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england_n france_n king_n kingdom_n 14,965 5 6.1241 4 true
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ID Title Author Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication) STC Words Pages
A88898 England described: or The several counties & shires thereof briefly handled. Some things also premised, to set forth the glory of this nation. / By Edward Leigh Esquire, Mr of Arts of Magdalen-Hall in Oxford. Leigh, Edward, 1602-1671. 1659 (1659) Wing L994; Thomason E1792_2; ESTC R202677 90,436 256

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hall_n of_o justice_n in_o this_o be_v the_o judicial_a parliament_n court_n the_o upper-bench_n the_o common-plea_n and_o the_o chancery_n and_o in_o place_n near_o thereabouts_o the_o star-chamber_n the_o exchequer_n court_n of_o ward_n and_o court_n of_o the_o duchy_n of_o lancaster_n in_o which_o at_o certain_a set_a time_n we_o call_v they_o term_n cause_n be_v yearly_o hear_v and_o try_v this_o judgement_n hall_n king_n richard_n the_o second_o build_v out_o of_o the_o ground_n as_o appear_v by_o his_o arm_n engrave_v in_o the_o stonework_n and_o many_o arch_a beam_n there_o be_v a_o hundred_o twenty_o and_o one_o church_n more_o than_o rome_n itself_o can_v show_v redcliff_n so_o call_v of_o the_o red_a cliff_n a_o pretty_a fine_a town_n and_o dwell_a place_n of_o sailor_n enfield-chase_n a_o place_n much_o renown_v for_o hunt_v in_o this_o county_n without_o the_o city_n of_o london_n be_v reckon_v parish_n much_o about_o seventy_o three_o with_o the_o city_n liberty_n and_o suburb_n a_o hundred_o twenty_o and_o one_o monmouthshire_n it_o be_v enclose_v on_o the_o north-side_n with_o the_o river_n munow_v that_o separate_v it_o from_o herefordshire_n on_o the_o east-side_n with_o wye_n run_v between_o it_o and_o glocestershire_n on_o the_o west_n with_o the_o river_n remmey_n which_o sever_v it_o from_o glamorganshire_n and_o on_o the_o south_n with_o the_o severn_n the_o east_n part_n be_v full_a of_o grass_n and_o wood_n the_o west_n be_v somewhat_o hilly_a and_o stony_a yet_o not_o unthankful_a to_o the_o husbandman_n monmouth_n the_o chief_a town_n of_o the_o shire_n munow_v and_o wye_n at_o their_o confluence_n do_v compass_v it_o almost_o round_o about_o and_o give_v it_o the_o name_n on_o the_o north-side_n where_o it_o be_v not_o defend_v with_o the_o river_n it_o be_v fortify_v with_o a_o wall_n and_o ditch_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o town_n hard_o by_o the_o mercat_n place_n stand_v a_o castle_n which_o as_o it_o be_v think_v john_n baron_n of_o monmouth_n build_v it_o be_v the_o birth_n place_n of_o henry_n the_o five_o that_o triumpher_n over_o france_n and_o the_o second_o ornament_n of_o the_o english_a nation_n it_o glory_v also_o that_o geffrey_n ap_fw-mi arthur_n or_o of_o munmouth_n compiler_n of_o the_o british_a history_n be_v bear_v and_o breed_v there_o a_o man_n well_o skill_v in_o antiquity_n but_o as_o it_o seem_v not_o of_o antique_a credit_n so_o many_o toy_n and_o tale_n he_o everywhere_o enterlace_v out_o of_o his_o own_o brain_n as_o he_o be_v charge_v while_o he_o live_v chepstow_n a_o famous_a town_n and_o of_o good_a resort_n situate_v upon_o the_o side_n of_o a_o hill_n rise_v from_o the_o very_a river_n fortify_v round_o about_o with_o a_o wall_n of_o a_o large_a circuit_n which_o include_v within_o it_o both_o field_n and_o orchard_n it_o have_v a_o very_a spacious_a castle_n situate_v over_o the_o river_n strighall_n castle_n it_o belong_v to_o the_o
