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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A07915	A vaunting, daring, and a menacing letter, sent from Sultan Morat the great Turke, from his court at Constantinople, by his embassadour Gobam, to Vladisllaus King of Poland, &c. Which letter was sent to the Christian King, since the truce concluded betweene the Turke and the Persian in March last; as by many copies whereof, may appeare, as it was sent out of Poland. Wherein he declares himselfe a mortall enemy to the said Christian King, threatning to invade his kingdomes and territories, with all manner of hostility. Whereunto is annexed a briefe relation of the Turkish present strength, both of horse and foote: with al the victories the Turkes have prevailed against the Christians these last three hundred yeares. As also what glorious victories the Christians have wonne against the Turkes, till this present yeare. 1638. Published by authority	Murad IV, Sultan of the Turks, 1612-1640.	1638 (1638)	STC 18286; ESTC S102874	14,115	30

our Lord 1327 at which time Edward the third was King of England Orchanes the second King of the Turkes wonne from the Christians Nicomedia and likewise the Kingdome of Cha●asia or Carafina which contayned Lydia part of Misia part of Phrygia the lesse with Troas and the City of Pergamus a most mighty Kingdome After that hee wonne the strong Castle of Maditus and the goodly City of the Callipolis Orchanes got most of all these in one yeere from the Christians Amurath the first of that Name and third King of the Turkes wonne from the Christians many Countreys and Cities of which Cities Hadrianople in Europe was the chiefe where hee after kept his Court which was then made the Royall Seate for the Turkes in Europe Amurath invaded and conquered Servia slew Lazarus the Prince or Despot of that large Countrey wonne a great part of Bulgaria and many other places He Reigned Anno 1377. when Richard the second was King of England Bajazet the first of that Name and fourth King of the Turkes wonne Philadelphia from the Christians he spoyled the Countrey of Valachia and made it Tributary to him He destroyed Thessalonica and all Thessaly hee overthrew the Christian Army at the unfortunate battell of Nicopolis Sigismund King of Hungaria having 130000. Thousand Horse and Foote almost all lost Also Bajazet wonne the most part of Capadocia he Reigned Anno 1399. when Henry the fourth was King of England This Bajazet was at the last overcome and taken prisoner by Tomberlaine and lost much of what his predecessors had wonne All which and more was recovered againe by his Successor Mahomet the first of that Name and first King of the Turkes Mahomet reigned Anno 1413 when Henry the fifth was King of England Amurah the second of that name and sixth King of the Turkes with a mighty and mercilesse Army spoyled and plundred the most part of Hungaria he subdued Servia hee wasted the Principality of Transilvania he overcame and slew the Hungarian and Pol●nian King Vladislaus and conquer'd a great part of Hungaria he wasted the large Countrey of Peloponesus now called Morea and after hee had filled a great many Christian Kingdomes and Lordships with blood-slaughter and all manner of cruelties he having reigned 28. yeares in the yeare of Grace 1448 or thereabouts when Henry the sixt was King of England Mahomet the second of that Name the seventh King and first Emperour of the Turkes for his many victories and conquests called Mahomet the Great Hee wonne the famous City of Constantinople from the Christians on the 29. of May 1453. It had anciently beene the Royall seat of the Easterne or Grecian Emperours where ever since the Othoman Family hath placed their Imperial Courts Hee conquer'd the City and Empire of Trapezond Anno 1461. In the time of 31. yeares which hee reigned hee got from the Christians one Empire 12. Kingdomes and 200. Cities hee dyed when Edward the fourth was King of England Bajazet the second of that Name the Eighth King and second Emperour of the Turkes he invaded Moldavia hee wonne the City of Tarsus in Cilicia where St. Paul was borne he made fierce inroads into Podolia and Russia spoyled the Countrey of Friulli which was the Venetians also hee tooke from them the great Cities of Lepanto Modon or Methone Corone Pilus Dirrachium and after hee had for 30. yeeres space of his Reigne done all the mischiefe he could to Christendome he being very aged was by the command of Selimus his most undutifull sonne who corrupted a Jew that was his Fathers Physitian poysoned Anno 1509. when Henry the eight was King of England Selimus the first of that name the ninth King of the Turkes and third Emperour he invaded some parts of Hungaria and after eight yeeres of a cruell bloody reigne he dyed of a canker in his backe which yeelded such a stench that long before his decease no man durst come neare him He was so busied in his warres with the Persians Arabians Armenians and Egyptians that he had but little leasure to molest the Christians hee dyed in the yeare of our Redemption 1520 Henry the eight then being King of England Soliman surnamed the Magnificent the tenth King and fourth Emperour of the Turkes hee wan from the Knights of the order of Saint Iohn of Ierusalem the famous Island of the Rhodes on Christmas day Anno 1522 he overthrew the Hungarians in a mortall battaile at a place called Mohatchaz where amongst