Chartulary containing the Records relating to their private securities and another call'd their Black-book containing an account of the memorable things which occur'd in every Year And as it is strongly presumable that our Historians would have compil'd our Histories from those So this being a matter of Fact is probable by Witnesses and I thus prove it in such a way and manner as is sufficient to maintain any History Verimundns a Spaniard Arch-deacon of St. Andrews in Anno 1076 as is remarked by Chambers of Ormond declares in the Epistle to his Book of the Historians of Scotland dedicated to King Malcolm call'd Can-more That albeit there are many things in the said Histories which may seem to the Readers to be a little difficult to be believed because they are not totally confirmed by Foreign Historians Yet after have they heard how the Scots were setled in the North Part of the Isle of Albion separated by the Sea from the firm Land and so seldom troubled by Strangers to whom they give no occasions to write their Actions and also that they have not been less happy in having almost always among them the Druids Religious People and diligent Chroniclers before the Reception of the Christian Faith and continually since Monks faithful Historians in the Isles of Man and Icomkill where they kept securely their Monuments and Antiquities without giving a sight or Copy of them to strangers they will cease to wonder This Chambers was a Learned Man and a Lord of Session who wrote anno 1572 and in his Preface says That he had those principal Authors Verimund a Spaniard Turgot Bishop of St. Andrews John Swenton John Campbel and Bishop Elphinstoun c. and many great Histories of the Abbacies of Scoon called the Black-book and of other like Chronicles of Abbacies as that of Inch-colm and Icolmkill the most part whereof he took pains to consider as much as was possible for him He cites Verimund for an account of the Scots and Picts and after he also cites him for the Miracle of St. Andrews in Hungus's time and he gives an account of the tenor of the League betwixt Charles the Great and Achaius and asserts that
Apology against Edward the first of England about the Year 1300 we assert the Tradition of a wonderful Victory obtain'd by our King Hungus against the Saxons by the Relicts of St. Andrew the Apostle by virtue whereof the Scots first receiv'd the Faith of Christ. To which it is shortly answer'd that every Contradiction does not overturn the Truth of a whole History otherwise we need not be troubled to give any other answer to the Bishop's own Book nor is this pretended to be a Contradiction amongst our Historians for they all agree that King Donald was our first Christian King but in that Apology which is alledg'd to contradict our Histories our Predecessors design'd as most Pleaders do and this Eloquent Author does in his Book to gain their Point at any rate For understanding whereof it is fit to know that King Edward the first having upon the Competition betwixt Bruce and Baliol interpos'd with design to make himself Lord Paramount of Scotland he caus'd his Parliament write to the Pope to whom afterwards he wrote himself in which Letter of his it is pretended that we were Vassals to England as descended from Albanactus the second Son to Brutus 2. Because several of our Kings had become Vassals to his Predecessors in the Times of the British Saxon and Norman Kings To which we answer in our Apology That without debating whether the first Inhabitants of the Isle were descended from Albanactus or his Albanians it is asserted that we came from Spain by Ireland and conquer'd the first Inhabitans for which we cite Beda and so tho they had been Vassals we were free not being lyable to the Conditions of the People we conquer'd and as such fought constantly against the Britons who were forc'd to build Severus's Wall against us And as to any homage made by our Kings it was either for the Three Northen Countries of Cumberland Westmoreland and Northumberland confirm'd to us by the Britons to defend them against the Saxons and thereafter again confirm'd by both Saxons and Britons to assist them against the Danes Or was extorted by force from one or two young Captive Kings upon which heads the Popes had declar'd us free which Bulls Edward himself had robb'd unjustly out of our Treasure with other Records which he could not deny but to cajole the Pope their Judg they insinuate that though they were not Tributaries to his Holiness as England was yet they ought to be protected by the Pope because they had been converted by St. Andrew his Predecessors Brother-german St. Andrew having in Hungus's reign obtain'd for them a Victory over the Saxons and so became subject and subservient to the Pope in having converted the Saxons by Aidan Finan and Colman From this Matter of Fact I observe 1. That we own'd the same origination there that our Historians do to this day and so our Ancestors differ'd not from our Historians much less are they irreconcilable as St. Asaph alleadges 2. That the English acknowledg'd us to be as ancient as the Britons they and we being descended from two Brothers 3. That what we said of St. Andrew must needs be upon design to have oblidg'd the Pope meaning certainly either that we were then first effectually converted to the Church of Rome from the Oriental Observations in which we were very long very obstinate and that Rome consider'd that as the true Conversion or that after that time we first became subject tho not feudatary to the Pope as these forecited words subjoyn'd