this_o nation_n subsist_v upon_o mine_n and_o cole_n other_o upon_o manufacture_n some_o upon_o corn_n other_o upon_o the_o profit_n of_o cattle_n london_n and_o the_o seaport_n upon_o exportation_n and_o importation_n m._n wren_n monarchy_n assert_v chap._n 8._o wileboord_o a_o englishman_n be_v the_o first_o bishop_n of_o utrect_n he_o be_v call_v the_o apostle_n of_o zealand_n for_o have_v there_o preach_v and_o plant_v the_o christian_a faith_n as_o also_o in_o the_o province_n next_o adjoin_v verstegans_fw-la etymology_n of_o our_o saxon_a proper_a name_n willebrodus_fw-la britannus_fw-la fuit_fw-la frisiosque_fw-la primus_fw-la christianae_fw-la religionis_fw-la initiis_fw-la imbuit_fw-la bertius_fw-la in_fw-la tab._n geog._n contract_n i_o shall_v detain_v thou_o no_o long_o but_o subscribe_v myself_o thy_o hearty_a well-willer_n edward_n leigh_n prolegomena_n europe_n the_o least_o of_o the_o four_o part_n of_o the_o world_n yet_o the_o most_o populous_a and_o eminent_a for_o art_n and_o arm_n be_v divide_v into_o descript._n several_a nation_n and_o country_n albion_n or_o great-britain_n spain_n france_n germany_n rhetia_fw-la vindelicia_n italy_n sardinia_n sicily_n sarmatia_n dacia_n maesia_n and_o greece_n britain_n or_o britanny_n which_o also_o be_v norvicus_fw-la albion_n the_o most_o famous_a island_n without_o comparison_n of_o the_o whole_a world_n it_o be_v seat_v as_o well_o for_o air_n as_o soil_n in_o a_o right_a fruitful_a and_o most_o mild_a place_n corinth_n the_o air_n so_o kind_a and_o temperate_a that_o not_o only_o the_o summer_n be_v not_o excessive_a hot_a by_o reason_n of_o continual_a gentle_a wind_n that_o abate_v their_o heat_n which_o as_o they_o refresh_v the_o fruit_n of_o the_o earth_n so_o they_o yield_v a_o most_o wholesome_a and_o please_a contentment_n both_o to_o man_n and_o beast_n but_o the_o winter_n also_o be_v pass_v mild_a for_o therein_o fall_v often_o with_o still_a shower_n to_o say_v nothing_o of_o the_o air_n itself_o somewhat_o thick_a and_o gross_a dissolve_v the_o rigour_n of_o the_o cold_a so_o and_o withal_o the_o sea_n which_o compass_v it_o with_o moderate_a warmth_n do_v comfort_v the_o land_n in_o such_o wise_a as_o that_o the_o cold_a with_o we_o be_v much_o more_o remiss_a than_o in_o some_o part_n of_o france_n and_o italy_n it_o be_v now_o call_v england_n in_o latin_a anglia_fw-la in_o french_a angle-terre_n of_o the_o several_a etymology_n of_o which_o word_n see_v histoire_fw-fr d'_fw-fr angle-terre_fw-fr par_fw-fr du_n chesne_n l._n 6._o p._n 195._o and_o munster_n universal_a gosmography_n l._n 2._o britanniam_fw-la lasciviae_fw-la culparier_n justè_fw-la negas_fw-la tamen_fw-la fateri_fw-la cogeris_fw-la quòd_fw-la insula_fw-la est_fw-la non_fw-la continens_fw-la hugenii_fw-la epig._n l._n 6._o great_a britain_n consist_v of_o england_n and_o scotland_n contain_v one_o thousand_o eight_o hundred_o thirty_o six_o mile_n in_o compass_n this_o island_n as_o camden_n twine_v verstegan_n imagine_v be_v break_v off_o from_o the_o continent_n of_o france_n see_v twine_n de_fw-la rebus_fw-la britannicis_fw-la the_o body_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n be_v of_o judicio_fw-la a_o excellent_a constitution_n their_o demeanour_n right_o courteous_a their_o nature_n gentle_a and_o their_o courage_n