procure_v by_o merchant_n by_o or_o under_o the_o three_o essential_a part_n of_o traffic_n either_o by_o commodity_n or_o by_o money_n or_o by_o exchange_n of_o money_n according_a to_o every_o man_n profession_n and_o occasion_n in_o the_o course_n of_o trade_n some_o by_o commodity_n only_o other_o by_o money_n &_o other_o by_o exchange_n for_o money_n or_o by_o all_o three_o mean_n trade_n three_o mean_n of_o trade_n or_o some_o of_o they_o which_o yield_v most_o benefit_n as_o we_o shall_v declare_v in_o the_o sequel_n of_o this_o discourse_n in_o plain_a and_o significant_a word_n fit_a for_o every_o man_n understanding_n without_o affectation_n of_o superficiary_a term_n of_o art_n by_o demonstrative_a reason_n and_o infallible_a argument_n illustrate_v by_o simile_n notwithstanding_o the_o refuter_n objection_n which_o i_o intend_v to_o answer_v as_o they_o shall_v occur_v unto_o i_o have_v by_o this_o index_n purgatorius_fw-la dissolve_v some_o frantic_a disease_n of_o his_o brain_n which_o may_v have_v obscure_v the_o thing_n material_a of_o this_o important_a business_n thus_o have_v resolve_v to_o contain_v myself_o within_o the_o circle_n of_o modesty_n remember_v the_o say_n of_o socrates_n if_o a_o ass_n kick_v thou_o will_v thou_o kick_v he_o again_o i_o be_o only_a to_o address_v some_o few_o speech_n unto_o he_o by_o way_n of_o imitation_n alas_o poor_a man_n you_o do_v so_o often_o deplore_v my_o ignorance_n by_o these_o word_n to_o extol_v your_o learning_n who_o be_v never_o graduate_v in_o school_n do_v you_o think_v to_o conjure_v i_o within_o the_o circuit_n of_o your_o circle_n wherein_o you_o be_v enclose_v i_o be_o not_o to_o follow_v your_o method_n of_o circulation_n especial_o when_o you_o strive_v to_o commend_v and_o make_v good_a that_o within_o book_n which_o be_v never_o in_o question_n and_o malicious_o urge_v some_o thing_n without_o book_n that_o be_v never_o mean_v by_o word_n nor_o writing_n to_o be_v defend_v neither_o can_v i_o be_v draw_v from_o the_o matter_n by_o your_o meander_n or_o excursion_n and_o vain_a disputation_n de_fw-fr lana_fw-la caprina_fw-la you_o do_v embrace_v with_o ixion_n a_o cloud_n for_o juno_n and_o with_o narcissus_n love_v your_o own_o shadow_n for_o a_o water_n nymph_n leave_v your_o profanation_n of_o god_n word_n in_o your_o passionate_a writing_n for_o the_o high_a point_n of_o knowledge_n be_v to_o know_v that_o we_o know_v nothing_o and_o so_o i_o end_v with_o a_o observation_n only_o of_o such_o other_o absurdity_n as_o be_v fit_a to_o be_v note_v for_o the_o better_a understanding_n of_o the_o matter_n to_o be_v entreat_v of_o the_o content_n of_o the_o five_o chapter_n or_o zone_n chap._n 1._o that_o exchange_n for_o money_n by_o bill_n of_o exchange_n be_v the_o public_a measure_n between_o the_o realm_n of_o england_n and_o other_o country_n place_v under_o the_o arctic_a circle_n chap._n 2._o that_o the_o money_n of_o the_o realm_n be_v undervalue_v in_o exchange_n between_o we_o and_o other_o country_n in_o the_o tropic_n of_o cancer_n chap._n 3._o that_o gain_n be_v the_o centre_n of_o the_o circle_n of_o commerce_n and_o that_o the_o undervaluation_n of_o our_o money_n in_o exchange_n be_v the_o efficient_a cause_n of_o the_o overballance_a of_o trade_n place_v in_o the_o equinoctial_a chap._n 4._o a_o examination_n of_o the_o centre_n of_o commerce_n in_o the_o trade_n from_o england_n into_o other_o country_n