all straungers to hym ¶ In conclusion the Frenchemen toke Rauenna with diuers other citees of the bishops whiche they enioyed not longe For the bishop immediately gatte into his league the emperour the kyng of England the Germaines and the Suizers So that the Frenche kynge beyng vexed on all sides was easily constreigned to forgoe his conquestes and dominions in Italie specially through force of the Suizers that vnder the leadyng of theyr Cardinall Sedunese came in great numbre to the bishops seruice who rewarded theim with the title of defendours of the churche and gaue them a gilt sword and an hatte of maintenaunce ¶ Somewhat before his death he established his cousin Francesco Maria Duke of Vrbine ¶ Leo the .x. of the house of Medici a Florentine borne was a pleasant man of nature and gaue him selfe more to humanitee and pleasures of this life than either to religion or to encrease of dominion ¶ He encreased muche the reputacion of his house but because he expulsed by force Francesco Maria Duke of Urbine out of his astate and placed in the same fyrst his brother Iulian and after his nephiew Laurence the worlde accused hym of tyrannie For he attempted to dooe the lyke vnto the Duke of Ferrare but he preuailed not ¶ Some ill was suspected of hym for his to muche delicatenesse in bringyng vp of children and for his opinion of immortalitee ¶ Adrian the .vii. by contencion amongest the Cardinalles happened to be elected reputed of theim for an ignoraunt man though some other had a good opinion bothe of his vertue and learnyng But because his life was nothyng courtely or agreable to the Cardinalles either through gods visitacion or as most men thinke thoroughe theyr poyson practises he was soone dispatched ¶ Clement the .vii. brother vnto Leo the .x. immediately after his election toke parte with the Frenche kyng against the emperour So that whan the frenche king was taken before Pauia the family of Colonna which hath ben alwaies imperiall through helpe of Don Hugo Moncada beganne to warre with the bishop and after diuers subtill practises and persuasions so handled the mattier that they entred into Rome and missed but a little to haue taken the bishop who hearyng the rumour sodeinly fled to Castel Sant ' Angelo Wherfore after the bishop had drawen Don Hugo Moncada to his parte the Colonnesi endured cruell warre to theyr great domage ¶ Than came the Duke of Bourbone who was slaine with the shotte of an handgun from the wallê of Rome â–ª but the emperours armie wherof he was capitaine toke the citee by assault sacked spoyled and burned it and for the space of .xv. daies vsed suche triumph that for theyr passetyme thei woulde make suche Cardinallê and prelates as were theyr prisoners ride scornefully about the towne vpon asses with theyr faces to the tayle and so streictly besieged Clement that he was faine to geue theim .400000 dukates for his raunsome and to yeld the castell into the emperours handes ¶ But within lesse than .iii. yeres after the emperour came him selfe into Italie and hauing made peace with the bishop receiued of hym the imperiall crowne in Bononia with so great triumph and pompe that the like hath not been hearde of in our daies Duryng the whiche there came ambassadours to Clement with letters from Preter IohnÌ„ of great commendacions desyre of amitee and vnion of religion ¶ Before theyr departure from Bononia the emperour graunted the bishop his armie against the Florentines and concluded the mariage of his bastarde daughter to Clementes nephiew Alexander di Medici that afterwardes was Duke of Florence But ere the Florentines would lose theyr libertees they susteigned a notable warre for the space of .xii. monethes ¶ And lyke as by force he oppressed the Florentines so by treason he subdued Ancona For vnder pretence of amitee and counsaile persuadyng them that the Turkes armie by sea was comyng against theim he sent a capitaine of his called Bernardin who with certaine men of warre was receiued into the citee and so vsurped the dominion for the churche ¶ In this bishops tyme happened suche a sodeine rage of water in Rome that the high toures were drowned and a great numbre of people with infinite richesse lost so that the bishop hym selfe had muche adooe to escape it whiche maie well be thought a plage of god sent for the abhominacion that reigneth there ¶ Finally Clement mette with the frenche kynge at Marseiles in Prouaunce and there concluded the mariage that folowed betwene Katherine Clementê neece and Henrie now frenche kyng than but secounde sonne to the frenche kynge Shortly after whose mariage Clement died ¶ Paule the .iii. that now is bishop before the tyme of his election helde hym selfe so indifferent betwene the factions imperiall and frenche that no man could know to whether part he was most inclined ¶ In the beginnyng of his tyme he procured all Christian princes to warre against the Turke so that the emperour that Uenetians and he made an armie by sea vnder the leadyng of Andrea Doria who mette with Barbarossa besydes Corfu but they foughte no battaile though the Christians were more in noumbre and better furnisshed than the Turkes whether Andrea Doria were blame woorthy I can not tell But ones the Uenetian Galeon a notable shippe was lefte alone in the middest of the Turkishe nauie that assaulted hir .iiii. or v. houres and yet at length came cleane awaie in despite of theim all ¶ This bishop went to Nisa in Prouaunce where by his procurement the emperour and frenche kyng mette and concluded a peace whiche dured not longe ¶ Than died the Duke of Urbine Incontinently vpon whose death the bishop made warre to the younge Duke Guido Vbaldo for the state of Camerino and constreigned him for a little summe of money to geue ouer the astate In in whiche the bishoppe establisshed his owne sonne Pietro Aluigi Duke ¶ After this vppon a light occasion the bishoppe made warre to Ascanio Colonna thiefe of that familie and Peter Aluigi beyng generall of the bishops army handled Ascanio Colonna and his adherentes so cruelly that they were faine to abandone theyr owne townes and castelles and to liue in exile as banished men till by the emperours meanes they were restored to the bishops fauour and absolucion ¶ This Paule to exalte his owne bloudde by consent of his Cardinalles exchaunged the Duchie of Camerino with the churche for the citees and territories of Placentia and Parma Wherof he inuested his forenamed son as Duke whose behauiour was suche that he continued not fully two yeres for the nobilitee of the same detestyng his wicked life and tyrannie conspyred against hym and slew hym in his owne house in Placentia yeldyng that citee the next daie into the emperours handes ¶ The bishop sent a fayre armie bothe of horsemen and footemen to succcour the emperour in his enterprise against the Germaines and made his sonnes sonne called the
appoinâ—tment Alexander came honorablie to Uenice to mete the emperour for a treatie of peace wherby the other historie of the cookish apparaile shoulde seeme vntrewe In effect howe so euer it were there they mette and the emperour in presence of all the people kneled downe to kisse the bishops foote At whiche kissyng some affyrme that the bishop vsed these woordes Super aspidem et Basiliscum ambulabis et conculcabis leonem et draconem And the emperour aunsweared Non tibi sed Petro. wherunto the bishop replied et Petro et mihi Neuerthelesse there they concluded suche a peace that the bishop retourned to Rome and enioyed his place Immediately whervpon he called a counsaile in Laterano in the whiche iiii bishops that sens his fyrst election had been created by the emperour were condemned body and soule ¶ In his tyme Thomas Beckette bishop of Caunterburie was slaine And the kynge of Englande as some write sent ambassadours to this Alexandre protestyng the same to be doen vnknowyng to hym But the bishoppe not credityng the ambassadours sent two Cardinalles into Englande to examine the trouth who compelled the kyng to sweare that he was not giltie of Beckettes death and neuerthelesse they enioigned him in penaunce to sende .200 souldiours to serue an whole yere in Hierusalem and within the terme of .iii. yeres to goe against the infidelles hym selfe to mainteine all the libertees of the churche and to permitte mattiers to be appealed to the courte of Rome ¶ Lucie the .iii. would haue depriued the Romaine Consules of theyr dignitee but the people so resisted that he was faine to flee and as many as were taken of his partie had theyr eies put out Wherefore the bishop went to Verona called a counsaile and there died ¶ Celestine the .iii. enuiyng the succession of Tancredi bastarde sonne of Roger brother to the good kyng William of Sicile called into Italie Henrie the .vi. than elected Caesar â–ª And after he had crowned him emperour in Rome toke Constantia a Nonne out of hir cloysâ—er and because of the Normanes royall bloud maried hir to this emperour endowyng him and hir bothe with the titles of the realmes of Naples and Sicile and so transferred the Napolitane astate from the Norman succession to the Germains wherof there folowed great bloudshedyng ¶ Innocence the .iii. because Philip Duke of Sueuia sonne vnto Barbarossa was chosen emperour against his will not onely excommunicated him but also caused Otho the .iiii. to be elected and crowned hym in Rome ¶ This bishop contendyng with the forenamed Philip was wont to saie either shall Philip take from me my myter or I from hym his crowne ¶ Otho had not longe enioyed the crowne but the bishop with his excoÌ„municacions made his princes to forsake hym and he the emperour hym selfe to forsake Italie because he had moued warres against the church and gotten Montefiascone and Radicofano entendyng also to inuade the realme of Naples than belongyng to younge Frederike sonne of Henry the .vi. who by his parentes was committed to the bishops protection ¶ Finally he deposed Otho and named this Frederike emperour Wherof there folowed so sharpe warres that at length whan Frederike had afterwardes receiued the crowne of Honorius the .iii. the Romaine bishops persecuted Frederike and he them ¶ This Innocence beeyng of the familie of Conti in Rome builded a notable fayre toure of bricke there whiche yet is to be seen called La torre d' i Conti. ¶ Honorius the .iii. crowned Frederike the .ii. emperour and after excoÌ„municated him for what cause I can not tell ¶ Gregory the .ix. did likewise excoÌ„municate the emperour because he wolde not at his appoinctment goe into Asia againste the infidelles Afterwardes he assâ—yled him vpon his humble submission at Anagnia for .120 thousand ounces of golde payed by the emperour ¶ Than fell he in contencion with the Romayns for the tribute of the territories about the citie whiche the Romayns alledged that the bishops vsurped vpon theyr coÌ„mon wealth And because Frederike fauoured the Romains cause the bishop did excommunicate him againe wherof folowed cruell warres betwene the emperour and the confederate citees of Lumbardie with the battail besides Corte noua where the Mylanese and Lumbardes were so miserablie slaine and theyr Caroccio taken ¶ Than began also the ciuile sedicion of the two parties in Italie Guelfi and Ghibellini that caused so muche mischiefe ¶ The Romayns after they had ben ones by force subdued of this bishop began to rebell agayn For the pacifiyng wherof the bishop caryed about saincte Peters and Paules heades in procession and so quyeted the people ¶ Finallie beyng hardly handled by the emperour Frederike who had taken diuers legates cardinalles and prelates prisoners in theyr comyng to Rome he died for sorowe ¶ Innocence the iiii before he was elected bishop was verie friende to the emperour Frederike but after he became so mortall enemy vnto him that they ceased not the one to persecute the other as longe as they liued not withstandyng that principally for respecte of his olde amitee with the emperour Innocence was elected bishop And the emperour againste this election set at libertee diuers cardinalles that he had taken prisoners in the warres betwene hym and Gregorie the .ix. ¶ This Innocence was occasion of the great discomfiture that Frederike had before Parma and yet was the auctoritie of the Romains so great in his later dais that he durst not come in Rome ¶ He firste ordeined the Cardinalles to ryde with redde hattes and went to the citee of Naples entendyng to haue conquered the realme where trauaylyng to sette foorthe an armie he died ¶ Urbane the .iiii. seyng the armie prepared of Innocence discomfited by Manfredo than gouernour of the realme of Naples and him selfe vnhable to resist bothe Manfredos power and the Romayns also that newelie had recouered theyr libertee practised with the Frenche kyng that Charles Duke of Angiowe might come to conquere Naples and Sicile but he died er his purpose coulde take effect ¶ Clement the .iiii. folowyng the practise of Vrbane receiued the forenamed Duke Charles that came with .30 galeys from Marsiles to Rome and there created hym Senatour Whiche office he exercised for a tyme. Afterwardes he inuested him kyng of Naples and of Sicile vpon condicion he should holde it of the churche in fee paiyng tribute yerelie .40000 ducketes and by this meane broughte the Frenchemen to warre agaynste Manfredo In whiche warres Charles preuayled and the Germaine bloud ceased not onely by the deathe of Manfredo slayne in the fielde but also by the death of Corradino the ryght heyre who beeyng taken prisoner through this bishops counsayle was beheaded ¶ After longe contencion amongest the Cardinalles and two yeres vacacion of the see Gregory the .x. was elected bishop He incontinently pacified the warres betwene the Uenetians and Genowaies and called a counsayle in Lyons vnto the whiche the emperour of Greece
