Selected quad for the lemma: england_n

Word A Word B Word C Word D Occurrence Frequency Band MI MI Band Prominent
england_n france_n king_n time_n 18,531 5 4.0048 3 true
View all documents for the selected quad

Text snippets containing the quad

ID Title Author Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication) STC Words Pages
A30883 A discourse of trade by N.B. ... Barbon, Nicholas, d. 1698. 1690 (1690) Wing B707; ESTC R12426 26,245 107

There are 5 snippets containing the selected quad. | View original text

it_o be_v useful_a for_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o government_n it_o provide_v the_o magazine_n of_o warr._n the_o gun_n powder_n and_o bullet_n be_v all_o make_v of_o mineral_n and_o be_v wrought_v by_o trader_n beside_o those_o mineral_n be_v not_o to_o be_v have_v in_o all_o country_n the_o great_a stock_n of_o salt-peter_n be_v bring_v from_o the_o east_n indies_n and_o therefore_o must_v be_v import_v by_o the_o merchant_n for_o the_o exchange_n of_o the_o native_n stock_n the_o last_o benefit_n be_v that_o trade_n may_v be_v assistant_n to_o the_o enlarge_n of_o empire_n and_o if_o a_o universal_a empire_n or_o dominion_n of_o very_a large_a extent_n can_v again_o be_v raise_v in_o the_o world_n it_o seem_v more_o probable_a to_o be_v do_v by_o the_o help_n of_o trade_n by_o the_o increase_n of_o ship_n at_o sea_n than_o by_o arm_n at_o land_n this_o be_v too_o large_a a_o subject_a to_o be_v here_o treat_v of_o but_o the_o french_a king_n be_v seem_a attempt_n to_o raise_v empire_n in_o europe_n be_v that_o common_a theme_n of_o man_n discourse_n have_v cause_v some_o short_a reflection_n which_o will_v appear_v by_o compare_v the_o difficulty_n of_o the_o one_o with_o the_o probability_n of_o the_o other_o the_o difficulty_n of_o raise_v a_o dominion_n of_o very_a large_a extent_n especial_o in_o europe_n be_v many_o first_o europe_n be_v grow_v more_o populous_a than_o former_o and_o there_o be_v more_o fortify_v town_n and_o city_n than_o be_v in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n which_o be_v the_o last_o extend_v dominion_n and_o therefore_o not_o easy_o subject_v to_o the_o power_n of_o any_o one_o prince_n whether_o europe_n be_v grow_v more_o populous_a sole_o by_o the_o natural_a increase_n of_o mankind_n there_o be_v more_o bear_v than_o dye_n which_o first_o people_v the_o world_n or_o whether_o since_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o europe_n be_v addict_v to_o trade_n the_o ground_n be_v make_v more_o fertile_a and_o yield_v great_a plenty_n of_o food_n which_o have_v prevent_v famine_n that_o former_o destroy_v great_a number_n of_o mankind_n so_o that_o no_o great_a famine_n have_v be_v take_v notice_n of_o by_o historian_n in_o these_o last_o three_o hundred_o year_n whether_o by_o dreining_n great_a bog_n lake_n and_o fen_n and_o cut_v down_o vast_a wood_n to_o make_v room_n for_o the_o increase_n of_o mankind_n the_o air_n be_v grow_v more_o healthy_a so_o that_o plague_n and_o other_o epidemical_a disease_n be_v not_o so_o destructive_a as_o former_o none_o so_o violent_a as_o procopius_n and_o wallsingham_n report_n which_o destroy_v such_o vast_a number_n in_o italy_n that_o there_o be_v not_o leave_v ten_o in_o a_o thousand_o and_o in_o other_o part_n of_o europe_n not_o enough_o alive_a to_o bury_v the_o dead_a whereas_o the_o plague_n in_o 1665_o the_o great_a since_o do_v not_o take_v away_o the_o hundred_o person_n in_o england_n holland_n and_o other_o country_n where_o it_o rage_v whether_o since_o the_o invention_n of_o gun_n and_o gunpowder_n so_o many_o man_n be_v not_o slay_v in_o the_o war_n as_o former_o xerxes_n lose_v 260000_o in_o one_o battle_n against_o the_o grecian_n alexander_n destroy_v 110000_o of_o darius_n army_n marius_n slay_v 120000_o of_o the_o cimbri_n and_o in_o great_a battle_n seldom_o less_o than_o 100000_o fell_a but_o now_o 20000_o man_n be_v account_v very_o great_a slaughter_n whether_o since_o the_o northern_a people_n have_v fall_v on_o trade_n such_o vast_a number_n be_v not_o destroy_v by_o invasion_n whether_o by_o all_o those_o way_n or_o by_o which_o of_o they_o most_o europe_n be_v grow_v populous_a be_v not_o material_a to_o this_o discourse_n it_o be_v sufficient_a to_o show_v that_o the_o matter_n of_o fact_n be_v so_o which_o do_v appear_v by_o compare_v the_o ancient_a history_n of_o country_n with_o the_o modern_a in_o the_o ancient_a description_n the_o country_n be_v full_a of_o vast_a wood_n wild_a beast_n the_o inhabitant_n barbarous_a and_o as_o wild_a without_o art_n and_o the_o government_n be_v like_o colony_n or_o herd_n of_o people_n but_o in_o the_o modern_a the_o wood_n be_v cut_v down_o and_o the_o lion_n bear_n and_o wild_a beast_n destroy_v no_o flesh-eater_n be_v leave_v to_o inhabit_v with_o man_n but_o those_o dog_n and_o cat_n that_o he_o tame_v for_o his_o use_n corn_n grow_v where_o the_o wood_n do_v and_o with_o the_o timber_n be_v build_v city_n town_n and_o village_n the_o people_n be_v clothe_v and_o have_v all_o art_n among_o they_o and_o those_o little_a colony_n and_o family_n be_v increase_v into_o greàt_a state_n and_o kingdom_n and_o the_o most_o undeniable_a proof_n of_o the_o increase_n of_o mankind_n in_o england_n be_v the_o