allowance_n to_o rectify_v both_o the_o one_o and_o the_o other_o in_o equality_n and_o true_a value_n but_o so_o far_o forth_o be_v this_o to_o be_v understand_v that_o this_o be_v true_o see_v practise_v where_o a_o course_n of_o quiet_a traffic_n be_v settle_v between_o two_o kingdom_n and_o nation_n continue_v in_o amity_n and_o firm_a peace_n together_o but_o where_o prince_n either_o by_o the_o necessity_n of_o war_n or_o accidental_a great_a disbursement_n have_v occasion_n or_o do_v use_v to_o inhanse_v the_o current_a rate_n of_o their_o money_n in_o their_o payment_n or_o decry_v they_o in_o the_o receipt_n and_o that_o money_n by_o that_o either_o casual_a or_o constant_a course_n become_v either_o more_o plentiful_a or_o more_o scarce_o than_o ordinary_a than_o these_o rule_n of_o parity_n hold_v not_o so_o just_o prince_n the_o exchanger_n rectifi_v the_o disorder_n of_o mint_n and_o the_o necessity_n of_o prince_n yet_o ever_o so_o as_o have_v in_o its_o self_n a_o predominant_a power_n over_o the_o sudden_a affair_n of_o prince_n in_o matter_n of_o money_n and_o with_o all_o expedition_n possible_a rectify_v by_o a_o common_a knowledge_n and_o consent_n of_o exchange_n and_o banker_n the_o error_n or_o necessity_n of_o prince_n and_o their_o mint_n who_o indeed_o be_v the_o sovereign_n of_o all_o coin_n and_o money_n so_o that_o though_o the_o exchanger_n be_v not_o call_v to_o the_o prince_n counsel_n nor_o yet_o admit_v to_o give_v his_o opinion_n and_o verdict_n either_o in_o his_o mint_n or_o in_o the_o allay_n of_o his_o current_a money_n nor_o yet_o to_o his_o proclamation_n and_o decree_n in_o the_o settle_n or_o rectify_v of_o the_o goodness_n or_o current_n value_v thereof_o yet_o the_o overrule_a part_n or_o balance_n be_v in_o his_o hand_n and_o he_o order_n by_o a_o invisible_a mystery_n of_o a_o visible_a exchange_n the_o allay_n value_n debasement_n or_o inhansement_n thereof_o with_o the_o allowance_n circumstance_n place_n and_o time_n be_v right_o consider_v such_o as_o the_o necessity_n of_o the_o country_n the_o plenty_n or_o scarcicy_n of_o money_n or_o other_o such_o like_a accident_n may_v admit_v regulate_v by_o this_o mean_n tacit_o in_o his_o closet_n the_o disorder_n commit_v by_o mint_n and_o the_o oversight_n which_o the_o great_a affair_n of_o prince_n necessity_n plunge_v they_o in_o and_o thus_o erect_v to_o himself_o and_o other_o of_o his_o profession_n a_o certain_a rule_n and_o public_a balance_n that_o shall_v serve_v as_o a_o equal_a parr_n and_o standard_n of_o all_o prince_n coin_n whatsoever_o thereby_o as_o with_o a_o touchstone_n take_v the_o true_a valuation_n thereof_o distinguish_v still_o the_o fineness_n and_o coursness_n according_a to_o the_o true_a worth_n and_o real_a goodness_n alter_v and_o change_v the_o price_n and_o rate_n thereof_o as_o time_n place_n and_o occasion_n may_v admit_v and_o give_v consent_n thereunto_o exchange_n how_o to_o find_v out_o the_o parr_n of_o exchange_n it_o now_o remain_v that_o i_o shall_v show_v this_o true_a parr_n of_o exchange_n and_o howit_n may_v be_v find_v out_o and_o discern_v in_o all_o exchange_n experience_n have_v make_v it_o evident_a to_o all_o the_o learned_a in_o this_o art_n that_o the_o true_a royal_a exchange_n for_o money_n by_o bill_n of_o exchange_n be_v fair_o and_o substantial_o ground_v upon_o the_o weight_n fineness_n and_o valuation_n of_o the_o money_n of_o each_o several_a country_n according_a to_o the_o parr_n which_o by_o banker_n be_v understand_v to_o be_v value_n for_o value_n as_o the_o truth_n thereof_o be_v see_v in_o our_o exchange_n in_o england_n which_o have_v its_o ground_n upon_o the_o weight_n and_o fineness_n of_o our_o sterling_a english_a money_n the_o weight_n and_o fineness_n of_o each_o other_o country_n according_a to_o their_o several_a standard_n proportionable_a in_o the_o valuation_n be_v true_o and_o just_o make_v give_v also_o thereby_o the_o price_n of_o the_o exchange_n in_o and_o for_o every_o place_n according_a to_o the_o denomination_n of_o the_o money_n and_o by_o which_o all_o exchange_n be_v or_o shall_v be_v in_o themselves_o frame_v cast_v up_o and_o calculate_v but_o beside_o this_o real_a parr_n of_o exchange_n there_o be_v also_o a_o merchant_n parr_n which_o in_o due_a place_n i_o shall_v declare_v these_o exchange_n then_o in_o the_o general_a property_n thereof_o do_v much_o differ_v both_o in_o the_o name_n and_o in_o the_o proportion_n between_o the_o gold_n and_o the_o silver_n observe_v in_o most_o country_n and_o that_o to_o set_v down_o the_o parr_n of_o exchange_n exact_o we_o be_v to_o examine_v and_o compare_v not_o only_o our_o own_o weight_n as_o be_v aforesaid_a with_o the_o weight_n of_o other_o country_n but_o also_o the_o fineness_n of_o our_o sterling_a standard_n with_o the_o fineness_n of_o the_o several_a standard_n of_o the_o coîn_n of_o other_o country_n and_o if_o we_o be_v find_v not_o to_o differ_v with_o they_o in_o the_o proportion_n between_o the_o gold_n and_o silver_n then_o may_v our_o exchange_n run_v at_o one_o and_o the_o same_o price_n and_o rate_n both_o for_o gold_n and_o silver_n take_v the_o denomination_n according_a to_o the_o valuation_n of_o the_o money_n of_o each_o country_n and_o hereby_o shall_v we_o find_v how_o much_o fine_a silver_n or_o gold_n of_o our_o pound_n sterling_n contain_v and_o what_o quantity_n of_o other_o money_n either_o of_o france_n germany_n low-countries_n eastland_n and_o elsewhere_o we_o be_v to_o have_v in_o exchange_n to_o countervail_v the_o same_o in_o the_o like_a weight_n and_o fineness_n answerable_a to_o we_o be_v it_o by_o the_o pound_n doller_n ducat_n crown_n or_o any_o other_o imaginary_a or_o real_a coin_n give_v always_o a_o value_n for_o value_n and_o receive_v the_o like_a which_o be_v call_v by_o exchanger_n as_o i_o say_v before_o the_o parr_n the_o which_o shall_v in_o all_o exchange_n be_v so_o particular_o know_v and_o consider_v that_o as_o money_n be_v publica_fw-la mensura_fw-la or_o the_o public_a measure_n within_o the_o realm_n between_o man_n and_o man_n so_o shall_v exchange_n thus_o make_v for_o these_o money_n be_v the_o public_a measure_n between_o we_o and_o foreign_a country_n for_o all_o commodity_n either_o buy_v or_o sell_v which_o therefore_o necessary_o require_v a_o certainty_n in_o the_o calculation_n of_o this_o parr_n aforesaid_a admit_v nevertheless_o as_o i_o say_v before_o a_o advantage_n upon_o the_o farne_n upon_o good_a ground_n and_o just_a occasion_n on_o either_o side_n exchanger_n the_o price_n of_o the_o exchange_n at_o the_o disposal_n of_o the_o exchanger_n but_o as_o the_o price_n of_o exchange_n be_v at_o this_o day_n see_v to_o be_v at_o the_o only_a and_o sole_a disposal_n of_o the_o exchanger_n and_o merchant_n and_o that_o the_o same_o carry_v with_o it_o a_o predominancy_n in_o the_o buy_n and_o sell_v of_o their_o commodity_n as_o be_v observe_v especial_o beyond_o the_o sea_n so_o ought_v they_o careful_o and_o circumspect_o to_o consider_v the_o true_a nature_n thereof_o and_o not_o only_o look_v upon_o the_o present_a object_n which_o be_v to_o know_v how_o the_o price_n of_o exchange_n go_v at_o the_o time_n when_o they_o have_v occasion_n to_o deal_v therewith_o but_o also_o true_o to_o consider_v the_o reality_n of_o this_o parr_n as_o be_v aforesaid_a and_o as_o it_o be_v in_o it_o self_n real_o find_v to_o be_v for_o it_o be_v observe_v both_o here_o in_o england_n and_o abroad_o elsewhere_o beyond_o sea_n that_o those_o who_o altogether_o do_v practice_v this_o exchange_v and_o deal_v for_o money_n by_o exchange_n have_v this_o observation_n therein_o for_o they_o be_v exchanger_n indeed_o know_v perfect_o the_o weight_n and_o fineness_n both_o of_o our_o english_a and_o of_o foreign_a coin_n and_o compare_v the_o same_o together_o make_v thereby_o to_o themselves_o the_o true_a calculation_n of_o the_o parr_n aforesaid_a wherein_o they_o be_v not_o direct_v by_o the_o current_a valuation_n of_o coin_n which_o be_v often_o see_v to_o be_v inconstant_a and_o uncertain_a nor_o by_o the_o toleration_n of_o money_n either_o here_o or_o beyond_o the_o sea_n go_v sometime_o and_o in_o some_o place_n current_a above_o the_o say_a valuation_n and_o this_o indeed_o be_v one_o of_o the_o most_o mysterious_a part_n that_o be_v include_v in_o this_o art_n of_o exchange_v which_o the_o merchant_n ought_v considerate_o to_o learn_v and_o distinguish_v and_o conclude_v here_o all_o further_a observation_n and_o circumstance_n practise_v in_o the_o general_a exchange_n among_o merchant_n i_o refer_v the_o reader_n for_o what_o be_v here_o purposely_o omit_v to_o the_o end_n of_o this_o tract_n where_o i_o have_v insert_v what_o i_o have_v conceive_v to_o be_v further_a needful_a hereunto_o the_o office_n of_o garble_a that_o king_n henry_n the_o six_o do_v first_o give_v the_o office_n of_o garble_v all_o
may_v be_v some_o benefit_n to_o a_o merchant_n for_o by_o this_o rule_n the_o great_a loggerhead_n shall_v have_v consequent_o the_o large_a measure_n corn._n of_o corn._n corn_n be_v here_o sell_v by_o a_o measure_n call_v a_o loop_n 23_o loop_n make_v a_o last_o in_o amsterdam_n or_o 10_o quarter_n in_o london_n chap._n ccxix_o of_o moscovia_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o moscovia_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o moscovia_n be_v bound_v on_o the_o east_n with_o tartary_n on_o the_o west_n with_o livonia_n lituania_n and_o part_n of_o sweden_n on_o the_o north_n with_o the_o freeze_a ocean_n and_o on_o the_o south_n with_o the_o caspian_a sea_n the_o turk_n and_o palus_n mâ—…otis_n moscovia_n commodity_n of_o moscovia_n this_o country_n afford_v for_o merchandise_n fur_n of_o many_o sort_n flax_n hemp_n whales-grease_n honey_n wax_n canvas_n rope_n cable_n caviar_n astrican_a hide_n tallow_n raw-hides_a and_o bulgars_a moscovia_n famous_a river_n of_o moscovia_n the_o many_o river_n that_o be_v find_v to_o be_v in_o this_o country_n do_v much_o further_a trade_n in_o general_a fâ—st_n tanais_n which_o disburthen_v itself_o into_o palus_n moeotis_n second_o dunia_n which_o enter_v into_o the_o scythian_a sea_n at_o the_o abbey_n of_o st._n nicholas_n where_o our_o english_a since_o the_o discovery_n of_o the_o northern_a passage_n use_v to_o land_n and_o disperse_v themselves_o into_o all_o part_n of_o this_o vast_a empire_n three_o boristhenes_n that_o enter_v into_o pontus_n euxinus_n four_o onega_n which_o open_v itself_o into_o the_o balâ—…k_n sea_n and_o last_o volga_n which_o with_o no_o less_o than_o 70_o mouth_n disgorge_v itself_o into_o the_o caspian_a this_o empire_n be_v divide_v into_o nine_o principal_a province_n which_o together_o with_o the_o chief_a town_n thereof_o i_o shall_v only_o touch_v novograde_a novograde_a novogradia_n be_v first_o the_o chief_a town_n be_v novograde_a seat_v on_o the_o dunia_n and_o once_o one_o of_o the_o four_o ancient_a mart-town_n of_o europe_n now_o of_o late_a decay_a since_o the_o discovery_n of_o the_o new_a passage_n unto_o the_o town_n of_o st._n nicholas_n by_o the_o river_n obye._n plescovia_n plescovia_n plescovia_n be_v the_o second_o wherein_o be_v the_o city_n plescove_n the_o only_o wall_a city_n in_o moscovia_n and_o yet_o of_o no_o great_a eminence_n veladomira_n veladomira_n valadomira_n be_v the_o next_o have_v also_o a_o town_n of_o that_o name_n rhesen_n rhesen_n rhesen_fw-mi be_v the_o four_o wonderful_a plenty_n in_o corn_n that_o neither_o can_v bird_n fly_v nor_o horse_n run_v through_o it_o for_o thickness_n the_o chief_a town_n rhesen_n be_v the_o metropolis_n of_o russia_n it_o be_v the_o first_o part_n of_o moscovia_n abound_v in_o grain_n honey_n fish_n and_o fowl_n without_o number_n servia_n servia_n servia_n be_v the_o five_o the_o chief_a town_n be_v staradab_n and_o pativola_n permia_n permia_n permia_n be_v the_o six_o the_o chief_a city_n â—s_v sickwiardley_n abound_v in_o stag_n candora_n candora_n candora_n be_v the_o seven_o petrosa_fw-la petrosa_fw-la petrosa_fw-mi be_v the_o eight_o in_o both_o these_o country_n the_o inhabitant_n do_v live_v under_o ground_n and_o have_v for_o half_a the_o year_n together_o perpetual_a day_n and_o the_o other_o half_a perpetual_a night_n as_o situate_v beyond_o the_o arctic_a moscovia_n moscovia_n moscovia_n be_v the_o nine_o moscow_n moscow_n and_o so_o name_v of_o the_o principal_a city_n moscow_n be_v about_o five_o mile_n round_o have_v therein_o 16_o church_n of_o which_o the_o one_o half_a be_v make_v of_o wood_n and_o dirt_n as_o most_o of_o the_o house_n be_v the_o emperor_n palace_n stand_v in_o the_o midst_n and_o be_v fortify_v with_o 3_o bulwark_n and_o 17_o turret_n continual_o guard_v with_o 25000_o soldier_n this_o be_v the_o most_o populous_a province_n of_o all_o this_o great_a empire_n for_o it_o extend_v 2000_o mile_n in_o length_n smalensko_n smalensko_n beside_o these_o there_o be_v yet_o some_o petty_a province_n wherein_o be_v find_v the_o town_n of_o smalensko_n than_o toropier_n next_o colopigrod_n landiskron_n and_o some_o other_o of_o lesser_a note_n which_o i_o willing_o omit_v till_o my_o observation_n be_v better_a the_o trade_n of_o the_o english_a be_v begin_v here_o in_o the_o time_n of_o queen_n elizabeth_n of_o england_n and_o basiliades_n king_n of_o this_o country_n about_o the_o year_n 1575._o and_o within_o 10_o year_n after_o it_o be_v perfect_o settle_v and_o because_o the_o trade_n of_o moscovia_n be_v confine_v to_o a_o small_a circuit_n in_o these_o vast_a dominion_n it_o will_v not_o be_v improper_a that_o i_o comprehend_v the_o same_o under_o the_o title_n of_o the_o metropolis_n of_o this_o kingdom_n moscow_n chap._n ccxx_o of_o moscow_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o moscow_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o mosco_n be_v the_o metropolis_n of_o all_o this_o large_a kingdom_n to_o which_o the_o emperor_n some_o year_n pass_v repair_v most_o fit_a for_o the_o government_n of_o so_o large_a a_o empire_n as_o account_v the_o midst_n of_o all_o his_o dominion_n it_o be_v pleasant_o seat_v on_o the_o river_n mosca_n run_v into_o tanais_n where_o it_o lose_v its_o name_n and_o pass_v assaw_n disgorge_v into_o the_o palus_n meotis_n and_o so_o into_o the_o euxinus_n about_o fifty_o year_n past_o it_o be_v esteem_v ten_o mile_n in_o circuit_n and_o in_o its_o height_n of_o greatness_n then_o burn_v by_o the_o tartar_n wherein_o 80000_o person_n be_v consume_v and_o since_o reduce_v to_o five_o mile_n compass_n beautify_v with_o 16_o church_n some_o of_o stone_n some_o of_o timber_n and_o earth_n and_o with_o the_o palace_n of_o the_o great_a duke_n situate_a in_o the_o very_a heart_n thereof_o enrich_v with_o the_o branch_n of_o two_o river_n for_o use_n and_o ornament_n which_o water_n two_o strong_a fort_n that_o defend_v the_o place_n nicholas_n st._n nicholas_n at_o the_o abbey_n of_o st._n nicholas_n the_o patron_n of_o this_o country_n upon_o the_o river_n of_o dunia_n or_o obby_n the_o english_a merchant_n use_v to_o land_n and_o thence_o disperse_v themselves_o to_o smalensko_n novograde_a hither_o and_o into_o all_o other_o part_n of_o this_o vast_a empire_n among_o who_o they_o find_v kind_a entertainment_n and_o by_o the_o favour_n of_o the_o prince_n have_v large_a immunity_n grant_v unto_o they_o than_o to_o any_o other_o nation_n their_o traffic_v attribute_v to_o the_o never_o die_a fame_n of_o queen_n elizabeth_n in_o who_o day_n the_o trade_n be_v here_o first_o settle_v and_o to_o the_o plausible_a behaviour_n of_o the_o english_a merchant_n in_o general_n moscovia_n account_n in_o moscovia_n the_o merchant_n here_o be_v observe_v to_o keep_v their_o account_n in_o several_a manner_n some_o as_o the_o english_a by_o rubble_n and_o penny_n or_o as_o the_o inhabitant_n term_v they_o muskofkin_n 200_o whereof_o make_v a_o rubble_n which_o be_v account_v two_o rix_n dollar_n some_o again_o as_o the_o dutch_a and_o other_o nation_n by_o rubble_n grevens_n and_o muskofkin_n or_o penny_n account_v 20_o penny_n to_o a_o greven_n and_o 10_o greven_n to_o a_o rubble_n which_o be_v most_o in_o use_n here_o this_o rubble_n be_v find_v a_o imaginary_a coin_n and_o not_o real_a moscovia_n coin_n current_a in_o moscovia_n the_o current_a money_n here_o be_v a_o capeck_n in_o value_n a_o stiver_n flemish_n and_o somewhat_o more_o than_o as_o english_a penny_n for_o 10_o capeck_n be_v a_o greven_n which_o the_o english_a call_v 12_o penny_n sterling_a because_o that_o 10_o grevens_n be_v a_o rubble_n which_o be_v 10_o shilling_n sterling_a three_o capeck_n they_o call_v a_o altine_n by_o which_o name_n all_o receipt_n and_o payment_n be_v make_v in_o bargain_v and_o contract_n 33_o altius_fw-la and_o 1_o capeck_n make_v a_o rubble_n archangel_n exchange_n of_o archangel_n at_o archangel_n be_v sound_v practise_v among_o the_o merchant_n a_o exchange_n for_o money_n rise_v and_o fall_v according_a as_o the_o russ_n money_n be_v observe_v to_o be_v plentiful_a or_o scarce_o the_o english_a sometime_o among_o themselves_o give_v 11_o shilling_n and_o 11_o shilling_n 6_o penny_n sterling_a in_o england_n for_o the_o rubble_n here_o and_o the_o money_n common_o take_v there_o in_o august_n to_o be_v pay_v in_o london_n the_o last_o of_o december_n follow_v moscovia_n weight_n of_o moscovia_n the_o weight_n of_o moscovia_n common_a in_o use_n be_v the_o pood_n for_o fine_a good_n and_o the_o bercovet_n for_o gross_a good_n the_o one_o be_v derive_v from_o the_o other_o by_o the_o pood_n be_v weigh_v silk_n bever-wooll_n yeft_n etc._n etc._n and_o be_v account_v for_o 40_o l._n russ_n weight_n and_o 3_o pood_n have_v be_v observe_v to_o make_v 112_o l._n english_a which_o by_o this_o computation_n shall_v make_v 37â…“_n l._n averdupois_n and_o all_o good_n there_o buy_v by_o the_o pood_n be_v 10_o per_fw-la cent_n loss_n in_o england_n by_o the_o bercovet_n be_v weigh_v
a_o desire_n to_o employ_v their_o talent_n in_o foreign_a country_n which_o yet_o be_v not_o see_v to_o be_v perfect_v among_o they_o nature_n have_v to_o this_o end_n fit_v they_o with_o many_o goodly_a port_n and_o navigable_a river_n and_o will_v in_o time_n i_o hope_v fit_v they_o with_o a_o inclination_n to_o second_v by_o their_o endeavour_n what_o be_v so_o plentiful_o bestow_v by_o she_o upon_o they_o which_o by_o little_a and_o little_o may_v be_v bring_v to_o pass_v by_o the_o conversation_n and_o direction_n of_o the_o civiliz_n d_o english_a that_o daily_o be_v see_v to_o come_v and_o reside_v among_o they_o and_o thus_o leave_v ireland_n and_o my_o good_a wish_n to_o the_o increase_n of_o her_o traffic_n i_o hence_o pass_v over_o to_o scotland_n a_o part_n of_o britain_n and_o view_v the_o present_a trade_n thereof_o chap._n cclxu._n of_o scotland_n and_o the_o province_n and_o city_n thereof_o thereof_o scotland_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o scotland_n be_v the_o northern_a part_n of_o britain_n and_o separate_v from_o england_n by_o the_o river_n tweed_n and_o salway_n and_o the_o cheviot_n hill_n extend_v from_o thence_o to_o the_o other_o which_o be_v a_o kingdom_n and_o vary_v in_o the_o manner_n of_o trade_n from_o england_n i_o have_v think_v good_a here_o to_o insert_v by_o itself_o scotland_n commodity_n of_o scotland_n the_o comedy_n that_o this_o country_n afford_v for_o merchandise_n be_v coarse_a clothes_n freeze_v fish_v salt_v hides_n tallow_n lead_v over_o some_o grain_n feather_n and_o other_o commodity_n as_o sea-coal_n allom_n iron_n etc._n etc._n this_o country_n be_v divide_v into_o two_o part_n the_o high-land_n and_o the_o low-land_n and_o the_o same_o into_o several_a sheriffdom_n or_o province_n in_o which_o be_v find_v these_o town_n of_o consequence_n chap._n cclxvi_o of_o edenburg_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o edenburg_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o first_o edenburg_n wherein_o be_v seat_v the_o king_n palace_n and_o the_o court_n of_o justice_n consist_v principal_o of_o one_o street_n of_o a_o mile_n in_o length_n whereto_o do_v lead_v many_o other_o petty_a lane_n make_v the_o whole_a near_o three_o mile_n in_o circuit_n the_o second_o town_n be_v glascow_n a_o archbishop_n see_v and_o a_o university_n the_o three_o be_v saint_n andrews_n in_o fife_n honour_v with_o many_o prerogative_n fourthly_a sterling_a then_o be_v perth_n aberdeen_n dondes_n saint_n john_n town_n and_o some_o other_o of_o lesser_a note_n scotland_n money_n of_o scotland_n their_o current_a money_n in_o merchandise_n be_v the_o proper_a coin_n of_o that_o kingdom_n both_o in_o gold_n and_o silver_n which_o be_v usual_o find_v to_o be_v in_o gold_n in_o piece_n of_o 22_o shill_n sterl_n piece_n of_o 11_o shill_n sterl_n piece_n of_o 5._o 6_o d._n sterl_n piece_n of_o 2._o 9_o d._n sterl_n piece_n of_o 4._o 4⅜_n d._n sterl_n piece_n of_o 1_o shill_n 1½_n d._n sterl_n piece_n of_o ½_n the_o ¾_n and_o ⅛_n thereof_o piece_n of_o 9_o 6_o d._n be_v ⅔_n of_o the_o 13_o d._n ½_n sterl_n one_o mark_n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr piece_n of_o ½_n which_o be_v 4½_n d._n be_v ⅓_n of_o the_o abovesaid_a again_o 13½_n d._n sterl_n be_v a_o scotch_a mark._n or_o 13_o shill_n 4._o d._n scotch_a 6⅔_n be_v a_o scotch_a noble_a 6_o shill_n 8_o d._n 20_o d._n sterl_n be_v 1½_n mark_n scotch_a or_o 1_o pound_n scotch_a of_o 20_o shill_n 20_o shill_n sterl_n be_v 18_o scotch_a mark_n beside_o which_o be_v here_o find_v current_a the_o coin_n of_o england_n and_o he_o that_o will_v see_v further_o into_o the_o intrinsic_n value_n and_o weight_n of_o these_o coin_n either_o of_o silver_n and_o gold_n must_v have_v recourse_n to_o a_o proclamation_n set_v out_o by_o our_o sovereign_a king_n james_n decease_v date_v in_o 1609_o which_o will_v also_o show_v their_o conformity_n to_o the_o coin_n of_o england_n in_o weight_n and_o goodness_n and_o the_o current_a value_n and_o estimation_n thereof_o through_o this_o kingdom_n scotland_n exchange_n in_o scotland_n here_o be_v practise_v for_o england_n a_o exchange_n for_o money_n as_o be_v do_v upon_o the_o scotch_a mark_n for_o 12_o penny_n sterling_a in_o london_n etc._n etc._n scotland_n account_n in_o scotland_n their_o account_n be_v now_o keep_v several_a way_n some_o follow_v the_o custom_n of_o england_n by_o sterling_a pound_n shilling_n and_o penny_n and_o some_o by_o their_o own_o ancient_a manner_n also_o in_o pound_n shilling_n and_o penny_n scottish_a 20_o penny_n sterling_a be_v their_o pound_n 13½_n be_v their_o mark_n and_o penny_n scottish_a of_o which_o they_o have_v some_o black_a or_o copper_n monies_n as_o babaes_n esteem_v by_o they_o for_o six_o penny_n whereof_o two_o make_v a_o penny_n sterling_a placks_n which_o they_o esteem_v for_o four_o penny_n and_o three_o of_o they_o make_v a_o penny_n sterling_a and_o last_o piece_n call_v hard-head_n esteem_v by_o they_o at_o 1½_n penny_n but_o eight_o of_o they_o make_v a_o penny_n sterling_a money_n and_o some_o of_o these_o be_v yet_o current_a among_o they_o scotland_n weight_n of_o scotland_n they_o have_v in_o general_n as_o be_v also_o the_o custom_n of_o england_n but_o one_o weight_n for_o weigh_v of_o their_o merchandise_n and_o for_o buy_v and_o sell_v throughout_o the_o kingdom_n which_o be_v the_o pound_n of_o 16_o ounce_n 100_o of_o which_o pound_n make_v their_o quintal_n which_o be_v find_v to_o make_v in_o london_n and_o all_o throughout_o england_n 108_o l._n averdupois_n and_o the_o 100_o l._n london_n sotile_n be_v find_v to_o render_v here_o 92_o l._n incirca_fw-la or_o the_o 112_o l._n to_o give_v 103½_n l._n or_o thereabouts_o 100_o measure_n of_o length_n 120_o for_o 100_o their_o common_a measure_n in_o length_n for_o linens_n cloth_n silk_n or_o stuff_n be_v a_o ell_n common_a in_o use_n throughout_o scotland_n which_o be_v about_o 4_o per_fw-la cent_n differ_v from_o our_o english_a yard_n as_o be_v great_a so_o that_o whereas_o we_o allow_v 36_o inch_n to_o the_o yard_n by_o rule_n their_o ell_n may_v make_v incirca_fw-la 34½_n inch_n it_o have_v be_v observe_v by_o trader_n hither_o that_o 75_o yard_n in_o london_n or_o ell_n 60_o ell_n have_v make_v here_o 72_o scotch_a ell_n but_o in_o their_o hundred_o by_o tale_n in_o measure_n they_o account_v six_o score_n or_o 120_o for_o 100_o in_o other_o measure_n of_o corn_n coal_n salt_n or_o liquid_a measure_n of_o beer_n ale_n wine_n oil_n and_o such_o like_a imitate_v the_o better_a experience_a to_o supply_v my_o defect_n therein_o for_o i_o hasten_v now_o towards_o england_n and_o so_o to_o london_n the_o city_n of_o my_o abode_n and_o the_o end_n of_o my_o present_a labour_n and_o by_o the_o way_n will_v observe_v that_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o this_o country_n be_v much_o addict_v both_o to_o trade_n and_o navigation_n and_o have_v many_o good_a help_n and_o furtherance_n there_o both_o by_o the_o natural_a and_o artificial_a commodity_n of_o this_o country_n and_o the_o good_a port_n of_o the_o same_o so_o that_o in_o brief_a i_o may_v conclude_v this_o kingdom_n to_o be_v more_o addict_v to_o traffic_n and_o navigation_n than_o the_o irish_a and_o yet_o not_o so_o much_o as_o the_o english_a which_o yet_o by_o the_o gracious_a aspect_n of_o our_o sovereign_n be_v see_v daily_o to_o increase_v and_o may_v in_o time_n come_v to_o a_o great_a perfection_n chap._n cclxvii_o of_o britain_n and_o the_o province_n thereof_o thereof_o britain_n and_o the_o province_n thereof_o have_v now_o set_v my_o foot_n upon_o the_o happy_a shore_n and_o run_v through_o the_o trade_n of_o most_o of_o the_o great_a know_a city_n of_o commerce_n and_o traffic_n in_o the_o world_n give_v i_o leave_v to_o survey_v the_o distinct_a port_n of_o this_o kingdom_n that_o i_o may_v not_o do_v less_o to_o our_o own_o than_o in_o this_o tract_n i_o have_v do_v to_o other_o foreign_a country_n britain_n then_o the_o queen_n of_o island_n be_v find_v to_o be_v in_o circuit_n 1836_o mile_n extend_v itself_o comprehend_v england_n wales_n and_o scotland_n as_o of_o one_o entire_a island_n which_o we_o now_o know_v by_o the_o name_n of_o great_a britain_n 800_o mile_n be_v divide_v into_o 3_o part_n as_o into_o england_n and_o wales_n who_o trade_n we_o have_v now_o in_o hand_n and_o scotland_n who_o traffic_n we_o have_v already_o declare_v chap._n cclxviii_o of_o wales_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o of_o wales_n and_o the_o city_n thereof_o wales_n then_o be_v the_o second_o part_n of_o this_o division_n be_v bound_v on_o all_o side_n with_o the_o sea_n except_o the_o east_n where_o it_o be_v separate_v from_o england_n by_o the_o river_n dee_fw-mi and_o a_o line_n draw_v to_o the_o river_n wie_z but_o by_o some_o by_o clauda_n offa_n or_o offa_n ditch_n or_o more_o proper_a by_o interpretation_n offa_n
