Pulhely and Krekyth Bardesey Island ISLE of ANGLESEY with its Hundreds of Tallibollion Holyhead Llyfon Llandrogarn Tyndaythwy Bewmatis Twrkelyn Llandourodok Meney Newburgh Maltracth Aberfraw MERIONETHSHIRE where are the Hundreds of Ardydwy Harlech Talibout Dolgelhe Ystymanale Abeâ—dowyâ— Mowthy Maynloyd Penlyn Bala Ydeirmon Corwen MONTGOMERYSHIRE in which are the Hundreds of Mechavy Llanvilling Ystrondmarchel Montgomery Welshpoole Kery Kery Kidriorn Newtown Kare Eynion Llandaguan Kyfy Log. Machenlet Yriostly Llanidios SOUTH WALES in which are the Counties of RADNORSHIRE where are the Hundreds of Rayadergowy Rayadergowy Knighton Knighton Kevenlice Llanbadern Radnor New Radnor Prestaine Painscastle Llanhedder Collowini Dyssart BRECKNOCKSHIRE with its Hundreds of Bealt Bealt Talgarth Hay Merthye Merterkynok Dyvynnock Divynock Penkelly Brecknock Crickhole Crecowell CARDIGANSHIRE with its Hundreds of Tredvoir Cardigan Cardigan Island Moythen Llanbeder Pennarth Tregaron Llanylar Llanrusted Llanbadarn Aberysthwyth PEMBROOKSHIRE which is divided into the Hundreds of Kemes Newport Kilgarvan Kilgarvan Dewysland St. Davids Ramsey Island the Bishop and his Clerks Dungledy Lauhaden Wiston Rowse Haverford west Rosemarket Scaline Island Stockholme Isle Nerberth Tenby and Narberth Castle Martin Pembroke Caldey Island CAERMARDENSHIRE where are the Hundreds of Derllys Kancharne Elluet Caermarden and Newcastle Kidwellye Kidwyly Llannelthye Perue Llanymdofry Llangadok Cayo Llandilouawre Cathinok Abergerlech GLAMORGANSHIRE in which are the Hundreds of West Gowre Swansey and Penrise Mumbles point Pennarth point Oxwich point Wormshead point Llangevelach Llansamled Neath Aberavon and Neeth Newcastle Bridgend Ogmore Ogmore Castle Nash point Cowbridge Cowbridge Denispowis Porkerry Castle Barry Island Sylye Isle Cardiff Cardiff Landaff Caerfily Caerphilly Lantrissent Lantrissent MONMOUTHSHIRE now an English County where are the Hundreds of Bergaveny Abergavenney Skenfrith Mounmoth Ragland Ragland Caldicot Chepston Goldeclyffe Uske Uske Carlion Wealooge Newport ENGLAND Small Isles belonging to Great Britain THE Kingdom of England with that of Scotland forms an Island which bears the name of Great Britain unto which belongeth a vast number of lesser Isles which may be considered under four heads or forts viz. the Orcades the Hebrides the Sorlings and the Isles of Scilly with those of the Sporades All which said Isles with that of Ireland are scitâ—ate between the 9th and the 23th degrees of Longitude and the 50th and 59th of Latitude England is divided from Scotland by the River Tweed and Solway a line being drawn from the one to the other and on all other sides it is begirt with the Sea It s extent and division The extent and form of these Isles with their scituation to each other doth appear in the Map to which I refer the Reader But 't is probable that some may judge the Maps false for that the true Geographical distances of places are lesser than the Itinerary But these Reasons are sufficient to satisfie any to the contrary 1. The unpassable Woods which 〈◊〉 between places 2. the high Mountains and low Vallies 3. the Marishes or Boggs 4. the Rivers or Ponds and 5. the Parks or other enclosures which cause the Traveller to leave his direct line and go about It may be divided into two though unequal parts to wit England and Wales separated each from other by the Severn and a line drawn to the Wye but the more certain division was by a huge Ditch which beginning at the Influx of the Wye into the Severn reached to Chester where the Dee disâ— burthens its self into the Sea 80 miles in length made by Offa King of the Mercians and called Claudh Offa. This Kingdom of England is severed into 52 Shires or Counties of which 12 make the Principality of Wales and these Counties are subdivided into Hundreds Wapentakes or Wards and those again into Parishes which comprehend Boroughs Villages Hamlets Endships or Trthings It s division according to the Circuits of the Judges England is also divided into six parts for the Circuits of the 12 Itinerary Judges two of which twice every year are alotted for each Circuit iâ— the chief Town or Towns of each County in the said Circuit to sit and hear Causes and to administer Justice for the ease of the Subject and according to this division one Circuit doth contain the Counties of Wilts Somerset Devon Cornwall Dorset and Hantshire Another those of Berks Oxford Gloucester Monmouth Hereford Worcester Salop and Stafford Another those of Kent Surry Sussex and Hartford Another those of Bedford Bucks Cambridge Huntington Norfolk and Suffolk Another those of Northampton Rutland Lincoln Derby Nottingham Leicester and Warwick And another those of York Durham Northumberland Cumberland Westmoreland and Lancaster The two remaining Counties viz. Middlesex and Cheshire being exempted the one for its vicinity to London and the other as having its peculiar Judges for the administration of Justice It s division according to the Spiritual Jurisdiction For Spiritual or Ecclesiastical Jurisdiction this Kingdom is divided into two Archbishopricks viz. Canterbury and York under which are 25 Bishops of which 22 belong to that of Canterbury who is Primate and Metropolitan of all England and but 3 to that of York Now what these Bishopricks are this following Table will declare unto you A GENERALE MAPP OF THE ISLES OF GREAT BRITTAINE DESIGNED BY MONSIEUR SANSON GEOGRAPHER TO THE FRENCH KING RENDERED INTO ENGLISH ILLUSTRATED BY RIC BLOME BY HIS MAIESTIS ESPECIALL COMMAND London Printed for Ric Blome The most August Charles the 2d by the grace of God â—ing of England Scotland France and Ireland defendor of the Faith c 〈◊〉 this Mapp with all humility is Concecrated by your Majestes Obedient subiect Servant Ric Blome A Catalogue of the Archbishopricks and Bishopricks of England and Wales together with what Counties are under their Jurisdictions and what Parishes and Impropriations are in each Diocess Archbishopricks and Bishopricks Counties under each of their Jurisdictions Parishes in each Diocess Impropriations in each Diocess Canterbury hath Canterbury and part of Kent 257 140 York hath Yorkshire and Nottinghamshire 581 336 London hath Essex Middlesex and part of Hartfordshire 623 189 Durham hath Durham and Northumberland 135 87 Worcester hath Worcestershire and part of Warwickshire 241 76 Winchester hath Hantshire Surrey Isles of Wight Garnsey and Jersey 362 131 Bath Wells hath Somersetshire 388 160 Oxford hath Oxfordshire 195 88 Bangor hath Carnarvanshire Anglesey Merionethshire and part of Denbighshire 107 36 Rochester hath part of Kent 98 36 Ely hath Cambridgshire 141 75 Chichester hath Sussex and part of Hartfordshire 250 112 Salisbury hath Wiltshire and Berkshire 248 109 Lincoln hath Lincolnshire Leicestershire Bedfordshire Huntingtonshire Buckinghamshire and part of Hartfordshire 1255 577 St. Asaph hath part of Flintshire and part of Denbighshire 121 19 St. Davids hath Pembrookshire and Carmarthenshire 308 120 Peterborough hath Northamptonshire and Rutlandshire 293 91 Landaff hath Glamorganshire Monmouthshire Brecknockshire and part of Radnorshire 177 98 Carlisle hath part of Cumberland and part of Westmerland 92 18 Exeter hath Devonshire Exeter
of the Dutchy of Lancaster and hath a Market on Saturdays Doncaster seated on the Done and on the great Road to London Doncaster an ancient Town of good Antiquity once defended by a Castle now reduced to ruins and in Anno 759 this Town suffered much great part with its Cittadel being consumed with Fire but was rebuilt with a fair Church erected in the place where the Cittadel stood It is a large well-built and inhabited Town Corporate governed by a Major and Aldermen enjoyeth a good Trade especially for Stockings Knit-Waistcoats Petticoats and Gloves and hath a very good Market for Corn Cattle and Provisions on Saturdays Selby honoured in giving birth to King Henry the First seated on the Owse Selby which gives passage for small Vessels to York which doth occasion it to be a Town of some Trade and hath a good Market for Provisions and Merchandize on Mondays Ponfract very delightfully seated in a dry tract of ground Pontfract a neat Town Corporate beautified with good Buildings was once strengthned with a strong and stately Castle which was demolished in the late Wars It is governed by a Major and Aldermen sends Burgesses to Parliament and hath a very great Market for Corn Cattle Provisions and divers Country-commodities on Saturdays Wakefield seated in a large Lordship so called having its Steward Wakefield It is a large Town of good antiquity beautified with well built Stone-houses it is a place well known for its Clothing here made and hath a great Market on Thursdays and Fridays for Cloth Corn Provisions and divers Country-commodities Leeds seated on the Are an ancient Town Leeds where the Kings had formerly their Royal Palace and here Oswy King of the Northumbers put to flight Penda the Mercian It is a large and well built Town Corporate governed by a Major and Aldermen with sub-Officers electeth Parliament men is very well inhabited especially by wealthy Clothiers who drive a great Trade for their Cloth and hath two considerable Markets on Tuesdays and Saturdays which are well traded unto for Corn Provisions Woollen-Cloth and divers good Commodities Knaresbrough Knaresbrough delightfully seated on the Nid and on a ragged rough Rock on which is seated a Castle It is a well-built Town Corporate electing Parliament men and hath a good Market for Corn and Provisions on Wednesdays Nigh unto this place in a Moorish boggy-ground ariseth a Spring of Vitrioline tast and odour and not far off is also a Sulphur-Well which is good for several Diseases here is also a droping petrefying-Well which turns Wood Moss c. into Stone Rippon Rippon feated between the Yore and a Branch thereof over which are two Bridges It is a place of good antiquity and of much same for its Religious Houses but especially for its stately Monastery built by Wilfrid Archbishop of York It is at present a large and well-built Town Corporate governed by a Major and Aldermen hath the election of Parliament men the Town is well inhabited by Gentry and its Market which is on Thursdays is very great for Cattle Corn Provisions and chiefly for Wool which is much bought up by the Cloathiers of Leeds This Town is beautified with a very fine Cathedral Church with a lofty Spire-Steeple and in this Church was St. Winfrids Needle a place famous in our Fore-fathers days being a narrow Hole in the close Vaulted-room under ground in which place as 't is reported but not Recorded for Truth Womens Honesty was used to be tried for according to the story those that were Chast could easily pass through but the kind-hearted Souls were by an unknown means held fast and could not pass through WALES THE Island of great Britain in ancient time was severed into three Parts the first fairest and greatest contained all within the French Seas the Rivers of Severn Dee and Humber and was called Lhoyger which name in Welsh it still retaineth and in English England The second took up all the Land Northwards from the Humber to the Orkney Isles and was called Mare Caledonium or Deucaledonium and now Scotland And the third lying between the Irish Seas the Rivers of Severn and Dee was anciently called Cambria and now Wales to which the Britains being outed of their Country were forced to retire and there fortified themselves The Bounds This Country of Wales is bounded on all sides by the Sea except towards England from which it is severed by the River Dee and a Line drawn to the River Wye but anciently it was extended to the River Severn Eastward for Offa King of the Mercians forced them to quit the Plain Countries beyond that River which now is called the Marches of Wales and to betake themselves to the Mountains which