doom-day-book_n which_o be_v a_o survey_n take_v of_o all_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o england_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o william_n the_o conqueror_n by_o which_o it_o appear_v that_o the_o people_n of_o england_n be_v increase_v more_o than_o double_a since_o that_o time_n but_o since_o the_o moysaicall_a hypothesis_n of_o the_o increase_n of_o the_o world_n be_v general_o believe_v among_o the_o christian_n and_o the_o late_a lord_n chief_a justice_n hales_n in_o his_o book_n of_o the_o origination_n of_o mankind_n have_v endeavour_v to_o satisfy_v all_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o world_n it_o will_v be_v misspend_v of_o time_n to_o use_v any_o other_o topick_n for_o the_o further_a proof_n thereof_o than_o what_o natural_o follow_v in_o this_o discourse_n which_o be_v from_o the_o different_a success_n of_o arm_n in_o the_o latter_a and_o former_a age_n in_o the_o infancy_n of_o the_o world_n government_n begin_v with_o little_a family_n and_o colony_n of_o man_n so_o that_o when_o ever_o any_o government_n arrive_v to_o great_a height_n than_o the_o rest_n either_o by_o the_o great_a wisdom_n or_o courage_n of_o the_o governor_n they_o afterward_o grow_v a_o pace_n it_o be_v no_o difficulty_n for_o ninus_n that_o be_v the_o old_a government_n and_o consequent_o the_o most_o populous_a to_o begin_v the_o assyrian_a empire_n nor_o for_o his_o successor_n to_o continue_v and_o enlarge_v it_o such_o vast_a army_n of_o cyrus_n darius_n hystospis_n and_o xerxes_n the_o least_o of_o their_o force_n amount_v to_o above_o 500000_o can_v not_o be_v resist_v when_o the_o world_n be_v but_o thin_a people_v these_o great_a army_n may_v at_o first_o sight_n seem_v to_o infer_v that_o the_o world_n be_v more_o populous_a than_o now_o because_o the_o army_n of_o the_o great_a prince_n seldom_o now_o exceed_v the_o number_n of_o fifty_o or_o sixty_o thousand_o man_n but_o the_o reason_n of_o those_o great_a number_n be_v they_o be_v not_o so_o well_o skill_v in_o military_a art_n and_o show_v that_o the_o world_n be_v in_o the_o infancy_n of_o its_o knowledge_n rather_o than_o populous_a for_o all_o that_o be_v able_a to_o bear_v arm_n go_v to_o the_o war_n and_o if_o that_o be_v now_o the_o custom_n there_o may_v be_v a_o army_n in_o england_n of_o above_o three_o million_o allow_v the_o inhabitant_n to_o be_v seven_o million_o and_o by_o the_o same_o proportion_n the_o king_n of_o france_n country_n be_v four_o time_n big_a may_v raise_v twelve_o million_o such_o a_o number_n be_v never_o hear_v of_o in_o this_o world_n the_o next_o difficulty_n against_o the_o enlarge_n of_o empire_n by_o arm_n be_v that_o since_o print_v and_o the_o use_v of_o the_o needle_n have_v be_v discover_v navigation_n be_v better_a know_v and_o thence_o be_v a_o great_a commerce_n among_o man_n the_o country_n and_o language_n be_v more_o understand_v knowledge_n more_o disperse_v and_o the_o art_n of_o war_n in_o all_o place_n know_v so_o that_o man_n fight_z more_o upon_o equal_a term_n than_o former_o and_o like_o two_o skilful_a fencer_n fight_v a_o long_a time_n before_o either_o get_v advantage_n the_o assyrian_n &_o persian_n conquer_a more_o by_o the_o number_n of_o soldier_n than_o discipline_n the_o grecian_n and_o roman_n more_o by_o discipline_n than_o number_n as_o the_o world_n grow_v old_a it_o grow_v wise_a learning_n first_o flourish_v among_o the_o grecian_n afterward_o among_o the_o roman_n and_o as_o the_o latter_a succeed_v in_o learning_n so_o they_o do_v in_o empire_n but_o now_o both_o party_n be_v equal_o discipline_v and_o arm_v and_o the_o success_n of_o war_n be_v not_o so_o great_a victory_n be_v seldom_o gain_v without_o some_o considerable_a loss_n to_o the_o conqueror_n another_o difficulty_n to_o the_o enlarge_n of_o dominion_n by_o arm_n be_v that_o the_o goth_n overcome_v the_o great_a part_n of_o europe_n do_v by_o their_o form_n of_o government_n so_o settle_v liberty_n and_o property_n of_o land_n that_o it_o be_v difficult_a for_o any_o prince_z to_o change_v that_o form_n whether_o the_o goth_n be_v part_n of_o the_o ten_o tribe_n as_o some_o be_v of_o
other_o argument_n that_o empire_n may_v be_v raise_v soon_o at_o sea_n than_o at_o land_n than_o by_o observe_v the_o growth_n of_o the_o unite_a province_n within_o one_o hundred_o year_n last_o pass_v who_o have_v change_v their_o style_n from_o poor_a distress_a into_o that_o of_o high_a and_o mighty_a state_n of_o the_o unite_a province_n and_o amsterdam_n that_o be_v not_o long_o since_o a_o poor_a fisher-town_n be_v now_o one_o of_o the_o chief_a city_n in_o europe_n and_o within_o the_o same_o compass_n of_o time_n that_o the_o spaniard_n &_o french_a have_v be_v endeavour_v to_o raise_v a_o universal_a empire_n upon_o the_o land_n they_o have_v rise_v to_o that_o height_n as_o to_o be_v a_o equal_a match_n for_o either_o of_o they_o at_o sea_n and_o be_v their_o government_n fit_v for_o a_o dominion_n of_o large_a extent_n and_o their_o country_n separate_v from_o their_o troublesome_a neighbour_n the_o continent_n which_o will_v free_v they_o from_o that_o military_a charge_n in_o defend_v themselves_o they_o may_v in_o a_o short_a time_n contend_v for_o the_o sovereignty_n of_o