current_a advice_n of_o those_o place_n to_o conclude_v then_o by_o what_o have_v be_v say_v may_v be_v clear_o discern_v the_o present_a height_n and_o amplitude_n of_o our_o english_a commerce_n and_o the_o greatness_n of_o england_n navigation_n the_o continuation_n whereof_o my_o devotion_n shall_v ever_o second_v and_o my_o prayer_n shall_v be_v that_o neither_o our_o feign_a friend_n nor_o yet_o our_o froward_a foe_n may_v ever_o have_v just_a cause_n to_o rejoice_v at_o the_o decrease_v nor_o least_o diminution_n thereof_o have_v thus_o happy_o end_v my_o peregrination_n and_o draw_v out_o the_o utmost_a bound_n and_o limit_n of_o this_o my_o map_n of_o commerce_n and_o conclude_v there_o the_o manner_n and_o matter_n of_o the_o general_a and_o particular_a traffic_n of_o most_o of_o the_o eminent_a city_n and_o country_n of_o the_o world_n i_o will_v now_o cast_v anchor_n and_o finish_v in_o this_o place_n my_o voyage_n till_o the_o next_o fair_a gale_n offer_v and_o present_v itself_o to_o embark_v my_o time_n and_o pen_n in_o the_o survey_n and_o calculation_n of_o the_o exchange_n of_o europe_n as_o at_o this_o day_n they_o be_v see_v practise_v among_o the_o merchant_n of_o christendom_n finis_fw-la exchange_n chap._n cclxxiv_o of_o exchange_n in_o general_a and_o of_o the_o method_n and_o manner_n thereof_o and_o how_o calculate_v in_o any_o place_n in_o christendom_n general_n exchange_n in_o general_n i_o have_v in_o the_o ten_o chapter_n of_o this_o map_n of_o commerce_n show_v that_o to_o make_v this_o treatise_n absolute_a and_o complete_a the_o method_n and_o manner_n how_o all_o exchange_n be_v frame_v and_o calculate_v be_v perfect_o to_o be_v know_v and_o learn_v and_o there_o also_o declare_v the_o necessity_n of_o this_o knowledge_n with_o all_o circumstance_n depend_v thereupon_o now_o by_o reason_n that_o i_o have_v in_o all_o the_o aforementioned_a city_n of_o this_o map_n wherein_o either_o custom_n time_n or_o commodiousness_n of_o trade_n exchange_n of_o money_n have_v be_v settle_v and_o where_o the_o say_v exchange_n be_v daily_o use_v and_o practise_v omit_v the_o form_n manner_n and_o calculation_n thereof_o together_o with_o all_o the_o particular_a circumstance_n requisite_a and_o necessary_a to_o the_o explanation_n of_o this_o mystery_n of_o exchange_v i_o have_v in_o this_o place_n think_v good_a to_o allot_v iâ—_n as_o worthy_o merit_v a_o peculiar_a discourse_n at_o large_a by_o itself_o which_o here_o i_o conceive_v it_o most_o proper_a to_o be_v insert_v and_o because_o that_o my_o experience_n in_o the_o exactness_n require_v may_v not_o be_v peradventure_o sufficient_a to_o lead_v i_o through_o in_o every_o particular_a point_n and_o needful_a circumstance_n i_o have_v therefore_o judge_v it_o no_o blemish_n to_o my_o knowledge_n to_o be_v instruct_v by_o those_o excellent_a and_o judicious_a banker_n geo._n baptista_n zucetta_n a_o merchant_n of_o genova_n and_o claudio_n boiero_n a_o merchant_n of_o lion_n who_o endeavour_n herein_o be_v worthy_a commendation_n and_o who_o laborious_a precedent_n and_o precede_a labour_n where_o i_o find_v myself_o defective_a in_o this_o task_n and_o labyrinth_n i_o willing_o follow_v exchange_n what_o be_v place_n of_o exchange_n place_n in_o use_n and_o those_o as_o be_v apt_a for_o exchange_n be_v such_o where_o merchant_n in_o some_o fit_a and_o competent_a number_n do_v meet_v and_o be_v assemble_v for_o the_o benefit_n and_o behoof_n of_o trade_n and_o negatintion_n which_o at_o this_o present_a day_n be_v observe_v to_o be_v many_o yet_o withal_o be_v note_v not_o to_o be_v so_o firm_o settle_v but_o that_o the_o same_o admit_v sometime_o a_o alteration_n and_o change_n vary_v according_a as_o the_o due_a occasion_n of_o commerce_n and_o traffic_n in_o that_o place_n require_v either_o by_o the_o decay_n of_o trade_n there_o or_o by_o the_o increase_n of_o the_o trade_n of_o another_o place_n more_o fit_a and_o proper_a thereunto_o exchange_n some_o city_n be_v the_o staple_n of_o exchange_n some_o place_n again_o be_v observe_v to_o be_v if_o i_o may_v so_o term_v it_o the_o staple_n of_o exchange_n and_o yet_o notwithstanding_o have_v their_o dependence_n upon_o the_o exchange_n of_o other_o place_n and_o which_o else_o be_v not_o find_v to_o comprehend_v any_o other_o manner_n of_o traffic_n have_v only_o certain_a time_n or_o fair_n settle_v and_o confirm_v by_o the_o custom_n of_o exchanger_n in_o which_o and_o to_o which_o bill_n of_o exchange_n be_v either_o date_v expire_v or_o renew_v in_o which_o nature_n and_o of_o which_o sort_n placentia_n be_v account_v the_o most_o notable_a for_o all_o italy_n and_o other_o place_n where_o indeed_o exchange_n be_v find_v to_o have_v a_o certain_a kind_n of_o be_v yet_o acknowledge_v its_o real_a existence_n from_o other_o place_n and_o city_n besansin_n in_o burgundy_n spossa_n in_o the_o river_n of_o genova_n camberay_n in_o piedmont_n and_o some_o other_o be_v in_o former_a time_n observe_v to_o be_v of_o this_o kind_n who_o exchange_n do_v total_o depend_v upon_o the_o partidos_n of_o exchange_n make_v in_o other_o country_n and_o these_o sometime_o of_o such_o as_o have_v the_o same_o concordancy_n in_o the_o current_a coin_n of_o the_o exchange_n and_o sometime_o a_o discrepancy_n other_o the_o exchange_n of_o some_o city_n depend_v upon_o the_o exchange_n of_o some_o other_o and_o for_o as_o much_o as_o it_o be_v observe_v that_o some_o other_o city_n where_o no_o set_a exchange_n be_v sound_a sometime_o challenge_v by_o the_o necessity_n of_o traffic_n and_o commerce_n a_o course_n of_o exchange_v with_o these_o or_o the_o like_a place_n and_o yet_o have_v none_o settle_v therein_o then_o and_o in_o such_o case_n be_v it_o see_v that_o the_o metropolis_n or_o principal_a city_n of_o these_o country_n prescribe_v both_o the_o rule_n rate_v and_o condition_n thereto_o as_o if_o vicentia_n verona_n or_o milan_n will_v frame_v a_o exchange_n with_o placentia_n it_o be_v observable_a that_o the_o rate_n of_o venice_n in_o which_o estate_n these_o say_a place_n be_v sound_a to_o be_v and_o who_o have_v their_o money_n of_o one_o and_o the_o self_n same_o goodness_n and_o value_n give_v the_o rule_n rate_v and_o condition_n thereto_o so_o in_o pavia_n como_n and_o other_o town_n in_o england_n as_o in_o the_o city_n of_o london_n the_o principal_a of_o that_o island_n so_o have_v the_o city_n of_o france_n their_o rule_n from_o lion_n all_o place_n of_o flanders_n from_o antwerp_n and_o so_o have_v the_o like_a in_o other_o place_n and_o country_n exchange_n the_o chief_a city_n of_o exchange_n now_o for_o as_o much_o as_o exchange_n be_v not_o find_v current_n in_o all_o place_n exchanger_n banker_n and_o merchant_n have_v settle_v a_o common_a course_n of_o euchang_v in_o some_o certain_a particular_a and_o principal_a place_n which_o be_v observe_v in_o these_o day_n chief_o to_o be_v these_o for_o italy_n 13._o rome_n genand_n milan_n naples_n barry_n messina_n bologna_n venice_n florence_n lucca_n lechy_a palermo_n bergamo_n etc._n etc._n for_o france_n 3_o paris_n lion_n roven_n etc._n etc._n for_o spain_n 6._o valencia_n barcelona_n alcala_n saragosa_n sevil._n medina_n del_fw-it campo_n for_o portugal_n lisbon_n only_o for_o flanders_n antwerp_n only_o for_o england_n london_n only_o for_o germany_n 5._o vienna_n neremberg_n colonia_n augusta_n frankfort_n etc._n etc._n beside_o which_o some_o other_o of_o lesser_a note_n be_v observe_v to_o have_v a_o exchange_n current_n but_o by_o reason_n that_o in_o most_o of_o the_o principal_a point_n they_o have_v a_o dependency_n upon_o some_o of_o these_o and_o a_o concordance_n with_o they_o they_o be_v by_o most_o author_n neglect_v and_o therefore_o shall_v be_v by_o i_o here_o whole_o omit_v etc._n many_o city_n practice_n exchange_n by_o one_o and_o the_o same_o money_n etc._n etc._n in_o the_o next_o place_n it_o be_v considerable_a that_o many_o of_o these_o beforementioned_a city_n be_v find_v to_o practice_v their_o exchange_n in_o one_o and_o the_o selfsame_a money_n coin_n and_o denomination_n as_o do_v lachy_n and_o barry_n which_o be_v include_v in_o naples_n as_o naples_n itself_o palermo_n and_o messina_n comprehend_v in_o sicilia_n valencia_n saragosa_n and_o barcelona_n in_o catalonia_n sevil_n alcala_n and_o medina_n del_fw-it campo_n in_o castilia_n frankfort_n noremberg_n colonia_n and_o augusta_n in_o germany_n and_o some_o other_o etc._n what_o exchange_n be_v etc._n etc._n what_o thing_n this_o exchange_v be_v proper_o in_o itself_o find_v to_o be_v as_o also_o what_o a_o bill_n of_o exchange_n be_v and_o the_o due_a ceremony_n and_o strict_a rule_n thereof_o together_o with_o the_o commodiousness_n necessity_n and_o first_o real_a intent_n of_o the_o same_o i_o have_v show_v in_o the_o 10_o chapter_n which_o brief_o here_o may_v not_o unproper_o be_v define_v by_o the_o word_n itself_o as_o it_o be_v apt_o express_v in_o our_o english_a
make_v a_o livre_fw-fr or_o pound_n and_o 12_o denier_n or_o pence_n make_v a_o soldo_n or_o shilling_n the_o same_o rule_n also_o hold_v in_o those_o place_n who_o great_a money_n be_v imaginary_a and_o feign_a or_o who_o keep_v not_o this_o orderly_a succession_n as_o be_v the_o ducat_n of_o catalonia_n of_o castilia_n of_o rome_n and_o of_o pertugal_n also_o those_o crown_n who_o have_v no_o proper_a part_n also_o the_o ducatoon_n in_o what_o country_n soever_o and_o the_o florm_n in_o germany_n all_o these_o i_o say_v which_o ought_v to_o succeed_v in_o 20_o and_o 12_o that_o be_v in_o sold_n and_o den._n or_o shilling_n and_o penny_n and_o each_o of_o the_o other_o sort_n of_o money_n shall_v be_v account_v according_a to_o the_o property_n of_o that_o country_n and_o as_o shall_v be_v signify_v in_o the_o front_n of_o the_o follow_a table_n of_o that_o place_n among_o which_o there_o be_v some_o which_o be_v common_o resolve_v by_o the_o more_o principal_a of_o their_o own_o money_n as_o the_o exchange_n of_o sicily_n with_o catalonia_n castilia_n portugal_n brabant_n and_o england_n and_o howsoever_o they_o make_v their_o exchange_n either_o by_o the_o sicilian_a florin_n or_o by_o the_o ducat_n notwithstanding_o the_o parcel_n be_v resolve_v in_o ounce_n tarin_n grain_n and_o pichols_n which_o be_v thorough_o declare_v in_o the_o follow_a table_n and_o last_o forasmuch_o as_o the_o term_n and_o day_n of_o bill_n of_o exchange_n be_v find_v in_o many_o country_n to_o differ_v in_o length_n of_o time_n and_o be_v limit_v of_o divers_a day_n and_o that_o the_o rate_n â—…sing_v and_o fall_v of_o exchange_n have_v a_o course_n set_v by_o a_o continual_a meeting_n of_o exchanger_n and_o their_o opinion_n in_o equality_n of_o value_n i_o have_v think_v good_a to_o insert_v the_o same_o with_o some_o other_o needful_a circumstance_n of_o this_o art_n of_o exchange_v at_o the_o end_n of_o the_o table_n to_o which_o i_o refer_v the_o learn_v where_o also_o he_o shall_v find_v at_o large_a how_o most_o of_o these_o exchange_n be_v cast_v up_o and_o reckon_v from_o one_o place_n to_o another_o and_o now_o i_o will_v proceed_v to_o the_o table_n themselves_o as_o i_o find_v they_o calculate_v by_o the_o say_v geo_n bapt._n zuletta_n and_o other_o follow_v he_o chap._n cclxxvii_o of_o the_o exchange_n of_o placentia_n a_o place_n of_o fair_n or_o fiera_n of_o exchange_n in_o italy_n placentia_n the_o exchange_n of_o placentia_n this_o town_n be_v consider_v as_o a_o fair_a or_o staple_n of_o exchange_n and_o not_o as_o a_o city_n of_o trafficle_n and_o therefore_o there_o be_v no_o esteem_n make_v of_o the_o current_a money_n of_o the_o place_n but_o only_o of_o that_o which_o be_v make_v by_o exchange_v which_o be_v crown_n of_o mark_n in_o which_o money_n banker_n and_o exchanger_n do_v only_o treat_v and_o account_v in_o and_o the_o same_o be_v hold_v by_o crown_n sell_v and_o denier_n of_o mark._n and_o in_o the_o custom_n of_o exchange_n here_o in_o use_n it_o give_v the_o entire_a and_o whole_a sum_n to_o all_o other_o place_n be_v either_o crown_v one_o or_o crown_n one_o hundred_o placentia_n do_v exchange_n with_o lion_n crown_n 100_o for_o 96¾_n crown_v rome_n crown_v 100_o 99½_n ducat_n genova_n crown_n 1_o 67._o 10_o sol._n of_o gold_n milan_n crown_n 1_o 134._o 9_o sol._n venice_n crown_v 100_o 130_o ducat_n florence_n crown_v 100_o 109½_n crown_n lucca_n crown_v 100_o 116¾_n ducatoon_n naples_n crown_n 1_o 134_o grain_n lechi_n crown_n 1_o 135½_n grain_n bari_n crown_n 1_o 135_o grain_n palermo_n crown_n 1_o 29_o carlins_n mesina_n crown_n 1_o 29¼_n carlins_n antw._n &_o col._n crown_n 1_o 128_o gross_v london_n crown_n 1_o 81½_n d._n sterl_n valentia_n crown_n 1_o 24_o sold._n saragosa_n crown_n 1_o 24_o sol._n 6_o den._n barcelona_n crown_n 1_o 24_o sol._n 4_o den._n siv_n al._n med._n crown_n 1_o 432_o marvede_n lisbon_n crown_n 1_o 482_o raise_v bologna_n crown_n 1_o 119_o ducatoon_n bergamo_n crown_n 1_o 118¾_n ducatoon_n frankford_n crown_n 1_o 103½_n quarentins_n in_o the_o 382._o chapter_n the_o reader_n may_v find_v how_o these_o exchange_n be_v cast_v up_o and_o calculate_v chap._n cclxxviii_o of_o the_o exchange_n of_o lion_n paris_n and_o roven_n in_o france_n etc._n the_o exchange_n of_o lion_n etc._n etc._n in_o lion_n paris_n roven_n and_o through_o all_o france_n they_o keep_v their_o account_n in_o livre_n sol_n denier_n and_o turnois_n and_o they_o here_o do_v exchange_n in_o crown_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o denier_n of_o the_o sun_n this_o livre_fw-fr be_v also_o call_v in_o some_o place_n of_o france_n a_o frank_n and_o 3_o livre_n or_o frank_n be_v account_v for_o the_o say_a crown_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o the_o crown_n of_o italy_n by_o a_o decree_n and_o standard_n of_o the_o country_n pass_v at_o 58_o sol._n of_o the_o say_a crown_n and_o in_o the_o custom_n of_o exchange_v it_o give_v the_o entire_a and_o whole_a sum_n or_o number_n either_o one_o crown_n or_o one_o hundred_o crown_n of_o the_o sol._n lion_n do_v exchange_v with_o placentia_n crown_n 100_o for_o 103½_n crown_v rome_n crown_v 100_o 99½_n ducat_n genova_n crown_n 1_o 66½_n sol._n of_o gold_n milan_n crown_n 1_o 115_o sol._n venice_n crown_v 100_o 116¾_n duc._n bank_n florence_n crown_v 100_o 106½_n crown_n lucca_n crown_n 100_o 117½_n ducatoon_n naples_n crown_n 1_o 124_o grain_n lechi_n crown_n 1_o 122½_n grain_n bari_n crown_n 1_o 123_o grain_n palermo_n crown_n 1_o 29½_n carlins_n mesina_n crown_n 1_o 29½_n carlins_n antw_n &_o col._n crown_n 1_o 96_o gross_n london_n crown_n 1_o 62_o penny_n sterl_n valentia_n crown_n 1_o 23_o sol._n 10_o den._n saragosa_n crown_n 1_o 23_o sol._n 8_o den._n barcelona_n crown_n 1_o 24_o sol._n siv_n al._n med._n crown_n 1_o 436_o marvede_n lisbon_n crown_n 1_o 485_o raise_v bologna_n crown_n 100_o 119½_n ducatoon_n bergamo_n crown_v 100_o 119â…•_n ducatoon_n frankford_n crown_n 1_o 104_o quarentins_n vide_fw-la chap._n 302._o and_o so_o follow_v of_o the_o calculation_n of_o the_o exchange_n of_o this_o place_n chap._n cclxxix_o of_o the_o exchange_n of_o rome_n in_o italy_n rome_n the_o exchange_n of_o rome_n in_o rome_n the_o banker_n and_o exchanger_n keep_v their_o account_n in_o crown_n julios_fw-la bacochs_n and_o quatrin_n and_o they_o exchange_n in_o ducat_n sol_n and_o denier_n of_o camera_n the_o crown_n of_o the_o abovesard_n money_n be_v worth_a 10_o julios_fw-la or_o 100_o bacoch_n or_o else_o 400_o quatrin_n the_o julio_n be_v 10_o bacoch_n or_o else_o 40_o quatrin_n and_o the_o bacoch_n be_v 4_o quatrin_n the_o ducat_n of_o camera_n according_a to_o the_o old_a value_n be_v worth_a 2½_n per_fw-la cent._n more_o than_o the_o crown_n of_o gold_n so_o that_o 100_o ducat_n be_v 102½_n crown_n in_o the_o custom_n of_o exchange_n among_o merchant_n the_o place_n give_v the_o break_a number_n to_o all_o italy_n except_v to_o the_o kingdom_n of_o naples_n to_o sicilia_n bologna_n and_o bergamo_n and_o to_o all_o other_o 〈◊〉_d give_v the_o whole_a number_n which_o be_v either_o one_o ducat_n or_o by_o a_o 100_o ducat_n rome_n do_v exchange_n with_o placentia_n ducat_n 97¾_n for_o 100_o crown_n lion_n ducat_n 97½_n 100_o crown_n genoa_n ducat_n 97â…›_n 100_o crown_n of_o gold_n milan_n ducat_n 97¼_n 100_o crown_n of_o gold_n venice_n ducat_n 85â…“_n 100_o ducat_n florence_z ducat_n 91¾_n 100_o crown_n lucca_n ducat_n 84_o 100_o ducatoon_n naples_n ducat_n 100_o 135_o ducat_n lechi_n ducat_n 100_o 134â…”_n ducat_n bari_n ducat_n 100_o 134½_n ducat_n palermo_n ducat_n 1_o 14_o 15_o tarin_n mesina_n ducat_n 1_o 14_o 17_o tarin_n antw._n &_o col._n ducat_n 1_o 125_o gross_v london_n ducat_n 1_o 87½_n d._n sterling_a valentia_n ducat_n 1_o 24_o 2_o sol._n saragosa_n ducat_n 1_o 23_o sol._n 8_o denier_n barcelona_n ducat_n 1_o 23_o sol._n 10_o denier_n siv_n al._n med._n ducat_n 1_o 440_o marvede_n lisbon_n ducat_n 1_o 482_o ray_n bologna_n ducat_n 100_o 119_o ducatoon_n bergamo_n ducat_n 100_o 119½_n ducatoon_n frankford_n ducat_n 1_o 103_o quarentins_n vide_fw-la how_o these_o be_v calculate_v chap._n 326._o and_o so_o follow_v chap._n cclxxx_o of_o the_o exchange_n of_o genova_n the_o metropolis_n of_o liguria_n genova_n the_o exchange_n of_o genova_n in_o genova_n exchanger_n keep_v their_o account_n in_o livre_n sol_n and_o denier_n current_n and_o they_o exchange_v in_o livre_n sol_n and_o denier_n of_o gold_n the_o money_n current_n be_v it_o that_o be_v the_o common_a in_o use_n of_o which_o the_o crown_n of_o gold_n be_v worth_a sol._n 90._o and_o in_o time_n past_a be_v worth_n less_o the_o money_n of_o gold_n be_v imaginary_a and_o value_v according_a as_o the_o fair_n of_o exchange_n permit_v of_o which_o the_o crown_n of_o gold_n be_v always_o worth_a 68_o sol._n in_o the_o custom_n of_o
rutland-shire_n 269_o richmondshire_n ibid._n rhadnorshire_n ibid._n the_o exchange_n of_o roven_n 277_o the_o exchange_n of_o rome_n 278_o rescounter_n in_o lion_n what_o 302_o rule_n of_o cast_v up_o the_o exchange_n make_v in_o lion_n ibid._n rate_n of_o exchange_n in_o lion_n which_o may_v serve_v for_o rate_n of_o interest_n in_o many_o other_o place_n 303_o a_o table_n for_o cast_v up_o the_o account_n of_o rebatement_n 305_o example_n of_o exchange_n practise_v in_o rome_n and_o how_o the_o same_o be_v to_o be_v calculate_v 326_o exchange_n of_o rome_n with_o placentia_n 327_o exchange_n of_o rome_n with_o florence_n 328_o exchange_n of_o rome_n with_o venice_n 329_o exchange_n of_o rome_n with_o milan_n 330_o exchange_n of_o rome_n with_o naples_n 331_o exchange_n of_o rome_n with_o genoa_n â—…_n exchange_n of_o rome_n with_o 〈◊〉_d lermo_fw-la 333_o exchange_n of_o rome_n with_o antwerp_n 334_o exchange_n of_o rome_n with_o london_n 335_o exchange_n of_o rome_n with_o valentia_n saragosa_n and_o barselona_n 336_o exchange_n of_o rome_n with_o sevil_n 337_o exchange_n of_o rome_n with_o lisbon_n 338_o term_n of_o payment_n of_o bill_n of_o exchange_n in_o rome_n 339_o aggio_n of_o money_n in_o rome_n 340_o order_n and_o commission_n by_o exchange_n in_o rome_n 341_o s._n ship_n distinguish_v into_o four_o part_n as_o the_o duty_n of_o four_o distinct_a person_n 2_o the_o ship-wright's_a duty_n ibid._n strictness_n for_o not_o pay_v custom_n in_o russin_n denmark_n sweden_n spain_n in_o england_n scotland_n germany_n france_n italy_n netherlands_o and_o turkey_n 4_o several_a fort_n of_o money_n in_o use_n in_o several_a country_n 5_o ship-pond_n in_o weight_n what_o 6_o stone_n in_o weight_n what_o ibid._n staple-commodity_n what_o 9_o sugar-trade_n 25_o sossala_n 27_o sue_v in_o the_o red-sea_n 29._o and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o 33_o sauchen_n and_o the_o trade_n contain_v the_o commodity_n measure_n and_o weight_n thereof_o 32_o smyrna_n with_o the_o commodity_n coin_n account_n weight_n measure_n custom_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o 45_o mineral_n salt_n 51_o syria_n in_o general_a 54_o sidon_n and_o the_o trade_n contain_v coin_n weight_n and_o measure_n thereof_o 58_o syrophoenicia_n and_o the_o city_n thereof_o ibid._n samaria_n 65_o sciras_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o 79_o sarmacand_n 86_o siam_n 88_o surat_n and_o the_o 〈…〉_o the_o coin_n 〈…〉_o etc._n etc._n thereof_o â—…_n ship_n of_o 〈…〉_o 〈…〉_o coast_n of_o bengala_n weight_n etc._n etc._n 94_o strange_a manner_n of_o buy_v and_o sell_v in_o pegu_n and_o that_o coast_n 95_o spinal_n dig_v at_o coplan_n ibid._n siam_n and_o the_o trade_n of_o the_o coast_n thereof_o their_o weight_n measure_n etc._n etc._n 96_o ten_o thousand_o sail_n of_o ship_n belong_v to_o the_o king_n of_o china_n in_o one_o river_n 98_o a_o ship_n yearly_a at_o maccau_n from_o goa_n go_v to_o japan_n 99_o summatra_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o 105_o socodana_n a_o english_a factory_a 106_o spain_n and_o the_o city_n thereof_o 111_o sevil_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o contain_v account_n coin_n exchange_n weight_n commodity_n measure_n etc._n etc._n thereof_o 112_o segovia_n 115_o salamanca_n ibid._n saragosa_n 119_o savoy_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o 133_o sienna_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o 163_o seventeenvnited_a province_n 178_o sidan_n ibid._n sluis_n 179_o the_o ancient_a staple_n of_o bridges_n 181_o strasburg_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o 186_o stutgard_n ibid._n spiers_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o 188_o saxony_n 196_o silver_n mine_n in_o friburg_n 202_o stoad_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o 203_o sealand_n in_o denmark_n 210_o scania_n ibid._n scandia_n ibid._n sweden_n and_o the_o city_n thereof_o 217_o stockholm_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o 218_o seruca_n 219_o smaleusco_n ibid._n samogitia_n 222_o stralsond_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o 229_o stetin_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o 230_o servia_n 235_o sclavonia_n 236_o spallata_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o 237_o schenico_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o 241_o scuttari_fw-la and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o 242_o sparta_n 245_o salonica_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o 246_o sidrocapse_n rich_a in_o mine_n of_o gold_n ibid._n samothrasia_n 248_o scio_fw-la or_o chios_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o 249_o sciros_fw-la island_n ibid._n salamis_n island_n ibid._n samos_n island_n ibid._n suda_n a_o brave_a harbour_n in_o candia_n 251_o strucalli_n island_n ibid._n santo_n mauro_n 252_o sicilia_n and_o the_o province_n thereof_o 256_o sardinia_n island_n 258_o sorling_n island_n 262_o scotland_n and_o the_o province_n thereof_o 264_o twelve_o shire_n in_o wales_n 268_o somersetshire_n 269_o surry_n ibid._n sussolk_n ibid._n sussex_n ibid._n staffordshire_n ibid._n shropshire_n ibid._n saragosa_n exchange_n 291_o sevil_n exchange_n 294_o sight_n what_o 299_o exchange_n of_o sevil_n 426_o exchange_n of_o saragosa_n ibid._n t._n tropick_n of_o cancer_n and_o capricorn_n 1_o thing_n considerable_a in_o barter_v bargain_v and_o exchange_v 2_o terra_fw-la cotterialis_n 12_o trindado_fw-es 13_o the_o trade_n of_o america_n by_o spaniard_n ibid._n tunis_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o with_o the_o coin_n weight_n measure_n commodity_n and_o custom_n thereof_o 15_o the_o trade_n in_o general_n of_o argier_n and_o tunis_n 19_o of_o trade_n in_o general_n of_o barbary_n 23_o tarradant_n ibid._n tombotu_n 25_o troy_n ruin_n ruin_v 46_o trapesond_n chap._n 51._o with_o the_o weight_n and_o measure_n thereof_o 55_o tyre_n and_o the_o ancient_a trade_n thereof_o 60_o tripoli_n in_o syria_n with_o the_o trade_n contain_v weight_n measure_n etc._n etc._n thereof_o 64_o turcomania_n 67_o tauris_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o 74_o the_o general_a trade_n of_o persia_n 82_o tartary_n and_o the_o province_n thereof_o 83_o tartary_n precopensis_n ibid._n tartary_n asiatica_fw-la and_o antiqua_fw-la 85_o tutta_n 90_o the_o trade_n in_o general_n of_o the_o sea-coast_n of_o india_n 92_o ticco_fw-it and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o 105_o trade_n in_o general_n of_o asia_n 109_o toledo_n 114_o tortosa_n 119_o the_o trade_n in_o general_n of_o spain_n and_o portugal_n survey_v 121_o thoullousa_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o 123_o torrian_n 125_o thollon_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o 130_o turino_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o 134_o the_o trade_n in_o general_n of_o france_n 135_o tarranto_n 139_o treviso_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o 152_o the_o trade_n in_o general_n of_o italy_n 177_o tornay_n 179_o the_o trade_n of_o antwerp_n augment_v by_o three_o occasion_n and_o decay_v by_o three_o occasion_n 179_o the_o trade_n in_o general_n of_o netherlands_o 181_o the_o trade_n in_o general_n of_o aermany_n 209_o the_o trade_n of_o prussia_n ibid._n the_o trade_n of_o denmark_n 215_o the_o trade_n of_o moscovia_n 221_o transilvania_n 236_o thebes_n 246_o thermophilae_fw-la strait_n famous_a ibid._n thessalia_n ibid._n thracia_n ibid._n the_o trade_n of_o the_o citizen_n of_o constantinople_n 247_o tenedos_n 248_o terra_fw-la sigillata_fw-la 248_o temple_n for_o the_o cure_n of_o lover_n 252_o turkey_n or_o levant_n merchant_n their_o original_n in_o london_n 270_o though_o the_o table_n of_o exchange_n differ_v from_o the_o present_a rate_n yet_o the_o use_n thereof_o be_v no_o way_n lessen_v 274_o term_n of_o payment_n of_o bill_n of_o exchange_n 299_o a_o table_n for_o cast_v up_o the_o account_n of_o discount_n or_o rebatement_n 304_o tripoli_n in_o barbary_n 15_o v._n virginia_n 12_o una_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o contain_v the_o coin_n weight_n measure_v thereof_o 12_o the_o undermine_a trick_n of_o the_o dutch_a in_o the_o trade_n of_o guiny_n 25_o the_o matchless_a villainy_n of_o the_o dutch_a in_o the_o amboina_fw-la island_n 103_o validolide_a 115_o valentia_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o 118_o vienne_n in_o france_n 127_o valentia_n in_o france_n ibid._n republic_n of_o venice_n and_o the_o city_n 131_o vicentia_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o 154_o verona_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o 156_o venice_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o 158_o urbino_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o 169_o valencourt_n 179_o utrecht_n 180_o vienna_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o 195_o veteravia_n 201_o valadomira_n 219_o volmia_n 222_o valona_n or_o avalona_n and_o the_o trade_n 243_o venetian_n the_o second_o trader_n of_o eminency_n in_o turkey_n 247_o ulster_n in_o ireland_n 263_o the_o use_n of_o the_o table_n of_o exchange_n 275_o venice_n exchange_n 281_o valentia_n exchange_n 291_o vienna_n exchange_n 298_o usance_n what_o 299_o example_n of_o exchange_n practise_v in_o venice_n and_o how_o calculate_v 368_o exchange_n of_o venice_n with_o lion_n 369_o of_o venice_n with_o placentia_n 370_o of_o venice_n with_o rome_n 371_o of_o venice_n with_o naples_n 372_o of_o venice_n with_o florence_n 373_o of_o venice_n with_o milan_n 374_o of_o venice_n with_o antwerp_n 375_o of_o venice_n with_o london_n 376_o of_o venice_n with_o genoa_n 377_o of_o venice_n with_o norimberg_n 378_o of_o venice_n with_o bergamo_n 379_o of_o order_n and_o commission_n give_v