he caused to be separated from England by a great Ditch called Offa's Dike in Welsh Claudh Offa in many places yet to be seen which Dike beginneth at the influx of the Wye into the Severn and reacheth unto Chester which is about 84 miles where the Dee disburthens it self into the Sea And over this Dike by a Law made by Harald no Welshman was permitted to pass with a Weapon upon pain of losing his Right hand Very Mountainous and Barren The whole Country is Mountainous and Barren yet affordeth several good Commodities and is not without many fertil Valleys which bear good Corn and breed great abundance of small Cattle with which they furnish England as also with Butter Cheese Woollen-Cloths called Welsh-Frizes Cottons Bays Herrings both White and Red Calve-skins Hides Hony Wax c. and the Country is well stored with Quarries of Free-stone for building and Mill-stones as also hath Mines of Lead Lead-Oar Coals and some of Silver and Tin And these Commodities are generally brought to Shrewsbury Oswestre Bristol Worcester and other adjacent parts and thence dispersed into England It s Ancient division About the year of Christ 870 Rodericus Magnus King of Wales divided this Country into three Regions Territories or Talaiths which were so many Kingdoms to wit Gwineth Venedotia or North-Wales and this part he gave to Anarawd his eldest Son Deheubarth or South-Wales which he gave to Cadelh his second Son and Powis or Powis-Land which he gave to Mervin his third Son and in each of these three Kingdoms he appointed a Royal Palace as at Aberffraw in the Isle of Anglesey for North-Wales at Dynefar or Dynevowr-Castle not far from Carmarthen for South-Wales and at Matravan in Montgomery-shire for Powis-Land Present division But at present according to Act of Parliament made in the Reign of King Henry the Eighth it is severed into two Parts to wit North-Wales and South-Wales both which have as it were devoured all Powis-Land and in each of these parts there are 6 Counties in the North those of Anglesey Caernarvon Denbigh Flint Merioneth and Montgomery and in the South those of Brecknock Cardigan Carmarden Glamorgan Pembroke and Radnor Again Wales like unto
nor costly in their Apparels or Habitations they are very Religious and neglect not the Church yet as all People they are inclined to Venery Contentions and Strifes they are not much addicted unto living in Amity together and for Recreation they are so much addicted to the musick of the Violin that there is scarce any Family but is provided therewith The Government As to the Government for Spiritual Affairs it hath a Bishop who at present is the Right Reverend Dr. Henry Bridgman and is called Lord Bishop of Sodore and for Temporal Affairs a Lieutenant or Governour with two Deemsters or Judges a Controller a Clerk of the Rolls a Receiver a Water-Bailiff an Attorney-General and other Officers And to their further assistance as occasion requireth for the deciding of Controversies c. are usually called the 24 Keys of the Isle especially once every year to wit upon Midsomer-day at St. Johns Chapel to the Tinewild-Court where upon a Hill adjoyning to the said Chapel the Inhabitants of the Isle being there assembled hear the Laws and Ordinances agreed upon before in the Chapel which is performed with no small ceremony and pomp especially if the Lord of the Isle be present who is seated on a Chair of State with a Canopy over his head and attended by his Barons viz. the Bishop the Deemsters the Gentry and the Yeomanry The present Lord of the Isle who is called King in Man is the Right Honourable Charles Stanley Earl of Darby Baron Strange of Knocking and Mohan c. a Dignity hereditary to him and his Heirs Good Orders observed in their Law The Inhabitants have a great happiness above those of England in that they are freed from necessary and chargeable Suits and heavy Fees of the Lawyers for here no Judge or Clerks take any thing for drawing up Orders or making up Processes all Controversies being ended by the Deemsters without Writings or matter of Charge and for the deciding the same they have their several Courts kept at certain times of the year for the Inhabitants of such a sheading or division of the Isle where they have particular Officers which do observe good Rules and Orders The People do here observe two very good Customs the one in not permitting the Poor to get their living by Begging and the other that when the Women go abroad they begirt themselves with their Winding-sheet to put them in mind of their Mortality This Isle is severed into two parts viz. South and North whereof the Inhabitants of the one have affinity with the Scots and the other with the Irish And in these parts are numbred 17 Parishes and many Villages is desended by two Castles and for intercourse of Traffick hath five Market-Towns It s chief places are It s chief places Douglas Douglas the best Peopled Town and of the greatest resort by reason of its commodious Haven unto which the French and others come to Traffick with them for their Commodities as aforesaid and for the security of the Harbour here is a Block-house Russin Russin or Castle-Town where within a small Isle Pope Gregory the Fourteenth instituted an Episcopal See It is fortified with a strong Castle but of no great importance as to the security of the place by reason of its distance from the rocky and shallow Harbour Laxi-Town Laxi-Town seated on a Bay so called Ramsey Ramsey scituate on the Sea where it hath a Haven which for defence hath some Guns mounted thereon Peel Peel or Peel-Castle seated in St. Patricks-Isle a place of great strength towards the Sea and defended by a Castle being a Market-Town as are the former Amongst its other places are these following Balacuri honoured with the Palace of the Bishop Kirh-Androw Kirk-Patriark Kirk-Balalough Kirk-Mighill Kirk-Lennon Kirk-Brodon Kirk-Santon and Kirk-Christ The Isle of Jersey described JERSEY seated near the Coast of Normandy in France and opposite to Hantshire in England of which it is a part it is a place of good strength as well by Nature as Art as being fenced about with Shelves and Rocks and defended by several Castlos It is an Isle of a fertil Soil and the more by reason of their rich manuring it bearing good crops of Corn and other Grain and breeding store of Cattle especially good Flocks of Sheep whose Wool is fine of which they make Jersey-Stockings in great plenty It is ill clothed with Wood instead of which they use for Fuel a kind of Sea-weed which they call Vraic which plentifully groweth on the Rocks and in the craggy Islands and this being dried they burn and with the Ashes they manure the Land Nor are they permitted to gather it but in the Spring and Summer-season and then upon certain days according to the appointment of the Magistrates It s extent This Isle containeth in length from Mount-Orguil-Castle in the East to Sentwon-pool in the West about 10 miles and in breadth from Dubon-point in the South to Plymouth-Bay in the North about 6 and in circumference about 38 miles It s Air and temperature It is blest with a sweet temperate and wholsom Air not being subject to any disease except Agues in September It is well watered with fresh Streams and hath great plenty of Fruit and the Inhabitants who are much of the nature of the French in their Language Manners c. live very happily enjoy the fruits of their labour addicting themselves to Fishing but principally to the Manufacture of Stockings which finds good vent in England and elsewhere The Government of this Isle is as followeth Government viz. a Governour or Captain is sent over by the King of England who appointed Sub-Officers as a Bailiff who together with twelve Jurates or sworn Assistants which are elected our of the 12 Parishes by the choice of the Inhabitants sit and administer Justice in Civil Causes but in Criminal matters he sitteth with seven of them and in Causes of Conscience which are to be decided by reason and equity with only three This Isle is every where furnished with commodious Creeks and Havens and is garnished with twelve Parishes besides several Villages It s chief places It s chief places are St. Hillares so called from St. Hillary Bishop of Poictiers St. Hillares who was hither banished and here interr'd a Town seated on the Sea-shoar nigh unto which is a small Isle so called which is fortified with a Garrison and this Town is the principal in the Isle for its Market Commerce plenty of Inhabitants and for being the place where the Courts of Judicature are kept St. Albans seated not far from the Sea where it hath a a Haven St. Albans as also a small Isle so called St. Clement seated on an Arm of the Sea St. Clements not far from which is the Castle of Mount-Orguil seated on a steep Rock on the Eastern-shoar Mount-Orguil nigh unto which is a place called the Rock and
the Castle of St. Elmo doth merit fame not only for its buildings which are curious but for the entertainment there given to those that fall sick where the Knights themselves lodge when sick or wounded to receive cure where they are exceeding well attended have excellent good dyet served by the Junior Knights in silver and every friday visited by the Grand Master accompanied with the great Crosses a service which was from the first institution commanded and thereupon called Knights Hospitallers Here are as Sandys saith three Nunneries one for Virgins another for Bastards and the third for penitent Whores Castle of St. Elmo The Castle of St. Elmo is at the end of the City of Valetta towards the Sea and at the opening of two Ports During the siege of Malta it was taken and sackt by the Turks after having wasted 18000 Cannonshot given divers assaults and lost 4000 men of their best Militia among others Dragut one of their most famous Coursaiers The Christians lost 1300 men among whom many Knights But this Fort was restored to a far better Estate than before and is separated from the City only by a ditch cut likewise in the Rock on the other side and on the point of the Borgo is the Fort of St. Angelo and likewise above the Borgo and the Isle of Sengle have been made new works to hinder the Turks from lodging there Besides these three Cities and the Forts about them the ancient City of Malta Medina is in the middle of the Island on an easie ascending hill and in an advantagious scituation The Turks assaulted it in 1551 but soon retired The Bishop of the Isle hath here his residence and near the City is yet the Grotte and Chapel of St. Paul where they believe he preached and where he lay when he suffered shipwrack and this place is of great account among them All these Cities and Forts have 250 or 300 pieces of Cannon on their Rampart The Isle very strong and well provided for War and their Magazins are so well provided with Powder Shot Wood Bisket Salt-meats and all Provisions and Ammunition that they call it Malta Flor del Mondo Malta the Flower of the World being provided alwaies with Ammunitions and Provisions for a three years siege yet this is to be understood not only because of its Fortifications and Ammunitions but likewise because of its force and the resolution of its Knights The Order of Knighthood first instituted This order of Knighthood according to Sandys received their denomination from John the charitable Patriarch of Alexandria though vowed to St. John Baptist as their Patron Their first seat was the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem built by one Gerrard at the same time when the Europeans had something to do in the Holy-Land where they received such good success and became so famous that they drew divers worthy persons into this society which by Pope Gelasius the second was much approved of He saith that one Raymond was the first Master of this Order who did amplifie their Canons and entituled himself The poor servant of Christ and Guardian of the