place_v in_o the_o tropic_n of_o capricorn_n chap._n 5._o the_o mean_n to_o balance_v the_o trade_n of_o england_n by_o the_o say_a centre_n or_o the_o remedy_n against_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o decay_n thereof_o place_v in_o the_o antarctic_a circle_n chap._n i._n that_o exchange_n for_o money_n by_o bill_n of_o exchange_n be_v the_o public_a measure_n between_o the_o realm_n of_o england_n and_o other_o country_n enter_v into_o the_o first_o zone_n or_o arctic_a circle_n of_o the_o north_n let_v we_o direct_v our_o compass_n according_a to_o this_o north_n star_n of_o the_o public_a measure_n between_o we_o and_o other_o nation_n and_o so_o proceed_v methodical_o there_o be_v no_o rule_n so_o general_a in_o any_o thing_n which_o admit_v not_o some_o exception_n but_o to_o ground_v any_o thing_n upon_o a_o exception_n and_o to_o leave_v the_o general_a rule_n be_v never_o do_v by_o any_o man_n of_o judgement_n all_o misseldens_n contradiction_n be_v ground_v upon_o exception_n and_o the_o general_a rule_n be_v neglect_v as_o for_o example_n the_o ship_n name_v the_o dragon_n come_v from_o the_o east_n indies_n absurdity_n misseldens_n absurdity_n be_v drive_v by_o necessity_n to_o sail_v a_o great_a part_n of_o her_o way_n without_o a_o rudder_n 22._o p._n 22._o shall_v we_o make_v a_o rule_n hereof_o and_o sail_v without_o a_o rudder_n or_o compass_n statesman_n have_v observe_v for_o a_o general_a rule_n that_o the_o inhaunce_n of_o the_o coin_n do_v general_o raise_v the_o price_n of_o commodity_n shall_v we_o term_v this_o a_o fallacy_n 39_o p._n 39_o because_o that_o the_o linen_n in_o germany_n have_v these_o two_o or_o three_o year_n last_o come_v thence_o so_o cheap_a notwithstanding_o they_o be_v buy_v with_o money_n give_v out_o at_o high_a rate_n especial_o when_o intestine_a war_n make_v thing_n good_a cheap_a as_o mounseur_fw-fr bodine_n have_v observe_v in_o france_n and_o other_o place_n again_o when_o the_o price_n of_o commodity_n be_v raise_v general_o with_o the_o price_n of_o money_n enhance_v 25._o p._n 25._o shall_v we_o contradict_v the_o same_o because_o one_o commodity_n as_o clove_n be_v not_o rise_v but_o sell_v as_o a_o staple_n ware_n likewise_o when_o money_n be_v not_o import_v when_o there_o be_v a_o loss_n by_o the_o bring_n of_o they_o again_o money_n decay_v of_o their_o price_n be_v import_v again_o shall_v we_o deny_v this_o principle_n when_o money_n be_v bring_v in_o be_v decry_v or_o make_v bullion_n beyond_o the_o sea_n as_o the_o jacobus_n and_o other_o coin_n have_v be_v of_o late_a in_o holland_n and_o those_o part_n which_o cause_v some_o quantity_n for_o a_o time_n to_o be_v import_v again_o when_o general_o all_o divine_n do_v interpret_v and_o understand_v the_o hebrew_n word_n neshech_n to_o be_v the_o bite_n of_o a_o dog_n or_o a_o gnaw_a as_o a_o dog_n do_v upon_o a_o bone_n concern_v usury_n which_o the_o learned_a doctor_n felton_n now_o bishop_n of_o ely_n and_o doctor_n wilson_n the_o civilian_n have_v so_o plain_o expound_v in_o their_o two_o treatise_n of_o usury_n 44._o p._n 44._o shall_v we_o disallow_v hereof_o because_o one_o rabbi_n bechai_n do_v take_v it_o to_o be_v the_o bite_n or_o suck_v of_o a_o serpent_n the_o general_a trade_n all_o the_o world_n over_o be_v make_v by_o the_o rule_n and_o square_v of_o money_n which_o be_v therefore_o call_v publica_fw-la mensura_fw-la in_o all_o country_n where_o