Selected quad for the lemma: england_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
england_n	france_n	king_n	normandy_n	7,734	5	11.5949	5	true

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A88649	Englands command on the seas, or, The English seas guarded. Wherein is proved that as the Venetians, Portugals, Spaniards, French, Danes, Polands, Turks, the Duke of Tuscany, and the popes of Rome have dominion on their seas; so the Common-wealth of England hath on our seas. : Wherein the Dutch unjust procuration and prosecution of war against England is also described.	Lupton, Donald, d. 1676.	1653 (1653)	Wing L3489; ESTC R180274	19,641	117

such who have asked leave to passe or repasse our seas such was the leave and safe guard granted to Ferrando Vrtis of Sarrachon a Spaniard to sayl from the Port of London through and by our Kingdomes Territories and Dominions to Rochel Rot. Franc. 5. Hen. 4. Membr 11. Jan. 5. And Charls the 6. King of France sending to Robert the third King of Scotland about entring into League with him got leave first for free and safe passage from King Henry through his Dominions Territories and possessions by sea and Land it seems by these that England kept the Government of the seas without controll then and why not now But remarkable is that story how in the Reign of Qu. Elisabeth the Kings of Denmark and Sweden too as also the Hans-towns did often and earnestly sollicite and petition her that shee would be pleased to give them leave to passe and repass Her seas so they counted them then to be that they might carry corn into Spain in that time while England and Spain were in war one with another She wisely did deny them but they thinking to steal thither without her leave were taken and made prize even as they were sailing into Lisbone 13. Jun. 1589. See this also in Thuanus lib. 95. Histor and when they complained of the Act of the Queen as unjust and against the Law of Nations and free Trade 't was answered that they should not have license or leave to cary arms or corn or any materialls serving to hold up the war but for other merchandises they should have as free leave as ever And when as they sent over into England their Agent Sebastian Van Bergen with Letters of Request that they might have free leave to Trade and carry any sort of provision into Spain they had this tart answer from the Queen and Councel if they durst do so they should be sure to be severely punished by her Majesties ships of warre and prize to bee made beside In Declar. Beg. 1589. And the like stout resolute answer was also given to the Danish Embassadours desiring solliciting for the same Anno 1597. And who knows not but John King of Sweden desired leave of the same Queen to carry merchandise to Spain but what need he ask the reason is rendred Necesse ei fore Maritimas Reginae ditiones pertransire that is he must of all necessity passe by the Queens Territories and Dominions in Bib. Cotton but of this sufficient the Dutch may be in due time brought to acknowledge as much they have done it to be sure and humbly too which follows next Leave to Fish upon our seas granted AS none durst violate our power to passe so much lesse durst any adventure to fish upon our seas without speciall leave and license so to do first obtained And first Henry the sixth the French King obtained so much favour that he had leave granted him to fish one whole year onely mark how though favoured yet limited sometimes 't was granted to him for six moneths onely and sometimes again he might fish when and where and as often as he pleased he had leave but first did modestly ask it did not any wayes abuse it this is found in the Rolls of France Hen. 6. reg yet they were so lookd to that they might not come with herring busses above thirty tun and that our men should no way be molested and that they should shew due obedience as they expected security and when they were bolder then welcome their ships were seised on And now to come to our Eastern seas and those that are Northeast did not the Hollanders and Zelanders in great numbers fish for heerring and other fish upon our Coast but 't is said first having obtained Leave from the Governour of our Castle of Scarborough according to ancient Custome What can be plainer did they and were they glad to ask leave and now will they take it and be their own carvers Camb. in Brit. p. 506. and it is not to be imagined sayes our Cambden what a masse of wealth the Hollanders and Zelanders get by having leave to fish upon our Coasts And so in the time of Queen Elisabeth an expert Writer sayes thus that the Hollanders Zelanders and those of Flanders come upon our Eastern Coast in the beginning of Summer with four or five hundred herring Busses to catch fish but 't is said that before they fish they ask leave first from the Governour of Scarborough Hanse in those times had some modesty See Hitchokes new years gift An. 1580. And King James forbad that they or any other stranger should fish upon our coasts except the Agents of such Countries residing in London had first obtained leave from the King Edict Jac. 6. Maii. So 't is manifest that those of Holland Zealand and Faiesland in Edward the 1. his reign had leave granted to them to fish and we did protect them also from danger and this to be near Yarmouth yet these Letters Pattents were not to be in force longer then to Saint Martins day behold their limitation as they had his Princely favour so they had likewse such a precise time set and allowed to them which if they exceeded they were to stand to his mercy or