if he departed not the rather out of Italie Wherfore the emperour fortified hym selfe and his armie in the Theatres and Thermes of Rome resistyng the bishops fauters and specially theim of the house of Orsina but at length for lacke of victualles he was faine to forsake Rome and to retyre into Tuscane where beyng at Arezzo he somoned Robert king of Naples to appeare before hym and for lacke of apparaunce deposed hym of his realme by imperiall sentence whiche was by Clement disanulled ¶ Finally the emperour by meanes of the bishoppes legate was poysoned in receiuyng the sacrament of communion in the towne of Bonconuento After whose death the bishop hym selfe liued not longe ¶ Whan IohnÌ„ the .xxii. had receiued the myter in Lyons he went streigthe to Auignion and there created viii Cardinalles of the whiche two onely were Italians ¶ Shortly after he degraded a frenche bishop and put hym cruelly to death for a conspiracie that he was accused of ¶ In this tyme the electours of Germanie not agreeyng togethers chose two emperours Lewys of Bauarie and Frederike of Austriche eche of theim hauyng iii. voices but the bishop allowyng Frederike did excommunicate Lewys Wherfore Lewys after he had fought and taken Frederike prisoner wente with a power into Italie and receiued in Rome the imperiall crowne at the handes of the Cardinall Colonna bothe by assent of all the clergie there and of the Romaines who than had recouered to theim selfes a maner of libertee to chose theyr owne officers and vsed yerely to take for theyr rulers two presidentes of theyr owne nobilitee namyng theim vicars of the empyre And because the emperour had dyuers waies sought to the bishop for his absolution and could not obteine it therfore immediately after his coronacion he created a new bishop in Rome namyng hym Nicolas the .vii. who toke it vpon hym gaue bishoprikes and graunted dispensacions till after the emperours departure out of Italie he was taken by the Conte Bonifacio of Pisa and sent prisoner to the bishop IohnÌ„ in Auignion where he was laied in a stinkyng prison and miserablie died ¶ This IohnÌ„ condemned theim as haeretikes that wold haue had the churchemen liue poorely as Christes disciples did and burned diuers of the .iii. ordre of saincte Fraunces that than folowed this profession ¶ Finally he died in Auignion leauyng to his friendes muche more treasure than euer any of his predecessours had dooen ¶ Benedict the .xii. confyrmed the excommunicacion against the emperour Lewys of Bauarie not of his owne will as some write but in maner by constreinct of the kynges of Fraunce and Naples And the better to mainteine his quarell he assoyled all the astates of Italie of theyr feaultie to the empyre confyrmyng theim free princes in the same as vicars of the churche So that euer sens the Dukes of Mylaine with the houses of Este of Gonzaga and the common wealthes of Florence Lucca and others esteemed themperours lesse than they did before ¶ Besydes this he made the Senatours of Rome confesse theim selfes subiectes to the churche onely and not to any other power And by his tyme Frauncis Petrarke as a Laureate poete was crowned with Laurell in the Capitoll of Rome by Orso Erle of Anguillara than Senatour there ¶ Finally this bishop died verie riche in Auignion and lefte his gooddes to the churche ¶ Clement the .vi. chaunged the Iubiley that was first ordeined to be but ones euerie hundreth yeres to be kept euerie .50 yere and to holde the astates of Italie in amitee with him he confyrmed eche lorde as vicare of the churche in his owne astate Visconti in Mylaine Malatesta in Rimino Pesâ—ro and Fano Feltrano in Vrbino and a noumbre of other ¶ In his tyme the Romains recouered theyr libertee againe and created theyr officers without the bishops consent so that one Nicolas Renzo a Romaine beyng entred into a wonderfull fauour and credite with the people toke vpon hym the name and aucthoritee of emperour writyng hym selfe Nicolaus Seuerus et Clemens Tribunus libertatis pacis et iustitiae et liberator illustris sacrae reipublicae Romanae At whose beginnyng all Italie was in suche admiracion that euerie prince sent to salute him as emperour thinking he shuld restore the Romaine empyre to his auncient astate But his owne folie destroied hym For he toke part with one of the factions that were than in Rome so that where before he had no man against hym now had he a great noumbre whiche brought hym at last into suche a feare that sodeinly he disguised hym selfe and fledde from Rome to Charles the .iiii. than emperour in Almaine who toke hym as a lewde person and for a present sent hym to bishoppe Clement to Auignion and he cast him in prison sendyng certaine Cardinallê to Rome to settle the astate there whiche by meanes aforesaied had been a certaine space disobedient ¶ In this bishops tyme fell the yere of Iubiley whiche caused great noumbres of people from all countreis to resorte to Rome by reason wherof there fell suche a plague of pestilence as the like hath not been heard of For as some aucthours affyrme it endured continually the space of three yeres throughout all Italie and in most partes of the whole worlde so vehemently that of euery hundred there remaigned not .x. persons aliue and in many countreys not .x. of a thousande Some write that this plague began in the east partes of Asia ¶ Finally this Clement procured the restitucion of the realme of Naples to Queene Iohan the fyrst For the whiche and for his other good practises at hir beyng with hym in Auignion she solde the citee of Auignion with the dominion apperteignyng to the same to the churche and was contented to accept for paiement therof the arrerages of suche tributes as the bishoppe pretended that she and hir predecessours did owe vnto the churche for the realme of Naples wherof they claimed to be lordes in chiefe ¶ Innocence the .vi. was more geuen to religion than diuers of his predecessours For he reformed the courtly pompe that the Cardinals and prelates before tyme vsed and commanded spirituall men to be resident vpon theyr benefices with diuers other good ordres whiche toke litle effecte ¶ The Romaines in his time toke on theim theyr libertee creatyng a Senatour of theyr owne so that the bishop to recouer his astate deliuered Nicolas Renzo out of prison and sent hym to Rome where on the bishops behalfe he preuailed But through parttakyng he was againe constreigned to flee disguised and beyng mette was knowen and slaine ¶ This Innocence trauailed muche to haue appeased our kyng Edwarde the .iii. with the frenche kyng IohnÌ„ in the tyme of the sharpe warres betwene theim trustyng alwaies to haue brought theim to some good ende till he hearde that kyng IohnÌ„ was taken and ledde prisoner into Englande ¶ He caused Charles the .iiii. to be crowned emperour in Rome and woulde haue quieted
the Christian princê and powers and vnited them in an enterprise against the Turkes but his purpose could not take place ¶ Urbane the .v. sent Giles a Spaniarde as his legate into Italie whiche Giles with helpe of the other Italian princes so sore oppressed the house of Visconti that it was lyke to haue been destroied had not the kinges of Englande Fraunce and Cypres by theyr ambassadours procured a peace ¶ This Urbane withal his court went to Rome where after longe serche as they write he founde the heades of saincte Peter and Paule ¶ Finally returnyng into Fraunce he died by the waie of poyson as some thynke ¶ Gregorie the .xi. remoued the seate of his bishoprike from Auignion to Rome after it hadde been holden in Fraunce .70 yeres Some saie he did it because of the cruell warres that were amonge the princê and lordes of Italie whiche was ascribed to the bishoppe of Romes absence for theyr residence there staied the Italian nacion in peace ¶ Some saie he did it vpon a checke geuen hym by a bishop that was his familiare whom he asked why he was not resident vpon his bishoprike as the Canon lawes commaunded Wherunto the bishop answeared And why holy father are not you resident vpon yours But what so euer the occasion was he conueighed hym selfe with all his court from Auignion to Rome where of the Romaines and clergie he was receiued with Iubilate ¶ After whan he had pacified most parte of the Italian princê because the Florentines would neither be entreated nor refourmed by excommunicacion he made warre against theim and duryng the same died of the stone ¶ In his tyme IohnÌ„ Acton with .v. or .vi. thousande englishe horsemen sought the aduenture of the warres in Italie and fyrst serued the citesins of Pisa against the Florenâ—â—nes than the Visconti against the churche in whiche seruice he was taken prisoner but afterwardes the bishop of Rome made him his generall whilest the bishop laie in Fraunce And than did IohnÌ„ Acton gette the townes of Faenza and Bagnacauallo wherof he sold one to the Marques of Este for .20000 crownes and the other he kept to hym selfe But whan the bishop was come to Rome and had not so rewarded hym as he deserued he forsoke the bishop and was made generall of the Florentines Under whom he serued verie honourablie with suche a numbre of our nacion both horsemen and footemen that all Italie feared him and glad was that prince that myght reteigne hym For in all his enterprises he behaued hym selfe so woorthyly that the Florentines after his death buried hym honourablie in theyr cathedrall churche as a singuler defender of theyr common wealth ¶ Urbane the .vi. was elected by .xvii. Cardinalles wherof .xiii. were frenchemen that would faine haue chosen a bishop of theyr owne nacion But for feare of the people that cried a Romaine or an Italian they consented to this election and did honour Urbane the space of .iii. monethes and more ¶ The season than waxyng hote they desyred licence to goe abroade into the realme of Naples where by maintenaunce of Queene Iohan .viii. of the frenche Cardinalles elected a new bishop of their owne nacion namyng hym Clement the .vii. wherof folowed a great Schisme For Germanie Italie and Hungarie held with Urbane and the other realmes with Clement So that Urbane beyng of nature a cruell man to make his partie the stronger called Charles Durace out of Hungarie to conquere Naples from Queene Iohan. ¶ This Clement vpon displeasure depriued Charles gaue the title of the realme of Naples to Lewys Duke of Aâ—giowe who with a puissant armie of frenchemen entred into Italie purposyng not onely to expell Charles but also to take Peters mantel from Urbane but he prospered not For after he had made warre in Puglia about .xii. monethes at last he was slaine in battaile Wherof Urbane waxed so proude that because Charles kyng of Naples wolde not consent to make his nephiew prince of Campania he did excommunicate hym and if his power had been equall to his will had deposed him of his crowne But Charles handled the bishop so streictely that he was faine to flee to Genoa In whiche iourney he sacked .v. of his Cardinalles and threw theim into the sea and caused two other to be baken to poudre cariyng theyr asshes in sackes vpon moyles before hym for a terrour to the rest ¶ After this Charles death he retourned to Rome and did as muche as in him laie to destroie Charles children Wherin he preuailed not but rather procured him selfe a great daunger if he had not preuented his mischiefe with creatyng of .xxix. Cardinalles wherof .xxvi. were Napolitanes And finally by most opinions he was poysoned and died in Rome to the peoples great contentacion that for his crueltee muche abhorred hym ¶ Boniface the .ix. of .xxx. yeres of age succeded him whiche had not ben seen before And because he woulde bridle the Romaines from the libertee that the people had vsed many yeres in chosyng of theyr officers he absented him selfe with his courte from Rome and laie at Ascisa so that whan the yere of Iubiley came the Romains could by no meane get him to Rome till thei had promised to renounce theyr libertees vnto hym whiche sens that time thei could neuer recouer For incontinently as he was entred into the citee he made Castel Sant ' Angelo so strong that it hath ben and shal be a continuall bridle to the people and a great staie against emperours ¶ This bishop ordeyned the Annates that all spirituall promocions shoulde paie to the churche of Rome halfe a yeres value at euery chaunge whiche decre toke place in all realmes sauyng in Englande For the kynge and his barons woulde suffre none other but bishops to be bounde to this Annates ¶ In his tyme the yere before the Iubiley a certaine priest passed the mountaines into Italie clothed in lynnen who drew a worlde of people after hym called the white company persuadyng them that a certaine crucifixe whiche he caried before theim did many tymes weepe All the daie longe they shoulde trauaile on theyr iourney and at nyght lyke beastê lie theim downe wheras the daie light failed theim But the bishoppe fearyng this multitude as they were comyng towardê Rome sent men of warre against theim dispersed the company and brought the priest to Rome where for his abusion he was burned After whose death partely through this fonde assemblie and partely throughe the great resorte of people to Rome for the Iubiley there folowed a wonderfull great pestilence ouer all Italy ¶ About this tyme Crisolora a Constantinopolitane reuiued the Greeke letters in Italie where thei had not been vsed .500 yeres before ¶ And like as this Boniface succeded Urbane in Rome euen so did one Peter Luna succede Clement in Auignion and was called Benedict the .xiii. ¶ Innocence gouerned the Romaines with so muche tirannie that they openly murmured
