Selected quad for the lemma: england_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
england_n	france_n	king_n	time_n	18,531	5	4.0048	3	true

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A27210	The present state of the universe, or, An account of I. The rise, births, names, matches, children, and near allies of all the present chief princes of the world, II. Their coats of arms, motto's, devises, liveries, religions, and languages, III. The names of their chief towns, with some computation of the houses and inhabitants ... IV. Their revenues to which are added some other curious remarks, as also an account of common-wealths, relating to the foregoing heads.	Beaumont, John, d. 1731.	1694 (1694)	Wing B1623; ESTC R13456	71,782	106

29. 1671. 3. Ernestus-Augustus born Sept. 17. 1674. 4. Sophia-Charlotta born Octob. 20. 1668. and married to Frederick the Third the present Elector of Brandenburg Octob. 16. 1684. by whom he has had two Princes but only one living viz. Frederick-William born Aug. 4. 1688. The other Princes and Princesses that are Roman Catholicks I. ANna Maria the present Duchess of Savoy Daughter to the Duke of Orleans by Henrietta-Maria youngest Daughter of Charles I. born Aug. 27. 1669. Her Children 1. Maria-Adelheid or Adetherd born Dec. 6. 1685. 2. Another Princess born Aug. 30. 1688. II. ELizabeth-Charlotta the present Duchess of Orleans Daughter to Charles-Lewis Elector Palatine Her Children 1. Philip Duke of Chartres born Aug. 2. 1631. 2. Elizabeth Charlotte Mademoiselle de Chartres born Sept. 13. 1676. III. ANN the present Princess of Conde Daughter to Edward Prince Palatine of the Rhine and Grandchild to the King of Bohemia born July 23. 1647. Her Children 1. Maria-Teresa de Bourbon born 1666. 2. Lewis de Bourbon Duke D'Enghien born 1668. 3. Maria Anna de Monmorency born 1675. 4. Anna Maria-Victoria D'Enghien born 1676. 5. Aloisia Benedicta de Conde born 1678. IV. TWO Daughters of Benedicta-Henrietta-Philippina Duchess of Hanover Daughter to Edward Count Palatine and Grandchild to the King of Bohemia 1. Charlotta-Felicitas born March 8. 1671. 2. Welhelmina-Amalia born Apr. 26. 1673 The Princes of the House of Nassau are to be found in the Genealogies of the Princes of the Empire II. The Sovereign Ensigns Armorial of the King of England are as follows In the first place he bears Azure three Flower de Luces Or for the Regal Arms of France quartered with the Imperial Ensigns of England which are Gules three Lions Passant Guardant in Pale Or. In the second place within a double Tressure Counter-flowred-de-Lys Or a Lion Rampant Gules for the Regal Arms of Scotland In the third place Azure an Irish Harp Or stringed Argent for the Royal Ensigns of Ireland In the fourth place as in the first all within the Garter the chief Ensign of that most honourable Order on which is written this Motto Honi soit qui mal y pense Above the same an Helmet answering to his Majesties Sovereign Jurisdiction upon the same a rich Mantle of Cloth of Gold doubled Ermine adorn'd with an Imperial Crown and Surmounted for a Crest by a Lion Passant Guardant Crown'd with the Like supported by a Lion Guardant Or Crown'd as the former and an Unicorn Argent Gorg'd with a Crown thereto a Chain affixt passing betwixt his forelegs and reflexed over his Back Or both standing on a Compartment plac'd underneath and in the Table of the Compartment is his Majesties Royal Motto Dieu mon Droit King William as Earl of Nassau bears Quarterly 1. Azure a Lion Or armed Gules 2. Or a Lion Leopard Gules armed and crown'd Azure 3. Gules a Fesse Argent 4. Gules two Leopards Or armed and membred as the first As Prince of Orange he bears Quarterly 1. Gules a Bend Or. 2. An Hunters Horn Azure stringed Gules The third as c. over all an Escutcheon of Pretence Checquy Or and Azure More briefly thus quarterly Chalons and Aurange under an Escutcheon of Geneva His Motto is Je maintiendray His Majesties Livery is a Red Colour before his coming to the Crown it was blew He Professes the Protestant Religion according to the Church of England and uses now the English Language Note that as Charles the Fifth who came to the Crown