most_o hardy_a and_o valiant_a who_o manhood_n by_o exploit_n achieve_v both_o at_o home_n and_o abroad_o be_v famous_o renown_v through_o the_o whole_a world_n king_n edward_n the_o three_o and_o his_o ibid._n son_n do_v bear_v their_o victorious_a arm_n throughout_o all_o france_n king_n henry_n the_o six_o be_v crown_v king_n of_o france_n at_o paris_n our_o famous_a king_n henry_n the_o five_o edw._n 3._o and_o k._n henry_n the_o eight_o be_v the_o most_o worthy_a warrior_n that_o our_o nation_n ever_o have_v sir_n roger_n williams_n his_o brief_a discourse_n of_o war_n pag._n 37._o see_v pag._n 8_o 9_o and_o 58._o phil._n de_fw-fr commines_fw-la hist._n l._n 6._o c._n 2_o 3._o sir_n francis_n and_o sir_n horatio_n vere_n sir_n thomas_n morgan_n sir_n john_n 95._o norris_n by_o their_o singular_a knowledge_n in_o military_a affair_n and_o exploit_n most_o valiant_o and_o fortunate_o achieve_v in_o the_o low-countries_n have_v add_v exceed_v much_o honour_n and_o glory_n to_o themselves_o see_v dr._n dillingham_n vere_z commentary_n sir_n roger_n williams_n also_o be_v a_o famous_a commander_n there_o john_n lord_n talbot_n earl_n of_o shrewsbury_n march_v four_o and_o twenty_o year_n together_o with_o victorious_a arm_n over_o a_o 23._o great_a part_n of_o france_n camden_n call_v he_o england_n achilles_n see_v froissart_n chron._n c._n 130._o of_o the_o victory_n of_o the_o english_a at_o the_o great_a battle_n of_o cressy_n the_o duke_n of_o bedford_n be_v regent_n of_o france_n and_o be_v slay_v in_o a_o battle_n on_o land_n before_o veronil_n be_v bury_v in_o roan_n and_o together_o with_o he_o all_o the_o english_a man_n good_a fortune_n in_o france_n who_o monument_n when_o charles_n the_o eight_o king_n of_o france_n come_v to_o see_v and_o a_o nobleman_n stand_v by_o advise_v he_o to_o raze_v it_o nay_o answer_v he_o let_v he_o rest_v in_o peace_n now_o be_v dead_a of_o who_o in_o war_n while_o he_o live_v all_o france_n have_v dread_a marshal_n byron_n say_v he_o like_v not_o the_o english_a march_n be_v beat_v by_o the_o angl._n drum_n it_o be_v so_o slow_a sir_n roger_n williams_n answer_v he_o that_o yet_o it_o have_v go_v through_o all_o france_n see_v the_o discourse_n of_o the_o national_a excellency_n of_o england_n part_n 1._o chap._n 1._o of_o the_o war_n of_o the_o briton_n and_o their_o courage_n chap._n 3._o of_o the_o danish_a invasion_n chap._n 4._o of_o the_o norman_a conquest_n chap._n 5._o of_o war_n with_o spain_n chap._n 6._o of_o war_n with_o france_n chap._n 7._o of_o war_n with_o the_o seventeen_o province_n chap._n 8_o 9_o of_o war_n with_o scotland_n part_n 2._o chap._n 2._o of_o the_o english_a courage_n our_o wooden_a wall_n the_o ship_n be_v a_o great_a safety_n to_o this_o nation_n the_o english_a navy_n be_v the_o strong_a in_o the_o world_n what_o service_n do_v our_o ship_n do_v we_o in_o 88_o sir_n francis_n drake_n and_o after_o he_o thomas_n candish_n esquire_n within_o the_o space_n of_o three_o year_n and_o three_o month_n travel_v about_o the_o globe_n of_o the_o whole_a earth_n this_o isle_n have_v prescribe_v in_o all_o age_n for_o the_o dominion_n *_o monarchy_n of_o the_o sea_n that_o encompass_v it_o vide_fw-la seldeni_fw-la mare_fw-la clausum_fw-la lib._n 2._o c._n 12_o 13_o 14_o 15_o 20_o 21_o 22_o 23_o 24_o 30_o 31_o 32._o sir_n richard_n grenvile_n in_o a_o ship_n of_o 40._o queen_n elizabeth_n fight_v against_o a_o great_a navy_n of_o