justice for remission or infliction of punishment Rot. Par. Ed. 1. Membran 5. And the Hollanders submission and intreaty to the said King shews that they would not could not durst not fish upon our seas before they had leave granted unto them from the said King witnesse those expressions of the King in that Case In tender favour and compassion we bear unto those of Holland and Zealand and to other neighbours we wil send out some of our men of war towards the Northern seas to safeguard and to protect their ships sent out to fish for herring and to secure and guard their Sea Coasts whilest they are fishing How now Landts-man or Dutchman what you were then not onely limited but also protected by Royal favour and not onely to fish but we defended your very sea Coasts during that time by our men of war you were not in those times it seems able to secure your selves or fish safe without our safeguarding you for if you had you would not so earnestly requested this favour at our hands and will you at present not defend us if wee stood in need of it which thanks be to God we do not but also fight us in our own bosoms and Channels how do these recorded favours of ours if there were no more towards you and unmeritted by you from us speak shame to your faces for requiting us with so much evil for so much good to your Progenitors and your selves too nay we had such undoubted power and and Right then on the seas that you were ordered what ships you should use and also what number should be imployed and durst not transgresse or disobey then nay indeed were glad you could have that favour and benefit by humble Request

under their Prince Alan and others and if any came in or departed without leave of the Prince or his Admiral there was then a publick confiscation of such ship or ships with their materialls and if they did suffer shipwrack that such Merchandise as could be recovered should he pillage but if they had leave to put out to sea then if any storm arose or if they did miscarry yet the goods that could be saved should belong to the Owner Bertrandns in Histor Brit. minor lib. 1. cap. 13. And nothing is more certain then in the League betwixt our Edward the fourth and Francis Duke of Bretaigne concerning commerce and Trading betwixt them it is confessed and indeed their own Civil Lawyers attest it that our King at that present was true Lord and Soveraign of those seas and this League was to continue for 30 years and though during the warres betwixt England and France the English did possesse themselves not onely of a great part of the land but also of the Sea as of those of Picardy Normandy and Gascony yet the war ending we know they not onely did rule and command those seas but the French theirs also so hold their Jurisdiction and Soveraignty of them at present so that what the French could not do being Conquered the English did do being Conquerors Nor will we omit those two constitutions or Ordinances the one of Henry the second the other of Henry the third An. 1555. 1584. by which 't is decreed that all ships of forreign Nations coming upon the French coasts should strike sail to the Kings ships and 't is said plainly in Imperii Marini Gallorum recognitionem that is in acknowledgement of the French Soveraignty over theit seas Of the Danes Norways Polanders and Turks WE have evident and experimentall testimony of those Nations how they hold up their Dominion in the seas as for the Danes and Norvegians their care in this is so strict that the very gains that come into their Treasury by Impost and Custome are the greatest of all others especially when they were inhansed and advanced as they were by Frederick the second King of Denmark and Norway towards our English Museovia Merchants 1583. that he made as much profit by the command of the Sound in the Baltick sea as he did by all his Land So that he got so much by the Dominion of his seas that the great Muscovite was glad to come to Composition with him or else he would as he might have done interdicted and hindred all Trade into or from Muscovy Their power has been so strict and great that it does appear in the Ancient Records of Denmark in the time of Harold Hildetane King of Denmark ne quisquam sine ejus nutu c. that none should dare or presume without his consent and good will usurp or take any profit on his seas because as 't is said his benefit and power came in and consisted by the sea as well as the Land Selden in mare clausum p. 80. Dan. Hist lib. 7. 'T is recorded how many Princes and Potentates King Olo did subdue and destroy by his power at sea And 't is certain that Adolphus Gustavus King of Sweden did renounce and disclaim all Right Dominion and superiority of the sea in Norway Northland and all other Kingly claims in Wardhuisen which did any way concern sea businesses and this was in the Reign of King James Jun. 1613. And for the Kings of Poland we have an evident Demonstration of their care to defend guard and secure their seas for when Henry the third King of France was elected by the States of Poland to be their K. his Lords Embassadors did promise for him that when he should enjoy the government of that Kingdome then he should suo sumptu Classem sufficientem necessariam sustentare ad tuendos portus dominium maris that is at his own Charges keep a necessary and sufficient Navy to defend those Haven Towns and uphold that Soveraignty of the seas which did belong unto that Kingdome of Poland Syntagm statutor lib. lib. 3. tit 1. fol. 109. Of the Turkish Soveraignty in his Seas THe Turks as they are the powerfullest