parcel_n will_v amount_v to_o with_o the_o exchange_n from_o one_o sort_n of_o money_n or_o species_n to_o another_o in_o regard_n the_o same_o have_v be_v already_o publish_v by_o mr._n lewis_n roberts_n in_o his_o map_n of_o commerce_n but_o i_o have_v give_v my_o advice_n in_o the_o practical_a part_n of_o exchange_n according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o merchant_n use_v in_o england_n and_o i_o have_v general_o back_v my_o advice_n with_o some_o reason_n which_o among_o wise_a man_n be_v esteem_v more_o prevalent_a than_o law_n itself_o i_o dare_v warrant_v the_o proceed_n of_o any_o that_o shall_v walk_v after_o this_o my_o advice_n to_o be_v good_a and_o justifiable_a by_o the_o law_n of_o merchant_n but_o i_o think_v i_o need_v not_o hang_v out_o a_o bush_n if_o the_o palate_n be_v right_a i_o know_v the_o wine_n can_v be_v disrelished_a it_o be_v the_o crop_n of_o four_o and_o twenty_o year_n experience_v in_o my_o employment_n in_o the_o art_n of_o a_o notary_n public_a reader_n let_v not_o one_o perusal_n suffice_v thou_o this_o labour_n be_v i_o the_o gain_n will_v be_v thou_o i_o be_o but_o the_o adviser_n be_v thou_o advise_v by_o j._n marius_n exchange_n excellent_a and_o necessary_a exchange_n be_v by_o some_o hold_v to_o be_v the_o most_o mysterious_a part_n of_o the_o art_n of_o merchandize_v and_o traffic_n be_v ground_v upon_o custom_n and_o experience_n and_o the_o necessity_n and_o commodiousness_n of_o exchange_n be_v see_v in_o that_o it_o have_v find_v a_o general_a allowance_n in_o all_o country_n time_n out_o of_o mind_n and_o yet_o be_v maintain_v with_o the_o general_a consent_n of_o all_o for_o it_o prevent_v the_o danger_n and_o adventure_n of_o carriage_n of_o money_n from_o one_o city_n or_o country_n to_o another_o and_o this_o be_v do_v only_o by_o two_o or_o three_o line_n write_v on_o a_o small_a piece_n of_o paper_n term_v a_o bill_n of_o exchange_n which_o be_v so_o noble_a and_o excellent_a that_o though_o it_o can_v proper_o as_o i_o conceive_v be_v call_v a_o specialty_n because_o it_o want_v those_o formality_n which_o by_o the_o common-law_n of_o england_n be_v thereunto_o require_v as_o seal_v delivery_n and_o witness_n yet_o it_o be_v equivalent_a thereunto_o if_o not_o beyond_o or_o exceed_v any_o specialty_n or_o bond_n in_o its_o punctuality_n and_o precise_a payment_n carry_v with_o it_o a_o command_a power_n though_o direct_v from_o the_o servant_n to_o the_o master_n for_o if_o by_o he_o accept_v it_o concern_v he_o every_o whit_n as_o much_o to_o see_v it_o be_v pay_v with_o honour_n at_o the_o time_n as_o the_o servant_n can_v desire_v or_o the_o party_n to_o who_o it_o be_v payable_a can_v expect_v in_o regard_n the_o acceptor_n credit_n lie_v at_o stake_n and_o if_o he_o fail_v of_o payment_n at_o the_o precise_a day_n present_o there_o will_v issue_v forth_o a_o protest_v which_o may_v tell_v tale_n and_o soon_o make_v a_o dilemma_n in_o his_o commerce_n for_o he_o must_v not_o expect_v to_o continue_v his_o credit_n long_o that_o do_v not_o pay_v his_o accept_a bill_n at_o the_o time_n appoint_v and_o beside_o his_o own_o his_o servant_z or_o friend_n the_o drawer_n credit_n will_v also_o be_v wound_v beside_o the_o charge_n which_o be_v incident_a thereunto_o and_o unavoidable_a payment_n of_o principal_a and_o charges_n at_o the_o end_n if_o the_o party_n or_o party_n be_v able_a for_o both_o acceptor_n and_o drawer_n be_v bind_v till_o payment_n as_o shall_v be_v more_o particular_o show_v in_o this_o ensue_a treatise_n thus_o much_o in_o general_n for_o i_o love_v not_o to_o spend_v more_o word_n than_o need_v or_o tell_v a_o large_a story_n to_o little_a or_o no_o purpose_n exchange_v what_o it_o be_v real_a exchange_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o to_o give_v or_o take_v up_o money_n in_o one_o city_n or_o town_n to_o the_o end_n to_o have_v it_o again_o or_o to_o restore_v the_o just_a value_n thereof_o in_o money_n in_o another_o town_n according_a to_o the_o price_n which_o shall_v be_v agree_v upon_o between_o the_o taker_n and_o the_o deliverer_n to_o allow_v or_o pay_v for_o the_o exchange_n of_o the_o money_n and_o the_o loss_n of_o time_n which_o will_v be_v from_o the_o time_n that_o the_o money_n be_v take_v up_o or_o deliver_v till_o it_o be_v restore_v or_o receive_v again_o inland_a and_o outland_n bill_n all_o alike_o and_o by_o this_o it_o appear_v that_o a_o bill_n of_o exchange_n which_o shall_v be_v make_v for_o money_n take_v up_o at_o edinburgh_n york_n bristol_n exon_n plymouth_n dover_n or_o any_o other_o part_n of_o england_n or_o scotland_n and_o payable_a at_o london_n be_v in_o all_o thing_n as_o effectual_a as_o any_o bill_n of_o exchange_n make_v beyond_o the_o sea_n and_o payable_a here_o in_o england_n which_o we_o use_v to_o call_v a_o outland_n bill_n and_o the_o other_o a_o inland_a bill_n both_o the_o inland_n and_o outland_n be_v make_v for_o money_n take_v up_o by_o exchange_n and_o exchange_n of_o monies_n be_v a_o thing_n which_o may_v be_v do_v as_o well_o from_o one_o town_n to_o another_o as_o from_o one_o country_n kingdom_n or_o nation_n to_o another_o it_o must_v needs_o be_v that_o the_o bill_n of_o exchange_n which_o shall_v be_v make_v as_o well_o at_o one_o part_n as_o at_o another_o i_o mean_v inland_a and_o outland_n ought_v to_o be_v esteem_v of_o equal_a worth_n and_o the_o custom_n of_o merchant_n on_o both_o equal_o observe_v howbeit_o mr._n john_n trenchant_a in_o his_o book_n of_o arithmetic_n print_v at_o lion_n anno_fw-la 1608._o say_v that_o a_o exchange_n make_v in_o the_o same_o realm_n as_o from_o lion_n to_o paris_n be_v not_o real_a for_o that_o the_o real_a exchange_n be_v appoint_v only_o for_o exchange_n between_o town_n in_o subjection_n to_o divers_a lord_n who_o do_v not_o allow_v money_n to_o be_v transport_v out_o of_o their_o own_o territory_n or_o because_o the_o money_n be_v not_o convey_v from_o one_o place_n to_o another_o without_o great_a loss_n four_o person_n to_o make_v a_o exchange_n and_o how_o call_v ordinary_o there_o be_v four_o person_n requisite_a to_o be_v employ_v in_o take_v up_o or_o remit_v any_o parcel_n of_o money_n by_o exchange_n beside_o the_o broker_n who_o do_v procure_v the_o parcel_n as_o namely_o two_o at_o the_o place_n where_o the_o money_n be_v take_v up_o and_o two_o at_o the_o place_n where_o the_o money_n be_v payable_a 1._o the_o party_n who_o deliver_v the_o money_n by_o exchange_n who_o we_o use_v to_o call_v the_o deliverer_n or_o the_o giver_n and_o the_o french_a le_fw-fr banker_n because_o there_o be_v who_o keep_v a_o stock_n of_o money_n only_o to_o negotiate_v by_o exchange_n as_o our_o usurer_n do_v money_n to_o deliver_v at_o interest_n although_o these_o banker_n will_v as_o well_o take_v up_o as_o deliver_v money_n by_o exchange_n according_a as_o they_o see_v it_o most_o advantageous_a to_o they_o by_o the_o rise_n or_o fall_v of_o the_o price_n of_o monies_n by_o exchange_n 2._o the_o taker_n or_o party_n who_o receive_v or_o take_v up_o money_n by_o exchange_n and_o this_o party_n we_o usual_o call_v the_o drawer_n because_o he_o may_v be_v say_v to_o be_v the_o chief_a occasion_n of_o the_o draught_n of_o those_o money_n from_o one_o place_n to_o another_o by_o virtue_n of_o his_o bill_n of_o exchange_n 3._o the_o party_n who_o be_v to_o pay_v the_o money_n or_o he_o upon_o who_o the_o bill_n be_v draw_v or_o to_o who_o the_o bill_n of_o exchange_n be_v direct_v and_o 4._o the_o party_n to_o who_o the_o money_n be_v make_v payable_a or_o he_o to_o who_o the_o bill_n be_v send_v to_o get_v accept_v and_o to_o receive_v the_o money_n when_o due_a according_a to_o the_o bill_n so_o that_o by_o set_v down_o these_o four_o party_n and_o what_o use_n there_o be_v of_o they_o in_o exchange_n of_o monies_n it_o be_v apparent_a that_o there_o must_v be_v a_o correspondency_n and_o familiar_a acquaintance_n between_o the_o party_n who_o deliver_v monies_n by_o exchange_n and_o he_o to_o who_o the_o same_o be_v make_v payable_a and_o the_o party_n who_o take_v up_o money_n by_o exchange_n and_o he_o on_o who_o the_o bill_n be_v draw_v three_o person_n to_o make_v a_o exchange_n but_o sometime_o there_o be_v but_o three_o person_n needful_a in_o the_o do_v a_o parcel_n of_o money_n by_o exchange_n as_o first_o the_o taker_n second_o the_o deliverer_n and_o three_o the_o party_n upon_o who_o the_o bill_n be_v draw_v 1._o the_o taker_n he_o make_v and_o subscribe_v a_o bill_n of_o exchange_n for_o so_o much_o money_n by_o he_o receive_v of_o the_o deliverer_n 2._o the_o deliverer_n he_o order_v the_o bill_n to_o be_v make_v payable_a to_o himself_o or_o assign_v for_o the_o value_n of_o himself_o and_o
servant_n must_v have_v advice_n whether_o the_o parcel_n be_v accept_v or_o not_o to_o govern_v himself_o according_o and_o doubtless_o will_v be_v glad_a to_o hear_v the_o parcel_n he_o remit_v be_v accept_v and_o be_v trouble_v at_o the_o contrary_a wherefore_o although_o the_o money_n be_v remit_v i_o for_o my_o own_o account_n yet_o because_o the_o bill_n of_o exchange_n do_v concern_v other_o man_n as_o well_o as_o myself_o therefore_o i_o ought_v to_o have_v respect_n unto_o they_o also_o and_o to_o follow_v the_o usual_a course_n of_o exchange_n which_o be_v to_o endeavour_v to_o procure_v acceptation_n of_o bill_n of_o exchange_n as_o well_o as_o payment_n and_o indeed_o in_o the_o very_a letter_n of_o advice_n which_o be_v send_v by_o the_o deliverer_n of_o the_o money_n be_v he_o servant_n factor_n or_o principal_n to_o the_o party_n to_o who_o the_o bill_n be_v make_v payable_a it_o be_v usual_o express_v in_o these_o or_o the_o like_a word_n sir_n here_o enclose_v i_o do_v send_v you_o four_o bill_n of_o exchange_n for_o 500_o l._n viz._n 20_o nou._n 100_o l._n per_fw-la arthur_n a._n at_o do_v uso_fw-la on_o roger_n g._n ditto_n 100_o l._n per_fw-la joos_n d._n at_o do_v uso_fw-la 10_o day_n on_o gregory_n n._n ditto_n 150_o l._n per_fw-la arent_n b._n at_o 1½_n uso_fw-la on_o william_n m._n 22_o do_v 150_o l._n per_fw-la jac._n c._n at_o do_v uso_fw-la on_o frederick_n v._n whereof_o please_v to_o get_v acceptance_n and_o payment_n at_o the_o time_n when_o fall_v due_a give_v advice_n now_o certain_o all_o merchant_n be_v bind_v to_o follow_v order_n and_o consequent_o to_o endeavour_v the_o acceptance_n of_o all_o bill_n of_o exchange_n in_o the_o like_a kind_n send_v unto_o they_o or_o else_o they_o break_v the_o order_n of_o the_o party_n which_o send_v the_o bill_n whether_o the_o accepter_n be_v free_v by_o protest_v a_o bill_n of_o exchange_n which_o be_v accept_v and_o at_o the_o time_n not_o punctual_o pay_v there_o be_v other_o some_o that_o think_v if_o they_o shall_v cause_v a_o protest_v to_o be_v make_v on_o such_o a_o bill_n for_o nonpayment_n that_o they_o by_o protest_v shall_v free_v the_o party_n who_o have_v accept_v the_o bill_n of_o exchange_n and_o that_o they_o do_v reserve_v their_o right_n only_o against_o the_o drawer_n of_o the_o bill_n to_o recover_v upon_o he_o by_o virtue_n of_o the_o protest_v to_o this_o i_o say_v it_o be_v true_a by_o protest_v the_o drawer_n be_v liable_a to_o make_v satisfaction_n but_o the_o party_n which_o accept_v the_o bill_n be_v so_o far_o thereby_o i_o mean_v by_o protest_v for_o want_n of_o present_a payment_n from_o be_v free_v as_o that_o he_o be_v thereby_o make_v more_o liable_a or_o at_o least_o liable_a to_o pay_v more_o than_o he_o be_v before_o the_o protest_v be_v make_v for_o than_o he_o be_v only_o liable_a for_o the_o just_a sum_n mention_v in_o the_o bill_n but_o now_o after_o protest_v be_v make_v for_o non_fw-la payment_n he_o be_v liable_a also_o to_o pay_v all_o cost_n damage_n and_o interest_n etc._n etc._n which_o the_o party_n protest_v do_v by_o his_o protest_v express_o declare_v he_o do_v intend_v to_o recover_v of_o the_o acceptor_n in_o usual_a manner_n and_o indeed_o a_o protest_v for_o nonpayment_n ought_v usual_o to_o precede_v a_o action_n at_o law_n for_o by_o the_o protest_v be_v prove_v default_n of_o payment_n of_o the_o money_n at_o the_o time_n limit_v in_o the_o bill_n and_o so_o the_o acceptor_n become_v liable_a to_o a_o action_n of_o the_o case_n and_o so_o soon_o as_o ever_o protest_v have_v be_v make_v for_o nonpayment_n the_o party_n accept_v may_v be_v arrest_v thereupon_o which_o before_o he_o can_v not_o so_o legal_o have_v be_v time_n of_o payment_n and_o in_o what_o species_n every_o country_n have_v its_o usance_n or_o accustom_a time_n for_o payment_n of_o money_n by_o bill_n of_o exchange_n from_o one_o place_n to_o another_o as_o for_o instance_n from_o london_n to_o antwerp_n amsterdam_n middleborough_n rotterdam_n lisle_n roven_n and_o paris_n usance_n be_v one_o month_n after_o the_o date_n of_o the_o bill_n and_o so_o likewise_o from_o those_o part_n to_o london_n usance_n be_v one_o month_n after_o date_n double_a usance_n be_v two_o month_n etc._n etc._n and_o between_o hamborough_n and_o london_n monies_n be_v usual_o deliver_v at_o two_o month_n and_o in_o the_o bill_n of_o exchange_n for_o hamborough_n they_o do_v usual_o express_v double_a usance_n when_o they_o intend_v only_o two_o month_n from_o venice_n and_o other_o part_n of_o italy_n to_o amsterdam_n etc._n etc._n and_o from_o thence_o to_o italy_n usance_n be_v two_o month_n from_o venice_n etc._n etc._n to_o london_n usance_n be_v three_o month_n and_o at_o lion_n and_o some_o other_o place_n they_o do_v usual_o make_v their_o money_n pavable_a at_o certain_a mart_n or_o fair_n and_o here_o in_o england_n at_o so_o many_o day_n sight_n each_o place_n observe_v its_o accustom_a manner_n and_o in_o some_o place_n likewise_o they_o contract_v for_o what_o sort_n of_o money_n to_o pay_v either_o currant_n money_n in_o bank_n or_o out_o of_o bank_n which_o be_v sometime_o 1_o 1½_n or_o 2_o or_o more_o per_fw-la cent._n difference_n this_o be_v very_o expedient_a to_o be_v know_v to_o the_o end_n that_o he_o which_o do_v deliver_v his_o money_n by_o exchange_n for_o any_o place_n may_v not_o be_v deceive_v in_o his_o expectation_n as_o well_o concern_v the_o time_n as_o for_o the_o quality_n of_o the_o money_n which_o be_v to_o be_v pay_v in_o exchange_n for_o the_o money_n which_o he_o deliver_v danger_n in_o make_v bill_n payable_a to_o the_o bearer_n never_o make_v your_o bill_n of_o exchange_n payable_a to_o such_o a_o one_o name_v his_o name_n or_o to_o the_o bearer_n hereof_o which_o be_v very_o dangerous_a but_o always_o make_v your_o bill_n payable_a to_o such_o a_o one_o or_o his_o order_n or_o his_o assign_v or_o the_o like_a for_o a_o bill_n which_o shall_v be_v make_v payable_a to_o robert_n w._n or_o the_o bearer_n hereof_o may_v chance_v to_o miscarry_v or_o come_v to_o a_o wrong_a man_n hand_n and_o he_o may_v go_v and_o receive_v the_o money_n upon_o such_o a_o bill_n and_o the_o party_n to_o who_o of_o right_n it_o ought_v to_o be_v pay_v never_o the_o wise_a i_o mean_v not_o know_v of_o it_o and_o he_o that_o pay_v it_o will_v produce_v the_o bill_n itself_o for_o his_o warrant_n to_o pay_v it_o to_o whosoever_o shall_v bring_v it_o so_o you_o may_v chance_v to_o be_v defeat_v of_o your_o money_n and_o it_o may_v be_v your_o friend_n on_o who_o you_o draw_v the_o bill_n be_v suspect_v by_o you_o to_o have_v have_v a_o hand_n in_o the_o business_n though_o it_o may_v be_v he_o never_o have_v any_o such_o thought_n but_o pay_v it_o real_o to_o the_o party_n that_o bring_v the_o bill_n not_o know_v he_o nor_o ever_o inquire_v where_o he_o dwell_v or_o what_o he_o be_v and_o if_o you_o will_v needs_o have_v your_o friend_n bear_v some_o blame_n for_o pay_v the_o money_n in_o that_o manner_n you_o must_v bear_v the_o great_a blame_n and_o thank_v yourself_o for_o give_v such_o a_o order_n for_o he_o have_v perform_v your_o order_n and_o so_o you_o can_v have_v nothing_o against_o he_o unless_o you_o can_v prove_v a_o fraud_n in_o he_o but_o to_o prevent_v all_o such_o suspicion_n always_o make_v your_o bill_n payable_a to_o a_o certain_a man_n by_o name_n the_o name_n and_o time_n of_o old_a and_o new_a style_n though_o both_o agree_n yet_o how_o distinguish_v the_o computation_n or_o stile_n of_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n among_o christian_n do_v differ_v in_o several_a country_n and_o nation_n both_o in_o name_n and_o time_n first_o in_o name_n there_o be_v the_o julian_n or_o english_a account_n which_o among_o merchant_n be_v call_v stilo_fw-it veteri_fw-la or_o old_a stile_n and_o there_o be_v the_o gregorian_a or_o roman_a account_n which_o among_o the_o merchant_n be_v call_v stilo_fw-it novo_fw-la or_o new_a stile_n the_o old_a stile_n be_v use_v with_o we_o in_o england_n and_o at_o hamburg_n strasburg_n and_o other_o part_n of_o germany_n the_o new_a stile_n be_v use_v in_o the_o netherlands_o france_n spain_n and_o most_o part_n of_o christendom_n then_o for_o matter_n of_o time_n we_o in_o england_n begin_v our_o year_n the_o 25_o day_n of_o march_n they_o in_o the_o netherlands_o and_o other_o place_n where_o they_o write_v new_a stile_n except_o at_o venice_n and_o some_o part_n of_o italy_n begin_v their_o year_n the_o first_o day_n of_o january_n or_o as_o dr._n vilvain_n say_v christian_n in_o general_a do_v reckon_v from_o christ_n nativity_n currant_n january_n 1._o but_o the_o church_n of_o england_n with_o pisa_n and_o sienna_n in_o italy_n from_o his_o
one_o of_o they_o do_v accept_v it_o and_o the_o other_o do_v refuse_v to_o accept_v that_o bill_n must_v be_v protest_v for_o want_v of_o due_a acceptance_n but_o if_o the_o bill_n do_v come_v direct_v thus_o to_o robert_n a._n and_o john_n b._n or_o to_o either_o of_o they_o or_o thus_o to_o robert_n a._n or_o in_o his_o absence_n to_o john_n b._n in_o this_o case_n the_o bill_n be_v accept_v by_o a._n or_o b._n namely_o by_o but_o one_o of_o they_o it_o be_v sufficient_a and_o the_o bill_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v protest_v for_o want_v of_o due_a acceptance_n in_o regard_n be_v accept_v but_o by_o one_o of_o they_o on_o who_o it_o be_v draw_v it_o be_v accept_v according_a to_o the_o tenor_n of_o the_o bill_n verbal_a acceptance_n if_o a_o bill_n of_o exchange_n be_v present_v to_o the_o party_n to_o who_o it_o be_v direct_v to_o be_v accept_v and_o he_o do_v answer_v you_o thus_o leave_v your_o bill_n with_o i_o and_o i_o will_v accept_v it_o or_o thus_o call_v for_o it_o to_o morrow_n and_o you_o shall_v have_v it_o accept_v or_o such_o like_a word_n promise_v acceptance_n such_o a_o acceptance_n be_v bind_v and_o among_o merchant_n be_v take_v for_o a_o acceptance_n of_o the_o bill_n if_o the_o same_o can_v be_v prove_v by_o witness_n and_o if_o afterward_o he_o to_o who_o the_o bill_n be_v direct_v shall_v refuse_v to_o set_v his_o name_n to_o the_o bill_n and_o to_o write_v under_o it_o accept_v by_o i_o richard_n d._n according_a to_o the_o most_o usual_a manner_n here_o in_o england_n in_o this_o case_n the_o party_n to_o who_o the_o bill_n be_v payable_a may_v content_v himself_o with_o such_o a_o acceptance_n until_o the_o time_n of_o payment_n and_o then_o if_o payment_n be_v not_o make_v by_o the_o party_n who_o promise_v acceptance_n thereof_o as_o be_v before_o specify_v the_o party_n to_o who_o it_o be_v payable_a may_v take_v his_o course_n in_o law_n against_o the_o party_n so_o accept_v and_o questionless_a will_v be_v compel_v to_o the_o payment_n thereof_o provide_v the_o bill_n be_v first_o protest_v in_o due_a form_n for_o nonpayment_n and_o sure_o such_o a_o verbal_a acceptance_n be_v good_a and_o bind_a and_o there_o be_v a_o great_a deal_n of_o reason_n for_o it_o for_o it_o may_v so_o be_v that_o that_o bill_n of_o exchange_n be_v draw_v for_o provision_n to_o the_o party_n to_o who_o it_o be_v payable_a to_o the_o end_n to_o pay_v some_o other_o bill_n of_o exchange_n charge_v and_o draw_v on_o the_o party_n to_o who_o the_o former_a bill_n be_v payable_a and_o he_o have_v such_o a_o verbal_a promise_n of_o acceptance_n upon_o confidence_n therefore_o may_v chance_v to_o have_v accept_v the_o other_o bill_n draw_v on_o he_o or_o it_o may_v be_v the_o former_a bill_n be_v send_v he_o to_o furnish_v he_o with_o money_n to_o buy_v some_o commodity_n for_o the_o party_n that_o remit_v the_o same_o and_o upon_o such_o a_o verbal_a acceptance_n suppose_v the_o money_n will_v be_v pay_v he_o at_o the_o time_n he_o may_v happen_v to_o have_v buy_v the_o commodity_n for_o his_o friend_n and_o may_v peradventure_o have_v write_v to_o his_o friend_n that_o send_v he_o the_o bill_n and_o have_v give_v he_o advice_n that_o he_o be_v promise_v acceptance_n or_o that_o he_o doubt_v not_o of_o acceptance_n or_o the_o like_a and_o upon_o such_o advice_n give_v his_o friend_n will_v take_v notice_n thereof_o and_o make_v his_o account_n according_o and_o very_o if_o it_o be_v not_o so_o namely_o that_o such_o a_o verbal_a acceptance_n be_v bind_v there_o may_v happen_v great_a inconvenience_n in_o matter_n of_o trade_n between_o merchant_n and_o merchant_n among_o who_o in_o their_o way_n of_o commerce_n their_o word_n be_v or_o aught_o to_o be_v as_o bind_v as_o their_o writing_n accept_v for_o part_n if_o the_o party_n to_o who_o your_o bill_n of_o exchange_n be_v direct_v say_v unto_o you_o when_o you_o present_v he_o the_o bill_n to_o be_v accept_v that_o he_o will_v accept_v it_o for_o part_n in_o regard_n he_o have_v no_o more_o provision_n in_o his_o hand_n from_o the_o party_n for_o who_o account_n the_o bill_n of_o exchange_n be_v draw_v or_o that_o he_o owe_v he_o no_o more_o upon_o account_n or_o other_o the_o like_a reason_n best_o know_v to_o himself_o in_o this_o case_n you_o may_v take_v such_o his_o acceptance_n for_o part_n but_o than_o you_o present_o go_v to_o a_o notary_n public_a and_o cause_v the_o bill_n to_o be_v protest_v for_o want_n of_o acceptance_n for_o the_o whole_a sum_n therein_o mention_v and_o you_o must_v send_v away_o that_o your_o protest_v to_o the_o party_n which_o send_v you_o the_o bill_n that_o he_o may_v thereupon_o have_v security_n from_o the_o party_n which_o take_v up_o the_o money_n for_o the_o remain_a sum._n and_o so_o likewise_o at_o the_o time_n when_o the_o bill_n shall_v fall_v due_a you_o must_v go_v and_o receive_v the_o sum_n for_o which_o it_o be_v accept_v and_o you_o may_v make_v a_o receipt_n upon_o the_o bill_n for_o the_o same_o use_v these_o or_o the_o like_a word_n receive_v this_o 22_o january_n 1654._o in_o part_n of_o payment_n of_o this_o bill_n twenty_o five_o pound_n six_o shilling_n i_o say_v receive_v per_fw-la i_o john_n n._n and_o then_o you_o must_v cause_n protest_v again_o to_o be_v make_v for_o non_fw-la payment_n of_o the_o remain_a sum_n and_o send_v the_o same_o back_n according_a as_o you_o former_o do_v for_o non-acceptance_n note_v on_o your_o bill_n the_o time_n when_o they_o will_v fall_v due_a after_o you_o have_v present_v your_o bill_n of_o exchange_n and_o receive_v they_o accept_v then_o present_o reckon_v when_o they_o will_v fall_v due_a and_o if_o you_o have_v any_o bill_n draw_v from_o france_n or_o italy_n or_o other_o part_n in_o french_a crown_n ducat_n dollar_n or_o other_o outlandish_a money_n look_v in_o the_o bill_n at_o what_o rate_n or_o price_n they_o be_v draw_v for_o exchange_n of_o the_o money_n here_o in_o england_n and_o reduce_v they_o to_o our_o english_a money_n and_o then_o note_v on_o the_o backside_n of_o your_o bill_n close_o to_o the_o top_n at_o one_o end_n thereof_o in_o short_a the_o time_n when_o your_o bill_n will_v be_v due_a with_o the_o just_a sum_n which_o you_o be_v to_o receive_v at_o the_o time_n according_a to_o the_o tenor_n of_o your_o billâ—_n before_o you_o lay_v they_o up_o in_o your_o count_a house_n to_o the_o end_n that_o at_o any_o time_n when_o you_o will_v desire_v to_o know_v upon_o any_o occasion_n what_o money_n you_o have_v to_o receive_v and_o when_o payable_a you_o may_v present_o look_v over_o your_o bill_n see_v and_o know_v the_o same_o on_o the_o backside_n of_o the_o bill_n which_o you_o will_v find_v to_o be_v much_o ease_n very_o convenient_a and_o indeed_o merchanâ—_n like_v and_o i_o have_v know_v it_o practise_v by_o some_o of_o the_o best_a and_o most_o experience_a merchant_n in_o london_n keep_v or_o return_v bill_n accept_v your_o bill_n thus_o accept_v if_o payable_a to_o yourself_o you_o may_v lay_v up_o by_o you_o in_o your_o countinghouse_n until_o the_o time_n of_o payment_n be_v come_v or_o that_o you_o have_v other_o use_n thereof_o but_o if_o payable_a to_o he_o that_o deliver_v the_o value_n or_o that_o send_v they_o you_o to_o cause_n to_o be_v accept_v than_o you_o must_v therewith_o follow_v his_o order_n either_o in_o keep_v they_o by_o you_o until_o further_a order_n or_o in_o return_v they_o back_o to_o be_v endorse_v and_o it_o may_v be_v to_o take_v in_o the_o value_n thereof_o himself_o which_o he_o may_v likewise_o do_v on_o the_o second_o bill_n if_o he_o have_v it_o by_o he_o and_o so_o assign_v it_o over_o to_o another_o man_n and_o send_v you_o his_o order_n to_o deliver_v the_o accept_a bill_n to_o some_o other_o person_n who_o may_v have_v the_o second_o bill_n endorse_v payable_a unto_o he_o the_o deliverer_n be_v master_n for_o you_o be_v to_o take_v notice_n that_o the_o party_n which_o first_o deliver_v the_o money_n on_o the_o bill_n of_o exchange_n if_o the_o money_n he_o deliver_v be_v for_o his_o own_o proper_a account_n be_v right_o and_o proper_o master_n thereof_o until_o the_o bill_n fall_v due_a and_o he_o can_v or_o may_v prohibit_v the_o party_n to_o who_o it_o be_v direct_v not_o to_o pay_v the_o same_o at_o the_o time_n unto_o he_o to_o who_o the_o bill_n be_v first_o make_v payable_a suppose_v he_o to_o be_v a_o factor_n for_o the_o deliverer_n although_o the_o party_n on_o who_o the_o bill_n be_v draw_v have_v already_o accept_v the_o bill_n which_o prohibition_n be_v call_v a_o countermand_n and_o aught_o to_o be_v do_v in_o due_a form_n and_o but_o upon_o special_a sure_a ground_n