do insinuate But that our conversion from Paganism was more than 400 Years before the Saxons is positively asserted in that same Apology Nor can this have another meaning for it is undeniable that we were Christians long before the reign of Hungus who reign'd 800 Years after Christ and Colman c. liv'd long before that King Nor was Hungus our King we being only Auxiliaries to him then as King of the Picts after which Apology King Robert the 1st being crown'd and having defeated King Edward at Banock-burn where he gain'd a most signal Victory over the English they then being low made application to the Pope and he having discharg'd us by a formal Interdiction to pursue the Victory into England the Nobility to pacify that Pope and to remove the Interdiction at the desire of the King wrote Letter wherein they own the Antiquity of our Nation and Religion and Royal-Line mentioning when we came from Spain as our Historians do with whom they agree exactly Vt ex antiquorum gestis libris collegimus says the Letter which being prior to Fordon proves that all this was not Fordon's Dream and that our History is well founded on old Records prior to Fordon And lastly it appears that our Kings were not Vassals to England for their Crown but only for these Provinces as my Lord St. Asaph confesses and as I have prov'd in my Treatise of Precedency albeit our Independency was as much controverted of old as our Antiquity is now and I hope that the one will shortly appear as unjust a Pretence as the other is already confest to be From this it appears that there is rather a Harmony than real Contradiction here and that any seeming Contradiction is far less than the real ones betwixt Beda and the Bishop of St. Asaph and the following Contradictions wherein he differs from himself For clearing whereof observe That the Bishop says he questions not the truth of any thing that is said to have been within 800 nay within 1400 Years but so it is that this would bring us to be setled here before the Year 300 after Christ for substract 1400 out of 1684 which is the Year in which the Bishop prints his Book his Lordship can controvert nothing except what was done within 284 Years after Christ And yet he decryes our Historians for saying that we were settl'd here before the Year 503 and denies our being Christians for many Years after the Year 300 and to improve this learn'd Bishop's just Concession I must remark that all our Historians agree that Gregory the great King of Scotland who died Anno 892 added Northumberland to the Merse and having defeated the Britons at Lochmaben he forc'd them to renew their ancient League and to confirm to him the former Right his Predecessors got from them to Cumberland and Westmorland for assisting them against the Picts and Saxons which shews also what great things we could do not only alone without but even against the Picts All which being said by our Historians not only within the 1400 Years but the 800 are not controvertible by the Bishop's concession and therefore I understand not why he asserts that we had nothing but the Kingdom of Argyle before the beating and extirpating of the Picts who gave us their possession beyond Drumalbain Nor can I reconcile how the Bishop asserts all alongst and particularly that the Picts had nothing besouth Grahams-dyke or the
is That no Author mentions our Country by the name of Scotia for the first 1000 years whereas most of all the former Authors both within and without the Isle prove Scotia to have been the name of our Country and the whole Tract of Beda's History proves that since the year 560 this Country was generally so called Whereas neither Gildas nor Beda who lived near that Time and wrote whole Books of us do once call it Dalrieda or Argyle and consequently as I observ'd before the Bishop of St. Asaph's whole Sect. 9. of the first Chapter wherein he asserts that about the Year 500 the Scots erected the Kingdom of Argile or Dalrieda is most unwarrantable for though Beda calls us once Dalreudini yet this is spoken of us by him in the Time of our King Reuda and so near 70 Years before the 503 after Christ. And from this also arises a clear confutation of what the Bishop of St. Asaph asserts that no Author writing within the 1000 Years and naming Scotia means Us which is so far from being so that no Author of Credit Isidore only excepted did then by Scotia mean Ireland And the best Authority that Arch-bishop Vsher gives us for Dalrieda is Iocelin which my Lord St. Asaph hath improved by a new authority out of a Manuscript of the Lord Burghlie's where the Author thinks that Dalrieda and the Kingdom of Argile are the same Authors not to be once mentioned with those whom we cite 7. The distinction of Scotia Major and Minor is lately invented for either Ireland was called Scotia Major before the Year 1000 or only since if the first then it necessarily implyeth that at that Time our Country was also call'd Scotia Minor there being no other place assignable But this is contrary to Arch-bishop Vsher and my Lord St. Asaph's Position who deny our Country was called Scotia at all for the first 1000 Years If it be asserted that this distinction was after the 1000 Years then there was little or no use for it For Vsher tells us that Nubiensis Geographus about the Year 1150 describes Ireland by the name of Hibernia and describes our Country by the name of Scotia and so it seems at that time Ireland had lost the name in our favour and it is not to be imagin'd that Nubiensis remarked the first Periods of the change of the Name