thousands of common Souldiers many of the nobility of that Countrey were slaine and King Lewis King of that Kingdome seeking to save himselfe by flight was most miserably drowned in a Ditch and he carried away more than one hundred and fifty thousand poore Christians with him in that expedition out of Hungaria to Constantinople 1526 After that he entred Hungaria again wan the strong City and Castle of Buda and spoyled a great part of Austria And in the yeare 1532 he entred the second time into Austria and most cruelly burnt spoyl'd and wasted the Countrey filling it full of blood and slaughter and carrying away many people into perpetuall slavery By his admirable Barbarussa he did much spoyle to the Venetians and did much mischiefe to the Italians Hee also spoyled the rich and beautifull Countrey of Apulia hee likewise invaded the Island of Corcira and from certaine other Isles and places in Italy carryed away 16000 poore Christians into Captivity to Constantinople 1537. He conquered the rich Islands of Napos and Aegina after that he overthrew Ferdinand King of Bohemia with a great slaughter hee beate the Christian Fleete or Navy set forth at the charges of Charles the fifth Emperour of Germany Paul the third Pope or Bishop of Rome and the Venetians 1539. After that he wan the strong City of Buda in Hungaria 1540. In the yeare 1543 Soliman came with a huge army againe into Hungaria meaning to over-runne the whole Kingdome then he besieged and won the most strong and great Cities of Strigonium and Alba Regalis wherein he used all kinde of cruelties that could be imagined He wonne the City of Tripolis in Barbarie from the Christians and in the yeare 1566 he tooke the rich and fertile Island of Chios Thus Soliman having bin a mighty Invador and spoyler of Christendome after 44. yeares reigne dyed in the eighth yeare of the Reigne of the unmatchable famous and vertuous Elizabeth Queene of England 1566. Selimus the second of that name the eleventh King and first Emperour of the Turkes conquered and tooke the rich Island and Kingdome of Ciprus from the Venetians he made great Havock in the Countrey of Moldavia and Vallachia and in other parts of Christendome with the extreamest barbarous cruelties as ever was inflicted and after eight years of his bloody and tyrannicall reigne wasted in his flesh and spirits and amply furnished with diseases which are easily purchased with drunkennesse and leacherie hee dyed Anno 1574. The famous Elizabeth then being Queene

ILLUSTR PRINCEPS SULTAN MORAT MAG●● TURCARUM IMPERATOR ET CETERA The Pourtraicture of the most Mightye Princ e Sultan Mora● Emperour of the Turkes now raigning and brother to Achmat the last deceaced Emperour A Vaunting Daring and a Menacing Letter Sent from Sultan Morat the great Turke from his Court at Constantinople by his Embassadour Gobam to Vladisllaus King of Poland c. Which Letter was sent to the Christian King since the Truce concluded betweene the Turke and the Persian in March last as by many Copies whereof may appeare as it was sent out of Poland Wherein he declares himselfe a mortall Enemy to the said Christian King threatning to invade his Kingdomes and Territories with all manner of Hostility Whereunto is annexed a briefe Relation of the Turkish present strength both of Horse and Foote with al the Victories the Turkes have prevailed against the Christians these last three hundred yeares As also what glorious Victories the Christians have wonne against the Turkes till this present yeare 1638. Published by Authority London Printed by I. Okes and are to be sold by I. Cowper at his Shop at the East-end of St. Pauls Church at the Signe of the Holy Lambe 1638. stigations of Sathan there hath none prevailed so much for the enlarging and increase of his Infernall Kingdome as the setting of Christian Kings and Princes at variance one against the other and the whilst they have beene by the eares as it were and infesting each other with deadly hatred and bloody Warres the Turke their common Adversary hath taken advantage of their unnaturall dissentions and by force taken from them in little more than three Hundred yeeres past more Kingdomes Empires Principalities large Territories and Signiories from the Christians than all the rest of Christendome besides His force and power I will partly relate in the latter end of this Treatise and also how the Christians have oftentimes had the better of him when they have beene at Unity and peace amongst themselves but first let the Reader peruse the true Coppy of an insulting proud Letter lately sent from the Grand Signior from his Court at Constantinople to the King of Poland now Reigning the Contents of the Letter were as followeth The true Coppy of a Letter of Denyall of Peace sent from the Turkish Emperor to the King of Poland as by many Coppies here in England may appeare SUltan Morat or Amurah the fourth of that Name by the Grace of the Great God in Heaven the onely Monarch of the World a great and mighty God on Earth an invincible Caesar King of all Kings from the East unto the West High and Mighty Emperour of the Turkes doe by these our Imperiall Letters signifie to thee Uladislaus King of Poland how that our Highnesse by our trusty and wel-beloved Embassador Goban formerly made Articles Agreements and Conditions of Peace which now we utterly deny and renounce by reason wee have received certaine Intelligence and true