Nation by Land so thy are not negligent to hold up their power by sea and therefore being possessed of Constantineple indeed almost of all these Greeks Empire except some few Islands which the Venetians hold up so that they stile themselves Lords of the black and white seas for so did Achmet the Turkish Emperour in his agreement with Henry rhe fourth King of France 47. years since which was publickly printed at Paris in which the Grand Seignieur doth give and grant to the French free fishing and to search for Corall in certain Bayes and Creeks of the seas upon the Affrick shore betwixt Algier and Tunis and this sufficiently shews if there was nothing else the Turks care and vigilancy to uphold his Jurisdiction of his seas Yet one more because 't is remarkable and true 't is known that the Turkish Emperor caused those two impregnable Castles called the Dardanels to be builded the one upon one side of the Hellespont and the other on the opposite shore in both which he hath planted great numbers of Canon and they are of exceeding bignes and command the respective Governours of them that se qua Navis that is if any ship should attempt to passe or repass against their wils that they should sink her forthwith which Custome he holds and continues to this very day Corolia Cappicus in bello Asiatic lib. 2. And it is for certain that twice a year the Turks set out Gallies with souldiers to scour the seas and to go from port to Port to demand subjection and obedience and some present or other to their Commanders from all who trade or are found in their Harbors or upon denyall to force them to it or sink them whereupon that memorable fight happened 'twixt two English ships and their Turkish Gallies sent out for the same purpose but the Captains of the English ships would neither strike sail nor yet send any present to them whereupon the Turks w th all their power assailed them the fight was gallantly maintained by the English but at last being overpowered with multitude and having not one gale of wind to come off they were both sunk and all the men killed and made slaves our Turkish merchants goods had much ado to be saved in Constantinople the ships belonged to Alderman Freeman after Lord Mayor of London the Captains name was Hugh Ellis of Limehouse or Wapping Of the Grand Duke of Tuscany c. THis great Dukedome though rich and fertile for all sorts of commodities yet the Prince keeps his Dominion of his seas how great are the Imposts and Customes of one of his Ports onely to wit that of Ligorn though there be many others yet one sayes plainly that Mare Adriaticum Venetiis Mare Ligusticum Genoensibus Tyrenum vero

evident in Rot. 72. penes Camerarios sacrarii And to this purpose likewise was Subsidy money granted in full Parliament in the time of Edward the third for to safe-guard the Realm and the Sea the Scotch borders Gascony and the Islands belonging to England this was then thought just and necessary not onely by the King and the Lords but also by the Parliament Rot. Parl. 13. Edw for they include the safety of the Land to bee by the able guarding of our seas and what is worth Observation 't is certain that in the Reign of Richard the second there was a cerrain Tax and Tribute laid upon any ship as well Merchants as Fishermen and not of our own onely but also upon any forreigner whatsoever that should passe upon our Northeast or North seas and this was imposed ad maris tutelam for the safety of the Seas Every ship according to the burthen or Tun paid a certain and set rate 6. d. except such onely who passed from Flanders to London or to Calice with Wooll or Hides Every fisherman paid 6. d. for the Tun weekly and to this end there were six stout men of war appointed and set out to sea Rot. Par. 2 Rich. part 2. Art 39. so all Colliers sailing from Newcastle and carrying Coals paid quarterly after the Rate of 6 d. the Tunne and not onely these but all other passengers for passing and repassing and specially such who fished if Forreigners Also in the Reign of Henry the sixth William La Poole Duke of Suffolk was accused in Parliament because he had not rightly imployed the Subsidy monies for and towards the tuition and safe keeping the seas Rot. Par. 28. Hen. 6. And in the 32. of his Reign there was a Subsidy granted of 40000 l. in tutelam Maris that is for the defence of the seas To shut up all who may not find in the Acts of Parliament as the 1. of Ed. 6. the first of Queen Mary the first of Queen Elisabeth and the first of King James that the Parliament allowed Subsidies for the defence of the Realm and safeguard of the seas and for enter-course of Trade and traffick and for Merchandises to come safe into or to be exported hence as also to hinder any for disturbing our Land by Invasion or our seas by Piracy what need all these have been so carefully prosecuted but onely to shew our Rights and lawful Jurisdiction upon our seas To proceed if we should shew the world the power and large Commissions given to our Lords High Admiralls of England they surely would evidence our Dominion at sea in vain had they been granted if not of Right or if not executed and to speak truth we find no mention of any sea-fights concerning our title none were so bold then or so unjust to challenge a Dominion or to usurp it on our Coasts other differences betwixt Kings and Princes caused wars often at Sea but not this one which now the insolent and injurious Dutch alone have raised to quarrel with us to satisfie all men we will render the form of the Commission of the Lord High Admirall of England as for many