of_o exchange_n lose_v leave_v to_o be_v accept_v if_o a_o bill_n of_o exchange_n be_v lest_o with_o a_o man_n to_o be_v accept_v and_o he_o happen_v to_o have_v lose_v the_o bill_n or_o that_o it_o be_v mis-delivered_a that_o be_v to_o say_v deliver_v by_o he_o or_o any_o of_o his_o servant_n or_o by_o his_o mean_n to_o a_o wrong_a party_n or_o if_o in_o any_o case_n the_o party_n which_o leave_v the_o bill_n to_o be_v accept_v can_v have_v his_o bill_n of_o exchange_n redeliver_v to_o he_o accept_v or_o not_o accept_v according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o merchant_n in_o this_o case_n the_o party_n that_o lose_v the_o bill_n namely_o he_o on_o who_o it_o be_v draw_v or_o through_o who_o mean_n it_o be_v mis-delivered_a if_o he_o intend_v to_o accept_v the_o bill_n or_o if_o he_o have_v accept_v it_o must_v give_v a_o note_n under_o his_o hand_n and_o seal_v for_o the_o payment_n of_o the_o money_n mention_v in_o the_o bill_n to_o the_o party_n to_o who_o it_o be_v make_v payable_a or_o his_o assign_v at_o the_o time_n limit_v in_o the_o bill_n i_o say_v to_o pay_v the_o money_n upon_o the_o second_o bill_n if_o it_o shall_v come_v to_o hand_n within_o the_o time_n or_o else_o in_o default_n thereof_o he_o must_v bind_v himself_o to_o pay_v the_o money_n upon_o that_o note_n at_o the_o same_o time_n for_o it_o be_v but_o just_a and_o reasonable_a that_o he_o who_o have_v lose_v my_o specialty_n or_o bill_n of_o exchange_n shall_v make_v it_o good_a to_o i_o by_o some_o other_o mean_v equivalent_a thereunto_o but_o in_o case_n the_o party_n that_o thus_o lose_v the_o bill_n do_v refuse_v to_o give_v such_o a_o note_n under_o his_o hand_n and_o seal_v than_o he_o who_o present_v the_o bill_n to_o be_v accept_v or_o that_o leave_v the_o bill_n with_o he_o must_v present_o cause_n protest_v thereupon_o to_o be_v make_v in_o due_a form_n and_o must_v send_v the_o protest_v away_o by_o the_o first_o post_n and_o in_o like_a manner_n make_v demand_n of_o the_o money_n at_o the_o time_n though_o he_o have_v neither_o note_n nor_o bill_n of_o exchange_n and_o in_o default_n of_o payment_n he_o must_v cause_v a_o second_o protest_v to_o be_v make_v and_o send_v it_o away_o as_o the_o former_a but_o in_o case_n there_o be_v such_o a_o note_n make_v and_o at_o or_o before_o the_o time_n limit_v for_o payment_n thereof_o the_o second_o bill_n of_o exchange_n shall_v not_o come_v to_o hand_n you_o must_v go_v receive_v the_o money_n upon_o that_o note_n according_a to_o the_o content_n thereof_o and_o in_o default_n of_o payment_n you_o must_v cause_n protest_v to_o be_v make_v upon_o that_o note_n for_o nonpayment_n as_o if_o you_o have_v the_o accept_a bill_n or_o that_o the_o second_o bill_n be_v come_v to_o hand_n but_o not_o pay_v at_o the_o time_n bill_n endorse_v in_o blank_n if_o a_o bill_n of_o exchange_n be_v make_v payable_a to_o one_o beyond_o the_o sea_n or_o to_o one_o within-land_n in_o the_o country_n and_o he_o subscribe_v only_o his_o name_n on_o the_o backsidet_fw-la hereof_o leave_v a_o empty_a place_n above_o his_o name_n and_o do_v so_o send_v it_o to_o a_o merchant_n or_o friend_n to_o get_v it_o accept_v and_o to_o receive_v the_o money_n at_o the_o time_n therein_o limit_v of_o the_o party_n on_o who_o the_o bill_n be_v draw_v as_o it_o be_v usual_a to_o do_v the_o same_o be_v sufficient_a warrant_n for_o the_o party_n to_o who_o the_o bill_n be_v send_v to_o get_v it_o accept_v and_o and_o to_o receive_v the_o money_n according_o and_o in_o this_o case_n when_o the_o party_n that_o have_v the_o bill_n shall_v go_v for_o the_o money_n when_o the_o bill_n be_v due_a he_o may_v either_o receive_v the_o money_n himself_o or_o send_v his_o man_n for_o it_o if_o he_o go_v himself_o he_o may_v either_o write_v a_o assignment_n in_o the_o empty_a place_n above_o the_o name_n on_o the_o backside_n of_o the_o bill_n and_o so_o make_v it_o payable_a to_o himself_o and_o then_o when_o he_o shall_v have_v receive_v the_o money_n he_o must_v make_v a_o receipt_n for_o the_o same_o underneath_o the_o assignment_n in_o his_o own_o name_n in_o ordinary_a manner_n for_o so_o much_o money_n receive_v or_o else_o he_o may_v forbear_v make_v a_o assignment_n in_o the_o empty_a place_n to_o himself_o and_o instead_o thereof_o he_o may_v in_o the_o same_o empty_a place_n above_o the_o name_n make_v a_o receipt_n as_o if_o the_o money_n have_v be_v pay_v to_o the_o party_n to_o who_o the_o bill_n be_v payable_a and_o that_o set_v his_o name_n thereunto_o in_o blank_a and_o if_o he_o send_v his_o man_n with_o the_o bill_n to_o receive_v the_o money_n the_o man_n may_v upon_o the_o receipt_n of_o the_o money_n either_o deliver_v up_o the_o bill_n as_o it_o be_v without_o write_v any_o thing_n upon_o it_o or_o else_o he_o may_v as_o before_o fill_v up_o the_o empty_a place_n with_o a_o assignment_n payable_a to_o his_o master_n and_o then_o make_v a_o receipt_n underneath_o for_o so_o much_o money_n receive_v in_o 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who_o account_n abraham_n f._n draw_v the_o same_o bill_n bill_n pay_v upon_o protest_v if_o a_o bill_n of_o exchange_n be_v draw_v upon_o a_o merchant_n or_o any_o other_o here_o in_o london_n and_o he_o refuse_v to_o pay_v it_o or_o have_v not_o money_n ready_a to_o make_v present_a payment_n at_o the_o day_n and_o thereupon_o protest_v be_v make_v for_o nonpayment_n and_o another_o merchant_n or_o friend_n to_o the_o drawer_n have_v notice_n thereof_o do_v appear_v and_o declare_v before_o a_o notary_n public_a that_o he_o will_v pay_v it_o for_o honour_n of_o the_o drawer_n upon_o protest_n and_o according_o do_v pay_v the_o same_o and_o cause_v a_o act_n to_o be_v
the_o merchant_n map_n of_o commerce_n wherein_o the_o universal_a manner_n and_o matter_n relate_v to_o trade_n and_o merchandise_n be_v full_o treat_v of_o the_o standard_n and_o current_a coin_n of_o most_o prince_n and_o republic_n observe_v the_o real_a and_o imaginary_a coin_n of_o account_n and_o exchange_n express_v the_o natural_a product_n and_o artificial_a commodity_n and_o manufacture_n for_o transportation_n declare_v the_o weight_n and_o measure_n of_o all_o eminent_a city_n and_o town_n of_o traffic_n in_o the_o universe_n collect_v one_o into_o another_o and_o all_o reduce_v to_o the_o meridian_n of_o commerce_n practise_v in_o the_o famous_a city_n of_o london_n by_o lewis_n roberts_n merchant_n useful_a for_o all_o person_n who_o shall_v be_v employ_v in_o public_a affair_n of_o prince_n in_o foreign_a part_n for_o gentleman_n and_o other_o travel_v abroad_o and_o for_o all_o merchant_n and_o their_o factor_n who_o negotiate_v in_o any_o part_n of_o the_o world_n the_o four_o edition_n careful_o correct_v and_o enlarge_v to_o which_o be_v annex_v advice_n concern_v bill_n of_o exchange_n wherein_o all_o matter_n relate_v to_o bill_n of_o exchange_n both_o foreign_a and_o domestic_a be_v full_o treat_v of_o together_o with_o that_o most_o perfect_n treatise_n of_o trade_n entitle_v england_n be_v benefit_n and_o advantage_n by_o foreign_a trade_n demonstrate_v by_o tho._n must_n of_o london_n merchant_n london_n print_v for_o thomas_n horn_n at_o the_o south_n entrance_n of_o the_o royal_a exchange_n in_o cornhill_n 1700._o the_o author_n epistle_n dedicate_v to_o the_o merchant_n of_o england_n in_o general_a give_v a_o prospect_n of_o the_o ensue_a work_n gentleman_n i_o be_v not_o ignorant_a when_o first_o i_o undertake_v this_o task_n and_o busy_v myself_o to_o compass_v this_o work_n how_o difficult_a it_o will_v prove_v to_o be_v in_o it_o self_n what_o slender_a furtherance_n i_o have_v to_o accomplish_v the_o same_o and_o how_o weak_a 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find_v that_o the_o far_o i_o sail_v in_o this_o ocean_n the_o vast_a be_v my_o desire_n and_o the_o few_o be_v my_o furtherance_n to_o my_o wish_a port_n so_o that_o perceive_v the_o work_n thus_o to_o increase_v upon_o i_o beyond_o my_o expectation_n and_o first_o purpose_n i_o be_v constrain_v with_o the_o wind-scanted_n seaman_n to_o cast_v about_o again_o and_o limit_v myself_o to_o a_o narrow_a scantling_n for_o that_o to_o do_v it_o at_o large_a and_o as_o the_o matter_n punctual_o require_v be_v far_o beyond_o the_o reach_n of_o my_o knowledge_n yet_o because_o i_o can_v not_o do_v as_o i_o will_v i_o resolve_v to_o do_v as_o i_o can_v and_o thereupon_o begin_v again_o to_o cast_v these_o my_o first_o scatter_v collection_n into_o a_o lesser_a mould_n and_o reduce_v my_o first_o thought_n and_o observation_n into_o such_o a_o second_o limit_n and_o order_n as_o may_v best_o befit_v my_o experience_n and_o the_o compass_n to_o which_o now_o i_o have_v confine_v it_o conceive_v that_o as_o my_o intention_n join_v to_o my_o labour_n and_o pain_n herein_o tend_v only_o to_o the_o good_a of_o other_o and_o principal_o of_o merchant_n and_o their_o factor_n that_o reside_v or_o negotiate_v in_o foreign_a part_n so_o they_o will_v in_o requital_n be_v induce_v to_o have_v a_o good_a opinion_n thereof_o as_o a_o reward_n to_o i_o for_o the_o benefit_n that_o shall_v redound_v to_o they_o by_o the_o same_o excuse_v those_o error_n which_o peradventure_o the_o better_a experience_a may_v by_o trial_n find_v in_o the_o perusal_n of_o this_o work_n and_o the_o defect_n which_o my_o ignorance_n have_v enforce_v i_o to_o let_v pass_v which_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o diversity_n and_o rarity_n of_o the_o matter_n the_o same_o be_v most_o subject_a unto_o and_o the_o rather_o because_o i_o have_v be_v constrain_v oftentimes_o in_o this_o desert_n to_o travel_v without_o a_o certain_a guide_n and_o not_o seldom_o to_o navigate_v by_o another_o compass_n have_v not_o in_o any_o language_n or_o country_n meet_v with_o any_o author_n that_o can_v either_o total_o conduct_v i_o or_o true_o rectify_v my_o step_n when_o i_o go_v astray_o yet_o i_o must_v confess_v i_o meet_v with_o some_o that_o shot_n at_o the_o mark_n i_o aim_v at_o but_o it_o be_v at_o random_n and_o come_v not_o home_n to_o my_o purpose_a blank_n other_o i_o find_v who_o take_v up_o stuff_n upon_o trust_n but_o at_o length_n i_o be_v further_v by_o some_o friend_n who_o star_n lead_v i_o when_o i_o be_v benight_a and_o who_o candle_n light_v i_o when_o otherwise_o i_o shall_v have_v stumble_v by_o which_o mean_n and_o my_o own_o twelve_o year_n collection_n during_o my_o abode_n and_o employment_n in_o many_o part_n of_o the_o world_n i_o have_v at_o last_o by_o due_a sound_v of_o the_o channel_n safe_o sail_v over_o the_o ocean_n aforementioned_a and_o bring_v my_o bark_n to_o a_o anchor_n in_o her_o desire_a harbour_n and_o i_o hope_v so_o well_o observe_v the_o depth_n shoal_n rock_n and_o sand_n thereof_o that_o he_o that_o navigate_v after_o i_o and_o by_o this_o my_o map_n shall_v be_v secure_v from_o all_o danger_n and_o thereby_o bring_v his_o account_n to_o that_o wish_a port_n that_o may_v prove_v both_o to_o his_o own_o profit_n and_o commodity_n now_o gentleman_n have_v thus_o then_o understand_v with_o what_o industry_n and_o care_n the_o material_n of_o this_o edifice_n have_v be_v collect_v what_o pain_n have_v be_v use_v to_o bring_v it_o to_o this_o conclusion_n and_o perfection_n and_o have_v true_o weigh_v the_o benefit_n arise_v thereby_o all_o these_o i_o suppose_v be_v effectual_a inducement_n to_o challenge_v a_o fair_a acceptance_n from_o you_o yet_o notwithstanding_o all_o these_o real_a argument_n i_o can_v deny_v but_o the_o work_n itself_o may_v not_o only_o suffer_v in_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o censorious_a but_o be_v also_o subject_a to_o the_o verdict_n of_o the_o judicious_a but_o i_o be_o certain_a the_o foundation_n of_o it_o be_v lay_v upon_o the_o knowledge_n of_o geography_n and_o the_o use_n of_o map_n and_o sea-card_n in_o general_n so_o delightful_a profitable_a and_o necessary_a to_o the_o merchant_n the_o study_n of_o which_o must_v not_o be_v neglect_v by_o any_o person_n who_o will_v be_v esteem_v a_o expert_a trader_n in_o raise_v our_o structure_n i_o describe_v first_o the_o empire_n kingdom_n and_o republic_n of_o this_o habitable_a world_n next_o the_o particular_a province_n of_o each_o and_o then_o the_o most_o celebrate_a town_n of_o traffic_n therein_o together_o with_o their_o natural_a product_n artificial_a commodity_n and_o manufacture_n then_o i_o have_v give_v a_o account_n of_o the_o several_a coin_n there_o in_o use_n and_o current_n with_o the_o value_n and_o denomination_n of_o they_o and_o the_o species_n wherein_o merchant_n do_v there_o frame_v and_o regulate_v their_o account_n by_o also_o the_o weight_n and_o measure_n of_o those_o place_n together_o with_o their_o exchange_n and_o how_o those_o be_v find_v to_o be_v calculate_v among_o the_o italian_n who_o be_v account_v the_o most_o expert_a banker_n and_o exchanger_n in_o the_o world_n last_o i_o have_v add_v a_o table_n of_o the_o longitude_n and_o latitude_n of_o all_o these_o eminent_a place_n of_o traffic_n not_o only_o thereby_o to_o satisfy_v the_o curious_a but_o the_o better_a to_o guide_v the_o inquir_a to_o any_o such_o city_n or_o town_n seek_v for_o and_o in_o all_o this_o work_v my_o chief_a ambition_n have_v be_v to_o please_v all_o merchant_n in_o general_a and_o if_o i_o may_v not_o be_v think_v to_o judge_v too_o favourable_o of_o my_o own_o endeavour_n i_o hope_v shall_v not_o fail_v therein_o but_o i_o be_o almost_o confident_a be_v my_o labour_n due_o weigh_v my_o work_n may_v challenge_v acceptance_n however_o i_o offer_v it_o to_o the_o public_a for_o their_o benefit_n and_o from_o the_o great_a respect_n
s._n concern_v account_n they_o be_v keep_v in_o muscovado_n sugar_n according_a to_o which_o all_o the_o other_o country_n commodity_n be_v regulate_v concern_v interest_n ten_o in_o the_o hundred_o be_v account_v reasonable_a but_o no_o law_n be_v make_v they_o take_v from_o 10_o to_o 30_o per_fw-la cent_n and_o some_o more_o concern_v weight_n and_o measure_n they_o be_v according_a to_o the_o standard_n of_o england_n and_o only_o differ_v in_o that_o they_o buy_v and_o sell_v by_o the_o single_a 100_o l._n instead_o of_o the_o 112._o and_o the_o measure_n for_o all_o sort_n of_o commodity_n linen_n and_o woollen_a be_v the_o yard_n only_o in_o salt_n they_o allow_v 84_o pound_n to_o the_o bushel_n and_o for_o all_o sort_n of_o grain_n 56_o pound_n to_o the_o bushel_n the_o growth_n of_o this_o island_n and_o part_n adjacent_a as_o for_o trade_n be_v sugar_n ginger_n indigo_n cotton-wooll_n also_o tobacco_n logwood_n fustick_a and_o lignum_fw-la aquavitae_fw-la but_o of_o these_o four_o last_v no_o quantity_n now_o to_o be_v have_v here_o but_o in_o the_o leeward_n island_n great_a store_n for_o the_o first_o four_o every_o one_o make_v as_o they_o please_v that_o be_v to_o say_v few_o so_o good_a as_o they_o may_v especial_o if_o intend_v to_o pay_v away_o here_o be_v no_o law_n of_o compulsion_n in_o the_o case_n in_o some_o place_n of_o this_o island_n sugar_n will_v require_v five_o week_n to_o cure_n in_o and_o in_o other_o place_n near_o the_o sea_n three_o week_n the_o soon_o but_o some_o will_v make_v payment_n of_o it_o in_o three_o or_o four_o day_n cure_v etc._n etc._n which_o if_o refuse_v by_o the_o merchant_n he_o may_v stay_v one_o year_n time_n the_o long_o beside_o the_o charge_n of_o a_o suit_n in_o law_n ere_o he_o get_v it_o this_o can_v well_o be_v remedy_v because_o the_o law_n be_v make_v by_o freeholder_n which_o be_v planter_n no_o merchant_n be_v capable_a of_o be_v choose_v into_o the_o assembly_n unless_o he_o have_v to_o acre_n of_o land_n etc._n etc._n the_o first_o four_o mention_v commodity_n receive_v prejudice_n in_o their_o product_n by_o abundance_n of_o rain_n or_o drought_n when_o more_o than_o usual_a happen_v in_o their_o proper_a season_n also_o violent_a wind_n lodge_v the_o sugarcane_n whereby_o the_o quantity_n be_v lessen_v and_o the_o goodness_n abate_v the_o chief_a season_n for_o exportation_n be_v from_o january_n to_o september_n or_o october_n when_o come_v in_o the_o wet_a season_n that_o make_v the_o way_n not_o cartable_a etc._n etc._n and_o usual_o put_v a_o end_n both_o of_o make_v and_o transport_v wine_n of_o all_o sort_n be_v here_o import_v and_o vend_v but_o of_o french_a and_o portugal_n the_o great_a quantity_n viz._n of_o madera_n wine_n come_v in_o about_o 1300_o tun_n yearly_a of_o spanish_a about_o 300_o tun_n and_o of_o french_a wine_n about_o 700_o tun_n per_fw-la annum_fw-la beside_o brandy_n and_o english_a spirit_n but_o of_o these_o now_o few_o quantity_n import_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o general_a use_n and_o virtue_n of_o the_o spirit_n of_o sugarcane_n call_v rum_o which_o by_o the_o mean_a fort_n as_o servant_n and_o slave_n be_v not_o only_o drink_v in_o great_a abundance_n but_o also_o much_o thereof_o be_v hence_o transport_v to_o virginia_n barmudos_n and_o new-england_n etc._n etc._n salt_v meat_n as_o beef_n pork_n fish_n etc._n etc._n from_o ireland_n new-england_n virginia_n barmudos_n newfoundland_n etc._n etc._n also_o pease_n flower_n butter_n cheese_n and_o biscuit_n likewise_o timber_n board_n pipe_n and_o hogshead_n staff_n etc._n etc._n also_o negro-slave_n from_o guinny_n and_o live_v cattle_n as_o bull_n cow_n astenegoes_n and_o horse_n from_o the_o cape_n de_fw-fr verde_n island_n new-england_n etc._n etc._n and_o from_o england_n servant_n and_o all_o other_o commodity_n fit_a for_o plantation_n and_o for_o apparel_n etc._n etc._n of_o all_o which_o great_a quantity_n be_v hither_o bring_v and_o sell_v concern_v drapery_n that_o be_v here_o chief_o in_o use_n and_o vendible_a which_o be_v in_o england_n and_z althô_o by_o reason_n of_o a_o constant_a temperate_a warmth_n stuff_v in_o great_a quantity_n be_v make_v use_n of_o yet_o sine_fw-la broad_a cloth_n be_v much_o wear_v here_o and_o in_o good_a request_n and_o for_o linen_n etc._n etc._n all_o sort_n be_v here_o wear_v as_o in_o england_n but_o more_o especial_o of_o the_o fine_a together_o with_o shoe_n stocking_n hat_n and_o all_o other_o manner_n of_o apparel_n be_v here_o use_v as_o in_o england_n copper_n and_o still_n for_o boil_a of_o sugar_n and_o make_v of_o rum_o with_o all_o other_o necessary_n belong_v to_o plantation_n to_o sugar-work_n and_o windmill_n as_o all_o kind_n of_o ironwork_n and_o brass_n be_v here_o vendible_a also_o fire-stone_n to_o set_v copper_n with_o and_o newcastle_n coal_n for_o smith_n etc._n etc._n here_o be_v no_o excise_n nor_o custom_n payable_a on_o any_o commodity_n import_v or_o export_v save_v only_o on_o liquor_n as_o wine_n and_o brandy_n beer_n and_o cider_n spanish_n and_o portugal_n wine_n at_o present_a pay_n for_o excise_n 270_o pound_n of_o muscovado_n sugar_n per_fw-la tun_n and_o french_a 200_o pound_n brandy_n 3_o pound_n of_o sugar_n per_fw-la gallon_n beer_n 54_o pound_n per_fw-la tun_n and_o cider_n the_o like_a and_o this_o duty_n be_v sometime_o more_o and_o sometime_o less_o and_o all_o ship_n which_o come_v to_o trade_n here_o pay_v half_o a_o pound_n of_o powder_n for_o each_o tun_n enter_v at_o factorage_n or_o factory_a provision_n be_v 10_o per_fw-la cent_n 5_o per_fw-la cent_n for_o sail_n and_o 5_o for_o return_v together_o with_o 3_o per_fw-la cent_n for_o storehouse_n room_n this_o be_v the_o ordinary_a rate_n but_o some_o agree_v to_o have_v their_o business_n do_v cheap_a no_o prohibition_n for_o exportation_n or_o importation_n of_o any_o commodity_n only_o the_o governor_n be_v consent_n be_v to_o be_v ask_v if_o any_o will_v export_v provision_n as_o corn_n etc._n etc._n that_o be_v the_o growth_n of_o the_o island_n the_o ship_n which_o come_v and_o trade_n to_o this_o island_n belong_v general_o to_o england_n some_o few_o small_a vessel_n belong_v to_o this_o place_n and_o pass_v to_o and_o fro_o here_o and_o to_o the_o leeward_n island_n and_o some_o belong_v to_o new-england_n barmudos_n etc._n etc._n the_o number_n of_o vessel_n which_o come_v hither_o to_o trade_n in_o one_o whole_a year_n namely_o in_o 1660._o be_v find_v to_o be_v 201_o ship_n of_o all_o sort_n as_o ketche_n sloop_n bark_n etc._n etc._n and_o contain_v in_o burden_n 15505_o tun_n according_a as_o they_o be_v here_o enter_v which_o be_v at_o the_o least_o three_o pound_n less_o than_o their_o true_a burden_n great_a part_n of_o which_o ship_n reload_v for_o england_n and_o many_o go_v for_o new-england_n barmudos_n virginia_n guinny_n and_o other_o place_n almost_o empty_a and_o with_o but_o little_a of_o this_o country_n growth_n no_o other_o fish_n then_o for_o present_a spend_v such_o fresh_a fish_n be_v take_v round_o the_o island_n of_o divers_a sort_n great_a quantity_n the_o usual_a freight_n or_o rate_v for_o tonnage_n from_o hence_o for_o london_n be_v about_o 4_o and_o 5_o l._n per_fw-la tun_n sometime_o when_o ship_n be_v plentiful_a at_o 3_o l._n and_o when_o scarce_o at_o 6_o and_o 7_o l._n the_o tun._n no_o public_a office_n of_o assurance_n and_o seldom_o any_o private_a contract_n seldom_o any_o exchange_n from_o hence_o to_o any_o other_o place_n sometime_o sugar_n be_v here_o receive_v and_o bill_n give_v for_o england_n for_o money_n cracas_n cracas_n cracas_n lie_v 4_o league_n from_o the_o seaside_n be_v pleasant_o situate_v and_o inhabit_v by_o at_o least_o 250_o family_n beautify_v with_o a_o fair_a church_n three_o convent_v two_o of_o friar_n one_o of_o mersede_n the_o other_o of_o dominican_n and_o one_o of_o conception_n nun_n a_o hospital_n and_o a_o chapel_n dedicate_v to_o st._n maurice_n the_o town_n accommodate_v with_o a_o fresh_a river_n who_o original_a be_v not_o above_o a_o furlong_n distant_a which_o be_v divide_v into_o two_o little_a rivulet_n enter_v the_o town_n and_o there_o so_o subdivide_v that_o scarce_o a_o house_n but_o be_v supply_v with_o a_o branch_n thereof_o the_o inhabitant_n be_v some_o gentleman_n and_o merchant_n but_o for_o the_o most_o part_n such_o as_o live_v upon_o their_o cattle_n or_o rather_o upon_o their_o hide_n and_o their_o plantation_n of_o caquo_n which_o of_o late_a year_n be_v grow_v very_o considerable_a the_o passage_n to_o this_o place_n from_o the_o port_n or_o seaside_n be_v very_o difficult_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o many_o steep_a rock_n some_o as_o high_a as_o st._n paul's-steeple_n london_n and_o narrow_a passage_n where_o but_o one_o horse_n can_v go_v at_o a_o time_n and_o often_o in_o great_a danger_n of_o tumble_v from_o those_o narrow_a passage_n
their_o worth_n will_v hinder_v the_o sale_n and_o exportation_n of_o they_o of_o that_o growth_n do_v therefore_o prohibit_v the_o same_o to_o be_v land_v or_o sell_v in_o their_o town_n till_o christmas_n day_n in_o the_o morning_n and_o then_o these_o high_a country_n merchant_n be_v more_o busy_a in_o land_v their_o wine_n than_o they_o be_v in_o attend_v their_o mass_n that_o gabor_n or_o light_a being_n ever_o account_v free_a of_o tax_n and_o custom_n that_o first_o set_v her_o head_n aground_o when_o their_o mass_n bell_n ring_n and_o then_o it_o be_v lawful_a for_o any_o man_n for_o that_o day_n to_o come_v aboard_o she_o and_o be_v drink_v gratis_o here_o our_o english_a have_v have_v many_o privilege_n and_o be_v esteem_v as_o fellow_n citizen_n before_o all_o other_o stranger_n but_o our_o last_o war_n to_o the_o isle_n of_o rhee_n have_v make_v they_o here_o inferior_a to_o all_o other_o and_o now_o pay_v double_a their_o former_a custom_n upon_o wine_n which_o in_o courtesy_n to_o the_o dutch_a be_v abate_v they_o and_o lay_v on_o the_o english_a shoulder_n which_o may_v be_v remedy_v if_o his_o majesty_n please_v it_o be_v otherwise_o then_o for_o prune_n and_o wine_n a_o town_n of_o no_o great_a trade_n for_o little_a traffic_n be_v here_o else_o drive_v money_n only_o be_v hither_o remit_v to_o provide_v the_o same_o but_o no_o commodity_n else_o vendible_a of_o import_n in_o anno_fw-la 1611._o i_o here_o learned_a the_o french_a tongue_n after_o i_o have_v be_v for_o a_o while_n in_o rochel_n so_o i_o will_v note_v in_o brief_a what_o i_o observe_v thereupon_o in_o those_o my_o young_a day_n account_n money_n and_o account_n the_o money_n current_n and_o account_n keep_v be_v in_o liver_n sold._n denier_n as_o throughout_o all_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o french_a king_n bordeaux_n weight_n of_o bordeaux_n their_o weight_n and_o measure_n be_v as_o follow_v the_o weight_n of_o bordeaux_n be_v the_o pound_n 100_o whereof_o be_v the_o quintar_n which_o have_v be_v find_v to_o be_v 110_o l._n english_a and_o the_o 100_o l._n in_o london_n be_v 90¾_n l._n here_o bordeaux_n measure_n of_o bordeaux_n their_o common_a measure_n be_v a_o auln_v which_o be_v about_o english_a geron._n english_a subjection_n at_o blay_n upon_o the_o river_n geron._n from_o bordeaux_n i_o will_v pass_v by_o blay_n where_o i_o will_v only_o note_v a_o subjection_n of_o our_o english_a ship_n which_o here_o at_o their_o go_v up_o to_o bordeaux_n unlade_v all_o their_o artillery_n and_o arm_n which_o by_o many_o treaty_n between_o the_o king_n of_o england_n and_o france_n have_v be_v covenant_v to_o be_v disuse_v yet_o the_o insolency_n of_o the_o captain_n of_o blay_n scorn_v the_o commandment_n of_o his_o sovereign_n and_o his_o treaty_n hold_v still_o the_o same_o in_o use_n to_o the_o great_a prejudice_n of_o our_o merchant_n trade_v to_o bordeaux_n and_o now_o to_o rochel_n the_o place_n of_o my_o first_o education_n beyond_o sea_n chap._n cxxv_o of_o rochel_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o rochel_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o rochel_n have_v be_v long_a time_n account_v the_o strong_a and_o best_a fortify_v city_n in_o france_n and_o be_v till_o of_o late_a year_n in_o possession_n of_o the_o protestant_n and_o be_v ever_o find_v as_o a_o sanctuary_n for_o they_o in_o their_o great_a danger_n it_o be_v commodious_o seat_v for_o trade_n on_o the_o aquitain_n ocean_n the_o sea_n every_o tide_n flow_v into_o the_o city_n and_o carry_v thereinto_o ship_n of_o a_o reasonable_a burden_n within_o these_o late_a year_n the_o french_a king_n have_v besiege_v it_o and_o after_o a_o long_a siege_n starve_v the_o inhabitant_n and_o by_o that_o mean_v enforce_v the_o reduction_n therefore_o what_o trade_n it_o now_o have_v i_o be_o ignorant_a of_o but_o anno_fw-la 1611._o there_o be_v a_o great_a concourse_n of_o merchant_n as_o be_v the_o staple_n for_o all_o english_a commodity_n for_o these_o part_n of_o france_n their_o coin_n current_a and_o form_n of_o account_n be_v the_o same_o as_o throughout_o all_o france_n and_o their_o weight_n be_v these_o rochel_n weight_n of_o rochel_n the_o 100_o l._n of_o rochel_n have_v make_v in_o london_n 96_o l._n english_a and_o by_o observation_n in_o lion_n of_o poid_v de_fw-fr la_fw-fr ville_fw-fr 94_o l._n rochel_n measure_v of_o rochel_n the_o measure_n be_v the_o auln_v common_a in_o name_n with_o all_o france_n but_o in_o many_o place_n be_v find_v to_o differ_v roak_v here_o 44_o inch_n english_a from_o england_n be_v send_v hither_o butter_n calves-skin_n herring_n new-found_a land-fish_a and_o some_o english_a manufacture_n of_o cloth_n etc._n etc._n and_o hence_o be_v return_v a_o small_a wine_n call_v a_o rochel_n wine_n but_o more_o proper_o cogniacke_n also_o salt_n from_o the_o isle_n of_o rhee_n oleron_n etc._n etc._n and_o some_o prune_n and_o other_o commodity_n poictu_fw-la poictu_fw-la poictou_n be_v the_o next_o province_n the_o principal_a city_n hereof_o be_v poitiers_n famous_a for_o the_o study_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n and_o next_o to_o paris_n for_o greatness_n in_o all_o france_n but_o of_o no_o note_n in_o matter_n of_o trade_n anjou_n anjou_n anjou_n be_v the_o next_o yield_v the_o best_a wine_n in_o france_n the_o principal_a town_n be_v angiers_n and_o saumar_n the_o only_a protestant_a university_n in_o france_n main_fw-fr main_fw-fr main_a be_v the_o next_o the_o principal_a town_n be_v mans._n tourain_n tourain_n tourain_n be_v the_o next_o the_o principal_a city_n be_v blois_n ambois_n and_o tours_n famous_a for_o give_v a_o beginning_n to_o the_o protestant_n of_o france_n and_o which_o be_v note_v for_o many_o excellent_a fabric_n and_o manufacture_n of_o silk_n here_o daily_o make_v know_v to_o we_o by_o the_o name_n of_o taffeta_n plush_n and_o taby_n of_o tours_n britain_n britain_n britain_n be_v the_o next_o wherein_o be_v find_v nants_n for_o the_o situation_n pleasant_a rheims_n a_o parliament_n seat_n and_o last_o st._n malo_n seat_v commodious_o for_o trade_n upon_o the_o british_a ocean_n locram_n locram_n giberoy_n a_o great_a fair_a for_o these_o country_n and_o morlais_n afford_v that_o linen_n in_o great_a quantity_n know_v to_o we_o by_o the_o name_n of_o locram_n morlais_n st._n maloes_n and_o morlais_n st._n maloes_n and_o morlais_n comprehend_v these_o three_o know_a sort_n of_o dowlas_n tregar_o and_o grasscloth_n also_o noial_n for_o sail-cloth_n and_o some_o of_o other_o sort_n here_o daily_o buy_v up_o for_o ready_a money_n and_o hence_o disperse_v into_o spain_n england_n scotland_n and_o ireland_n normandy_n normandy_n the_o next_o be_v normandy_n in_o which_o be_v find_v many_o principal_a town_n of_o trade_n as_o be_v commodious_o seat_v by_o the_o neighbourhood_n of_o the_o british_a ocean_n the_o chief_a be_v caen_n diep_n newhaven_n constance_n and_o last_o roven_n under_o the_o title_n whereof_o i_o shall_v comprehend_v the_o trade_n of_o the_o rest_n chap._n cxxvi_o of_o roven_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o normandy_n roven_n and_o the_o trade_n of_o normandy_n roven_v seat_v on_o the_o bank_n of_o the_o river_n sein_fw-fr and_o the_o seat_n of_o the_o parliament_n of_o normandy_n be_v one_o of_o the_o principal_a city_n of_o traffic_n and_o commerce_n in_o france_n have_v a_o great_a concourse_n of_o merchant_n of_o all_o these_o northern_a kingdom_n and_o be_v one_o of_o the_o three_o principal_a in_o france_n when_o exchange_n be_v use_v roven_n commodity_n of_o roven_n the_o commodity_n that_o be_v hence_o and_o out_o of_o normandy_n export_v be_v linen_n course_n and_o fine_a buckram_n paper_n card_n some_o wine_n and_o other_o petty_a manufacture_n the_o commodity_n send_v thither_o from_o england_n principal_o clothes_n of_o sundry_a country_n a_o kersey_n of_o devonshire_n and_o yorkshire_n bay_n of_o coxal_a cotton_n of_o wales_n and_o yorkshire_n and_o of_o late_a pepper_n gall_n cotton_n yarn_n and_o other_o turkey_n commodity_n also_o lead_v tin_n fish_n and_o some_o india_n commodity_n the_o note_n of_o trade_n observe_v there_o at_o my_o residence_n therein_o 1614_o i_o shall_v brief_o touch_v as_o then_o note_v the_o same_o roven_n money_n and_o acount_n in_o roven_n the_o money_n current_a and_o account_n keep_v be_v the_o same_o as_o in_o general_n use_v throughout_o france_n see_v far_o in_o paris_n roven_n weight_n in_o roven_n the_o king_n beam_n be_v here_o call_v the_o viconte_n which_o be_v 14_o per_fw-la cent._n great_a than_o our_o english_a 112_o l._n and_o some_o have_v find_v it_o to_o be_v 10_o or_o 12_o l._n by_o which_o be_v weigh_v all_o commodity_n whatsoever_o but_o i_o have_v often_o find_v that_o the_o 112_o l._n english_a have_v make_v by_o viconte_n 98_o l._n and_o by_o commce_n beam_n 101_o l._n roven_n measure_n in_o roven_n the_o measure_n be_v here_o a_o auln_v by_o which_o all_o commodity_n of_o woollen_a and_o