Knowledge at our Imperiall Court that thou hast and doest dayly make private Contracts not onely with our revolting and rebellious Subjects but also with our mortall Enemy the perfidious Moscovite And furthermore thou hast contemptuously sleighted and scorned our Great and Vnconquerable forces making no more account of them than triviall things of small valew or little esteeme relieving and wholly depending upon thy owne strength and power which is but weake and feeble in respect of our Invincible Hostes and huge Armies and Forces which we dayly doe maintaine being both Horse and Foot We see that the Reflexion of the Grace and Favour which we have beene pleased of our magnificent and aboundant goodnesse to reflect upon thee and by the peace which we have suffred and vouchsafed thee by our Clemency undeserved to enjoy thou having formerly sworne and promised to keepe good correspondent League and Amity with us with our Friends and Confederates which Promises of thine out of thine owne Pride Insolence thou hast not performed but most falsely broken and violated which we will no longer suffer to goe without Correction and Acknowledgment For by the reason of thy refractory falling off from wee there are other petty Kings and Princes who by thy instigation doe combine together and offer to take up Armes and stand in defiance against me and my power trusting upon their handfulls of men and weak Fortifications Moreover thou art willing and with readinesse doest watch all opportunities to make more Contracts with other Kings that they also would assist thee and desie us But if thou doest persist in thy ambitious intentions and designes then know that for everlasting time neither thy selfe or any of thy Successors the Polish Kings shall never have Peace or Amity with us or the succeeding Othoman Empire but thou art to expect nothing but utter ruine slaughter and all the calamities of a just incensed conquering Adversary to fall upon thee wee will enter thy Kingdome and thy other Signiories with our forcible and innumerable Armies and there shall be no mercy to be expected from our hands I would have thee know that since that long and bloody Warre is ended that now there is Peace concluded for 21. yeers to come betweene us the Persian Emperor that not only thou but other of thy adherents shall not be suffered in their insolent wayes to persist but that I will wholly bend and set my innumerable Army upon thee and them Thou didst promise according to our former agreements to live quietly and at Peace which now thou neglectest and regardest not but hast let loose thy licentious will and thy cut-throate Cossacks and Heiducks like Hell-hounds doe fall in and make incursions into our confines and Territories in divers parts of our Empire plundering and spoyling my people in that Hostile manner upon thy unlawfull commands and unadvised want of fore-sight which we will revenge in the highest and severest measure that we possibly can imagine or execute Also upon thy intemperate will and pleasure thou wouldst have caused our trusty and well-beloved Embassador Abbas Bassa to take some distaste against our Imperiall person and State which was an injury insufferable and it was the occasion that his Loyalty to us made him fall upon thee in the defence of mine honour in my Name and behalfe which thou at that time didst contemptuously seeme to sleight also And dost thou now after all these uncivill Insolencies desire Peace which is because thou hearest of a mighty great Army which I have caused to be levied ●nd raised which I purpose shall fall heavie upon thee and thy weake Forces with all possible speed yea our invincible Ianizaries whose often tryed valour and strength shall make thee and the whole World to tremble besides our Tartarian Horse-men who shall meete thee in the wide Fields and tosse thee and thy weake forces like dust or ashes in the Aire or motes in the Sunne my invincible powers of Foote and Horse whose numbers thou shalt not

of England Amurath the third of that name the twelfth King and sixth Emperour of the Turkes he was almost wholly busied in the warres against the Princes of the Easterne parts of the World as the Persians Arabians Armenians and others of the Orientall Nations so that he had very little leasure to make any warres or inroads into Christendome although he with threats and braving menacings made large promises to invade the Christians but haved reigned nineteene yeares he dyed of the Stone and the falling sicknesse in the yeare of grace 1595 in the 37 yeare of the reigne of Elizabeth the admired Queene of England Mahomet the third of that name the thirteenth King and seventh Emperour of the Turkes had many bloody and cruell battailes and bickerings with the Christians in Hungaria Transilvania Vallachia Stiria Moldavia Austria and in divers places of the Germane Empire He wonne and lost and by his Bassaes Lievtenants and Generals did beate and were beaten he dyed Anno 1604 in the third yeare of the reigne of King Iames of blessed memory Achmat the foureteenth King and eighth Emperour of the Turkes He by his Bassa aided with the Tartars spoyled the upper Hungaria there they tooke and ransacked the townes of Setchin Tregla Puganisa Iarmeta Samoschin Regimcat Palanka Dillena Sacmaria Rabenstine Onoth Vacia Sevara Blavenstine Tabra Disgiora Libetua Calo Sitna Nagibana Scharospotac Zatuar Filek Budnoc with many other strong