of France An. 1364. was the first who in his Fathers life time was stiled the Dolphin So Edward the Second Son of Edward the First King of England was the first Prince of Wales so created An. 1300 to gratifie the Welchmen his Father Edward the First having slain in Battel Leoline the last of the Welsh Princes and united Wales to the Crown of England And perhaps it was in imitation of this that the Donor of Dolphine would have the eldest Son of France stiled the Dolphin The Title of Prince of Wales in the eldest Son of England having preceeded the other for many years The particular Cognizance of a Prince of Wales is a Plumb of Feathers with this Motto Ich-Dien that is I serve III. London seated on the famous navigable River Thames is the Capital City of England and the undoubted most famous Emporium and for ought appears the greatest and most considerable City of the Universe For as to Pequin in China the only City to be brought in competition which by some is imagined to be greater we have no account of it fit to reason upon The late ingenious Sir William Petty having critically examined the capaciousness and populosity of London and its other advantages and compared them with the other chief Cities of Europe according to what accounts could be gotten of them has accurately made out the following particulars viz. that there are contained in London 696000 Inhabitants and 105315 Houses Paris 488000 and 23223 Houses Amsterdam 187000 Venice 134000 Rome 125000 Dublin 69000 and 6400 Houses Bristol 48000 and 5307 Houses Rouen 66000 and about a third bigger than Bristol Lyons 100000   Tholouse 90000   From the foregoing particulars he makes the following Observations 1. That the people of Paris Rome and Rouen make but 679000 or 19000 less than the 696000 of London alone 2. That the people of the two English Emporiums viz. London and Bristol make 744000 or more than Paris Amsterdam and Rouen these being in all but 741000. 3. That the same two English Cities seem equivalent to Paris Rouen Lyons Thoulose these making in all but 744000. 4. That the King of Englands three Cities viz. London Dublin and Bristol containing 813000 people exceed Paris Amsterdam and Venice containg 809000 people 5. That of the four great Emporiums London Amsterdam Venice and Rouen London alone is near double to the other three viz. above 7 to 4. for the other three make but 387000 London 696000. Sir William Petty farther makes out that the people of London are as many as those of Holland in their twenty eight walled Cities and Towns and in their Dorps and Villages or at least above two thirds of the same He compares London with Paris in several particulars in all which he shews London to exceed the other viz. 1. In the goodness of the Hospitals 2. In the cleanly and more convenient way of living 3. In the richness of the People the number of the Servants and greatness of Equipage 4. In the preference of the River Thames to the River Seine both in pleasantness and navigableness the wholesomness of its water and the Bridge of London being the most considerable of all Europe 5. In the shipping and Foreign Trade London therein incomparably exceeding both Paris and Rouen the City of Bristol appearing by good estimate of its Trade and Customs as considerable as Rouen 6. In the richness of the Lawyers Chambers those of Londen being worth 140000 l. Sterling

de Blois born An. 1681. These six were born him by Frances Athanasia de Roche Chovart Gabriel Prince de Mortemars Daughter and Wife to Henry-Lewis Paidallan Marquess of Montespan The French King has only one Brother viz. Philip Duke of Orleans born Sept. 1. An. 1640. He espoused for his first Wife the Princess Henrietta-Maria youngest Daughter to our late King Charles the First She was born at Exeter Jun. 16. 1644 and died An. 1670. He had by her four Children viz. 1. Maria-Aloisia born March 27. 1662. and married Nov. 17. 1679. to Charles the Second King of Spain She died without Issue by him An. 1689. 2. Philip who died an Infant 3. Another Daughter not named 4. Anna-Maria born Aug. 27. 1669. and Apr. 9. 