be_v inquisitive_a and_o circumspect_a to_o inform_v himself_o in_o the_o true_a worth_n and_o value_n thereofere_fw-la he_o part_n with_o his_o commodity_n paris_n weight_n of_o paris_n the_o quintal_n of_o paris_n be_v 100_o l._n which_o have_v be_v find_v to_o produce_v in_o london_n near_o 100_o l._n subtle_a 2_o per_fw-la cent_n more_fw-it or_o less_o which_o in_o lion_n render_v of_o 16_o ounce_n 116_o l._n in_o venetia_n sotile_v 144_o l._n 100_o l._n sotile_a in_o venetia_n make_v in_o paris_n 62½_n l._n of_o 15_o ounce_n per_fw-la l._n the_o cargo_n or_o great_a quintal_n in_o paris_n be_v 300_o l._n of_o 12_o ounce_n per_fw-la l_o which_o make_v in_o florence_n 487_o l._n but_o the_o ordinary_a quintal_n of_o 100_o l._n beforenamed_n be_v of_o 15_o ounce_n to_o a_o pound_n wine_n be_v sell_v by_o the_o cistern_n 96_o make_v a_o tun_n and_o each_o cistern_n contain_v 8_o pint_n so_o that_o it_o may_v be_v account_v two_o cones_n of_o florence_n which_o be_v gallon_n english_a see_v london_n paris_n measure_n of_o paris_n they_o have_v two_o measure_n in_o length_n one_o for_o silk_n and_o another_o for_o linen_n the_o which_o be_v but_o note_n that_o all_o merchant_n sell_v silk_n stuff_v in_o gross_a in_o paris_n the_o same_o be_v sell_v by_o the_o pound_n weight_n which_o be_v better_o for_o the_o buyer_n for_o thereby_o he_o discern_v the_o weight_n of_o the_o silk_n he_o have_v for_o his_o money_n paris_n exchange_n of_o paris_n paris_n do_v exchange_n with_o many_o place_n which_o i_o here_o omit_v and_o place_v the_o same_o among_o the_o exchange_n in_o general_a in_o the_o tract_n follow_v at_o the_o end_n of_o this_o book_n in_o the_o chapter_n 277_o and_o 302._o trade_n the_o french_z not_o addict_v to_o trade_n it_o may_v be_v imagine_v that_o this_o kingdom_n consider_v the_o riches_n thereof_o shall_v abound_v iâ—_n trade_n and_o navigation_n but_o the_o better_a sort_n of_o man_n meddle_v not_o with_o traffic_n as_o conceive_v the_o same_o to_o be_v both_o ignoble_a and_o base_a and_o consequent_o unfit_a for_o they_o leave_v the_o same_o to_o such_o who_o spirit_n be_v elevate_v to_o that_o ripeness_n that_o they_o can_v but_o only_o be_v sorry_a for_o their_o erroneoâ—_n opinion_n their_o navigation_n also_o be_v not_o far_o the_o marselicans_n great_a voyage_n be_v to_o turkâ—…_n and_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o rochel_n saint_n malo_n and_o rochel_n seldom_o sail_v into_o any_o region_n further_o than_o spain_n their_o ill_a success_n in_o america_n plantation_n peradventure_o dissuade_v they_o bâ—…_n he_o that_o shall_v wise_o look_v into_o the_o beauty_n of_o their_o inland_n town_n the_o riches_n of_o the_o country_n itself_o and_o especial_o the_o plenty_n of_o corn_n wines_n linen_n and_o salt_n that_o france_n produce_v and_o how_o much_o these_o commodity_n be_v prize_v and_o seek_v after_o by_o other_o nation_n will_v be_v more_o willing_a to_o excuse_v the_o french_a for_o their_o so_o little_a desire_n to_o traffic_v into_o remove_v region_n because_o la_fw-fr because_o the_o next_o province_n be_v la_o because_o orleans_n orleans_n wherein_o be_v orleans_n a_o pleasant_a city_n and_o where_o the_o neat_a and_o most_o elegant_a french_a tongue_n be_v conceive_v to_o be_v speak_v seat_v on_o the_o loire_n but_o afford_v little_a matter_n of_o trade_n or_o commerce_n save_v that_o it_o be_v find_v to_o be_v a_o great_a through-fair_a for_o all_o such_o commodity_n as_o do_v enter_v into_o the_o heart_n of_o the_o country_n as_o to_o lion_n and_o other_o city_n upon_o the_o river_n of_o loire_n and_o by_o this_o way_n and_o have_v a_o growth_n of_o good_a wine_n about_o it_o berry_n berry_n the_o next_o be_v berry_n bourge_n bourge_n wherein_o be_v bourges_n seat_v as_o the_o prime_n and_o principal_a town_n who_o be_v much_o addict_v to_o clothe_v and_o where_o great_a abundance_n of_o sheep_n be_v find_v to_o pasture_n and_o feed_v the_o next_o be_v bourbon_n wherein_o be_v contain_v mollins_n bourbon_n nevers_n mollins_n bourbon_n nevers_n and_o mollins_n wherein_o i_o never_o see_v any_o commodity_n worth_a relation_n save_o those_o excellent_a instrument_n of_o iron_n in_o small_a case_n here_o make_v in_o great_a abundance_n call_v estuus_n and_o disperse_v thence_o over_o all_o christendom_n beavois_fw-fr beavois_fw-fr the_o next_o be_v beavois_n the_o chief_a town_n be_v villa_n franche_n avergne_n avergne_n the_o next_o be_v avergne_n the_o principal_a city_n be_v clerimont_n limosin_n limosin_n the_o next_o be_v limosin_n the_o principal_a city_n be_v lymoges_n perigort_n perigort_n the_o next_o be_v perigort_n the_o chief_a town_n be_v perigeux_n quercu_fw-la quercu_fw-la the_o next_o be_v quercu_fw-la the_o chief_a town_n be_v montalbon_n one_o of_o the_o cautionary_a town_n in_o the_o intestants_n possession_n and_o now_o late_o by_o the_o french_a king_n reduce_v to_o his_o subjection_n dauphine_n dauphine_n the_o next_o be_v dauphine_n honour_v with_o the_o title_n of_o the_o prince_n of_o france_n vienna_n vienna_n wherein_o be_v find_v vienna_n excel_v in_o the_o art_n of_o make_v sword-blade_n valentia_n valentia_n valentia_n a_o fine_a city_n water_v with_o the_o rhone_n and_o last_o lion_n once_o the_o principal_a town_n of_o traffic_n in_o all_o these_o part_n where_o have_v occasion_n of_o residence_n 1616._o i_o note_v these_o particular_n follow_v in_o trade_n chap._n cxxviii_o of_o lion_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o lion_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o lion_n have_v ever_o be_v account_v a_o fanious_a mart-town_n and_o doubtless_o before_o navigation_n have_v its_o perfection_n a_o city_n of_o great_a trade_n and_o commerce_n but_o for_o as_o much_o as_o all_o inland_n town_n must_v submit_v in_o this_o point_n to_o maritime_a city_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o commodiousness_n of_o the_o sea_n which_o be_v the_o great_a furtherer_n of_o all_o traffic_n so_o must_v this_o town_n now_o give_v place_n to_o many_o other_o that_o exceed_v she_o in_o the_o point_n of_o traffic_n geneva_n the_o mart_n of_o lion_n former_o in_o geneva_n there_o mart_n for_o trade_n here_o settle_v be_v former_o hold_v in_o geneva_n and_o by_o lewis_n the_o eleven_o remove_v hither_o for_o the_o enrich_n of_o his_o own_o kingdom_n and_o when_o pope_n julius_n the_o second_o have_v excommunicate_v lewis_n the_o twelve_o he_o command_v by_o his_o apostolical_a authority_n that_o the_o same_o shall_v be_v again_o remove_v to_o geneva_n but_o his_o holiness_n herein_o be_v not_o obey_v for_o trade_n must_v not_o be_v constrain_v but_o entreat_v though_o by_o pope_n which_o will_v command_v all_o thing_n and_o therefore_o stir_v not_o from_o hence_o where_o yet_o it_o continue_v the_o town_n be_v water_v with_o the_o stream_n of_o rhone_n and_o soane_n which_o further_v it_o much_o for_o carriage_n it_o be_v most_o famous_a now_o for_o the_o many_o fabric_n of_o silk_n here_o wrought_v and_o hence_o disperse_v through_o all_o france_n and_o the_o citizen_n to_o this_o end_n have_v their_o factor_n in_o marselia_n who_o trade_n for_o they_o to_o aleppo_n in_o syria_n to_o furnish_v they_o with_o that_o commodity_n by_o land_n also_o they_o trade_v for_o florence_n lucca_n milan_n mesina_n and_o other_o part_n of_o italy_n but_o it_o be_v only_o for_o raw_a silk_n and_o some_o such_o commodity_n as_o these_o place_n do_v afford_v i_o reside_v here_o some_o year_n and_o find_v the_o great_a of_o their_o trade_n to_o consist_v in_o exchange_n as_o the_o principal_a and_o most_o proper_a town_n of_o france_n thereto_o the_o banker_n of_o florence_n venetia_n lucca_n and_o naples_n have_v here_o their_o factor_n purposely_o for_o this_o occasion_n from_o england_n be_v here_o vend_v some_o bay_n tin_n lead_v coney-skin_n and_o but_o few_o commodity_n else_o and_o to_o our_o country_n it_o afford_v not_o any_o commodity_n worth_n mention_v what_o i_o have_v observe_v i_o shall_v only_o touch_v and_o no_o more_o lion_n coin_n and_o account_n in_o lion_n as_o for_o coin_n current_a and_o account_n keep_v it_o be_v the_o same_o as_o throughout_o france_n there_o have_v be_v of_o long_a time_n in_o use_n a_o imaginary_a coin_n here_o current_a in_o exchange_n call_v the_o mark_n which_o brief_o to_o explain_v be_v lion_n a_o ancient_a mark_n in_o exchange_n in_o lion_n a_o mark_n of_o gold_n be_v 65_o crown_n of_o mark_n or_o 63_o crown_n 11_o s._n 9_o d._n of_o gold_n in_o gold_n or_o 62_o crown_n of_o camera_n vechia_n of_o rome_n or_o 68_o 14_o 3_o ducat_n current_a of_o venetia_n and_o they_o do_v use_v here_o to_o keep_v their_o account_n by_o crown_n of_o mark_n sold._n and_o denier_n advise_v one_o crown_n the_o mark_n to_o be_v 20_o sold_n of_o mark_n but_o be_v 45_o sold_n turnois_n by_o which_o crown_n of_o mark_n they_o do_v exchange_v by_o as_o brief_o for_o example_n they_o give_v in_o lion_n one_o crown_n
of_o some_o of_o the_o late_a king_n of_o england_n to_o their_o own_o subject_n for_o their_o encouragement_n in_o trade_n and_o their_o general_a inclination_n thereto_o so_o they_o in_o themselves_o have_v be_v chief_o want_v to_o themselves_o and_o have_v suffer_v a_o loss_n to_o fall_v insensible_o upon_o they_o that_o have_v be_v the_o great_a ruin_n of_o their_o traffic_n comprise_v within_o mystery_n the_o of_o these_o their_o new_a impost_n and_o the_o decay_n of_o the_o ship_n and_o navigator_n which_o that_o prince_n must_v ever_o careful_o avoid_v that_o will_v have_v his_o country_n and_o subject_n thrive_v thereby_o and_o have_v now_o lose_v all_o their_o trade_n to_o all_o other_o place_n the_o dominion_n of_o the_o great_a turk_n only_o except_v their_o ship_n and_o galley_n be_v decay_v and_o their_o mariner_n flee_v from_o they_o some_o spark_n be_v see_v yet_o to_o remain_v but_o the_o great_a fire_n of_o their_o mighty_a traffic_n be_v extinguish_v it_o will_v not_o be_v needful_a for_o i_o to_o rake_v the_o ash_n and_o observe_v further_o that_o little_a coal_n that_o be_v yet_o rest_v unconsume_v among_o they_o chap._n clix_o of_o florence_n and_o the_o city_n of_o that_o kingdom_n thereof_o florence_n and_o the_o province_n thereof_o the_o dukedom_n of_o florence_n contain_v the_o great_a part_n of_o tuscany_n and_o now_o may_v be_v say_v to_o be_v comprehend_v under_o the_o signiory_n of_o the_o great_a duke_n with_o the_o republic_n of_o pisa_n and_o sienna_n the_o principal_a marine_a port_n whereof_o be_v leghorn_n which_o may_v be_v account_v the_o best_a and_o one_o of_o the_o great_a town_n of_o trade_n in_o all_o the_o mediterranean_a sea_n not_o only_o thus_o continue_v and_o preserve_v by_o the_o industry_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n alone_o but_o of_o other_o nation_n which_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o great_a immunity_n and_o privilege_n of_o this_o place_n and_o the_o freedom_n give_v to_o stranger_n and_o merchant_n and_o principal_o because_o all_o sort_n of_o merchandise_n may_v be_v here_o land_v free_a of_o all_o custom_n duty_n and_o impost_n this_o scale_n be_v grow_v to_o that_o height_n that_o it_o be_v famous_a throughout_o all_o the_o mediterranean_a and_o ocean_n sea_n in_o this_o republic_n i_o find_v only_o four_o city_n of_o consequence_n that_o challenge_n in_o matter_n of_o commerce_n my_o observation_n which_o be_v florence_n itself_o the_o principal_a city_n of_o this_o dukedom_n next_o sienna_n than_o pisa_n and_o last_o the_o above_o mention_v town_n of_o leghorn_n tuscany_n commodity_n of_o tuscany_n these_o country_n afford_v for_o merchandise_n some_o marble_n rice_n wines_n oil_n quantity_n of_o silk_n both_o raw_a and_o wrought_v in_o stuff_n famous_a for_o their_o fabric_n throughout_o europe_n as_o satin_n taffeta_n velvet_n grogram_n plush_n and_o the_o like_a call_v common_o of_o florence_n from_o england_n be_v here_o vend_v pepper_n cloves_n mace_n indigo_n calico_n as_o be_v east-india_n commodity_n and_o lead_v tin_n clothâ—_n bays_n serges_n perpetuano_n as_o native_a and_o the_o english_a also_o bring_v hither_o herring_n white_a and_o red_a pickle_a salmon_n newland_n fish_n pilchard_n calves-skin_n and_o many_o other_o commodity_n merchant_n the_o duke_n of_o florence_n a_o great_a merchant_n the_o duke_n of_o florence_n have_v ever_o be_v find_v to_o be_v a_o great_a lover_n of_o merchant_n and_o merchandize_v and_o be_v conceive_v to_o be_v at_o this_o day_n the_o great_a merchant_n in_o europe_n forget_v not_o that_o his_o ancestor_n do_v raise_v themselves_o by_o traffic_n to_o the_o greatness_n and_o height_n he_o now_o do_v hold_v and_o to_o this_o end_n be_v find_v in_o leghorn_n a_o stock_n proper_o run_v in_o trade_n for_o his_o account_n which_o be_v employ_v in_o traffic_n as_o occasion_n of_o profit_n upon_o merchandise_n do_v present_v itself_o the_o estate_n of_o the_o great_a duke_n of_o tuscany_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o cosmi_fw-la the_o second_o be_v the_o first_o duke_n of_o florence_n that_o have_v the_o title_n of_o great_a duke_n of_o tuscaâ—y_n confer_v upon_o he_o be_v crown_v in_o the_o court_n of_o rome_n with_o that_o title_n give_v to_o he_o and_o his_o heir_n for_o ever_o by_o pope_n pius_n the_o five_o in_o the_o year_n 1570._o since_o which_o the_o great_a duke_n successor_n have_v desire_v of_o succeed_a pope_n the_o title_n of_o king_n but_o it_o have_v be_v always_o obstruct_v by_o the_o king_n of_o spain_n who_o will_v endure_v no_o king_n in_o italy_n but_o himself_o and_o refuse_v by_o the_o pope_n as_o too_o lordly_a a_o title_n this_o duke_n and_o his_o predecessor_n have_v ever_o be_v find_v to_o be_v great_a lover_n of_o merchant_n and_o merchandize_v know_v that_o his_o predecessor_n raise_v themselves_o by_o traffic_n to_o the_o greatness_n he_o now_o do_v hold_v his_o territory_n be_v separate_v on_o the_o east_n from_o the_o land_n of_o the_o church_n by_o the_o river_n pisco_n on_o the_o west_n from_o the_o commonwealth_n of_o genoa_n by_o the_o river_n macra_n on_o the_o north_n from_o romandiola_n and_o marca_n anconitano_n by_o the_o apennine_a hill_n be_v bound_v on_o the_o south_n by_o the_o tyrrhenian_a sea_n be_v about_o 260_o mile_n in_o length_n and_o in_o some_o place_n as_o much_o in_o breadth_n the_o country_n between_o florence_n and_o leghorn_n be_v about_o fifty_o mile_n be_v full_a of_o spacious_a field_n and_o fruitful_a valley_n here_o and_o there_o a_o pleasant_a mountain_n equalize_v they_o for_o fertility_n abundant_o furnish_v with_o all_o sort_n of_o delicious_a wine_n and_o beautify_v with_o many_o delicate_a city_n and_o town_n and_o in_o a_o word_n plentiful_o store_v with_o all_o the_o benediction_n of_o nature_n the_o inhabitant_n profess_v the_o reman_n catholic_n religion_n and_o be_v govern_v by_o the_o civil_a law_n the_o great_a dukeâ—_n dominion_n may_v be_v fit_o divide_v into_o four_o part_n viz._n the_o city_n and_o territory_n first_o of_o florence_n 2._o pisa_n 3._o sienna_n 4._o and_o last_o the_o island_n situate_v in_o the_o tyrrhenian_a sea_n the_o estate_n of_o florence_n take_v up_o the_o north_n part_n of_o the_o great_a duke_n dominion_n be_v bound_v on_o the_o south_n by_o the_o territory_n of_o pisa_n and_o sienna_n and_o on_o the_o north_n with_o the_o apennine_a hill_n so_o call_v from_o florence_n the_o principal_a city_n for_o beauty_n and_o trade_n within_o this_o territory_n nicholas_n machiavelli_n that_o unhappy_a man_n be_v once_o secretary_n to_o the_o duke_n of_o florence_n who_o but_o for_o publish_v that_o which_o be_v frequent_o practise_v by_o prince_n have_v entail_v a_o edium_fw-la upon_o his_o name_n for_o aught_o any_o know_v to_o all_o posterity_n but_o to_o our_o business_n next_o to_o be_v handle_v which_o be_v the_o description_n and_o trade_n of_o florence_n chap._n clx_o of_o florence_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o florence_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o the_o city_n of_o florence_n be_v seat_v near_o the_o confluence_n of_o the_o two_o river_n arne_n and_o chian_a and_o be_v a_o very_a fair_a city_n and_o abound_v with_o public_a and_o private_a building_n of_o great_a beauty_n and_o therefore_o by_o some_o suppose_a to_o be_v call_v florentia_n à _fw-la situ_fw-la florenti_fw-la it_o be_v in_o compass_n six_o mile_n and_o be_v the_o residence_n of_o the_o duke_n who_o here_o have_v a_o sumptuous_a palace_n the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o trade_n thereof_o do_v consist_v in_o fabric_n of_o silk_n that_o here_o be_v make_v and_o be_v hence_o proper_o call_v and_o in_o the_o exchange_n here_o be_v use_v and_o practise_v by_o banker_n for_o all_o part_n of_o europe_n the_o inhabitant_n have_v lose_v the_o honour_n of_o merchandize_v which_o ancient_o they_o have_v when_o eminent_a factor_n from_o hence_o be_v send_v into_o flanders_n and_o england_n and_o to_o other_o country_n to_o reside_v who_o manage_v a_o very_a great_a trade_n now_o total_o decay_v what_o i_o have_v find_v from_o other_o or_o observe_v myself_o 1619._o when_o i_o be_v here_o i_o shall_v set_v down_o for_o the_o present_a occurrence_n of_o the_o place_n florence_n account_n in_o florence_n the_o merchant_n do_v here_o keep_v their_o account_n in_o livre_n sell_v and_o denier_n 12_o denier_n make_v a_o sol_fw-mi and_o 20_o sol_n a_o livre_fw-fr and_o other_o again_o in_o crown_n sol_fw-la and_o denier_n of_o gold_n of_o liures_fw-fr 7½_n per_fw-la crown_n account_v 12_o denier_n to_o a_o sol_fw-mi and_o 20_o sol_n to_o a_o crown_n but_o all_o their_o commodity_n be_v sell_v by_o laures_n sold_n and_o denier_n of_o their_o money_n and_o to_o reduce_v livre_n into_o crown_n multiply_v by_o 2_o and_o divide_v by_o 15_o because_o 15_o half_a livre_n make_v a_o crown_n and_o to_o reduce_v the_o say_v livre_n into_o ducat_n 1_o 7_o be_v to_o be_v take_v florence_n coin_n current_a in_o
the_o netherlands_o and_o then_o the_o trade_n of_o flanders_n as_o at_o this_o day_n it_o be_v observe_v and_o find_v in_o obedience_n to_o the_o archduke_n first_o then_o these_o netherlander_n or_o dutchman_n be_v of_o late_a year_n become_v notable_a mariner_n and_o have_v undertake_v and_o fortunate_o achieve_v many_o dangerous_a and_o long_a navigation_n every_o particular_a city_n have_v both_o many_o and_o great_a ship_n belong_v thereunto_o and_o in_o some_o place_n where_o house_n be_v dear_a and_o scarce_o i_o have_v see_v whole_a family_n live_v in_o lighter_n and_o such_o vessel_n wherein_o they_o eat_v drink_v and_o sleep_v and_o have_v their_o continual_a habitation_n their_o child_n like_o water-rat_n see_v continual_o dabble_v in_o the_o water_n of_o which_o element_n for_o the_o most_o part_n their_o country_n be_v subsistent_a they_o be_v account_v better_o for_o northern_a design_n and_o voyage_n by_o reason_n of_o their_o country_n cold_a situation_n than_o for_o southern_a yet_o their_o late_a trade_n to_o the_o east_n and_o west-indies_n and_o their_o good_a success_n there_o demonstrate_v they_o can_v also_o accommodate_v themselves_o to_o the_o hot_a climate_n their_o trade_n be_v general_o throughout_o the_o world_n in_o imitation_n of_o their_o neighbour_n the_o english_a who_o step_n for_o many_o year_n they_o have_v follow_v only_o in_o turkey_n they_o have_v but_o small_a traffic_n by_o reason_n their_o country_n want_v those_o commodity_n that_o be_v fit_a and_o proper_a for_o that_o empire_n such_o as_o clothes_n lead_v tin_n the_o main_a staple_n of_o the_o english_a trade_n thither_o as_o for_o their_o judgement_n in_o traffic_n it_o be_v singular_a by_o reason_n their_o want_n of_o many_o necessary_n both_o for_o back_o and_o belly_n enforce_v they_o to_o pry_v near_o into_o commerce_n than_o other_o nation_n that_o 〈◊〉_d in_o a_o more_o fruitful_a and_o fertile_a country_n and_o the_o easy_a rate_n that_o money_n be_v to_o be_v find_v at_o interest_n add_v some_o help_n to_o their_o invention_n they_o be_v few_o year_n pass_v account_v of_o a_o heavy_a and_o dull_a temper_n but_o the_o italian_n who_o in_o foresee_v wisdom_n and_o providence_n will_v be_v throughout_o the_o world_n account_v for_o promethei_n be_v by_o they_o make_v epimethei_n as_o wise_a after_o the_o deed_n too_o late_o repent_v for_o when_o they_o come_v first_o to_o settle_v their_o trade_n in_o flanders_n they_o take_v young_a youth_n of_o that_o nation_n to_o be_v their_o cashter_n and_o to_o copy_v their_o letter_n whereby_o they_o come_v to_o learn_v the_o secret_n of_o their_o trade_n and_o afterward_o to_o the_o italian_n great_a prejudice_n exercise_v it_o themselves_o and_o not_o content_v therewith_o as_o it_o be_v thus_o deprive_v they_o of_o the_o trade_n of_o flanders_n but_o they_o follow_v they_o into_o italy_n and_o there_o live_v as_o spare_o as_o they_o and_o disperse_v themselves_o into_o sundry_a province_n and_o principal_a town_n have_v give_v a_o great_a blow_n to_o their_o great_a traffic_n in_o italy_n and_o that_o which_o add_v much_o to_o their_o knowledge_n and_o gain_n be_v that_o they_o covet_v still_o to_o buy_v all_o commodity_n at_o the_o wellhead_n as_o merchant_n say_v and_o where_o that_o commodity_n have_v its_o first_o original_n and_o where_o the_o same_o be_v cheap_a and_o then_o transport_v they_o not_o so_o much_o to_o their_o own_o home_n as_o elsewhere_o where_o the_o same_o be_v dear_a and_o not_o shame_v to_o retail_v any_o commodity_n by_o small_a part_n and_o parcel_n which_o both_o english_a merchant_n and_o italian_n disdain_v to_o do_v in_o any_o country_n whatsoever_o by_o which_o mean_n they_o be_v come_v now_o to_o that_o height_n that_o though_o by_o nature_n they_o want_v all_o thing_n yet_o by_o industry_n and_o merchandise_v they_o not_o only_o supply_v their_o own_o defect_n but_o also_o many_o of_o their_o neighbour_n want_v and_o necessity_n as_o i_o can_v instance_n in_o sundry_a particular_n neither_o must_v i_o omit_v one_o custom_n here_o use_v and_o not_o find_v i_o think_v elsewhere_o in_o the_o world_n that_o whilst_o the_o husband_n sport_v idle_o at_o home_n their_o woman_n be_v ofttimes_o see_v to_o be_v the_o merchant_n and_o in_o some_o province_n here_o sail_n from_o city_n to_o city_n to_o compass_v their_o affair_n abroad_o as_o they_o for_o the_o most_o part_n be_v find_v to_o manage_v it_o at_o home_n for_o in_o their_o shop_n they_o sell_v all_o and_o take_v account_n of_o all_o and_o it_o be_v no_o reproach_n to_o the_o man_n to_o be_v never_o inquire_v after_o in_o these_o business_n of_o trade_n who_o take_v money_n of_o their_o wife_n for_o daily_a expense_n and_o glad_o so_o pass_v their_o time_n over_o in_o idleness_n now_o for_o as_o much_o as_o bruges_n have_v be_v the_o city_n where_o in_o time_n past_o this_o great_a traffic_n be_v cohabitant_fw-la it_o will_v not_o be_v amiss_o a_o little_a to_o look_v back_o upon_o it_o and_o those_o time_n and_o see_v the_o glory_n of_o it_o in_o its_o lustre_n then_o and_o the_o decay_n thereof_o in_o its_o ruin_n now_o bruges_n the_o ancient_a staple_n of_o bruges_n it_o be_v record_v by_o jabobus_fw-la marchantius_n that_o ludâ—vicus_n crossus_n anno_fw-la 1323_o grant_v a_o staple_n to_o bruges_n which_o his_o son_n malanus_fw-la confirm_v which_o staple_n be_v a_o privilege_n of_o stay_v all_o foreign_a commodity_n in_o the_o place_n except_o the_o seller_n and_o bringer_n choose_v rather_o to_o return_v whence_o they_o cain_v exchange_n the_o original_n of_o burse_v of_o place_n of_o meeting_n for_o merchant_n which_o in_o england_n be_v now_o term_v the_o exchange_n this_o city_n have_v a_o eminent_a market_n place_n with_o a_o public_a house_n for_o the_o meeting_n of_o all_o merchant_n at_o noon_n and_o evening_n which_o house_n be_v call_v the_o burse_n of_o the_o house_n of_o the_o â—…tinct_a family_n bursa_n bear_v three_o purse_n for_o their_o arm_n engrave_v upon_o their_o house_n from_o whence_o these_o meet_v place_n to_o this_o day_n be_v call_v burse_v in_o many_o country_n which_o in_o london_n we_o know_v by_o the_o name_n of_o the_o royal-exchange_n and_o of_o britain_n burse_n fifteen_o nation_n in_o the_o height_n of_o this_o trade_n have_v each_o their_o several_a house_n or_o college_n here_o namely_o the_o merchant_n of_o england_n scotland_n france_n castilia_n portugal_n arragon_n navarre_n catalonia_n biscaia_n the_o hans_n town_n of_o germany_n as_o lubeck_n hamburg_n rostock_n dantzick_n riga_n revel_v and_o divers_a other_o city_n then_o the_o merchant_n of_o venetia_n florence_n genova_n lucca_n milan_n and_o other_o now_o then_o these_o nation_n have_v by_o this_o mean_v each_o here_o a_o residence_n supply_v this_o city_n of_o bruges_n with_o the_o particular_a commodity_n of_o their_o country_n as_o first_o the_o italian_n they_o bring_v camlet_n grogram_n thread_n of_o silk_n silver_n and_o gold_n and_o clothes_n make_v thereof_o also_o jewel_n wine_n of_o candia_n allom_n brimstone_n oil_n spice_n and_o drug_n of_o all_o sort_n which_o they_o have_v by_o their_o trade_n of_o egypt_n india_n arabia_n and_o grecia_n 2._o the_o french_a bring_v salt_n wine_n white_a and_o red_a paper_n linens_n and_o some_o oil_n the_o english_a wool_n lead_v tin_n beer_n and_o some_o woollen_a clothes_n for_o veil_n for_o woman_n use_v in_o those_o day_n 4._o the_o scot_n bring_v skin_n of_o sheep_n and_o coney_n and_o such_o like_a 5._o the_o spaniard_n and_o portuguese_n bring_v grain_n for_o scarlet_n die_v gold_n silver_n raw_a silk_n some_o drug_n and_o spice_n 6._o the_o german_n dane_n and_o pollacks_n bring_v honey_n wax_n corn_n saâ—…petre_n wool_n glass_n fur_n quicksilver_n rhemsh_a wine_n timber_n for_o building_n and_o the_o like_a and_o 7._o flanders_n yield_v to_o these_o horse_n cattle_n butter_n cheese_n herring_n and_o other_o sea_n fish_n woolle_n and_o linen_n clothes_n tapestry_n of_o great_a beauty_n and_o variety_n excellent_a picture_n and_o other_o manufacture_n and_o by_o this_o great_a concourse_n of_o nation_n flanders_n give_v the_o name_n to_o all_o the_o netherlands_o to_o increase_v yet_o this_o trade_n bruges_n anno._n 1414._o get_v a_o privilege_n that_o they_o who_o be_v free_a of_o that_o city_n by_o gift_n buy_v birth_n or_o marriage_n shall_v be_v free_a from_o all_o confiscation_n of_o their_o good_n which_o exceed_v the_o privilege_n of_o any_o other_o city_n in_o the_o netherlands_o for_o those_o of_o 〈◊〉_d have_v the_o like_a yet_o lose_v it_o upon_o any_o force_n offer_v to_o the_o prince_n this_o trade_n thus_o continue_v till_o the_o year_n 1485._o when_v it_o begin_v to_o decay_v partly_o by_o the_o narrowness_n and_o unsafety_n of_o the_o port_n of_o sluice_n and_o the_o river_n lead_v from_o thence_o to_o bruges_n and_o partly_o by_o the_o fame_n of_o the_o large_a and_o commodious_a river_n sceldis_n
