Royal Palace of St. James's over which house the same day at noon was seen by thousands a Star and soon after the Sun suffered an Eclipse a sad presage as some then divined that this Princes power should for some time be Eclipsed as it hath been and some Subject signified by a Star should have extraordinary splendor Baptized Was Christened the 27th of June following by the then Bishop of London Dr. Laud. Had for his Godfathers his two Uncles Lewis the 13th King of France and Frederick Prince Palatine of the Rhein then called King of Bohemia represented by the Duke of Richmond and Marquis of Hamilton His Godmother being then the Queen Mother of France represented by the Dutchess of Richmond Had for Governess Mary Countess of Dorset In May 1633. he was first Knighted and immediately after he was made Knight of the Garter and installed at Windsor Education At the Age of Eight he had for Governour the Earl afterwards Marquis now Duke of Newcastle and after him the Late Earl of Barkshire and for Tutor or Praeceptor Dr. Duppa then Dean of Christ Church after Bishop of Salisbury and lately of Winchester At the Age of Twelve was with the King his Father at the Battel of Edge Hill and soon after at Oxford was committed to the care of the Marquis of Hertford About Fourteen years old was in the Head of an Army in the West of England At the Age of Fifteen a Marriage was proposed between him and the Eldest Daughter of the King of Portugal the Infanta Joanna since deceased Two years after was from Cornwal transported to the Isle of Scilly and after to Jersey and thence to his Royal Mother to St. Germains near Paris At this time the Parliament in England being at variance with the King A little time after he was at Sea with some Naval Forces endeavouring to rescue the King his Father then in the Isle of Wight out of the wicked hands of his Rebellious Subjects Not many months after upon the sad news of the horrid Murther of his Royal Father he was in Holland first saluted King and soon after proclaimed in Scotland being not yet nineteen years of Age. At the Age of Twenty from Holland he landed in Scotland June 1650. and in January following to the joy of His Loyal Subjects there he was Crowned at Scoone the place where his Ancestors had been Crowned At his Coronation there was this Solemnity A Reverend and Learned Divine Mr. Robert Douglass preaching a Sermon concerning the Dignity and Honour due to Kings all the Nobility being present he was invested with the Regalia The Crown being put upon his Royal Head he was by the joyful Acclamations of his people saluted King all of them present with one voice crying out God save the King God save the King God save the King These precise times not allowing the ordinary Rites of Coronation The third of September 1651. fought the Battel of Worcester whence after the unfortunate loss of his whole Army wandring in disguise about England for six weeks and most wonderfully preserved he was at length transported from a Creek near Shoram in Sussex to Feccam near Havre de Grace in France in which Kingdom with his Royal Brothers and divers Scotish and English Nobility Cleâ—gy and Gentry he was for some years received and treated as King of Scotland and England Afterwards he passed his time in Germany Flanders and Spain in the studies and exercises most befitting a Prince until the year 1660. at which time being at Brussels in the Spanish Territories perceiving a general inclination of his Subjects in England to receive him he providently removed himself to Breda within the Dominions of the United Provinces in the Netherlands and thence in May to the Hague After a little abode there by the humble invitation of his Scotish and English Subjects he imbarked at Scheveling the 23 of May 1660. and with a gallant Fleet and gentle gale of wind landed the 25th at Dover and on the 29th following being his Birth-day and then just 30 years of Age he entered into London being attended with most of the Nobility and Gentry of the Three Kingdoms where he was received with the greatest and most universal Joy and Acclamations and Magnificence that could possibly be expressed And on the 23d of April 1661. was Crowned with great Solemnity Ceremony at Westminster His Majesties life hath been full of wonders But three passages especially seem miraculous First at his Birth a bright Star seen over him at Noon-day by many thousands Secondly His escape in and after the Battel of Worcester when being in the very heart of England forsaken by all a summ of money by publick Act promised to those that should discover him and penalty of High Treason to any one that should conceal him when he was seen and known by many persons of all sorts and conditions whereof divers were very indigent and so very subject to be tempted with the proposed Reward and divers of the Female Sex and so most unapt to retain a secret When he was necessitated to wait so many weeks and appear in so many places and companies before a fit opportunity of Transportation could be found Thirdly His Majesties Restauration quippe impossibile fuit filium tot precationum tot lacrymarum tot miraculorum periisse that after so many years dispossession his most inveâ—erate potent subtle enemies in full and quiet possession on a sudden the desire of him should like Lightning or a mighty Torrent run over his Kingdoms in such a manner that he should be solemnly invited magnificently conducted and triumphantly received without blood blows bargain or any obligation to any Forein Prince or Potentate This was the Lord's doing and must for ever be marvellous in our eyes Justly might the Great Turk hearing of His Majesties Restauration declare if he were to change his Religion he would adore and worship the God of the King of Great Britain Of His Sacred Person of His Life and Safety the Laws of Scotland are so tender that it is High Treason only to imagine or intend the Death of the King And because by imagining or conspiring the Death of the King's Counsellors or great Officers of his Houshold the destruction of the King might ensue the Law hath provided they should be punished with Death The King's Person is in so high an esteem that to offend against those persons that represent the King as to kill some of the Crown Officers or the King's Judges or to counterfeit the King's Seal or his Moneys is made High Treason because by all these the King's Person is represented and High Treason is so horrid that besides loss of Life and Honour Real and Personal Estate to the Criminal His â—â—irs also are to lose the same for ever and to be ranked amongst the Peasantry and Ignoble till the King shall please to restore them The Law by no means will suffer an Idiot or Lunatick to go