Roger remained quietely Duke of Puglia and Calabria from the beginnyng of his reigne aboute xxv yeres ¶ Next hym succeded his sonne Guglielmo that thynkyng to marie one of the daughters of Alessio emperour of Constantinople â—oke shippyng to goe thither and commended his astate to the protection of Calixt the seconde than bishop of Rome But while Guglielmo was absent Roger than Erle of Sicilâ— sonne vnto Roger brother of Robert Guiscardo without any regarde of the bishop assaulted Calabria and gotte the better parte ere euer Calixt coulde succour it And albeit the bishop reised suche an armie as the hastie tyme woulde serue and came foorth as farre as Beneuento sendyng a Cardinall before with exhortacions and excommunicacions yet wolde Roger nothyng decline from his purpose but was rather more hotte in his enterprise and fortune so muche fauoured hym that after a noumbre of the bishoppes armie were fallen sicke and many of his deere friendê dead the bishop him selfe sickened so sore that he was caried in a horselitter backe to Rome and all his people desperpled By reason wherof Roger in maner without resistence in short time gatte all Puglia and Calabria into his owne possession and so kepte it that whan Guglielmo retourned deceiued of his pretended mariage findyng him selfe also spoyled of his dominion he was fayne to repayred to his cousen the prince of Saern where not longe after he died leauing none issue ¶ So Roger remaignyng successour by inheritaunce woulde no more be called Duke but entitled hym selfe kynge of Italie whiche Calixt and Honorius next bishop after him dissembled because thei could not chose but Innocence the seconde theyr next successour would not abyde that name and therefore moued of disdeine without measuryng his force sodenlely assembled suche people as he coulde make and went against Roger with so great a furie that ere euer Roger coulde make any preparacion he draue hym from S. Germaines and out of all the abbey laudes where Roger thought to haue defended hym selfe and finally constreigned hym to flee into the castell Galuzzo and there besieged hym till William Duke of Calabria sonne of Roger coming with an army to succour his father discoumfited the bishops power finally toke the bishop him selfe withall his Cardinals prisoners whoÌ„ Roger the father entreated very courtesly and at last licenced them to depart at theyr pleasure In consideracion wherof the bishop graunted Roger all his owne requestes the title of kyng onely excepted and amongest other thinges the citee of Naples whiche till that tyme had alwaies ben the emperours For ioye wherof Roger at his entrie made an hundreth and fiftie knightes But Innocence returnyng to Rome founde a new bishop made in his absence one Peter sonne of Pierleone and was called Anacletus Wherfore Innocence fledde with certaine shippes of Pisa into Fraunce The meane whyle Roger visityng this other bishop Anaclete obteined of him the title of kyng of bothe the Siciles on this syde and beyonde the Faro But within three yeres after Innocence by helpe of the Pisani returned and brought with hym Lothayre Duke of Saxonie whom he crowned emperour After whiche Coronacion they bothe with a puissaunt armie went against Roger and toke from him all that he had gotten in Italie as farre as the Faro di Messina but within fewe yeeres whan Innocent was dead Roger recouered againe all that they toke from hym and did afterwarde many notable feates against Emanuell emperour of Constantinople whose ilandes and townes he toke by force as Corfu Corinthe Tebes and Negroponte and burned the suburbes of Constantinople assaulted the emperours palaice and for a memorie of his beyng there gathered apples in his Orcharde ¶ He also fought with the Sarasines and rescued Lewys the .vii. Frenche kynge out of their handes taken by theim by the waie goyng into the holie lande And so reigning .24 yeres lorde of Sicile he died in the citee of Palermo ¶ Than succeded his sonne William before named who immediately ouerran the churche landes and was therfore excommunicated insomuche that many of his owne barons conspired with Adrian bishop of Rome againste him But finally after muche a doe he humbled him selfe to the bishop of whom he was assoiled and inuested kynge of â—ewe in the dominion of bothe the Siciles And after that made an armie into Barbarie where by force he toke and sacked the citee of Tunyse In his retourne from thense he vanquished the Grekish armie by sea though they were manie moe in numbre than he But because he waxed afterwardê somewhat couetouse and burdeined the people with taxes and subsidies his barons rebelled toke him in his palaice at Palermo and put him in prison Than toke they his eldest sonne Roger and made him ryde through the streetes After whom the people went criyng Life to kynge Roger and death to the tiranne kyng William ¶ But the inconstante people repentyng theim of their errour or fearyng leste Roger woulde reuenge the iniurie done to his father retourned to the palaice with a new rumour and findyng it closed began to assaulte it so that Roger thinkyng to appease them came to a window and as he wolde haue spoken was shotte in to the heade with an arrowe wherof he died ¶ Than was William taken out of prison and restored to his kyngdome wherin after he had reigned in all .21 yeres he died â—euyng his sonne also named William in the astate ¶ This William for his good and peasible gouernance was surnamed The good kynge William For in 26. yeres reigne he neuer had warre with any christian prince excepte that littell that moued onelie of a noble courage he made againste Andronico who beyng lefte tutour to Emanuell the seconde a childe vsurped his empire of Constantinople But the Constantinopolitans theim selfes arose against him and hewed him to peeces creatyng Isaac emperour in his place ¶ Manie worthy feates did this William with his galleis against the infidelles specially in the vâ—age that the two kynges Phillip of France and Richard of Englande made into the holy lande Duryng whose beyng at the siege of Acres the good kynge William died in Palermo without issue of his body ¶ Than the barons fearyng the bishop of Rome should subdue theim whose subiectes thei wolde in no wise be incontinently elected Tancredi bastarde soonne of the last Roger before named to be their kyng But shortlie Celestine the .iii. bishop of Rome founde meane to trouble him on this wise ¶ He crowned Henry the .vi. emperour on condycion that he at his owne charges should conquere the realme of both Siciles to hold it in fee of the churche restoryng certain citees and paiyng a certaine tribute And to make his mattier the better he secretlie toke out of the monastarie of Palermo Constance a nunne doughter of the forenamed Roger and dispensyng withall gaue hir in mariage to this emperour Henrie crownyng them both with the title of the
so euer thei founde them they left not in all Sicile one frencheman on liue nor one woman that was knowen to be with childe of a frencheman Wherof yet vnto this daie the Sicilians euensonge is vsed as a prouerbe in Italie ¶ And than by accorde came the kynge of Aragone and receiued Sicile vnto his dominion the rather because he had a certaine title thervnto as in the right of his wyfe Constance daughter to the late kyng Manfredo Unto whom also the bishop of Rome graunted his consent and in deede inuested hym kyng therof by his ecclesiasticall power ¶ Many thynges happened betwene kyng Charles and kyng Peter amongest other a defiance to feight hand to hand with the place appoincted at Burdeaux before our prince Edwarde than ruler of Gascoygne where bothe kynges kepte theyr daie but nother mette nor fought And ere euer kynge Charles retourned Roger di Loria admyrall to kyng Peter had foughten by sea with Charles prince of Salâ—rn onely sonne of king Charles before Naples and taken hym prisoner with a numbre of the Neapolitane barons and gentilmen that were all sent except Charles with .ix. of the chiefest into Sicile and there for a reuengement of Corradinos death .200 of those nobles and gentilmen were beheaded on a daie ¶ Finally kyng Charles vpon his reiourne made excedyng great preparacion to inuade Sicile but er he could bringe it to passe he died for anger and melancolie after he had reigned .xix. yeres ¶ And for as muche as some holde opinion that this Charles was the fyrst Neapolitane kyng that obteined the title of kynge of Ierusalem it is necessarie to declare by what meane ¶ The ladie Marie doughter of the prince of Antioche resigned into the handes of this kynge Charles all hir tytle to the realme of Ierusalem whervpon be caused him selfe to be crowned kynge of Ierusalem and with helpe of the Uenetians sente Roger Di San Seuerino to be gouernour to receiue feaultee and homage of the christen barons there Thus and not by the interest of Federike the kynges of Naples vsed the title of Ierusalem though I fynde not who was Maries father by name nor yet by what reason that realme shoulde apperteine to hir ¶ Whan kynge Charles was deade his onely soonne and heire Charles prince of Salerne remained prisoner in Sicile vnder the kepyng of quene Constance wife to kyng Peter of Aragone and was by consente of the barons condemned to die as it were for a full reuengement of Corradinos death but the noble hert of Constance woulde not suffre it Excusyng the mattier that before she knew hir housbandes mynde she would not attempt so great a thyng Wherefore she sent hym into Aragone where he continued prisoner till kyng Peter died and than by procurement of prince Edwarde lorde of Gascoygne he was deliuered and restored to his realme of Naples Who was raunsomed at .30000 markes and for perfourmance of couenauntes .iii. of his sonnes and .100 gentilmen laie in hostage ¶ Here is to be noted that within the space of one yere died .iii. kynges and a bishop of Rome that is to weâ—e Phillip kyng of Fraunce Charles kyng of Naples Peter kyng of Aragon and Martine the .4 bishop of Rome ¶ After Peter succeded in the realme of Aragon his eldest sonne Aufus in Sicile his sonne Iames that helde in prison the forenamed Charles the secounde ¶ Finallie Aufus the elder brother beyng dead Iames to haue the kyngdome of Aragon in peace sore vexed at that time by the Frenche kyng fell at composicion with Charles to renounce Sicile vnto hym and so did But Federike yonger brother to Iames assoone as he heard therof gotte a certain power went into Sicile and gatte it to hym selfe by reason wherof betwene Charles and Federike was continuall warre manie yeres till at last Charles to haue Calabria in peace the most parte wherof Federike had gotten by force consented that Federike duryng his life shoulde quetlie enioy Sicile ¶ So Charles bringing all his thinges to a quiet reigned .24 yeres and died leauyng issue by his wife Mary doughter of kyng Stephen of Hungarie ix sonnes and v. doughters The eldeste named Charles Martell afterwardes kynge of Hungarie by the mothers title Lewis the secounde sonne bishop of Tolouse in Spaine Robert the thirde sonne kynge of Naples As for the reste though they were princes Quenes and princesses yet I passe theim ouer and will onely speake of Lewys Duke of Durazzo because Charles Da Durazzo who was next kyng after the firste quene Iohan descended of him ¶ At the death of Charles Robert his .iii. sonne beyng in Auignion was called from thens to the dominion of Naples and confirmed kyng by Clemente the .v. than bishop of Rome howebeit not longe after Caronumberto kynge of Hungarie and sonne of his elder brother Charles pretended title thervnto but after longe debatyng therof the lawiers finallie determined that Robert shoulde continue and Caronumberto shoulde contente hym with the realme of Hungarie And though Robert was muche troubled by the comyng of the emperour Henry the .vii. into Italie yet after the emperour was poisoned by a blacke frier in ministryng hym the sacrament of communion at Bonconuento besides Siena by order as thei saie of the Romish legate king Robert prospered so well in Italie by reason he was taken as heade of the Guelfi that he subdued Genoa and the Florentines with their whole astate submitted them selfes vnto him and accepted his sonne Carlo senza terra to be their lorde Whiche Charles not longe after his establishment in that dominion retourned to Naples and died ¶ Finally Robert hym selfe sickened and died without heyres males And so the inheritance remained in the iii. daughters of his forenamed sonne Charles Unto the eldest named Iohan he by his testament lefte the realme vpon condicion that she shoulde marie with his nephew Andrew younger son of the abouenamed Caronumberto In whose tyme liued Petrarcha and Bocchacio the one for verse and the other for prose famouse in theyr Italian tongue and for theyr vertues muche cherisshed of this kynge Robert ¶ Accordyng to the testament of kyng Robert his nephiew Andrew came out of Hungarie and maried Quene Iohan with whom he reigned scarcely .iii. yeeres but that she caused hym to bee hanged out at hir chambre wyndow because as the same wente he was not cockie enough to satisfie hir appetite ¶ Than maried she Lewys prince of Taranto an excellent beautifull man But Lewys kyng of Hungarie elder brother to Andrew to reuenge his brothers deathe came with a puissaunt armie into the realme insomuch that the Queene and hir husband bothe fledde to Auignion in Prouance leauyng Charles da Durazzo sonne of Lewys da Durazzo beforenamed theyr lieuetenant to defende but the Hungarien so muche prospered that in short space he gatte the whole realme and toke this Charles da