money_n be_v use_v to_o set_v a_o price_n unto_o all_o commodity_n now_o albeit_o that_o there_o be_v some_o country_n where_o they_o have_v no_o money_n but_o commodity_n be_v barter_v by_o way_n of_o commutation_n in_o kind_n shall_v we_o abandon_v therefore_o the_o general_a rule_n or_o institution_n of_o money_n and_o judge_v by_o the_o particular_a or_o exception_n absit_fw-la ignorantiâ—_n misselden_n do_v confess_v 20._o p._n 20._o that_o money_n be_v the_o public_a measure_n between_o man_n and_o man_n but_o exchange_n for_o money_n he_o utter_o deni_v to_o be_v so_o between_o we_o and_o foreign_a nation_n this_o assume_v opinion_n of_o he_o by_o a_o certain_a chimaera_n swim_v in_o his_o brain_n may_v find_v some_o kind_n of_o entertainment_n in_o a_o weak_a man_n judgement_n if_o the_o law_n of_o the_o kingdom_n do_v not_o prohibit_v the_o transportation_n of_o money_n but_o where_o money_n be_v forbid_v to_o be_v carry_v out_o there_o must_v of_o necessity_n some_o other_o mean_n be_v find_v to_o answer_v the_o same_o unless_o we_o shall_v return_v again_o to_o the_o commutation_n of_o commodity_n in_o kind_n and_o then_o money_n will_v not_o be_v useful_a and_o this_o be_v the_o beginning_n of_o exchange_n for_o money_n this_o exchange_n for_o money_n can_v be_v otherwise_o but_o with_o a_o consideration_n of_o the_o very_a value_n of_o the_o material_n whereof_o the_o money_n be_v make_v for_o we_o do_v not_o exchange_v for_o cockle_n shell_n so_o that_o the_o inward_a value_n of_o silver_n and_o gold_n by_o weight_n be_v the_o foundation_n of_o this_o exchange_n as_o shall_v be_v declare_v and_o consequent_o this_o exchange_n be_v the_o public_a measure_n which_o all_o man_n will_v confess_v and_o to_o apply_v the_o common_a say_n 13._o p._n 13._o mendacem_fw-la oportet_fw-la esse_fw-la memorem_fw-la by_o way_n of_o retortion_n his_o own_o argument_n like_a unto_o goliath_n sword_n will_v convince_v he_o and_o take_v away_o the_o breath_n of_o his_o wilful_a opinion_n for_o
conclusion_n in_o the_o government_n of_o state-affair_n wherein_o he_o be_v a_o mere_a novice_n but_o my_o intention_n be_v to_o be_v brief_a and_o substantial_a to_o end_v therefore_o this_o matter_n of_o balance_n it_o may_v be_v think_v strange_a that_o some_o man_n will_v be_v seduce_v thereby_o 52._o discourse_v of_o the_o east_n india_n trade_n by_o t._n m._n p._n 49._o 52._o and_o give_v bridle_n to_o the_o present_a course_n of_o trade_n expect_v a_o overballance_n to_o happen_v on_o our_o side_n without_o remove_v of_o the_o cause_n after_o they_o have_v speak_v well_o concern_v exchange_n although_o they_o confess_v to_o be_v a_o ground_n as_o a_o matter_n much_o too_o high_a for_o their_o handle_n say_v that_o the_o abuse_n thereof_o be_v very_o prejudicial_a unto_o this_o kingdom_n in_o particular_a whilst_o in_o the_o interim_n the_o benefit_n do_v arise_v unto_o other_o country_n who_o diligent_o observe_v the_o price_n whereby_o the_o money_n be_v exchange_v may_v take_v advantage_n to_o carry_v away_o the_o gold_n and_o silver_n of_o this_o realm_n at_o those_o time_n when_o the_o rate_n of_o our_o starlin_n money_n in_o exchange_n be_v under_o the_o value_n of_o that_o standard_n unto_o which_o place_n they_o be_v convey_v for_o in_o respect_n the_o price_n of_o the_o exchange_n do_v rise_v and_o fall_v according_a to_o the_o plenty_n and_o scarcity_n of_o money_n which_o be_v to_o be_v take_v up_o