Campo-bello or Campbell Turgot Prior of Durham and B. of St. Andrews wrote the Lives of King Malcolm Canmoir and of his Queen Margaret Liber Sconae a Chronicle written by the Monks of Scoone Liber Pasletensis The Black Book of Paislay a Chronicle written by the Monks of Paislay Liber Pluscartensis a Chronicle written by the Monks of Pluscardy One Blind Henry wrote the History of Sir William Wallace in Scottish Meeter John Barbour Archdeacon of Aberdeen did write the Life of King Robert Bruce in Scottish Meeter John Major Provost of St. Salvator's Colledge in St. Andrews wrote the History of the Nation William Elphinstone B. of Aberdeen wrote a Treatise of the Scottish Antiquities Hector Boeth or Boyes Principal of the King's Colledge of Aberdeen wrote the History of the Nation till the Reign of King James the First continued till the Reign of King James the Sixth by John Ferrerius a Piemontoise a Monk of Pluscardy John Balenden Archdeacon of Murray did translate Boyes History into English George Buchanan Praeceptor to King James the Sixth wrote the History of the Nation till the year 1572. Robert Johnstone wrote a Continuation of the Scottish History from the year 1572. till the year 1624. in Latine Folio John Leslie Bishop of Ross wrote the History of the Nation till the year 138 Raphael Holinshed wrote the History of the Nation till the Reign of King James the Sixth continued by Francis Thin Will. Cambden wrote a Description of the Kingdom John Dempster wrote an Introduction to the Scottish History David Chalmer wrote a Treatise of the Scottish Saints David Hume of Godscroft did write the History of the Earls of Douglass and Angus William Drummond of Hawthornden did write the Lives of the Five King James's William Sanderson wrote the Lives of Queen Mary King James the Sixth and King Charles the First John Spotiswood Archbishop of St. Andrews did write the History of the Church of Scotland from the first Plantation of the Christian Faith therein till the Death of King James the Sixth The Office of the Chancellor of State conferred upon him by that glorious Martyr King Charles the First he discharged to the satisfaction of his Royal Master and the advantage of the Church He was a person of rare Ornaments and in all things compleatly qualified for his Imployment yet he did not escape the hard measure which other Loyal Subjects tasted of for by the Covenanters he was forced to retire into England where he met with entertainment more suitable to his worth He ended his daies in a good old Age and was honourably Interred in Westminster Abby Anno 1639. after he had governed the See twenty four years George Wishart Dr. of Divinity and Bishop of Edinburgh did write the Actions of James Marquess of Montross Robert Gordon of Stralogh did write the Theatrum Scotiae being a description of the whole Kingdom with the Maps of every particular Country Printed by Janson Bleaw at Amsterdam a very excellent work The mercenary Printer did him a double injury first in printing with his Book Buchanan's Seditious Pamphlet De Jure Regni apud Scotos it being sufficiently known that the Author was of no such principle but alwaies Loyal Then in dedicating that work to the Usurper O. Cromwell whereas the Author sent over to the Printer a Dedication of his Book to His most Sacred Majesty at that time Prince of Wales and the Copy of that Dedication written with his own hand is yet in the Custody of his Son the Reverend James Gordon Parson of Rothimay This much was necessary to be said in vindication of that worthy Gentleman who was one of the most Learned persons of the Age he lived in If any think that this Treatise hath not swelled to that bulk that might be expected from an undertaking of this nature having so large a Subject to treat of let this suffice for an Answer that the several calamities that have happened in this Antient Kingdom may justly serve for an Apology when it is to be considered that after the Death of Alexander the Third of that Name King of Scotland and all his Sons which in one years space died of a pestilent Fever which was never before known in this Kingdom his Daughter being Queen of Norway died in the same year who left behind her a Daughter whom after the Death of the King and his Sons the Estates sent for to this effect Two Ambassadors were dispatcht to Norway to take care of the safe conveyance of this Young Lady the only hope the Kingdom relyed on It was not long after these Gentlemen that were sent to Norway returned bringing News that this Lady was dead likewise Consider what fears and sorrows at the hearing of these News did perplex the Subjects of this Kingdom So many deaths falling out in the Royal Family did presage great calamities to ensue For as the Loss of so worthy a King was great so their Fears was no less because of the uncertainty of the Succession Many Competitors six they were in number claiming the Inheritance of the Crown and all of them men of power and friendship It must needs be supposed that they did divide the Realm and so beget a Civil War yet these who were trusted with the management of Affairs during the Inter Reign did by their Mediation work them to a Compromise and to remit the decision of the Controversie to King Edward the First of England a Prince of long Experience and much respected in that time For this purpose divers Gentlemen were sent to King Edward who at that time was in France to inform him of the inconveniencies that were feared to fall out in the Kingdom of Scotland and the course they had taken to prevent the same intreating his help for quieting the State King Edward glad to have an hand in the making of a King in Scotland dimitted them with many kind expressions of his kindness to the Kingdom assigning a Dyet for the Competitors at Norham upon Tweed at which Dyet the King was present at this meeting there was no decision all the Competitors except two to wit John Baliol and Robert Bruce were ordered to cease from their claim Of Baliol and Bruce an Oath was taken that they should abide and stand by the Sentence the King should pronounce The like Oath was taken by the Prelates Nobles and other Commissioners who swore to accept of him for their King that would be tryed to have the best Right and for the greater assurance all their Seals were appended to the Compromise Five years and some more were spent before the Controversie was brought to an end At last K. Edw. returned to Berwick and calling the Twenty Four to whom the important Affairs were committed they were shut up in the Church there to debate the Matter none being permitted to have access unto them he himself now and then went in to know how their proceedings went and perceiving the greater part