Alexander the inuestiture of the realme of Naples and prouision was made for recouerey of Rome and thother landes of the churche whiche within shorte time was broughte to passe ¶ Finally Lewys conducted an army out of France and augmentyng it with the Florentine and bishop of Romes powers entred the realme where in plaine battaile he so discomfited Ladislaus that if Lewys had knowen howe to vse his victorie he mighte haue had Ladislaus in his handes and also the whole realme as Ladislaus talkyng of this battaile was wonte to saie the firste daie saied Ladislaus if thei had folowed it thei might haue been lordes bothe of my realme and person the seconde daie of the realme but not of my person and the thyrde daie nother of my realme nor person For the leysure that Ladislaus had after this discomfiture serued hym so to fortifie the passages that Lewys notwithstandyng his victorie was faine to retyre to Rome and so backe into Fraunce By reason wherof Ladislaus remainyng quiete in his astate disposed him selfe of new to recouer Rome and partly by intelligence partly by force did so puttyng to sacke onely the Florentines gooddes that he founde there And at last sickened in Perugia some saie of a feuer some saie of poyson so that he died whan he had reigned .29 yeres And leâ—uyng none issue of his owne body the realme descended to his sister Iohan Da Durazzo ¶ Thue Iohan late Duchesse of Sterlich atteined the realme without impediment by reason of .xvi. thousand horsemen that serued hir brother at his deathe with good capitains as Sforza da Corigniola gli Aâ—â—endoli lacopuccio and diuers others But becaâ—se she was somewhat noted for keepyng companie with a goodly yonge man named Pandolfello whom she made hir chaÌ„berlaine hir barons persuaded hir to marie so that she toke to husbande Iames of Nerbona in Proâ—ance than Erle de La Marca in Italie vppon condicion that he shuld in no wyse take on hym the title of kyng But he was not longe maried till by comfort of the barons he toke the kyngly name vpon hym and caused Pandolfello to lose his head vsyng Sforza vâ—raie hardly and all thoroughe the instigacion of Iulio Caesar da Capuaâ— who therfore by the quenes policie lost his heade ¶ And thoughe the Erle Iames suspectyng his wyfes courage woulde not suffre hir to goe out of the Castell where thei laie yet at last with lowly behauiour growyng out of suspicion with hir housbande she had libertee to goe so often abroade into the towne of Naples that finally she made a conspyracie against him and gat hym into prison reignyng afterwardes hir selfe alone Than toke the Iohn Caracciolo to be hir hygh steward whom she loued more than enough so that by hym all thynges were gouerned And vpon contencion betwene hym and Sforza who was in maner as a generall amongest the men of warre the Queene defied Sforza Muche a dooe there was but at length Sforza was reconsiled and the stewarde banished And partly thorough the bishoppe of Romes intercession the Erle Iames was deliuered out of prison restored to the Quenes fauour But for all that not long after the Erle Iames beganne to worke against Sforza who perceiuing it founde the meane to bringe the steward home againe and therby not onely purchased the Quenes fauour but also brought the mattier so to passe that the Erle Iames fledde into Fraunce became an heremite and there died After whose departure by commission of the bishop of Rome Queene Iohan was crowned in Naples but er the yere was ended the Queene loste the bishops fauour and banished Sforza who by the bishops procurement became capitaine vnder Lewis the .iii. Duke of Angio than newly entitled kynge of Naples and reysyng an armie camped before Naples abydyng the comyng of Duke Lewys who with an other armie arriued there ¶ This meane whyle Queene Iohan seeyng the power of hir enemy Duke Lewis to be to stronge for hir alone practised with kyng Alfonse of Aragone to accepte hym as hir sonne to enherite the realme after hir and therof made sufficient writing with deliuerey of two strong Castelles in Naples Castell Nouo and Castell di Louo that in king Alfonse name were receiued as a pledge of possession Whervpon kyng Alfonse in person with a great armie by sea came to Naples and thâ—re fought with the Duke Lewys and his Capitaine Sforza And though fortune for a tyme was fauourable to Duke Lewys yet at length through practise and lacke of money Sforza became the Queenes man so that Lewys was fayne to leaue the enterprise and drawe to Rome by reason wherof the Queene with Alfonse remained in peace till discorde fell betweene theim The fyrst occasion was because the proclamacions were made in the Quenes name without any mencion of Alfonse which moued the barons of Aragone to conceiue a great dishonour that a kyng of suche reputacion shoulde lie there in that astate So muche grew this mattier that at last kyng Alfonse toke the Quenes best beloued steward prisoner and besieged the Queene How be it Sforza hauyng receiued hir letters came streight to Naples fought with Alfonse power had the better hand entred into Naples and conueighed the Queene awaie with hym Wherfore kyng Alfonse augmented his power and after harde feight with Sforza recouered Naples streignyng the realme so muche that by counsaile of Sforza the Queene finally agreed with Duke Lewys and adopted hym for hir soonne and heyre by whose meanes Naples was recouered againe to the Queenes vse And so .x. yeres after the Quene and Duke Lewys reigned in peace and than died bothe The queene by hir testament lefte the realme to Raynolde Duke of Lorraine brother to the foresaied Lewys Thus ended the successioÌ„ of Charles of Angio first king of that hous ¶ Whether the Queenes testamente were feygned or true it was vncerteine For incontinently vppon hir death the citee of Naples ordeined amonge theim a common wealth and made no mencion of any testament vntill they saw plainely that the bishop of Rome went about to bringe theim vnder hym Than they not onely publisshed Raynolde to be theyr kynge but also sent for him to come and receiue the possession of the realme ¶ This meane while in the warres betwene Englande and Fraunce Raynolde hapned to be taken prisoner so that he coulde not come to Naples Than kynge Alfonse came into the realme through intelligence that he had with many of the nobles and besiegeyng the towne of Gaâ—erra than defended by certaine Genowaies sent thither by Duke Filippo Maria of Myllaine at last fought with the Genowaies army by sea in whiche conflicte were slaine of the kynges part about .5000 and the kynge hym selfe with his .ii. brethren the maister of sainct Iames in Galice dyuers of the greatest princes and barons of Spaine and of knyghtes to the numbre of .200 taken prisoners and all brought to the
whan thei perceiued an outwarde ennemie than were they inwardly soone agreed and assoone as they were sure of peace abroade incontinently thei warred againe within them selfes Neuerthelesse thei vsed the emperour so well with giftes and fayre woordes that he not onely suffred theim to continue in theyr libertee but also encreased theyr common wealth with a noumbre of priuileges and was occasion that after long contencion with them of Pisa the Genowaies at length enioied quietely the one halfe of Sardegnia whiche before the Pisani had wholly to theim selfes ¶ About this tyme the Souldan of Aegypt gotte Ierusalem and dyuers other citees in Soria out of the Christians handes Wherfore kynge Richarde of Englande and kynge Phillip of Fraunce made their viage into those parties and kynge Richarde arriued at Genoa with .xv. galleys where he taried but one daie After whom the Genowaies sente .80 saile with men and municion to the assiege of Acon or Ptholemaida To the succours of whiche citie the Souldan sent a ship charged with vittaillê and armure and amongest other a cage full of fleeyng serpentes purposely sent to be seâ— foorth in the Christian army that with theyr venim thei might plage it But it was mette by the englishe nauie and taken And the emperour Federike comyng towardes the same enterprise beyng alreadie entred into Soria by mishappe was drowned in a riuer ¶ After whose death his sonne Henrie nexte emperour came to Genoa in his owne person requiring their helpe to the conquest of Sicilia promisyng theim the profite so that he myght haue the honour Whiche so muche enflambed the hertes of the people that they made out a great number of galleis and other vesselles and dyd so muche seruice that the emperour in maner by their power gatte the whole ile of Sicilia whiche he vnthankefully considered For whan they had done theyr best for hym he rewarded theim with all the spite he coulde threatnyng to oppresse their libertee and to make theim his subiectes insomuche that the Pisani through coumforte thereof molested the Genowaies of newe and fortifiyng Poggio di Bonifacio fell to spoilyng and riâ—lyng of the Genowaies goodes by sea But at length the losse tourned to theim selfes For the Genowaies armed theim and takyng Bonifacio by force not onely sacked and munited it for theim selfes but also toke a number of Pisane shippes as thei coulde finde theim Wherupon it folowed that the Pisani made out their power and so fought diuers times with the Genowaies with diuers fortune ¶ The inhabitauntes of Vintimiglia breakyng the articles of accorde betweene the Genowaies and theim were faine to come barefoote with crosses in theyr handes to Genoa and aske pardon for feare of the preparacion that the citee made against theim And the yeere folowyng the Genowaies purchased the dominion of Gaui of the enheritours therof and the inhabitauntes of the vale of Arocia submitted their countrey to the Genowaies dominion ¶ And because the Pisani prepared to assayle certaine Genowaie ships comyng out of Soria laded with riche merchandise the citee armed certain galleis and shippes to conducte theim safely whiche metyng togethers in the mouthe of the Adriatike sea determined to attempt to wynne the citee of Saragosa in Sicile lately gotten by the Pisani In the enterprise wherof they take certaine Pisane shippes and without great feight wonne the citee leauyng it fortified and gouerned for the common welth of Genoa Than the Pisani made out a newe armie and besieged it and of lykelyhod shoulde haue put it to great afterdele if Henry erle of Malea in Greece with certayne galleys of his owne and other shippes of the Genowaies that came from be easte had not comen to the succours who fought with the Pisane armie and with helpe of theim that were within the towne obteined the victory to the great slaughter and losse of theim of Pisa. ¶ And because the erle Henrie of Malea had done the Genowaies great seruice diuers waies therfore they aided hym to their great charge with galleis shippes men and horses to defende Candia whiche he had vsurped vpon the Uenetians so that the Uenetians beyng therwith agreued immediatelie publyshed the Genowaies to be their ennemies wherupon folowed sharpe warres betwene theim many yeres after ¶ Here is to be vnderstand that froÌ„ the yere .1080 vnto the yere .1190 the citee was gouerned freely by the citesins vnder the name of Consulles without entermedling of straunge rulers and so in maner to this tyme though for the space of .26 yeres some straungers had ben now and than brought in as Potestates the consules neuerthelesse remainyng after the olde maner but from this tyme forewarde the Consulles ceased and straunge Potestates bare the rule a great tyme after ¶ The generall armie of the Christians liyng at the siege of Damiata in Aegypte was relieued with .10 galleis sente by the Genowaies through whose helpe the citee was gotten with wonderfull richesse and an infinite number of slaues besides the multitude of infidelles that were slaine howbeit the christians kepte not the citee longe for the yere folowyng the Sarasines recouered it againe ¶ Thei of Vintimiglia reâ—elled against the Genowaies so that after many light bickeringê at last an army was sente out against them whiche laie longe at siege before the towne and could not preuaile so that the Potestate to be assured of that enterprise edified an other towne betwene theim and the sea and with a garryson helde theim so streight that at last thei yelded wherupon the towne beyng recouered the Genowaies builded there two fortresses for the more suretee of the same ¶ In lyke maner thei of Sauona and of Albenga rebelled and were to their despite reduced to theyr former obedience But the warre that happened betwene Alexandria in Lumbardy and Genoa for the dominion of Capriata and other townes in the confynes betwene them was not so sone appeased though in effect the Genowaies at length preuailed ¶ Gregorie the .ix. bishop of Rome trauailyng to sende an armie into the holy lande agreed the Uenetians and Genowaies togethers for .ix. yeres and bounde theim to kepe peace on payne of cursyng But lyke as his enterprise came to naughte so his curse coulde not kepe those two astates from renewyng of their malyce as by their ofte fightyng with variable fortune appered after And beyng than in contencion with the emperour Federike and calling a counsail in Rome against themperour he sente to the Genowaies praiyng theim to conueyghe in saufetee the legates and prelates that came out of the west partes towardes that counsaill Wherfore they armed .27 galleis and receiuyng two Cardinalles and other prelates to the numbre of .40 at Niza in Prouance broughte theim solemnely to Genoa and goyng from thense with theim towardes Rome mette with Ansaldo admirall of the emperours nauie who foughte with them and toke .22 of those galleis withall those goodly prelates and diuers of the chiefe