the_o seat_n but_o england_n seem_v the_o proper_a seat_n for_o such_o a_o empire_n it_o be_v a_o island_n therefore_o require_v no_o military_a force_n to_o defend_v it_o beside_o merchant_n and_o soldier_n never_o thrive_v in_o the_o same_o place_n it_o have_v many_o large_a harbour_n fit_v for_o a_o large_a dominion_n the_o inhabitant_n be_v natural_o courageous_a as_o appear_v from_o the_o effect_n of_o the_o climate_n in_o the_o game_n cock_n and_o mastiff_n dog_n be_v no_o where_o else_o so_o stout_a the_o monarchy_n be_v both_o fit_v for_o trade_n and_o empire_n and_o be_v there_o a_o act_n for_o a_o general_n naturalisation_n that_o all_o foreigner_n purchase_v land_n in_o england_n may_v enjoy_v the_o freedom_n of_o englishman_n it_o may_v within_o much_o less_o compass_n of_o time_n than_o any_o government_n by_o arm_n at_o land_n arrive_v to_o such_o a_o dominion_n for_o since_o in_o some_o part_n of_o europe_n mankind_n be_v harrass_v and_o disturb_v with_o war_n since_o some_o governor_n have_v encroach_v upon_o the_o right_n of_o their_o subject_n and_o enslave_v they_o since_o the_o people_n of_o england_n enjoy_v the_o largest_n freedom_n and_o best_a government_n in_o the_o world_n and_o since_o by_o navigation_n and_o letter_n there_o be_v a_o great_a commerce_n and_o a_o general_n acquaintance_n among_o mankind_n by_o which_o the_o law_n and_o the_o liberty_n of_o all_o nation_n be_v know_v those_o that_o be_v oppress_v and_o enslave_v may_v probable_o remove_v and_o become_v the_o subject_n of_o england_n and_o if_o the_o subject_n increase_v the_o ship_n excise_n and_o custom_n which_o be_v the_o strength_n and_o revenue_n of_o the_o kingdom_n will_v in_o proportion_n increase_v which_o may_v be_v so_o great_a in_o a_o short_a time_n not_o only_o to_o preserve_v its_o ancient_a sovereignty_n over_o the_o narrow_a sea_n but_o to_o extend_v its_o dominion_n over_o all_o the_o great_a ocean_n a_o empire_n not_o less_o glorious_a &_o of_o a_o much_o large_a extent_n than_o either_o alexander_n or_o caesar_n of_o the_o chief_a cause_n that_o promote_v trade_n the_o chief_a cause_n that_o promote_v trade_n not_o to_o mention_v good_a government_n peace_n and_o situation_n with_o other_o advantage_n be_v industry_n in_o the_o poor_a and_o liberality_n in_o the_o rich_a liberality_n be_v the_o free_a usage_n of_o all_o those_o thing_n that_o be_v make_v by_o the_o industry_n of_o the_o poor_a for_o the_o use_v of_o the_o body_n and_o mind_n it_o relate_v chief_o to_o man_n self_n but_o do_v not_o hinder_v he_o from_o be_v liberal_a to_o other_o the_o two_o extreme_n to_o this_o virtue_n be_v prodigality_n and_o covetousness_n prodigality_n be_v a_o vice_n that_o be_v prejudicial_a to_o the_o man_n but_o not_o to_o trade_n it_o be_v live_v a_o pace_n and_o spend_v that_o in_o a_o year_n that_o shall_v last_v all_o his_o life_n covetousness_n be_v a_o vice_n prejudicial_a both_o to_o man_n &_o trade_n it_o starve_v the_o man_n and_o break_v the_o trader_n and_o by_o the_o same_o way_n the_o covetous_a man_n think_v he_o grow_v rich_a he_o grow_v poor_a for_o by_o not_o consume_v the_o good_n that_o be_v provide_v for_o man_n use_n there_o arise_v a_o dead_a stock_n call_v plenty_n and_o the_o value_n of_o those_o good_n fall_v and_o the_o covetous_a man_n estate_n whether_o in_o land_n or_o money_n become_v less_o worth_a and_o a_o conspiracy_n of_o the_o rich_a man_n to_o be_v covetous_a and_o not_o spend_v will_v be_v as_o dangerous_a to_o a_o trade_n state_n as_o a_o foreign_a war_n for_o though_o they_o themselves_o get_v nothing_o by_o their_o covetousness_n nor_o grow_v the_o rich_a yet_o they_o will_v make_v the_o nation_n poor_a and_o the_o government_n great_a loser_n in_o the_o custom_n and_o excise_n that_o arise_v from_o expense_n liberality_n ought_v chief_o to_o be_v exercise_v in_o a_o equal_a division_n of_o the_o expense_n among_o those_o thing_n that_o relate_v to_o food_n clothes_n and_o lodging_n according_a to_o the_o portion_n or_o station_n that_o be_v allot_v to_o every_o man_n with_o some_o allowance_n for_o the_o more_o refine_a pleasure_n of_o the_o mind_n with_o such_o distribution_n as_o may_v please_v both_o sect_n of_o philosopher_n platonist_n and_o epicurean_o the_o belly_n must_v not_o be_v starve_v to_o clothe_v the_o backpart_n those_o expense_n that_o most_o promote_v trade_n be_v in_o clothes_n and_o lodging_n in_o adorn_v the_o body_n and_o the_o house_n there_o be_v a_o thousand_o trader_n employ_v in_o clothing_n and_o deck_v the_o body_n and_o building_n and_o furnish_v of_o house_n for_o one_o that_o be_v employ_v in_o provide_v food_n belong_v to_o clothes_n be_v fashion_n which_o be_v the_o shape_n or_o form_n of_o apparel_n in_o some_o place_n it_o be_v fix_v and_o certain_a as_o all_o over_o asia_n and_o in_o spain_n but_o in_o france_n england_n and_o other_o place_n the_o dress_n alter_v fashion_v or_o the_o alteration_n of_o dress_n be_v a_o great_a promoter_n of_o trade_n because_o it_o occasion_n the_o expense_n of_o clothes_n before_o the_o old_a one_o be_v wear_v out_o it_o be_v the_o spirit_n and_o life_n of_o trade_n it_o make_v a_o circulation_n and_o give_v a_o value_n by_o turn_v to_o all_o sort_n of_o commodity_n keep_v the_o great_a body_n of_o trade_n