material as will appear by his further perusal Kind Reader use me discreetly in your censures being it is the first undertaking and if kindly received may be an encouragement for me to serve you hereafter upon some other as necessary occasion Consider it may happen that your own Works may be published which likewise you would desire to be received with kind entertainment Quod â—ihi fieri non vis alteri ne feceris expecting your good construction of this will be the greatest encouragement I can have hereafter to be serviceable to you Farewel A. M. THE CONTENTS Chap. 1. Page 1. OF Scotland in general Of its Name Climate Dimensions Division Air Soil Commodities Moneys Measures Weights Buildings c. Chap. 2. Page 16. Of the Laws of Scotland Of Registers of Letters of Horning and Caption c. A List of all the Kings of Scotland to His present Majesty Of the Descent of the Crown What a Convention of Estates is The Prerogatives of the Crown Chap. 3. Page 37. Of Succession of the next Heirs to the Crown of Scotland Chap. 4. Pag. 55. Of the present Princes and Princesses of the Blood Chap. 5. Page 72. Of the Chief Officers of State Of the Parliament The Manner of their Election Of the Riding of Parliament The Chusing the Lords of the Articles A List of all the present Nobility of Scotland Of the Privy Counsel with a List of the present Members thereof Of the Colledge of Justice Of the Justice Court of the Exchequer Chap. 6. Page 116. Of Inferiour Courts Of Sheriffdoms A List of the Shires of Scotland with the Names of the present Sheriffs Of Courts of Regalities Of a Barons Court Chap. 7. Page 127. Of the Burroughs of Scotland Of Burroughs Royal Burroughs of Regalities and Burroughs of Baronies Chap. 8. Page 135. Of the Court of Admiralty Of the Government of the Militia Chap. 9. Page 141. Of the Church Government Chap. 10. Page 182. Of Bishops Jurisdiction Of their Commissaries Of the Court of Session Of Presbyteries A List of all the Presbyteries of Scotland Of a Synod Of the General Assemblies Ch. 11 12 13 14. P. 196 c. Of the Vniversities of Scotland A List of all the Commissioners that have been in Scotland since King James the 6th 252 A Catalogue of the Chancellors of Scotland since the year 1198. 257 Writers of the Scottish History 260 Books Printed for Jonathan Wilkins Bookseller at the Star in Cheapside next Mercers-Chapel A Philosophick Discourse concerning Man being the Anatomy both of his Soul and Body wherein the Nature Origin Union Immateriality Immortality Extension and Faculties of the one and the Parts Humors Temperaments Complexions Functions Sexes and Ages respecting the other are concisely delivered by S. H. Student in Physick In 12. New and Curious Observations on the Art of Curing the Venereal Disease and the Accidents that it produces in all its Degrees Explicated by Natural and Mechanick Principles with the Motions Actions Effects of Mercury and its other Remedies wherein are discovered on the same Subject the Errours of some Authors and the most notorious Cheats of Ignorant Pretenders Written in French by Monsieur de Blegny Chyrurgion in Ordinary to the French Queen and Englished by Walter Harris Dr. of Physick lately Fellow of New Colledge in Oxford In 80. Miracles of Art and Nature Or a Brief Description of the several Varieties of Birds Beasts Fishes Plants and Fruits of other Countries With several other remarkable things in the World By R. B Gent. In 80. The Cities Exaltation by Uprightness A Sermon preached at Guild-Hall Chapel on Sunday June 6 1680. before the Right Honourable Sir Robert Clayton Lord Mayor of the City of London and the Court of Aldermen By John Rowley Rector of Hemmingford-Abbots in the County of Huntington Modesty Triumphing over Impudence Or some Notes upon a late Romance published by Elizabeth Cellier Midwife and Lady Errant Together with the Depositions of Richard Adams of Lincolns-Inn Esq against her before His Majesty and the Right Honourable the Lords of His Majesties Privy Council OF SCOTLAND In General CHAP. I. Of its Name Climate Dimension Division Air Soil Commodities Moneys Weights Measures and Buildings SCotland maketh the Northern Part of Great Brittain it hath on the East the German Ocean on the North the Deucalidon Sea the West is affronted with Ireland and is dividâ—d from England by the Rivers Tweed and Solway and the Cheviot hills Name The name of Scots from which the Kingdom is called Scotland Originally is derived from Scota Daughter to Pharoah King of Aegypt The Ancient Histories of the Kingdom by unanimous consent give this account of the Inhabitants of this Island retaining that name unto this day Scota being given in Marriage to Gathelus Son of Cecrops King of Athens in consideration of the eminent service and assistance he perform'd in a War that Pharoah had against the Ethiopians to whose Valour and the Grecians that accompanied him the King imputed the Victory Gathelus deserving so weâ—â— the Kings Daughter was given to him in Marriage while Pharoah lâ—â—â—d Gaâ—helus was in esteem with the â—â—ople having encreased his reputaâ—â—â—â— as well â—â— hâ—s Lands shortly after Pharoah dying his Son of the same name who so cruelly tormented the Israelites with Taxes and Bondage having no regard to Gathelus or his Services began to use him inferiour to what might be expected Notwithstanding of this hard measure Gathelus willingly would have afforded this Pharoah his Service upon all occurrences but being warned of the Plagues that should happen to the Egyptians he made preparations to remove into some other Country which he intended to have been Numidia but being hinder'd to land there he set Sail passing thorow the Streights taking some valiant Grecians along with him he at last landed in a part of Spain then called Lusitania but by reason of his