¶_o the_o work_n of_o geffray_n chaucer_n new_o print_v with_o dyvers_a work_n which_o be_v never_o in_o print_n before_o as_o in_o the_o table_n more_o plain_o do_v appear_v cum_fw-la privilegio_fw-la ad_fw-la imprimendum_fw-la solum_fw-la ¶_o print_v by_o william_n bonham_n dwelling_n at_o the_o sign_n of_o the_o king_n arm_n in_o paul_n churchyard_n 1542._o ¶_o to_o the_o king_n highness_n my_o moost_n gracious_a sovereign_a lord_n henry_n the_o eight_o by_o the_o grace_n of_o god_n king_n of_o england_n france_n and_o ireland_n defendor_n of_o the_o faith_n and_o in_o earth_n supreme_a heed_n of_o the_o church_n of_o england_n and_o ireland_n among_o all_o other_o excellency_n most_o gracious_a sovereign_a lord_n where_o with_o almyghty_a god_n have_v endow_v mankind_n above_o the_o resydue_n of_o erthly_a creature_n as_o a_o outward_a declaration_n of_o reason_n or_o reasonableness_n wherein_o consy_v the_o similitude_n of_o man_n unto_o angel_n and_o the_o dyfference_n between_o the_o same_o and_o brute_n beeste_n i_o very_o suppose_v that_o speech_n or_o langage_fw-fr be_v not_o to_o be_v repute_v among_o the_o small_a or_o inferior_n for_o thereby_o be_v express_v the_o conceit_n of_o one_o to_o another_o in_o open_a and_o plain_a sentence_n which_o in_o the_o resydue_n of_o lyvely_a creature_n lack_v and_o be_v not_o show_v among_o they_o but_o by_o certain_a covert_n and_o derke_n sign_n and_o that_o in_o sue_v thing_n have_v course_n and_o operation_n only_o of_o nature_n this_o speech_n or_o langage_fw-fr after_o the_o confusyon_n of_o tongue_n send_v by_o god_n punyshment_n for_o pride_n and_o arrogance_n of_o people_n have_v be_v be_v a_o certain_a instyncte_fw-la and_o dysposytion_n natural_a dyvyse_v and_o invent_v in_o sundry_a part_n of_o the_o world_n as_o felowshyppe_n or_o companyenge_n of_o folk_n one_o with_o another_o chance_v moche_n to_o the_o outward_a express_v of_o the_o thing_n in_o word_n or_o sound_n accord_v to_o that_o whereof_o it_o have_v meaning_a or_o sygnificacyon_n but_o in_o process_n of_o time_n by_o dilygence_n or_o policy_n of_o people_n after_o dyvers_a form_z figure_n and_o impressyon_n in_o metal_n bark_v of_o tree_n &_o other_o matter_n use_v for_o memory_n and_o knowledge_n of_o thing_n then_o present_a or_o pass_v sundry_a letter_n or_o carecte_v be_v first_o among_o the_o phenices_n dyvyse_v and_o find_v with_o such_o knyttynge_n and_o joinynge_n of_o one_o to_o another_o by_o a_o marvellous_a subtilte_n and_o craft_n as_o counterueyl_v be_v and_o be_v equivaualent_a to_o the_o same_o langage_v so_o as_o the_o conceit_n of_o man_n mind_n which_o at_o the_o beginning_n be_v use_v to_o be_v declare_v by_o mouth_n only_o come_v to_o such_o point_n that_o it_o be_v as_o sensyble_o and_o vyvely_a express_v in_o writing_a herupon_o ensew_v a_o great_a occasyon_n and_o courage_n unto_o they_o that_o shall_v write_v to_o compone_v and_o adorn_v the_o rudeness_n and_o barbariete_n of_o speech_n and_o to_o form_v it_o to_o a_o eloquent_a and_o ordynate_a perfection_n where_o unto_o many_o and_o many_o great_a poete_n and_o orator_n have_v hygh_o employ_v their_o study_n and_o courage_n leave_v thereby_o notable_a renown_n of_o themselves_o and_o exsample_n perpetuel_a to_o their_o posterite_n among_o other_o the_o greek_n in_o all_o kynde_n of_o science_n seem_v so_o to_o prevail_v and_o so_o to_o ornate_a their_o tongue_n as_o yet_o by_o other_o of_o right_a noble_a langage_v can_v not_o be_v perfytelye_o ymitate_v or_o follow_v the_o latyn_n by_o