1684. married to Victor Amadeus the Second the present Duke of Savoy The next year after the forementioned Duchess of Orleans died An. 1671. The Duke married Elizabeth Charlotta Daughter to Charles-Lewis Elector Palatine who was born in May 1652. The Espousals were celebrated at Metz Nov. 26. of the said year he has Issue by her 1. Philip Duke of Chartres born Aug. 2. 1671. 2. Elizabetha-Charlotta Mademoiselle de Chartres born Sept. 13. 1676. The Princes of the Blood BEing to name the Princes of the Blood I shall shew withal how they are descended and allied to the King of France Robert the Fifth Count of Clermont and Lord of Bourbon youngest Son to King Lewis the Ninth as mentioned before was the person in whom the Line of Hugh Capet is continued in the Crown of France Charles Duke of Vendôme lineally descended from him was born An. 1489. And left among other Children two Sons viz. Anthony the eldest who was Duke of Vendôme and King of Navarr Great Grandfather to the present King of France 2. Lewis Prince of Conde Great Grandfather to the present Prince of Conde Henry-Julius de Bourbon born Jul. 29. 1643. formerly stiled Duke D'Enghien and now since his Fathers death Prince of Conde He was married Dec. 11. 1667. to the Princess Anne Daughter to Edward Prince Palatine of the Rhine who was born July 23. 1647. and is since deceased but he has by her the following Issue 1. Maria-Teresa Mademoiselle de Bourbon born 1666. 2. Lewis de Bourbon Duke D'Enghien born 1668. and married 1685. to Aloisia-Frances Natural Daughter to the King of France by Madam de Montespan who was born 1673. 3. Maria-Anna Mademoiselle de Monmorency born 1675. 4. Anna-Maria Victoria Mademoiselle D'Enghien born 1676. 5. Aloisia-Benedicta Mademoiselle de Conde born 1678. The Prince of Conde had also a Brother viz. Armand Prince de Conti born 1629. married to Anna-Maria de Monmorency Cardinal Mazarines Neice by the Sister 1659. Deceased 1666 leaving behind him two Sons viz. 1. Lewis de Bourbon Prince of Conti born 1661. and in 1680 he married Anna-Maria de Bourbon the Kings Natural Daughter by Madam de la Valiere who was made Legitimate He died without Issue An. 1685. 2. Francis-Lewis de Bourbon the now Prince of Conti born 1664 or 8. Besides these Princes of the Blood the King has also three Cousin Germans living Daughters to his Uncle Gaston-John-Baptist late Duke of Orleans 1. Anna-Maria Duchess of Montpensier born An. 1627. unmarried 2. Margarita-Aloisia born An. 1645. and married An. 1661. to Cosmus the Third Great Duke of Tuscany 3. Isabella born An. 1649 and married An. 1667. to Joseph-Lewis Duke of Guise She is now a Widow Note That tho this King of France be but the twenty sixth King inclusively of the Line of Hugh Capet yet he is the sixty first King of France for there preeceded twenty one Kings of the Race of Merovius and thirteen Kings of the Race of Charlemagne before the Line of Hugh Capet came in II. For Arms he bears Azure three Flower de Luces Or two in Chief and one in Base the Escutcheon is environed with the Collars of the Orders of S. Michael and the Holy Ghost It has for Crest an Helmet Or entirely open thereon a Crown Clos'd after the manner of an Imperial Crown with eight Inarched Rayes topt with a double Flower de Luce. The Supporters are two Angels habited as Levites the whole under a Pavilion Royal semè of France lin'd Ermines with these words Ex omnibus floribus elegi mihi Lilium Lilia neque laborant neque nent These words The Lilies do not Spin as a late French Writer tells us import that the Flower de Luces which represent the Crown of France never fall to the Distaff and that the Female Sex cannot inherit according to the Salique Law The same Custom having prevailed among the Chaldeans Egyptians Persians Chineses Turks Tartars and Parthians tho the Daughters have sometimes succeeded in England Spain Sicily Sueden c. The King of France pretending likewise a right to Navarre bears also for that Kingdom Gules a Carbuncle noued Or which having a resemblance to Chains of Gold is Blazon'd by some Chains of Gold Interlac'd parted into Orbes Pales Fesses Counterbands or Saltiers The King of France's Device is Consiliis Armisque Potens or also this Nec pluribus Impar Note That