years it hath been granted forth Damus concedimus N. magni Admiralli nostri Angliae Hiberniae Walliae ac Dominiorum insularum eorundem To English it in part we give and grant to N. the Office of great Admirall of England Ireland and Wales and of our Dominions and Islands of the same but what power is included it is plain that as occasions were greater or lesse so his Commission was limited or extended even as far as to Calice and the Marches thereof and to those of Normandy Gascoyn and Picardy and therefore one Commission runs so that we have made appointed and ordained N. to be Lord High Admirall as aforesaid and do of our speciall grace and knowledge give and grant unto N. our great Admirall of all our Navies and seas aforesaid all and singular the Jurisdictions Authorities Liberties Offices Feodes Profits emoluments Shipwrecks c. as also all advantages commodities preheminences and priviledges whatsoever belonging or appertaining unto the said Office of our great Admiral of England and Ireland and of all other our foresaid Dominions and when he was invested with this Honor he was to use his utmost skill and power to put his Commission into execution but what did that concern to secure our seas to fight enemies to take Pirates to demand Customs and Sea Taxes to protect our Fishermen to hinder other people from fishing except leave was first granted to them and they had agreed to pay what was Imposed on them for their fishing and to this end the Admirall had power to divide his Navy some to the North seas some to the Eastern and some to the West and what did all this shew but that the English have and alwayes had an undoubted Right and Dominion in and over the seas That learned Antiquary Sir Hen. Spelman in his Glossary hath set down the names and the year of our Lord with the Kings that reigned respectively of all who have enjoyed that Office of Admiralty or keepers and Guarders of our seas time out of mind and it seems wonderfull that four such huge Navies should be managed and set forth to sea the least whereof consisted of one 1000 Sail. The first that bore the title of Admirall of all England was Richard the younger son of Alan Earl of Arundel and Surrey and this was conferred on him September 10. A. 10. Rich. 2. Hen. Spel. Gloss p 15. And that great Antiquary by diligent search and industry hath brought them down from Richard Lucy the first in the eighth year of Henry the third as well for the North seas as the VVest unto our times even unto the 6. of K. James For certain large was our Soveraignty at sea if we please to note two or three of the Lord Admiralls Titles to avoid tediousnesse for in the first of Edward 6. Thomas Seymor Knight Baron of Sudely Brother of Edward Duke of Somerset was Admirall of England Ireland Wales Calice Bulloign c. Feb. 17. And in the third of Edward the sixth John Dudly Earl of VVarwick Viscount Lisle Knight of the Garter Lord high Admirall of England VVales Calice Bulleign and the Marches of the same of Normandy Gascoyn and Picardy and chief Governour of our Navies and of all the feas And so Charls Howard Baron of Essingham his Titles go as high in the 27. of Elisabeth and as they had large Titles so had they as great force and ability to execute such Right Title as we have ●o the seas that they are stiled our seas and in the second of Edward the third they are called quatuor maria Angliae that is the four seas of England what an Ancient Honourable propriety is expressed and engraven in these words Next follows to shew our Dominion on the sea are Letters of Credence from our Princes in favour granted to

ANd first a generall decay of Trading and Merchandise which as it is one of the sinews of our Land so 't is as advantageous there 's none so ignorant but knows the inestimable benefit that our Nation alwayes hath had by forreign traffick how have thousands and ten thousands been enriched and made great by it what famous sea Captains and seamen hath it maintained alone what infinite summes of Treasure hath it brought into our land how doth it keep millions of people in honest labour and helps to the maintaining thousands of Families and for certain the decay of it alone will quickly be felt through the whole Land for this therefore if there was nothing else to incite all English men it behoves us to our utmost to keep up our power at sea Secondly Invasion by forreign foes to be feared especially at this present All our Neigbour Nations are up in Armes great Navies daily at sea we are the people that are the most hated and envyed and opposed how would the Dutch and Dane and Scots and Irish and French with others rejoyce to see us ruined by Invasion and certain it is our safety at Land consists in our power at sea what calamities and desolations would not an Invasion bring in with it all our just Rights and priviledges would be cancelled our Laws abrogated our Towns and Cities plundered and fired our Castles destroyed our Liberty lost our wives and children and our selves made slaves or butchered forthwith all our precious things devoured by strangers and enemies and therefore 't is good for us to maintain our forces and ships at sea liberally and willingly and we are all bound to crave Gods blessing and protection to be for ever with and over them That therefore the Hollanders and Zealanders basenesse and injustice may be unmasked and all good people of the Land satisfied and settled in their minds concerning our maintaining our war against them and any other who shall combine with them for there be thousands who mutter at the businesse