townes and places both in Hungaria and Transilvania which were sack'd and spoyled by the Turkes through the contentions rebellions and treacheries of false Christians sometimes the Governours and Commanders were corrupted with gifts given them by the Turkes and many times the Christian Souldiers revolting and in mutiny for pay and in the yeare 1605 the famous and strong City of Strigonium in Hungaria was taken by the Turkes But in the yeare 1606 a peace was concluded betwixt the great Sultan and the German Emperour since which time there hath no matters of great Hostility beene used on either side Achmat dyed when he had reigned fifteene yeares Anno 1617. in the 15. yeere of the Reigne of King James Mustapha the Fourteenth King and Ninth Emperor of the Turkes was the Brother to Achmat deceased he had no great time in his first Reigne either to make or move Peace or Warre for hee was deposed and put into a Cell at or neare the end of two Moneths after his Coronation Osman the sonne of the afore-named Achmat the Fifteenth King of the Turkes and Tenth Emperour in the yeere 1620 the Turkes with a great power made Warre by Sea upon the Kingdome of Naples where they wonne the City of Manfredonia and after they had most miserably sack'd it they carried away neare 1500. poore Christians into intollerable slavery Osman gives occasions of distaste and grievances to the King of Poland by conniving craftily and suffering the Tartars to make inroads into divers parts of Polonia for which indignitie the Polonian King did make the like incursions into the Turkes Dominions insomuch that it grew to a Warre so that the Turkes entred Poland with a great Army whence hee carried away 25000. Christians as slaves to Constantinople After which a Peace was concluded betwixt the Grand Signior and the Pole 1622 and in the yeere 1623. Sultan Osman was treacherously and trayterously strangled and murder'd by the Great Visier named Daut Bassa after which the deposed Mustapha was againe crowned the second time and in lesse than Nine Moneths after hee was made the mockery of Fortune and deposed the second time from his Imperiall dignity but what became of him afterwards I have neither read or heard of Morat or Amurath the sixteenth King and Eleventh Emperour of the Turkes now reigning was on the last of August 1623. crowned hee was the sonne of Sultan Achmat and hath kept the peace for the most part with all Christian Kings and Princes but hee hath had his hands full with the Persian and with some others of his owne Bassaes which have fallen into rebellion against him To shew the Numbers of the Turkish Foote and Horse which he hath dayly at continuall command in all places of his Dominions at all times the Relation would either beheld to be incredible or the Turkes power to be invincible both which opinions of people are scarce worth the refuting for experience knowes they are both false Yet the strong City of Scodra in Dulmalia bordering on Epirus and Albania was besieged in the yeare 1473. by the Turkes Army in number 350000 men and Horse there was 12000. Camells laden with Brasse in Masse or hunos which they cast into great Ordinance so great indeed as never the like were heard or read of for it is truely reported that one Gu●ne carried a Bullet of 300. pound weight and that two other Peeces carried Bullets of 400. weight one carried a shot of 650. weight and one which they called the Princes Peece carried a Bullet of 1200. weight and lastly another carried a shot of 1300. weight He had also at that Siege as many Brasse-peeces for Battery as made up the full number of 178 and after sixe most sharpe and terrible Assaults and a whole yeeres siege it was through want enforced to yeeld upon Composition to the Turkes Read the Turkish History pag. 421. The Great Sultan hath Horse-men called Timariots which are Gentlemen that hold Lands of him during their lives and they are for every 60. Duckats of yeerely value or Rent of those Lands to maintaine one Horse and a man armed with a Bow Arrows Semitar Target and Launce as well in Peace as in Warre Hee whose Land is worth but 60. Duckats must finde one hee that hath 120. Dukats must maintaine 2. Horsmen so armed and so of the rest these Timariots are disperst all over his Dominions and are as is truely related in number 719000. To speake of his potent Bassaes his great Begler bags his commanding Sanzacks his insolent Janizaries his mutinous Spahi his rusticke Acanzij Horse-men his innumerable unregarded Asapi it is so well described by many worthy Authors but especially in the fore-named History of the Turkes to which I refer the Reader for ample satisfaction And although what hath beene in this briefe Treatise related hath onely shewed the conquests greatnesse power and strength of the Turkes how they have beaten and overcome the Christians in sundry Battells bloody foughten-fields Sieges and Sallies yet it is not amisie to shew when where and how hee hath beene from time to time repulst and beaten both by the Christians and also by other Princes and Potentates of his owne Mahomet an Superstition In the yeare of our Lord 1397. Tamberlane overthrew threw Bajazet the first How when and by whom the Turkes have beene overthrowne oftentimes and the fourth King of the Turkes in a mortall Battell where Bajazet with his son Musa were taken Prisoners and the proud Turke was shut up in an Iron Cage by Tamberlane and in