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the_o second_o year_n of_o king_n e._n 3._o by_o a_o order_n in_o parliament_n make_v upon_o a_o petition_n there_o exhibete_v against_o this_o grant_n bring_v a_o scire_fw-la facias_fw-la out_o of_o the_o chancery_n returnable_a in_o the_o king_n bench_n to_o question_v again_o the_o lawfullnesse_n of_o the_o patent_n and_o in_o that_o suit_n the_o cause_n be_v notable_o debate_v and_o those_o reason_n much_o insist_v upon_o that_o have_v be_v enforce_v in_o this_o case_n as_o that_o of_o the_o king_n power_n in_o the_o custody_n of_o the_o port_n but_o the_o matter_n so_o depend_v in_o the_o ordinary_a court_n of_o justice_n a_o writ_n come_v out_o of_o the_o parliament_n and_o do_v adjourn_v it_o thither_o again_o where_o it_o give_v occasion_n of_o a_o good_a law_n to_o be_v make_v to_o prevent_v the_o like_a grant_n and_o to_o make_v they_o void_a notwithstanding_o any_o judgement_n give_v upon_o they_o and_o to_o make_v such_o judgement_n also_o void_a the_o statute_n be_v 9_o e._n 3._o c._n 1._o 1._o 9_o e._n 3._o c._n 1._o everyal_n en_fw-fr and_o denizen_n may_v
carry_v his_o merchandise_n where_o it_o please_v he_o notwithstanding_o any_o charter_n grant_v or_o judgement_n thereupon_o 16._o &_o 〈◊〉_d reâ—_n 1._o and_o in_o the_o parliament_n roll_n 2._o h._n 4._o num_fw-la 109._o we_o find_v a_o notable_a record_n which_o give_v warrant_n for_o the_o proceed_n in_o parliament_n in_o this_o manner_n as_o have_v be_v in_o this_o case_n notwithstanding_o the_o judgement_n in_o the_o exchequer_n and_o declare_v to_o the_o kingdom_n that_o notwithstanding_o the_o great_a wonder_n make_v by_o some_o man_n nothing_o have_v be_v do_v in_o this_o business_n by_o those_o that_o serve_v in_o the_o parliament_n but_o in_o imitation_n of_o their_o worthy_a predecessor_n in_o the_o very_a like_o case_n in_o the_o second_o year_n of_o h._n 4._o the_o commons_o show_v that_o in_o the_o time_n of_o r._n 2._o by_o the_o mean_n of_o john_n waltham_n bishop_n of_o salisbury_n treasurer_n of_o england_n wrongful_o without_o authority_n of_o parliament_n and_o by_o reason_n of_o a_o judgement_n give_v in_o the_o exchequer_n 16._o &_o 17._o r._n 2._o by_o the_o baron_n there_o against_o certain_a merchant_n of_o bristol_n and_o other_o place_n passage_n have_v be_v take_v for_o wine_n otherwise_o than_o in_o ancient_a time_n have_v be_v and_o therefore_o they_o pray_v they_o may_v pay_v their_o prize_n wine_n in_o the_o manner_n they_o have_v use_v to_o pay_v notwithstanding_o any_o judgement_n give_v in_o the_o exchequer_n or_o other_o ordinance_n make_v by_o the_o say_a treasurer_n contrary_a to_o the_o ancient_a usage_n which_o petition_n the_o king_n grant_v and_o the_o judgement_n thereupon_o become_v void_a and_o the_o prisage_n wine_n have_v be_v pay_v contrary_a to_o the_o judgement_n ever_o since_o in_o 1._o 165._o 1._o el._n dier_n 165._o el._n dier_n 165._o upon_o the_o complaint_n make_v by_o the_o merchant_n of_o the_o imposition_n set_v upon_o cloth_n by_o queen_n mary_n by_o her_o absolute_a power_n without_o assent_n of_o parliament_n the_o cause_n be_v think_v too_o weighty_a to_o be_v decide_v in_o any_o one_o court_n but_o as_o it_o appear_v in_o the_o book_n it_o be_v refer_v to_o all_o the_o judge_n of_o england_n who_o divers_a time_n have_v conference_n about_o it_o so_o it_o may_v well_o be_v there_o be_v nothing_o against_o it_o in_o our_o year_n book_n for_o there_o be_v nothing_o of_o it_o another_o objection_n be_v this_o which_o be_v make_v in_o the_o last_o argument_n viz._n that_o custom_n be_v original_o due_a by_o the_o common_a law_n of_o england_n it_o can_v then_o have_v no_o other_o ground_n or_o cause_n but_o mere_o by_o the_o king_n royal_a prerogative_n as_o a_o right_n and_o duty_n original_o belong_v to_o his_o crown_n which_o if_o it_o be_v it_o must_v necessary_o follow_v he_o may_v impose_v for_o that_o be_v but_o the_o exercise_v of_o that_o right_n to_o prove_v this_o be_v allege_v the_o case_n 39_o 3.13_o 39_o e._n 3.13_o e._n 3.13_o by_o which_o case_n it_o appear_v that_o king_n john_n have_v a_o custom_n of_o eight_o penny_n on_o a_o tonn_n of_o wine_n in_o the_o part_n of_o southampton_a but_o the_o book_n do_v not_o tell_v you_o that_o the_o king_n have_v it_o by_o prerogative_n and_o he_o may_v have_v it_o aswell_o otherwise_o as_o by_o prescription_n or_o convention_n which_o shall_v rather_o be_v intend_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o certainty_n of_o the_o sum_n pay_v for_o if_o it_o be_v by_o prerogative_n he_o may_v take_v sometime_o more_o