the Arms of France in the days of Pharamond and his three Successors were Gules three Crowns Or. Clovis the Great altered them to Azure semè of Flower de Luces Or and Charles the Sixth who came to the Crown An. 1380 reduc'd the Lilies in his Coat of Arms to three The Kings Livery is of a blew colour He professes the Roman Religion and uses the French Language III. Paris is the Capital City of France which has the pleasant River Seine running thro the midst of it I shall speak concerning the extent and number of the Houses and Inhabitants of this and other Cities when I come to speak of London wherefore I shall pass by these things at present As for his chief Seats of pleasure the chief is that noble Seat at Versailles four Leagues South of Paris of which there being a full and clear description extant in English as also of the Seat of Monsieur at S. Clou and of the Treasury of S. Denis I shall say nothing here of them He has also the noble Seats of Fontainbleau and S. Germains beside the Louvre at Paris celebrated by that famous Distich Non Orbis Gentem non Urbem Gens habet ullam Urbsve domum Dominum nec habet ulla parem 4. The Revenues of the King of France are said to amount to eleven millions of Pounds Sterling being above the fifth part of the Revenues of that Kingdom and the French averr France to contain fifty thousand Parishes The House of England I. WIlliam Duke of Normandy surnamed the Conqueror under the pretence that King Edward the Confessor his Cousin who died without Issue An. 1065. Son of King Ethelred by his Queen Emma had by his last Will and Testament transferred the Kingdom to him made a Descent into England An. 1067. and having slain King Harold in Battle the then

usurping King there after King Edwards death was by the unanimous consent of the Peerage of England Crowned King Now when King William the Conqueror's youngest Son Henry upon the death of his elder Brother William the Second who had succeeded his Father in the Kingdom came to the Crown which was An 1087. He married Matilda or Maud Daughter of Malcolm the Third King of Scotland by Margaret the Sister of Edgar Atheling right Heir of Edward the Confessor as being descended from King Edmund Ironside half Brother to King Edward the Confessor by their common Father King Ethelred and Grandfather to the abovenamed Edgar Atheling and Margaret And the said King Henry the First had by his Wife Matilda or Maud a Son who was cast away at Sea and a Daughter named Maud also the only Legitimate Issue that survived him born An. 1104. She was married first to the Emperour Henry the Fourth who had no Issue by her and after his death to Geoffry Plantagenet Earl of Anjou by whom she had a Son nam'd Henry the Second Now King Henry the First his Son being dead seeing this Daughter his only Legitimate Issue call'd a Parliament An. 1133. in which all the Lords of the Land took an Oath to be true to his Daughter Maud the Empress and her Heirs and acknowledge them as right Inheritors of the Crown And tho Stephen Earl of Bologne and Montagne Son of Stephen Earl of Blois by Adela third Daughter of the Conquerour was set up to the Crown by the working of Henry his Brother Bishop of Winchester after the death of King Henry the First against the undoubted right of the said Empress yet at length seeing his Children dead before him he secur'd the Succession to her Son Henry the Second who was Crown'd An. 1155. And from this Henry the Second in whom the Saxon Line was restored is Descended James the Second of the Royal House of the Stuarts late King of Great Britain France and Ireland c. who was born Oct. 14. 1633. His Majesty Espoused for his first Wife the Lady Ann Daughter to the late Edward Earl of Clarendon Lord Chancellor of England c. She died before he came to the Crown and brought him Issue four Sons and four Daughters but all dying young except two surviving Daughters The eldest is the Lady Mary born Apr. 30. 1662. and was married to William Henry Prince of Orange in London at S. James's Nov. 14. 1677. The said Prince being born on the 14. of the same month New Stile 1650 and restor'd to his Hereditary Dignity in the United Provinces An. 1672. concerning whom I shall say more beneath The second is the Lady Ann born Feb. 6 1664. And July 28. 