in_o motion_n it_o be_v a_o invention_n to_o dress_v a_o man_n as_o if_o he_o live_v in_o a_o perpetual_a spring_n he_o never_o see_v the_o autumn_n of_o his_o clothes_n the_o follow_v of_o the_o fashion_n be_v a_o respect_n pay_v to_o the_o prince_n and_o his_o court_n by_o approve_v his_o choice_n in_o the_o shape_n of_o the_o dress_n it_o lie_v under_o a_o ill_a name_n among_o many_o grave_a and_o sober_a people_n but_o without_o any_o just_a cause_n for_o those_o that_o exclaim_v against_o the_o vanity_n of_o the_o new_a fashion_n and_o at_o the_o same_o time_n commend_v the_o decency_n of_o the_o old_a one_o forget_v that_o that_o every_o old_a fashion_n be_v once_o new_a and_o then_o the_o same_o argument_n may_v have_v be_v use_v against_o it_o and_o if_o a_o indian_a or_o stranger_n that_o never_o see_v any_o person_n clothe_v before_o be_v to_o be_v judge_n of_o the_o controversy_n and_o be_v to_o determine_v upon_o see_v at_o the_o same_o time_n a_o well_o drest-courtier_n in_o the_o new_a fashion_n and_o another_o in_o the_o old_a which_o be_v account_v decent_a and_o a_o three_o in_o the_o robe_n of_o a_o officer_n which_o by_o common_a esteem_n have_v a_o reverence_n it_o will_v be_v two_o to_o one_o against_o any_o one_o of_o the_o grave_a fashion_n for_o it_o be_v only_a use_n and_o custom_n by_o which_o habit_n become_v grave_a and_o decent_a and_o not_o any_o particular_a conveniency_n in_o the_o shape_n for_o if_o conveniency_n be_v the_o rule_n of_o commendation_n there_o will_v arise_v a_o question_n not_o easy_o to_o be_v determine_v whether_o the_o spanish_a garb_n make_v straight_o to_o the_o body_n or_o the_o loose_a habit_n of_o the_o turk_n be_v to_o be_v choose_v and_o therefore_o since_o all_o habit_n be_v equal_o handsome_a and_o hard_o to_o know_v which_o be_v most_o convenient_a the_o promote_a of_o new_a fashion_n aught_o to_o be_v encourage_v because_o it_o provide_v a_o livelihood_n for_o a_o great_a part_n of_o mankind_n the_o next_o expense_n that_o chief_o promote_v trade_n be_v building_n which_o be_v natural_a to_o mankind_n be_v the_o make_n of_o a_o nest_n or_o place_n for_o his_o birth_n it_o be_v the_o most_o proper_a and_o vible_a distinction_n of_o riches_n and_o greatness_n because_o the_o expense_n be_v too_o great_a for_o mean_a person_n to_o follow_v it_o be_v a_o pleasure_n fit_a to_o entertain_v prince_n for_o a_o
magnificent_a structure_n do_v best_a represent_v the_o majesty_n of_o the_o person_n that_o live_v in_o it_o and_o be_v the_o most_o last_a and_o true_a history_n of_o the_o greatness_n of_o his_o person_n building_n be_v the_o chief_a promoter_n of_o trade_n it_o employ_v a_o great_a number_n of_o trade_n and_o people_n than_o feed_v or_o clothing_n the_o artificer_n that_o belong_v to_o building_n such_o as_o bricklayer_n carpenter_n plasterer_n etc._n etc._n employ_v many_o hand_n those_o that_o make_v the_o material_n for_o building_n such_o as_o brick_n lyme_n tyle_n etc._n etc._n employ_v more_o and_o with_o those_o that_o furnish_v the_o house_n such_o as_o vpholsterer_n pewterer_n &_o e._n they_o be_v almost_o innumerable_a in_o holland_n where_o trade_n have_v make_v the_o inhabitant_n very_o rich_a it_o be_v the_o care_n of_o the_o government_n to_o encourage_v the_o builder_n and_o at_o the_o charge_n of_o the_o state_n the_o graft_n and_o street_n be_v make_v and_o at_o amsterdam_n they_o have_v three_o time_n at_o great_a expense_n throw_v down_o the_o wall_n of_o their_o city_n and_o drein_v the_o bog_n to_o make_v room_n for_o the_o builder_n for_o house_n be_v the_o place_n where_o the_o artificer_n make_v their_o good_n and_o merchant_n sell_v they_o and_o without_o new_a house_n the_o trade_n and_o inhabitant_n can_v not_o increase_v beside_o there_o be_v another_o great_a advantage_n to_o trade_n by_o enlarge_n of_o city_n the_o two_o beneficial_a expense_n of_o clothing_n and_o lodging_n be_v increase_v man_n be_v natural_o ambitious_a the_o live_v together_o occasion_n emulation_n which_o be_v see_v by_o out-vying_a one_o another_o in_o apparel_n equipage_n and_o furniture_n of_o the_o house_n whereas_o if_o a_o man_n live_v solitary_n alone_o his_o chief_a expense_n will_v be_v food_n it_o be_v from_o this_o very_a custom_n if_o the_o gentry_n of_o france_n live_v in_o city_n with_o the_o invention_n of_o fashion_n that_o france_n though_o a_o country_n no_o way_n fit_v for_o trade_n have_v so_o great_a a_o share_n of_o it_o it_o be_v from_o fashion_n in_o clothes_n and_o live_v in_o city_n that_o the_o king_n of_o france_n revenue_n be_v so_o great_a by_o which_o he_o be_v become_v troublesome_a to_o his_o neighbour_n and_o will_v always_o be_v so_o while_o he_o can_v preserve_v peace_n within_o his_o own_o country_n by_o which_o those_o fountain_n of_o riches_n may_v run_v interrupt_v into_o his_o exchequer_n of_o the_o chief_a cause_n of_o the_o decay_n of_o trade_n in_o england_n and_o fall_v of_o the_o rent_n of_o land_n the_o two_o chief_a cause_n of_o the_o decay_n of_o trade_n be_v the_o many_o prohibition_n and_o high_a interest_n the_o prohibition_n of_o trade_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o its_o decay_n for_o all_o foreign_a ware_n be_v bring_v in_o by_o the_o exchange_n of_o the_o native_a so_o that_o the_o