or_o deliver_v out_o the_o exchange_n be_v hereby_o rather_o become_v a_o trade_n for_o some_o great_a moneyed_a man_n than_o a_o furtherance_n and_o accommodation_n of_o recall_v trade_n of_o merchant_n as_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v in_o the_o true_a use_n thereof_o and_o thus_o many_o time_n money_n may_v be_v make_v over_o hither_o by_o stranger_n to_o a_o good_a gain_n and_o present_o carry_v beyond_o the_o sea_n to_o a_o second_o profit_n and_o yet_o the_o mischief_n end_v not_o here_o for_o by_o these_o mean_v the_o taker_n up_o of_o money_n in_o foreign_a country_n must_v necessary_o drive_v a_o trade_n to_o those_o place_n from_o whence_o they_o draw_v their_o money_n and_o so_o do_v fill_v we_o up_o with_o foreign_a commodity_n without_o the_o vent_n of_o our_o own_o ware_n etc._n etc._n and_o thus_o we_o see_v how_o the_o overballance_n of_o commodity_n be_v proceed_v from_o the_o abuse_n of_o exchange_n which_o over-rule_v money_n and_o money_n over-rule_v commodity_n as_o heretofore_o be_v manifest_o declare_v that_o the_o underualuation_n of_o our_o money_n in_o exchange_n be_v the_o efficient_a cause_n of_o the_o overballance_a of_o trade_n overballance_a vnderualuation_n of_o our_o money_n inexchange_n be_v the_o efficient_a cause_n of_o the_o overballance_a do_v appear_v upon_o the_o consideration_n of_o the_o cause_n depend_v one_o upon_o another_o enforce_v by_o this_o primum-mobill_a as_o follow_v 1._o the_o underualuation_n of_o our_o money_n in_o exchange_n 2._o proceed_v of_o the_o inhaunce_n of_o money_n beyond_o the_o sea_n which_o cause_v 3._o by_o gain_n the_o transportation_n of_o our_o money_n 4._o and_o debar_v by_o loss_n to_o be_v sustain_v the_o importation_n of_o money_n and_o bullion_n 5._o hinder_v also_o the_o bring_n of_o royal_n of_o 8._o unto_o we_o be_v otherwise_o diver_v 6._o the_o foreign_a commodity_n be_v rise_v in_o price_n according_a to_o the_o money_n enhance_v 7._o the_o native_a commodity_n be_v in_o price_n undervalue_v according_a to_o the_o undervaluation_n of_o our_o money_n all_o which_o be_v fearful_a effect_n for_o the_o treasure_n be_v exhaunce_v the_o realm_n impoverish_v and_o money_n be_v make_v a_o merchandise_n and_o this_o can_v be_v cure_v but_o by_o the_o contrary_a as_o shall_v be_v declare_v in_o the_o remedy_n hitherto_o we_o have_v observe_v and_o manifest_o prove_v first_o that_o exchange_n be_v the_o public_a measure_n between_o england_n and_o all_o place_n where_o we_o deal_v by_o exchange_n second_o that_o the_o money_n of_o the_o realm_n be_v undervalue_v in_o exchange_n between_o we_o and_o other_o country_n and_o three_o that_o gain_n be_v the_o centre_n of_o the_o circle_n of_o commerce_n and_o that_o the_o say_a underualuation_n be_v the_o efficient_a cause_n of_o the_o overballance_a of_o trade_n and_o withal_o we_o have_v show_v that_o 〈◊〉_d conceit_a balance_n of_o trade_n propose_v by_o misselden_n can_v be_v but_o a_o trial_n and_o discovery_n of_o the_o overballance_a of_o trade_n without_o that_o it_o can_v produce_v any_o other_o benefit_n to_o the_o commonwealth_n by_o his_o last_o balance_n we_o may_v perceive_v that_o all_o the_o commodity_n export_v and_o the_o commodity_n import_v yearly_a do_v amount_v unto_o five_o million_o or_o fifty_o hundred_o thousand_o pound_n according_a to_o our_o observation_n in_o the_o canker_n of_o england_n commonwealth_n now_o if_o the_o loss_n