Hospital in Jerusalem and at the allowance of one Honorius the second were apparelled in black garments signed with a White-Cross this Order we have said began at Jerusalem and at first meddled not but with the Government of the Hospital of St. John and were called Fryers Hospitallers or simply Hospitallers as those of the Temple Templers but when these Hospitallers were constrained to make profession both of Hospitality and Arms they were called Knights Hospitallers or Knights of the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem These Knights oft forced to remove their habitations after the loss of Jerusalem they held their Convent in the City and Fortress of Margatt then in Aicre or Ptolomaido and all the Latine Christians being driven from the Holy Land and from Souria they retired into Cyprus But during their stay in Cyprus they gained Rhodes and established themselves there so powerfully that they were called Knights of Rhodes Margaret was taken from them in 1285. Aicre in 1291 little less than 200 years after Godfrey of Bulloin had Conquered the Holy Land and this order began before after the loss of Aicre they lived in Cyprus from 1291 to 1309. in which year they took and settled in Rhodes and maintained it more than 100 years sustaining four sieges till in 1522 Sultan Solyman became Master of Rhodes they then retired into Europe now into one place and then into another and in fine to Malta which Charles the fifth gave them in 1530. with some little neighbouring Isles as likewise the City of Tripoly in Barbary which they could keep no longer then 1551. that place being too far engaged in the Enemies Country These Knights are of divers Nations and are divided into eight Tongues to wit of Province of Auvergne of France of Italy of Arragon of England of Germany and of Castile so that the three first are in France and the last in Castile each Tongue contains many Priories and each Priory many Commanderies these three Tongues which are in France have near 300 Commanderies The other five Tongues which are in Italy Arragon England Germany and Castile made near 400. but there are no more in England England the Kings of England when they confiscated the goods of the Church having likewise seized the goods and Commanderies of the Knights of Malta and in Germany a part of these Commanderies being fallen into the hands of Lutherans and Calvinists serve no longer so that at present France alone furnishes little less than half the Commanderies of Malta And it hath been observed that from the first establishment of this Order unto this very present of 57 great Masters there hath been 37 French only 4 or 5 Italians 7 or 8 Spaniards and 11 whose Nation and Tongue the History could not observe but apparently the most part were French since this Order began by the French of these 34 known 12 were in the Holy-Land and in Souria 13 in Rhodes and 〈◊〉 in Malta unto Father Paul of Lascaris of every one there is a Grand Prior who lives in great reputation in his Country who orders the affairs of their Order and for England St. Johns by Clarken-well in times past was a mansion of the Grand-Prior There are several Councels among these Knights Their Government as that for deciding of differences which may happen among them the Councel of War the General Chapter which may augment or moderate the Authority of the great Master renew the Ordinances and Government of the Religion or their Order and which is held every five years The Ceremonies performed in making these Knights The Ceremonies used in Knighting are these which follow first being cloathed in a long loose garment he goeth to the Altar with a Taper in his hand of White Wax where he kneeleth down and desires the Order of the Ordinary then
unto a certain quarter or the Billows are rould unto a certain quarter If therefore the Ship be directed into the same quarter the way made will be greater than the conjecture maketh it but if into a contrary it will be lesser 2. Because the Ship is carried by other Causes into other quarters and so by windings arriveth at another place 3. The winds are variously changed 4. By how much a Ship hath the greater Altitude by so much its Motion seemeth more slow though it be not so Proposition V. To observe the Latitude of a place unto which a Ship is arrived The Seamen observe it by the Sun in the day time and by the Stars in the night as we have shewed in the XXIII Chapter they use Three Instruments See Chap. 23. the Astrolabe the Radius and the Triangle Proposition VI. From whence it is manifest that the Methods used by Seamen to find the places on the Maps unto which they have arrived are fallacious because that they can neither be certain of the Rhombe or quarter of the way or of the quantity of the way made or of the observed Latitude of the place yet the observation of the Latitude of the place unto which they are arrived because that it is not less subject to error especially the Air and Sea being tranquillous may be exempted from this fallacy But from that alone the place it self is not found on the Map or Earth but a second is required viz. either a distance from another place given or a Rhombe by which they Sail from the given place to that or lasty the Longitude of that place from this We have said that the observation of the way made or distance is uncertain as also that of the Rhombs Therefore they return back to find out the Longitude of the place For the Latitude and Longitude of the place being known the place it self is found on the Maps and determined on the Globe of the Earth Whence it is evident that the Art of Navigation requireth the solution of this Problem to the making up of its perfection viz. to find out the Longitude of the place where we are at any time and on any day The prize is propounded let him win who can A MAPP or GENERALL CARTE of the WORLD Designed in two Plaine Hemisphers By Monsieur Sanson Geograph r to the French King and Rendered into English and Illustrated with Figures by Richard Blome By the Kings Especiall Command To the High and Mighty Monarch Charles the Secâ—â—â— by the Grace of God King of England Scotland France and Ireland Defendor of the Faith c. This Mapp in all Humility is Dedicated by your Majesties obedient subiect and sarvant Richard Blome A GEOGRAPHICAL DESCRIPTION OF THE WORLD Taken from the WORKS Of the Famous Monsieur SANSON Late Geographer to the present French King To which are Added About an hundred GEOGRAPHICAL and HYDROGRAPHICAL TABLES of the Kingdoms Countreys and Isles in the World with their Chief Cities and Sea-Ports drawn from the MAPS of the said Monsieur Sanson and according to the Method of the said Description Illustrated with MAPS The Second Part. By RICHARD BLOME Printed in the Year 1680. Geographical TABLES On or above the Surface of the Terrestrial Globe and Maps of the World ought to be understood and noted Ten Points of which Four are called Cardinal Points as the North or the Pole Artick the South or the Pole Antartick the East the West Four are called Collateral Points as the East of the Summer the East of the Winter the West of the Summer the West of the Winter And two as Above and Under us as the Zenith the Nadir Ten Circles or Lines of which Five are Parallels the one to the other as the Aequinoctial or the Aequator the two Tropicks as the Tropick of Cancer the Tropick of Capricorn The two Polar Circles as the circle of the Pole Artick the circle of the Pole Antartick Five others are different the one from the others as in the middle of the Zodiack as the Ecliptick the Horizon as the Horizon rational the Horizon sensible or visible the Parallels or the degrees of Latitude the Meridians or the degrees of Longitude Two Colures in which are 4 Points which note our four Seasons of the year to wit above the colures of the Aequinoxes as the Spring the Autumn the colures of the Solstices as the Summer the Winter Three sorts of Zones in which are five to wit one Torrid or the Parching two Temperate as the temperate Artick or Northernly the temperate Antartick or Southernly two Frozen or Cold as the frozen Artick or Northernly the frozen Antartick or Southernly Three sorts of Shadows which diversly receive the Inhabitants of the five Zones for they are in the Torrid Zone Amphisciens in the Temperate Zones Northernly Northern Heterosciens Southernly Southern Heterosciens in the Frozen Zones Northernly Northern Perisciens Southernly Southern Perisciens Three sorts of Positions as the Inhabitants about the same Parallel opposite in Meridian are Perioeciens the Inhabitants about one Meridian opposed in their Parallels are Antoeciens the Inhabitants opposed both in Meridians and in Parallels are Antipodes The Climates of which the Ancients first made seven which they call by the most famous Places Seas and Rivers by which they passed as dia that is through Meroes dia Sienes dia Alexandrias dia Rhodou dia Pontou dia Boristenon then mâ—e in adding dia Ripheon dia Danias the Moderns made 30 to wit between the Aequator and the Polar circle 24 by half hours between the Polar circle and the Pole 6 by Months The Parallels which are following the Ancients 14 between the Aequator and Polar circle 48 by quarters of hours following the Moderns 60 between the Polar circle and the Pole 12 by fourteen days The Winds whereof the 4 Firsts and whereof the names are Monosyllables shall be called Cardinal Winds as North South East West 4 Seconds and whereof the names are of two syllables and composed of two of the four Firsts shall be called Collateral Winds as North-east North-west South-east South-west 8 Thirds and have their names of three syllables composed of one of the four Firsts and of one of the four Seconds as North North-east North North-west South South-east South South-west East North-east East South-west West North-west West South-west North and a quarter by North-east North and a quarter by North-west North-east and a quarter by North North-west and a quarter by North. 16 Fourths taking their names from four Firsts or four Seconds in saying of one fourth part by the other and that without having regard to the eight Third winds c. as it were South and a quarter by South-east South and a quarter by South-west South-east and a quarter by South South-west and a quarter by South East and a quarter by North-east East and a quarter by South-east North-east and a quarter by East South-east and a quarter by East West and a