prohibit_v of_o any_o foreign_a commodity_n do_v hinder_v the_o make_v and_o exportation_n of_o so_o much_o of_o the_o native_a as_o use_v to_o be_v make_v and_o exchange_v for_o it_o the_o artificer_n and_o merchant_n that_o deal_v in_o such_o good_n lose_v their_o trade_n and_o the_o profit_n that_o be_v gain_v by_o such_o trade_n and_o lay_v out_o among_o other_o trader_n be_v lose_v the_o native_a stock_n for_o want_n of_o such_o exportation_n fall_v in_o value_n and_o the_o rent_n of_o the_o land_n must_v fall_v with_o the_o value_n of_o the_o stock_n the_o common_a argument_n for_o the_o prohibit_v foreign_a commodity_n be_v that_o the_o bring_v in_o and_o consume_v such_o foreign_a ware_n hinder_v the_o making_n and_o consume_v the_o like_a sort_n of_o good_n of_o our_o own_o native_a make_n and_o growth_n therefore_o flanders-lace_n french_a hat_n glove_n silk_n westphalia-bacon_n etc._n etc._n be_v prohibit_v because_o it_o be_v suppose_v they_o hinder_v the_o consumption_n of_o english-lace_n glove_n hat_n silk_n bacon_n etc._n etc._n but_o this_o be_v a_o mistake_a reason_n and_o arise_v by_o not_o consider_v what_o it_o be_v that_o occasion_n trade_n it_o be_v not_o necessity_n that_o cause_v the_o consumption_n nature_n may_v be_v satisfy_v with_o little_a but_o it_o be_v the_o want_n of_o the_o mind_n fashion_v and_o desire_v of_o novelty_n and_o thing_n scarce_o that_o cause_v trade_n a_o person_n may_v have_v english-lace_n glove_n or_o silk_n as_o much_o as_o he_o want_v and_o will_v buy_v no_o more_o such_o and_o yet_o lay_v out_o his_o money_n on_o a_o point_n of_o venice_n jessimine-glove_n or_o french-silk_n he_o may_v desire_v to_o eat_v westphalia_n bacon_n when_o he_o will_v not_o english_a so_o that_o the_o prohibition_n of_o foreign_a ware_n do_v not_o necessary_o cause_v a_o great_a consumption_n of_o the_o like_a sort_n of_o english_a beside_o there_o be_v the_o same_o want_n of_o the_o mind_n in_o foreigner_n as_o in_o the_o english_a they_o desire_v novelty_n they_o value_v english-cloth_n hat_n and_o glove_n and_o foreign_a good_n more_o than_o their_o native_a make_n so_o that_o though_o the_o wear_v or_o consume_v of_o foreign_a thing_n may_v lessen_v the_o consume_v of_o the_o same_o sort_n in_o england_n yet_o there_o may_v not_o be_v a_o lesser_a quantity_n make_v and_o if_o the_o same_o quantity_n be_v make_v it_o be_v a_o great_a advantage_n to_o the_o nation_n if_o they_o be_v consume_v in_o foreign_a country_n than_o at_o home_o because_o the_o charge_n and_o employ_v of_o the_o freight_n be_v gain_v by_o it_o which_o in_o bulky_a good_n may_v be_v a_o four_o part_n of_o the_o whole_a value_n the_o particular_a trade_n that_o expect_v a_o advantage_n by_o such_o prohibition_n be_v often_o mistake_v for_o if_o the_o use_v of_o most_o commodity_n depend_v upon_o fashion_n which_o often_o alter_v the_o use_v of_o those_o good_n cease_v as_o to_o instance_n suppose_v a_o law_n to_o prohibit_v cane-chair_n it_o will_v not_o necessary_o follow_v that_o those_o that_o make_v turkey-work_a chair_n will_v have_v a_o better_a trade_n for_o the_o fashion_n may_v introduce_v wooden_a leather_n or_o silk_n chair_n which_o be_v already_o in_o use_n among_o the_o gentry_n the_o cane-chair_n be_v grow_v too_o cheap_a and_o common_a or_o else_o they_o may_v lay_v aside_o the_o use_n of_o all_o chair_n introduce_v the_o custom_n of_o lie_v upon_o carpet_n the_o ancient_a roman_a fashion_n still_o in_o use_n among_o the_o turk_n persian_n and_o all_o the_o eastern_a prince_n last_o if_o the_o suppress_v or_o prohibit_v of_o some_o sort_n of_o good_n shall_v prove_v a_o advantage_n to_o the_o trader_n and_o increase_v the_o consumption_n of_o the_o same_o sort_n of_o our_o native_a commodity_n yet_o it_o may_v prove_v a_o loss_n to_o the_o nation_n for_o the_o advantage_n to_o the_o nation_n from_o trade_n be_v from_o the_o custom_n and_o from_o those_o good_n that_o employ_v most_o hand_n so_o that_o though_o the_o prohibition_n may_v increase_v as_o the_o consumption_n of_o the_o like_a sort_n of_o the_o native_a yet_o if_o it_o shall_v obstruct_v the_o transport_v of_o other_o good_n which_o be_v exchange_v for_o they_o that_o pay_v more_o custom_n freight_n or_o lmploy_v more_o hand_n in_o make_v the_o nation_n will_v be_v a_o loser_n by_o the_o prohibition_n as_o to_o instance_n if_o tobacco_n or_o woollen-cloth_n be_v use_v to_o exchange_n for_o westphaly-bacon_n the_o nation_n lose_v by_o the_o prohibition_n though_o it_o shall_v increase_v the_o consumption_n of_o english-bacon_n because_o the_o first_o pay_v more_o freight_n and_o custom_n and_o the_o latter_a employ_v more_o hand_n by_o this_o ruse_n it_o appear_v that_o the_o prohibit_v of_o all_o unwrought_a good_n such_o as_o raw_a silk_n cotton_n flax_n etc._n etc._n and_o all_o bulky_a good_n such_o as_o wine_n oil_n fruit_n etc._n etc._n will_v be_v a_o loss_n to_o the_o nation_n because_o nothing_o can_v be_v send_v in_o exchange_n that_o employ_v few_o hand_n than_o the_o first_o or_o pay_v great_a freight_n than_o the_o latter_a it_o do_v not_o alter_v the_o case_n if_o the_o balance_n of_o the_o account_n or_o all_o the_o foreign_a good_n be_v buy_v by_o silver_n or_o gold_n for_o silver_n and_o gold_n be_v foreign_a commodity_n pay_v but_o little_a freight_n and_o employ_v but_o few_o hand_n in_o the_o work_v and_o be_v at_o first_o bring_v into_o england_n by_o the_o exchange_n of_o some_o native_a good_n and_o have_v pay_v for_o their_o come_n hither_o must_v pay_v for_o the_o carriage_n out_o it_o be_v true_a that_o if_o our_o serge_n stuff_n or_o cloth_n be_v exchange_v for_o unmanufactured_a good_n it_o will_v be_v a_o great_a advantage_n to_o the_o nation_n because_o of_o the_o difference_n in_o number_n of_o hand_n in_o the_o make_n of_o the_o first_o and_o the_o late_a but_o all_o trade_n country_n study_v their_o advantage_n by_o trade_n and_o know_v the_o difference_n of_o the_o