all_o other_o so_o thrive_v that_o envy_n the_o prosperity_n of_o england_n since_o which_o i_o hear_v not_o of_o any_o they_o have_v of_o any_o consequence_n they_o now_o pay_v 12000_o ducat_n yearly_a to_o the_o turk_n for_o tribute_n of_o that_o trade_n and_o liberty_n they_o now_o enjoy_v which_o notwithstanding_o be_v of_o no_o great_a consequence_n the_o country_n afford_v not_o any_o commodity_n of_o moment_n for_o our_o nation_n and_o we_o only_o send_v thither_o some_o blue_a hampshire_n kersey_n some_o lead_n tin_n and_o little_a else_o rhagusa_n money_n current_n in_o rhagusa_n the_o money_n thereof_o be_v such_o as_o pass_v current_n through_o the_o state_n of_o venice_n and_o turkey_n their_o neighbour_n and_o their_o own_o be_v in_o correspondence_n therewith_o and_o account_v by_o gross_v gross_v 6_o be_v a_o livre_fw-fr gross_v 59_o be_v a_o hunger_n gross_v 38_o be_v a_o rial_n â…œ_n gross_v 1_o be_v 2_o gassets_n a_o gasset_n  _fw-fr be_v 2_o saldes_n gross_v 62_o be_v a_o venice_n chicquin_n gross_v 40_o be_v a_o naples_n ducat_n gross_v 59_o be_v also_o a_o sultain_n account_v in_o england_n for_o 8_o s._n sterl_n rhagusa_n weight_n of_o rhagusa_n the_o weight_n be_v a_o pound_n of_o â„¥_o and_o 100_o l._n be_v the_o quintal_n the_o 100_o l._n be_v english_a 80_o l._n and_o be_v venice_n subtle_a 120_o l._n and_o be_v venice_n gross_a 76_o l._n 1_o l._n rhagusa_n be_v 9_o â„¥_o gross_a ven._n 1_o l._n rhagusa_n be_v 14_o â„¥_o sac_n 2â…”_n subtle_a rhagusa_n measure_n of_o rhagusa_n the_o measure_n be_v the_o brace_n which_o agree_v with_o the_o brace_n of_o venice_n thus_o the_o 100_o cloth_n brace_n be_v in_o rhagusa_n 124_o and_o of_o silk_n 116_o brace_n and_o be_v in_o england_n inch_n spallatta_n spallatta_n note_v that_o the_o weight_n and_o measure_n of_o spallatta_n do_v whole_o agree_v with_o those_o in_o venetia_n therefore_o i_o need_v not_o to_o say_v further_o thereof_o in_o this_o place_n and_o by_o the_o way_n note_n that_o for_o the_o weight_n of_o rhagusa_n i_o find_v this_o observation_n make_v the_o 100_o rot._n of_o alexandria_n zero_fw-la be_v in_o rhagusa_n 260_o l._n the_o 100_o l._n forfori_n be_v in_o rhagusa_n 116_o l._n the_o 100_o rot._n laidin_n be_v in_o rhagusa_n 165_o l._n the_o 100_o rot._n of_o damietta_n be_v in_o rhagusa_n 120_o l._n the_o 100_o rot._n of_o roma_n be_v in_o rhagusa_n 666_o l._n the_o 100_o rot._n of_o baruti_fw-la be_v in_o rhagusa_n 625_o l._n the_o 100_o rot._n damascus_n be_v in_o rhagusa_n 600_o l._n the_o 100_o rot._n of_o tripoli_n in_o soria_n be_v in_o rhagusa_n 500_o l._n the_o 100_o rot._n of_o aleppo_n be_v in_o rhagusa_n 600_o l._n the_o 100_o rot._n of_o rhodes_n and_o gasa_n be_v in_o rhagusa_n 666â…”_n l._n the_o 100_o rot._n of_o cyprus_n be_v in_o rhagusa_n 625_o l._n the_o 100_o rot._n of_o bursie_n in_o anatolia_n be_v in_o rhagusa_n 146_o l._n the_o 100_o rot._n of_o constantinople_n be_v in_o rhagusa_n 146_o l._n and_o the_o 100_o l._n in_o rhagusa_n do_v make_v as_o follow_v in_o puglia_n 39_o rot._n puglia_n 110_o l._n roma_fw-it 101_o  _fw-fr florence_n 105_o  _fw-fr perosa_fw-la 95_o  _fw-fr sienna_n 108_o  _fw-fr acquilla_n 107_o  _fw-fr lansano_n 166_o  _fw-fr urbino_n 106_o  _fw-fr crema_fw-la 111_o  _fw-fr piedmont_n 101_o  _fw-fr forli_n 111_o  _fw-fr faensa_fw-la 110_o  _fw-fr cesena_n 106_o  _fw-fr ricanati_n 107_o  _fw-fr camerino_n 108_o  _fw-fr bologna_n 110_o  _fw-fr lucca_n 106_o  _fw-fr millana_n 111_o  _fw-fr verona_n 108_o  _fw-fr bressia_n 111_o  _fw-fr ferrara_n 106_o  _fw-fr modena_n 109_o  _fw-fr genova_n 114_o  _fw-fr fanno_n 106_o  _fw-fr further_n matter_n worthy_a mention_v that_o concern_v either_o the_o weight_n measure_n or_o trade_n of_o this_o place_n i_o have_v not_o observe_v therefore_o i_o pass_v it_o over_o and_o hence_o take_v my_o journey_n to_o greciâ—_n the_o next_o place_n which_o challenge_v my_o survey_n chap._n ccxxxviii_o of_o greece_n and_o the_o province_n thereof_o thereof_o greece_n and_o the_o city_n thereof_o greece_n account_v the_o mother_n of_o art_n and_o science_n be_v bound_v on_o the_o east_n with_o the_o egean_a sea_n the_o hellespont_n propontis_n and_o thracian_a bosphorus_n on_o the_o west_n with_o italy_n and_o the_o adriatic_a sea_n on_o the_o north_n with_o the_o mountain_n hemus_n and_o on_o the_o south_n with_o the_o joniâ—…_n sea_n and_o be_v now_o entire_o subject_a to_o the_o grand_a signior_n commodity_n commodity_n the_o general_a commodity_n find_v here_o and_o transport_v hence_o be_v wine_n oil_n copper_n vitriol_n brimstone_n silk_n raw_a and_o wrought_v as_o into_o velvet_n damask_n grogram_n of_o goatshair_n or_o wool_n cute_v anniseed_n cominseed_n currant_n soap_n carpet_n cotton_n etc._n etc._n greece_n river_n in_o greece_n the_o chief_a river_n navigable_a be_v cepheus_n rise_v in_o epirus_n and_o set_v in_o the_o egean_a sea_n erigâ—…_n and_o alicmon_n rise_v both_o in_o maccdonia_n and_o issue_v in_o thermasius_n sinus_fw-la then_o sirmon_n in_o migdâ—…_n alicus_fw-la and_o nissus_fw-la in_o thracia_n and_o some_o other_o morea_n peloponnesus_n or_o morea_n the_o principal_a province_n be_v seven_o and_o the_o city_n therein_o be_v as_o follow_v peloponnesâ—_n be_v the_o first_o divide_v itself_o into_o six_o lesser_a part_n wherein_o be_v find_v the_o city_n of_o eliz_n olympia_n now_o ruin_v though_o once_o famous_a then_o the_o city_n of_o corona_n and_o modena_n the_o now_o flourish_a town_n of_o this_o province_n here_o be_v also_o in_o time_n past_o thebes_n lacedaemon_n sparta_n argos_n nâ—…s_n corinth_n now_o a_o little_a village_n call_v crato_n all_o now_o go_v and_o ruin_v and_o here_o be_v now_o of_o note_n in_o matter_n of_o traffic_n in_o this_o circuit_n find_v only_o modena_n corona_n before_o name_v and_o petrâ—…_n and_o some_o other_o of_o lesser_a consequence_n whereto_o merchant_n do_v frequent_a for_o traffic_n sake_n of_o the_o trade_n whereof_o a_o word_n chap._n ccxxxix_o of_o modena_n corona_n and_o petras_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o modena_n corona_n and_o petras_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o these_o three_o city_n be_v situate_v on_o the_o same_o shore_n and_o subject_a to_o the_o same_o custom_n and_o find_v abound_v in_o corn_n wines_n and_o curran_n gall_n anniseed_n silk_n and_o such_o like_a which_o i_o have_v think_v good_a to_o put_v into_o one_o member_n to_o abbreviate_v my_o task_n petras_n petras_n in_o petras_n there_o have_v be_v of_o many_o year_n a_o trade_n maintain_v by_o the_o endeavour_n of_o the_o english_a who_o here_o by_o authority_n of_o the_o grand_a signior_n have_v a_o protect_a consul_n resident_a who_o have_v the_o title_n of_o the_o consul_n of_o the_o morea_n exchange_n exchange_n and_o here_o be_v vend_v from_o england_n some_o clothes_n of_o suffolk_n serges_n tin_n lead_v etc._n etc._n in_o exchange_v whereof_o they_o transport_v hence_o these_o commodity_n afore-named_n corn_n and_o oil_n be_v by_o their_o law_n prohibit_v transportation_n but_o by_o the_o connivance_n of_o officer_n find_v permit_v notwithstanding_o morea_n money_n of_o morea_n the_o money_n of_o these_o place_n be_v current_n with_o those_o of_o turkey_n and_o those_o of_o venetia_n as_o possessor_n and_o borderer_n which_o they_o account_v by_o the_o turkish_a coin_n as_o in_o dollar_n and_o asper_n asper_n 80_o account_v to_o a_o dollar_n or_o rot._n â…œ_n which_o be_v the_o best_a commodity_n asper_n 120_o account_v to_o a_o sultany_n hungary_n or_o checquin_n which_o coin_n be_v find_v to_o rise_v oftentimes_o 10_o 20_o or_o 30_o per_fw-la cent._n in_o asper_n as_o the_o occasion_n of_o trade_n or_o misgovernment_n too_o oftentimes_o do_v permit_v morea_n weight_n of_o morea_n the_o weight_n of_o petras_n be_v the_o pound_n of_o 12_o ounce_n ordinary_o make_v 11_o dram_fw-la to_o a_o ounce_n 3_o l._n make_v their_o oak_n which_o be_v 4_o l._n 2_o ounce_n english_a or_o 400_o dram_fw-la here_n 132_o l._n make_v their_o quintal_n which_o be_v 117_o l._n london_n but_o their_o silk_n be_v sell_v by_o a_o pound_n of_o 15_o ounce_n which_o be_v 1½_n pound_n abovesaid_a and_o it_o have_v be_v find_v that_o 112_o l._n english_a have_v make_v in_o petras_n 126_o l._n the_o sack_n of_o curran_n common_o weigh_v of_o their_o weight_n 140_o l._n which_o be_v zant_n have_v produce_v incirca_fw-la 118_o l._n 100_o l._n of_o petrus_n have_v be_v find_v to_o make_v in_o venice_n sotile_fw-la 130_o l._n and_o in_o the_o gross_a weight_n of_o venice_n 83½_n l._n which_o thus_o compute_v may_v be_v 88_o in_o 90_o l._n averdupois_n of_o london_n morea_n measure_n of_o morea_n the_o measure_n of_o these_o place_n be_v two_o for_o distinction_n of_o length_n first_o the_o silk_n pico_n be_v find_v to_o be_v 25_o inch_n english_a and_o the_o cloth_n pico_n 27_o inch_n by_o the_o rule_n in_o england_n oil_n of_o oil_n oil_n be_v
by_o the_o neighbour_a shire_n mam_n cimbri_n the_o mother_n of_o wales_n as_o have_v of_o all_o food_n and_o other_o provision_n necessary_a to_o preserve_v the_o life_n of_o man_n out_o of_o which_o be_v yearly_o send_v 3000_o head_n of_o cattle_n to_o supply_v the_o want_n of_o other_o country_n adjoin_v together_o with_o a_o good_a quantity_n of_o corn_n butter_n cheese_n etc._n etc._n the_o same_o have_v in_o time_n past_o 300_o town_n and_o village_n beaumares_n beaumares_n now_o it_o have_v but_o one_o of_o consequence_n remain_v call_v beaumare_n commodious_a for_o trade_n as_o command_v a_o fair_a safe_a and_o capacious_a haven_n and_o road_n to_o which_o as_o be_v the_o place_n of_o my_o birth_n i_o owe_v this_o grateful_a remembrance_n jarsey_n jarsey_n jarsey_n be_v the_o next_o in_o compass_n 20_o mile_n the_o chief_a town_n be_v st._n hillary_n and_o s._n mollo_n abound_v in_o sheep_n etc._n etc._n garnsey_n garnsey_n then_o garnsey_n 20_o mile_n distant_a from_o jarsey_n rich_a in_o good_a harbour_n the_o chief_a town_n be_v st._n peter_n wight_n wight_n the_o last_o be_v the_o isle_n of_o wight_n be_v 20_o mile_n long_o and_o 12_o broad_a the_o principal_a town_n be_v yarmouth_n newport_n and_o bradring_n it_o be_v well_o fortify_v and_o strengthen_v against_o all_o foreign_a attempt_n whatsoever_o there_o be_v also_o some_o other_o petty_a island_n round_o about_o this_o shore_n but_o i_o will_v pass_v they_o to_o come_v to_o those_o of_o great_a note_n and_o consequence_n which_o be_v ireland_n and_o great_a britain_n the_o last_o isle_n and_o place_n both_o of_o this_o my_o travel_n and_o traffic_n chap._n cclxiii_o of_o ireland_n and_o the_o province_n thereof_o thereof_o ireland_n and_o the_o province_n thereof_o ireland_n stand_v west_n of_o britain_n contain_v in_o length_n 400_o mile_n and_o in_o breadth_n 200_o mile_n enjoy_v this_o prerogative_n by_o nature_n that_o no_o venomous_a serpent_n will_v either_o live_v here_o if_o bring_v from_o other_o region_n nor_o yet_o do_v natural_o breed_v here_o it_o be_v divide_v into_o 5_o province_n which_o according_a to_o my_o former_a method_n i_o will_v in_o order_n touch_v and_o see_v what_o town_n of_o note_n they_o contain_v 1_o munster_n 1_o munster_n be_v the_o first_o wherein_o be_v find_v the_o city_n of_o limrick_n seat_v on_o the_o bank_n of_o shanâ—…_n 2_o cork_n 3._o kingsale_n and_o 4._o waterford_n the_o first_o ground_n that_o ever_o i_o tread_v on_o out_o of_o my_o native_a soil_n be_v about_o 13_o or_o 14_o year_n old_a and_o then_o begin_v to_o be_v employ_v by_o my_o parent_n in_o trade_n of_o merchandise_v 2._o connaught_n 2._o connaught_n be_v the_o second_o province_n the_o chief_a city_n be_v dunratty_a and_o galloway_n the_o three_o city_n in_o ireland_n both_o for_o fairness_n largeness_n and_o for_o pleasant_a dwelling_n and_o situation_n 3_o ulster_n 3_o ulster_n be_v the_o three_o province_n the_o chief_a town_n be_v dundale_n 2._o dungannon_n 3._o armagh_n a_o archbishopric_n 4._o dongal_n and_o 5._o london-derry_n late_o build_v and_o people_v by_o the_o city_n and_o citizen_n of_o london_n 4._o meth_n 4._o meth_n be_v the_o four_o the_o chief_a town_n be_v kelly_n 2._o he_o and_o last_o tredagh_n a_o fine_a town_n where_o also_o i_o reside_v in_o these_o my_o young_a year_n of_o travel_n and_o first_o employment_n in_o traffic_n 5._o lempster_n 5._o lempster_n be_v the_o last_o province_n wherein_o be_v find_v the_o city_n of_o mareaburg_n philips-town_n kildare_n and_o dublin_n of_o the_o trade_n whereof_o a_o word_n chap._n cclxiv_o of_o dublin_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o thereof_o of_o dublin_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o dublin_n be_v seat_v on_o the_o life_n be_v the_o metropolis_n of_o ireland_n and_o the_o residence_n of_o the_o lord_n deputy_n for_o the_o king_n of_o england_n who_o be_v sovereign_a here_o it_o be_v also_o a_o archbishopric_n and_o a_o university_n ireland_n commodity_n of_o ireland_n the_o commodity_n the_o country_n do_v afford_v for_o merchandise_n be_v these_o first_o the_o country_n abound_v in_o cattle_n each_o afford_v tallow_n and_o hide_v in_o great_a abundance_n which_o be_v hence_o export_v to_o spain_n france_n and_o italy_n also_o salmon_n be_v here_o catch_v good_a store_n in_o july_n august_n and_o september_n which_o be_v salt_v and_o export_v and_o in_o summer_n the_o quantity_n be_v so_o great_a in_o some_o part_n of_o this_o island_n that_o the_o servant_n do_v covenant_n with_o their_o master_n they_o must_v not_o feed_v thereon_o but_o certain_a day_n in_o the_o week_n herring_n be_v here_o also_o catch_v and_o account_v the_o best_a as_o also_o pilchard_n in_o august_n september_n and_o october_n and_o thence_o vent_v to_o spain_n france_n and_o into_o the_o strait_n of_o gibraltar_n here_o be_v also_o some_o butter_n cheese_n pipe-stave_n calves-skin_n and_o other_o commodity_n of_o late_a day_n prohibit_v to_o be_v export_v by_o the_o law_n of_o the_o kingdom_n ireland_n coin_n of_o ireland_n the_o coin_n of_o this_o kingdom_n in_o the_o standard_n carry_v a_o concurrence_n with_o those_o of_o england_n which_o also_o here_o be_v current_a for_o the_o value_n as_o be_v subject_a to_o one_o and_o the_o same_o sceptre_n yet_o in_o distinction_n of_o the_o true_a and_o real_a worth_n be_v find_v thus_o entitle_v the_o pound_n of_o ireland_n consist_v of_o 20_o shilling_n irish_a yet_o in_o sterling_a be_v account_v but_o 15_o shilling_n the_o shilling_n by_o this_o account_n be_v but_o 9_o d._n sterling_a and_o the_o 6_o d._n irish_a be_v 4½_n d._n sterling_a ireland_n exchange_n of_o ireland_n here_o be_v also_o a_o exchange_n find_v and_o practise_v but_o not_o for_o any_o foreign_a part_n save_v england_n and_o principal_o london_n and_o bristol_n common_o run_v at_o 8_o d._n upon_o the_o pound_n and_o when_o most_o at_o 12_o d._n per_fw-la l._n which_o be_v 5_o per_fw-la cent_n england_n weight_n and_o measure_n as_o in_o england_n dublin_n and_o in_o general_a all_o ireland_n have_v the_o measure_n and_o weight_n of_o england_n in_o use_n in_o their_o traffic_n and_o agree_v therewith_o in_o all_o particular_n i_o need_v not_o insist_v further_o therein_o now_o a_o word_n of_o the_o trade_n in_o general_n of_o ireland_n as_o it_o be_v find_v observable_a in_o these_o day_n ireland_n of_o the_o trade_n in_o general_n of_o ireland_n the_o daily_a conversation_n of_o the_o english_a nation_n and_o the_o late_a impartial_a and_o find_v administration_n of_o justice_n in_o this_o country_n have_v redeem_v this_o island_n from_o the_o jaw_n of_o barbarism_n wherein_o it_o be_v ready_a to_o fall_v and_o suffer_v a_o ruin_n and_o since_o by_o little_a and_o little_a peace_n be_v firm_o establish_v have_v bring_v the_o inhabitant_n to_o a_o desire_n of_o enrich_v themselves_o and_o this_o desire_n have_v so_o well_o be_v second_v by_o their_o industry_n that_o i_o may_v say_v it_o have_v bring_v store_n and_o plenty_n into_o their_o dwelling_n which_o have_v hitherto_o meet_v with_o so_o good_a a_o success_n that_o whereas_o few_o year_n past_o this_o country_n be_v with_o all_o necessary_n supply_v out_o of_o england_n and_o scotland_n abundance_n it_o now_o return_v that_o courtesy_n and_o contribute_v some_o year_n not_o only_o to_o the_o want_n of_o both_o but_o to_o the_o want_n of_o spain_n france_n and_o some_o other_o adjoin_v country_n for_o now_o it_o be_v find_v that_o the_o earth_n and_o sea_n add_v to_o the_o inhabitant_n labour_n and_o pain_n as_o first_o the_o sea_n and_o river_n in_o their_o season_n afford_v they_o great_a plenty_n of_o codfish_n hake_n fish_n pitchard_n herring_n and_o these_o of_o both_o the_o large_a best_a and_o in_o abundance_n which_o they_o take_v kill_v and_o salt_n and_o so_o disperse_v as_o a_o merchandise_n into_o france_n spain_n england_n scotland_n and_o other_o country_n then_o the_o earth_n yield_v they_o a_o good_a breed_n of_o cattle_n especial_o sheep_n and_o ox_n in_o such_o store_n that_o they_o have_v thereof_o in_o great_a abundance_n as_o also_o of_o hide_n wool_n tallow_n butter_n cheese_n and_o beef_n and_o the_o wool_n they_o by_o manufacture_n convert_v into_o cloth_n mantle_n rug_n frises_n and_o yarn_n whereof_o it_o be_v report_v that_o there_o come_v yearly_a to_o the_o town_n of_o manchester_n in_o lancashire_n to_o be_v there_o weave_v into_o stuff_n at_o least_o two_o hundred_o thousand_o weight_n fine_a and_o coarse_a beside_o which_o the_o bowel_n of_o the_o earth_n yield_v they_o lead_v iron_n and_o tin_n and_o by_o their_o own_o industry_n they_o have_v many_o other_o manufacture_n as_o also_o pipe-stave_n wax_v honey_n fur_n hemp_n linen_n cloth_n salt_n and_o some_o other_o all_o this_o consider_v what_o shall_v want_v here_o to_o make_v they_o eminent_a merchant_n but_o ship_v and_o skill_n in_o the_o art_n of_o navigation_n and_o
and_o native_a and_o be_v sell_v by_o the_o chalder_n which_o must_v be_v take_v from_o the_o measure_n of_o newcastle_n where_o the_o great_a quantity_n of_o coal_n be_v find_v and_o they_o measure_v there_o by_o the_o chalder_n fill_v up_o whereof_o 7½_n chalder_n make_v a_o last_o and_o be_v measure_v in_o give_v 21_o for_o 20._o the_o correspondence_n thereof_o be_v the_o last_o of_o newcastle_n of_o 7½_n chalder_n be_v in_o london_n and_o yarmouth_n 10_o chaler_n roven_n 100_o barrel_n give_v 104_o for_o 100_o bruges_n and_o ostend_n 100_o measure_n for_o oat_n dort_n 12_o hort_fw-mi also_o by_o weigh_v of_o 144_o l._n of_o 24_o stone_n of_o 6_o l._n gaunt_z 144_o sack_n or_o 24_o mud_n alst_n 200_o mud_n antwerp_n 175_o vertil_n condet_fw-la 44_o muy_v 80_o make_v a_o cherk_n zealand_n 68_o herring-barrel_n middleburg_n by_o weigh_v of_o 108_o l._n amsterdam_n 13â—_n loot_v of_o 38_o measure_n wine_n measure_n of_o wine_n wine_n be_v sell_v in_o england_n by_o the_o tun_n of_o 252_o gallon_n and_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o diversity_n of_o wâ—…_n of_o the_o growth_n of_o sundry_a country_n come_v to_o england_n it_o be_v fit_a i_o shall_v set_v down_o how_o the_o tun_n of_o 252_o gallon_n do_v correspond_v with_o other_o place_n it_o than_o make_v in_o antwerp_n 6_o ames_o contain_v 300_o stoop_n every_o stoop_n weigh_v 6_o l._n call_v a_o stone_n every_z am_z be_v 50_o stoop_n or_o 42_o gallon_n and_o every_o stoop_n be_v 9½_n pint_n english_a in_o paris_n and_o orleans_n 4_o hogshead_n make_v 10_o stoop_n every_o hogshead_n 312_o stoop_n and_o at_o peris_fw-la 36_o sextier_n each_o sextier_n be_v 4_o quart_n every_o quart_n 2_o pint_n be_v 288_o pint_n and_o each_o pint_n be_v a_o chapin_n in_o bourdeaux_n 4½_n hogshead_n in_o lisbon_n 5½_n hogshead_n in_o auxere_fw-la in_o burgundy_n 3_o puncheon_n in_o poitou_n 2¼_n pipe_n in_o coniaque_fw-la 2_o pipe_n or_o 4_o hogshead_n in_o ay_o and_o artou_n 4â…”_n hogshead_n in_o seres_n or_o canary_n 2_o pipe_n of_o 150_o stoop_n or_o 1_o but_z and_z 9_o 20_o every_o but_o be_v in_o antwerp_n 158_o stoop_v they_o measure_v by_o the_o rove_v of_o 30_o l._n be_v 5_o stoop_n of_o antwerp_n which_o be_v about_o 5â…ž_n gallon_n and_o every_o but_o contain_v 30_o rove_n and_o the_o pipe_n contain_v 30_o rove_n of_o 28_o l._n in_o candado_fw-es be_v 2_o butt_n in_o madrid_n 2_o pipe_n lack_v 16_o stoop_n or_o about_o 19_o gallon_n in_o sevil_n 56_o â—_o 4_o rove_v of_o romani_n a_o rove_v be_v 8_o summer_n every_o summer_n be_v 4_o quartil_n every_o quartil_a be_v â—_o 8_o of_o a_o stoop_n of_o antwerp_n which_o be_v about_o 1½_n pint_n english_a and_o they_o do_v deliver_v 27_o and_o 28_o rove_n in_o a_o pipe_n but_o of_o oil_n measure_n by_o 40_o and_o 41_o rove_n in_o a_o pipe_n in_o ansoy_n or_o bastard_n 2_o pipe_n 16_o stoop_n for_o the_o say_v 6_o ames_o in_o lisbon_n 37½_n almude_n of_o 1½_n rove_v of_o sevil_n every_o almuda_n be_v 12_o covado_n or_o summer_n at_o sevil_n a_o covade_v be_v 12_o quart_n oil_n measure_n by_o alqueri_n or_o cantar_n every_o alqueri_n be_v 6_o covado_n every_o cantar_n be_v 4_o stoop_n of_o antwerp_n or_o 4½_n gallon_n english_a in_o algorn_v 34_o star_n in_o florence_n 16â…”_n barrel_n of_o 20_o fiaschi_n or_o 18_o stoop_n of_o antwerp_n the_o 3_o barrel_n be_v one_o star_n and_o each_o star_n be_v 54_o stoop_n of_o antwerp_n or_o 64_o gallon_n english_a in_o rome_n 7½_n brontons_n every_o bront_n be_v 96_o bocal_n or_o 13½_n rubes_z or_o stone_n of_o 10_o l._n of_o 30_o ounce_n in_o one_o bront_n or_o 42_o stoop_n of_o antwerp_n for_o honey_n the_o pound_n be_v 44_o ounce_n in_o candia_n 80_o mostache_n in_o a_o but_o of_o 34_o and_o 35_o mostache_n of_o 3¼_n stoop_v of_o antwerp_n or_o cirea_fw-la 4_o â—_o â—_o gallon_n english_a in_o bolonia_n 13_o corbe_n incirca_fw-la 19½_n gallon_n english_a each_o corbe_n in_o milan_n 1_o and_o â—_o 25_o cara_fw-it the_o oil_n be_v by_o the_o milly_a of_o 1185_o l._n be_v in_o antwerp_n 1100_o l._n make_v 152_o stoop_n in_o a_o but._n in_o venice_n 80_o mostati_fw-la the_o 38_o make_v a_o but_o and_o 76_o make_v a_o amphora_n 16_o â—_o 3_o quarti_fw-la besont_v measure_v the_o 4_o bigont_n 1_o bigout_n be_v a_o french_a hogshead_n 1_o quart_n 18_o stoop_n of_o antwerp_n 15â…”_n quarti_fw-la measure_n secchio_n or_o small_a measure_n of_o 4_o tischaufer_n amphera_n 4_o bigot_n or_o bigantine_n 16_o quartibigot_n measure_n 18½_n quarti_fw-la secchio_n lagol_n be_v a_o puncheon_n amphora_fw-it be_v 2_o ames_o which_o be_v 84_o gallon_n and_o for_o oil_n they_o measure_v by_o amâ—hora_fw-it also_o and_o for_o honey_n but_o most_o by_o milly_a of_o 1210_o l._n in_o verona_n 1½_n cara_fw-it 14_o brent_n every_o burn_v be_v 16_o base_n oil_n by_o the_o milly_a of_o 1738_o be_v 8_o brenten_a and_o 11_o base_n in_o ferrara_n 12_o mastilli_n of_o 8_o secchio_n each_o mastilli_n be_v 21_o gallon_n in_o vicentia_n 1_o â—_o 26_o cara_fw-it and_o the_o oil_n by_o the_o milly_a of_o venice_n in_o treviso_n 11_o consi_fw-la 10_o consi_fw-la make_n 1_o cara_fw-it in_o corfu_n and_o zante_n 37_o zare_n or_o sare_z and_z each_z sare_z be_v near_o 6½_n gallon_n in_o istria_n 15_o venas_fw-la near_o 17_o gallon_n in_o tunis_n 60_o matali_fw-la of_o 32_o rotolos_fw-la every_o matali_fw-la make_v about_o 4¼_n gallon_n english_a in_o tripoli_n in_o barbary_n 45_o metares_fw-la of_o 42_o rotolos_fw-la and_o each_o metara_fw-mi be_v somewhat_o more_o than_o â—2½_n gallâ—…s_v english_a in_o constantinople_n 180_o alm_n each_o alm_n be_v about_o 20_o pint_n and_o 96½_n alm_n of_o oil_n here_o make_v at_o venice_n a_o milly_a in_o calabria_n 8_o psalm_n in_o puglia_n 8_o psalm_n be_v french_a barrel_n oil_n also_o 8_o psalm_n every_o salm_n be_v 10_o star_n each_o star_n be_v 32_o pignaroli_fw-la hereto_o it_o will_v not_o be_v unfit_a i_o shall_v add_v malines_n his_o observation_n upon_o these_o wet_a measure_n in_o general_n the_o roman_n in_o time_n past_a call_v the_o wet_a measure_n by_o ounce_n as_o we_o do_v now_o the_o weight_n account_v 10_o ounce_n ponderale_n for_o 12_o ounce_n mensurale_n so_o sestarius_fw-la bonianorum_fw-la be_v 18_o ounce_n weight-measure_n and_o 21½_n ounce_n mensurale_n or_o wet_a measure_n now_o this_o custom_n of_o measure_v and_o correspondency_n of_o wet_a measure_n and_o weight_n be_v yet_o in_o use_n in_o sundry_a place_n as_o at_o meyson_n in_o saxony_n 20_o ounce_n ponderale_n make_v 24_o ounce_n mensurale_n also_o at_o lipsick_a 32_o ounce_n wet_a measure_n go_v to_o 16½_n ounce_n weight_n measure_n the_o difference_n of_o correspondence_n be_v of_o 5_o to_o 6._o this_o be_v further_a demonstrate_v in_o many_o commodity_n as_o a_o hogshead_n of_o wine_n weigh_v 500_o l._n the_o cask_n 50_o l._n so_o that_o in_o net_n wine_n there_o be_v 150_o l._n also_o a_o hogshead_n of_o corn_n weigh_v 400_o l._n the_o cask_n 50_o l._n the_o net_n corn_n be_v 350_o l._n so_o that_o by_o this_o computation_n the_o tun_n of_o wine_n weigh_v 1800_o l._n and_o with_o the_o cask_n 2000_o l._n and_o the_o tun_n lade_v of_o corn_n weigh_v 1600_o l._n and_o with_o the_o cask_n 1800_o l._n so_o that_o for_o the_o lade_n of_o a_o ship_n by_o weight_n and_o measure_n these_o observation_n be_v to_o be_v note_v measure_n observation_n for_o the_o lade_n of_o a_o ship_n by_o weight_n and_o measure_n two_o tun_n be_v account_v for_o a_o last_o so_o 2_o tun_n of_o wine_n make_v 4000_o l._n and_o somewhat_o more_o and_o in_o hogshead_n there_o shall_v be_v but_o â…“_n part_n of_o a_o last_o at_o dert_n in_o holland_n they_o call_v a_o great_a vessel_n a_o rod_n of_o wine_n which_o weigh_v 4500_o l._n as_o a_o last_o of_o corn_n compare_v these_o 4500_o l._n mensurale_n by_o reduction_n of_o 6_o to_o 5_o as_o above_z note_v be_v 3750_o l._n perderale_n be_v 12½_n ames_o now_o if_o you_o account_v the_o gallon_n of_o wine_n of_o antwerp_n to_o weigh_v 6_o l._n the_o capacity_n of_o this_o vessel_n be_v 15_o ames_o be_v 750_o gallon_n the_o rod_n be_v a_o rod_n quadrant_a of_o 10_o foot_n long_o 10_o broad_a and_o 1_o foot_n deep_a every_o foot_n contain_v 7_o 1_o â—_o gallon_n antwerp_n measure_n or_o 4â…”_n foot_n cubic_n and_o this_o be_v as_o much_o as_o i_o think_v fit_a to_o insert_v in_o this_o place_n concern_v the_o wine_n measure_v of_o england_n with_o other_o country_n for_o other_o liquid_a commodity_n the_o table_n aforego_v will_n more_o large_o demonstrate_v london_n exchange_n of_o london_n the_o exchange_n practise_v in_o england_n and_o principal_o in_o london_n be_v confine_v within_o a_o narrow_a seantling_n be_v but_o as_o a_o riunlet_n issue_v out_o of_o the_o great_a stream_n of_o