with .7400 prisoners to Genoa and neuerthelesse shortly after made peace with the Uenetians and graunted truce to theim of Pisa for 27. yeres For the whiche the Pisani yelded to the Genowaies the ile of Corsica and the citee of Saffari in Sardegnia with .135000 poundes in money ¶ The emperour Adronico Paleologo of Constantinople for the great amitee betweene hym and the Genowaies gaue theim the grounde wheron Pera standeth a myle distant from Constantinople where all the Christians now dwell fyrst builded by the Genowaies ¶ Within two yeres after beganne the discorde that caused so muche mischiefe betwene the houses of Spinela and Doria whiche before tyme had been stedfast friendes together and endured the space of .xv. yeres with muche bloudshedyng till the comyng of the emperour Henrie the .vi. to Genoa who agreed bothe parties and so behaued hym that the citesins bounde theim selfes by feaultee vnto his obedience for terme of .xx. yeres whiche was the fyrst tyme that the citee submitted hir selfe to the dominion of any straunger Notwithstandyng whan the emperour was departed those two parties Spinola and Doria fought openly in the citee so that at length the Spinoli beyng the weaker were driuen out with well nere all their partetakers and yet the warre continued betwene them the space of .24 yeres aswell within as without the citee to the great domage and almost destruction of the common wealth For many tymes the banished men by meane of friendes were reconciled againe and whan thei were ones returned than did they worse than euer they did before ¶ This discension was not onely betwene those two families of Spinola and Doria but also betwene the sectes of Guelfes and Ghibellines into whiche parties the whole citee was lykewyse diuided so that the Ghibellines whiche than were banisshed by helpe of the Visconti of Myllaine and of other Ghibellines made a great armie and vnder the leadyng of Marke sonne to Mathewe Visconti came before Genoa toke the suburbes and streigned the citee so sore that if it had not been succoured by kyng Robert of Naples who in his owne person with .25 galleis entred the hauen the Ghibellines had been lyke to haue taken it Wherfore they of the citee to make theim selfes stronge yelded the dominion into the handes of the bishop of Rome and of the foresaied kynge of Naples for the space of .x. yeres in whiche tyme were so many ciuile battailes stricken so muche bloudshedde so many townes and houses destroyed and burned so many galleis and shippes broken drowned and lost and so great summes of money spent that it seemeth a wonder how so little a countrey shuld bringe foorth so great furniture and all to mischiefe ¶ Finally kynge Robert to whom the rule of the citee was prolonged for .vi. yeres called the ambassadours aswell of the Ghibellines as of the Guelfes to Naples and there made theim to conclude a peace so that the Ghibellines were reconciled home where thei liued not longe in quiete as hereafter shall appeare ¶ In the time of this warre one notable policie was vsed by sea The yere before conclusion of this peace Federike Marabotto capitaine of .ix. galleis of the Guelfes wherof .ii. were drowned in Sardegnia was chased by Aitono Doria capitaine of .xiiii. of the Ghibelline galleis and came so neere with the nyght that they were within a flight shotte together so that Federike coulde by no meane escape Wherfore in the darke of the nyght he set foorth a little emptie vessell with a burnyng lanterne in it and caused all the lyghtes of his galleys to be put out This dooen he lette the little vessell lose whiche the wawes of the sea by little and little draue towardes the lande so that Aitono thynkyng it to be the galleis that he had in chace folowed and by that meane was so farre from Federike er it was daie that Federike easily escaped the daunger ¶ Than beganne the Catalaines to make warre to the Genowaies vpon a veraie light occasion whiche continued a great while with many notable battailes by sea more to the losse of the Catalaines than of the Genowaies though the better of bothe had no cause to triumphe But those forein warres were nothing so hurtfull to the citee as theyr owne ciuile sedicion whiche shortly after renued betwene the Guelfes and Ghibellines so that within the citee they fought a certaine space with variable fortune till at length the Ghibellines preuailed and chased awaie the Guelfes and so an other while toke the rule vpon theim Wherfore the Guelfes fortified theim selfes at Monaco and made out dyuers armies by sea whiche were dyuers tymes mette withall by the contrary parte thoughe in effecte there happened no notable battaile betwene theim ¶ Not longe after the Frenche kynge warryng with Englande hyred .40 galleis of the Genowaies wherof .xx. were of the Ghibellines in Genoa and .xx. of the Guelfes in Monaco whiche whan they had serued hym a yere retourned not well contented with their paiement so that the mariners and other meane souldiours toke the rule of the galleis from theyr capitaines and were growen to suche a courage that whan they landed they moued the commons to rebell against the rule of the common wealth and subuertyng the citee of Sauona with most part of the countrey theraboutes the commons of Genoa toke courage therupon to arme them selfes and to renne to the palaice criyng that thei wold haue an Abbotte made of the people and would no more be ruled by the capitaines Wherfore the nobles seeyng theyr power inferiour to the peoples furie assembled together and fell to counsaile for chosyng of this new Abbotte in whiche counsaile they taried so longe within that the people without were werie and vp start a poore wyredrawer or a goldsmith to geue him the better name and asked the people whether they would be ruled by hym Whervnto many answeared yea well quod he and than shall Simonine Bocanegra be our lorde and ruler Be it quod one and be it quod an other so that the people with an whole voyce cried Abbotte Bocanegra But he who was a good man did what he coulde to refuse it and they seyng that amended the mattier with criyng not Abbotte but Duke so that in conclusion whether he woulde or no the absolute power was put in his hande and he called Duke beyng the fyrst that euer had that title in Genoa Than was a law made that none should be called to any rule or office of the common wealthe vnlesse he were a Ghibelline ¶ The Turke at this tyme waxed great and had certaine galleis goyng vpon the sea called Mare Maggiore otherwise Pontus Euxinus which had robbed certaine merchaunt shippes of the Genowaies wherfore they armed theim selfes in Caffa and meetyng fought with the Turkê army and recouered not onely their owne goodê but also toke .x. Turkish galleis and a shippe with great bootie
great feastes and honor sent home with .x. galleis of the common wealthes fyrste binding him selfe to certaine articles aswell for the paiment of a yerely tribute as also for the citee of Famagosta whiche remained in the Genowaies possession ¶ About this tyme were so many commocions in the citee for chosing of theyr Dukes that I thinke there was neuer so muche alteracion of rulers in one coÌ„mon welth for the tyme. And because the rehersall therof wolde occupie a greatter roume than my purpose dooeth here allow it shall suffise to saie that as longe as the rule of the common wealth consisted in the wil of the multitude neuer was so inconstant an astate as that of Genoa For amongest other in the chaunge betwene Domenyke di Campo Fregoso and Nicolas Guarco were .iii. Dukes in a daie Fregoso deposed in the mornyng and Adorno incontinently made and at after noone Adorno deposed and Guarco made Wherfore as superfluouse to treate of all the Dukes elections I woulle hensfoorth speake no more of theyr chaunges without great cause ¶ The Moores of Barbarie in this tyme scoured all the middle seas robbyng and spoilyng all that euer thei coulde take Wherfore the Genowaies with dyuers others made suite vnto the Frenche kynge for an enterprise to be made against the kynge of Tunise Whiche the Frenche kyng graunted and sent the Duke of Bourbonâ— as generall not onely with a greatte power of FraÌ„ce but also with aide that was sent him out of Englande in whose company the Genowaies sent .40 galleis and .xx. shippes of theirs vnder the leadyng of Iohn Centurione And theyr Chronicle maketh mencion how our Englishe archers behaued them selfes at theyr landyng in Barbarie so wel that the Moores gaue theim plaâ—e wheras without theim the armie shoulde haue had muche adooe to lande The ende of whiche iourney was that the kynge of Tunise released all Christian slaues wherof there wer a noumbre in his realme and paied the Christians .10000 duckates with promyse to trouble the seas no more ¶ From the yere .1390 till .1396 was so muche adooe for makyng and deposyng of Dukes that Antoniotto Adorno had been .iiii. tymes Duke besides .viii. or ix others that had been put in and out the meane tyme with so muche bloudshed burnyng and spoilyng that at length for veraie desperacion the citee sent ambassadours to Charles the .vi. Frenche kyng besechyng hym to take the dominion therof into his handes Who at theyr request sent the Counte of sainct Paule and the bishop of Meaux to be rulers there and to receiue the fortresses into his possession whiche immediately were deliuered to them feaultie sworne by all the subiectes ¶ The Frenche Gouernour had not been there fully a yere but the sectes of Guelfes and Ghibellines renued so sore that after muche burnyng spoilyng and kyllyng in the countrey theraboutes the Ghibellines entred into the citee and from the .xvi. of Iulie to the .v. of September fought daie by daie with the Guelfes and fortifiyng the one halfe of the citee against the other they neuer ceased till bothe parties were tyred with the fury of theyr owne bloudde and flambe For amongest their feightyng it was a common matter to set one an others house on fyre so that the losse that the common wealth susteigned in this rage was esteemed muche more than a myllion of golde ¶ The bishoppe of Meaulx than gouernour of the citee for feare of his owne life fledde in the middest of this furie So that whan it was past the Frenche kynge sent thither in his steede one Collarde a counsailour of his who by the Genowaies was honourably receiued He gouerned not muche more than a yere but by meane of a new secte called La Scorzola he was faine to habandone the citee leauyng theim together by the eares after theyr old maner feightyng and burnyng amongest theim selfes daie by daie whiche ceased not till the comyng of Bouciquart marshall of Fraunce who beyng the kynges lieuetenant entred into Genoa with a thousand souldiours and incontinently proceded against the steerrers of the common wealthe causyng two of the chiefe of the citee Battista Boccanegra and Battista de Frauchi to be taken brought to the palaice and beheaded Boccanegra vpon whose death the people beganne suche a crie that they whiche had the other in kepyng lette hym go so that whan the rumour was past Bouciquart in a great rage caused the chiefe officer of the wardes head to be stricken of because through his mens negligence happened the escape ¶ Than did Bouciquart also fortifie the little castell now called Castelletto and put a garrison into it and whan he had taken aswell from the men of the countrei as of the towne all kynde of armure theyr swordes excepted than spared he none of theim But for euerie occasion of any importaunce woulde behead the offendour without any respect to his qualitee or kinne And his procedynges were suche that the Frenche kyng confyrmed hym in that office for terme of life to the great contentacion of the citesins who in his rigorous iustice founde greater ease than in the softe procedynges of the other gouernours whose gentilnesse gaue libertee to the presumptuouse multitude to doe what thei wolde whiche was theyr owne destruction ¶ Than Iano kynge of Cyprus who had been borne bredde vp well intreated in Genoa laied siege to the citee of Famagosta intendyng to gette it from the Genowaies but an armie of .18 saâ—â—e was incontinently made thither vnder the leading of Bouciquart who not onely raysed the siege but also constreigned the kynge to paie their charges and atchieued diuers other enterprises on the costes of Soria neuerthelesse in his retourne the Uenetians mette with hym and puttyng him to flight toke .iii. of his galeis and yet was the mattier so handled that the warre betweene the Uenetians and Genowaies ceassed for this time In dede Bouciquart in his owne quarell defied the Duke of Uenice and Carlo Zeno capitaine of the Uenetian galleis to feight either hande to hande or number for number but he was not aunswered ¶ This Bouciquart for the space of .viii. yeres ruled the common wealth of Genoa by whiche tyme the citee of Serezana with the countee about came to the obedience of the Genowaies Because they were of them selfes no more able to resiste the Florentines and Bouciquart solde to the common wealthe the Porte of Ligorno besides Pisa for .26000 duckates ¶ By his tyme also Benedict the .xii. Scismatike bishop of Rome came to Genoa and was there triumphantly receiued And the office of S. George was than deuised whiche endureth to this day ¶ The Siotes also rebelled in so muche that Bouciquart with .vi. galleis went thither and reduced them to their former obedience ¶ Finally couetyng to haue the rule of the astate of Millaine he made an armie of .6000 footemen and .5000 horsmen and not mistrustyng any alteracion in