sometime_o less_o at_o his_o will_n the_o right_a be_v indefinite_a and_o the_o quantity_n limit_v only_o by_o his_o own_o discretion_n 352._o 18._o el_n dier_n 352._o a_o common_a person_n may_v have_v such_o a_o custom_n certain_a as_o 18._o el._n dier_n 352._o the_o mayor_n of_o london_n have_v the_o twenty_o part_n of_o salt_n bring_v into_o the_o city_n by_o alien_n which_o be_v a_o great_a imposition_n but_o be_v good_a by_o prescription_n original_o and_o have_v receive_v great_a strength_n since_o by_o act_n of_o parliament_n make_v for_o the_o confirmation_n of_o the_o liberty_n and_o custom_n of_o the_o city_n of_o london_n so_o it_o appear_v 43._o dier_n 43._o that_o john_n of_o britain_n have_v custom_n of_o the_o ship_n that_o arrive_v at_o his_o port_n of_o little_a yarmouth_n worth_a twenty_o pound_n per_fw-la a_o and_o these_o instance_n do_v infer_v that_o a_o custom_n may_v be_v otherwise_o then_o by_o prerogative_n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v no_o good_a argument_n to_o conclude_v the_o king_n have_v such_o a_o custom_n therefore_o he_o have_v it_o by_o prerogative_n the_o book_n in_o 30._o h._n 8._o dier_n 43._o 43._o 30._o hen._n 8._o dier_n 43._o be_v much_o press_v on_o this_o point_n which_o say_v that_o custom_n belong_v to_o the_o king_n at_o common_a law_n and_o do_v instance_n in_o wool_n will_v fell_n and_o leather_n begin_v at_o the_o common_a law_n but_o abridge_v by_o the_o statute_n of_o 14._o e._n 3._o ca._n 21._o stat_fw-la 1._o statn_n 14._o ed._n 3._o c._n 21._o statn_n r._n but_o this_o appear_v to_o be_v a_o great_a error_n and_o mistake_v in_o the_o book_n for_o we_o do_v find_v that_o that_o custom_n of_o wool_n wooll-fells_a and_o leather_n be_v begin_v by_o a_o grant_n in_o parliament_n as_o appear_v in_o statute_n 15._o e._n 1._o ca._n 7._o the_o word_n be_v grant_v to_o we_o by_o the_o commonalty_n aforesaid_a and_o the_o last_o mention_n before_o be_v that_o the_o king_n have_v grant_v to_o the_o bishop_n earl_n baron_n and_o all_o the_o commonalty_n of_o land_n etc._n etc._n novem._n 3._o ed._n 1._o the_o king_n recite_v in_o his_o letter_n patent_n that_o prelati_fw-la magnates_fw-la actota_fw-la communitas_fw-la mercatorum_fw-la regni_fw-la grant_v this_o new_a custom_n and_o so_o the_o ground_n and_o motive_n of_o that_o opinion_n be_v false_a all_o ground_a upon_o that_o must_v needs_o be_v erroneous_a it_o be_v object_v that_o the_o king_n hold_v at_o this_o day_n the_o increase_n of_o four_o penny_n in_o the_o pound_n over_o due_a custom_n pay_v by_o merchant_n alien_n according_a to_o the_o purport_n of_o the_o charta_fw-la mercatoria_fw-la 31._o e._n 1._o turri_n rot._n char_n 31._o e._n 1._o nu_fw-la 44._o in_o turri_n by_o mere_a right_n of_o prerogative_n at_o the_o common_a law_n for_o by_o that_o grant_n of_o the_o merchant_n he_o can_v hold_v it_o they_o be_v no_o body_n politic_a at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o grant_n and_o therefore_o the_o grant_n be_v mere_o void_a to_o bind_v in_o succession_n and_o yet_o the_o merchant_n alien_n do_v pay_v it_o at_o this_o day_n it_o be_v agree_v that_o by_o the_o common-law_n a_o contract_n with_o a_o number_n not_o incorporate_v bind_v not_o succession_n but_o we_o must_v take_v notice_n that_o they_o by_o who_o that_o grant_n be_v make_v of_o the_o augmentation_n of_o custom_n by_o threepence_n in_o the_o pound_n and_o other_o increase_v 31._o e._n 1._o be_v merchant_n alien_n who_o by_o the_o law_n of_o merchant_n and_o nation_n may_v contract_v to_o bind_v their_o successor_n in_o matter_n of_o traffic_n for_o their_o contract_n be_v not_o rule_v by_o the_o common_a law_n of_o the_o land_n but_o by_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n &_o per_fw-la â—egem_fw-la mercatoriam_fw-la as_o the_o book_n case_n be_v 13._o ed._n 4.10_o and_o there_o be_v a_o good_a consideration_n give_v they_o by_o the_o king_n for_o this_o increase_n of_o custom_n as_o discharge_v of_o prize_n wine_n for_o two_o shilling_n the_o tonn_n and_o other_o immunity_n which_o all_o merchant_n alien_n hold_v and_o enjoy_v at_o this_o day_n by_o force_n of_o that_o contract_n make_v 31._o e._n 1._o for_o a_o stranger_n pay_v now_o but_o two_o shilling_n the_o tonn_n for_o prisage_n whereas_o it_o stand_v a_o english_a man_n in_o much_o more_o so_o as_o the_o rule_n of_o commutative_a justice_n make_v the_o contract_n available_a to_o the_o king_n against_o the_o merchant_n because_o he_o part_v with_o part_n of_o his_o prisage_n to_o the_o merchant_n and_o make_v it_o available_a to_o the_o merchant_n against_o the_o