by_o exchange_n be_v but_o ten_o upon_o the_o hundred_o which_o we_o have_v prove_v above_o threescore_o and_o ten_o it_o will_v amount_v to_o five_o hundred_o thousand_o pound_n yearly_a 37._o p._n 37._o the_o loss_n whereof_o be_v great_a to_o the_o kingdom_n than_o all_o the_o money_n employ_v to_o the_o east_n indies_n come_v unto_o loss_n a_o incredible_a loss_n which_o misselden_n affirm_v to_o be_v a_o abominable_a untrueth_n which_o i_o can_v but_o retort_v upon_o he_o because_o he_o be_v unfortunate_a to_o find_v out_o the_o truth_n as_o shall_v be_v make_v more_o plain_a in_o the_o follow_a chapter_n for_o he_o be_v in_o league_n with_o equivocation_n in_o all_o his_o refutation_n which_o challenge_v to_o be_v cusen_n german_n to_o truth_n make_v his_o speech_n a_o centaur_n half_o a_o man_n half_o a_o horse_n or_o like_o one_o of_o the_o brood_n of_o nilus_n half_a earth_n half_a frog_n a_o thing_n both_o shapeless_a and_o shape_v in_o one_o mixture_n which_o it_o thus_o distinguish_v by_o the_o equinoctial_a in_o this_o place_n chap._n four_o a_o examination_n of_o the_o centre_n of_o commerce_n in_o the_o trade_n from_o england_n into_o other_o country_n the_o tropic_n of_o capricorn_n be_v the_o four_o zone_n or_o girdle_n by_o our_o distribution_n be_v to_o underprop_v and_o sustain_v by_o the_o gain_n of_o trade_n the_o say_a centre_n or_o gain_n within_o the_o circumference_n of_o the_o circle_n of_o commerce_n not_o by_o a_o absolute_a power_n to_o be_v leave_v unto_o merchant_n in_o the_o manage_n of_o trade_n or_o in_o the_o dispose_n of_o money_n commodity_n and_o exchange_n for_o money_n but_o by_o a_o direction_n ground_v upon_o law_n ordinance_n and_o proclamation_n for_o in_o regard_n of_o state_n affair_n merchant_n be_v ignorant_a in_o the_o course_n of_o traffic_n for_o asmuch_o as_o they_o do_v only_o study_v for_o private_a benefit_n so_o that_o they_o must_v have_v leader_n and_o conductor_n whereunto_o buck_n and_o goat_n have_v be_v compare_v in_o time_n past_a lead_v the_o silly_a sheep_n to_o feed_v in_o mountainous_a place_n to_o prove_v therefore_o that_o this_o be_v no_o new_a doctrine_n or_o invention_n of_o i_o as_o misselden_n allege_v let_v we_o enter_v into_o consideration_n of_o the_o follow_a observation_n before_o our_o intend_a examination_n of_o the_o centre_n of_o commerce_n in_o foreign_a tradeâ—_n it_o be_v near_o 350._o year_n since_o king_n edward_n the_o first_o do_v erect_v the_o office_n of_o the_o king_n royal_a exchanger_n exchange_n ancient_a office_n of_o exchange_n which_o do_v continue_v successive_o by_o 16_o several_a letter_n patent_n of_o the_o king_n of_o this_o realm_n by_o mean_n whereof_o the_o money_n be_v preserve_v within_o the_o same_o and_o the_o commodity_n be_v orderly_o vent_v &_o the_o merchandise_v exchange_n be_v then_o unknown_a king_n edward_n the_o three_o do_v constitute_v diverse_a exchange_n 7._o 9_o e._n 3._o 7._o in_o sundry_a place_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o cause_v table_n of_o exchange_n to_o be_v set_v up_o at_o donor_n and_o elsewhere_o to_o answer_v the_o value_n of_o our_o money_n in_o the_o coin_n to_o be_v pay_v for_o it_o beyond_o the_o sea_n according_a to_o the_o very_a value_n with_o some_o allowance_n to_o be_v give_v to_o accommodate_v merchant_n affair_n and_o traveller_n occasion_n the_o like_a be_v do_v by_o richard_n the_o second_o 2._o 5._o r._n 2._o 2._o and_o