exsample_n of_o the_o greek_n have_v get_v or_o win_v to_o they_o no_o small_a glory_n in_o the_o fourm_n order_n and_o utter_a of_o that_o tongue_n out_o of_o the_o which_o two_o if_o it_o be_v well_o search_v that_o be_v to_o say_v greek_a and_o latin_n though_o by_o corruption_n of_o speech_n it_o shall_v seem_v moche_n otherwise_o have_v be_v deryve_v y_o e_o resydue_v of_o the_o langage_v that_o be_v write_v with_o the_o letter_n 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or_o rule_n ordynarye_a thereof_o though_o of_o troth_n which_o some_o shall_v scarselye_o believe_v the_o germayn_v have_v so_o form_n the_o order_n of_o their_o langage_fw-fr that_o in_o the_o same_o be_v both_o as_o much_o plenty_n as_o never_o concordaunce_n to_o the_o phrase_n of_o the_o latyn_a as_o the_o french_a tongue_n have_v and_o very_o like_v as_o all_o these_o and_o the_o rest_n have_v be_v thus_o vigilant_a and_o studious_a to_o meliorate_v or_o amend_v their_o langage_v so_o have_v there_o not_o lack_v among_o we_o englyshe_a man_n which_o have_v right_n well_o and_o notable_o endeavour_v and_o employ_v themselves_o to_o the_o beautifyenge_a and_o better_a of_o thenglyshe_a tongue_n among_o who_o moo_v excellent_a prince_n my_o most_o redoubt_a and_o gracious_a sovereign_a lord_n i_o your_o moost_n humble_a vassal_n subject_n and_o servant_n william_n thynne_n chief_a clerk_n of_o your_o kechyn_n move_v by_o a_o certain_a inclination_n and_o zele_n which_o i_o have_v to_o hear_v of_o any_o thing_n sound_v to_o the_o laud_n and_o honour_n of_o this_o your_o noble_a realm_n have_v take_v great_a delectation_n as_o the_o time_n and_o layser_n may_v sustre_n to_o rede_n &_o hear_v the_o book_n of_o that_o noble_a &_o famous_a clerk_n geffray_n chaucer_n in_o who_o work_n be_v so_o manifest_a comprobation_n of_o his_o excellent_a learn_v in_o all_o kynde_n of_o doctrine_n and_o science_n such_o frutefulnesse_n in_o word_n well_o accord_v to_o the_o matter_n and_o purpose_n so_o sweet_a and_o pleasant_a sentence_n such_o perfection_n in_o metre_n the_o composition_n so_o adapt_v such_o freshness_n of_o invention_n compendiousness_n in_o narration_n such_o sensyble_a â—nd_n open_a style_n lack_v neither_o majesty_n ne_o mediocrite_n covenable_a in_o dysposition_n &_o such_o sharpness_n or_o quycknesse_n in_o conclusion_n that_o it_o be_v much_o to_o be_v marvel_v how_o in_o his_o time_n when_o doubtless_o all_o good_a letter_n be_v lay_v a_o sleep_v throughoute_n the_o world_n as_o the_o thing_n which_o either_o by_o the_o dysposition_n and_o influence_n of_o the_o body_n above_o or_o by_o other_o ordinance_n of_o god_n seem_v like_a and_o be_v in_o danger_n to_o have_v utter_o perysh_v such_o a_o excellent_a poet_n in_o our_o tongue_n shall_v as_o it_o be_v nature_n repugn_v spring_v and_o arise_v for_o though_o it_o have_v be_v in_o demosthenes_n or_o homerus_n time_n when_o all_o learning_n and_o excellency_n of_o science_n florysh_v among_o the_o greek_n or_o in_o y_z e_z season_n that_o cicero_n prince_n of_o eloquence_n among_o latyn_n live_v yet_o have_v it_o be_v a_o thing_n right_a rare_a and_o strange_a and_o worthy_a perpetual_a laud_n that_o any_o clerk_n by_o learn_v or_o wit_n can_v then_o have_v frame_v a_o tongue_n before_o so_o rude_a and_o imperfyte_n to_o such_o a_o sweet_a ornature_n and_o composition_n likely_a if_o he_o have_v live_v in_o these_o day_n be_v good_a letter_n so_o restore_v and_o revyue_v as_o they_o be_v if_o he_o be_v not_o empech_v by_o the_o envy_n of_o such_o as_o