thrusteth it self forth into a Promontory called St. Abbs-head Kelso Kelso formerly famous for its Monastery which with thirteen others King David the First raised from the ground for the advancement of Gods glory It s chief places TEIFIDALE that is the Vale by the River Teifie or Teviat adjoyning to England a craggy hilly Country It s chief places are Roxburg Roxburg which gives name to a Territory adjoyning seated between the Rivers Tweed and Teifie once a place of great strength being defended by a Castle and towred Fortifications and here it was that King James the Second of Scotland was unfortunately slain by the breaking of a Cannon at the Siege Jedburgh Jedburgh a well frequented and inhabited Borough-Town seated near the confluence of the Rivers Teviat and Yed Peblis Peblis seated on the Tweed and a branch thereof a Market-Town of some account Merlos Merlos seated also on the Tweed formerly of note for its ancient Monastery of cloistered Monks that gave themselves to Prayer and to get their livings by their handy labour and this place holy King David restored and replenished with Cistertian Monks ESKDALE Eskdale a small Territory so called from a River which passeth through it its chief place was Aesica Aesica that ancient City wherein the Tribune of the first Band of the Astures kept Watch and Ward against the Northern Enemies EVSKDALE Euskdale another small Territory which takes its name from the River that watereth it LIDDISDALE Liddisdale also another small Territory which receiveth its name from the River that passeth through it It s chief places are Brankensey Brankensey c. Harlay and Armetage ANNADALE that is the Vale by the River Annan It s chief places are Annadale Annadale seated at the Mouth of the River Annan And Lough-Mahun Lough-Mahun a Town of good strength as well by Nature as Art nigh unto which is a strong Castle Of a fertil Soil NITHESDALE or NIDDESDALE a County so named from the River Nid which watereth it a County of a fertil Soil which beareth good Corn hath rich Meadows and Pastures and in the Solway which watereth its Southern part are taken great store of excellent Salmons which the Inhabitants for their Recreation oft-times hunt on Horse-back with Spears It s chief places are Dunfreys Dunfreys seated between two Hills and on the River Nid near its influx into the Solway once strengthned with a Castle a Town of good account for making of Woollen-Cloths out more remarkable for the Murther of John Cummin a man of great eminency amongst the Scotch who was slain by Robert Brus in the Church out of fear lest he should fore-close his way to the Kingdom Nigh unto this Town is Solway Solway a small place which seemeth to retain something of the old name of Selgovae Caer-Laverock seated at the Mouth of the Nid Caer-Laverock in former time of so great strength that for a good while it stoutly resisted the power of King Edward the First who besieged it Corda also a flourishing Town in former Ages Corda GALLOWAY a County so called of the Irish who once here inhabited in former times had Princes and Lords over it It is a Country much inclined to Hills which renders it more fit for Grasing than Tillage breeding abundance of small and well limbed Nags which for their nimbleness and hardiness are esteemed excellent for a Traveller And the Sea by which it is washed together with its Bays Creeks Meers and Loughs affords the Inhabitants store of excellent Fish It s chief places are Kircoubright the most commodious Port-Town on this Coast Kircoubright and the second Stewarty of Scotland Cardines a place or Fort of great strength as well by Nature as Art Cardines being seated on a craggy high Rock by the River Fleet and fenced about with strong Walls Wigton seated on a Bay of the Sea between the Rivers Cre and Bladno Wigton a good Haven-Town Not far from this Town and on the Sea-shoar Ptolomy placed the ancient City Leucopibia which is now called Wytherne and here it is said Ninia Leucopibia or Ninian a holy Britain who first instructed the South-Picts in the Christian Faith in the Reign of the Emperour Theodosius the younger had his Seat and built a Church to the honour of St. Martin CARRICT a County that hath rich Pastures and is well furnished with all necessaries both by Land and Sea where it beareth the name of Dunbritain-Frith a large and capacious Bay which with its Rivers and Loughs affords its Inhabitants plenty of Fish It s chief places are Barganie a place of great antiquity Arduntoun and Cosregall Barganie KYLE a fertil County and well inhabited and hath for its chief places Arduntoun Aire seated on a River so called where it looseth it self into the Frith Cosregal a place of some account being a Sheriffdom And Vchiltre Aire Uchiltre CVNNINGHAM also washed with Dunbritain-Frith a County no less commodious and fertil than pleasant being plentifully watered It s chief places are Irwin a Borough-Town seated on a River so called Irwin at its influx into the Frith where it hath a Haven though now choaked up Largis Largis where Alexander the Third destroyed abundance of the Norwegians And Androsan Androsan CLVDESDALE a County so called from the River Cluid that watereth it It s chief places are Glasco pleasantly scituate on the River Cluyd Glasco over which it hath a fair Bridge sustained by eight Arches It is a City of good account well frequented and inhabited enjoyeth a good Trade and is dignified with the See of an Archbishop as also with an Vniversity Douglass seated on a River and in a Vale so called Douglass Lanrick the Hereditary Sheriffdom of the Hamiltons Lanrick who take their name from Hamilton-Castle seated on the fruitful Bank of the Cluid Hamilton Reinfraw which gives name to a Barony Reinfraw Paslay in former times a famous Monastery Paslay founded by Alexander the Second High Steward of Scotland which for a stately Church with rich Furniture was inferiour to few LENNOX a County very Hilly and well watered with Rivers amongst which is the Cluid and the large Lough Lomond about 20 miles in length Lomond Lough and in breadth where broadest about 8 in which are many small Isles amongst which some are said to float about a place noted for great plenty of Fish especially for a Fish called a Polloc found no where else This County is honoured in giving Title to the Right Noble the Duke of Richmond and Lennox c. It s chief places are Dunbritton Dunbritton that is the Britains Town for that the Britains held it longest against the Scots Picts and Saxons being the strongest place in all the Kingdom as well by Nature as Art being loftily seated on a rough craggy and
like feigned Names and Placeâ— EUROPE with its Kingdoms Isles c. may be considered in three times three parts and then The three most Southern parts are SPAIN with its Kingdoms or Principalities viz. Castile Madrid Leon Leon Navarr Pampelona Bisâ—ay Bilboa Asturie Oviedo Gallicia St. Jago de Compoâ—â— Portugal Lisbon Algarve Pharo Andaloufia Sevill Granada Granada Muâ—cia Murcia Aâ—â—agon Caragosa Valencia Valencia Catalonia Barcelona the Isles of Baleares Majorca ITALY with Its several Estates and Principalities the Chief of which are Piedmont Turin Millain Millain Genoua Genoua Parma Parma Mantua and Modena Mantua Venice Venice Toscany Florence Estare of the Church Rome Naples Naples Isle of Sicily Messina Isle of Sardiny Calari Isle of Corsica Bastia TURKEY in EUROPE with its several Estates the Chief of which are those of Bosnie Jaycza Servie Belgrad Bulgarie Sophia Romania Constantinople Macedonia Salonichi Thessalie Armicho Epire Perveza Achaia Selines Pelopornesus Petras Dalmacie Rhagusa Sclavonia Posega Illyris Zatha Croatia Sisseg Together with several Isles as they lie in the Aegean or Grecian Seas as Negroponte Creâ—e the Isles of Cyclades c. Ionian Seas as Zant Zeffalonia Corfu c. Aâ—riatick Seas as Zara Lesina Curzola Lissa c. The three Innermost parts and within the Continent are FRANCE with its twelve Governments or General Estates viz. Picardy Amiens Normandy Roen or Roven Isle of France Paris Champâ—gne Troys Brelagne Nantes Orlenois c. Orleans Bourgogne Dijon Lyonnois c. Lyon Guyenne and Gascogne Bourdeaux Languedoc Toulouse Provence Marseille Dauphin Grenoble The several Estates which lie between France the Catholick Low Countrey Anvers Lorrain Metz the French County Besansons Savoy Cambery Germany the Low Countreys or the United Provinces Amsterdam Rotterdam the Swisses Basle the Grisons Coire GERMANY with its several Estates and Principalities the chief of which are On this side the Rhine Strasbourg Beyond the Rhine Cologne Westphalia Munster Franconia Noremberg Sovabe Ansbourg Bavaria Munchen Austria Vienna Bohemia Prague Higher Saxony Dresden Brandenbourg Berlin Pomerania Stetin Lower Saxony Hamburgh POLAND with its several Estates the chief of which are Polonia Cracow Prussie Dantzick Mazovie Warzaw Lithuania Wilna Volhynia Kyovia Podolia Kamieniec Russia Nigra Loewenberg And some Estates or Principalities towards the Danube and Black-Sea as Hungaria Buda Transylvania Hermenstat Valaquie Targovisko Moldavia Soczowa Little Tartaria Nigropoli The three most Northern parts Kingdoms and Isles are SCANDINAVIA where are the Kingdoms and Estates of Danemark Danemark Capenhagven Norway Trondhem Sweden Gothland Calmar Sweden Stockholm Finland Abo Livonie Riga MOSCOVIA with its several Kingdoms Dutches and Provinces the chief of which are Moscovy Mosco Wolomodire Wolodomer Dwine St. Michael Archaâ— Cazan Kingdom Cazan Astracan Kingdom Astracan The ISLES of GREAT BRITAIN where are the Kingdoms of England London Scotland Edinburgh Ireland Dublin To the high and Mighty Prince James Duke of Yorke Albury Marquesse of Ormond Earle of Ross of Arismanoch L d High Admirall of England Kt of the most noble order of the Garter sole Brother Privi Councellor to his most Sacrid Ma.ty K Charlas the 2d this Mapp is humbly Dedicated by Rich Blome A MAPP of EUROPE Designed by Mounsieur Sanson Geographer to the French King and Rendred into English and Illustrated by Ric Blome By his Majets Espesiall Command London Printed for Rich Blome it EUROPE EVROPE is one of the three parts of our Continent of which Asia makes the most Eastern Africa the most Southern and Europe in regard of them is between North and West Its Bounds It is for the most part bounded by the Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea that which we call the Septentrional or Frozen Ocean on the North and the Occidental or Atlantick Ocean on the West The Mediterranean Sea which is but an Arm of the Ocean lies on its South and separates it from Africa but from Asia it is separated towards the East by divers Seas which fall into the Mediterranean by several Streights between these Seas to wit the Archipelago the Sea of Marmara the Black Sea and the Sea of Zabaque Between the Archipelago and the Marmara is the Streight of Gallipoli or the Dardanelles of old Hellespontus between the Marmara and the Black Sea is the Streight of Constantinople or the Channel of the Black Sea and between the Black Sea and the Sea of Zabaque is the Streight of Caffa or Vospero Then the Rivers of Don Wolga and Oby compleat the division of Europe from Asia by drawing a line from the one to the other Scituation The scituation of Europe is between the 35 and 72 degrees of Latitude and between the 10 and 100 of Longitude though it fill not all this space and it is almost all in the Temperate Zone no part in the Torrid but some under or near the Frozen Zone But the Ocean together with the divers Seas which encompass and divide the parts of Europe have given so great an advantage to its People that they are long since become the most expert in the World in Navigation all Arts and Sciences and in Arms and Military Discipline It s Division We will consider Europe in Nine or three times three principal parts And of these the first three shall be Spain Italy and the Estates of Turkey in Europe and these possess the Southern part of Europe the second three parts shall be France Germany and Poland and these take up the middle part of Europe and the third shall be Scandinavia where are the Estates of Denmark and Sweden Russia Alba or Muscovia and the Isles of Great Britain and Ireland and these are most Northward As to the several small Isles I shall comprehend them under one and the other of these 3 parts and that according to their scituation or vicinity unto them Besides these 9 parts there will remain some Estates and Lands between France Germany and Italy likewise between Germany Poland Turkey and Moscovia and some in Turkey which shall be described as occasion presents The Languages or Speeches But before we proceed to the Parts let us consider that there are 3 principal Tongues and as many principal Religions in Europe viz. the Latin which extends it self into Italy France and Spain though in divers Idioms the Teutonick into Germany the British Isles and Scandinavia the Sclavenian into Poland Moscovy in good part of Turkey Bohemia c. though still in several Idioms and Dialects The other Tongues are much less general as the Greek Albanian Hungarian and the Tartaresque in the Eastern parts and lastly the Basque Welsh Irish and Laplandish in the most Western and Northern parts Religions The Religions are the Protestant which hath spread it self where the Teutonick Tongue is spoken the Roman Catholick is almost every where with the Latin Schism alone and every where amongst the People speaking Sclavonian and Greek the Mahumetan Religion is among the Natural Turks of Europe But to proceed to its Parts SPAIN