this_o be_v the_o true_a par_fw-fr pro_fw-la pari_fw-la 6._o 2._o h._n 6._o 6._o then_o use_v and_o continue_v by_o henry_n the_o sixth_o and_o edward_n the_o four_o 16._o 4._o e._n 4._o 16._o but_o more_o especial_o by_o that_o wise_a and_o politic_a prince_n 6._o 2._o h._n 6._o 6._o king_n henry_n the_o seven_o 6._o 3._o h._n 7._o 6._o absolute_o forbid_v the_o make_n of_o exchange_n and_o rechange_n for_o foreign_a part_n without_o the_o king_n especial_a licence_n have_v and_o obtain_v for_o the_o same_o to_o which_o end_n all_o the_o several_a act_n of_o parliament_n touch_v the_o direct_n and_o order_v of_o
and_o politic_a and_o the_o natural_a exchange_n he_o will_v not_o call_v par_fw-fr pro_fw-la pari_fw-la but_o value_n for_o value_n according_a to_o the_o inward_a finesse_n which_o be_v know_v by_o the_o assay_n and_o melt_a separate_v the_o pure_a from_o the_o impure_a the_o fine_a silver_n and_o gold_n from_o the_o allay_n or_o copper_n and_o herein_o be_v no_o other_o observation_n but_o look_v how_o much_o fine_a silver_n or_o gold_n you_o receive_v in_o one_o place_n just_a so_o much_o and_o no_o more_o you_o must_v pay_v and_o deliver_v in_o another_o place_n but_o you_o may_v not_o call_v this_o parity_n nor_o purity_n this_o say_v he_o be_v a_o better_a direction_n than_o limitation_n of_o exchange_n whereby_o you_o may_v understand_v how_o he_o be_v mistake_v suppose_v that_o the_o price_n of_o the_o currant_n exchange_n shall_v be_v limit_v and_o not_o rise_v and_o fall_v according_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o exchange_n upon_o plenty_n or_o scarcity_n of_o money_n and_o 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delusion_n proceed_v of_o a_o weak_a brain_n de_fw-fr homine_fw-la imperito_fw-la nunquam_fw-la quic_fw-la quam_fw-la iniustius_fw-la qui_fw-la nisi_fw-la quod_fw-la ipse_fw-la facit_fw-la nihil_fw-la rectum_fw-la putat_fw-la to_o this_o peremptory_a opinion_n i_o must_v join_v a_o peremptory_a issue_n and_o come_v to_o the_o proof_n put_v he_o nevertheless_o in_o mind_n that_o he_o do_v maintain_v that_o the_o low_a exchange_n for_o money_n be_v profitable_a for_o our_o merchant_n that_o be_v common_o the_o taker_n of_o money_n here_o in_o englaâ—d_n and_o so_o beyond_o the_o sea_n where_o they_o be_v deliverer_n now_o how_o a_o low_a exchange_n can_v be_v imagine_v without_o the_o underualuation_n of_o our_o money_n in_o exchange_n i_o refer_v to_o his_o deep_a apprehension_n come_v we_o therefore_o in_o the_o next_o place_n to_o prove_v this_o underualuation_n of_o our_o money_n in_o exchange_n and_o then_o such_o as_o deserve_v the_o name_n of_o mountebank_n juggler_n or_o 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enhance_v full_a twenty_o in_o the_o hundred_o or_o four_o shilling_n upon_o twenty_o shilling_n whereby_o the_o parity_n of_o exchange_n be_v alter_v in_o name_n from_o 20_o to_o 24_o because_o that_o 24_o s_o with_o they_o beyond_o the_o sea_n and_o our_o 20_o s_o here_o be_v all_o one_o in_o value_n so_o that_o 500_o l_o starlin_n be_v correspondent_a or_o answerable_a to_o 600_o l_o flemish_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o say_a valuation_n without_o any_o alteration_n of_o standard_n before_o that_o time_n that_o be_v to_o say_v in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 1567._o the_o burgundian_n rickx_n doller_n be_v coin_v in_o the_o empire_n for_o 32_o stivers_n lup_n