of_o plenty_n and_o scarcity_n and_o there_o be_v more_o farmer_n undo_v by_o year_n of_o great_a plenty_n than_o recover_v themselves_o in_o year_n of_o scarcity_n for_o when_o the_o price_n be_v very_o low_a the_o crop_n do_v not_o pay_v the_o charge_n of_o sow_v farm_a and_o carry_v to_o market_n and_o when_o it_o be_v dear_a it_o do_v not_o fall_v to_o all_o man_n fortune_n that_o be_v loser_n by_o plenty_n to_o have_v a_o crop_n now_o if_o interest_n be_v at_o three_o per_fw-la cent._n corn_n and_o wool_n in_o year_n of_o great_a plenty_n will_v be_v buy_v and_o lay_v up_o to_o be_v sell_v in_o year_n of_o scarcity_n the_o buy_v in_o year_n of_o plenty_n will_v keep_v the_o price_n from_o fall_v too_o low_a and_o the_o sell_v in_o year_n of_o scarcity_n will_v prevent_v it_o from_o rise_v too_o high_a by_o this_o mean_n a_o moderate_a price_n be_v best_o upon_o corn_n and_o wool_n the_o farmer_n stock_n and_o rent_n of_o the_o land_n will_v be_v more_o certain_a but_o now_o holland_n be_v the_o great_a magazine_n of_o corn_n man_n will_v lay_v up_o any_o considerable_a quantity_n in_o england_n at_o six_o per_fw-la cent._n when_o he_o may_v always_o buy_v as_o much_o as_o he_o want_v that_o be_v lay_v up_o at_o three_o per_fw-la cent._n and_o may_v bring_v it_o from_o thence_o as_o soon_o and_o as_o cheap_a into_o any_o part_n of_o england_n as_o if_o it_o be_v lay_v up_o here_o three_o if_o interest_n be_v at_o three_o per_fw-la cent._n the_o land_n of_o england_n will_v be_v worht_v from_o thirty_o six_o to_o forty_o year_n purchase_v for_o interest_n set_v the_o price_n in_o the_o buy_v and_o sell_v of_o land_n the_o bring_v down_o of_o interest_n will_v not_o alter_v the_o value_n of_o other_o ware_n for_o the_o value_n of_o all_o ware_n arrive_v from_o their_o use_n and_o the_o dearness_n and_o cheapness_n of_o they_o from_o their_o plenty_n and_o scarcity_n nor_o will_v it_o make_v money_n more_o scarce_o for_o if_o the_o law_n allow_v no_o more_o interest_n than_o three_o per_fw-la cent._n they_o that_o live_v upon_o it_o must_v lend_v at_o that_o rate_n or_o have_v no_o interest_n for_o they_o can_v put_v it_o forth_o any_o where_o else_o to_o better_a advantage_n but_o if_o it_o be_v suppose_v that_o it_o may_v make_v money_n scarce_o and_o that_o it_o may_v be_v a_o prejudice_n to_o the_o government_n who_o want_v the_o advance_n of_o the_o money_n it_o may_v be_v provide_v for_o by_o a_o clause_n that_o all_o that_o lend_v money_n to_o the_o king_n shall_v have_v 6_o l._n per_fw-la cent._n such_o advantage_n will_v make_v all_o man_n lend_v to_o the_o government_n and_o the_o king_n will_v save_v two_o per_fw-la cent._n by_o such_o a_o law_n the_o seem_a prejudice_n from_o such_o a_o law_n be_v it_o will_v lessen_v the_o the_o revenue_n of_o those_o who_o live_v upon_o interest_n but_o this_o will_v not_o be_v a_o general_n prejudice_n for_o many_o of_o those_o person_n have_v land_n as_o well_o as_o money_n and_o will_v get_v as_o much_o by_o the_o rise_n of_o one_o as_o the_o by_o the_o fall_n of_o the_o other_o beside_o many_o of_o they_o be_v person_n that_o live_v thrifty_o and_o much_o within_o the_o compass_n of_o their_o estate_n and_o therefore_o will_v not_o want_v it_o but_o in_o opinion_n they_o have_v have_v a_o long_a time_n the_o advantage_n of_o the_o borrower_n for_o the_o land_n yield_v but_o 4_o l._n per_fw-la cent._n and_o the_o interest_n be_v at_o 6_o l._n per_fw-la cent._n a_o new_a debt_n be_v every_o year_n contract_v of_o 2_o l._n per_fw-la cent._n more_o than_o the_o value_n of_o the_o debt_n in_o land_n will_v pay_v which_o have_v devour_v many_o a_o good_a farm_n and_o eat_v up_o the_o estate_n of_o many_o of_o the_o ancient_a gentry_n of_o england_n moses_n that_o wise_a lawgiver_n who_o design_v that_o the_o land_n divide_v among_o the_o jew_n shall_v continue_v in_o their_o family_n forbid_v the_o jew_n to_o pay_v interest_n well_o know_v that_o the_o merchant_n of_o tyre_n who_o be_v to_o be_v their_o near_a neighbour_n will_v by_o lend_v money_n at_o interest_n at_o last_o get_v their_o land_n and_o that_o this_o seem_v to_o be_v the_o reason_n be_v plain_a for_o the_o jew_n may_v take_v interest_n of_o stranger_n but_o not_o pay_v for_o by_o take_v interest_n they_o can_v not_o lose_v their_o estate_n the_o lawyer_n have_v invent_v entail_v to_o preserve_v estate_n in_o family_n and_o the_o bring_v down_o of_o interest_n to_o three_o per_fw-la cent._n will_v much_o help_n to_o continue_v it_o because_o the_o estate_n be_v raise_v to_o double_a the_o value_n will_v require_v double_a the_o time_n after_o the_o same_o