FRANCE viz. In the Estates of the CATHO LICK KING to wit In SPAIN as The County of Rousillon where are Perpignan Elne Collioure Salces c. The County of Cerdagne Puy Cerda c. The Principality of Catalogne and County of Barcelone where are Barcelona Girona Vich Solsona Urgel Manressa Cardona Cadegues c. In the LOW COUNTRY as Part of the County of Flanders Gravelines Wasten Part of the County of Artois Arras Hesdin Bappaumes Part of the County of Haynaut Landrochy Part of the Dutchy of Luxenbourg Thionville Damvillers In the FRENCH COUNTY as Part of the Balliages of Gray Vesoul Lure c. Part of the Balliages of Salins Arbois Poligny Bletterans St. Amour Joux c. In divers Lands and Principalities the most part of which are esteemed in the Empire of GERMANY to wit In the Estate of LORRAIN as The Dutchy of Barrois Barle Duc Ligny St. Michael Pont a Moosson The Dutchy of Lorrain Nancy Mirecourt Newchasted on the Meuse Dieuze Sirke c. The Bishoprick of Metz Vic Moyen-Vic Marsal St. Avold Alberstrof Espernay About LORRAIN as The Principality of Sedan The Principality of Arches or Charleville Clermont Stenay Jametz The County of Biche In and about the PALATINATE of the RHINE as Part of the Palatinate of the Rhine Bacharach Creutznach Altzheim Oppenheim Neustat Landau Cermosheim c. Part of the Archbishoprick of Mayence Mayence Bingen c. Part of the Bishoprick of Wormes Wormes Part of the Bishoprick of Spire Spire Udenheim or Philipsbourâ— Part of the Estate of Bade Baden Durlach Pfortzheim c. In ALSACE or ALSATIA as Low Alsace Haguenau Saverne c. Higher Alsace Colmar Schlestat Brisach Newbourg c. County of Pfirt or Ferrette and Country of Sungou Ferrette Tannes Befo rt Blome Landseror c. About ALSACE as The County of Monbeliard c. The Bishoprick of Basle Porentru St. Uâ—sand Dalsperg or Delmont c. The County of Reinfield Reinfield Lanffenbourg Waldshout In the Dutchy of Wirtenberg Hohen-Wiel In Piedmont Pignerol c. In ITALY In the Estates of the Duke of SAVOY to wit In the Principality of Piedmont Turin Suze Avigliane Chivas Santja Ast Quierascq Coni Caours c. In the Marquisate of Saluces Carmagnole Demont In the Estates of MONFERRAT viz. In the Dukedom of Savoy Trin c. In the Dukedom of Mantoua Casal Aqui. On the River of GENES The Principality of Monaco or Morgues Rt. Worshipfull Sr. Iustinian 〈◊〉 of Lamport in Northamptoâ—shire Baronet 〈◊〉 Mapp is Humbly DD. by R. Blome GENERALL MAPP of the KINGDOM of FRANCE Designed by Monsieur Sanson Geographer to the French King FRANCE FRANCE is esteemed the most fertil and powerful Kingdom in Europe and the best next to England that can subsist without the help of others It is seated about the 45th degrees of Latitude It s Scituation which is in the midst of the Temperate Zone It is washed on the East with the Rhine together with an imaginary line drawn from Strasburgh to Calais on the South by the Mediterranean Seas and opens a passage to the Northern Ocean on the West by the Aquitain Sea and on the North by the British Ocean Its Bounds It extends it self from the 42 degrees of Latitude unto the 51 and from the 15th of Longitude to the 29th which makes its length and breadth to be above 200 French Leagues It is contiguous to the Low Countries on the North to Germany and Italy on the East and to Spain on the South It s Soil and Commodities It is of an extraordinary fertil Soil affording three excellent and useful Commodities in great plenty viz. Corn Wine and Salt also Oil Almonds Paper Canvass Linnen both fine and course Oade Corral Skins Nuts Stuffs and several Manufactures Toies and Curiosities It is very plentiful in all Provisions It s People It is exceeding populous and crouded with Towns and Cities once numbring 100000 Parishes which are now reduced to a less number The People are well proportionate and indifferent handsom especially the Men they are of a ready and Mercurial wit of a courteous Behaviour of a hot Brain and soon moved to Broils they are very active and given to Exercises in weighty Affairs both Civil and Martial they are not over subtle their first attempt being like thunder and their end like smoak In matters of Religion they generally follow the Church of Rome in which they are not over strict It would be too tedious to observe all the different Orders and Governments in this Kingdom we will content our selves to say that in the Assemblies of the General Estates where the Nobility Clergy and third Estate have their Seats it is divided into twelve several Government of which four are on this side or if you please Northwards of the Loire four upon and about the Loire and four beyond the South of the Loire The four on this side are Picardy Normandy the Isle of France and Champaigne the four about the Loire are Bretaigne Orleance or Orlenois Bourgogne or Burgundy and Lionois and the four beyond the Loire are Guienne and Gascoigne Languedoc Dauphin and Provence In each Government are several Parts or Countries which are taken notice of in the Geographical Tables of the Kingdom of which in order Goverment of Picardy PICARDY is divided into the Higher and Lower in both of which are divers good Towns in the Lower are 1. Calais called by Coesar Portus Iccius held by the English near 200 years and was then esteemed the Key of the Kingdom it is esteemed one of the best Ports in Picardy seated opposite to Dover in England from which it is distant about eight Leagues once a place of great Trade as being the Staple of English Wools now only of note for its being the receipt of Passengers from this Kingdom to England to and fro 2. Bulloigne a strong Frontier Town towards the Sea 3. Abbeville also a strong Frontier Town In the higher Picardy are 1. Amiens a Frontier City towards Flanaers well fortified and famous for the sudden loss and as sudden and brave regaining it by Henry the Fourth 2. St. Quintin a strong Frontier Town Dukedom of Normandy NORMANDY well watered with Rivers amongst which are the Seine Anon and Orne It is well garnished with Cities and Towns many of which are commodiously seated for Trade by reason of their vicinity to the British Ocean the chief of which are 1. Roan its Metropolis seated in the higher Normandy on the banks of the Seine over which there is a famous Bridge of Boats Here is held one of the Parliaments of France and it is a place of as great Trade as any in France being one of the three principal Towns where Exchanges are used Here the English have a publick Hall allowed them for the sale of English Woolen cloth to which place at certain days they are constrained to expose them to sale 2. Havre de Grace or Now Haven the strongest
the Helm of State have precedency as the Lord Chancellor or Lord Keeper Lord President of his Majesties Council Lord Privy Seal Lord high Chamberlain the Earl Marshal the Lord Chamberlain the Master of the Horse c. Precedency may be thus observed the King who is the fountain of Honour the Prince of England who is eldest Son to the King and is born Duke of Cornwal and about the age of 17 years is usually created Prince of Wales Princes of the Blood Royal who are the Sons Brothers Uncles and Nephews of the King The Archbishop of Canterbury the Lord Chancellor or Lord Keeper the Archbishop of York Lord Treasurer of England Lord President of the Privy Council Lord Privy Seal Dukes Marquesses Dukes eldest Sons Earls Marquesses eldest Sons Dukes younger Sons Viscounts Earls eldest Sons Marquesses younger Sons Bishops Barons Viscounts eldest Sons Earls younger Sons Barons eldest Sons Privy Counsellors that are not Noblemen Judges Viscounts younger Sons Barons younger Sons Knights of the Garter if not otherwise dignified as is rarely found Knights Bannerets Baronets Knights of the Bath Knights Batchelors Colonels Sergeants at Law Masters of Chancery and Doctors and Esquires and those may be comprehended under five several heads 1. Esquires unto the Kings Body 2. the descendants by the Male-line from a Peer of the Realm 3. the eldest Sons of Knights of the Garter Baronets Knights of the Bath and Knights Batchelors 4. the two Esquires attending on the Knights of the Bath at their Knighting and 5. Officiary Esquires as Justices of the Peace Barresters at Law Lieutenant Colonels Majors and Captains and lastly Gentlemen At a Marshal Court held at White-Hall the 18th of March An. Dom. 1615. it was declared and concluded on that there are two degrees that establish and settle the Title of an Esquire by birth the one the younger Sons of Peers of the Realm which do invest into the Heirs-males descended from them the Name and Title of Esquires the other the lineal Heir-male of a Knights House and these may justly assume and challenge the Title of Esquire by birth so that in all reason the younger Sons of Peers are more worthy than Knights so the setling of a Title proceeding from them is more worthy and eminent than that derived from Knights The Dominions of England The Dominions of the King of England are very large for besides that of England Scotland and Ireland there are divers small Isles scituate nigh unto them and do belong to one or the other as the Isles of ORKNEY or ORCADES in number 32 seated against the North-cape of Scotland The Isles of SHETLAND also under the Scotish Dominions the HEBRIDES in number 44 seated Westwards of Scotland the SORLINGS seated in the Westrn-cape of Cornwall the SPORADES being several Isles dispersed about the British Seas amongst which these following are the chief MAN scituate between England Scotland and Ireland JERSEY and GARNSEY on the French Coast WIGHT part of Hantshire PORTLAND part of Dorsetshire STEEPHOLMS and FLATHOM in Somerfetshire AIBBRE in Cheshire DENNY in Monmouthshire CODLEY in Pembrokeshire ANGLESEY which is one of the Welsh Counties SHEPPEY in Kent NORTHEY OSEY and HORSEY in Essex FERNE COCKET and HOLY Isle in Northumberland with several other small Isles not worth the naming as indeed many of these are Then in Africa as TANGIER GVINEY c. In the East Indies several places though belonging to the East India Company of London and in America large Dominions as NEW ENGLAND NEW YORK MARYLAND VIRGINIA CAROLINA all which are on the Continent also divers Isles some of which are very considerable as JAMAICA BARBADOS BERMVDOS ANTEGO NEW FOVNDLAND c. all which shall be treated of as they come in order but first of the English Counties County of Barkshire described BARKSHIRE well clothed with Wood and watered with Rivers is blest with a sweet Air hath a rich Soil fit both for Corn and Pasturage especially in the Vale of Whitehorse and generally the whole County for profit and pleasure yieldeth to few Shires in England The principal Commodity that this Shire produceth is Cloth which finds great vent and amongst the Rivers that water the County the Isis the Oke and the Kenet which affords excellent Trouts are the chief It is severed into 20 Hundreds in which are 140 Parishes and hath 12 Market Towns Reading Reading pleasantly seated near the Thames and on the Kenet which is navigable for Barges to London which adds much to its Trade which is considerable especially for Cloth and Mault 't is a large Town containing three Parish Churches is beautified with well built Houses hath fair Streets is well inhabited and hath a very considerable Market for Grains Malt Hops and most Country commodities on Saturdays 'T is a Town Corporate governed by a Major 12 Aldermen and as many Burgesses with sub-Officers enjoyeth several Immunities and sendeth Burgesses to Parliament 'T was formerly beautified with a fair and rich Monastery and a strong Castle built by King Henry the First where in the Collegiate