confyrmed in the same as vicare of the empire ¶ Within two yeres after Ramondo Torrigiani bishop of Como and Patriarke of Aquileia retourned with a great armie to dryue Ottone out and did muche hurte in the Milanese territory But at laste he receiued a sore discomfiture by Ottone through helpe of the families of Duarosi and Palauisini whiche houses together with those of Lampugnani descended of the Goti and those of Pietrasanta comen out of Tuscane those of Porri of Caimi of Bossi of Marliani and of Triulsi were all at that time most noble and puissaunte in Millaine ¶ After the death of Ottone his brother Iacopo hauyng a sonne named Tibaldo and Tibaldo a sonne named Matteo who for his lusty courage and deedes was surnamed Magno the reputacion and state of the Visconti beganne to grow more and more For this Matteo gatte Alexandria Pauia Tortona and manie other townes ¶ Finally this Matteo puttyng Pietro Visconti in pryson whom after he deliuered beyng aduertised howe the same Pietro conspyred with the chiefe of the Torrigiani to driue him out of his astate and mistrustyng his owne power to defend the same committed the whole to Alberto Scoto lorde of Piacenza and fledde hym selfe into the marishes of the lake of Garda where he lyued longe time of his onely labour of fishyng He had .iiii. soonnes by his wife Bona Cosa the fyrste named Galeazo so called because in the nighte of his birthe the cockes crowed more than thei were wonte the secounde Giouanni the .iii. Stefano and the .iiii. Lucchino ¶ This Galeazo succeded his father and goyng afterwardes with Henrie the emperour to Rome was there made capitaine of the light horsemen and about that tyme begatte two sonnes the one called Azone and the other Marco His courage was so great that whan the emperour Lodouico di Bauiera requyred a certaine summe of money of the Mylanese Galeazo withstode it Upon displeasure wherof Lodouico toke hym prisoner and banished his sonnes Azone and Marco But at length at the instaunce of Castruccio Lucchese Galeazo was deliuered And finally beyng in company of the same Castruccio at the siege of Pistoia sickened and died in the towne of Pestia ¶ After whose death Azone and Marco for a certaine summe of money paied before hand obteined of the emperour Lodouico the restitucion of the state of Myllaine And so Azone as elder brother hauyng the dominion Marco in his name gatte the citee of Lucca and his vncle Lucchino the citees of Bergamo Bressa and Pauia wherby Azone became great and so high of stomacke that remembryng the iniuries doen to hym by the emperour Lodouico whan he wold haue passed through Myllaine as lorde of all Italy he closed the gates against hym refusyng to accepte him for his better Therfore not without good cause was he bothe feared and esteemed specially for his approued valiautnesse for beyng sent of his father to helpe Castruccio he fought with the Florentines neere to Fucecchio discomfited and pursued theim euin to the gates of Florence and laiyng siege to the citee remaigned there idell certaine daies for no man durst issue out to meddle with hym Whiche was the fyrst enterprise of the Visconti against the Florentines ¶ After whiche Azone through helpe of Castruccio became lorde of the Alco Pascio and of Bologna and as some saie beyng in campe on a daie after he had broken his fast puttyng his sallette on his head whiche before had lien on the earth there issued out an adder that glyded downe alongest his face without dooyng hym any hurte wherof it folowed that the Visconti vsed the adder in theyr armes And thoughe it so maie well be true yet this seconde opinion of the adder dooeth not so muche satisfie me as the fyrst ¶ Finally Azone diyng without issue his vncles Lucchino and Giouanni rested in his place and were confirmed in the astate by Benedetto the .xi. bishop of Rome as vicares of the churche with condicion that after the death of the emperour Lodouico di Bauiera the state of Myllaine shoulde be holden of the dominion of the churche ¶ Lucchino as elder brother toke vpon hym to gouerne and proued a veray rightuous and mercifull man He granted reconcilement vnto many of the citesins before tyme confyned by Azone and builded many deuoute places in Myllaine He gatte many townes part by force and part with loue and in maner renued the walles of Bergamo at his owne coste He reformed many thynges in Bressa and so finally died ¶ After him his brother Giouanni succeded who incontinently called home Matteo Bernabo and Galeazo sonnes of his brother Stefano before time banisshed by Lucchino ¶ And all be it that this Giouanni was an archebishop yet beyng more geuen to armes than to the churche thorough the valiantnesse of Galeazo he gatte Parma Lodi Cremona Bergamo Genoua Sauona and many other townes and finally died leauyng his astate diuided betwene Bernabo and Galeazo ¶ This Bernabo helde warre longe tyme with the bishoppe of Rome for the citee of Bologna that together with Genoua had rebelled against hym and finally toke for Bologna a great summe of money and forbare Genoa because it had been before redeemed at his handes for the summe of .600000 duckates But some saie he was enforced to lette it alone by reason that in one selfe tyme he was troubled of the Romish legate of Philippino di Gonzaga and of Cane della Scala for the thynges of Bressa where he had been ones discoumfited ¶ He had to wyfe one of the daughters of Mastino della Scala a woman that for hir vnreasonable pride was surnamed La Reina the Queene And had by hir .14 children wherof .iiii. were sonnes To Lodouico the eldest he gaue the citee of Cremona To Carlo Parma To Ridolfo Bergamo and to Mastino Lodi ¶ The rest beyng daughters he maried on this wyse La Verde vnto Leâ—poldo Duke of Austria graundfather to the emperour Federico the thyrde La Taddea to the Duke of Bauiera La Valentina to Peter kyng of Cyprus La Catherina to Giangaleazo Visconti his nephew L' Antonia to Federico kynge of Sicilia La Maddalena to the Duke of Bauiera againe L' Agnesa to Francesco Gonzaga La Lisabetta to Ernesco Duke of Monaco in Bauiera L' Angiolella to Federico the younger And La Lucia to Lodouico Duke of Angiers eldest sonne to the Frenche kynge And after to Baldasar Marques of Misna and finally to Edmonde Erle of Kent sonne to the kynge of Englande And with the mariage of euerie of these daughters he paied all .100000 duckatê ¶ Besides these he had .iiii. bastarde daughters Bernarda Ricciarda Lisaberta and Margherita And fiue bastarde sonnes Ambrosio Nestore Lancilotto Galeotto and Sagramoro ¶ On the other syde Galeazo begatte on his wyfe Bianca daughter of Amone Duke of Sauoie a sonne named Giangaleazo and a daughter named La Violante whiche afterwardes was maried to Lionell Duke of Clarence and sonne to the
kynge of Englande At the sumptuouse feaste of whose mariage Petrarcha hapned to be present How be it some haue written that she was maried to the Frenche kynges sonne with the dower of an .100000 crownes But how so euer it were hir husbande lyued not passyng fiue monethes after the mariage and shortly thervpon the father Galeazo also died ¶ After whose death his sonne Giangaleazo growen to sufficient yeres diuided the state with his vncle Bernabo on this maner He kept to hym selfe Pauia Tortona Alexandria Nouara and the other townes neere vnto the Alpes with the one halfe of Myllaine and gaue vnto Bernabo Parma Pâ—accuza Cremona Lodi Crema Bergamâ— Como and the other halfe of Myllaine with this aduauntage that for as muche as Bernabo was the more aunciente he should dwell in Myllaine and Giangaleazo in Pauia Thus beyng agreed after a certaine tyme Giangaleazo was aduertised by his wife howe Bernabo hir father and his vncle had diuers tymes sought his death to ridde hym out of the state so that Giangaleazo incontinentely determined to preuente hym and goyng vnto Millaine vnder pretence of pastyme or of some other busynesse Bernabo to honour hym the more issued out against him and so was taken died in prison and parte of his sonnes slayne parte banished Whiche acte onely excepted though it was not yet all against reason this Giangaleazo in all his doynges was accompted so worthy noble and valiaunt a prince that of the people he was called II Conte di Virtu that is to say The Eâ—le of vertue For he was not onely beautifull of personage but also lerned eloquent wise hardy and lyberall And was the fyrst that euer was inuested Duke of Millaine paiyng therfore to the emperour Vinceslao an .10000 duckates After the obteinyng of this honour he encreased his astate by the gettyng of Verona Vicenza Padoa and Bologna ¶ He discomfited the armies of the leage made betwene the Florentines and Bologniese with other their confederates at Casalecchio and broughte the Florentines at length to that takyng that had he not died the rather they muste nedes haue yelded to benne his subiectes ¶ He ouercame Antonio della Scala and buylded the fayre palayce in Pauia with that goodly librarie that yet is seen there walled the parke about beyng of a great circuite and edified the Charterhouse that to this houre amongest the beautifull buildynges of the worlde may be rekened one of the rarest ¶ He brought Italy into suche feare that the Pisani the Senesi the Perugini the Ascesiani and the Lucchesi willyngly became his men so that he founde him selfe lorde ouer .29 citees and thought to haue ben kynge of Italy if death had not so soone taken him ¶ He had two wifes the one called Lisabetta doughter to the kynge of Boeme by whom he had a doughter named La Valentina maried afterwardes to the Duke of Orliens with the dower of the Erledome of Aste that hath ben cause of no small trouble in Italie and the other wife named Caterina de Visconti by whom he had two sonnes Giouanni and Philippo Maria. ¶ He had one bastarde called Gabriello who afterwardes solde Pisa to the Florentines ¶ Finally this notable prince at Marignano died and accordyng to his owne order was from thense caried to the saied Charterhouse besides Pauia and there buried ¶ Than succeded in the astate Giaâ—maâ—â—a the eldest sonne whose dealynges were so greuouse to the Milanese without any their deseruyng that hearyng masse on a daie in the churche through the fury of the people and of his owne men together he was slayne firste causyng his mother to die in prison for ofte warnyng him of that that happened in dede ¶ He was wonte to say many times in excusyng of his errours that in a great house it was necessary there shoulde growe men of diuers sortes and that he therfore vsed the contrary of his fathers doinges so that through his crueltee and his death together many citees rebelled in suche wiâ—e that the Milanese were constreigned to call the sonnes of Bernabo to the Douchy who enioied the same vntill that Philippo maria recouered the dominion and driuing them out mette with one of them called Nestore in a skirmish and slew him ¶ This Philippo was first lorde of Pauia and had maried Beatrice the doughter or as other say sometime wife of Fazino Cane della Scala for none intente but because she was enheritour of many fayre lordeshippes beyonde the Pò and had also verie muche money By meane wherof sleayng Crabrino lorde of Verona he gatte that citee to him selfe ¶ He was constreigned to yelde Bologna Furli and Imola to the bishop of Rome Neuerthelesse he gatte Genoa though afterwardes he loste it againe ¶ He lykewyse toke Bressa whyche beyng recouered against him by the Uenetians caused betwene them verie longe and cruell warre Wherin on the Uenetian side were capitaines Francesco Carmignuola Giouanni Malauolta Gianfrancesco Gonzaga and Nanni Strozzi a Florentine knight And on the side of Philippo against the Uenetians were Francesco Sforza Agnola da Pergoletto the one and other Nicolo Guerriero and Piccinino and one Fierauante da Perugia with the helpe also of Alfonso kynge of Naples who beyng before tyme brought prisoner to Philippo by the Genowaies and by hym restored to libertee lyke a faythfull friende for a great whyle after succoured hym in all his businesse ¶ Thus whan Philippo had finyshed the enterprise againste the Uenetians and by meane of those his capitaines gotten Piacenza Como and Lodi he made the Marques of Monferrato so afearde of hym that wyllyngly he yelded vnto Philippo's handê Vercelli Alexandria and Aste And Nicolo da Este of Ferrara came to visite hym renderyng Parma that before had ben taken from Ottone and knowlageyng hym selfe to holde the citee of Reggio in fee of Philippo ¶ The citeee of Florence fearyng the power of this man entred in leage with the Uenetians whose two armies vnited togethers were foughten withall by certaine of Philippo's capitaines in the Countie of Faenza and there ouercomen ¶ Notwithstanding that the same victory was of much lesse importaunce than that whiche the noble Florentine Cosmo di Medici obteigned in the plaine of Anghiari against the army of Philippo ledde by Nicolo Piccinino towardes the Florentine damage for the whiche victory Cosmo at his retourne to Florence was called father of his countrey ¶ But for all that those warres had neuer ende as long as Philippo liued who finally fell out with the forenamed Alfonse kyng of Naples and by force restored the Queene Giouanna to hir possession ¶ He receiued into Myllaine Martine the .v. bishoppe of Rome as he retourned from the counsaile of Constance and maried his daughter Bianca vnto Francesco Sforza ¶ Finally findyng hym selfe fallen in great aduersitee what thoroughe blindenesse that toke hym in his age what through the losse of Genoa and what through the discoumfiture of his armie at Casale Maggiore
Placentine of whiche there perished at one time with the fall of an holow banke aboue 50. persons so that what with one thyng and what with an other beyng also a man knowen full of abhominacion in all kinde of vices and specially in the vnnaturall in conclusion he became hated of all men insomuche that the Conte Giouanni Aguzzolo and the Conte Augustino di Pallauicini with certaine of theyr kynne and friendes conspired against hym and at theyr tyme appoincted findyng hym with a small garde in his owne hous in Plancense slew him hangyng afterwardê the deade body out at a window for a spectacle vnto the people ¶ Finally these gentilmen foreseeyng the daunger that for this doyng might folowe vnto them in case the state shoulde continue of the churche practised before with Don Ferrando Gonzaga to see whether he wolde backe them by receiuyng the stronge citee of Placense vnto the emperours behoufe so that beyng at a poinct with him the mattier was so handled that the nexte night after the Dukes death there were secretly receiued into the towne .800 of the emperours men and so the citee wonne without stroke strickyng ¶ All the money plate iewelles and stuffe that coulde be founde of the Dukes to the value of .30000 crownes and vpwardes were diuided amongest the confederates and the Conte Giouanni Aguzzolo who kylled the Duke his owne handes allowed by the emperour .20 men for his garde ¶ Finally the bishop of Rome being hereof aduertised incontinently caused Parma to be fortified and furnished with men of warre and tempted by corrupcion of money to haue had one of the gates of Placense deliuered hym by nighte but his practise was discouered and certaine Spaniardes therfore taken and hanged And euer sens for more than this halfe yere the emperours power vpon the Placentine and the bishoppes on the Parmesane haue kept diligent watche and warde loking euery houre for open warre What it woull proue to he best knoweth that gouerneth all ¶ Of the astate of Urbine THe citee of Urbine standeth almoste on the toppe of the Appeâ—yne hylles in maner betwene the marke of Ancona Tuscane the people wherof as Plinie writeth haue ben surnamed Metaurensi and it seemeth to haue taken name of Vrbes Binae two townes For who that well considereth the proporcion of it shall iudge by the miter facion therof that it hath been