Arrivaâ— Port-gathell now Portangell This is said to be in the Year of the world 2453. After he had conquered this People he came to 〈◊〉 North of Spain where by reason of â—is abode there was a Colony of 〈◊〉 whom he named Scots from 〈…〉 Scota having two Sons Hiber and Himicus whom he sent to an Island which he heard was opposite to Spain on the North which afterwards had its name from Hiber being called Hibernia now Ireland the People of the Isle being easily conquer'd a great many Scots from Gallicia in Spain being the name of the Colony where Gathelus first setled were sent hither keeping their name still After sundry engagements with the Inhabitants the Scots in Ireland became the stronger and greater Party of these descended many Valianâ— and Noble Men who came with Fergusius the first King of Scotland to fight against the Picts who cruelly and barbarously at that time insulted over some Scots who landed in Albion being formerly of the Scots in Ireland Fergusius the first King of Scots in Albion now Scotland Son to Ferqu hard King of Ireland was Crown'd
unpunish'd in case of Treason against the King who cannot be said to have any will and so cannot offend who during his Idiocy or Lunacy shall kill or go about to kill the King he shall be punish'd as a Traytor yet being non compos mentis the Law holds he cannot commit Felony or petty Treason nor other sorts of High Treason Moreover for the precious regard of the Person of the King no Physick ought to be administred to the King but what his Physicians prepare with their own hands and not by the hands of an Apothecary and to use no Chyrurgions but such as are sworn the King's Chyrurgâ—ons All His Subjects by Oath of Allegiance are obliged and bound to defend His Person in his natural as well as political capacity with His own life and limbs He is Pater Patriae dulce decorum est pro Patria mori To lose life or limb in defending the King from Conspiracies Rebellions or Invasions or the Execution of His Laws should seem a pleasant thing to every Loyal hearted Subject The King's Revenue anciently consisted most in Crown-Lands which could not be alienated but by Act of Parliament and in the Wards and Marriages of the Vassals of the Crown But most of these have been of late years given away and most of the Tenures of Lands are changed although there has been no general Law for taking away the Wards The Revenue is now raised out of the Customs and Excise The last is given this King for life but the former is in the Crown for ever The rest is raised out of what remains of the Crown-Lands and the Wards The King of Scotland beareth for his Soveraign Ensigns Armorial as followeth a double Tressure counterflowered de Lys Or and a Lion Rampant Gules Of the Present Queen of Scotland England c. Donna Catherina Infanta of Portugal being Queen Consort of Scotland England c. and the Second Person in the Kingdoms was Daughter of Don Juan the fourth of that Name King of Portugal and of Donna Lucia Daughter of Don Guzman El bueno a Spaniard Duke of Medina Sidonia who was Lineally descended from Ferdinando de la Cerde and his Consort Blanche To whom Lewis King of France her Father relinquisht his Right and Title to Spain descended to him by his Mother Blanche Eldest Daughter and Heir of Alphonso the Spanish King The Queen was born the fourteenth of Novemb. 1638. at Villa Vicosa in Portugal she was baptized Catherina signifying in Greek pure her Father being then Duke of Briganza though right Heir of the Crown of Portugal the most potent Subject in Europe for a third part of Portugal was holden of him then in Vassallage The Queen is only Sister at present of Don Alphonso the sixth of that Name and twenty third King of Portugal â—orn 1643. Hath another Brother more called Don Pedro born 1648. who is now Regent of the Kingdom of Portugal Having been most carefully and piously educated by her Mother and at the Age of twenty two desired in Marriage by King Charles the Second the Marriage not long after concluded by the Negotiation of Don Francisco de Melo Con. de Ponte Marquis de Saude and then Extraordinary Ambassadour of the King of Portugal and solemnized at Lisbon she embarkt for England upon the twenty third of April 1662. and was safely by the Earl of Sandwich conducted by a squadron of Ships to Portsmouth where the King first met her and was Re-married by the then Bishop of London who afterwards was Archbishop of Canterbury On the 23d of August 1662. Her Majesty coming by Water from Hampton Court was with great pomp and magnificence first received by the Lord Mayor and Aldermen of London at Chelsey and thence conducted by Water to Whitehall The Portion she brought with her was eight hundred millions of Reas or two millions of Crusadoes being about three hundred thousand pounds sterling together with that important place of Tangier upon the the Goast of Africk and the Isle of Bombaim near Goa in the East-Indies with a priviledge that any Subjects of the King of Great Britain c. may Trade freely in the East and West-Indies Plantations belonging to the Portugues The Queen's Joynture by the Articles of Marriage is thirty thousand pound sterling per annum and the King out of his great affection toward her hath as an Addition settled upon her 10000 l. per annum more The Queen's Arms as Daughter to the King of Portugal is Argent Five Scutcheons Azure cross-wise each Scutcheon charged with Five Plates or Besants Argent saltier-wise with a Point sable the Border gules charged with Six Castles Or. Queen Catherine is a Personage of rare perfections of eminent Piety and Modesty and extraordinary Religious and Charitable CHAP. IV. Of the present Princes and Princesses of the Blood And first of the Duke of Albany and York THE First Prince of the Blood is the most Illustrious Prince James Duke of Albany and York Second Son to King Charles the Martyr and only Brother to the present King our Sovereign He was Born Octob. 14. 