those_o exchange_n that_o be_v use_v beyond_o the_o sea_n and_o therefore_o limit_v but_o to_o some_o few_o place_n as_o to_o antwerp_n for_o flanders_n to_o roven_n and_o paris_n for_o france_n to_o amsterdam_n and_o rotterdam_n for_o the_o netherlands_o to_o dantzick_n for_o the_o east_n country_n to_o venice_n for_o italy_n to_o edinburgh_n for_o scotland_n to_o dublin_n for_o ireland_n all_o the_o other_o part_n of_o the_o exchange_n practise_v in_o england_n have_v their_o derivation_n hence_o and_o he_o that_o will_v exchange_v for_o any_o other_o foreign_a country_n these_o aforenamed_a except_v must_v first_o have_v recourse_n hither_o and_o by_o a_o secondary_a exchange_n have_v his_o desire_n fulfil_v all_o which_o exchange_n and_o the_o manner_n how_o the_o same_o be_v calculate_v and_o the_o place_n with_o which_o london_n have_v in_o former_a time_n be_v see_v to_o exchange_v i_o have_v at_o large_a demonstrate_v in_o the_o 443_o 444_o 445_o 446_o and_o 447_o chapter_n of_o this_o ensue_a treatise_n whereto_o for_o better_a satisfaction_n i_o will_v refer_v the_o reader_n chap._n cclxxiii_o of_o the_o trade_n in_o general_n of_o england_n england_n of_o the_o trade_n in_o general_n of_o england_n when_o i_o consider_v the_o true_a dimension_n of_o our_o english_a traffic_n as_o at_o this_o day_n to_o i_o it_o appear_v to_o be_v together_o with_o the_o inbred_a commodity_n that_o this_o island_n afford_v to_o preserve_v and_o maintain_v the_o same_o with_o the_o present_a industry_n of_o the_o native_n and_o the_o ability_n of_o our_o navigator_n i_o just_o admire_v both_o the_o height_n and_o eminence_n thereof_o but_o when_o again_o i_o survey_v every_o kingdom_n and_o great_a city_n of_o the_o world_n and_o every_o petty_a port_n and_o creek_n of_o the_o same_o and_o find_v in_o each_o of_o these_o some_o english_a pry_v after_o the_o trade_n and_o commerce_n thereof_o then_o again_o i_o be_o easy_o bring_v to_o imagine_v that_o either_o this_o great_a traffic_n of_o england_n be_v at_o its_o full_a perfection_n or_o that_o it_o aim_v high_a than_o can_v hitherto_o by_o my_o weak_a sight_n be_v either_o see_v or_o discern_v i_o must_v confess_v england_n breed_v in_o its_o own_o womb_n the_o principal_a supporter_n of_o its_o present_a splendour_n and_o nourish_v with_o its_o own_o milk_n the_o commodity_n that_o give_v both_o lustre_n and_o life_n to_o the_o continuance_n of_o this_o trade_n which_o i_o pray_v may_v never_o either_o decay_n or_o suffer_v the_o least_o diminution_n but_o england_n be_v natural_o seat_v in_o a_o northern_a corner_n of_o the_o world_n and_o herein_o bend_v under_o the_o weight_n of_o too_o too_o ponderous_a a_o burden_n can_v possible_o always_o and_o for_o ever_o find_v a_o vent_n for_o all_o those_o commodity_n that_o be_v see_v to_o be_v daily_o export_v and_o bring_v within_o the_o compass_n of_o so_o narrow_a a_o circuit_n unless_o there_o can_v be_v by_o the_o policy_n and_o government_n of_o the_o state_n a_o mean_a find_v out_o to_o make_v this_o island_n either_o the_o common_a emporium_n and_o staple_n of_o all_o europe_n or_o at_o leastwise_o of_o all_o these_o our_o neighbour_a northern_a region_n trade_n the_o real_a worth_n of_o the_o english_a trade_n the_o staple_n commodity_n of_o england_n be_v clothes_n lead_v tin_n some_o new_a late_a drapery_n and_o other_o english_a real_a and_o royal_a commodity_n ship_v hence_o in_o former_a time_n yield_v by_o their_o return_v from_o foreign_a part_n all_o those_o necessary_n and_o want_v we_o desire_v or_o stand_v in_o need_n of_o but_o the_o late_a great_a traffic_n of_o this_o island_n have_v be_v such_o that_o it_o have_v not_o only_o prove_v a_o bountiful_a mother_n to_o the_o inhabitant_n but_o also_o a_o courteous_a nurse_n to_o the_o adjoin_a neighbour_n for_o what_o in_o matter_n of_o traffic_n they_o have_v lose_v we_o have_v be_v find_v to_o have_v gain_v and_o what_o they_o have_v want_v we_o have_v be_v note_v to_o have_v supply_v they_o with_o have_v the_o proud_a and_o magnificent_a city_n of_o venice_n lose_v her_o great_a traffic_n and_o commerce_n with_o india_n arabia_n and_o persia_n england_n have_v get_v it_o and_o now_o furnish_v she_o plenteous_o with_o the_o rich_a commodity_n thereof_o have_v all_o italy_n lose_v venice_n that_o feed_v it_o with_o those_o dainty_n london_n now_o supply_v her_o place_n and_o be_v find_v both_o to_o cloth_n and_o nourish_v it_o have_v france_n almost_o lose_v the_o excellent_a commodity_n of_o constantinople_n alexandria_n and_o aleppo_n and_o general_o of_o all_o tarky_n london_n can_v and_o do_v furnish_v it_o nay_o be_v turkey_n itself_o deprive_v of_o the_o precious_a spice_n of_o judia_fw-la england_n can_v and_o do_v plentiful_o afford_v they_o will_v you_o view_v moscovia_n survey_n sweden_n look_v upon_o denmark_n peruse_v the_o east_n country_n and_o those_o other_o cold_a region_n there_o shall_v you_o find_v the_o english_a to_o have_v be_v the_o inhabitant_n from_o the_o prince_n to_o the_o peasant_n wear_v english_a woolleâ—_n livery_n feed_v in_o english_a pewter_n sauce_v with_o english_a indian_a spice_n and_o send_v to_o their_o enemy_n sad_a english_a leaden_a messenger_n of_o death_n will_v you_o behold_v the_o netherlands_o who_o eye_n and_o heart_n envy_v england_n traffic_n yet_o they_o must_v perforce_o confess_v that_o for_o all_o their_o great_a boast_n they_o be_v indebt_v to_o london_n for_o most_o of_o their_o syria_n commodity_n beside_o what_o other_o ware_n else_o they_o have_v of_o english_a growth_n will_v you_o see_v france_n and_o travel_v from_o marselia_n to_o calais_n though_o they_o stand_v least_o in_o need_n of_o we_o yet_o they_o can_v last_v long_o without_o our_o commodity_n and_o for_o spain_n if_o you_o pry_v therein_o from_o the_o prince_n palace_n to_o the_o poor_a man_n cottage_n he_o will_v voto_fw-la a_o dios_fw-es there_o be_v no_o clothe_v comparable_a to_o our_o bay_n nor_o pheasant_n excel_v a_o seasonable_a english_a red_a herring_n company_n the_o east-india_n company_n the_o east_n india_n company_n of_o london_n be_v yearly_o see_v to_o visit_v persia_n frequent_a india_n and_o traffic_v in_o arabia_n and_o the_o coast_n thereof_o and_o for_o our_o english_a commodity_n and_o some_o other_o export_v hence_o they_o be_v find_v to_o import_v pepper_n cloves_n mace_n nutmeg_n cotton_n rice_n calico_n of_o sundry_a sort_n bezoar_v stone_n aloe_n borax_n calamus_fw-la cassia_n mirabolan_n myrrh_n opium_n rhubarb_n cinnamon_n sanders_n spikenard_n musk_n civit_n tamarind_n precious_a stone_n of_o all_o sort_n as_o diamond_n peark_n carbuncle_n emerald_n jacinth_n saphire_n spinal_n turquoise_n topazas_n indigo_n and_o silk_n raw_a and_o wrought_v into_o sundry_a fabric_n benjamin_n camphire_n sandalwood_n and_o infinite_a other_o commodity_n and_o tho_o in_o india_n and_o these_o part_n their_o trade_n equal_v not_o either_o the_o portugal_n or_o the_o dutch_a yet_o in_o candid_a fair_a and_o merchant-like_a deal_v these_o pagan_n mahumedan_n and_o gentiles_n hold_v they_o in_o esteem_n far_o before_o they_o and_o deserve_o have_v here_o the_o epithet_n of_o far_o more_o current_a and_o square_a dealer_n and_o although_o for_o the_o present_a this_o tral_n and_o company_n do_v suffer_v under_o some_o adverse_a cloud_n and_o groan_v under_o some_o unkind_a loss_n by_o the_o falsehood_n of_o the_o netherlander_n and_o sad_a accident_n at_o sea_n yet_o their_o adventure_n and_o act_n be_v praise_v worthy_a and_o their_o fair_a endeavour_n for_o england_n honour_n in_o point_n of_o trade_n merit_v due_a commendation_n and_o just_a applause_n company_n the_o turkey_n company_n the_o turkey_n company_n of_o london_n for_o its_o height_n and_o eminence_n be_v now_o second_o to_o none_o other_o of_o this_o land_n for_o not_o yearly_o but_o monthly_o nay_o almost_o weekly_o their_o ship_n be_v observe_v to_o go_v to_o and_o fro_o export_v hence_o the_o clothes_n of_o suffolk_n gloucester_z worcester_z and_o coventry_n dye_v and_o dress_v kersey_n of_o hampshire_n and_o york_n lead_v tin_n and_o a_o great_a quantity_n of_o the_o abovesaid_a india_n spice_n indigo_n and_o calico_n and_o in_o return_n thereof_o import_n from_o turkey_n the_o raw_a silk_n of_o persia_n damascus_n tripoli_n etc._n etc._n gall_n of_o mosolo_n and_o toccat_fw-la camlet_n grogram_n and_o mohair_n of_o angora_n cotton_n and_o cotton_n yarn_n of_o cyprus_n and_o smyrna_n and_o sometime_o the_o gem_n of_o india_n and_o drug_n of_o egypt_n and_o arabia_n the_o muscadines_n of_o candia_n the_o currant_n and_o oil_n of_o zant_n zeffalonia_n and_o herta_n with_o sundry_a other_o and_o in_o all_o these_o part_n be_v account_v also_o second_o to_o none_o nor_o give_v place_n to_o any_o nation_n either_o in_o the_o greatness_n of_o their_o traffic_n or_o in_o their_o fair_a and_o merchant_n like_o performance_n adventurer_n the_o merchant_n adventurer_n the_o ancient_a company_n of_o merchant_n
crown_n lucca_n carl._n 25½_n 1_o ducatoon_n naples_n duc._n 100_o 96½_n duc._n of_o 6_o tarin_n lechy_a turin_n 11._o 14_o 1_o ducat_n bary_n carl._n 23½_n 1_o ducat_n palermo_n ounce_n 100_o 102_o ounce_n antw._n &_o col._n ducat_n 1_o 107_o gross_v london_n ducat_n 1_o 72_o penny_n sterling_a valentia_n florin_n 1_o sol_fw-mi 9_o 9_o d._n saragosa_n florin_n 1_o sol_fw-mi 9_o 10_o d._n barselona_n florin_n 1_o sol_fw-mi 9_o 8_o d._n siv_n al._n med._n florin_n 1_o 190_o marved._n lisbon_n florin_n 1_o 200_o ray_n bologna_n carlins_n 25¼_n 1_o ducatoon_n bergamo_n carlins_n 25_o 1_o ducatoon_n francfort_n ducat_n 1_o 90_o quarentins_n vide_fw-la chap._n 419._o how_o these_o be_v calculate_v chap._n ccxc._n of_o the_o exchange_n of_o antwerp_n in_o brabant_n and_o collen_n in_o germany_n the_o low_a colonia_n the_o exchange_n of_o antwerp_n and_o colonia_n in_o both_o these_o place_n the_o exchanger_n keep_v their_o account_n in_o livre_n sol_n and_o denier_n of_o gross_v so_o that_o their_o gross_v be_v there_o account_v as_o their_o denier_n or_o pefen_a and_o in_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o exchange_n of_o these_o two_o place_n they_o give_v the_o break_a number_n to_o all_o other_o place_n london_n only_o except_v which_o they_o give_v not_o by_o the_o gross_a but_o by_o the_o sol._n or_o shilling_n antwerp_n and_o colonia_n do_v exchange_n with_o placentia_n gross_n 125_o for_o 1_o crown_n lion_n gross_a 128_o 1_o crown_n rome_n gross_n 130_o 1_o ducat_n genoa_n gross_n 129_o 1_o crown_n of_o gold_n milan_n gross_n 127_o 1_o crown_n of_o gold_n venetia_n gross_a 94½_n 1_o ducat_n florence_n gross_n 112_o 1_o crown_n lucca_n gross_n 104_o 1_o ducatoon_n naples_n gross_n 91_o 1_o ducat_n lecchi_n gross_a 90½_n 1_o ducat_n bary_n gross_n 91_o 1_o ducat_n palermo_n gross_a 107½_n 1_o ducat_n mesina_n gross_n 107_o 1_o ducat_n london_n sold._n 34½_n 1_o pound_v sterling_n valentia_n gross_n 107_o 1_o ducat_n saragosa_n gross_n 109_o 1_o ducat_n barselona_n gross_n 112_o 1_o ducat_n siv_n al._n med._n gross_a 106¼_n 1_o ducat_n lisbon_n gross_n 102_o 1_o ducat_n bolonia_n gross_n 104_o 1_o ducatoon_n bergamo_n gross_n 105_o 1_o ducatoon_n francfort_n gross_n 78_o 1_o floren_n of_o 65_o quar_fw-la vide_fw-la chap._n 435._o how_o these_o be_v calculate_v chap._n ccxci_o of_o the_o exchange_n of_o london_n the_o metropolis_n of_o england_n london_n the_o exchange_n of_o london_n in_o london_n and_o throughout_o all_o england_n exchanger_n keep_v their_o account_n in_o pound_n shilling_n and_o pence_n sterling_n and_o cast_v it_o up_o as_o in_o other_o place_n by_o livre_n sol_n and_o denier_n by_o 12_o and_o 20._o and_o in_o the_o custom_n of_o exchange_v it_o give_v the_o exchange_n to_o all_o place_n by_o the_o break_a number_n of_o pence_n sterling_n antwerp_n and_o colonia_n only_o except_v with_o which_o two_o place_n it_o exchange_v by_o the_o pound_n of_o sterling_a money_n above_o specify_v london_n do_v exchange_n with_o placentia_n sterl_n penny_n 64_o for_o 1_o crown_n lion_n penny_n 64_o 1_o crown_n rome_n pence_n 66_o 1_o ducat_n genoa_n pence_n 65_o 1_o crown_n of_o gold_n milan_n pence_n 64¾_n 1_o crown_n of_o gold_n venetia_n pence_n 50_o 1_o duc._n in_o banco_n florence_n pence_n 61_o 1_o crown_n lucca_n pence_n 53½_n 1_o ducatoon_n naples_n pence_n 50_o 1_o ducat_n lechy_a pence_n 50½_n 1_o ducat_n bary_n pence_n 51_o 1_o ducat_n palermo_n pence_n 57½_n 1_o ducat_n mesina_n pence_n 56½_n 1_o ducat_n antw._n &_o col._n pound_n sterl_n 1_o 34½_n shill_n flem._n valentia_n pence_n 57½_n 1_o ducat_n saragosa_n pence_n 59_o 1_o ducat_n barselona_n pence_n 64_o 1_o ducat_n siv_n al._n med._n penny_n 58½_n 1_o ducat_n lisbon_n pence_n 53½_n 1_o ducat_n bolonia_n pence_n 53⅓_n 1_o ducatoon_n bergamo_n pence_n 52_o 1_o ducatoon_n francfort_n pence_n 59½_n 1_o florin_n vide_fw-la chap._n 443._o how_o these_o be_v calculate_v chap._n ccxcii_o of_o the_o exchange_n of_o valentia_n the_o metropolis_n of_o valentia_n valentia_n the_o exchange_n of_o valentia_n in_o valentia_n and_o in_o all_o the_o kingdom_n of_o valentia_n in_o spain_n merchant_n do_v keep_v their_o account_n in_o livre_n sold_n and_o denier_n the_o current_a money_n of_o the_o place_n be_v rial_n and_o denier_n and_o ricl_v ten_o be_v account_v for_o a_o livre_fw-fr so_o that_o half_o a_o rial_n be_v a_o soldo_n the_o ducat_n be_v here_o imaginary_a and_o account_v for_o 10½_n rial_n and_o account_v 21_o sol_n in_o the_o custom_n of_o exchange_n of_o this_o place_n it_o give_v the_o break_a number_n to_o all_o italy_n spain_n and_o germany_n and_o to_o all_o other_o place_n the_o entire_a number_n either_o of_o one_o ducat_n or_o 100_o ducat_n the_o castiliano_fw-mi be_v also_o here_o find_v in_o use_n for_o a_o imaginary_a coin_n in_o the_o ancient_a custom_n of_o exchange_v with_o sevil_n and_o account_v worth_n 27_o sol._n 4_o denier_n valentia_n do_v exchange_n with_o placentia_n sol._n 23._o 6_o for_o 1_o crown_n lion_n sol._n 23._o 8_o 1_o crown_n rome_n sol._n 24._o 2_o 1_o ducat_n genoa_n sol._n 23_o 10_o 1_o crown_n of_o gold_n milan_n sol._n 23._o 9_o 1_o crown_n of_o gold_n venice_n sol._n 17._o 10_o 1_o ducat_n florence_n sol._n 23._o 0_o 1_o crown_n lucca_n sol._n 20._o 2_o 1_o ducatoon_n naples_n sol._n 18._o 0_o 1_o ducat_n lechy_a sol._n 18._o 2_o 1_o ducat_n bary_n sol._n 18._o 1_o 1_o ducat_n palermo_n sol._n 9_o 6_o 1_o florin_n mesina_n sol._n 9_o 7_o 1_o florin_n antw._n &_o col._n ducat_n 1_o 106_o gross_v london_n ducat_n 1_o 72½_n pence_n sterl_n saragosa_n ducat_n 100_o 102_o ducat_n barselona_n ducat_n 100_o 101½_n ducat_n siv_n al._n med._n sol._n 20._o 3_o 1_o ducat_n lisbon_n ducat_n 100_o 100⅓_n ducat_n bologna_n sol._n 20._o 3_o 1_o ducatoon_n bergamo_n sol._n 20._o 4_o 1_o ducatoon_n francfort_n sol._n 14_o 1_o florin_n vide_fw-la chap._n 426._o how_o these_o be_v calculate_v chap._n ccxciii_o of_o the_o exchange_n of_o saragosa_n in_o catalonia_n saragosa_n the_o exchange_n of_o saragosa_n in_o saragosa_n merchant_n keep_v their_o account_n as_o in_o valentia_n aforemention_v and_o have_v the_o same_o money_n save_v that_o the_o ducat_n pass_v here_o in_o account_n for_o 22_o sol_n or_o 11_o rial_n in_o the_o custom_n of_o exchange_v it_o give_v the_o break_a number_n to_o all_o italy_n and_o to_o all_o the_o rest_n the_o whole_a number_n which_o be_v find_v to_o be_v either_o one_o ducat_n or_o 100_o ducat_n saragosa_n do_v exchange_n with_o placentia_n sol._n 23._o 8_o for_o 1_o crown_n lion_n sol._n 23._o 11_o 1_o crown_n rome_n sol._n 24._o 3_o 1_o ducat_n genoa_n sol._n 23._o 9_o 1_o crown_n of_o gold_n milan_n sol._n 23._o 8_o 1_o crown_n of_o gold_n venetia_n sol._n 17._o 9_o 1_o ducat_n florence_n sol._n 22._o 10_o 1_o crown_n lucca_n sol._n 20._o 1_o 1_o ducatoon_n naples_n sol._n 17._o 10_o 1_o ducat_n lechi_n sol._n 18._o 1_o 1_o ducat_n bary_n sol._n 18._o 0_o 1_o ducat_n palermo_n sol._n 9_o 8_o 1_o florin_n mesina_n sol._n 9_o 9_o 1_o florin_n antw._n &_o col._n duc._n 1_o 105_o gross_v london_n duc._n 1_o 73_o penny_n sterling_a valentia_n duc._n 100_o 103_o ducat_n barselona_n duc._n 100_o 102_o ducat_n siv_n al._n med._n duc._n 100_o 105_o ducat_n lisbon_n duc._n 100_o 108_o ducat_n belonia_n sol._n 20._o 2_o 1_o ducatoon_n bergamo_n sol._n 20._o 1_o 1_o ducatoon_n francfort_n duc._n 1_o 95_o quarentins_n vide_fw-la chap._n 426._o how_o these_o be_v calculate_v chap._n ccxciu_o of_o the_o exchange_n of_o barselona_n the_o metropolis_n of_o catalonia_n barselona_n the_o exchange_n of_o barselona_n in_o barselona_n the_o use_n of_o account_n keep_v and_o the_o money_n be_v the_o same_o as_o be_v specify_v in_o valentia_n except_v that_o the_o ducat_n be_v here_o account_v sol._n 24_o which_o be_v twelve_o single_a rial_n in_o the_o custom_n of_o exchange_v this_o place_n give_v the_o break_a number_n to_o all_o other_o place_n except_v to_o antwerp_n colonia_n london_n lisbon_n and_o germany_n to_o which_o it_o give_v the_o whole_a number_n which_o be_v find_v to_o be_v either_o one_o ducat_n or_o 100_o ducat_n barselona_n do_v exchange_n with_o placentia_n sold._n 23._o 10_o for_o 1_o crown_n lion_n sol._n 24_o 1_o crown_n rome_n sol._n 24._o 4_o 1_o ducat_n genoa_n sol._n 24._o 2_o 1_o crown_n of_o gold_n milan_n sol._n 24._o 1_o 1_o crown_n of_o gold_n venice_n sol._n 18._o 2_o 1_o ducat_n florence_n sol._n 23._o 0_o 1_o crown_n lucca_n sol._n 20._o 2_o 1_o ducatoon_n naples_n sol._n 18._o 3_o 1_o ducat_n lechy_a sol._n 18._o 2_o 1_o ducat_n bary_n sol._n 18._o 1_o 1_o ducat_n palermo_n sol._n 9_o 10_o 1_o florin_n mesina_n sol._n 9_o 9_o 1_o florin_n antw._n &_o col._n ducat_n 1_o 103_o gross_v london_n ducat_n 1_o 72_o penny_n sterling_a valentia_n duc._n 103_o 100_o
of_o the_o term_n of_o payment_n in_o general_a of_o bill_n of_o exchange_n five_o the_o term_n of_o payment_n of_o bill_n of_o exchange_n five_o to_o make_v these_o table_n complete_a and_o the_o rule_n of_o these_o exchange_n to_o be_v true_o and_o right_o understand_v it_o be_v observable_a that_o as_o all_o exchange_n have_v a_o settle_a rate_n and_o price_n by_o which_o the_o taker_n take_v and_o the_o giver_n by_o covenant_n give_v it_o so_o be_v there_o likewise_o a_o certain_a positive_a term_n and_o time_n limit_v wherein_o and_o at_o which_o day_n expire_v the_o factor_n of_o the_o taker_n or_o his_o assign_v repay_v the_o covenant_v sum_n to_o the_o factor_n or_o assign_v of_o the_o giver_n thereof_o which_o term_n oâ—_n time_n be_v of_o differ_a space_n of_o day_n prefix_v the_o common_a term_n or_o time_n by_o which_o all_o bill_n in_o exchange_n be_v make_v be_v find_v usual_o to_o be_v five_o which_o be_v first_o at_o sight_n of_o the_o bill_n second_o at_o usance_n three_o at_o double_a usance_n fourthly_a at_o half_a usance_n five_o at_o mart_n fair_n etc._n etc._n which_o five_o term_n in_o exchange_n be_v thus_o understand_v sight_n 1._o at_o sight_n first_o then_o at_o sight_n or_o so_o many_o day_n after_o sight_n be_v understand_v to_o be_v so_o long_a a_o term_n or_o time_n as_o the_o bill_n of_o exchange_n will_v be_v after_o the_o delivery_n go_v to_o that_o place_n where_o it_o be_v covenant_v that_o the_o same_o shall_v be_v pay_v and_o upon_o the_o show_n and_o sight_n thereof_o or_o at_o so_o many_o day_n after_o as_o be_v specify_v therein_o it_o must_v be_v pay_v and_o answer_v according_o usance_n 2._o at_o usance_n second_o at_o usance_n be_v understand_v to_o be_v of_o a_o different_a term_n and_o space_n of_o time_n sometime_o consist_v of_o 8_o day_n as_o from_o rome_n to_o naples_n sometime_o of_o 10_o day_n as_o from_o genova_n to_o rome_n sometime_o of_o 30_o day_n as_o from_o london_n to_o roven_n to_o antwerp_n to_o middleburgh_n to_o amsterdam_n and_o so_o to_o other_o place_n sometime_o of_o 60_o day_n or_o two_o month_n as_o from_o london_n to_o hamburgh_n from_o antwerp_n to_o rome_n and_o to_o venice_n and_o to_o florence_n to_o naples_n to_o palermo_n and_o so_o to_o other_o place_n sometime_o again_o usance_n be_v understand_v to_o be_v 90_o day_n or_o three_o month_n as_o from_o london_n to_o venice_n florence_n naples_n etc._n etc._n according_a to_o the_o several_a custom_n of_o the_o say_v distant_a several_a place_n where_o the_o bill_n of_o exchange_n be_v make_v and_o ever_o account_v from_o the_o date_n of_o the_o say_a bill_n usance_n 3._o at_o double_a usance_n three_o at_o double_a usance_n which_o consider_v the_o say_a place_n be_v understand_v to_o be_v double_a the_o former_a space_n of_o single_a usance_n be_v either_o of_o 8_o 10_o 30_o 60_o or_o 90_o day_n double_v according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o place_n where_o the_o bill_n be_v make_v and_o account_v also_o from_o the_o date_n of_o the_o say_a bill_n usance_n 4._o at_o half_a usance_n four_o at_o half_a usance_n this_o be_v understand_v to_o be_v half_o the_o abovesaid_a limit_a term_n or_o time_n according_a as_o as_o i_o say_v before_o to_o the_o common_a custom_n of_o that_o place_n where_o the_o bill_n be_v make_v and_o account_v also_o from_o the_o date_n of_o the_o bill_n mart_n 5._o at_o fair_n and_o mart_n five_o at_o mart_n or_o fair_n which_o by_o italian_n and_o spaniard_n be_v call_v la_fw-fr fiera_fw-fr and_o this_o space_n of_o time_n for_o payment_n of_o bill_n be_v understand_v to_o be_v at_o some_o certain_a day_n account_v for_o fair_n in_o the_o say_a place_n where_o the_o bill_n be_v make_v to_o be_v payable_a as_o be_v find_v in_o placentia_n quarterly_a four_o time_n of_o the_o year_n the_o like_v observe_v general_o in_o lion_n and_o in_o castille_n at_o three_o time_n of_o the_o year_n account_v as_o in_o three_o bank_n 1._o i_o alas_o fieras_n de_fw-fr vilaleon_n 2._o de_fw-fr medina_n del_fw-it campo_n 3._o de_fw-fr medina_n del_fw-it rio_n sicco_fw-it which_o place_n be_v as_o public_a mart_n whereunto_o merchant_n do_v use_v to_o give_v and_o take_v sometime_o to_o benefit_n themselves_o by_o exchange_n as_o in_o the_o abovesaid_a place_n and_o sometime_o to_o buy_v commodity_n and_o supply_v their_o occasion_n as_o be_v use_v twice_o a_o year_n for_o some_o mart_n in_o germany_n as_o i_o have_v touch_v more_o large_o in_o the_o description_n of_o the_o trade_n of_o the_o say_a city_n chap._n ccci_o how_o the_o rate_n and_o price_n in_o exchange_n be_v settle_v settle_v how_o the_o rate_n and_o price_n of_o exchanger_n be_v settle_v the_o next_o thing_n considerable_a yet_o to_o be_v handle_v for_o the_o explanation_n of_o these_o table_n of_o exchange_n be_v the_o rate_n and_o price_n itself_o for_o see_v that_o so_o many_o merchant_n of_o great_a eminence_n who_o estate_n be_v continual_o traverse_v from_o one_o country_n to_o another_o and_o from_o one_o coin_n to_o another_o do_v daily_o and_o constant_o give_v and_o take_v as_o their_o occasion_n and_o the_o rate_n of_o the_o exchange_n conduce_v to_o their_o profit_n it_o may_v be_v conceive_v that_o their_o great_a purse_n shall_v prescribe_v the_o rule_n and_o rate_v thereto_o which_o be_v see_v so_o various_o to_o alter_v and_o daily_o to_o rise_v and_o fall_v by_o the_o continual_a current_n of_o those_o and_o other_o that_o use_v this_o mystery_n yet_o notwithstanding_o not_o find_v that_o they_o have_v any_o determinate_a power_n or_o stroke_n in_o give_v the_o price_n thereto_o though_o it_o must_v be_v confess_v that_o such_o have_v a_o conduce_v hand_n so_o far_o forth_o as_o it_o may_v be_v â—ound_v that_o their_o opinion_n concur_v with_o the_o universal_a opinion_n of_o the_o rest_n interest_v in_o this_o mystical_a body_n of_o exchange_n and_o therefore_o to_o explain_v myself_o it_o may_v fit_o here_o be_v demand_v how_o those_o rate_n and_o price_n of_o exchange_n come_v to_o be_v set_v and_o then_o continue_v or_o how_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o the_o same_o be_v see_v so_o frequent_o to_o vary_v and_o alter_v in_o foreign_a part_n whereto_o i_o answer_v that_o the_o banker_n in_o italy_n spain_n and_o france_n be_v now_o a_o day_n find_v to_o be_v the_o only_a great_a taker_n and_o deliverer_n of_o money_n have_v at_o the_o time_n of_o payment_n of_o exchange_n in_o the_o principal_a place_n aforesaid_a as_o namely_o aâ—_n lion_n in_o france_n madrid_n and_o in_o other_o place_n of_o spain_n florence_n genova_n venetia_n and_o such_o other_o place_n in_o italy_n a_o constant_a meeting_n and_o there_o by_o certain_a ticket_n in_o writing_n deliver_v every_o man_n his_o opinion_n what_o the_o price_n of_o the_o exchange_n ought_v to_o be_v for_o all_o place_n then_o exchange_v for_o the_o next_o fair_a or_o time_n of_o payment_n in_o every_o the_o say_a place_n and_o according_a to_o the_o same_o the_o calculation_n be_v cast_v up_o by_o the_o medium_fw-la that_o be_v to_o say_v if_o there_o be_v seven_o or_o more_o voice_n or_o ticket_n the_o say_v seven_o be_v add_v together_o and_o the_o seven_o part_n be_v the_o medium_n and_o if_o there_o be_v ten_o than_o the_o ten_o be_v cast_v up_o the_o ten_o part_n be_v the_o medium_n and_o so_o for_o great_a or_o lesser_a number_n according_o wherein_o it_o be_v to_o be_v note_v that_o these_o banker_n do_v observe_v how_o the_o plenty_n of_o money_n lie_v by_o exchange_n how_o the_o occasion_n of_o prince_n may_v help_v or_o hinder_v either_o by_o great_a receipt_n or_o great_a disbursement_n how_o the_o trade_n and_o commerce_n of_o the_o negotiator_n and_o merchant_n be_v concurrent_a and_o effective_a and_o therein_o they_o be_v find_v to_o concur_v in_o set_v the_o say_a rate_n and_o price_n for_o their_o own_o commodity_n and_o advantage_n and_o from_o this_o spring_n be_v observe_v to_o rise_v the_o main_a ocean_n of_o all_o the_o exchange_n of_o christendom_n in_o which_o this_o our_o country_n of_o england_n have_v but_o a_o small_a share_n as_o be_v only_o a_o branch_n derive_v from_o the_o principal_a channel_n chap._n cccii_o of_o the_o par_fw-fr in_o exchange_n two_o of_o the_o par_fw-fr in_o exchange_n which_o be_v two_o the_o next_o thing_n observable_a here_o be_v the_o loss_n and_o gain_n accrue_v by_o these_o exchange_n practise_v among_o merchant_n to_o distinguish_v which_o and_o for_o the_o find_v out_o the_o reality_n thereof_o every_o giver_n or_o taker_n appli_v his_o study_n to_o find_v out_o the_o true_a and_o real_a par_fw-fr of_o exchange_n whereby_o it_o be_v manifest_v both_o what_o the_o gain_n and_o loss_n be_v and_o who_o be_v gainer_n and_o who_o be_v the_o loser_n now_o this_o par_fw-fr in_o exchange_n may_v be_v