king_n because_o he_o give_v he_o increase_v of_o custom_n above_o that_o be_v due_a by_o law_n 26_o 27._o e._n 3._o c_o 26_o but_o the_o statute_n of_o 27._o e._n 3._o cap._n 26._o heretofore_o cite_v do_v make_v this_o point_n clear_a without_o scruple_n which_o confirm_v the_o charter_n of_o 31._o e._n 1._o entire_o and_o by_o that_o the_o increase_n of_o custom_n by_o threepence_n in_o the_o pound_n which_o be_v by_o name_n mention_v in_o the_o statute_n be_v now_o due_a by_o act_n of_o parliament_n if_o you_o will_v have_v the_o king_n hold_v this_o increase_n of_o custom_n by_o prerogative_n you_o go_v direct_o against_o his_o meaning_n for_o it_o appear_v by_o that_o which_o present_o follow_v this_o grant_n that_o the_o king_n take_v this_o increase_n of_o
matter_n in_o question_n and_o therefore_o i_o will_v set_v it_o down_o as_o i_o find_v it_o verbatiâ—n_v in_o the_o record_n in_o the_o tower_n ensement_n novelles_fw-fr custom_n sont_fw-fr levy_n &_o ancient_n enhaunce_n come_v sur_fw-fr levy_z drape_n vine_n aver_v du_fw-fr pcis_fw-la &_o aut_fw-la choses_fw-fr purguoy_fw-fr les_fw-fr merchant_n veynont_n pluis_fw-it vilement_n &_o meynes_n de_fw-fr bien_fw-fr menynont_fw-fr en_fw-fr la_fw-fr terre_fw-fr &_o les_fw-fr merchant_n estranger_n the_o murront_n pluis_fw-it longment_n que_fw-fr ils_fw-fr soloyent_n fair_a pour_fw-fr le_fw-fr quel_fw-fr demoure_n les_fw-fr choses_fw-fr sont_fw-fr le_fw-fr pluis_fw-it enhaunces_n que_fw-fr ils_fw-fr ne_fw-fr soloyent_n estre_fw-fr all_o damage_n de_fw-fr roy_fw-fr &_o the_o son_n people_n nouâ—_n ordonomus_fw-la que_fw-fr tout_fw-fr manner_n de_fw-fr male_a toll_v levy_n puy_v the_o coronement_n de_fw-fr roy_fw-fr ed._n fair_a de_fw-fr roy_fw-fr henry_n 〈◊〉_d â—â—â—irement_n ouste_v &_o de_fw-fr tout_fw-fr estreint_n pour_fw-fr tout_fw-fr jours_fw-fr nient_a â—â—â—iristeant_n le_fw-fr chartre_fw-fr que_fw-fr le_fw-fr dict_z roy_fw-fr ed._n fist_n as_o merchant_n alien_n pour_fw-fr ceo_fw-la que_fw-fr il_fw-fr fuit_fw-la fait_fw-fr contra_fw-la le_fw-fr grand_fw-fr char._n &_o encountre_n le_fw-fr franchise_n de_fw-fr la_fw-fr city_n de_fw-fr londres_n &_o sans_o assent_n de_fw-fr baronage_n etc._n etc._n savant_n neque_fw-la dont_fw-fr all_o roy_fw-fr le_fw-fr custom_n de_fw-fr leynes_o peulx_fw-fr &_o the_o quir_n &c_n &c_n si_fw-mi aver_v les_fw-fr do_v it_o by_o this_o law_n be_v recite_v that_o by_o the_o leve_n of_o new_a coustome_n and_o by_o the_o raise_n of_o old_a traffic_n be_v destroy_v and_o all_o thing_n make_v dear_a and_o therefore_o all_o new_a imposition_n and_o custom_n be_v dscharge_v chartâ_fw-la mercatoriâ_fw-la by_o which_o custom_n be_v increase_v on_o alien_n be_v take_v away_o and_o the_o reason_n allege_v because_o it_o be_v sans_o assent_n de_fw-fr baronage_n and_o against_o the_o great_a charter_n and_o this_o be_v further_a which_o this_o clause_n save_v to_o the_o king_n his_o custom_n of_o wool_n wollfells_a and_o leather_n si_fw-mi aver_v les_fw-fr do_v it_o great_a war_n have_v be_v raise_v against_o the_o credit_n of_o this_o law_n in_o the_o parliament_n house_n and_o three_o thing_n have_v be_v especial_o object_v against_o it_o first_o that_o it_o be_v no_o law_n for_o it_o be_v enforce_v upon_o the_o king_n by_o some_o of_o the_o nobility_n that_o be_v too_o strong_a for_o he_o the_o realm_n be_v then_o in_o tumult_n and_o mutiny_n about_o the_o quarrel_n of_o peirce_n of_o gaveston_n so_o never_o have_v the_o king_n free_a consent_n but_o he_o give_v way_n unto_o it_o for_o fear_n of_o great_a mischief_n second_o that_o in_o itself_o it_o be_v unjust_a as_o in_o take_v away_o the_o custom_n grant_v to_o the_o king_n by_o charta_fw-la mercatoria_fw-la 31._o e._n 1._o and_o in_o make_v doubt_n whether_o the_o king_n shall_v have_v the_o custom_n of_o wool_n etc._n etc._n by_o those_o word_n save_v it_o to_o he_o si_fw-mi aner_n les_fw-fr do_v it_o the_o three_o objection_n be_v that_o if_o it_o be_v a_o law_n it_o be_v repeal_v to_o these_o i_o give_v particular_a answer_n to_o the_o first_o that_o this_o statute_n be_v make_v both_o at_o the_o instance_n of_o the_o king_n and_o people_n with_o a_o purpose_n and_o intention_n on_o all_o part_n to_o settle_v thing_n in_o a_o stay_n and_o order_n both_o in_o the_o king_n house_n and_o commonwealth_n the_o king_n and_o his_o noble_n stand_v in_o good_a term_n when_o this_o business_n be_v take_v in_o hand_n and_o it_o be_v begin_v and_o end_v with_o great_a solemnity_n and_o ceremony_n for_o the_o king_n in_o the_o three_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n give_v commission_n under_o his_o great_a