proportion_n of_o expense_n to_o consume_v it_o in_o the_o raise_v the_o value_n of_o land_n at_o this_o time_n seem_v most_o necessary_a when_o the_o nation_n be_v engage_v in_o such_o a_o chargeable_a war_n for_o the_o land_n be_v the_o fund_z that_o must_v support_v and_o preserve_v the_o government_n and_o the_o tax_n will_v be_v lesser_a and_o easy_o pay_v for_o they_o will_v not_o be_v so_o great_a for_o 3_o sh_n in_o the_o pound_n be_v now_o 133½_n part_v of_o every_o man_n estate_n in_o land_n reckon_v at_o twenty_o year_n purchase_n but_o if_o the_o value_n of_o the_o land_n be_v double_v it_o will_v be_v the_o 226_o part_n of_o the_o land_n which_o may_v be_v much_o easy_o bear_v campinella_n who_o write_v a_o 100_o year_n since_o upon_o consider_v of_o the_o great_a tract_n of_o the_o land_n of_o france_n say_v that_o if_o ever_o it_o be_v unite_v under_o one_o prince_n it_o will_v produce_v so_o great_a a_o revenue_n it_o may_v give_v law_n to_o all_o europe_n the_o effect_n of_o this_o calculation_n i_o since_o see_v by_o the_o attempt_v of_o thy_o present_a king_n of_o france_n and_o therefore_o since_o england_n be_v a_o island_n and_o the_o number_n of_o acre_n can_v be_v in_o crease_v it_o seem_v absolute_o necessary_a that_o the_o value_n of_o they_o shall_v be_v raise_v to_o defend_v the_o nation_n against_o such_o a_o powerful_a force_n it_o will_v be_v some_o recompense_n to_o the_o gentry_n who_o land_n must_v bear_v the_o burden_n of_o the_o war_n to_o have_v the_o value_n of_o their_o estate_n raise_v which_o be_v the_o fund_z and_o support_v of_o the_o government_n be_v a_o great_a advantage_n to_o the_o whole_a nation_n and_o it_o be_v the_o great_a because_o it_o do_v not_o disturb_v lessen_v nor_o alter_v the_o value_n of_o any_o thing_n else_o finis_fw-la
the_o more_o temperate_a climate_n produce_v much_o the_o same_o sort_n of_o commoditys_n but_o by_o difference_n of_o the_o quality_n or_o conveniency_n of_o place_n where_o they_o abound_v they_o become_v the_o staple_n of_o each_o country_n where_o they_o be_v either_o best_a or_o easy_a acquire_v or_o exchange_v thus_o herring_n and_o other_o fish_n be_v the_o staple_n of_o holland_n the_o dutch_a live_v among_o the_o water_n be_v most_o natural_o incline_v to_o fish_v english_a wool_n be_v the_o best_a in_o the_o world_n be_v the_o staple_n of_o england_n for_o the_o same_o reason_n oil_n of_o italy_n fruit_n of_o spain_n wine_n of_o france_n with_o several_a other_o sort_n of_o commoditys_n be_v the_o staple_n of_o their_o several_a country_n staple_n commodity_n may_v be_v divide_v into_o native_a or_o foreign_a the_o native_a staple_n be_v what_o each_o country_n do_v natural_o and_o best_o produce_v foreign_a staple_n be_v any_o foreign_a commodity_n which_o a_o country_n acquire_v by_o the_o sole_a trade_n to_o a_o foreign_a place_n or_o sole_a possession_n of_o a_o particular_a art_n as_o spice_n be_v the_o staple_n of_o holland_n and_o the_o make_n of_o glass_n and_o paper_n be_v the_o staple_n of_o venice_n from_o the_o stock_n or_o ware_n of_o trade_n these_o three_o thing_n be_v observable_a 1._o the_o native_a staple_n of_o each_o country_n be_v the_o riches_n of_o the_o country_n and_o be_v perpetual_a and_o never_o to_o be_v consume_v beast_n of_o the_o earth_n fowl_n of_o the_o air_n and_o fish_n of_o the_o sea_n naturally_n increase_v there_o be_v every_o year_n a_o new_a spring_n and_o autumn_n which_o produce_v a_o new_a stock_n of_o plant_n and_o fruit_n and_o the_o mineral_n of_o the_o earth_n be_v unexhaustable_a and_o if_o the_o natural_a stock_n be_v infinite_a the_o artificial_a stock_n that_o be_v make_v of_o the_o natural_a must_v be_v infinite_a as_o woollen_a and_o linen_n cloth_n calico_n and_o wrought_v silk_n which_o be_v make_v of_o flax_n wool_n cotton_n and_o raw_a silk_n this_o show_v a_o mistake_n of_o mr._n munn_n in_o his_o discourse_n of_o trade_n who_o commend_v parsimony_n frugality_n and_o sumptuary_n law_n as_o the_o mean_n to_o make_v a_o nation_n rich_a and_o use_v a_o argument_n from_o a_o simile_n suppose_v a_o man_n to_o have_v 1000_o l_o per_fw-la annum_fw-la and_o 2000_o l._n in_o a_o chest_n and_o spend_v yearly_o 1500_o l._n per_fw-la annum_fw-la he_o will_v in_o four_o year_n time_n waste_v his_o 2000_o l._n this_o be_v true_a of_o a_o person_n but_o not_o of_o a_o nation_n because_o his_o estate_n be_v finite_a but_o the_o stock_n of_o a_o nation_n infinite_a and_o can_v never_o be_v consume_v for_o what_o be_v infinite_a can_v neither_o receive_v addition_n by_o parsimony_n nor_o suffer_v diminution_n by_o prodigality_n 2._o the_o native_a staple_n of_o each_o country_n be_v the_o foundation_n of_o it_o s_o foreign_a trade_n and_o no_o nation_n have_v any_o foreign_a commodity_n but_o what_o be_v at_o first_o bring_v in_o by_o the_o exchange_n of_o the_o native_a for_o at_o the_o first_o beginning_n of_o foreign_a trade_n a_o nation_n have_v nothing_o else_o to_o exchange_n the_o silver_n &_o gold_n from_o spain_n the_o silk_n from_o turkey_n oil_n from_o italy_n wine_n from_o france_n and_o all_o other_o foreign_a good_n be_v bring_v into_o england_n by_o the_o exchange_n of_o the_o english_a cloth_n or_o some_o other_o staple_n of_o england_n 3._o that_o foreign_a staple_n be_v