may_v tolerate_v nothing_o which_o to_o understande_v their_o capacite_n do_v not_o extend_v to_o have_v bring_v it_o unto_o a_o full_a and_o final_a perfection_n wherefore_o gracious_a soveraygne_a lord_n take_v such_o delyte_n and_o pleasure_n in_o the_o work_n of_o this_o noble_a clerk_n as_o be_v afore_o mention_v i_o have_v of_o a_o long_a season_n moche_v use_v to_o rede_n &_o vysite_v the_o same_o &_o as_o book_n of_o dyvers_a imprynte_n come_v unto_o my_o hand_n i_o easy_o and_o with_o out_o great_a study_n may_v and_o have_v deprehend_v in_o they_o many_o error_n falsyty_n and_o depravation_n which_o evident_o appear_v by_o the_o contrarietee_n and_o alteration_n find_v by_o collation_n of_o the_o one_o with_o the_o other_o whereby_o i_o be_v move_v and_o styre_v to_o make_v diligent_a search_n where_o i_o may_v find_v or_o
these_o man_n have_v for_o world_n well_o god_n to_o offend_v peter_n successor_n they_o be_v for_o than_o but_o all_o such_o god_n may_v well_o amend_v ¶_o for_o satan_n be_v to_o say_v no_o more_o but_o he_o that_o contrary_n to_o christ_n be_v in_o this_o they_o learn_v peter_n lore_n they_o sewen_v he_o when_o he_o do_v miss_v they_o follow_v peter_n forsooth_o in_o this_o in_o all_o that_o christ_n will_v peter_n reprehend_v but_o not_o in_o that_o that_o long_v to_o hevyn_v bliss_n god_n for_o his_o mercy_n hem_n amend_v ¶_o some_z of_o the_o apostel_n they_o sewen_v in_o case_n of_o aught_o that_o i_o can_v understonde_v he_o that_o betray_v christ_n judas_n that_o bear_v the_o purse_n in_o every_o land_n and_o all_o that_o he_o may_v set_v on_o honde_n he_o hide_v and_o stale_a and_o myspende_v his_o rule_n these_o traitor_n have_v in_o honde_a almighty_a god_n hem_n amend_v ¶_o and_o at_o last_o his_o lord_n begin_v trey_n curse_o through_o his_o false_a covetyse_n so_o will_v these_o trayen_fw-mi he_o for_o money_n and_o they_o wysten_v in_o what_o wise_n they_o be_v seker_fw-mi of_o the_o self_n ensyse_n from_o all_o sothnesse_n they_o be_v friend_n and_o covetyse_n chaungen_fw-mi with_o queyneyse_fw-mi almighty_a god_n all_o such_o amend_v ¶_o be_v christ_n on_o earth_n here_o eft_o soon_o these_o will_v dampne_a he_o to_o dye_v all_o his_o hest_n they_o have_v fordo_v and_o sayne_v his_o saw_n be_v heresy_n and_o against_o his_o commandment_n they_o cry_v and_o dampne_v all_o he_o to_o be_v brende_n for_o it_o like_v not_o hem_v such_o losengery_a god_n almighty_a hem_n amend_v ¶_o these_o have_v moremyght_v in_o england_n heart_n than_o have_v the_o king_n and_o all_o his_o law_n they_o have_v purchase_v they_o such_o powere_n to_o take_v hem_n who_o lyste_v not_o gnaw_v and_o say_v that_o heresy_n be_v she_o see_v and_o so_o to_o prysone_fw-mi will_v they_o send_v it_o be_v not_o so_o by_o elder_a daw_n god_n for_o his_o mercy_n it_o amend_v ¶_o the_o king_n law_n wool_fw-mi no_o man_n deem_v angerlyche_n without_o answer_n but_o if_o any_o man_n these_o mysqueme_n he_o shall_v be_v bayght_v as_o a_o bear_v and_o yet_o well_o worse_o they_o will_v he_o there_o and_o in_o prysone_n will_v hem_v pen_v in_o gyve_n and_o in_o other_o gere_n when_o god_n will_v it_o may_v mend_v ¶_o the_o king_n tax_v not_o his_o man_n but_o by_o assent_n of_o the_o commynalte_n but_o these_o each_o year_n will_v raunsom_v they_o maysterful_o more_o than_o do_v he_o her_o seal_n by_o year_n better_o be_v than_o be_v the_o king_n in_o extend_v her_o offycer_n have_v gretter_n fee_n but_o this_o mischief_n god_n amend_v ¶_o for_o who_o so_o will_v prove_v a_o testament_n that_o