seal_n to_o 32._o lord_n spiritual_a and_o temporal_a 2._o com._n 16._o mâ—r._n 3._o e._n 2._o rot._n ordin_fw-fr 5._o e._n 2._o of_o which_o there_o be_v eleven_o bishop_n eight_o earl_n and_o thirteen_o baron_n they_o be_v as_o committee_n of_o the_o high_a house_n to_o devise_v ordinance_n for_o the_o good_a government_n of_o of_o his_o house_n and_o his_o realm_n in_o which_o commission_n he_o do_v for_o the_o honour_n of_o god_n the_o good_a of_o he_o and_o of_o his_o realm_n of_o his_o freewill_n grant_v to_o the_o prelate_n earl_n and_o baron_n and_o other_o elect_v by_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n full_a power_n to_o ordain_v the_o state_n of_o his_o house_n and_o realm_n by_o such_o ordinance_n as_o by_o they_o shall_v be_v make_v to_o the_o honour_n of_o god_n the_o honour_n and_o profit_n of_o holy_a church_n the_o honour_n of_o himself_o the_o profit_n of_o he_o and_o his_o people_n according_a to_o right_n and_o reason_n and_o the_o oath_n he_o make_v at_o his_o coronation_n these_o join_n with_o other_o of_o discreet_a commons_o in_o parliament_n and_o take_v every_o of_o they_o a_o solemn_a oath_n for_o their_o sincere_a demeanour_n in_o the_o business_n do_v make_v this_o and_o other_o ordinance_n which_o be_v so_o well_o like_v of_o by_o the_o king_n that_o after_o they_o be_v make_v he_o take_v a_o oath_n to_o observe_v they_o ordin_fw-fr pullic_fw-la 3._o kal._n oct._n 5._o e._n 2._o rot_v ordin_fw-fr pâ—t_fw-la 5._o oct._n 5._o e._n 2._o rot._n ordin_fw-fr and_o cause_v they_o to_o be_v publish_v in_o paul_n churchyard_n by_o the_o bishop_n of_o salisbury_n by_o denounce_v excommunication_n against_o all_o that_o shall_v wilful_o infringe_v they_o and_o by_o his_o letter_n patent_n date_v 5._o oct._n 5._o regni_fw-la svi_fw-la do_v send_v they_o through_o the_o realm_n to_o be_v publish_v and_o from_o thenceforth_o to_o be_v observe_v thereby_o signify_v his_o great_a like_n and_o approbation_n of_o they_o after_o which_o they_o have_v the_o force_n and_o power_n of_o law_n give_v unto_o they_o in_o the_o parliament_n in_o the_o five_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n the_o second_o objection_n which_o be_v the_o injustness_n of_o the_o law_n instance_a in_o two_o point_n the_o take_v away_o of_o charta_fw-la mercatoria_fw-la and_o the_o doubt_v of_o the_o king_n right_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o woll_n wollfells_a and_o leather_n etc._n etc._n to_o the_o first_o of_o these_o i_o deny_v it_o to_o be_v unjust_a but_o to_o be_v according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o england_n and_o liberty_n of_o the_o kingdom_n for_o that_o charter_n do_v contain_v in_o it_o divers_a grant_n of_o thing_n which_o be_v not_o in_o the_o power_n of_o the_o king_n to_o grant_v without_o assent_n of_o parliament_n as_o the_o trial_n per_fw-la medietatem_fw-la linguae_fw-la and_o other_o thing_n tend_v to_o the_o alteration_n of_o the_o law_n and_o burden_v of_o the_o people_n and_o therefore_o that_o charter_n never_o have_v his_o undoubted_a and_o settle_a force_n until_o it_o be_v confirm_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n but_o lay_v asleep_o almost_o twenty_o year_n together_o without_o be_v put_v in_o execution_n between_o 5._o e._n 2._o and_o 27._o e._n 3._o when_o it_o be_v confirm_v for_o the_o doubt_n that_o be_v suppose_v to_o be_v make_v in_o the_o statute_n of_o the_o king_n right_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o wool_n wooll-fells_a and_o leather_n i_o take_v it_o there_o be_v no_o such_o doubt_n make_v for_o the_o word_n save_v the_o king_n right_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o wool_n si_fw-mi aver_v les_fw-fr do_v it_o have_v this_o construction_n that_o be_v at_o such_o time_n as_o he_o ought_v to_o have_v it_o so_o the_o word_n si_fw-la have_v the_o signification_n of_o quando_fw-la for_o it_o have_v be_v a_o folly_n to_o have_v make_v a_o save_v of_o that_o of_o the_o right_a whereof_o they_o have_v doubt_v neither_o be_v it_o likely_a but_o that_o they_o will_v have_v take_v it_o away_o if_o it_o have_v not_o be_v lawful_a but_o there_o be_v no_o colour_n to_o doubt_v of_o the_o right_n of_o it_o for_o it_o be_v give_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n and_o ever_o continue_v in_o force_n without_o challenge_n or_o exception_n to_o the_o lawfullnesse_n of_o it_o the_o three_o objection_n be_v that_o this_o statute_n be_v repeal_v to_o this_o i_o plead_v nullum_fw-la vale_n recordum_fw-la if_o it_o be_v repeal_v it_o must_v be_v by_o act_n of_o parliament_n for_o