1683. was Espoused to George Prince of Denmark only Brother to the present King of that Kingdom he was born An. 1653. or 1. he has had Issue by his Princess 1. William Duke of Gloucester born in July 1689. and three Children more viz. the Lady Mary the Lady Ann and another Princess who died in their Infancy His Majesty Nov. 21. 1673. took for his second Wife the Lady Mary-Eleanor-Beatrix D'Este late Queen of England still living who was born Sept. 25. 1658. being youngest Sister to Francisco D'Este the present Duke of Modena and Regio c. She was Crowned with his Majesty April 23. 1685. And his Majesty has had by her two Daughters and a Son who all died young before the year 1688. And as some say he has had a Son and a Daughter by her since still living Their Majesties reside at present at S. Germains in France and profess the Roman Religion His Majesty has Natural Issue by Madam Churchil two Sons and two Daughters all living in France The Sons go by the name of Fitz-James The eldest is Duke of Berwick the youngest is stiled Grand Prior of Ireland The eldest Daughter was married to the late Lord Waldegrave by whom he has Issue two Sons The other Daughter is unmarried Now as for William Henry of Nassaw Prince of Orange and now stiled William the Third King of Great Britain c. who married the Lady Mary eldest Daughter to King James as above They were Proclaim'd King and Queen of England France and Ireland the Executive Power in him Feb. 14. 1689. Proclaim'd King and Queen of Scotland April 11. of the same year His Majesty has as yet no Issue by his Queen Now as to the Rise of the House of Nassaw and Orange as it concerns King William I shall not seek to retrieve its Original but its certain it flourisht in the ninth Century and I shall only take notice that from Walram and Otto Sons of Henry surnam'd the Rich Earl of Nassau sprang two Capital Lines viz. that of Idstein afterwards call'd Sarepont from Walram and that of Dillenburg which now enjoys the Principality from Otto and therefore we shall confine ourselves singly to this Now John the Third who was the eighth of his Family Lineally descended from the said Otto inclusively had two Sons viz. Henry and William the Elder Henry was born An. 148● and from him the Principality of Orange Descended to King William As for William the Elder Brother to Henry he had a Son call'd John who dwelt in the Castle of Dillenburg and had twenty five Children of whom I shall note only four viz. John George Ernestus-Casimire and John-Lewis for from them sprang the several Lines of Siegen Dillenburg Diezen and Hademar on each of which the Emperour Ferdinand the Third in the Diet of Ratisbone March 3. 1654. conferr'd the honour of having a Voice and Seat among the Princes of the Empire As for a farther Genealogical account of these Families it may be had elsewhere To the Royal Family of England I must add Donna Catharina Infanta of Portugal Queen Dowager of England born at Villa Vicosa in Portugal Nov. 14. Old Stile An. 1638. and Espoused at Portsmouth by his late Majesty King Charles the Second in the month of May An. 1662. She being only Sister to Don Pedro of the House of Braganza the present King of that Kingdom She resides at present at Lisbon in Portugal Her original Jointure some settled by King Charles was 40000 l. per annum to which considerable additions have been since made Their Majesties have two Uncles living in England viz. the Earls of Clarendon and Rochester The Princes and Princesses of the Blood Royal of England that are not excluded from the Succession of the Crown by the late Act of Parliament I. PRincess Ann of Denmark afore mention'd II. The Duke of Glocester of whom also see before III. Sophia Duchess of Hanover Daughter to Frederick the Fifth Elector and King of Bohemia Married to the Duke An. 1658. Her Children 1. George-Lewis born May 28. 1660. Who Nov. 1. 1682. Married Sophia-Dorothea only Daughter to the Duke of Zel by whom he has 1. George-Augustus born Oct. 30. 1683. 2. William-Ernestus born An. 1685. 2. Christian born Sept.