be_v natt_a all_o worth_a ten_o pound_n he_o shall_v pay_v for_o the_o parchment_n the_o three_o part_n of_o the_o money_n all_o round_o thus_o the_o people_n be_v raunsounde_a they_o say_v such_o part_n to_o hem_n shall_v apende_v there_o as_o they_o grypen_v it_o goth_v to_o ground_n god_n for_o his_o mercy_n it_o amend_v ¶_o a_o simple_a fornycatioun_n twenty_n shyllynge_v he_o shall_v pay_v and_o than_o have_v a_o absolution_n and_o all_o the_o year_n usen_fw-mi it_o forth_o he_o may_v thus_o they_o let_v they_o go_v a_o stray_n they_o reck_v nat_n though_o the_o soul_n be_v brende_n these_o kepyn_a yvell_n peter_n key_n and_o all_o such_o sheperdes_n god_n amend_v ¶_o wonder_v be_v that_o the_o parlyament_n and_o all_o the_o lord_n of_o this_o land_n here_o to_o take_v so_o lytell_a intent_n to_o help_v the_o people_n out_o of_o her_o honde_n for_o they_o be_v hard_a in_o their_o bond_n worse_o beat_v and_o bitter_a brende_n than_o to_o the_o king_n be_v understande_v god_n he_o help_v this_o to_o amend_v ¶_o what_o bysshoppe_n what_o relygion_n han_n in_o this_o land_n as_o moche_n lie_v fee_n lorshyppe_n and_o possessyon_n more_o than_o the_o lord_n it_o seem_v i_o that_o make_v they_o less_o charyte_n they_o mow_v not_o to_o god_n attend_v in_o earth_n they_o have_v so_o high_a degree_n god_n for_o his_o mercy_n it_o amend_v ¶_o the_o emperor_n yaf_a the_o pope_n sometime_o so_o high_a lordship_n he_o about_o that_o at_o last_o the_o silly_a kyme_n the_o proud_a pope_n put_v he_o out_o so_o of_o this_o realm_n be_v in_o doubt_n but_o lord_n be_v ware_n and_o they_o defend_v for_o now_o these_o folk_n be_v wonder_n stout_a the_o king_n and_o lord_n now_o this_o amend_v ¶_o thus_o end_v the_o second_o part_n of_o this_o tale_n and_o she_o after_o follow_v the_o three_o moyses_n law_n forbid_v it_o tho_o that_o preeste_n shall_v not_o lordshyppe_n wield_v christ_n gospel_n byd_v also_o that_o they_o shall_v no_o lordshyppe_n hold_v ne_fw-fr christ_n apostel_n be_v never_o so_o bold_a no_o such_o lordeshyppe_n to_o they_o enbrace_v but_o smeren_n her_o sheep_n and_o keep_v her_o fold_n god_n amend_v they_o for_o his_o grace_n ¶_o for_o they_o ne_v be_v but_o countrefete_a man_n may_v know_v they_o by_o her_o fruit_n her_o gretnesse_n make_v they_o god_n foryete_a and_o take_v his_o mekenesse_n in_o dispyte_n and_o they_o be_v poor_a and_o have_v but_o light_v they_o will_o not_o deman_n after_o the_o face_n but_o noryshe_v her_o sheep_n and_o hem_v not_o bite_v god_n amend_v they_o for_o his_o grace_n ¶_o gyfon_n ¶_o what_o can_v thou_o prithee_o against_o canon_n that_o man_n clepen_v seculere_fw-la pe_o they_z ben_z curate_n of_o many_o town_n on_o earth_n they_o have_v great_a powere_n they_o have_v great_a prebend_n and_o dear_a some_o two_o or_o three_o and_o some_o mo_z a_o personage_n to_o be_v a_o playeng_a fere_n and_o yet_o they_o serve_v the_o king_n also_o ¶_o and_o let_v to_o farm_n all_o that_o fare_v to_o who_o that_o will_v most_o gyve_v therefore_o some_o will_v spend_v and_o some_o will_v spaâ—_n and_o some_o will_v lay_v it_o up_o in_o store_n a_o cure_n of_o soul_n they_o care_v not_o fore_o so_o they_o mow_v money_n take_v whether_o her_o soul_n be_v win_v or_o lore_n her_o profyte_n they_o will_v not_o forsake_v ¶_o they_o have_v a_o geder_v procuratour_n that_o can_v the_o poor_a people_n enplede_n and_o robben_fw-mi hem_n as_o a_o ravynour_n and_o to_o his_o lord_n the_o money_n lede_n and_o catch_v of_o quick_a and_o eke_o of_o deed_n and_o richeâ—_n he_o and_o