1633. the 24th of the same month was Baptized and afterward committed to the Government of the then Countess of Dorset There was no Ceremony used in England when he was created D. of York which was the 27. of July 1643. the iniquity of these times not admitting thereof Scotland not being so happy as to have him or any of the Royal Family at that time among them After the Surrender of Oxford His Royal Highness was in 1646. conveyed to London by the prevailing disloyal Part of the Two Houses of Parliament and committed with his Brother Glocester and Sister Elizabeth to the care of the Earl of Northumberland In the year 1648. Aged about Fifteen was by Collonel Bampfield conveyed in a disguise or habit of a Girl beyond Sea first to his Sister the Princess Royal of Orange in Holland and afterwards to the Queen his Mother then at Paris where he was carefully educated in the Religion of the Church of England and in all Exercises meet for such a Prince About the Age of Twenty in France he went into the Campagne and served with much Gallantry under the great Commander the then Protestant Mareschal de Turene for the French King against the Spanish Forces in Flanders Notwithstanding which upon a Treaty between the French King and Cromwell the Usurper in 1655. being obliged with all his Retinue to leave the French Dominions and invited into Flanders by Don Juan of Austria he there served under him against the French King then leagued with the English Rebels against Spain where his Magnanimity and Dexterity in Martial Affairs though unsuccessful were very eminent In the year 1660. came over with the King into England and being Lord High Admiral in the year 1665. in the War against the United States of the Netherlands commanded in Person the whole Royal Navy on the Sea between England and Holland where
with incomparable valour and extraordinary hazard of his own Royal Person after a most sharp Engagement he obtained a signal Victory over the whole Dutch Fleet commanded by Admiral Opdam who perisht with his own and many more Dutch Ships in that Fight He married Anne the Eldest Daughter of Edward Earl of Clarendon late Lord High Chancellour of England which Lady is deceased by whom he had a numerous Issue whereof are living first the Lady Mary now Princess of Orange Born April 30. 1662. whose Godfather was Prince Rupert and Godmothers the Dutchess of Buckingham and Ormond His Royal Highnesses other Daughter is the Lady Anne Born in Feb. 1664. whose Godfather was Gilbert then Lord Archbishop of Canterbury Her Godmothers were the young Lady Mary her Sister and the Dutchess of Monmouth This present Dutchess hath had several Children but are all dead Her Royal Highness is Daughter to the Duke of Modena in Italy The Titles of His Royal Highness are Duke of Albany and York Earl of Vlster Lord High Admiral of Scotland c. Of the Prince of Orange Next to the Duke of York and his Issue is William of Nassaw Prince of Orange only Issue of the deceased Princess Royal Mary Eldest Daughter to King Charles the First and wedded 1641. to William of Nassaw Commander in Chief of all the Forces of the States General both by Land and by Sea His Highness the present Prince was Born Nine daies after his Father's Death on the 14th day of November 1650. had for his Godfathers the Lords States General of Holland and Zealand and the Cities of Delph Leyden and Amsterdam His Governess was the Lady Stanhop then Wife to the Heer Van Hemvliet At Eight years of Age was sent to the University of Leyden His yearly Revenue is about 60000 l. sterling besides Military Advantages He is a valorous Prince and a great example of Valour and Courage besides a great lover of Souldiers Of the Princess Henrietra The next Heir after the fore named to the Crown of Scotland is the Princess Henrietta her Issue who we Born the 16th day of June 1664. at Exeter during the heat of the Late Rebellion After the surrender of Exeter conveyed to Oxford and thence 1646. to London whence with her Governess the Lady Dalkeith she escaped into France was there educated as became her high Birth and Quality but being left wholly to the care and maintenance of the Queen her Mother at Paris embraced the Romish Religion At the Age of sixteen was married to the only Brother of the French King the Illustrious Prince Philip then Duke of Aujou till the death of the Uncle and now Duke of Orleans whose Revenue is 1100000 Livers Tournois besides his Appanage Her Portion was 40000 l. sterl her Joynture to be the saâ—e with the Dutchess Dowager of Orleans This Princess had one Daughter who is now married to the King of Spain Of the Prince Elector Palatine There being left alive no more of the Off-spring of King Charles the First the next Heirs of the Crown of Scotland are the Issue and Descendants of Elizabeth late Queen of Bohemia only Sister to the said King who was married to Frederick Prince Palatine of the Rhine afterwards stiled King of Bohemia whose Eldest Son was Charles Lodowick Prince Elector Palatine of the Rhine commonly called the Palsegrave from the High Dutch Psaltzgraff Palatii comes was Born the 22d of Decemb. 1617. at Heydelberg and afterwards at the Age of three or four years conveyed thence into the Countries of Wittenberg and Brandenburg then into Holland and at the Hague and at the University of Leyden was educated in a Princely manner At the Age of Eighteen years came into England was created Knight of the Garter about two years after fought a Battel at Vlotta in Westphalia In the year 1637. passing incognito thorow France to take possession of Brisach upon the Rhine which the Duke of Saxon Weymar intended to deliver up unto him together with the Command of his Army he was by the quick-sighted Cardinal Richlieu discovered at Moulins and thence sent back Prisoner to the Bois de Vincennes where after twenty three weeks Imprisonment he was by the mediation of the King of Great Britain set at Liberty In the year 1643. he came again into England and with the King 's secret Consent because the King could not continue unto him the wonted Pension whilest the Rebels possest the greatest part of His Majesties Revenues made his Address to and abode with the disloyal part of the Lords and Commons at Westminster until the Murther of the said King and the Restauration of the Lower Palatinate according to the famous Treaty of Munster for which he was constrained to quit all his Right to the upper Palatinate and accept of an Eighth Electorship at a juncture of Time when the King of Great Britain had he not been engaged at home by an impious Rebellion had been the most considerable of all others at that Treaty and this Prince his Nephew would have had the greatest Advantages there In the year 1650. he espoused the Lady Charlotte at Cassele Daughter to the Landgrave of Hessen he had one Son named Charles who is now present Prince Palatine of the Rhine a