unumquodque_fw-la dissoluitur_fw-la iâ—sdem_fw-la modis_fw-la quibus_fw-la est_fw-la colligatum_fw-la i_o and_o other_o have_v search_v the_o record_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o endeavour_v by_o all_o mean_n to_o inform_v ourselves_o of_o the_o truth_n herein_o and_o we_o can_v find_v no_o act_n of_o parliament_n of_o repeal_n the_o truth_n be_v some_o king_n find_v these_o law_n not_o to_o sort_v to_o their_o will_n and_o humour_n have_v endeavour_v to_o suppress_v they_o but_o they_o didnever_v yet_o obtain_v a_o repeal_n of_o they_o by_o act_n of_o parliament_n but_o it_o be_v further_o urge_v that_o although_o there_o be_v no_o formal_a repeal_n of_o the_o law_n yet_o it_o be_v
never_o put_v in_o execution_n as_o a_o law_n but_o even_o present_o upon_o the_o make_n be_v reject_v and_o use_v and_o practice_n go_v quite_o against_o it_o and_o for_o instance_n hereof_o a_o record_n be_v vouch_v that_o e._n 2._o hold_v himself_o so_o little_o bind_v by_o it_o as_o that_o in_o the_o 11_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n he_o set_v a_o imposition_n without_o assent_n of_o parliament_n upon_o wool_n woollfel_n leather_n wines_n cloth_n averde_v pois_n and_o divers_a other_o kind_n of_o merchandize_n to_o this_o i_o answer_v that_o if_o it_o be_v true_a that_o a_o distinct_a and_o impotent_a king_n as_o he_o be_v do_v contrary_a to_o the_o law_n do_v this_o make_v the_o law_n void_a and_o no_o law_n but_o if_o we_o look_v into_o the_o whole_a record_n and_o skanne_v this_o action_n of_o e._n 2._o from_o the_o begin_n of_o it_o unto_o the_o end_n we_o shall_v find_v it_o a_o very_a good_a instance_n to_o prove_v the_o practice_n and_o execution_n both_o of_o this_o law_n of_o 5._o e._n 2._o and_o of_o that_o in_o 25._o e._n 1._o for_o it_o be_v true_a that_o e._n 2._o in_o the_o 11_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n do_v borrow_v of_o the_o merchant_n a_o certain_a sum_n of_o money_n above_o the_o due_a custom_n of_o wool_n woollfel_n wine_n averdepois_fw-mi leather_n and_o such_o other_o good_n import_v and_o export_v but_o it_o appear_v by_o the_o record_n he_o take_v it_o but_o for_o one_o year_n he_o take_v it_o by_o the_o advice_n and_o counsel_n of_o the_o merchant_n and_o he_o take_v it_o per_fw-la viam_fw-la mutui_fw-la as_o a_o loan_n the_o direction_n of_o the_o writ_n be_v 2._o rot._n clau_n 11._o e_o 2._o collectoribus_fw-la mutui_fw-la nobis_fw-la per_fw-la mercatores_fw-la alienigenas_fw-la &_o indigenas_fw-la de_fw-la certis_fw-la rebus_fw-la &_o merchandisis_fw-la usque_fw-la ad_fw-la certum_fw-la tempus_fw-la faciendi_fw-la this_o be_v do_v in_o good_a term_n he_o do_v not_o claim_v it_o as_o his_o right_n but_o do_v borrow_v it_o which_o i_o do_v think_v be_v a_o good_a evidence_n against_o his_o right_n but_o what_o become_v of_o this_o the_o state_n will_v not_o abide_v it_o for_o all_o these_o fair_a show_n and_o therefore_o afterward_o the_o king_n send_v out_o other_o writ_n by_o which_o he_o discharge_v all_o merchandize_n of_o this_o loan_n save_v only_a wool_n woollfel_n and_o leather_n and_o for_o the_o loan_n take_v upon_o those_o commodity_n it_o be_v limit_v to_o continue_v but_o until_o michaelmas_n after_o and_o good_a security_n be_v give_v to_o the_o merchant_n by_o the_o customer_n to_o pay_v themselves_o by_o way_n of_o defalcation_n out_o of_o the_o custom_n which_o shall_v be_v due_a after_o michaelmas_n those_o sum_n which_o be_v so_o borrow_v of_o they_o the_o word_n of_o the_o record_n be_v worth_a the_o observe_n 2._o rot._n finium_fw-la 11._o e._n 2._o cum_fw-la pro_fw-la expeditione_n guerrae_fw-la scotiae_fw-la &_o alijs_fw-la arduis_fw-la &_o urgentibus_fw-la necessitatibus_fw-la nobis_fw-la multipliciter_fw-la incumbentibus_fw-la pro_fw-la quarum_fw-la exoneratione_fw-la quasi_fw-la infinitam_fw-la pecuniam_fw-la refundere_fw-la oportebit_fw-la pecunia_fw-la plurimum_fw-la indigeamus_fw-la in_o presenti_fw-la &_o nuper_fw-la pro_fw-la eo_fw-la quod_fw-la exitus_fw-la regni_fw-la &_o terrarum_fw-la nostrarum_fw-la simul_fw-la cumpecunia_fw-la nobis_fw-la in_o subventione_n praemissorum_fw-la tam_fw-la per_fw-la clerum_fw-la quam_fw-la communitatem_fw-la regni_fw-la nostri_fw-la concessa_fw-la ad_fw-la sumptus_fw-la praedictos_fw-la cum_fw-la festinatione_fw-la qua_fw-la expediret_fw-la faciendos_fw-la non_fw-la sufficiunt_fw-la exquirentes_fw-la vias_fw-la &_o modos_fw-la quibus_fw-la possemus_fw-la pecuniam_fw-la habere_fw-la commodius_fw-la &_o decentius_fw-la pro_fw-la praemissis_fw-la de_fw-la consilio_fw-la &_o advisamento_fw-la quorundam_fw-la