7. In the wholesomness of the Air. 8. In the cheapness and less stowage of Fuel 9. In the cheapness of all the most necessary sorts of Food and the greater variety and plenty of all sorts of Drinks 10. In the Churches nothing at Paris being so great as S. Pauls has been and is like to be nor so beautiful as King Henry the Seventh's Chapel As to the ground upon which Paris stands in respect of London he says Paris is said to be an Oval of three English Miles long and 2½ broad the Area whereof contains but 5½ square Miles Now tho London measured from Lime house to the end of Tuttlestreet from East to West is above seven Miles and an half and from the farthest end of Blackmanstreet in Southwark to the end of S. Leonard Shoreditch is 2500 Geometrical paces or two Miles and an half yet he says upon a Medium London is seven Miles long and 1¼ broad which makes an Area of near nine square Miles which proportion of 5½ to nine differs little from that of 13 to 23. It s worthy of Observation that before the Restauration of Monarchy in England An. 1660. the people of Paris were more than those of London and Dublin put together whereas now the people of London are more than those of Paris Rome and Rouen The foremention'd Author also makes out by a rational computation that Rome in Nero's time seems not to have been above half as big again as London now is and that now London is near six times as great as the present Rome wherein are 119000 souls besides Jews which he computes at 6000. I know not whether Edinburg the Metropolis of Scotland may deserve noting It s extended from East to West on a rising ground a Mile in length or somewhat more and it s about three Miles in compass The Houses are generally six or seven Stories high and it s greatly peopled according to its bigness several Families living in each House His Majesties chief Seats of pleasure in England are Windsor Castle and Hampton-Court IV. The Revenues settled on the late King Charles the Second by Parliament on his Restauration were 120000 l. per annum which since has been considerably augmented so that his present Majesty has near two millions per annum And we know that in case of a War or the like as at present the Kings of England with a concurrence of their Parliaments are able to raise sums great enough to deal with any Prince or Potentate whatsoever HOLLAND KIng William being Great Stat Holder for Amsterdam I have thought fit to subjoin an account of Holland here I. The Seven Provinces which united themselves at Utrech An. 1579. are generally known by the name of Holland tho Zealand was the first Province which set it self at Liberty The motives which oblig'd these Provinces to depart from the Dominion of Spain were 1. Because Spanish Garrisons were kept in the Low Countries to the discontent of all the Orders 2. The Imposition of the tenth penny on all Merchandises 3. The fear of the Spanish Inquisition which enraged them it being more Politick than Christian for keeping in awe the Nobles and great Persons of the Country 4. The Infraction of their Priviledges 5. The cruelty of Ferdinando-Alvarez of Toledo Duke of Alba joyn'd with his haughtiness and contempt of Persons 6. The endeavours for an alteration of Religion Now the Princes of Orange of the House of Nassau have been the Councel Support and Glory of these Provinces As to the present Prince see England II. The States Arms are Or a Lion Gules holding with one Paw a Cutleas and with the other a bundle of seven Arrows closely bound together by allusion to the seven Confederate Provinces with this Motto Concordia res parvae crescunt The States Livery is of a red colour They profess the Protestant Religion according to the Doctrine of Calvin and use the Low Dutch Tongue III. Amsterdam is the most considerable City of all Holland the Houses are generally built of Brick and it s built on Piles like Venice As to what proportion in bigness this City bears to London I have no exact account but upon comparing the Bills of Mortality in both the Burials of the latter vastly exceed those of the former For An. 1685. the Burials of London were 23222. and those of Amsterdam 6245. From whence and the difference of Air its probable that the people of London are quadruple to those of Amsterdam Dr. Brown having taken a view of this City in his Travels before London was rebuilt gives this handsom account of it Amsterdam for Riches Trade Shipping fair