spaniard_n this_o single_a vessel_n be_v fight_v with_o in_o turn_n by_o fifteen_o other_o great_a ship_n whereof_o the_o great_a st._n philip_n of_o 1500_o tun_n prince_n of_o the_o twelve_o sea-apostle_n be_v one_o it_o sink_v two_o of_o their_o best_a ship_n and_o kill_v a_o thousand_o man_n it_o be_v sink_v at_o last_o have_v first_o to_o the_o full_a answer_v its_o name_n without_o vanity_n our_o nation_n may_v 4._o assume_v to_o itself_o the_o praise_n consider_v the_o narrow_a limit_n of_o the_o island_n to_o have_v produce_v as_o many_o scholar_n admirable_a in_o all_o degree_n of_o knowledge_n as_o any_o country_n on_o this_o side_n the_o alps_n beda_n bradwardine_n scotus_n wicliffe_n ockam_n baconthorp_n joannes_n de_fw-fr sacro_fw-la bosco_n cuthbert_n tunstall_n pool_n colet_fw-la lily_n linacer_n pacaeus_n fisher_n more_o stapleton_n leland_n camden_n jewel_n whitaker_n rainolds_n sir_n philip_n sidney_n a_o man_n of_o excellent_a part_n learned_a and_o valiant_a our_o english_a man_n pronunciation_n of_o the_o latin_a tongue_n be_v condemn_v much_o by_o outlandishmen_n a_o herald_n bring_v a_o letter_n of_o defiance_n from_o the_o king_n of_o england_n in_o very_o good_a language_n and_o so_o excellent_o well_o pen_v that_o i_o be_o persuade_v it_o be_v never_o of_o english_a man_n do_v phil._n de_fw-la comin_n in_o his_o history_n lib._n 4._o ch._n 5._o they_o write_v good_a latin_a though_o car_n have_v write_v a_o oration_n de_fw-la scriptorum_fw-la britannicorum_fw-la paucitate_fw-la in_o edward_n the_o three_o time_n there_o be_v a_o letter_n direct_v to_o the_o pope_n in_o walsingham_n justification_n of_o make_v it_o treason_n to_o bring_v in_o papal_a provision_n which_o be_v so_o excellent_o pen_v as_o do_v not_o only_o move_v admiration_n but_o astonishment_n cito_fw-la post_fw-la rex_fw-la direxit_fw-la papae_fw-la illam_fw-la famosam_fw-la epistolam_fw-la pro_fw-la libertate_fw-la ecclesiae_fw-la contuenda_fw-la quam_fw-la praesentibus_fw-la duximus_fw-la inserendam_fw-la walsing._n hist._n angl._n edw._n 3._o p._n 161._o there_o be_v sundry_a opinion_n whence_o this_o word_n britain_n have_v the_o original_a derivation_n camden_n dislike_v that_o from_o 9_o brutus_n some_o say_v it_o be_v most_o probable_o derive_v nomen_fw-la from_o brit_n which_o in_o the_o ancient_a british_a signify_v
a_o prince_n most_o accomplish_v with_o martial_a prowess_n in_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n 1336._o duke_n of_o cornwall_n by_o a_o wreath_n on_o his_o head_n a_o ring_n upon_o his_o finger_n and_o a_o silver_n verge_n since_o which_o time_n the_o king_n of_o england_n elder_a son_n be_v repute_v duke_n of_o cornwall_n by_o birth_n launston_n the_o chief_a town_n the_o promontory_n name_v the_o land_n end_n the_o most_o western_a point_n of_o the_o kingdom_n it_o contain_v nine_o hundred_o two_o and_o twenty_o market_n town_n a_o hundred_o sixty_o and_o one_o parish_n cumberland_n it_o take_v the_o name_n of_o the_o inhabitaut_n name_n who_o be_v the_o true_a and_o natural_a briton_n and_o call_v themselves_o in_o their_o own_o language_n kumbri_n this_o country_n although_o it_o be_v somewhat_o with_o the_o cold_a as_o lie_v far_o north_n and_o seem_v as_o rough_a by_o reason_n of_o hill_n yet_o for_o the_o variety_n thereof_o it_o smile_v upon_o the_o beholder_n and_o give_v contentment_n to_o as_o many_o as_o travel_v it_o of_o all_o the_o shire_n we_o have_v it_o