hopeful and magnanimous Prince He had likewise one Daughter named Charlotte This being all the Issue he left behind him Of Prince Rupert Next to the Issue of the Prince Elector Palatine is Prince Rupert Born at Prague the 17th of December 1619. not long before that very unfortunate Battel there fought whereby not only all Bohemia was lost but the Palatine Family was for almost thirty years dispossest of all their possessions in Germany At Thirteen years of Age he marcht with the then Prince of Orange to the Siege of Rhineberg afterwards in England was created Knight of the Garter At the Age of Eighteen he Commanded a Regiment of Horse in the German Wars and in the Battel of Vlotta 1638. being taken by the Imperialists under the Command of Count Hatzfield he continued a Prisoner above three years In 1642. returning into England made General of the Horse to the King 's Fights and Defeats Collonel Sands near Worcester Routed the Rebels Horse at Edge-Hill took Cirencester raised the Siege of Newark recovered Lichfield and Bristol raised the long Siege before Latham-house fought the Battel at Marston-Moor was created Earl of Holderness and Duke of Cumberland after the extinction of the Male-line of the Cliffords 1643. Finally The King's Forces at Land being totally defeated he transported himself into France and was afterwards made Admiral of such Ships of War as submitted to King Charles the Second to whom after several disasters at Sea and wonderful preservations he returned to Paris 1652. where and in Germany sometimes at the Emperour's Court and sometimes at Heydelberg he passed his time in Princely Studies and Exercises till the Restauration of His Majesty now Reigning after which returning into England
other things of the Laws of Scotland such as are curious may find full satisfaction in that most learned work of Craigs De Jure Feudali written in Latine and printed at Edinburgh in Folio CHAP. VII Of the Burroughs of Scotland Of the Burroughs Royal Burroughs of Regality and Burroughs of Barony The Names of the Free Incorporations or Burroughs Royal. THE Burroughs of Scotland are of three sorts either Royal Burroughs Burroughs of Regality or Burroughs of Barony The former have Commissioners in Parliament and besides are a State apart for they meet yearly in a Convention called the Convention of Burroughs from which a Commissioner comes from every one of them There they make Laws for themselves about Trade and other things relating to their Corporations They hold these Meetings in a Circuâ—t around the Chief or as they call them the Head-Burroughs and at the end of one Convention they name the time and place for the next In these Burroughs there is a Provost or Mayor who has the Chief Power and there are four Bailiffs or Aldermen that are next to him in the Government There is also a Dean of Gild named among the Romans Aedilis who is the Chief Judge among the Merchants likewise a Treasurer and a Common Council the one half of which is chosen usually by the Merchants the other half by the Trades men once every year The Trades men have a Court of their own in which there is one from every Trade who is called the Deacon of the Trade and they chuse one among themselves to be President in all their Meetings and Affairs who is call'd Deacon Conveener by his Order they are to meet as their business requires These Deacons are chosen yearly by all the Freemen of their Trade and have a little jurisdiction over them There are in most Burroughs great and dangerous Animosities and Factions between the Merchants and Trades-men upon the account of precedence in publick daies when they meet Burroughs of Regality The Burroughs of Regality are the Towns where these Lords of Regalities hold their Courts The Chief Magistrates are named by the Lord the rest they chuse themselves They have also great freedoms little inferiour to the Royal Burroughs only they have no Commiâ—â—ioners in Parliament Burroughs of Barony The Burroughs of Barony are Market-Towns where the Lord of the Barony names some of the Magistrates and the Corporation chuses the rest In all these Burroughs the Magistracy is no matter of Burden nor Charge but of Power and Advantage from whence arise great Factions amongst all of them in most of the Burroughs A Catalogue of the Free Corporations or Royal Buâ—roughs in Scotland In the Lothians Edinburgh Linlithgow Haddington Northberwick Dumbar In Fife Saint Andrews Couper Kirkaldy Crail Anstruther Pittenweeme Dysart Earlesferry Kinghorn Innerkeithing Burnt Island In Fife Queens-Ferry Dumfermling Culrosse Clackmanan In Angus Dundee Montross Forfar Brichen Arbroath In Galloway Kirkudbright Wigton Withthorn Stranraver In Clidsdail Glasgow Lanerick In Murray Elgin Nairn Forress In Ranfrowshire Ranfrow Pâ—sley Ruglen In Mar. Aberdeen Kintore In Boyn Bamf Cullen In Rosse Innerness Tayne Aire in Kyle Irwing in Cunningham Rothsay in Bute Dumbarton in Lenox Innerrara in Argile Jedbuâ—gh in Tiviotdail Peebles in Tweddail Selkirk in Forrestshire Striveling upon Forth Dumblain in Monteith Dornoch in Southerland In Annandale Annand Lochmabane In Nithisdail Dumfreis Sanqhuar Bervy in Mernis Innerowry in Gareâ—ch CHAP. VIII Of the Court of Admiralty and of the Government of the Militia THE Court of Admiralty sits in Leith the chief Port of this Kingdom but hath not much business except in times of War to judge of Prizes The present High Admiral is His Royal Highness the Duke of Albany The Military Government The Military Government in Scotland of every County is not lodged in one Person but the Regiments of Foot are commanded by Collonels and the Troops of Horse by Captains named by the King without any dependance upon one Lord-Lieutenant nor are there Deputy-Lieutenants yea the Lieutenant-Collonels and other Officers are named by the King as is usual in an Army and perhaps the Militia in this Kingdom are as well govern'd and disciplin'd as in any other Kingdom the People of Scotland being naturally stout and resolute which make them so much valued beyond Seas the only School of War to them since the conjunction of this Island under one King They are upon all occasions ready for the Kings Service naturally being great lovers of the Royal Family having so just a râ—ght to the Crown by an uninterrupted descent for so many Generations as cannot be parallel'd almost in the whole world what happen d in the late Rebellion Where the