two townes ioigned together and the middell whiche is a holow descent betwene two hillê is the sklenderest part of the citee ¶ The Dukes palaice is a verie faire house but not so excellent as the Conte Baldasar in his Courtisane doeth commende it ¶ The Dukes dominion is two citees Vrbine and Pesaro his reuenew passeth not .60000 crownes by the yere But his auncestours for the most parte serued other astates as the Duke that now is also doth wherby they kepte muche greatter portes than their owne habilitee wolde beare ¶ Amongest other this Dukes father builded an house within a mile of Pesaro called Imperiale whiche in mine opinion is one of the best deuised litle thynges that may lightly be founde It standeth on the syde of an hyll and hath prospect bothe to the citee and to all the valey it hath many fine little chambers goodly open vaultes and excellent faire fountaines But that whiche most of all pleased myne eye was that being of a great height you may out of the highest gardeine â—yde about on the toppe of the house which is very faire paued with bricke and railed on bothe sides with fine pillers and railes of white marble ¶ As for the edificacion of Urbine or other notable memory before the yere .1345 I finde nothyng mete to be written At whiche time by reason of the variaunce betwene bishop Clement of Rome and the emperour Lewis of Bauarie who to make their parties stronge made diuers new lordes in Italy Galasso di Montefeltro was made vicare for the emperour in the citees of Urbine and Eugenio against the bishop of Rome and his adherentes in whiche his succession continued enheritours vnto the yere .1444 that Federike after made Duke obteigned the astate The occasion wherof was that Guido Conte di Vrbino hauyng no heire male by his firste wife feigned that he had gotten a Concubine with childe and so secretly toke the sonne of his nere kinnesman Bernardino della Corda whiche euen than was newly borne and namyng it Federike caused it to be nourished as his owne ¶ Not longe after his wife died and mariyng agayne engendred a sonne named Oddo who in deede succeded the father in his astate But he was so viciouse of liuyng and so busie with gentilmens wifes that in a sodein rumour of the people he was slaine and a Protonotary called Carpesiano with him ¶ Wherupon this Federike the putatiue sonne by the whole voice of the people was elected their prince who in his youthe had ben verie well brought vp specially in feates of armes in the exercise wherof he loste one of his eyes ¶ This Federike was not onely valiaunte but also verie well learned and so happie a man that in his tyme he was generall of .viii. seuerall armies and died capitaine of the Uenetians armie in the fielde before Ferrara ¶ The bishop of Rome for his worthinesse made hym Duke the kyng of Englande not onely gaue him money but also made hym of the Garter For whiche curtesy all Englishe men haue a certaine priuilege of freedome in his dominion and the Frenche kyng made him also of his order Besides that there was none astate in Italy but that at one tyme or other presented hym with some worthy gifte ¶ And aboue all the rest his fidelitee seemeth to me most worthy of commendacion For whan Francesco Sforza was forsaken of all his other friendes and pursued with 20000. men he onely receiued him and therby putte him selfe and his whole astate in ieopardy which he determined rather to lose than to seeme an vnfaithfull friende and in effecte mainteigned Sforza till time serued him to recouer ¶ After the death of Federike his sonne Guido Vbaldo of the age of .xii. yeres succeded who reigned quietly about .xxi. yeres till the comyng of Valentino Borgia sonne of Alexandre the .vi. bishop of Rome that fyrst by suche crafte gatte the astate into his handê that Guido Vbaldo was faine to flee disguised in plowmans clothyng Neuerthelesse through the good will of his subiectes he recouered his astate in shorte tyme againe But Ualentines force was suche that at length this Duke toke suche treasure as he had and fledde to the Marques of Mantua whose sister he had maried there diyng without issue ended the house of Montefeltro that had reigned in Urbine the space of .157 yeres ¶ Valentino Borgia helde it but a verie smalle space for shortly after his fathers death Iulie the seconde bishop of Rome persecuted him and brought the house of Borgia to naughtes and thervpon gaue
ordeined 21. Electours of the empire 50. Empire deuided 15.46 Empire chaunged 48. Ende of the Romaine kinges 10. Ende of the Lumbardes reigne 20. Ende of the house of Normans in Sicilie 121. Ende of the house of â—ueâ—ia in the dominion of Naples 125. Ende of the hous of Durazza 132. Ende of the house of Arragon in Naples 135. Emanuel emperour 96. Eaâ—as 8. Eneas Siluius eod Ercole 211.212 Ezelino di Romano 98. F. Facion of Italy fol. 1. Faunus 8. Federico 206.215 Federike .122 kynge of Sicilie 127.135 Feedyng in Italy 2. Ferdinando 133. Ferdinando kyng of Spaine 136. Ferrandino 135. Fertilitee of Naples 11â— Fier breaking out of the earth 113. Florence destroied and reedified 140. Florentines customes 1â—8 Florentines common wealth constituted 141. Francesco Maria. 215. Francesco 204.206 Francesco Donato 112. Francis Petrarcha 60.127 Francis Dandolo 101. Francis Foscaro 106. Francis Sforza 181.196.198 Fresco. 209. GAlba Sergius 11. Galeasso di Montefeltro 214. Galeazzo 181.191.193.197 Galerius 14. Galienus 13. Garmaldus 19. Gasparo di Uicomercato 181. Gates of Rome 24. Gensericus 16. Gensualdus 19. Gentilmen of Italie 3. Gianfrancesco 205. Giangaleazo 193. Giouanni 89.91 Giouanni Dandolo 99. Giouanna prima 127. Giouanna ii 130. Giouanni Torrigiani 90. Giouanni 192.197 Giouanni Maria. 194. Giustiniano 90. Giudice di Ginarcha 169. Godfrey 117. Gonzaga 203. Gordianus 13. Gothes 15. Graners and Arsenales 36. Gratianus 14. Grimoaldus 19. Guelfes and Ghibelines faction 141. Guglielmo Ferrabach 116. Guglielmo 119.120.121.123 Guido 204. Guido Conte di Urbino 214. Guido Ubaldo 215.216 Gundebalde 16. Gundibertus 19. HEad of Tyber 23. Helius Pertinax 12. Henrico imperatore 121. Hilles in Rome 25. Hill Testacchio 35. Hippodromus 36. Historie of Naples 114. Honorius 14. Hospitalles in Uenice 82. Hospitalles in Florence 138. Hotte baines 113. Hugo Conte d' Arli 48. Hunes fol. 15. Hunfredo 117. Husbandmen of Italie fol. 5. I. IAcopo Contarini 99. Iames Tiopolo 97. Iano king of Cyprus 177. Iano Fregoso 184. Ianus 8. Images put out of churches 44.46 Ingratitude of people 175. Iohn Acton 62. Iohn Soranzo 100. Iohn Gradenico 103. Iohn Delfino eodem Iohn Mocenigo 109. Iohn Sharpe 149.210 Iouinianus 14. Italian customes and nature folio 3. Iubilie 58.60 Iulius Cesar fyrst emperour 10. Iuliano di Medici 215. Iulius Phillippus 13. Iulianus Apostata 14. Iunipertus 20. K. KYndes of marble fo 37 Kynges of Naples intitled kynges of Ierusalem 122. Kyng Alfonse taken prisoner 132. L. LAwes of Uenice 81.88 Ladislaus 130. Laurence di Medici 155 215. Latinus 8. Latinus Siluius 8. Laimpertus 20. Lewis the .12 kyng of France 135. Leather coined for money 110. Leonardo Loredano 110. Libertee of straungers in Uenice 85. Liberalitee 107. Lionello 210. Lodouico Moro. 198. Lorenzo Tiepolo 99. Lorenzo Ceâ—so 103. Lucchino 192. Lucius Tarquinius 10. Luigi Gonzaga 103. Luigi 204.205 Luitprandus 20. Lumbardes fol. 15. M. MAnfredo 56.124 â–ª Macrinus 12 â–ª Marcello 88 â–ª Marino Morosini 97. Marino Giorgio 100. Marino Falerio 102. Marco Cornario 103. Marco Barbarico 110. Marie 129. Marcus Aurelius Antonius 12. Martino Torrigiani 190. Matilda 52.201 Mattea Magno 191. Mauritio 89. Maximus 12. Maximianus 16. Merchandise of Italie fol. 2. Merchantes of Italie 4 â–ª Michele Morosini 105. Michele Steno 106. Millayne situate 188. Millaynes name 189. Morea 108. Morbus Gallicus 135. Murder 129. Mutio father to Frauncis Sforza 196. N. NApoleone 190. Narses 17. Naumachiae fol. 29. Nero. 11. Nerua 11. Nicene counsaile 43. Nicolo Trono 108. Nicolo Marcello 109. Nicolo 210.211 Nobilitee suppressed 149. Numitor. 9. Numa Pompilius 10. OBeliskes folio 33. Obelerio 90. Obierto Flisco 182. Obizone 209. Octauianus Augustus 10. Oddo 215. Odoacrus 16. Ordelaffo Falero 94. Orso 88.91 Orso Baduaro 92. Orso Orseolo 93. Orio Malipiero 96. Originall of Mantua 201. Originall and successe of the citee of Ferrara 208. Otho the fyrst 115. Otho the .ii. eodem Otho Lucius 11. Ottone Orseolo 93. Ottone 190. Ottone Uisconti eodem P. PAolo Lucio 87. Passerino 202. Pasquale Malipiero 108. Patriarke Uitellesco 132. Partharus 20. Peter kynge of Aragon 126. Peter Fregoso 180. Philippo Torrig 190. Philippo Maria .194 descriued 195. Pietro Gradenico 91.99 Pietro Candiano 92. Pietro Tribuno eodem Pietro Baduaro 92. Pietro Orseolo eodem 93. Pietro Barbolano 93. Pietro â—olano 95. Pietro Ziani 97. Pietro Mocenigo 109. Pietro Lando 112. Pietro Aluigi 213. Picus 8. Pinamonte 202. Plague of pestilence 60. Pleasures of Italie folio 2. Plinies death 113. Policie 65.164 Porches in Rome 31. Poore people 82. Poyson that worketh not till a tyme. 185. Practise of a prelate 153. Present astate of Rome 37. Priestes mariage 52. Prince Edward of England 126. Prisoners in Uenice 83. Probus 13. Proca 9. Proctours and treasure of Uenice 80. Pyllers in Rome 32. Pyramides 34. Q. QUeene Iohans housband strangled 127. Queene Iohan hanged 129. R. RAchis or Lachis 20. Rafael Adorno 180. Raimpertus 20. Rainoldes comyng to Naples 132. Raufe Duke of Burgoyne 48. Rebellion in Sicile 125. Realme of Naples 6. Renulus 9. Resort of straungers into Italy 2. Reuenew of Uenice 76. Richarde kyng of Englande 165. Rinaldo 209. Rineri Zeno. 98. Riuer of Tyber 22. Robert 127. Roberto Guiscardo created Duke 117. Rodoaldus 19. Roger .119 intitled kyng of Sicile 120. Rome destroied .iiii. times 17. Rome gotten 130. Romoaldus 19. Romulus 9. Romulus first kynge of Romaines 9. Rotharius 18. S. SAincte Peters churche 40. Saiyng of Fuluius eod Sarasines comyng into Italie first 11â— Saturnus 8. Sebastian Ziani 95. Sepulchrum Bacâ—hi 36. Seruius Tullius 10. Seuerus 12. Sicile conquered by the Normaines 118. Siluius Posthumius 8. Site of Italy fol 1. Site of Uenice 73. Sordello 2â—2 Sophia 17. Supremitee of the churche 44. Shiftyng and poysonyng of Romaine bishoppes 50. Slaughter of Frenchmen 125 States of Italie 6. State of Genoa 160. T. TAcitus 13. Tancredi the Normain 116. Tancredi 123. Tarquinus Priscus 10. Teia 17. Temperature of Italy fol. 1. Temperature of Naples 113. Temple in Rome 31. Testament broken 195. Theatres 30. Thermes in Rome 28. Theodolinda 18. Theodoricus 16. Theodorius 14.16 Thomas Beckette 55. Thomas Mocenico 106. Title of the kyngdome of Ierusalem 126. Title of the seconde line of the house of Angio. 128. Titus 11. Tullus â—ostelius 10. Turke conquered in Italie 1â—4 Trade and customes of Genoa 161. Traâ—anus 11. Treasure founde vnder the grounde 118. Tribuno Memmo 9â— Tyberinus 9. Tyberius 11. Tyrannie 190. U. VIlla 43. Ualentino Borgia 215 Ualentinianus 14. Ualens 14. Ualerianus 13. Uandales fol. 15. Uarius Heliogabalus 12. Uenetian astate 73. Uespasianus 11. Uiage into the holy lande 53. Uitale Candiano 93. Uitale Falero 94. Uitale Michaele eodem 95. Uirius Gallus 13. Uisconti 190. Uitellius 11. Walles of Rome 23. Warres of Uenice 81. Wild beastes in Florence 138 Wiues of Florence 139. Wiues of Myllaine 188. Women of Italie fol. 6. Wounder 163. ¶ Thus endeth the table of this present boke sette out by letter The circuit of Italie The facion of Italie Temperature of Italie
The site of Italie Merchandise Pleasures â–ª Feedyng in Italie Resort of straungers into Italy Gentilmen Merchantes Artificers Husbandmen Women The edificacion of Rome The fyrste king of the Romains The ende of the Romaine kinges Consules The firste emperour Donacion of ConstaÌ„tine Gothes Uandales â–ª Hunes Lumbardes Diuidyng of the empyre Rome destroied .iiii. tymes Desiderius The ende of the Lumbardes reigne Elecion of the emperour The headâ— of Tyber Ponte di S â–ª Angelo Ponte del Castello Ponte Sisto Ponte rotto Ponte de Pisona Ponte di S. Bertholomeo Ponte di quatuor Capora Ponte di S. Maria â–ª Sublicius Palatinus Fabricius Cestius Januclensis Vaticanus Elius Miluius Porta de popolo flu tuentana Flaminia P. Pinciana Collatina P. Salaria Quirinalis Aegonalis P. di sant ' Agnese Uiminalis Figulensis Numentana P. di San Lorenzo Tiburtina Exquilina P. Maggi ore Neuia Labicana Prenestina P. di San Hioanni CelimoÌ„tana Asinaria P. Latina â–ª P. di S. sebastiano Appia Capena Triumphalis P. di San Paolo Trigemina P. Portese di Ripa P. di S. Pancratio Aurelia P. del Torrione P. Portusa P. di Beluedere di San Piero. del Giardino di S. Peregrino P. del Castello Posterula Auentinus Capitolinus Palatinus Celius Exquilius Viminalis Quirinalis Transtyberim Vaticane Porta Septimiana Subtus Janum Fontinalis Janiculum Aqua Appia Aqua Martia Anfeia Traiana Claudia Pli. li. 36. nat histor Auiena Triuiana Virginia Opinions of the decai of the antiquitees Adrians curtesie and wisedome Arcus Constantini Arcus Titi. Arcus Seâ—eri Arcus Domitiani Theatrum Amphitheatrum Coliseo Arena Circuâ—â— Pantheon S. Maria Rotonda Templuni Romuli T. Paâ—is T. Jani T. Iâ—idis T. Minerue T. Palladis â–ª Structiles â–ª Columna Traiani Piazza Colonna La Guglia SepulchruÌ„ Bâ—cchi The saiyng of Fuluius Kyndes of Marbles Peter the â—postle Siluester .1 The donacion of Constantine Ualla againste the donacion â–ª Nicene counsaile Marcus Iulius Liberius Felix .2 Damasus Hierome Syritius Supremacie of the churche Gredoriâ—s .2 Images put out of churches Gregorius â— Charles Martell â–ª Zacharias â–ª Chilperike deposed Stephanus .2 Paulus Images Constantinus .2 Stephanus .3 Adrianus Leo .3 Thempire diuided Stephanus .4 Pascalis â–ª Gregorius .4 Sergius â–ª â— Iohannes .8 Adrianus .2 Iohannes .9 Adrianus â— Stephanus .6 Chaunge of the empire Berengarius .1 Berengarius .2 Raulfe Duke of Burgoyne â–ª Hugo Câ—nte d' Arli Berengarius .3 Iohannes .11 Agapitus .2 Otho Iohannes .12 Iohannes .13 Benedictus .6 Bonifatius .7 Gregorius .5 Electours of the empire Cesar. Augustus Benedictus .8 Benedictus .9 Shiftyng and poysonyng of Romayne bishops Leo .9 â–ª Stephanus .9 Nicolaus 2. Alexandre .2 Gregorius .7 Priestes mariage Uictor .3 Pascalis â–ª Matilda Uâ—age into the holy lande Gelasius .2 Calixtus â— Innocenâ—ius .2 Eugenius .3 Adrianus â–ª 4. Alexander â— Thomas Beckette â–ª Lucius .3 â–ª Celestinus â–ª 3 â–ª Innocenâ—ius .3 Honorius .3 Gregorius 9. Innocentius .4 Cardinall hattes Urbanus .4 Manfredo Clemens 4 Gregorius 1â— â–ª Nicolaus .3 Martinê° .4 Honorius .4 Celestinus 5. Bonifaâ—ius .8 yere of Iubiliâ— Benedictê° .11 Clemens .5 Iohannes .22 Benedictus â–ª 12 â–ª Frauncis Petrarke â–ª Clemens Iubiley â–ª Iubiley Plague of pestilence Innocentius .6 Urbanus â— â–ª Gregorius 11. 