and seem to bear affection to their cause though indeed without cause we wish them to consider these following Arguments against the Dutch fighting with us and for own seas The Dutch injustice and Ingratitude to Fight againstour Nation FIrst they begun the war and kindled the fire and blowed the first Coal They were the first Offendors so 't is just and fitting on our parts to repulse the injuries and Affronts offered us that this is true witnesse the barbarous and uncivill usage shewed to that ever Honorable Statseman the Lord Saint John when he was Ambassador from our State and resident at the Hague the harbouring and maintaining the publick Enemies of our State their common sending in Arms and all manner of warlike provision into Scotland and other places which were at war with England Adde to these their scandalous seditious pamphlets and books allowed to be printted in the disparagement of our State and Nation These things are but some of those many but these are all too true Secondly as the Dutch began the war so as they conceived they took the advantage of the time also intending to surprise us before we could have been in a ready posture to receive them and for certain had not our State been prudent to foresee their craftinesse and our Marriners and Land Souldiers as ready and willing to furnish our ships forthwith they might have effected more on a sudden upon us then now they are able but to come to a period we give our Countreymen a hint onely 3. Thirdly as they were crafty to cull out the time so they show themselves as Ingratefull to set against us their neighbors their friends their old and trusty friends their conservators both of life and liberty of wives children towns and all whatsoever at present they have and what we did for them 't was freely and throughly performed witnes that famous battell of Newport when as all the Dutch did run the field and all the Scots were kill'd nay the Prince of Orange wept and gave all for lost and was run a ship-board and when the Spaniards called openly Victoria victoria sancta Cruz. sancta Maria yet all this while though Sir Francis Veere that Renowned Commander was also shot and could not give direction yet that religious and valorous Brother of his Sir Horatio Veere with the English Regiments kept the field and fought it out to the utter overthrow of all the Spanish Army according to that Song composed upon that battle In Flanders once the field was fought With 40000. men at least The Scotchmen stoutly held it out The Dutchmen shew'd themselves like beasts For most men say all ran away Couragious call'd our English men But if that we had not set them free Judge in what case they had been then We spend our blood to do them good And help their Countrey to defend They pawn their Towns for English Crowns Which our good Queen to them did lend What can they now though so swel'd w th pride say to this certainly we have deserved better from them but what can be expected from such Borish people But such ungratefull returns Fourthly as they begun and now and against us so they are as Injurious to fight with us upon this occasion for defending our own goods our own just Rights our freedome and sea priviledges which do not in any the least manner belong unto them 't is true they have been many years proling and attempting but now they take open arms to infest us Fifthly not by themselves alone but by solliciting other Nations to help them as if it were not enough for themselves to do Injury except they fetch in other Confederates to make us if they can miserable to the utmost and to this purpose they send their Agents to France to Denmark to Sweden to Germany with horrible and false Suggestions and Informations against this Common-wealth of England the sooner to incite them to fight against us of this Nation and if possible utterly to ruine us But we leave them knowing that as their beginning of war was simply unjust so the end of it will prove as miserable and destructive to the Prosecutors of it O Dutch Hollander remember we say remember what wil do in the end thereof take one line more With pride they are so puft and blown That ev'ry bore's becom a State Their former life is no more known But forget what we did of late They boast and say we must away Ev'n home unto our Native Land But ere 6. year we greatly fear They 'l wish that we did by them stand But to conclude our subject we may assuredly say that perit quodfacis Ingrato Save a thief frō the gallows and hee 'l be the first to do you a mischief for certain 't is that these Dutch ever since the coming in of King James to the Crown of England have been the spunges of Englands Treasure have bin the people above all others who have decryed and vilified our Nation in all the East and Southern parts of the world and not onely so but have fomented occasions of quarrels and raised scandalous jealousies of our Nation towards them and upon meere false informations have rigorously nay barbarously proceeded to the murthering our Merchants and Factors where-ever they could lay hands upon them before ever they gave the least intimation of the crimes committed to our State or indeed before and fault was really per petrated by our Nation to them in those parts And wee cannot think their intentions to be altered from what they were we shall be sure to find them worse against us now if they obtain that which they have been long endevouring viz. The Dominion of the seas and therefore Brave England have a care thy seas to defend Thou needst not fear whether Dutch be thy foe or friend FINIS