and Geographers do describe Countries by their ordinary Names Nor does Vsher produce any other Testimony save a Letter of Dovenaldus Oneil Prince of Vlster to Pope Iohn 22d wherein there is this passage Beside the Kings of lesser Scotland who all came originally from our greater Scotland And a Patent of Sigismund the Emperor To the Convent of the Scots and Irish of Greater Scotland of a Monastery in Ratisbone Now Vsher acknowledgeth the eldest of these two Citations were in the 14th or 15th Century when I hope no body will assert that Ireland was called Scotia Major or that ever the Kings of England who were Lords of Ireland were ever called Lords Majoris Scotiae and it is probable they would have very much affected that Title if the Country had had that name altho they could never make themselves Masters Scotiae Minoris But it is no wonder that the Irish should be glad to tell Foreigners that they were our Chief and so their Country ought to be called Scotia Major notwithstanding that our Nation was then become great and glorious and that Vsher can find no better authority for his distinction of Scotia Major and Minor than these borrowed and magnifying Names used long after he himself acknowledgeth that Ireland had lost the name of Scotia and that We were only in possession of it 8. The mistaking of the Names of Scotia and Hibernia and of that assertion Scotia eadem Hibernia and applying these Names still to Ireland and not to our Country hath been the Ground whereupon we have been injured as to the antiquity of our Kings and Country Saints and learned Men Monasteries and greatness Abroad For admitting it to be true that we were not setled here till the Year 500 yet we have been so happy as to have such excellent Men and to have done so considerable Actions as have been sufficient to tempt our Neighbours and particularly the Irish to take great pains to have both pass for their own In order to which the Irish have lately invented the distinction of Scotia Major and Minor to the end that when any considerable Person is called a Scots-man in History they might claim him as descended from the Greater Scotland But besides that this distinction is too new to be extended to ancient Writers How can it be imagined that our Country only having passed under the Name of Scotland before the 300 and after the 1100 as has been proved Ireland should have assumed the Name of Scotland in that Interval Is it not more reasonable to think that our Country which alone was design'd by that Name before the 300 and after 1100 bore it likewise only or at least chiefly during that interval But to assert that during that space another Country had our old and present designation in a more peculiar manner than we and that in dubious Cases it must be appropriated to them is a piece of confidence which even eminent Wit and Learning cannot support And yet we find in Malcom the Second's Time as was formerly observ'd who began to Reign in the Year 1004 That the Frith of Forth in his Laws in the Book of Regiam Majestatem is call'd Mare Scotiae And it is said there that the same King did distribute omnem Terram Scotiae hominibus suis and it is not to be concluded that this was the first time that our Country was so call'd And about that time Ireland was expressed only by the name of Hibernia for King Henry the 2d of England who began to Reign in the Year 1154 is stiled Lord of Ireland And to clear further that Scotia about those times was the ordinary name for Scotland and Hebernia for Ireland I shall only add some few Passages out of Marianus Scotus who was born in the Year 1028 and died in the Year 1086 who sayes that about the Year 1016 Brianus King of Ireland was killed and a little thereafter at the Year 1034. Malcolm King of Scotland died and Duncan the Son of his Daughter succeeded him And after that he sayes at the Year 1040 Duncan King of Scotland was killed and the son of Finlay succeeded in his Kingdom whom afterward he calls Machetad King of Scotland All which passages agree exactly with our History and the summary of our Kings Lives as they are recorded in our Acts of Parliament and prove that Marianus treats of Scotland and Ireland as different Kingdoms in his Time In the last place I shall make some Remarks upon the most palpable of these Mistakes and of the chief Authors
thereof wherein I shall vindicate the Right and Dignity of our Country and assert these worthy Persons controverted to be ours I shall not insist much against Stanihurst he being solidly confuted by Camerarius and with that severity by Dempster that his Nephew Bishop Vsher as the Duke of Lauderdail remarked in some Judicious Reflections of his upon this occasion did highly resent it and in this Matter hath exceeded his usual Temperament and Moderation And yet Stanihurst never speaks injuriously of our Nation for though he mistakes many things and applys them to his own Country yet it appears to be rather of Design to magnifie it than injure ours for he acknowledeth ingenuously That he doth not clearly see from what time the Name of Scotland commenced And though thereafter he taxeth Boethius upon the Subject of Gathelus and Scota and that he mixeth Fables and Vain glory with his History yet he neither disapproves of Buchannan nor follows he Luddus both of whom he cites and who were immediatly before him his Book being printed at Antwerp in the Year 1584. In his Appendix also Commenting upon Giraldus Cambrensis a Welsh-man and Scretary to King Henry 2d of England and flourished before the end of the 12th Century