Streets and pleasant Habitations scarce yields to any other City of the World it s seated on the River Ye An. 1470 it was wall'd about with a Brick Wall to defend it against the Citizens of Utrecht The Arms of it are three Crosses on a Pale with an Imperial Crown over all the last given them by Maximilian the Emperour Of late years this City is mightily increaced and encompast with a new Wall and fortified after the modern way And the whole Town being in a low marshy ground the water is let in thro all the considerable Streets and its all built upon Piles or high Firr-Trees driven down perpendicularly so close together that nothing can be forc'd in betwixt them This supports the greatest buildings where no bottom is For the Foundation of one Tower or Steeple alone there were ramm'd into the ground 6334 great Trees The Town House is the noblest building in all these Countries a Pile of free Stone one hundred and ten paces in Front larger than the magnificent Church of S. Peters at Rome and eighty one paces deep or on the sides On the top of it stands Atlas or Columbus holding a Globe on his Shoulders made of Copper of about ten Foot diameter which is as large perhaps as any Globe or Ball whatsoever imploy'd in this Ornamental use The Draw-Bridges at Amsterdam part in the middle and a Vessel tho under Sail may pass them without the help of any one on shore for the Mast Head or break water of the Ship bearing against the Bridge in the middle opens it So far Dr. Brown Harlem also in Holland is a Town of a large extent and the Hague is one of the fairest Villages in Europe it containing above four thousand Houses It s remarkable that the whole compass of the Province of Holland is but one hundred and eighty Miles no part thereof being distant from the Sea above three hours journey and yet it contains twenty three wall'd Towns and four hundred Villages From the Steeple of the Town of Gorcham in this Province a man may behold twenty two wall'd Towns beside a great number of Villages And the Town of Utrech situate within the Province of that name is so miraculously seated among wall'd Towns that a man may go from thence in one day to any of fifty wall'd Towns

they assemble separately the Catholicks take for the place of their Congress Lucern and the Protestants Arau on the River Aur. All the Cantons are as many Republicks which are Govern'd by their Burgomasters or Avoiers their Government being Democratical The Cantons which have no Towns call their Magistrates Landanes instead of Burgomasters The Switzers have several Towns and States confederate with them viz. The Abbot and Town of S. Gal. Four Bishops viz. of Sion Basil Constance and Croired The Towns of Neuchatel Valengen Nuenberg Biel Geneva Mulhausen in Alsatia Rotwel in Suabia beyond the Danube They have also many Prefectures that is such little Parcels and Additaments as have accrued to their State and are subject to their Authority either by Gift Purchase or Chance of War The Principal Prefecture is the Town of Baden taking its name from the Baths there and is the place of meeting for the Councel of State of all the Confederates The Grizons also are Confederate with the Switzers and of those there are three Divisions I. The Grey League so call'd because the Inhabitants wear a Grey Scarf 2. The League of the House of God so call'd because it was the proper Patrimony of the Bishop and Church of Chur. 3. The League of the Ten Commonalties All these Confederates are able on occasion readily to set forth an Army of sixty thousand Men. The Republick of Geneva I. THIS Republick professes Calvinism An. 1679. Mass was said in the City of Geneva with leave at the House of Sieur Chauvigny the French Kings Resident there which had not been done since the year 1535. That Calvinism was there Establisht by a Decree of the Senate II. Geneva gives for Arms Party Or and Gules the fi●st has a demy Eagle display'd Sable the second a Key Argent with this devise Post Tenebras Lux. The Romanists say the words are misplac'd and that it ought to be Post Lucem tenebra III. The City of Geneva is situate on the Lake Lemanus the River Rhone passing thro the lower part of it The buildings are fair and of Freestone the Compass of the whole City being about two Miles in which there are suppos'd to be about 16 or 17000 souls Munster calls it Mirae voluptatis Urbem It s allied with the Protestant Cantons of Switzerland