his_o lord_n eke_o and_o to_o rob_v the_o poor_a can_v gyve_v good_a rede_n of_o old_a and_o young_a of_o hole_n and_o syke_n ¶_o therewith_o they_o purchase_v they_o lay_v fee_n in_o land_n there_o hem_n like_v best_a and_o build_v also_o broad_a as_o a_o cyte_n both_o in_o the_o est_fw-la and_o eke_o in_o the_o west_n to_o purchase_v thus_o they_o be_v full_o press_v but_o on_o the_o poor_a they_o will_v nought_o spend_v ne_fw-fr no_o good_a gyve_v to_o god_n gest_n ne_o send_v he_o some_o that_o all_o have_v send_v ¶_o by_o her_o seruyce_n such_o will_v live_v and_o truss_v that_o other_o in_o to_o treasour_n though_o all_o her_o paryshe_v die_v unshrive_v they_o will_v not_o gyve_v a_o 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pompâ—_n and_o pride_n slouthe_n wrath_n and_o eke_o envy_n and_o sewen_a sin_n by_o every_o side_n alas_o where_o think_v such_o tabyde_v how_o will_v they_o account_n yield_v from_o high_a god_n they_o mow_v they_o not_o hide_v such_o wyllers_n wit_n be_v not_o worth_a a_o nelde_v ¶_o they_o be_v so_o rote_v in_o richesse_n that_o christ_n povert_n be_v foryet_n serve_v with_o so_o many_o mess_n hempskirke_n thynk_v that_o manna_n be_v no_o meet_a all_o be_v good_a that_o they_o mow_v gete_v they_o ween_v to_o live_v evermore_o but_o when_o god_n at_o doom_n be_v set_v such_o treasour_n be_v a_o feeble_a store_n ¶_o vnneth_n mote_n they_o matyn_v say_v for_o count_v and_o for_o court_n hold_v and_o
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contribuisti_fw-la est_fw-la mihi_fw-la spes_fw-la lata_fw-la qd_n adhuc_fw-la per_fw-la te_fw-la renovata_fw-la succedent_fw-la fata_fw-la veteri_fw-la probitate_fw-la beata_fw-la est_fw-la tibi_fw-la nam_fw-la grata_fw-la gratia_fw-la sponte_fw-la data_fw-la henrici_fw-la quarti_fw-la primus_fw-la regni_fw-la fuit_fw-la annus_fw-la quo_fw-la mihi_fw-la defecit_fw-la bisus_fw-la ad_fw-la acta_fw-la mea_fw-la oia_n tempus_fw-la habent_fw-la finem_fw-la natura_fw-la ministrat_n quem_fw-la virtute_fw-la sva_fw-la frangere_fw-la nemo_fw-la potest_fw-la ultra_fw-la posse_fw-la nihil_fw-la quamuis_fw-la mihi_fw-la velle_fw-la remansit_fw-la amplius_fw-la ut_fw-la seribam_fw-la non_fw-la mihi_fw-la posse_fw-la manet_fw-la du_n potui_fw-la scripsi_fw-la sed_fw-la nunc_fw-la quia_fw-la curua_fw-la senectus_fw-la turbavit_fw-la sensus_fw-la scripta_fw-la relinquo_fw-la scolis_fw-la scribat_fw-la qui_fw-la veniet_fw-la post_fw-la i_o discretior_fw-la alter_fw-la ammodo_fw-la namque_fw-la manus_fw-la er_fw-mi mea_fw-la penna_fw-la silent_a hoc_fw-la tamen_fw-la in_o sine_fw-la verborum_fw-la queso_fw-it meorum_fw-la prospera_fw-la quod_fw-la statuat_fw-la regna_fw-la futura_fw-la deus_fw-la explicit_fw-la of_o the_o cuckoo_n &_o the_o nightyngale_n the_o god_n of_o love_n ah_o benedicite_fw-la how_o mighty_a and_o how_o great_a a_o lord_n be_v he_o for_o he_o can_v make_v of_o low_a hertes_o high_a and_o of_o high_a low_a &_o like_v for_o to_o dye_v and_o hard_o hertes_o he_o can_v maken_v free_a he_o can_v make_v within_o a_o little_a stound_n desycke_n â—â—lke_v hole_n fresh_a and_o sound_o and_o of_o hole_n he_o can_v make_v seek_v he_o can_v bind_v and_o unbynden_v eke_o that_o he_o woâ—_n have_v bind_v or_o unbounde_v to_o tell_v he_o may_v my_o wit_n may_v not_o suffyse_v for_o he_o can_v make_v of_o wise_a folk_n full_o nice_a for_o he_o may_v do_v all_o that_o he_o wool_fw-mi devyce_n and_o lythy_a folk_n to_o destroyen_fw-fr vice_n and_o proud_a herte_n he_o 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