Church of the Abby himself and Queen with Maud their Daughter were interr'd both which now lie in their ruins New Windsor Windsor pleasantly seated near the banks of the Thames and adjoyning to a Park and Forest well stored with Game 't is a fair large well frequented and inhabited Town Corporate governed by a Major and other sub-Officers sendeth Burgesses to Parliament and hath a very good Market for Provisions on Saturdays This Town is of great note for its stately Castle and Royal Palace of his Majesty seated on a great eminency wherein is a Chappel for Devotion a Colledge for Learning and an Alms-house for decayed Gentlemen called the poor Knights of Windsor and famous is this Castle not only for giving birth to so many of our Kings and Princes but for being the place where the ceremony of the Knights of the Garter is solemnized on St. Georges day Nigh unto New Windsor is Old Windsor a Town of greater antiquity though not of so much splendor Newbury Newbury well seated on the Kennet and in a Champain Plain a large well inhabited and frequented Town Corporate governed by a Major Aldermen and Burgesses beautified with a spacious Market-place and well built Market-house sufficiently served with Corn Flesh Fish and Fowl on Thursdays This Town had its rise out of the ancient Spinae now a small Village near adjoyning and called Speenhamland and is of note for its Jack of Newbury who got so great an estate by Clothing which this Town at present is very considerable for Wallingford Wallingford a Town of great antiquity and in times past very strong and large containing four Parish Churches within its Walls which took up a mile in circuit 'T is at present a large Town Corporate governed by a Major Aldermen and sub-Officers enjoyeth large Immunities and sendeth Burgesses to Parliament 'T is commodiously seated on the banks of the Thames over which
inhabited by Gentry and Persons of Honour as are Hampsted Highgate Hornsey Tottenham-Highcross Muswel-Hill Edmonton c. Towns near adjacent to London London London the epitomy and glory of the Kingdom was the Seat of the British Empire as now the Royal-Chamber of our Kings a City of great antiquity said to be built by Brute the Trojan but all agree it was re-edified by King Lud in Anno Mundi 5131 who called it Luddestown It is seated in a healthful Air and no less pleasantly than commodiously on the banks of the Thames which severeth it into two but unequal parts which are joyned together by a stately Stone-bridge so covered with Houses that it seemeth rather a Street than a Bridge This City is begirt with a Wall first built by Constantine the Great at the suit of his Mother Helena and hath for entrance 7 principal Gates but now as contemning bondage it hath enlarged it self on all sides with spacious Suburbs insomuch that she hath joyned her self to the City of Westminster which name is now swallowed up all passing under the general name of London The City of Westminster according to Mr. Norden in his description of Middlesex was in time past called Thorney or Dorney and was an Isle encompassed with the Thames which divided it self and one branch passed between Chairin-Cross and Kingstreet through St. James's including Tut-hill which said Isle was so called as being overgrown with Briars and Thorns but in the time of King Lucius it is said to be cleansed and the foundation of the great Temple of St. Peters was laid which was raised out of the ruins of a former delicated to Apollo where the Trinobantes or Troinovantes did sacrifice Bulls Bullocks Stags and such like Beasts to Diana Tauropolia whom the Gentiles called the Queen of Heaven This City or part of London is the noblest though not the longest being taken up by the King the Nobility Gentry and such as have their dependancy on the Court or Law being sufficiently graced with fair and beautiful Edifices as 1. The Palaces of his Majesty Whitehall and St. James's to which is joyned a small but delightful Park wherein is a Pall-Mall said to be the best in Christendom 2. The Courts of Judicature and Houses of Parliament now all known by the general name of Westminster-hall and was anciently the Palace of the Kings of England 3. It s Collegiate-Church of Westminster which was formerly the Temple of St. Peter and now renowned for its Chapel built by King Henry the Seventh being beautified with the Tombs of the Kings and Queens and many of the Nobility of England nor is it less famous for the Inauguration of our Kings and Queens 4. The Palace of her Majesty Somerset-house and 5. The Houses of the Nobility And thus much for the City of Westminster The Eastern part or Suburbs of London beyond the Tower is taken up by those that have relation to the Sea and the whole City thus taken is now of a great extent being in length from Black-wall in the East to Tuttle-fields in the West about six miles in breadth 1 2 and in some places 3 miles and is said to make in circuit about 14 or 15 miles in which extent are numbred about 500 Streets and Lanes and contains according to computation about 75000 Houses and by the great number of Houses the Inhabitants may be guest at which without doubt are very numerous and if we consider its great Trade and Commerce with other Nations its Riches Jurisdiction bounds and populousness its good Government the ingenuity of its Inhabitants in Letters Arts and Manufactures c. it may deservedly be numbred with any City of the highest rank in the World The Buildings of note belonging to this City are its Inns of Court and Chancery Guildhall a stately Structure where the Courts of Judicature are held and where the Lord Major Aldermen and Common Council meet for the negotiating the Affairs of the City The Royal Exchange built quadrangular now said to be the best in the known World The Tower a place or large extent well furnished with a Magazin or Arsenal of warlike Munition both for Sea and Land-service and doth contain according to observation a Kings Palace a Prison an Armory a Mint a Wardrobe and an Artillery each having their peculiar Officers and for Buildings resembleth a Town having a Parochial Church exempted from the Jurisdiction of the Archbishop Gresham Colledge given to the City by Sir Tho. Gresham with the allowance of liberal Salaries to professors of several Arts and Sciences to read Lectures for the advancement of Learning amongst the Citizens The Colledge of Heralds called the Heralds Office where the Records for the Arms Descents and Pedigrees of the Nobility and Gentry are kept Doctors Commons which is taken up by the Civilians The Colledge of Physitians The Halls of the several Incorporated Companies The Houses of Correction amongst which that of most note is Bridewell a large Building The Hospitals viz. St. Bartholomews Christ-Church and the Charter-house or Suttons Hospital being the noblest Hospital in the Kingdom in which are well maintained 80 Old men and 40 Boys The Sessions House for the trial of Malefactors and lastly its Churches and Free Schools This City within the Walls and Freedom is divided into 26 Wards and the Government thereof committed to the care of so many Aldermen each having the overseeing of his several Ward and besides these Aldermen there are 2 Shoriffs which are yearly chosen as also a Lord Major who is the principal Magistrate To the making a compleat City there are several principal parts or helps required for the supportation thereof and without which it cannot well stand to wit Husbandry and Artificers for the providing Food and Rayment for its Inhabitants Arms and Ammunition for its defence the Priesthood for Divine worship Judges Councellors c. for the administration of Justice and Traffick for the bringing in of Riches In all which this City in a liberal measure is blest with County of Monmouth MONMOVTHSHIRE This County formerly part of Wales is blest with a healthful Air and although very hilly and woody yet is exceeding fertil especially the Eastern parts which are not so hilly as the Western the Hills feeding abundance of Cattle and Sheep and the Valleys bearing great crops of Corn and Grass and the rather for its being watered with so many fresh Streams the chief of which are the Vske Wye Munow Ebunith Scoway and the Rumney which fall into the Severn Sea It is divided into Hundreds in which Tract are seated 127 Parish Churches and is traded unto by 7 Market Towns Monmouth Monmouth no less pleasantly than commodiously seated on the banks of the Wye and Munow which doth almost encircle it over each of which is a Bridge In the midst of the Town near the Market-place standeth a once stately but now ruinous Castle It is a fair large well built and inhabited
Fowl called the Soland-Geese which in many places are taken in very great plenty and are sound very profitable to the Inhabitants not only for their Flesh to eat but for their Feathers and Oil. Their chief Commodities are Course Cloths Freezes Lead-Oar Feathers Sea-Coal Alum Iron Salt Salt-Peter Linnen-Cloth Train-Oil Hops Wood Alablaster some Hides and Tallow c. To the R t Noble Iames Duke of Monmouth Buckleuch Earle of Doncaster Dalkeith Baron of Kendale Miâ—ekeâ—â— Ashdale Kt. of the Garter one of his Majs most honble prvy Councell This Mapp is most humbly dedicatâ—â— by Ric Blome A MAPP of the Kingdome of SCOTLAND By Ric Blome by His Majys comand Its Inhabitants The Inhabitants especially those Southernly are of a good feature strong of body very hardy couragious and fit for Martial affairs and their Nobility and Gentry which are of several degrees as Dukes Marquesses Earls Viscounts Barons Knights Esquires and Gentlemen are generally very ingenuous and accomplished men in all civil knowledge Nobility and Gentry of Scotland Their Sessions of Parliament This Kingdom like unto England consisteth of a King Nobility Gentry and Commons and these with the Lords Spiritual assemble together in Parliament as often as they are called together by Writ from the King And by reason of his Majesties residence in England so that he is not here at their Sessions of Parliament he constituteth and sendeth one to act as his Vice-Roy who is commonly called Lord Commissioner and such at present is the Right Noble John Duke of Lotherdale c. Things worthy of note Amongst the things worthy of note in this Kingdom for Antiquity famous was that Fortification drawn from Abercorne upon Edenborough Frith unto Alcluyd now called Dunbritton opening upon the West Sea where as Speed noteth Julius Agricola set the limits of the Roman Empire past which according to Tacitus there were no other bounds of Britain to be sought for And here the second Legion of Augusta and the twentieth of Victrix built a part of the Wall as also an ancient coped Monument of an high and round compass which according to the opinions of some was a Temple consecrated to the God Terminus but others there be that will have it to be a Trophy raised by Carausius who fortified this Wall with seven Castles Caledonian Wood. Here began that Wood Caledonia which name Tacitus attributeth to all that Tract of ground which lieth Northward beyond Grahames Dike or the Wall of Antonius Pius which Ptolomy divideth into several Nations as the Caledonii Vacomagi Epidii c. who are all known to the Romans by the general name of the Picts from their painting themselves This Wood or Forrest was very spacious and over-shadowed with Thickets and tall over-spreading Trees which rendred it impassable and was divided by Grampe-Hill now calâ—ed Grantzbain that is the crooked bending Mountain Solinus is of opinion that Vlysses was in Caledonia and to confirm his belief therein he saith there was a Votive Altar with an Inscription in Greek Letters Plutarch â—aith that Bears were brought out of Britain to Rome but for more truth 〈◊〉 may be said that here were bred the wild white Bulls a Beast of nature â—erce and cruel whose thick and curled manes