and in two or three hours it advertises all the Canton of Bern to come to its succour with 50 or 60000 Men who may come on the Lake a day after the Signal which consists in lighted Torches set from Tower to Tower It s Govern'd by twenty five Senators who follow the written Law Beside this Councel of twenty five they have one of sixty and another of two hundred POLAND I. POland from the year 694 that Lochus of Croatia was the first Duke has been Govern'd by Dukes Palatines Kings and Dukes again till the year 1295 that Primislaus surnam'd Posthumus Duke of Posna again assum'd the name of King which continued ever since to his Successors of the same Family till the year 1574. Henry Duke of Anjou Son to Henry the Second King of France was chosen on the death of Sigismund-Augustus who was the first Stranger to the Blood John the Third of the Illustrious Family of Sobieski is the present King of Poland c. Elected King March 20. 1674. being before Senator Grand Marshal and Generalissimo of the Armies of the Crown he made his solemn entrance at Cracow Jan. 3. 1676. and was crown'd there on the second of February following by the Bishop of that place call'd Olzaski He married before his coming to the Crown a French Lady nam'd Maria Casimire de la Grange Daughter to Henry de la Grange Knight Marquess of Arquien Lord of Beaumont Master of the Camp of a Regiment of Cavalry and Captain Colonel of the hundred Switzers of the Guard of the late Monsieur Duke of Orleans This Princess was crown'd on the same day with her Husband and has brought him many Children 1. Prince James born An. _____ and An. 1691. he married Hedewig-Elizabetha-Amalia youngest Daughter save one to Philip-William Duke of Neuburg and Elector Palatine 2. Prince Alexander born about the year 70. 3. John born An. _____ 4. Casimire born An. _____ 5. Leopold born An. _____ 6. The Princess Louise Adelaia born Oct. 3. 1677. held at the Font of Baptism by the Palatine of Russia for his late Majesty Charles the Second King of Great Britain c. This Princess was Baptised with the Water of the River Jordan whereof the King her Father just before her birth had been presented with a Pot full as also with many other rarities from Asia II. As King of Poland he bears Quarterly In the First and Fourth Gules an Eagle Argent crown'd membred and becked Or for Poland In the Second and Third Gules a Cavalier arm'd Argent holding a Sword with the Right Hand of the same and a Shied Azure in the Left charg'd with a Cross Or with double Cross-Barrs his Horse barded Azure and nail'd Or for Lithuania On the whole Azure a Buckler Or for Sobieski For a Crest a Crown rais'd with eight small Flowers and clos'd with eight Semicircles terminating in a Mond Or which is the Crest of Poland The Shield environ'd with the Orders of France The general Motto of the Kings of Poland is Habent sua sydera Reges His Livery is of a Blew Colour He professes the Roman Religion but Greeks Protestants and other Sects are there tolerated He uses the Poland Longuage wich is a Dialect of the Sclavonian III. Warsaw seated on the River Vistula is most frequented best traded and the Capital City of the Kingdom honour'd for the most part with the Kings Court the holding of all Publick business of Peace and War Cracow seated on the same River is little inferiour to the former the Buildings here being fairer than elsewhere in Poland of Freestone and four Stories high but for the most part cover'd with Shingles or Tiles of Wood. IV. The Revenues of this King are computed to be 600000 Crowns per annum drawn chiefly out of Salt-works near Cracow and from Mines of Copper Lead Tin and Silver from the fishing Trade in Prussia and the Tribute of the Jews His Daughters are provided for at the Publick Charge and for the most part the expence of his Houshold defray'd In time of War he is inabled by the Diets to lay Impositions and Taxes on the people In Poland it s an affront to call a Man Cossack as in Italy Calabrian in Germany Switzer in Spain Galician in Sueden Finlander in France Norman in England Welchman c. Russia or Moscovy I. THE first Great Duke of Moscovy who shook off the Tartarian bondage was nam'd John who Reign'd about the year 1500. Since him the Government has gone partly by Election and partly by Succession The last Elected was Michael Fredrowitz Son of Theodore the Patriarch of Mosco and Grandfather to the present Czars He was Elected An.