of_o lion_n with_o genoa_n lion_n exchange_v with_o genoa_n and_o give_v one_o crown_n of_o the_o sun_n have_v in_o that_o place_n positâ—_n of_o money_n in_o gold_n 59_o s._n 9_o d._n i_o demand_v for_o cro._n 9432._o 9_o of_o the_o sun_n how_o much_o credit_n shall_v lion_n have_v in_o genoa_n in_o current_a money_n to_o do_v which_o first_o multiply_v the_o say_a crown_n of_o the_o sun_n by_o sol._n 59_o 9_o d._n and_o it_o make_v sol._n 563588._o 10_o d._n which_o reduce_v into_o liver_n make_v lib._n 28179._o 8._o 10_o mâ—ny_o of_o gold_n which_o divide_v by_o 68_o sol_n which_o be_v the_o price_n of_o a_o crown_n of_o gold_n in_o money_n of_o gold_n and_o that_o which_o rest_v of_o the_o division_n you_o must_v multiply_v by_o 20_o to_o make_v they_o sol_n of_o gold_n and_o then_o by_o 12_o to_o make_v they_o denier_n and_o they_o will_v be_v crown_n 8288._o 1._o 5_o of_o gold_n the_o which_o multiply_v by_o 4½_n which_o be_v the_o price_n at_o present_a of_o the_o crown_n of_o gold_n in_o current_a money_n and_o of_o its_o product_n will_v come_v lib._n 37296._o 6._o 4_o of_o money_n current_n and_o so_o much_o credit_n shall_v lion_n have_v in_o genoa_n for_o the_o say_a crown_n 9432._o 9_o of_o the_o sun_n and_o you_o must_v note_v that_o the_o liver_n of_o the_o money_n of_o gold_n cannie_v be_v reduce_v into_o current_a money_n unless_o first_o it_o be_v reduce_v to_o crown_n of_o exchange_n proof_n proof_n the_o proof_n of_o this_o rule_n be_v see_v when_o that_o genoa_n do_v exchange_n for_o lion_n chap._n cccxiv_o of_o the_o exchange_n of_o lion_n with_o milan_n milan_n exchange_n of_o lion_n with_o milan_n lion_n exchange_v with_o milan_n and_o give_v a_o crown_n of_o the_o sun_n to_o have_v in_o milan_n posito_fw-la 118â…“_n s._n i_o will_v know_v how_o many_o liver_n make_v crown_n 1564._o 15._o 6._o of_o gold_n of_o the_o sun_n in_o millaâ—t_n to_o do_v which_o you_o must_v multiply_v the_o say_v sum_n of_o crown_n by_o 5_o l._n 18._o 4._o which_o be_v the_o sol_n 118â—_n begin_v to_o multiply_v the_o l_o 5_o by_o the_o 6_o den._n and_o then_o by_o the_o 15_o which_o be_v with_o the_o crown_n of_o the_o sun_n the_o proceed_v of_o the_o multiplication_n shall_v be_v l._n 9258._o 5._o which_o shall_v be_v have_v in_o milan_n for_o the_o say_a crown_n of_o the_o sun_n as_o for_o example_n proof_n proof_n the_o proof_n of_o the_o say_a account_n shall_v be_v manifest_a in_o the_o example_n of_o milan_n with_o lion_n chap._n cccxu._n of_o the_o exchange_n of_o lion_n with_o venetia_n venetia_n exchange_n of_o lion_n with_o venetia_n lion_n exchange_v with_o venice_n and_o give_v 100_o crown_n of_o gold_n to_o have_v their_o ducat_n posito_fw-la 119â…”_n of_o liver_n 6â…™_n per_fw-la ducat_n i_o demand_v for_o crown_n 3549._o 10._o of_o the_o sun_n how_o much_o credit_n shall_v lion_n have_v in_o venice_n to_o know_v which_o multiply_v the_o say_a sum_n of_o crown_n by_o the_o say_a 119â—_n ducat_n and_o the_o remainder_n produce_v by_o the_o say_a multiplication_n shall_v be_v divide_v by_o 24_o because_o that_o the_o ducat_n be_v worth_a 24_o gross_n and_o out_o of_o that_o product_v cut_v the_o two_o last_o figure_n the_o which_o be_v multiply_v by_o 24_o to_o make_v they_o gross_v they_o will_v make_v dacâ—t_o 48_o 38_o 1_o 12_o which_o lion_n shall_v have_v credit_n in_o venice_n for_o the_o say_a crown_n of_o the_o sun_n as_o example_n facit_fw-la 4238_o ducat_n 2_o gross_n and_o the_o proof_n of_o this_o account_n shall_v be_v manifest_v by_o example_n proof_n proof_n in_o the_o exchange_n of_o venetia_n back_n for_o lion_n chap._n cccxvi_o of_o the_o exchange_n of_o lion_n with_o bolonia_n bolonia_n exchange_n of_o lion_n with_o bolonia_n lion_n exchange_v with_o bolonia_n and_o give_v 100_o crown_n of_o the_o sun_n to_o have_v in_o bolonia_n crown_v 113_o of_o liver_n 4¾_n per_fw-la crown_n i_o demand_v then_o for_o crown_n 3879._o 13._o 4._o of_o the_o sun_n how_o much_o credit_n shall_v lion_n have_v in_o bolonia_n to_o do_v which_o multiply_v the_o say_v crown_n of_o the_o sun_n by_o 113_o and_o from_o the_o product_n cut_v the_o two_o last_o figure_n then_o multiply_v they_o by_o 20._o and_o 12._o to_o make_v they_o sols_n and_o denier_n and_o it_o will_v come_v to_o crown_n 4282._o 6._o 5._o in_o bolonia_n the_o which_o you_o must_v bring_v into_o liver_n by_o multiply_v they_o by_o l._n 4._o 15._o which_o be_v the_o value_n of_o the_o crown_n in_o bolonia_n and_o they_o make_v l._n 20341._o 0._o 5._o which_o lion_n shall_v have_v credit_n for_o in_o bolonia_n the_o proof_n hereof_o serve_v to_o know_v how_o to_o make_v the_o account_n when_o bolonia_n exchange_v for_o lion_n and_o be_v do_v by_o the_o rule_n of_o 3_o saying_n if_o crown_n 213_o give_v 100_o crown_n how_o many_o shall_v 4282_o crown_n 5._o s._n 6_o d._n give_v chap._n cccxvii_o of_o the_o exchange_n of_o lion_n with_o placentia_n placentia_n exchange_n of_o lion_n with_o placentia_n lion_n exchange_v with_o placentia_n and_o give_v 119â…”_n posito_fw-la crown_n of_o the_o sun_n to_o have_v in_o placentia_n crown_v 100_o of_o marc._n i_o demand_v for_o crown_n 3489._o 15_o of_o gold_n of_o the_o sun_n how_o many_o crown_n shall_v be_v due_a to_o i_o in_o placentia_n to_o find_v which_o i_o say_v by_o the_o rule_n of_o three_o if_o crowas_n 119â…”_n give_v 100_o crown_n of_o marc._n how_o many_o will_n crown_v 3489._o 15._o give_v the_o product_v of_o which_o rule_n give_v crown_n 2916._o 4._o 6._o d._n of_o marc._n and_o so_o much_o shall_v be_v due_a to_o i_o in_o the_o say_a place_n of_o placentia_n for_o the_o say_a sum_n of_o crown_n of_o the_o sun_n for_o example_n the_o proof_n of_o this_o rule_n be_v see_v when_o that_o placentia_n shall_v exchange_v with_o lion_n chap._n cccxviii_o of_o the_o exchange_n of_o lion_n with_o antwerp_n antwerp_n exchange_n of_o lion_n with_o antwerp_n lion_n exchange_v with_o antwerp_n and_o give_v one_o crown_n of_o the_o sun_n to_o have_v in_o antwerp_n posito_fw-la 121â…“_n gross_n i_o demand_v then_o how_o many_o liver_n of_o gross_v i_o shall_v have_v there_o for_o cro._n 6895._o 11._o 3._o to_o do_v which_o i_o multiply_v the_o say_a sum_n by_o the_o say_a 121â…“_n gross_n and_o it_o give_v gross_v 836661_o out_o of_o which_o take_v 1_o 12_o to_o make_v they_o sols_n and_o they_o make_v sol_n 69721._o 9_o which_o to_o make_v into_o liver_n you_o must_v cut_v the_o two_o last_o figure_n and_o take_v the_o ½_n of_o the_o other_o and_o it_o will_v come_v to_o l._n 3486._o 1._o 9_o of_o gross_v which_o i_o shall_v have_v in_o the_o say_a place_n of_o antwerp_n for_o the_o abovementioned_a sum_n of_o crown_n of_o the_o sun_n as_o by_o example_n proof_n proof_n the_o proof_n of_o the_o say_a account_n will_v appear_v when_o that_o antwerp_n exchange_v with_o lion_n and_o therein_o be_v to_o be_v note_v that_o in_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o exchange_n that_o lion_n make_v with_o antwerp_n the_o calculation_n will_v serve_v in_o the_o same_o manner_n with_o colonia_n because_o the_o same_o money_n be_v use_v in_o exchange_n in_o the_o say_a city_n of_o colonia_n as_o in_o antwerp_n and_o the_o same_o also_o be_v in_o use_n in_o amsterdam_n and_o throughout_o the_o netherlands_o chap._n cccxix_o of_o the_o exchange_n of_o lion_n with_o london_n london_n exchange_n of_o lion_n with_o london_n lion_n exchange_v with_o london_n and_o give_v a_o crown_n of_o the_o sun_n to_o have_v in_o london_n posito_fw-la pence_n sterling_a 58_o i_o then_o demand_v for_o crown_n 7693._o 10._o 0._o crown_n of_o the_o sun_n how_o many_o lian_o of_o pound_n sterling_a shall_v i_o have_v in_o london_n work_v the_o same_o as_o in_o the_o precedent_a rule_n and_o account_v from_o lion_n to_o antwerp_n and_o it_o will_v make_v sterling_a pound_n 1859._o 5._o 3._o d._n and_o so_o much_o credit_n shall_v the_o same_o give_v i_o in_o london_n as_o shall_v appear_v by_o example_n follow_v proof_n proof_n the_o proof_n of_o this_o account_n shall_v appear_v when_o i_o come_v to_o the_o exchange_n of_o london_n with_o this_o place_n of_o lion_n roven_n paris_n roven_n here_o also_o be_v to_o be_v note_v that_o the_o account_n be_v calculate_v in_o the_o same_o manner_n when_o either_o pâ—ris_n roven_n or_o any_o other_o part_n of_o france_n do_v exchange_n for_o the_o city_n of_o london_n or_o for_o any_o other_o city_n in_o england_n chap._n cccxx_o of_o the_o exchange_n of_o lion_n with_o francfort_n francfort_n exchange_n of_o lion_n with_o francfort_n lion_n exchange_v with_o francfort_n and_o give_v a_o crown_n of_o the_o sun_n to_o have_v in_o the_o say_a place_n quarentines_n posito_fw-la 95¼_n i_o demand_v for_o 1500_o crown_n of_o
and_o receive_v in_o exchange_n at_o venice_n 380_o term_n of_o payment_n of_o bill_n of_o exchange_n in_o venice_n 381_o exchange_n of_o valentia_n 426_o injurious_a decree_n of_o venice_n against_o the_o trade_n of_o the_o english_a in_o the_o levant_n sea_n 158_o the_o present_a trade_n of_o venice_n survey_v ibid._n w._n the_o world_n divide_v into_o 4_o part_n 1_o the_o weigh-house_n or_o kings-beam_n 36_o weight_n in_o general_n use_v in_o merchandize_v 6_o the_o difference_n of_o weight_n in_o all_o country_n ibid._n two_o manner_n of_o weigh_v in_o use_n ibid._n weigh_v by_o beam_n ibid._n weigh_v by_o stadiero_n ibid._n weight_n be_v authorize_v by_o magistrate_n ibid._n weight_n to_o be_v swear_v ibid._n by_o what_o weight_n the_o weight_n of_o this_o book_n be_v authorize_v ib._n how_o to_o accord_v the_o weight_n of_o any_o two_o several_a place_n ibid._n the_o weight_n of_o spain_n reduce_v to_o the_o english_a hundred_o 120_o woad_n or_o pastel_n of_o tholousa_n 123_o weight_n and_o measure_n of_o france_n reduce_v to_o the_o english_a 134_o weight_n of_o italy_n reduce_v to_o the_o weight_n and_o measure_n of_o london_n 176_o west-frisland_n 180_o weight_n of_o netherlands_o reduce_v to_o the_o weight_n of_o london_n ibid._n westphalia_n 183_o worm_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o 187_o wittenburg_n 186_o westburg_n ibid._n wallen_n a_o famous_a mart_n 196_o wittenburg_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o 198_o weight_n of_o germany_n with_o london_n 207_o weight_n of_o denmark_n with_o london_n 213_o warehouse_n in_o norway_n 216_o weight_n and_o measure_n of_o eastland_n reduce_v to_o that_o of_o england_n 231_o wallacia_n 235_o willowbey_n island_n 262_o wight_n island_n ibid._n wales_n and_o its_o bound_n 268_o wiltshire_n 269_o warwickshire_n ibid._n worcestershire_n ibid._n westmorland_z ibid._n weight_n use_v in_o england_n 271_o y._n ypres_n 279_o yorkshire_n 269_o z._n zone_n five_o 1_o zanibar_n 27_o zagatora_n 36_o zagatai_n and_o the_o province_n 86_o zutphen_n 179_o zealand_n 180_o zuriche_n and_o the_o city_n thereof_o 192_o zante_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o 253_o zeffalonia_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o ibid._n zara_n island_n and_o the_o trade_n thereof_o 255_o nova_n zembla_n 262_o the_o end_n of_o the_o table_n a_o table_n of_o the_o longitude_n and_o latitude_n of_o all_o the_o principal_a city_n mention_v in_o this_o map_n of_o commerce_n  _fw-fr lat._n long._n  _fw-fr d._n m._n d._n m._n a._n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr adrianople_n 42_o 45_o 22_o 45_o alba_n regalis_fw-la 46_o 48_o 42_o 0_o albâ—m_fw-la castrum_fw-la 48_o 35_o 50_o 45_o amsterdam_n 52_o 40_o 27_o 34_o alexandria_n in_o egypt_n 31_o 00_o 60_o 30_o alexandria_n in_o italy_n 43_o 10_o 30_o 00_o alsfild_v in_o hassia_n 51_o 00_o 72_o 00_o abbevile_n in_o picardy_n 49_o 50_o 22_o 30_o amberge_n in_o bohemia_n 49_o 26_o 32_o 40_o ancona_n 43_o 22_o 39_o 40_o antioch_n 37_o 20_o 70_o 15_o antwerp_n 51_o 58_o 26_o 36_o acquilla_n 43_o 30_o 38_o 20_o argentina_n 48_o 45_o 28_o 14_o angusta_fw-la 47_o 42_o 33_o 00_o angler_n 47_o 25_o 18_o 10_o avignon_n 44_o 40_o 22_o 40_o aleppo_n 38_o 00_o 72_o 30_o arm_v 41_o 00_o 76_o 00_o ava_n 27_o 50_o 142_o 30_o agacles_n 30_o 00_o 66_o 33_o agasimba_n 7_o 00_o 24_o 0_o algiers_n 25_o 20_o 30_o 0_o almara_n s._n l._n 30_o 00_o 63_o 30_o angola_n s._n l._n 07_o 00_o 45_o 10_o asna_n 25_o 00_o 66_o 30_o ascentia_n s._n l._n 19_o 00_o 363_o 20_o santa_n anna_n s._n l._n 27_o 30_o 318_o 30_o b._n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr boriquen_n s._n l._n 19_o 40_o 273_o 20_o bangamodrum_fw-la 06_o 00_o 62_o 36_o bernagasum_fw-la 13_o 00_o 70_o 0_o benomotapa_n 26_o 00_o 55_o 0_o bona_fw-la 35_o 40_o 37_o 10_o brava_n  _fw-fr 30_o 74_o 30_o bugia_n 35_o 10_o 34_o 30_o babylon_n 33_o 00_o 82_o 20_o bethlem_n 31_o 50_o 65_o 45_o baccu_fw-la 42_o 00_o 88_o 50_o bulgar_a 54_o 30_o 88_o 30_o bengala_n 21_o 20_o 125_o 10_o bensanson_n 46_o 30_o 20_o 30_o burges_n 46_o 20_o 22_o 10_o buda_n 47_o 00_o 42_o 0_o bordeaux_n 44_o 30_o 17_o 50_o bologna_n 43_o 33_o 35_o 50_o basil_n 47_o 40_o 31_o 0_o c._n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr constantinople_n 43_o 05_o 56_o 0_o cales_n 37_o  _fw-fr 05_o 10_o conimbre_n 40_o 00_o 11_o 25_o collen_n 51_o 00_o 30_o 30_o copenhagen_n 56_o 50_o 34_o 30_o corâ—nth_n 36_o 55_o 51_o 15_o cracovia_n 50_o 12_o 42_o 40_o cane_n 49_o 42_o 19_o 20_o compostella_n 20_o  _fw-fr 06_o  _fw-fr caminetsa_n 50_o 40_o 50_o 20_o calicut_n 10_o 38_o 112_o 40_o casan_n 35_o 10_o 96_o 10_o cappha_fw-la 48_o 00_o 68_o 5d_o cambalu_n 51_o 10_o 161_o 10_o cambaia_fw-la 11_o 40_o 142_o 20_o cantan_n 25_o  _fw-fr 149_o 00_o chile_n s._n l._n 36_o  _fw-fr 299_o 30_o coanum_n 31_o  _fw-fr 259_o 40_o canada_n 50_o 20_o 305_o 10_o cartagena_n nova_fw-la 20_o 10_o 300_o  _fw-fr casco_n s._n l._n 13_o 30_o 297_o 20_o caxamalca_n s._n l._n 11_o 30_o 298_o 30_o cuba_n 31_o 40_o 296_o  _fw-fr capua_n 41_o  _fw-fr 39_o 10_o carenge_n 31_o 50_o 31_o 48_o cairo_n 29_o 50_o 63_o  _fw-fr cesena_n 43_o 40_o 34_o 40_o cephalonia_n 37_o 10_o 47_o 10_o colmar_n 48_o 12_o 26_o 0_o constance_n 47_o 30_o 28_o 30_o cordova_n 37_o 50_o 28_o 0_o corfu_n 38_o 45_o 45_o 10_o corsica_n island_n 40_o 50_o 31_o 0_o crema_fw-la 44_o 20_o 31_o 15_o cremona_n 44_o 40_o 32_o 25_o cyprus_n 35_o 30_o 65_o 30_o cuma_n 41_o 40_o 41_o 0_o cap_n bona_fw-la speransa_fw-la s._n l._n 35_o 00_o 50_o 30_o cape_n verde_v 40_o 10_o 9_o 50_o d._n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr dabul_n 31_o 00_o 112_o 20_o damascus_n 35_o  _fw-fr 69_o  _fw-fr douai_n 50_o 30_o 25_o  _fw-fr dole_n 46_o 10_o 27_o 0_o dublin_n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr dort_n 44_o 0_o 30â—_n  _fw-fr dantsick_a 54_o 44_o 44_o 15_o dresden_n 51_o 00_o 23_o 45_o dirraccium_n 40_o 50_o 54_o 0_o decan_n 14_o 00_o 113_o 20_o dell_fw-it 5_o 00_o 114_o 19_o damieta_n 32_o 40_o 69_o 00_o dara_n 12_o 0_o 66_o 50_o dancali_n 17_o 10_o 66_o 50_o e._n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr edinburgh_n 58_o 00_o 19_o 20_o ephesus_n 37_o 40_o 57_o 40_o erford_n 51_o 10_o 34_o  _fw-fr epidauro_n 36_o 25_o 51_o 45_o f._n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr francford_n upon_o other_o 50_o 30_o  _fw-fr 24_o francford_n upon_o mentz_n 50_o 30_o  _fw-fr 30_o florence_n 34_o  _fw-fr 43_o  _fw-fr ferara_n 36_o  _fw-fr 44_o  _fw-fr friburg_n 48_o 13_o 28_o  _fw-fr famagusta_n 30_o 30_o 69_o 20_o fassum_fw-la 45_o 40_o 57_o 50_o favencia_fw-la 43_o 40_o 35_o 20_o fess_n 34_o 30_o 5_o 30_o flanders_n 52_o 30_o 22_o 45_o g._n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr guatimala_n 24_o 20_o 303_o  _fw-fr guaiachil_n s._n l._n 2_o 30_o 294_o 30_o goa_n 14_o 40_o 112_o 20_o gaza_n 33_o  _fw-fr 70_o 50_o guinea_n s._n l._n 9_o 10_o 18_o  _fw-fr guangala_n 25_o 50_o 37_o 30_o goaga_n 22_o  _fw-fr 55_o  _fw-fr geneva_n 45_o 45_o 28_o  _fw-fr granado_n 37_o 30_o 17_o 15_o genoa_n 15_o 20_o 45_o 20_o gaieta_n 40_o 50_o 38_o 20_o gallipoli_n 41_o 30_o 45_o 10_o gelderland_n 52_o 20_o 27_o 40_o gotland_n 60_o 00_o 48_o  _fw-fr golmon_n 54_o 6_o 33_o 54_o gorlit_n 51_o  _fw-fr 34_o 45_o gulich_n 52_o 0_o 27_o 30_o h._n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr hidleberg_n 49_o 25_o 33_o  _fw-fr havana_n 20_o 0_o 292_o 10_o hochlaga_fw-la 44_o 10_o 300_o 50_o hamburg_n 54_o 20_o 30_o 15_o hamaria_n in_o norway_n 60_o  _fw-fr 31_o 45_o halbestad_v 52_o 11_o 35_o 20_o i._n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr jerusalem_n 31_o 40_o 66_o  _fw-fr ireland_n the_o midst_n 57_o  _fw-fr 12_o  _fw-fr ingolstad_n 48_o 42_o 31_o 20_o jamaica_n 17_o 0_o 298_o 30_o st._n jaco_n 32_o 10_o 298_o 10_o isabel_n 10_o  _fw-fr 10_o 32_o india_n the_o midst_n 28_o  _fw-fr 105_o 40_o jericho_n 33_o  _fw-fr 73_o  _fw-fr l._n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr london_n 51_o 30_o 20_o  _fw-fr leiden_fw-mi 52_o 10_o 27_o 20_o lion_n 44_o 30_o 25_o 40_o louvain_n 51_o  _fw-fr 23_o  _fw-fr lisbon_n 38_o 50_o 10_o 50_o leigh_n 50_o 30_o 29_o  _fw-fr liampo_n 34_o 40_o 160_o 20_o lima_n s._n l._n 23_o 30_o 296_o 40_o lucaio_n 30_o 0_o 299_o 27_o lansano_n 47_o 40_o 35_o 30_o leoburg_n 54_o 10_o 28_o 2_o legorn_n 42_o 12_o 33_o 10_o louvain_n 51_o 0_o 26_o 45_o lubeck_n 54_o 48_o 34_o 0_o lucca_n 42_o 40_o 32_o 40_o luneburg_n 54_o 40_o 34_o 20_o lucern_n 46_o 34_o 26_o 0_o lipsick_a 51_o 25_o 35_o 45_o m._n  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr  _fw-fr maragna_n 19_o 30_o 281_o 30_o margarita_n 10_o 50_o 314_o 10_o martha_n 10_o 40_o 301_o 20_o st._n michael_n s._n l._n 6_o 10_o 291_o 40_o st._n michael_n 27_o 20_o 327_o 10_o mexico_n 38_o 30_o 283_o  _fw-fr madagascar_n s._n l._n 19_o  _fw-fr 77_o  _fw-fr
21_o 2_o 23_o 2_o 23_o 2_o 21_o 2_o 23_o 2_o 22_o 2_o 23_o 2_o 22_o 2_o 23_o 2_o 23_o 2_o 22_o 2_o 23_o 2_o 22_o 3_o 24_o 3_o 24_o 3_o 22_o 3_o 24_o 3_o 23_o 3_o 24_o 3_o 23_o 3_o 24_o 3_o 24_o 3_o 23_o 3_o 24_o 3_o 23_o 4_o 25_o 4_o 25_o 4_o 23_o 4_o 25_o 4_o 24_o 4_o 25_o 4_o 24_o 4_o 25_o 4_o 25_o 4_o 24_o 4_o 25_o 4_o 24_o 5_o 26_o 5_o 26_o 5_o 24_o 5_o 26_o 5_o 25_o 5_o 26_o 5_o 25_o 5_o 26_o 5_o 26_o 5_o 25_o 5_o 26_o 5_o 25_o 6_o 27_o 6_o 27_o 6_o 25_o 6_o 27_o 6_o 26_o 6_o 27_o 6_o 26_o 6_o 27_o 6_o 27_o 6_o 26_o 6_o 27_o 6_o 26_o 7_o 28_o 7_o 28_o 7_o 26_o 7_o 28_o 7_o 27_o 7_o 28_o 7_o 27_o 7_o 28_o 7_o 28_o 7_o 27_o 7_o 28_o 7_o 27_o 8_o 29_o 8_o 29_o 8_o 27_o 8_o 29_o 8_o 28_o 8_o 29_o 8_o 28_o 8_o 29_o 8_o 29_o 8_o 28_o 8_o 29_o 8_o 28_o 9_o 30_o 9_o 30_o 9_o 28_o 9_o 30_o 9_o 29_o 9_o 30_o 9_o 29_o 9_o 30_o 9_o 30_o 9_o 29_o 9_o 30_o 9_o 29_o 10_o 31_o 10_o 31_o 10_o 29_o 10_o 31_o 10_o 30_o 10_o 31_o 10_o 30_o 10_o 31_o 10_o 31_o 10_o 30_o 10_o 31_o 10_o 30_o 11_o ja._n 1_o 11_o fe._n 1_o 11_o ma._n 1_o 11_o ap._n 1_o 11_o ma._n 1_o 11_o ju._n 1_o 11_o jul._n 1_o 11_o au._n 1_o 11_o sep._n 1_o 11_o oc._n 1_o 11_o no._n 1_o 11_o dec._n 1_o 12_o 2_o 12_o 2_o 12_o 2_o 12_o 2_o 12_o 2_o 12_o 2_o 12_o 2_o 12_o 2_o 12_o 2_o 12_o 2_o 12_o 2_o 12_o 2_o 13_o 3_o 13_o 3_o 13_o 3_o 13_o 3_o 13_o 3_o 13_o 3_o 13_o 3_o 13_o 3_o 13_o 3_o 13_o 3_o 13_o 3_o 13_o 3_o 14_o 4_o 14_o 4_o 14_o 4_o 14_o 4_o 14_o 4_o 14_o 4_o 14_o 4_o 14_o 4_o 14_o 4_o 14_o 4_o 14_o 4_o 14_o 4_o 15_o 5_o 15_o 5_o 15_o 5_o 15_o 5_o 15_o 5_o 15_o 5_o 15_o 5_o 15_o 5_o 15_o 5_o 15_o 5_o 15_o 5_o 15_o 5_o 16_o 6_o 16_o 6_o 16_o 6_o 16_o 6_o 16_o 6_o 16_o 6_o 16_o 6_o 16_o 6_o 16_o 6_o 16_o 6_o 16_o 6_o 16_o 6_o 17_o 7_o 17_o 7_o 17_o 7_o 17_o 7_o 17_o 7_o 17_o 7_o 17_o 7_o 17_o 7_o 17_o 7_o 17_o 7_o 17_o 7_o 17_o 7_o 18_o 8_o 18_o 8_o 18_o 8_o 18_o 8_o 18_o 8_o 18_o 8_o 18_o 8_o 18_o 8_o 18_o 8_o 18_o 8_o 18_o 8_o 18_o 8_o 19_o 9_o 19_o 9_o 19_o 9_o 19_o 9_o 19_o 9_o 19_o 9_o 19_o 9_o 19_o 9_o 19_o 9_o 19_o 9_o 19_o 9_o 19_o 9_o 20_o 10_o 20_o 10_o 20_o 10_o 20_o 10_o 20_o 10_o 20_o 10_o 20_o 10_o 20_o 10_o 20_o 10_o 20_o 10_o 20_o 10_o 20_o 10_o 21_o 11_o 21_o 11_o 21_o 11_o 21_o 11_o 21_o 11_o 21_o 11_o 21_o 11_o 21_o 11_o 21_o 11_o 21_o 11_o 21_o 11_o 21_o 11_o 22_o 12_o 22_o 12_o 22_o 12_o 22_o 12_o 22_o 12_o 22_o 12_o 22_o 12_o 22_o 12_o 22_o 12_o 22_o 12_o 22_o 12_o 22_o 12_o 23_o 13_o 23_o 13_o 23_o 13_o 23_o 13_o 23_o 13_o 23_o 13_o 23_o 13_o 23_o 13_o 23_o 13_o 23_o 13_o 23_o 13_o 23_o 13_o 24_o 14_o 24_o 14_o 24_o 14_o 24_o 14_o 24_o 14_o 24_o 14_o 24_o 14_o 24_o 14_o 24_o 14_o 24_o 14_o 24_o 14_o 24_o 14_o 25_o 15_o 25_o 15_o 25_o 15_o 25_o 15_o 25_o 15_o 25_o 15_o 25_o 15_o 25_o 15_o 25_o 15_o 25_o 15_o 25_o 15_o 25_o 15_o 26_o 16_o 26_o 16_o 26_o 16_o 26_o 16_o 26_o 16_o 26_o 16_o 26_o 16_o 26_o 16_o 26_o 16_o 26_o 16_o 26_o 16_o 26_o 16_o 27_o 17_o 27_o 17_o 27_o 17_o 27_o 17_o 27_o 17_o 27_o 17_o 27_o 17_o 27_o 17_o 27_o 17_o 27_o 17_o 27_o 17_o 27_o 17_o 28_o 18_o 28_o 18_o 28_o 18_o 28_o 18_o 28_o 18_o 28_o 18_o 28_o 18_o 28_o 18_o 28_o 18_o 28_o 18_o 28_o 18_o 28_o 18_o 29_o 19_o 29_o 19_o 29_o 19_o 29_o 19_o 29_o 19_o 29_o 19_o 29_o 19_o 29_o 19_o 29_o 19_o 29_o 19_o 29_o 19_o 29_o 19_o 30_o 20_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr 30_o 20_o 30_o 20_o 30_o 20_o 30_o 20_o 30_o 20_o 30_o 20_o 30_o 20_o 30_o 20_o 30_o 20_o 30_o 20_o 31_o 21_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr 31_o 21_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr 31_o 21_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr 31_o 21_o 31_o 21_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr 31_o 21_o  _fw-fr  _fw-fr 31_o 21_o short_a instruction_n how_o to_o keep_v merchant_n book_n of_o account_n after_o the_o italian_a manner_n 1._o money_n pay_v when_o you_o pay_v any_o money_n to_o any_o body_n make_v the_o person_n debtor_n and_o the_o account_n of_o cash_n creditor_n 2._o money_n receive_v for_o money_n receive_v make_v the_o account_n of_o cash_n debtor_n and_o the_o person_n of_o who_o it_o be_v receive_v creditor_n 3._o good_n buy_v for_o ready_a mony_n when_o good_n be_v buy_v for_o ready_a money_n make_v the_o account_n of_o good_n debtor_n and_o cash_n creditor_n 4._o good_n sell_v for_o ready_a mony_n when_o good_n be_v sell_v for_o ready_a money_n make_v the_o account_n of_o cash_n debtor_n and_o the_o good_n creditor_n 5._o good_n buy_v at_o time_n when_o good_n be_v buy_v at_o time_n then_o make_v the_o account_n of_o the_o good_n debtor_n and_o the_o person_n of_o who_o they_o be_v buy_v creditor_n 6._o good_n sell_v at_o time_n when_o good_n be_v sell_v at_o time_n then_o make_v the_o account_n of_o the_o person_n debtor_n and_o the_o good_n creditor_n 7._o good_n buy_a one_o part_n at_o time_n and_o the_o rest_n for_o ready_a mony_n good_n buy_a one_o part_n for_o ready_a money_n and_o the_o rest_n at_o time_n must_v be_v divide_v in_o two_o part_n namely_o first_o the_o good_n must_v be_v make_v debtor_n for_o the_o whole_a sum_n and_o the_o person_n of_o who_o they_o be_v buy_v creditor_n second_o as_o much_o as_o be_v pay_v in_o ready_a money_n you_o must_v make_v the_o person_n debtor_n and_o cash_n creditor_n 8._o good_n sell_a one_o part_v for_o ready_a money_n and_o the_o rest_n at_o time_n good_n sell_a one_o part_v for_o ready_a money_n the_o rest_n at_o time_n first_o you_o must_v make_v the_o person_n debtor_n for_o the_o whole_a sum_n and_o afterward_o the_o good_n creditor_n than_o you_o must_v make_v the_o cash_n debtor_n for_o so_o much_o as_o you_o receive_v in_o ready_a money_n and_o the_o person_n creditor_n for_o the_o rest_n 9_o money_n pay_v for_o good_n before_o it_o be_v due_a when_o you_o have_v buy_v any_o good_n at_o time_n and_o afterward_o you_o agree_v with_o the_o person_n which_o sell_v you_o the_o good_n to_o pay_v your_o money_n before_o it_o be_v due_a with_o rebate_n or_o discount_n than_o you_o must_v make_v the_o person_n debtor_n as_o follow_v viz._n to_o cash_n for_o so_o much_o as_o you_o pay_v he_o and_o to_o profit_n and_o loss_n for_o the_o rebatement_n or_o allowance_n for_o the_o discount_n 10._o good_n sell_v in_o barter_n for_o other_o when_o you_o sell_v good_n in_o barter_n for_o other_o than_o you_o must_v make_v the_o good_n which_o you_o receive_v debtor_n to_o the_o good_n which_o you_o deliver_v receive_v before_o you_o write_v and_o write_v before_o you_o pay_v and_o so_o a_o good_a account_n be_v sure_a to_o keep_v you_o may_v finis_fw-la england_n benefit_n and_o advantage_n by_o forein-trade_n plain_o demonstrate_v dedicate_v to_o the_o merchant-adventurer_n of_o england_n by_o tho._n mun_n merchant_n london_n print_v for_o tho._n horn_n at_o the_o south-entrance_n into_o the_o royal-exchange_n mdcc_o england_n treasure_n by_o foreign_a trade_n or_o the_o balance_n of_o our_o foreign_a trade_n be_v the_o rule_n of_o our_o treasure_n my_o son_n in_o a_o former_a discourse_n i_o have_v endeavour_v after_o my_o manner_n brief_o to_o teach_v thou_o two_o thing_n the_o first_o be_v piety_n how_o to_o fear_v god_n aright_o according_a to_o his_o work_n and_o word_n the_o second_o be_v policy_n how_o to_o love_n and_o serve_v thy_o country_n by_o instruct_v thou_o in_o the_o duty_n and_o proceed_n of_o sundry_a vocation_n which_o either_o order_n or_o else_o act_v the_o affair_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n in_o which_o as_o some_o thing_n do_v especial_o tend_v to_o preserve_v and_o other_o be_v more_o apt_a to_o enlarge_v the_o same_o so_o be_o i_o now_o to_o speak_v of_o money_n which_o do_v indifferent_o serve_v to_o both_o these_o happy_a end_n wherein_o i_o will_v observe_v this_o order_n first_o to_o show_v the_o general_a mean_n whereby_o a_o kingdom_n may_v be_v enrich_v and_o then_o proceed_v to_o those_o particular_a course_n by_o which_o prince_n be_v accustom_v to_o be_v supply_v with_o treasure_n but_o first_o of_o all_o i_o will_v say_v something_o of_o the_o merchant_n because_o be_v must_v be_v a_o principal_a agent_n in_o this_o great_a business_n chap._n i._n the_o quality_n which_o be_v require_v in_o a_o perfect_a merchant_n of_o foreign_a