Schismaticks so highly deluded with fair promises and reiterated invitations from England being as time Brethrâ—n in a Solemn League and Covenant the issue proving solemnly destructive to the ancient Government and constitutions of both Kingdoms and to the perpetual scandal of Christianity itself in that the best of Kings was at last murder'd by these hellish contrivances I say what happen'd then cannot be recorded as an infamy upon the whole Kingdom being there were ten thousands in that ancient Kingdom who never bowed their knee to that Baal the Idol of these unhappy times many of the Ancientest of our Nobility were sufferers to the utter ruine of their Estates and Families a great many lost their lives under the King's Lord Commissioner the worthy and valiant Marquess of Montross who himself was barbarously murder'd by that wicked insulting crew being it is manifest by the account that all the writers of these times giveth that it was but a part and that indeed the scum of the People who had taken upon them at that time to shake off their Duty and Loyalty no man in his right senses or understanding will impute any of those most inhumane proceedings and practises to the People of the whole Nation who in all emergencies since his Majesties happy Restauration have given such clear demonstrations of their Loyalty upon all occasions have proved to the everlasting infamy of that prevailing party in those late confusions that they were but an handful and that the most inconsiderable part of the Kingdom whoever therefore will be so foolish as to evidence his ignorance of the proceedings of these in that dreadful Rebellion by imputing their machinations and cruelties to the general consent of the Kingdom let him alwaies be esteemed as one that is over-ruled by malice and passion thirsting after nothing so much as to make People believe that His Majesty now reigning hath no Dutiful Subjects in that his most ancient Kingdom he may be esteemed an enemy to the Government who would inveigle into the minds of the People that His Majesty is not sure of the Dutiful assistance of his Subjects of that Kingdom if need require many times the Loyal Subjects of Scotland when they are abroad suffer reproach for the barbarous proceedings of these unhappy times but
He died about the year 1664. James Wood Professor of Divinity and Provost of St. Salvators was a person both judicious and wise as also of considerable Learnâ—ng he wrote a Book against Indepenâ—ency He died about the year 1664. John Johnston Professor of Divinity in the New Colledge wrote a Paraphrase of the Psalms and other most excellent Poems and was very much admired for his skill in the Latine Tongue and Poesie He flourished about the year 1610. David Calderwood a man of great Reading and Study but very unhappy in his way of expressing himself both which appeared in his Altare Damascenum He was at first very factious and banish'd the Kingdom by King James the Sixth yet was afterwards much neglected by that violent party who judged him too moderate though from his Book none would imagine him guilty of it James Durham a Gentleman of a good Family and Learned was bred in this famous University he wrote a judicious Book of Scandal with good Learning in it There are also Expositions of his upon the Revelation and on the Song of Solomon and the Ten Commandments all published since his Death George Gillespie was also bred here who was a very pregnant young man had great freedom of expression and much boldness which raised him to make a very considerable figure among the Covenanters He had some good Learning but was very factious He wrote against the Ceremonies and many pieces against the Erastians He died Anno 1649. James Gregory Professor of the Mathematicks in this University was a person of most extraordinary Learning in that Science He had a strange faculty of resolving the hardest Problems and seems to have found a Non plus ultra in Geometry He was Fellow of the Royal Society much admired both in France Italy and England where he travelled but lost both his Eyes and soon after died 1674. In this University many of the chief Nobility are bred among whom none has done greater honour to St. Leonard's Colledge where he was bred than his Grace the Duke of Lauderdale to whom as Learning seemed entailed his Family for four Descents having been most famed for Learning of any of their Quality so he received these impressions in this University that being since much improved have rendered him so eminent for Learning of which only my Subject leading me to speak I shall say nothing of his other extraordinary Qualities Archbald Napier of Marchistone was a profound Scholar and of profound worth His Logarithms have rendered him famous throughout the whole world He wrote also an Exposition on the Revelation He died 162 Sir Robert Murray a great promoter and Fellow of the Royal Society was a person of wonderful Abilities vast Apprehensions great depth of Judgment and universally known in every thing but more particularly in the Mathematicks He was a great ornament to the Age he lived in and an honour to his Country He died Anno 1674. CHAP XII The University of Glasgow IT was founded Auspiciis pietate benignitate eximii principis Jacobi Secundi Scotorum Regis Serenissimi indulgentiam faciente jus ac facultatem studii generalis sanciente Nicolao Quinto Pontifice Romano ejus erectionem constitutionem magno labore sumptibus procurante Reverendo Antistite Guilielmo Turnbullo Episcopo Glascuensi The words of the Bull are Vt studium generale vigeat tam in Theologia ac jure Canonico civili quam artibus qualibet alia facultate quodque Doctores Magistri ibidem omnibus singulis privilegiis libertatibus honoribus immunitatibus exemptionibus per sedem Apostolicam vel alios quomodolibet Magistros Doctoribus Studentibus in studio nostrae Civitatis Canoniensis Concessis gaudeant utantur The persons founded were a Rector a Dean of Faculty a Principal or Warden who was to teach Theology Three Professors to teach Philosophy Afterwards some Clergy-men professed the Laws here being invited to that profesâ—â—on rather by the convâ—nience of a Collegiate life and the immunities of the University than by any considerable Salary King James the Sixth Anno 1577. did establish Twelve persons in the Colledge viz a Principal three Professors of â—hâ—losophy called Regents four Scholars called Bursars an Oeconomus