resembled the Lions In the â—ays of Severus Argetecox a petty Prince reigned over this Tract of Ground â—hose Wife being reproachfully called by Julia the Empress an Adulteress â—oldly made this Answer We British Dames have to do with the best of men Cámbden p. 32. â—â—t you Roman Ladies secretly commit the same with every base and lewd Companion Two famous Loughs In this Kingdom are two famous Loughs Nessa and Lomund the former never Friezeth though in the extreamest cold weather and the waters of the â—atter most raging in the calmest and fairest weather and herein is an Island that the Wind forceth or moveth to and fro In the Rivers Dee and Done besides the great abundance of Salmons is taken a Shell-fish called the Horse-muskle wherein Pearls are engendred which are very good in many Physical Medicines and some of them not much inferiour to the Oriental Pearl Courts of Judicature Court of Parliament As to their Courts of Judicature they are peculiar to themselves and are several The chief amongst which is the High Court of Parliament consisting of Lords and Commons hath the same Authority as that of England and is also summoned by Writ from his Majesty at his pleasure as occasion requireth Colledge of Justice The second Court is the Sessions or Colledge of Justice consisting of a President 14 Senators 7 of the Clergy and as many of the Laity unto whom was afterwards adjoyned the Chancellor who is the chief and 5 other Senators besides 3 principal Scribes or Clerks and as many Advocates as the Senators see convenient And this was thus constituted by King James the Fifth in Anno 1532 after the form of the Parliament at Paris These sit and administer Justice with equity and reason and not according to the rigour of the Law every day except Sundays and Mondays from the first of Novemb. to the 15 of March and from Trinity Sunday to the first Calends of August and all the time between as being either Seed-time or Harvest is vacation They give judgment according to the Parliament Statutes and Municipal Laws and where they are defective they have recourse to the Imperial Civil Law Other Courts There are likewise in every Shire or County inferiour Civil Judicatories or Courts kept wherein the Sheriff of the Shire or his Deputy decideth the Controversies and Law-suits of the Inhabitants from which there are oft-times Appeals to the Sessions or Colledge of Justice And these Sheriffs are for the most part Hereditary Besides these Courts there are other Judicatories which they call Commissariots the highest whereof is kept at Edenburgh and these have to do with Ecclesiastical affairs as Wills and Testaments Divorcements Tithes c. In criminal Causes the Kings Chief Justice holdeth his Court at Edenburgh Likewise the Sheriffs in their Territories and the Magistrates in some Boroughs may sit in Judgment of Manslaughter in case the Manslayer be taken within 24 hours after the fact committed and being found guilty by a Jury may be put to death but if the said limited time is past the matter is referred and put over to the Kings Justice or his Deputies There are also Civil Courts in every Regality holden by their Bailiffs Ecclesiastical Government This Kingdom as to Ecclesiastical Government is divided into two Archbishopricks viz. of St. Andrews the Primate of Scotland and of Glasco and under these are several Suffragan-Bishops viz. under him of St. Andrews those of Dunkeld Aberdon Murray Dunblan Berohiu Ross Cathanes and Orkney And under him of Glasco those of Galloway Argile or Lismore and the Isles Ancient Inhabitants of Scotland The ancient People of this Kingdom were 1.
two-headed Rock at the meeting of the Rivers near the large Lough Lomond and in a green Plain in one of the tops is or was placed a Watch-Tower and on the other several Fortifications or Bulwarks on the East-side it hath a boggy Flat which at every Tide is covered with water and on the South it hath the River Cluid Alcluyd Alcluyd an ancient City by some said to be the same Dunbritton Of a fertil Soil STRIVELING or STIRLING a County of a fertil Soil and well inhabited and here is that narrow Land or Streight by which Edenburgh-Frith and Dunbrith-Frith thrusting themselves far into the Land out of the East and West Seas are separated from meeting together which space was fortified with Garrisons between by Julius Agricola so that all the part on this side was in the possession of the Romans and their Enemies were forced to retire themselves into the more Northern and Hilly part of the Kingdom but this lasted not long for Agricola being called home the Caledonian Britains forced the Romans back as far as the River Tine and when Hadrian arrived in Britain about 40 years after instead of going farther he gave command that the God Terminus which used not to give ground to any should be withdrawn back and that a Wall of Turffs commonly now called Grahams-Dike should be made between the Rivers Tine and Eske Southward on this side Edenburgh-Frith for about 100 miles which proved successful unto them And along this Wall hath been oft-times found several Inscriptions and pieces of Romish Antiquities And of remark was that ancient round building 24 Cubits high and 13 broad open at the top and framed of rough and unpolished Stones without any Cement Lime and Morâ—ar some call this the Temple of the God Terminus others Arthur's Oven and others Julius Hoff as supposing it to be raised by Julius Caesar but Cambden would rather believe it to be built by Julius Agricola who fortified these parts had not Ninius said it was built by Garausius as a Triumphal Arch in memory of some Victory The chief places in this County are Stirling Stirling Striveling or Stirling-Borough a place of good strength and fortified with a powerful Castle high mounted on the brow of a steep Rock a place dignified with the birth of King James the Sixth of Scotland and First of England who afterwards caused it to be beautified with new Buildings Falkirke Falkirke c. Cumirnald and Torwood MENTEITH a County so called from the River Teith It s chief places are Dunblain Clackmannan Dunblain seated on the River Teith being the See of a Bishop and Clackmannan Of a very fertil Soil FIFE a fertil County in Corn and Pasturage hath Pit-Coal and the Sea with its two Arms Forth and Tau which almost encompass it affordeth store of Oysters and other Fish It s chief places are St. Andrews St. Andrews of old Regimund that is St. Regulus Mount which Vng or Oeng King of the Picts gave to God and St. Andrew that it should be the chief and Mother Church of the Picts Kingdom It is a City pleasantly seated on the Sea-shoar near Fif-ness is fortified with a fair and strong Castle is dignified with an Archiepiscopal See which is Primate of all Scotland and is also honoured by being the Seat of the Muses Disert Disert seated on the rising of a Hill and in an open Heath so called where there is a large place called the Cole-plot that affordeth good store of Bitumen Dunfirmling Dunfirmling a famous Monastery in old time and of note as well for its Building and being the Burial-place of King Malcomb the Third as for giving Title to the Earl of Dunfirmling Falkland Falkland well and pleasantly seated for Hunting for which purpose the Kings have had here their Retiring-house Cupre Cupre a Borough-Town of some note STRATHERNE that is the Vale along the River Ern hath for its chief places Abergenny Abergenny once a City of good account being the Royal Seat of the Picts Kings which as 't is said Nectane their King dedicated to God and St. Bridget with a Tract of ground thereto belonging Drimein Drimein-Castle well seated on the River Ern. Tulibardin Tulibardin-Castle scituate also on the same River ARGILE a County well furnished with Pools in which together with the Sea and its many Arms which it sendeth forth are taken great plenty of good Fish and in its Mountains are bred a kind of wild Deer Places of good account are none in this County LORNE a Country of an apt Soil for bearing of Barley is well watered being divided by the large Lough or Lake called Leane It s chief places are Dunstafage Dunstafage seated near the said Lake once dignified with a House of the Kings Tarbar Tarbar where King James the Fourth ordained a Justice and a Sheriff to administer Justice to the Inhabitants of the out-Isles Bergonum and Bergonum CANTTRE that is the Lands-head as thrusting it self forth with a long and tapered Promontory which Ptolomy called the Promontory Epidiorum This County seated near Ireland Kiltan Sandell between the extream point of which and Marlock or Tor-Bay in Ireland there are scarce 13 miles It s chief places are Killtan and Sandell Isle of Arran ARRAN a small County and Isle near unto Cantire hath for its chief places Arran and Rothsay The Highlanders ALBAINE or BRAID-ALBIN whose Inhabitants are called the Highlanders a kind of rude and warlike People and much of the nature of the Irish in habit and disposition It s chief places are Enrer Lothea and Foyre PERCH a large and fertil County hath for its chief places Perch Perch or St. John's Town a place of good account and once larger than now it is being built by King William it is pleasantly seated between two Greens and on the River Tau which is navigable for Barges Dunkelden Dunkelden dignified by King David with an Episcopal See supposed to be a Town of the Caledonians Berch Also on the Tau stood the little City of Berch which was washed away by the overflowings of the said River together with many of its Inhabitants amongst which was an Infant-Child of the Kings in its Cradle Scone Scone seated on the farther side of the Tau dignified with an Inauguration of the Scotch Kings before their Union to England Westminster now being the place and where the Chair in which the Kings were then Crowned is which is at present made use of upon the like occasion Caladonia Wood. ATHOL an indifferent fertil County and well clothed with Wood where is that large and overshadowed Wood Caladonia already treated of a Country said to be infamous for Witches It s chief place is Blaire Very fertil and well watered ANGVIS a fertil County both for Corn and rich Pastures is well watered with several Rivers which lose