1â—76 Sir Iohn Acton â–ª Urbanus .6 Cardinals sacked and baked Bonifaâ—â—us .9 Annates Innocentius .7 Gregorius 12. Alexandre .5 Iohannes .23 Martinus 5. Eugenius .4 A wittie policie Nicolaus .5 Amideus Calixtus .3 Alfonse Pius 2â— Paulus .2 Sixtus .4 Innocentius .4 Alexander .6 Pius .3 Iulius .2 â–ª Leo .10 Adrian .7 Clemeâ—s â–ª 7 â–ª Paulus .3 Poore people Hospitals Prisonerâ— Paolo Lucio Lawes Marcello Orso 737 Deodato .737 Domenico Menicaccio .747 Mauritio 7â—2 Giouanni .768 Obelerio â–ª 78â— Angelo â–ª Particiaco .792 Giustiniano .810 Giouanni â–ª 813. Pietro Gradenico â–ª 82â— Auogadori Orso Particiaco â—65 Belles Giouanni â—84 Pietro Landiano 890. Pietro Tribuno .893 Orso Baduaro .915 â–ª Pietro Candiano 938. Pietro Baduaro .956 Pietro Candiano .958 Pietro Orseolo .973 Uitale Candiano 97â— Tribuno Memmo â–ª 975. Pietro Orseolo 9â—7 Ottone Orseolo .1007 Pietro Barbolano .1026 Orso Orseolo .1030 Domenico Orseolo .1031 Domenico Flabenico 1031. Domenico Contarini .1042 Domenico Siluio .1068 Uitale Falero 108â— Uitale Michele .1095 Ordelaffo â–ª Falero .1098 Domenico Michele .1115 Pietro Polano .1130 Domenico Morosini â–ª 1147. Uitale Michele 1â—â—4 â–ª Sebastian Ziani â–ª 1171 â–ª Emanuel â–ª Crueltee Orio Malipiero 1180 Arrigo Dandolo â–ª 1194 Pietro Ziani .1203 Iames Tiepolo .1225 Marino Morosini .1247 Crueltee Ezelino di Romano Rinieri Zeno 12â—0 Lorenzo Tiepolo .1267 Iacopo Contarini â–ª 1275. Giouanni Dandolo .1281 Pietâ—â— Gradenigo .1290 Marino Giorgio .1312 Iohn Soranzo .1313 Fraunces Dandolo .1329 Bartholomeo Gradenigo .1340 Andrea Dandolo â–ª 1343. Marino Falerio .1354 Iohn Gradenico .1355 Iohn Delfino .1356 Lorenzo Celso 13â—0 Marco Cornaro .1365 Andrea Contarini â–ª 1367. Michele Morosini .1383 Antonio Ueniero â–ª 138â— Michele Steno .1400 Thomas Mocenigo 1413. Fraunces Foscaro 14â—4 Liberalitee Pasquale Malipiero 14â—7 Christofero Moro 14â—2 Morea Nicolo Trono .1471 Cyprus wonne Nicolo Marcello 147â— Pietro Mocenâ—go .1474 Andrea Vendramino .1476 Iohn Mocenigo 1478. Marco Barbarico 1485. Agostino Barbarico 1486. Leonardo Loredano 15â—1 Douchemens hall in Uenice Antonio Gâ—imani Andrea Gritti Petro Lando Francesco Donato Castell Nouo Temperature of Naples Plinies death Hotte baynes Fire breakyng out of the erth Fertilitee of Naples 829. The fyrste comyng of the Sarasines into Italie 845. 864. Otho the firste 964. Otho the ii 100â— Taneredâ— the Normain Guglielmo Ferrabach Drogone Hunfredo Godfrey Bagelardo Robert Guiscardo Roberte created Duke Treasure founde vnder grounde 〈◊〉 conquered by the Normains Bishoppe of Rome besieged 108â— Roger. 1094. Guglielmo .2 Roger .2 The citiâ— of Naples gotten by the Normains Roger entitled kyng of Sicile â–ª 11â—9 Guglielmo iii. William deposed William restored Guglielmo iiii 1191. Tancredâ— â–ª 1191. Guglielmo .5 1195. End of the house of Normains Henrico .6 Imperatoâ—e 119â— Federike â–ª 122â— â–ª the kynges of Naples entitled kynges of Ierusalem 1229. Carroccio â—eather â—oygned for money â–ª 1250 â–ª Conrade Crueltee â–ª Corradino neri heire vnto Conrade 1254 â–ª Manfredo 1265. Ende of the house of Sueuia in the dominion of Naples Carlo Duca d' Angio 1268. Corradino beheaded â–ª Crueltee Rebellion in Sicile Slaughter of Frenchmen Peter kynge of Aragone Charles sonne take prisoner Crueltee 1274. Title of the kyngdome of Ierusalem 1276. Carlo 2. Prince Edwarde of Englande Federike kyng of Sicile 1309. Robert 1342. Petrarcha Bocchaciê° Giouanna prima Quene Iohans Husbande strangled 135â— â—itle of the seconde lyne of the house of Angio. 1â—â—1 Quene Iohan hanged Marie Carlo .3 Murder 13â—6 Ladislaus â–ª 1370. Rome gotten .1408 Rome the secounde tyme gotteÌ„ by Ladislaus 1414. Giouanna â— 141â— â–ª Alfonse adopted heire to Quene Iohan. Discorde 1424. 1434. Ende of the house of Durazzo Alfonse Kyng Alphonse taken prisoner Patriarke Uitelesco Rainoldes comyng to Naples 145â— Ferdinando The Turke in Italie Couetousnesse .1489 1494. Alfonse .2 Ferrandino Morbâ—â— Gallicus 1496. Federike Ende of the house of Aragone in Naples Lewys the .12 of Fraunce 1501. Kynge Ferdinando of Spaigne Charles the .v. Emperour 1515. 1528. 1547. The circuit of the citee Bridges Arno. Edifices Wilde beastes Hospitalles â–ª The Academie Women Florence destroied and reedified 1080. Diuision Guelfi and Ghibellines faction FloreÌ„tines common wealthe constituted 1308. â—326 1328. Nobilitee suppressed 1357. Iohn Sharpe Common people 138â— 1390 â–ª 1400. 1409. 1414 â–ª 1428. 1432. 1464. Cosmo di Medici Practise of a prelate 1486. Laurence d' i Medici â–ª 1495. 1495. 1530. 1532. 1534. Cittadella Duke Cosmo â–ª Wonder â—58 19â—9 Policy 1100 â–ª 1127. 1146. 1190. Richarde kynge of England 1194. 1201. 1204. 120â— 1216. 122â— â–ª 1222. 1227. 1238. 1243. 1251. 1â—57 1258. 1261 â–ª 1266. 1â—70 1376. 1282. Giudice 1284. 1289. 1290. 12â—â— 1294. 1295. 1296. 12â—â— â–ª 1304. 1306. 1â—12 1315. 1318 â–ª 133â— Policie 1332. 1335. 1338. 1339. 1340. 1344. 1345. 1346. 1350. 135â— 1356. 1363. 1370.1372 1373. 1378. Ingratitude of people 1381. 1383. 1389. 1396. 1397. 1398. 1399. 1400. 1401. 1402. 1403. Bouciquart 1409. 1413. 1415. 1416. 1421. 1422. 1437. 1434. 1436. 1442. 1443 1444 â–ª 1447. 1454. 1458. 1459. 1490. 1462. 1464. 1466. 1475. 1476. 1477. 1478. 14â—â— 1487. 1488. 149â— 149â— 149â— 1501. 1502. 1506. 1507. 15â—â— 1512. 1513. 1514. 1515. 1516. 1517. Poyson that worketh not till a time 1519. 1521. 1522. 1524. 1525. 1526. 1527. 1528. 1536. 1546 Andrea Doria Wiues of Millaine Millaine Sâ—â—â—ate Castell of Millaine Millaines â—ame Attila 1161. Giouanni Torrigiani Tiranny Martino Torrigiani Philippo Torrig Napoleone Uisconti â–ª Ottone Ottone Uisconti Matteo Magno Galeazo â—â—ene Lucchino Giouanni Bernabo Galeazo Giangaleazo 1402. Giouannâ— Maria. 1433. Philippo Maria. Philippo Maria descriued Testament â—â—oken Francesco Sforza Mutio father to Fraunces Sforza Galeazo â–ª Giouanni Lodouico Moro. Francesco 1063. Matilda Sordello Pinamonte Passerino Gonzaga Luigi Gonzaga Guido Luigi Francesco 1407. Gianfrancesco 144â— Luigi Federico Francesco Federico â—520 1539 â–ª Francesco 700. 1020 â–ª Azo 1. Aldobrandino Azo .2 Crueltee Fresco. Crueltee Obizone Azo .3 Rinaldo Obizone .2 Nicolo Alberto â–ª Nicolo Lionello Borso Nicolo Ercole Alfonso Ercole â–ª Galasso di Montefeltro .1345 Conte Guido .1428 Oddo .1440 Federico â–ª 1444. Guido Ubaldo 14â—2 Ualentino Borgia .1503 Francesco Maria .1504 1514. Iulianio di Medici Laurence di Medici 1522. Guido Ubaldo .2 1538. 1547 â–ª
Calimaco a simple man And further that one Luca Totio a banished Romaine had ben seen with a noumbre of banisshed men in the wooddes there by Upon whiche enformacions he caused diuers men of reputacion to be taken aswell courtiers as other and without any matter or good grounde of suspicion put theim to suche terrible tourmentê that it wold greeue and gentill hert to heare it ¶ He attempted the winnyng of Tolfa fyrst by treason than by siege and lastly whan he could not so get it he purchased it for .7000 dukates ¶ Likewyse he assaulted the citee of Rimino to haue taken it from the familie of Malaâ—esta but he failed of that enterprise ¶ He vsed verie great Symonie and whan any bishoprike fell he would translate the bishops from one see to an other for the gaine of theyr fyrst fruites by reason wherof he gathered a great treasure and delited verie muche in iewelles ¶ Finally he persuaded all men to kepe their children at schole till thei could write and reade and no longer and died sodeinly ¶ Sixtus the .iiii. was bothe learned and eloquent and contrarie to his predecessours nature delited in learned men ¶ He did his beste to succour the princes that were driuen out of theyr countreis by the Turke as the quene of Bossina the Paleologi the Despoti and diuers other And yet did he vniustly bothe reise warres him selfe and also cause other princes to dooe the lyke ¶ Fyrst he beganne with the Florentines because they had emprisoned his nephiew a Cardinall and had hanged the archebishop of Pisa for killyng of Iuliano di Medici ¶ He made warre to Ferdinando kyng of Naples because he had not ayded the Duke of Ferrara against the Uenetians ¶ He made warre also to the Uenetians and gathered all the astates of Italie into a leage against theim leauyng theim excommunicate whan he died ¶ He leuied many dismes and subsidies of the clergie through all Christendome and was verie beneficiall to his owne kynne and friendes ¶ Finally by his tyme Macomet the .ii. emperour of the Turkes had taken Otronto in Puglia and prepared hym selfe to the conquest of Italie Wherfore the bishop made hym readie to flee into France and had fledde in deede if God by preuentyng of that enterprise had not set a staie to the Turkisshe furie with Macometes death ¶ Innocence the .iiii. assoyled the Uenetians and trauailed muche to agree the Christian princes together Neuerthelesse because his last predecessour had released to the kyng of Naples certaine pretended duties of the churche therfore procuryng fyrste certaine astates of the realme to rebell he moued warre against Ferdinando and at length constreigned him to agree at his owne appoinctment ¶ He pacified also a great contencion betweene the families of Colonna and Orsina whose variaunce had been cause of no small fyre bloudde and spoyle He had a sonne and a daughter whom he left verie riche and was neuerthelesse reputed bothe liberall pitifull ¶ Alexander the .vi. was a Spaniarde borne and a great philosophier He entred in league with Alfonse king of Naples against Charles the .viii. Frenche kynge who than prepared hym selfe to come into Italie Neuerthelesse Charles power was suche that the bishop not onely gaue hym passage but also receiued hym in Rome honourablie And yet mistrustyng the frenche kynges hygh courage seyng he feared but little the ecclesiasticall power the bishop withdrew hym selfe into Castel Sant ' Angelo though by fayre entreatie he came out againe and yelded all his dominion at the kynges will and besides that deliuered hym Zizimo brother to the great Turke that before was the bishoppes prisoner ¶ But ere euer Charles retourned out of the realme of Naples which was within lesse than halfe a yere after the bishop had wrought a new league against him wherin the emperour Maximilian the kyng of Aragone the Uenetians and the Duke of Mylaine were his collegê So that Charles in his retourne towardes France was fought withall and sore handled ¶ Finally Charles beyng thus departed this bishop beganne to waxe hygh and imaginyng how to extoll his owne name he created his son Valentino Borgia Duke causyng hym fyrst to renounce his cardinall hatte whiche at his fathers creacion was geuen hym and than made he hym capitaine of an armie sent into Romagnia where fyrst he warred against Katherine ladie of Imola and Furli and not onely toke hir iust possessions from hir but also sent hir prisoner to Rome and than proceded further against the other lordes theraboutes So that hauyng chased awaie the families of Manfredi Ordelaffi Malateste Feltrani Veranei and diuers other in maner of no lesse astate than princes he gatte into his possession the countreis of Romagnia and Marca d' Ancona with the dukedomes of Vrbino Camerino and Spoleti Of all the whiche his father entitled hym Duke and entred into so great a pride with his sonnes prosperitee that he woulde saie to hym eyther a Caesar or nothyng ¶ Through coumfort wherof beyng geuen to ouermuche couetousenesse in hope of empyre he poysoned diuers riche Cardinallê to haue theyr goodes and amongest his other practises he appoincted poysoned coumfettes for a Cardinall that dined with his father but the father hym selfe was serued of the wronge boxe and died And the sonne not longe after slaine in the middest of all his glorie notwithstandyng that by his fathers tyme he was coupled in mariage with the daughter of the Duke of Ferrara ¶ Pius the .iii. died within a moneth not without suspicion of venim ¶ Iulie the .ii. beyng a man more geuen to armes than to praier more like Iulius Caesar than Symon Peter was wont to saie that Maximilian had been meete to be bishop and he emperour ¶ Fyrst he procured suche a league against the Uenetians that they had neuer a foote of grounde lefte theim on the maine lande so that he had for his parte Rauenna with the other citees of Romagnia ¶ He destroied the familie of Borgia and quieted muche the ciuile sedicion that had longe time reigned in the Romaine nobilitee ¶ He made warre against the Bentiuogli that thaÌ„ were lordes of Bononia and hauyng chased theim awaie entred into that citee with lyke triumph as the auncient Romaine conquerours were wont to dooe into Rome ¶ Many tymes he woulde goe armed hym selfe specially in the enterprise against Lodouicus Picus of Mirandula ¶ Finally fearyng the frenche kyngê to muche prosperitee he entred in league with the Uenetians and the kyng of Spaine against the Frenche kyng whiche was occasion of the notable battaile of Rauenna fought on Easter daie where on bothe sides were slaine aboute 30000. men For as I haue been crediblie enformed whaÌ„ both battailê were ioigned Spaniardes on the one syde and frenchemen on the other the Duke of Ferrara that came on the frenche parte shotte of his artillerie amongest the thickest and slewe a multitude aswell of his friendes as enemies but thei were