mercatorum_fw-la tam_fw-la alienigenarum_fw-la quam_fw-la indigenarum_fw-la viam_fw-la invenimus_fw-la infra_fw-la script_n viz._n and_o so_o set_v down_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o loan_n and_o the_o security_n for_o the_o payment_n of_o it_o this_o i_o take_v it_o be_v neither_o a_o imposition_n nor_o a_o wrong_n in_o any_o respect_n also_o by_o the_o first_o record_v it_o appear_v that_o the_o loan_n set_v on_o wine_n averdepois_fw-mi and_o such_o other_o commodity_n beside_o wool_n woollfel_n and_o leather_n be_v present_o discharge_v by_o e._n 2._o which_o show_v they_o be_v take_v to_o be_v within_o the_o intent_n of_o the_o statute_n of_o 25_o e._n 1._o the_o five_o statute_n allege_v on_o the_o behalf_n of_o the_o subject_n be_v that_o 14._o 21._o 14_o e._n 3._o stat._n 1._o ca._n 21._o e._n 3._o stat._n 1._o ca._n 21._o by_o which_o the_o commons_o pray_v the_o king_n to_o take_v no_o more_o than_o the_o old_a custom_n of_o the_o half_a mark_n the_o king_n pray_v aid_n of_o the_o commons_o for_o a_o time_n above_o the_o custom_n upon_o his_o necessity_n of_o war_n and_o the_o conclusion_n be_v that_o by_o that_o act_n the_o king_n do_v grant_v that_o after_o the_o feast_n of_o pentecost_n twelve_o month_n follow_v he_o will_v take_v no_o more_o of_o wool_n woollfel_n &_o leather_n but_o the_o old_a custom_n and_o do_v promise_n to_o charge_n set_v or_o assess_v upon_o the_o custom_n but_o in_o manner_n as_o aforesaid_a the_o six_o statute_n be_v 14._o e._n 3._o stat._n 2._o ca._n 1._o 1._o 14_o e._n 3._o stat_fw-la 2._o ca._n 1._o the_o king_n do_v grant_v by_o way_n of_o charter_n to_o the_o prelate_n earl_n baron_n commons_o citizens_z burgess_n and_o merchant_n that_o they_o be_v not_o from_o thenceforth_o charge_v nor_o grieve_v to_o make_v any_o aid_n or_o sustain_v charge_n if_o it_o be_v not_o by_o the_o common_a consent_n of_o the_o prelate_n earl_n baron_n and_o other_o great_a man_n and_o commons_o of_o the_o realm_n and_o that_o in_o parliament_n these_o two_o statute_n grow_v upon_o occasion_n of_o a_o imposition_n set_v on_o wool_n by_o the_o king_n without_o assent_n of_o parliament_n little_a have_v be_v object_v against_o they_o but_o only_o to_o the_o first_o that_o it_o be_v obtain_v of_o grace_n and_o not_o upon_o instance_n of_o right_n which_o they_o gather_v out_o of_o the_o word_n of_o the_o law_n which_o be_v the_o commons_o pray_v the_o king_n that_o he_o will_v establish_v that_o from_o henceforth_o no_o more_o but_o the_o old_a custom_n be_v take_v the_o like_a reason_n may_v be_v make_v against_o the_o king_n out_o of_o the_o same_o word_n in_o the_o same_o law_n for_o the_o king_n in_o the_o same_o act_n pray_v the_o commons_o to_o give_v he_o a_o imposition_n upon_o wool_n for_o a_o time_n above_o the_o old_a custom_n but_o the_o record_n of_o the_o petition_n exhibit_v in_o parliament_n upon_o which_o these_o two_o law_n be_v make_v clear_v the_o objection_n the_o first_o be_v deliver_v by_o the_o lord_n in_o this_o form_n 5._o rot._n paâ—l_o 13._o e._n 3._o num_fw-la 5._o les_fw-fr grands_fw-fr volunt_fw-la that_o the_o maletoll_v set_v on_o wool_n new_o be_v altogether_o abate_v and_o that_o the_o old_a custom_n behold_v and_o that_o they_o may_v have_v this_o in_o point_n of_o charter_n and_o by_o inrollment_n in_o parliament_n this_o word_n volunt_fw-la have_v be_v too_o high_a for_o a_o suit_n of_o grace_n and_o therefore_o must_v be_v intend_v of_o right_a the_o commons_o petition_v in_o form_n be_v somewhat_o humble_a but_o in_o effect_n and_o purpose_n be_v rough_a and_o stern_a 13._o rot._n parl_n 13._o e._n 3._o nu_fw-la 13._o the_o word_n be_v these_o the_o commons_o pray_v that_o the_o maletoll_n of_o wool_n be_v take_v as_o it_o be_v use_v in_o ancient_a time_n which_o be_v now_o enhance_a without_o the_o assent_n of_o the_o commons_o and_o grandes_fw-fr as_o we_o conceive_v and_o that_o if_o it_o be_v otherwise_o demand_v that_o every_o one_o of_o the_o commons_o may_v arrest_v they_o without_o be_v challenge_v according_a to_o these_o petition_n the_o first_o of_o these_o two_o law_n be_v by_o inrolment_n in_o parliament_n the_o second_o be_v in_o form_n of_o a_o charter_n the_o first_o do_v express_v some_o special_a commodity_n the_o second_o do_v reach_v general_o at_o all_o the_o seven_o law_n direct_o touch_v this_o point_n 2._o 14._o e._n 3._o sâ—at_n 2._o ca._n 2._o be_v that_o 14._o e._n 3._o stat_fw-la 2._o ca._n 2._o the_o king_n do_v grant_v according_a to_o the_o great_a charter_n that_o all_o merchant_n denizen_n and_o foreigner_n may_v without_o let_v safe_o come_v into_o the_o realm_n of_o england_n with_o their_o good_n and_o merchandize_n and_o safe_o tarry_v and_o safe_o return_v pay_v the_o subsidy_n custom_n and_o other_o profit_n reasonable_o due_a upon_o the_o word_n of_o this_o law_n be_v great_a advantage_n take_v in_o this_o that_o beside_o custom_n and_o subsidy_n which_o comprehend_v all_o the_o certain_a &_o ordinary_a duty_n the_o king_n have_v upon_o the_o &_o ware_n &_o good_n of_o merchant_n there_o be_v other_o profit_v speak_v of_o to_o be_v due_a