landed his Army there and obtained the Regal Dominion thereof which being passed over unto him by their Nobles and Commonalty their Charter so signed was transmitted to Rome and was confirmed by a Patent of Pope Hadrian by a Ring delivered unto him in token of his investure and was farther confirmed by the Authority of certain Provincial Synods and ever since that time it hath remained in the possessions of the Kings of England The Temporal Government of Ireland The Temporal Government since the English became Masters thereof hath most commonly been by one Supream Officer sent over by the Kings of England and called Lord Deputy or Lord Lieutenant who for Majesty State and Power is not inferiour to any Vice-Roy in Christendom living in great grandure and having ample and Royal Power and Authority granted unto him and as Assistant unto him in so weighty a concern he hath his Privy Council being a select number of honourable and prudent persons chosen out of the Nobility Clergy and Capital Officers of State for their Degrees of Honour and Offices of State they are the same with those of England already treated of The present Lord Lieutenant is the Right Noble his Excellency Arthur Capell Earl of Essex Viscount Maldon Baron Capell of Hadham c. Its Laws and Courts of Judicature The Laws of this Kingdom have correspondency with those of England and have likewise there several Courts of Judicature as the Chancery Common-Pleas Kings-Bench Exchequer c. but above all the High Court of Parliament There are likewise in each County Justices of the Peace for the quiet governing and well ordering the Inhabitants as in England The Archbishops and Bishops As to the Ecclesiastical Government of this Kingdom it is committed to the care of four Archbishops under whom are divers Suffragan Bishops whose names are as followeth Under the Archbishop of Armagh who is Primate of Ireland are the Bishops of Meath or Elnamirand Conuer Rathluc Dune or Dundalethglas Ardachad Derry Dal-Liquir Chlocor or Lugundum and Rathbot Under the Archbishop of Dublin those of Ferne Lechlin Glendalach Ossery and Kildare Under the Archbishop of Cassile those of Limrick Waterford Corke Laonie or Kendalnan Gellumabrath Lismore Ardefret the Isle of Gathay Clon De Rosalither Melite or Emilech and Ross or Roscree And under the Archbishop of Tuam those of Elphin Gonany Clonfred Enachdun Achad Duac or Killmacduoc Mage Killmundâ—ach Cellaiar Roscomon and Lade or Killaleth According to the Temporal Government of this Kingdom it is severed into four Provinces to wit Leimster Vlster Connaugh and Mounster which are again subdivided into several Counties which comprehend several Baronies in which are seated several Towns And of these Provinces in order LEIMSTER It s fertility THis Part of Ireland for the generality is of a fertil Soil affording great plenty of Corn Cattle Fowl and Fish enjoyeth a wholsom and temperate Air is well watered with Rivers the chief amongst which are the Shour Neor and Barraeo It s Bivers which have their rise out of that great Mountain called by Giraldus Bladinae Montes It is very well inhabited as well by the Gentry as the Commonalty and the rather by reason of Dublin the Metropolitan City of this Kingdom therein seated It s form may be said to be triangular for from South-east to the West-point is above 80 miles from thence to the North-west about 70 and her East-Coast about 18 the circumference making about 270 miles And for its bounds it hath on the West the Province of Connough on the North that of Leimster and on the East and South the Sea which regards England from which that is from Holy-head in the Isle of Anglesey it is distant about 50 miles a Sea very dangerous for Saylers by reason of the Flats and Shallows that lie over against Holy-point which are called the Grounds And as to its division it is severed into ten Counties to wit Dublin East-Meath West-Meath Longford Kildare Kings County Queens County Caterlough Weixford and Kilkenny all which are again subdivided into several Baronies and of these Counties in order County of Dublin described DVBLIN or Divelin a fertil County for Corn and Cattle but ill provided with Wood which defect is supplied by Peat or Turff dug up in the clammy places as also by Sea-Coal brought from England It is severed into seven Baronies viz. New-Castle Vpper-Cross Rath-down Castle-knock Coolock Balrudery and Nether-Cross and by reason of its City Dublin the Metropolis of Ireland is very well furnished with Towns and inhabited by Gentry It s chief places are Dublin Dublin the capital City in the Island by Ptolomy called Eblana by the Latinists Dublinium and Dublinia by the West Britains Dinas Dulin and by the Irish Balacleigh that is the Town upon Hurdles by reason that when it began to be first built the ground being wet and moorish the Foundation of its Houses were laid upon Hurdles It is a City of great Antiquity and said to be built by Harold the first King of Norway who brought most of the Kingdom under his obedience though not without great Spoils and after the Conquest of the English was Peopled by a Colony of Bristol-men It is no less pleasantly than commodiously seated on the River Liffie which after a small course emptieth it self into a capacious Bay of the Sea where it hath a good Haven and a fair prospect and on the South it hath delightful Hills which with the several Parks here adjacent afford great Recreation to the Gentry It is a City dignified and enriched with the residence of the Lord Lieutenant as also with the See of an Archbishop with an Vniversity and the Courts of Judicature by reason of which it is a place of good Traffick being well inhabited and frequented by Nobility and Gentry as also by abundance of wealthy Merchants and Shop-keepers It is beautified with many fair Buildings both publik and private the principal amongst which are the Lord Lieutenants Palace a stately Structure built by order of King Henry the Second in the East-Suburbs then the Cathedral Church dedicated to St. Patrick consisting of a Dean Chanter Chancellor Treasurer two Arch-Deacons and twenty Prebendaries Nigh unto which is the Archbishops Palace both which are without the City in the Suburbs called St. Patricks Then the Collegiate Church consecrated to the Holy Trinity commonly called Christ-Church seated in the midst of the City which Queen Elizabeth dignified with the Priviledges of an Vniversity and not far from this is the Town-Hall called Toles-tale a fair Stone-building of a quadrangular form and here the Lord Major Sheriffs Aldermen and other the Magistrates of the City assemble together for the management and consulting on the publick Concerns of the City as to hear Causes hold Sessions c. Then a beautiful Colledge with several other fair Edifices It is at present a City of a large Extent to what it formerly was and doth daily increase in
on the top thereof grow certain Strings which resemble Hair the great end of the Branches appearing like Hands extended forth and the Dates as Fingers And so much for Egypt LIBYA INTERIOR which doth comprehend ZAHARA or SAARA with its Parts or Provinces of ZANHAGA Tegassa ZUENZIGA Zuenziga Ziz Ghir TARGA Hair Targa LEMPTA Lempta Dighir Agades BERDOA Berdoa BORNO Borno Kaugha Amasen GAOGA Gaoga The Land of NEGROES with its Parts or Kingdoms as they lie On this side the Niger as GUALATA Guadia Angra Arguya GENEHOA Genehoa Walade Ganar Samba-Lamech TOMBUT Tombut Salla Berissa Guegneve AGADES Agades Deghir Mura CANUM Cano Tassana Germa CASSENA Cassena Nebrina Tirca GANGARA Gangara Semegonda Between the Branches and about the Mouth of the Niger as JALOFFES Emboule Lambaya Yagoa Bersola Nabare Besu Catcheo Boyla Codan Julieto GAMBIA CASANGUAS BIAFARES Emboule Lambaya Yagoa Bersola Nabare Besu Catcheo Boyla Codan Julieto Beyond the Niger as MELLI Melli. SOUSOS Beria MANDINGUE Mandinga Tocrur GAGO Gago Dau. GUBER Guber ZEGZEG Zegzeg Channara ZANFARA Zanfara Reghebil GUINY and regarding the Atlantick Ocean with its Parts or Kingdoms of MELEGUETTE with its chief Places as they lie On the Sea as Bugos Timaa Bagga Serbora Masfah Faly Hamaya Samwyn Crou and Growaly Within Land as Bolombere Quinamora GUINY particularly so called or the IVORY or GOLD Coast with its chief places as they lie On the Sea as Tabo Taboe Petoy Wetoe Moure Nassau St. George del Mina Cormantir Berku Pompena Within Land as Laboure Uxoo Quinimburm Acanes Grandes Dauma Aâ—â—â—raus Adios St. Eaurenco Zabandu Buma Roggis Jamo BENIN with its chief Places as they lie On the Sea as Popou Jackeyn Loebo Fosko Borli Bodi and Cesge Within Land as Bâ—din Oâ—verre Aâ—ovon and Curamo ZAHARA That is DESART Zahara its name and description of the Country IN our Africa or Libya Interior we have placed ZAHARA the Country of the NEGROES and GVINY Zahara is an Arab name and signifies Desart and this name is taken from the quality of the Country so the Arabs divide the Land into three sorts Cehel Zahara and Azgar Cehel hath only Sand very small without any Green Zahara hath Gravel and little Stones and but little Green Azgar hath some Marshes some Grass and little Shrubs The Country is generally hot and dry it hath almost no Water except some few Wells and those Salt if there fall great Rains the Land is much better But besides the leanness of the Soil there is sometimes such vast quantities of Grasshoppers that they eat and ruin all that the Earth produceth Through this Country the Caravans pass which adds no small advantage unto it It is so barren and ill inhabited that a Man may travel above a week together without seeing a Tree or scarce any Grass as also without finding any Water and that Water they have is drawn out of Pits which oft-times is covered with Sand and tastes very brackish so that many times Men die for want of it which knowing the defect those Merchants which travel in this Country carry their Water as well as other Provisions on their Camels backs It s People The People are Bereberes and Africans likewise Abexes and Arabs of which the first are seated in the most moist places the others wander after their Flocks Some have their Cheques or Lords almost all follow Mahometism Though the Air be very hot yet it is so healthful that from Barbary the Country of the Negroes and other places Sick people come as to their last remedy It s division and parts described This great Desart is divided into seven principal Parts of which the three Western are Zanhaga Zuenziga and Targa or Hair The four towards the East are Lempta Berdoa Gaoga and Borno Almost every part reaches the full breadth and all together make but the length of this Desart ZANHAGA is most Westward Zanhaga and touches the Ocean with this Desart are comprehended those of Azaoad and Tegazza This last yields Salt like Marble which is taken from a Rock and carried 2 3 4 or 500 Leagues into the Land of the Negroes and serves in some places for Money and for this they buy their Victuals These People use it every moment letting it melt in their Mouths to hinder their Gums from corrupting which often happens either because of the heat which continually reigns or because their food corrupts in less than nothing In the Desart of Azaoad and in the way from Dara to Tombut are to be seen two Tombs the one of a rich Merchant and the other of a Carrier The Merchants Water being all gone and ready to die for want buys of the Carrier who had not overmuch one Glass full for which he gave him 10000 Ducats a poor little for so great a Sum but what would not a man do in necessity yet at the end the Carrier repented his bargain for both the one and the other died for want of Water before they could get out of the Desart Those near the Sea have some Trade with the Portugals with whom they change their Gold of Tibar for divers Wares To the Hono ble the Governour Sub Governour Deputy Governour Court of Assistants of the Hono ble Company of Royall Adventurers of England tradeing into Affrica This Mapp is humbly dedicated by Ric. Blome â—FRICA or LIBIA ULTERIOUR Where are the COUNTRIES of SAARA DESERT â—he COUNTRIE of NEGROES and GUINE With the Circumjacent Countries and Kingdoms Designed by Monsieur Sanson Geographer to the French King and Rendered into English by Richard Blome By the Kings Especiall Command Printed for Richard Blome The Country or Desert of ZVENZIGA Zuenziga under the name of which passes that of Cogdenu and is more troublesom and dangerous than that of Zanbaga as also more destitute of Water and yet it hath many People among others certain Arabs feared by all their Neighbours and particularly by the Negroes whom those Arabs take and sell for Slaves in the Kingdom of Fez But in revenge when they fall into the hands of the Negroes they are cut into so many pieces that the biggest that remains are their two Ears It s chief places are Zuenziga and Ghir The Desart of TARGA or HAIR some esteem this last the name of the Principal Place Targa and the other of the People is not so dry nor troublesom as the two others There are found many Herbs for Pastures the Soil indifferent fruitful and of a temperate Air. They have some Wells whose Water is good In the Morning there falls store of Manna which they find fresh and healthful of which they transport quantity to Agades and other places It s chief places are Targa and Hair LEMPTA is likewise esteemed the name of a People Lempta and its principal place also Digir This Desart is dry and more troublesom than that of Targa and its People haughty brutish and dangerous to them that cross it going from Constantina