be_v account_v the_o best_a furnish_v with_o the_o roman_a antiquity_n burton_n comment_n on_o antoninus_n his_o itin._n p._n 13._o at_o newland_n there_o be_v copper_n or_o brass_n mine_n there_o skiddaw-hill_n be_v very_o high_a skiddaw_n lauvellin_n and_o casticand_v be_v the_o high_a hill_n in_o all_o england_n tract_n solway_n frith_n so_o call_v of_o solway_n a_o town_n in_o scotland_n stand_v upon_o it_o under_o this_o burgh_n within_o the_o very_a frith_n where_o the_o salt_n water_n eb_v and_o flow_v the_o englishman_n and_o scottish_a by_o report_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n fight_v with_o their_o fleet_n at_o full_a sea_n and_o also_o with_o their_o horseman_n and_o footman_n at_o the_o ebb_n hard_o by_o the_o riveret_n dacor_fw-mi stand_v dacre-castle_n of_o signal_n note_n because_o it_o have_v give_v surname_n to_o the_o honourable_a family_n of_o the_o baron_n dacre_n carlisle_n this_o ancient_a city_n be_v fortify_v with_o strong_a wall_n of_o stone_n carleolum_fw-la with_o a_o castle_n and_o citadel_n as_o they_o term_v it_o here_o begin_v picts-wall_n or_o simple_o by_o prove_v way_n of_o excellency_n the_o wall_n the_o limit_n of_o the_o roman_a province_n continue_v through_o this_o country_n and_o northumberland_n and_o end_v in_o walls-end_n here_o be_v nine_o market_n town_n and_o fifty_o eight_o parish_n darbyshire_n it_o be_v a_o plentiful_a country_n there_o be_v many_o mineral_n and_o several_a kind_n of_o stone_n derby_n be_v the_o chief_a town_n of_o all_o this_o shire_n a_o town_n of_o good_a trade_n there_o be_v five_o church_n in_o it_o of_o steeple_n which_o the_o great_a name_v all-hallows_n dedicate_v to_o the_o memory_n of_o all-saint_n have_v a_o tower-steeple_n that_o for_o height_n and_o singular_a fine_a workmanship_n excel_v they_o have_v a_o famous_a minister_n there_o one_o chapel_n which_o be_v brother_n to_o he_o that_o be_v of_o cambridge_n and_o go_v afterward_o into_o ireland_n he_o do_v much_o good_a in_o derby_n when_o king_n james_n come_v thither_o a_o witty_a butcher_n in_o the_o town_n say_v thus_o to_o he_o jemmy_n for_o a_o chapel_n and_o a_o steeple_n we_o may_v compare_v with_o any_o people_n the_o assize_n be_v there_o keep_v for_o the_o whole_a shire_n and_o the_o best_a nappy_a ale_n be_v brew_v there_o in_o two_o place_n especial_o it_o be_v the_o ancient_a and_o peculiar_a drink_n of_o the_o englishman_n and_o briton_n and_o very_o wholesome_a henry_n of_o aurenche_n the_o norman_a arch-poet_n to_o king_n henry_n the_o three_o merry_o jest_v on_o it_o in_o these_o verse_n nescio_fw-la quid_fw-la stygiae_fw-la monstrum_fw-la conform_fw-la paludi_fw-la cervisiam_fw-la plerique_fw-la vocant_fw-la nil_fw-la spissius_fw-la illa_fw-la dum_fw-la bibitur_fw-la nil_fw-la clarius_fw-la est_fw-la dum_fw-la mingitur_fw-la unde_fw-la constat_fw-la quod_fw-la multas_fw-la faeces_fw-la in_fw-la ventre_fw-la relinquit_fw-la of_o this_o strange_a drink_n so_o like_o to_o stygean_a lake_n most_o term_v it_o ale_n i_o wot_v not_o what_o to_o make_v folk_n drink_v it_o thick_a and_o piss_v it_o pass_v thin_a much_o dregs_o therefore_o must_v needs_o remain_v within_o the_o wealth_n of_o this_o town_n consist_v much_o of_o buy_v of_o corn_n and_o sell_v it_o again_o to_o the_o mountain_n for_o all_o the_o inhabitant_n be_v a_o kind_n of_o badger_n thomas_n linaker_n the_o famous_a scholar_n be_v bear_v here_o and_o so_o be_v mr._n cotton_n