He translates Cambrensis who describes Ireland by the name of Hibernia and makes frequent mention of our Country under the name of Scotia as when he speaks of the extent of Ireland he says as Stanihurst interprets it that it is equal in largeness to Wales and Scotland And elsewhere he says that Scotland is called the North part of the Isle of Britain And afterwards he tells the Story of Moreds six Sons and that from them the Inhabitants of the North part of Britain by a specifick word were called the Scotish Nation And Stanihurst in his Annotations on these two Chapters contends that before St. Patrick's time our Country was called Scotia and brings for proofs St. Ierome who asserts that the Scots were Gens Britannica but with great concern he vindicates us from the calumny of eating Mens Flesh and for our Antiquity he cites Beda who says that Sub duce Rendâ we made a third Nation in Britain So that we see that neither the Welsh in Giraldus's time nor the Irish in Stanihurst's time had the Opinion of our late Settlement and that our Country was not call'd Scotia for 1000 Years after Christ which their Successors Luddus Cambden Vsher and St. Asaph have had And the Irish in those days took a far better way for advancing their own interest in doing us justice since from all the considerable Actions we did there did arise a measure of that Honour to them from whose Country we came as a Colony Whereas since they were influenc'd by Strangers they have suffer'd themselves to be impos'd upon so as to lessen our true Merit in appropriating immediatly to themselves those devout persons who were really our Country-men not considering that the material unjustice was much greater than the imaginary honour And this Plagiarism and Man-stealing became easie to them since our Reformation from Popery because after that time we became too careless of those eminent Persons both at home and abroad who had liv'd in the Roman Communion or before that time But I will not insist on this for I hope their native kindness will incline them to return to their first just methods If I had leisure I would make larger Reflections to prove how unconsequential Arch Bp Vsher is in making Sedulus and Marianus Irish since by all Writers they are both call'd Scots and Balaeus an Englishman tells us that Sedulius flourish'd under Fergus 2d and Marianus under Macbeth both our Kings and Baronius asserts also this positively And Sedulius having liv'd before St. Patrick's Time who was the first Apostle of Ireland and being Disciple to Hildebert an acknowledg'd Scot and who liv'd in the 390 must be prior to the Irish Christianity which Giraldus and Stanihurst acknowledge to have been first planted by St. Patrick in the Year 432. Nor can Vsher in all his vast reading find any Christians in Ireland betwixt the Year 400 and 432 which was St. Patrick's Time but Kiaranus Ailbeus Declanus Ibarus Tho if Sedulius had been an Irish he had been certainly mention'd and employ'd before those obscure Persons and certainly he would have employed himself before St. Patrick's Time in the Conversion of his own native Country if he had been truly Irish. And as to Marianus Scotus it is a wonder how it can be controverted that he was a Scots-man since our Country was then called Scotland by the Bp of St. Asaph's own confession and Ireland was just then losing that name and Marianus in his whole Book distinguishes betwixt Scoti and Hiberni and mentions the forementioned three Kings of Scotland about whose Time he liv'd and also makes mention of one King of Ireland about that time as has been observed already and particularly speaking of the Conversions by Palladius and St. Patrick he expresly distinguishes betwixt Scoti and Hibernenses But passing these I confess it is pretty ridiculous to see a whole Book written by the above-mentioned Vardaeus and glossed by Sirin and published at Louvain 1662 to prove that Rumoldus Arch-Bishop of Mechlin was an Irish-man since the Arms of Scotland which are Or a Lion Rampant Gules within a doubles Tressure flowred and counterflowred with Flower de lis of the same are plac'd upon every Window of the Catherdral Church built by him and are to this day a part of the Arms of that Archi-Episcopal See Rumoldus himself being a younger Brother of the Royal-Family of Scotland And in which witty Book the Author to confute this is forced to maintain that the Scotish Lion is born by several Irish Familes And the double Tressure tho anciently born by Scotland and which is Blazon'd in that Archi-Episcopal Coat of Arms might have been born by the Irish because that famous League betwixt the Scots and Charlemaigne was made with the Kings of Ireland and not with the Kings of Scotland and that our Kings had never any Leagues with the French till the reign of Charles 7th who was contemporary with our King Iames 1st Whereas the whole French Histories as well as ours and all Foreign Historians as well as either the Leagues yet extant the Priviledges granted thereupon to us recorded in the French Registers and ours many Decisions in Parliaments and other Courts and the universal consent of all the French who ever liv'd since that Time do in all Humility seem to be sufficient Warrants for laughing at this monstruous Assertion as I do at him and others who pretend that the Scotish Monasteries in Germany are Irish since they were founded in Charle-Maigne's Time by William Brother to our King Achaius and others that went there with him and they are to this day govern'd by Abbots and Priors of our Country Nor can it