uncertain_a wealth_n some_o country_n by_o the_o sole_a trade_n to_o another_o country_n or_o by_o the_o sole_a possession_n of_o some_o art_n gain_v a_o staple_n of_o foreign_a commodity_n which_o may_v be_v as_o profitable_a as_o the_o native_a so_o long_o as_o they_o enjoy_v the_o sole_a possession_n of_o that_o trade_n or_o art_n but_o that_o be_v uncertain_a for_o other_o nation_n find_v out_o the_o way_n of_o trade_n to_o the_o same_o place_n the_o artist_n for_o advantage_n travel_v into_o other_o country_n and_o the_o art_n be_v discover_v thus_o portugal_n have_v the_o sole_a trade_n of_o india_n afterward_o the_o venetian_n get_v a_o great_a share_n of_o the_o trade_n and_o now_o the_o dutch_a and_o english_a have_v a_o great_a share_n than_o both_o the_o art_n of_o make_v several_a sort_n of_o silk_n be_v chief_o confine_v to_o genoa_n &_o naples_n afterward_o travel_v into_o france_n since_o into_o england_n and_o holland_n and_o be_v now_o practise_v there_o in_o as_o great_a perfection_n as_o they_o be_v in_o italy_n so_o have_v other_o art_n wander_v as_o the_o make_n of_o looking-glass_n from_o venice_n into_o england_n the_o make_n of_o paper_n from_o venice_n into_o france_n and_o holland_n of_o the_o quantity_n and_o quality_n of_o ware_n the_o quantity_n of_o all_o ware_n be_v know_v by_o weight_n or_o measure_n the_o reason_n of_o gravity_n be_v not_o understand_v neither_o be_v it_o material_a to_o this_o purpose_n whether_o it_o proceed_v from_o the_o elastisity_n of_o the_o air_n or_o weight_n of_o the_o utmost_a spheer_n or_o from_o what_o other_o cause_n its_o sufficient_a that_o the_o way_n of_o try_v the_o weight_n of_o body_n be_v perfect_o discover_v by_o the_o balance_n there_o be_v two_o sort_n of_o weight_n in_o common_a use_n the_o troy_n and_o averdupois_n the_o first_o be_v use_v to_o weigh_v good_n of_o most_o value_n as_o gold_n silver_n and_o silk_n etc._n etc._n the_o latter_a for_o coarse_a and_o more_o bulky_a good_n as_o lead_v iron_n etc._n etc._n there_o be_v two_o sort_n of_o measure_n the_o one_o for_o fluid_a body_n as_o the_o bushel_n gallon_n and_o quart_n for_o measure_v corn_n wine_n and_o oil_n the_o other_o for_o the_o measure_v the_o dimension_n of_o solid_a body_n as_o a_o yard_n ell_n etc._n etc._n to_o measure_n cloth_n silk_n etc._n etc._n the_o weight_n and_o measure_n of_o all_o country_n differ_v but_o that_o be_v no_o prejudice_n to_o trade_n they_o be_v all_o make_v certain_a by_o the_o custom_n or_o law_n of_o the_o place_n and_o the_o trader_n know_v the_o weight_n or_o measure_n in_o use_n in_o the_o place_n he_o deal_v to_o it_o be_v the_o care_n of_o the_o government_n to_o prevent_v and_o punish_v the_o fraud_n of_o false_a weight_n and_o measure_n and_o in_o most_o trading-city_n there_o be_v public_a weigh-house_n and_o measurer_n the_o fraud_n of_o the_o balance_n which_o be_v from_o the_o unequal_a length_n of_o the_o end_n of_o the_o beam_n be_v least_o perceivable_a and_o therefore_o in_o weigh_v good_n of_o value_n they_o usual_o weigh_v they_o in_o both_o scale_n the_o quality_n of_o ware_n be_v know_v by_o their_o colour_n sound_v smell_v taste_v make_v or_o shape_n the_o difference_n in_o the_o quality_n of_o ware_n be_v very_o difficult_o distinguish_v those_o organ_n that_o be_v the_o proper_a judge_n of_o those_o difference_n do_v very_o much_o disagree_v some_o man_n have_v clear_a eye_n some_o more_o distinguish_a ear_n and_o other_o nice_a nose_n and_o taste_n and_o every_o man_n have_v a_o good_a opinion_n of_o his_o own_o faculty_n it_o be_v hard_o to_o find_v a_o judge_n to_o determine_v which_o be_v best_a beside_o those_o quality_n that_o belong_v to_o artificial_a ware_n such_o as_o depend_v upon_o the_o mixture_n make_v or_o shape_n of_o they_o be_v more_o difficult_o discover_v those_o ware_n who_o quality_n be_v produce_v by_o the_o just_a mixture_n of_o different_a body_n such_o as_o knife_n and_o razor_n who_o sharpness_n arise_v from_o the_o good_a temperament_n and_o mixture_n of_o the_o steel_n &_o iron_n be_v not_o to_o be_v find_v out_o but_o by_o the_o use_n of_o they_o and_o so_o do_v the_o mixture_n and_o well_o make_v of_o hat_n cloth_n and_o many_o other_o thing_n because_o the_o difference_n in_o the_o quality_n of_o ware_n be_v so_o difficult_o understand_v it_o be_v that_o the_o trader_n serve_v a_o apprenticeship_n to_o learn_v they_o and_o the_o knowledge_n of_o they_o be_v call_v the_o mystery_n of_o trade_n and_o in_o common_a deal_v the_o buyer_n be_v force_v to_o rely_v on_o the_o skill_n and_o honesty_n of_o the_o seller_n to_o deliver_v ware_n with_o such_o quality_n as_o he_o affirm_v they_o to_o have_v it_o be_v the_o seller_n interest_n from_o the_o expectation_n of_o further_a deal_v not_o to_o deceive_v because_o his_o shop_n the_o place_n of_o deal_v be_v know_v therefore_o those_o person_n that_o buy_v of_o pedlar_n and_o wander_v people_n run_v great_a hazard_n of_o be_v cheat_v those_o ware_n who_o chief_a quality_n consist_v in_o shape_n such_o as_o all_o wear_v apparel_n do_v not_o so_o much_o depend_v upon_o the_o honesty_n of_o the_o seller_n for_o though_o the_o trader_n or_o maker_n be_v the_o inventor_n of_o the_o shape_n yet_o it_o be_v the_o fancy_n and_o approbation_n of_o the_o buyer_n that_o