they_o must_v be_v qualify_v ere_o they_o be_v confess_v but_o the_o inference_n and_o argument_n make_v upon_o they_o i_o utter_o deny_v for_o in_o it_o there_o be_v mutatio_fw-la hypothesis_n and_o a_o transition_n from_o a_o thing_n of_o one_o nature_n to_o a_o thing_n of_o another_o as_o the_o premise_n be_v of_o a_o power_n in_o the_o king_n only_o fiduciary_a and_o in_o point_n of_o trust_n and_o government_n the_o conclusion_n infer_v a_o right_a of_o interest_n and_o gain_n admit_v the_o king_n have_v custodiam_fw-la portuum_fw-la yet_o he_o have_v but_o the_o custody_n which_o be_v trust_v and_o not_o dominium_fw-la utile_fw-la he_o have_v power_n to_o open_v and_o shut_v upon_o consideration_n of_o public_a good_a to_o the_o people_n and_o state_n but_o not_o to_o make_v gain_n and_o benefit_n by_o it_o the_o one_o be_v protection_n the_o other_o be_v expilation_n publici_fw-la portus_n sunt_fw-la publici_fw-la the_o port_n in_o their_o own_o nature_n be_v public_a free_a for_o all_o to_o go_v in_o and_o out_o yet_o for_o the_o common_a good_a this_o liberty_n be_v restrainable_a by_o the_o wisdom_n and_o policy_n of_o the_o prince_n who_o be_v put_v in_o trust_n to_o discern_v the_o time_n when_o this_o natural_a liberty_n shall_v be_v restrain_v in_o 1._o h._n 7._o foe_n 10._o 7.10_o 1._o h._n 7.10_o in_o the_o case_n of_o the_o horentines_n for_o their_o allome_n the_o lord_n chief_a justice_n hussey_n do_v write_v a_o case_n that_o in_o the_o time_n of_o e._n 4._o a_o legate_n from_o the_o pope_n be_v at_o calais_n to_o come_v into_o england_n it_o be_v resolve_v in_o full_a council_n as_o the_o book_n say_v before_o the_o lord_n and_o judge_n that_o he_o shall_v not_o have_v licence_n to_o come_v into_o england_n unâ—esse_n he_o will_v take_v a_o oath_n at_o calais_n that_o he_o will_v bring_v nothing_o with_o he_o that_o shall_v be_v prejudicial_a to_o the_o king_n and_o his_o crown_n the_o king_n by_o the_o common_a law_n may_v send_v his_o writ_n ne_o exeas_fw-la regnum_fw-la to_o any_o subject_n of_o the_o realm_n but_o the_o surmise_n of_o the_o writ_n be_v quia_fw-la datum_fw-la est_fw-la nobis_fw-la intelligi_fw-la quod_fw-la tu_fw-la versus_fw-la part_n exteras_fw-la absque_fw-la licentia_fw-la nostra_fw-la clam_fw-la destinas_fw-la te_fw-la divertere_fw-la &_o quamplurima_fw-la nobis_fw-la &_o coronae_fw-la nostrae_fw-la preiudicia_fw-la prosequi_fw-la b._n fitzh_n n._n b._n 85._o b._n fitzh_n n._n b._n 85._o b._n so_o in_o point_n of_o government_n and_o common_a good_a of_o the_o realm_n he_o may_v restrain_v the_o person_n but_o to_o conclude_v therefore_o he_o may_v take_v money_n not_o to_o restrain_v be_v to_o sell_v government_n trust_n and_o common_a justice_n and_o most_o unworthy_a the_o divine_a office_n of_o a_o king_n but_o let_v we_o compare_v this_o power_n of_o the_o king_n in_o foreign_a affair_n with_o the_o like_a power_n he_o have_v in_o domestic_a government_n there_o be_v no_o question_n but_o that_o the_o king_n have_v the_o custody_n of_o the_o gate_n of_o all_o the_o town_n and_o city_n in_o england_n as_o well_o as_o all_o the_o port_n and_o havens_n and_o upon_o consideration_n of_o the_o weal_n public_a may_v open_v and_o shut_v they_o at_o his_o pleasure_n as_o if_o the_o infection_n of_o the_o sickness_n be_v dangerous_a in_o place_n vicine_fw-la to_o the_o city_n of_o london_n the_o king_n may_v command_v that_o none_o from_o those_o place_n shall_v come_v into_o the_o city_n may_v he_o therefore_o set_v a_o imposition_n upon_o those_o that_o he_o suffer_v to_o come_v into_o the_o city_n so_o if_o by_o reason_n of_o infection_n he_o forbid_v the_o bring_n of_o ware_n and_o merchandize_n from_o some_o city_n or_o town_n in_o this_o kingdom_n to_o any_o great_a fair_a or_o mart_n shall_v he_o therefore_o restrain_v the_o bring_n of_o good_n thither_o unless_o money_n be_v give_v he_o by_o way_n of_o imposition_n the_o king_n in_o his_o discretion_n in_o point_n of_o equity_n and_o for_o qualify_a the_o rigour_n of_o the_o law_n may_v enjoin_v any_o of_o his_o subject_n by_o his_o chancellor_n from_o sue_v in_o