the_o famous_a minister_n of_o boston_n and_o dr._n wilmot_n near_o it_o chesterfield_n a_o market_n town_n the_o peak_n which_o signify_v to_o appear_v aloft_o be_v sever_v from_o staffordshire_n by_o the_o dove_n a_o most_o swift_a and_o clear_a river_n it_o be_v plentiful_a of_o lead_n also_o stibium_fw-la or_o antimony_n millstone_n likewise_o be_v here_o hew_v out_o as_o also_o grinde-stone_n and_o whetstone_n to_o give_v a_o edge_n unto_o iron_n tool_n reduxit_fw-la under_o the_o old_a castle_n call_v the_o castle_n in_o the_o peak_n there_o be_v a_o cave_n or_o hole_n within_o the_o ground_n call_v the_o devil_n arse_n devil_n arse_n in_o peak_n that_o gape_v anglia_fw-la with_o a_o wide_a mouth_n and_o have_v in_o it_o many_o turn_n and_o retire_v room_n this_o hole_n be_v reckon_v one_o of_o the_o wonder_n of_o england_n there_o be_v several_a other_o wonder_n in_o the_o peak_n ashburn_n in_o the_o peak_n there_o be_v a_o place_n call_v elden-hole_n which_o lie_v two_o mile_n distant_a from_o castleton_n a_o town_n in_o the_o high_a peak_n it_o be_v within_o the_o peak_n forest_n it_o descend_v direct_o down_o into_o the_o earth_n it_o be_v about_o thirty_o yard_n long_o and_o fifteen_o yard_n broad_a at_o the_o top_n of_o it_o but_o be_v much_o straight_a when_o it_o come_v forty_o yard_n deep_a you_o may_v see_v into_o it_o about_o sixty_o yard_n be_v as_o far_o as_o the_o light_n which_o come_v in_o at_o the_o mouth_n of_o 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to_o ring_v if_o he_o can_v go_v no_o further_o or_o will_v return_v back_o when_o he_o be_v let_v down_o almost_o the_o three_o fourscore_o yard_n he_o ring_v the_o bell_n and_o be_v draw_v up_o he_o be_v much_o affright_v remain_v speechless_a for_o a_o time_n and_o be_v strike_v with_o lameness_n but_o after_o he_o recover_v his_o speech_n he_o declare_v that_o as_o he_o descend_v down_o be_v bone_n of_o deer_n sheep_n and_o other_o cattle_n and_o also_o of_o man_n and_o that_o he_o be_v affright_v but_o how_o or_o in_o what_o manner_n he_o can_v not_o tell_v he_o live_v several_a year_n but_o never_o be_v in_o perfect_a memory_n nor_o sound_n of_o his_o limb_n within_o the_o town_n of_o buxton_n there_o be_v a_o bath_n call_v buxton-well_n which_o cure_v very_o many_o disease_n there_o be_v two_o spring_n of_o water_n the_o one_o within_o a_o hand_n breadth_n of_o the_o other_o the_o one_o be_v very_o hot_a the_o other_o cold_a as_o ice_n there_o be_v eight_o market_n town_n six_o hundred_o and_o a_o hundred_o and_o six_o parish_n in_o this_o county_n denshire_n or_o devonshire_n a_o country_n harbourous_a on_o either_o loadstone_n side_n with_o commodious_a haven_n enrich_v with_o tin-mine_n especial_o westward_o garnish_v with_o pleasant_a meadow_n sightly_o with_o great_a store_n of_o wood_n and_o pass_v well_o replenish_v with_o town_n and_o building_n there_o be_v not_o any_o place_n almost_o in_o all_o england_n where_o the_o ground_n require_v great_a charge_n for_o in_o most_o part_n thereof_o it_o grow_v in_o manner_n barren_a if_o it_o be_v not_o over-strew_v and_o mingle_v with_o a_o certain_a sand_n from_o the_o sea_n which_o be_v of_o great_a efficacy_n to_o procure_v fertility_n by_o quicken_a as_o it_o be_v and_o give_v life_n unto_o the_o glebe_n and_o therefore_o in_o place_n far_o from_o the_o shore_n it_o be_v buy_v at_o a_o dear_a rate_n on_o
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