or Provisor who furnisheth the Table with provisions the principal Servant a anitor and a Cook Benefactors The Kings of Scotland have been great Benefactors to this University King James the Second the Founder of it did bestow considerable Revenues and endowed it with many priviledges and immunities The words of the Letter under the Great Seal 12. Kal. Maii 1453. are Omnes singulos Rectores qui pro tempore fuerint facultatum Decanos procuratores Nationum Regentes Magistros Scholares in hac universitate studentes sub nostra firma pace custodia defensione manutentia suscipimus eosdemque Rectores c. ab omnibus Triâ—utis exactionibus Taxationibus collectis vigiliis custodiis eximimus postea eximendos statuimus The same priviledges were confirmed by King James the Third Anno 1472. by King James the Fourth 1509. by King James the Fifth 1522. by Queen Mary 1547. About the time of the Reformation the University was almost brought to desolation and had been ruined had not King James the 6th in his Minority restored it by his Royal bounty and munificence He confirmed all the priviledges and bestowed upon it the Tithes of the Church of Govan Anno 1577. Afterwards he ratified all the former Acts made in favour of the University and made some new Donations Anno 1617. King Charles the First did ratifie all the old Priviledges and bestowed Money for repairing the Fabrick King Charles the Second by the Advice of the Estates of Parliament gave also Money for the same purpose Bishop Will. Turnbull by whose procurement the Popes Bull was obtained was very liberal to the Colledge bestowing upon it both Lands and Revenues and so were several of the Bishops and Archbishops who succeeded him The City of Glasgow were also Benefactors to the Colledge The Ground on which the Colledge stands with a Field adjacent thereunto was the Donation of James Lord Hamilton Since the Reformation sundry private men have given considerable sums of Money towards the maintenance of poor Sholars as William Struthers Zachary Boyd Thomas Crawford Ministers Others have bestowed Money for repairing the Fabrick as Alexander Boyd Matthew Wilson Ministers James Law Archbishop of Glasgow was very bountiful to the Colledge for he much augmented the Revenues thereof and bestowed many choice Books which are in the Library Will. Earl of Dundonald An. 1672. gave about a thousand pounds sterling towards the maintenance of Bursars John Snell hath of late bestowed six thousand Marks Scottish for enriching the Library and adorning the Fabrick The Archbishops of Glasgow are perpetual Chancellors of the University The Rector is chosen once every year David Cadyow Canon of Glasgow was the first Recotr and William Elphistoun Official of Glasgow
inclined to Bruce his Right he dealt with him promising to invest him in the Kingdom so as he would hold the same Crown of England Bruce answered that he was not so desirous of Rule as he would therefore prejudice the Liberties of the Kingdom being it was sufficiently known that Scotland from the first Foundation of the State had been a Free and Independent Kingdom and not subject to any other power whatsoever The like offer he made to the other who being more greedy of a Kingdom than careful of his Honour did yield thereunto Afterwards Baliol assisted with the Nobility did meditate upon a Revenge of King Edward's proceedings with him in that Juncture of Time by forcing Baliol to swear subjection to him at which the Nobility were so much displeased About this Time King Edward sent to crave a supply of men to be sent him by virtue of the Late Allegiance sworn by Baliol which was utterly rejected as unjust he having then War with France Upon this defection of Baliol King Edward entered into Scotland with a mighty Army and prevailed Baliol being overthrown King Edward his Course for Extirpating the Scots And now did the State seem to be wholly ruined for Edward intending to make sure his Title led away captive all that had the least ability to stir and to extinguish if it had been possible the very memory of the Nation He abolished all the Antient Laws of Scotland traduced the Ecclesiastical Rites to the Forms of England destroyed the Antient Monuments erected either by the Romans or their own Progenitors buâ—nt all the Registers with that famous Library of Restennoth wherein besides many other Volumes were reserved the Books which King Fergus the Second brought with him from Rome removed the Marble Chair in which as the Vulgar believed the Fate of the Kingdom did consist In fine left nothing which might incite generous spirits to remember their former Fortunes or encourage them in any sort to virtue worthiness which makes any account of the Kingdom as to its Registers the less voluminous This is not a place to declare how the English afterward at Banockbâ—rn were wholly defeated without leaving any to carry the News thereof into England but this would be too great a digression The next thing to be considered is What that Monster of Rebellion Cromwell I mean thought fit as a very valuable pledge to send to the Tower of London viz. all the publick Registers Records and Rolls of the Kingdom which lay there till His Majesties happy Restauration after which by the King's Orders they were sent down by Sea to be laid up in the Castle of Edinburgh but the Ship that was loaden with them was cast away near the Holy Island so they were all irrecoverably lost and sunk Dempster in his Apparatus to the Scottish History promised a great many things to the World which he never performed Some have thought that he only amused the People by the undertaking he mentions in that Book Others believed that he knew a great many Manuscripts beyond Sea which were carried thither by Monks and Friers at the Reformation In most Religious Houses there was a Chronicle written of the Times some in Rithme English and Latine some in Prose but there cannot be much made out of them they being full of Legends and Stories There are besides very considerable Manuscripts in Scotland that relate to private Families and give an account of several publick Transactions as the Histories of the Families of the Drummonds Gordons and Duglass's c. But they all come far short of what might have been expected from these Registers that have been lost and destroyed Therefore we must rely upon the Credit of our Antient Historians being there are no means left to correct them by FINIS