his_o court_n of_o common_a law_n may_v he_o therefore_o make_v a_o benefit_n by_o restrain_v all_o from_o suit_n in_o his_o court_n unless_o they_o pay_v he_o a_o imposition_n upon_o their_o suit_n 3.7_o 2._o e._n 3.7_o in_o 2._o e._n 3._o in_o the_o case_n of_o the_o earl_n of_o richmond_n before_o cite_v the_o king_n have_v grant_v unto_o the_o man_n of_o great_a yarmouth_n that_o all_o the_o ship_n that_o arrive_v at_o the_o port_n of_o yarmouth_n which_o consist_v of_o three_o severail_a port_n great_a yarmouth_n little_a yarmouth_n and_o gerneston_n shall_v arrive_v all_o at_o great_a yarmouth_n and_o at_o no_o other_o place_n within_o that_o port._n the_o lawfulness_n of_o this_o patent_n be_v in_o question_n in_o the_o king_n court_n it_o be_v reason_v in_o the_o king_n behalf_n for_o the_o uphold_v of_o the_o grant_n as_o it_o be_v now_o that_o the_o king_n have_v the_o custody_n of_o the_o port_n he_o may_v restrain_v merchant_n from_o land_v at_o all_o in_o his_o kingdom_n therefore_o out_o of_o the_o same_o power_n may_v appoint_v where_o and_o in_o what_o haven_n they_o shall_v land_n and_o in_o no_o other_o this_o patent_n be_v demur_v on_o in_o the_o king_n bench_n as_o be_v grant_v against_o the_o law_n but_o the_o case_n depend_v be_v adjourn_v into_o parliament_n for_o the_o weight_n and_o consequence_n of_o it_o and_o there_o the_o patent_n be_v condemn_v 1._o 9_o e._n 3._o cap._n 1._o and_o a_o law_n make_v against_o such_o and_o the_o like_a grant_n the_o precedent_n that_o be_v vouch_v for_o maintenance_n of_o this_o power_n of_o restraint_n in_o the_o king_n be_v four_o produce_v almost_o in_o so_o many_o hundred_o year_n dor_n rot._n parl_n 2._o e._n 1._o n._n 16._o rot._n fin_n 2._o e._n 1._o n._n 17._o rot._n clau_n 10._o e._n 3._o dor_n 31._o rot._n clau_n 17._o h._n 6._o in_o dor_n whereof_o two_o be_v in_o the_o second_o year_n of_o e._n 1._o one_o in_o the_o ten_o year_n of_o e._n 3._o another_o in_o the_o seventeen_o year_n of_o h._n 6._o since_o which_o time_n we_o hear_v of_o none_o but_o by_o act_n of_o parliament_n as_o they_o have_v be_v usual_o and_o regular_o before_o to_o these_o i_o will_v give_v answer_n out_o of_o themselves_o out_o of_o the_o common_a law_n out_o of_o divers_a statute_n and_o out_o of_o the_o practice_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n the_o restraint_n in_o the_o time_n of_o e._n 1._o the_o one_o of_o they_o be_v to_o forbid_v the_o carry_n of_o wool_n out_o of_o the_o realm_n the_o other_o be_v to_o forbid_v all_o traffic_n with_o the_o fleming_n that_o of_o 10._o e._n 3._o be_v to_o restrain_v the_o exportation_n of_o ship-timber_n out_o of_o the_o realm_n that_o of_o 17._o h._n 6._o to_o prohibit_v traffic_n with_o the_o subject_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o burgundy_n these_o precedent_n be_v rare_a yet_o they_o have_v in_o they_o inducement_n out_o of_o public_a respect_n to_o the_o commonwealth_n for_o the_o rule_n of_o common_a law_n in_o this_o case_n i_o take_v it_o to_o be_v as_o the_o reverend_a judge_n sir_n anthony_n fitzherbert_n hold_v it_o in_o his_o writ_n of_o ne_fw-fr exeas_fw-la regnum_fw-la in_o na._n br._n 85._o fitzh_n n._n b._n 85._o that_o by_o the_o common_a law_n any_o man_n may_v go_v out_o of_o the_o kingdom_n but_o the_o king_n may_v upon_o cause_n touch_v the_o good_a of_o the_o commonwealth_n restrain_v any_o man_n from_o go_v by_o his_o writ_n or_o proclamation_n and_o if_o he_o then_o go_v it_o be_v a_o contempt_n this_o opinion_n of_o he_o be_v confirm_v by_o the_o book_n 296._o dier_n 1._o el._n 165._o dier_n 13._o el._n 296._o 1._o eliz._n fol._n 165._o dier_n 12._o &_o 13._o etiz_n dier_n 296._o in_o like_a manner_n if_o a_o subject_n of_o england_n be_v beyond_o sea_n and_o the_o king_n send_v to_o he_o to_o repair_v home_o if_o he_o do_v it_o not_o his_o land_n and_o good_n shall_v be_v seize_v for_o the_o contempt_n and_o this_o be_v the_o case_n of_o william_n de_fw-fr britain_n e._n of_o richmond_n 19_o e._n 2._o 2._o 19_o e._n 2._o he_o be_v send_v by_o the_o king_n into_o gascon_a on_o a_o message_n and_o refuse_v to_o return_v for_o which_o contempt_n his_o good_n chattel_n land_n and_o tenement_n be_v seize_v into_o the_o king_n hand_n 128._o 2._o &_o 3_o p._n &_o m._n dier_n 128._o the_o record_n be_v cite_v 2._o &_o 3_o ph._n &_o m._n in_o my_o l._n dier_n fol._n 128._o b._n and_o the_o law_n there_o hold_v to_o be_v so_o at_o that_o time_n upon_o a_o question_n move_v in_o the_o queen_n behalf_n against_o divers_a that_o be_v beyond_o the_o sea_n refuse_v to_o return_v upon_o commandment_n send_v unto_o