or_o two_o mark_n lubish_n of_o 16_o shilling_n the_o mark_n so_o that_o then_o one_o shilling_n lubish_n and_o one_o stiver_n one_o shilling_n lubish_n and_o stivers_n all_o one_o be_v between_o germany_n and_o the_o netherlands_o all_o one_o in_o name_n as_o we_o have_v more_o ample_o declare_v in_o lex_fw-la 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which_o as_o have_v be_v show_v be_v the_o public_a measure_n but_o he_o will_v make_v this_o perspicuous_a by_o a_o familiar_a example_n sure_o one_o of_o the_o familiar_n of_o his_o circle_n have_v delude_v he_o herein_o for_o if_o a_o gentleman_n make_v over_o 100_o l._n for_o amsterdam_n at_o 33_o s._n 4_o do_v and_o receive_v for_o it_o there_o 166_o l._n 13_o s._n 4_o d._n flemish_n in_o holland_n dollar_n call_v lion_n dollar_n at_o two_o guildere_n or_o 40_o stivers_n the_o doller_n which_o amount_v just_a 500_o dollar_n and_o upon_o occasion_n after_o he_o have_v receive_v the_o same_o he_o be_v to_o deliver_v they_o there_o again_o by_o exchange_n to_o be_v pay_v in_o london_n the_o question_n be_v not_o upon_o the_o inhaunce_n of_o two_o stivers_n upon_o every_o doller_n and_o 35_o s_o which_o he_o must_v give_v there_o to_o have_v here_o pay_v he_o 20_o s._n starlin_n for_o every_o pound_n whereby_o the_o say_v inhaunce_v of_o the_o doller_n there_o and_o the_o price_n of_o 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eunuch_n a_o eunuch_n that_o be_v no_o man_n which_o throw_v a_o stone_n pumex_fw-la a_o pumex_fw-la that_o be_v no_o stone_n at_o a_o bird_n that_o be_v no_o bird_n sit_v upon_o a_o tree_n trunk_n a_o bat._n a_o dead_a trunk_n that_o be_v no_o tree_n at_o which_o a_o dog_n do_v bark_v beech._n a_o beech._n that_o be_v no_o dog_n and_o this_o be_v the_o manner_n of_o his_o sophistry_n but_o he_o will_v come_v a_o little_a close_o and_o leave_v all_o the_o uncertain_a rate_n of_o exchange_n and_o so_o bring_v i_o to_o the_o touchstone_n of_o the_o say_v last_o proclamation_n of_o the_o state_n of_o the_o unite_a province_n whereby_o the_o royal_a of_o 8_o be_v cry_v down_o to_o 48_o stivers_n or_o 8_o s._n flemish_n and_o here_o he_o have_v calculate_v matter_n to_o a_o hair_n by_o the_o english_a weight_n of_o english_a and_o ass_n and_o penny_n weight_n and_o grain_n reckon_v after_o 32_o ass_n for_o the_o penny_n weight_n or_o english_a the_o penny_n weight_n be_v but_o 24_o grain_n and_o make_v 4_o piece_n 3_o â—_o part_n to_o be_v equal_a with_o our_o 20_o s._n in_o value_n which_o at_o 10_o 〈◊〉_d stivers_n for_o our_o shilling_n according_a to_o the_o say_a proclamation_n jump_v all_o at_o 35_o s._n flemish_n in_o exchange_n for_o the_o say_v 2_o s._n starlin_n this_o be_v very_o pretty_o contrive_v by_o the_o dexterity_n of_o his_o ingenious_a spirit_n or_o rather_o by_o his_o support_v who_o will_v help_v a_o lame_a dog_n over_o the_o stile_n as_o the_o prover_n be_v be_v by_o abate_v the_o price_n of_o the_o royal_a and_o advance_v the_o price_n of_o exchange_n taking_z care_v only_o for_o the_o present_a rate_n &_o time_n of_o exchange_n wherewith_o he_o charge_v i_o with_o a_o pâ—ace_n of_o scripture_n with_o such_o a_o magnanimity_n 113._o p._n 113._o as_o if_o he_o be_v ride_v in_o his_o triumphant_a chariot_n draw_v by_o ignorance_n and_o impudence_n as_o a_o couple_n of_o coach_n horse_n imitate_v caligula_n who_o follow_v the_o example_n of_o julius_n caesar_n in_o conquer_a britain_n diâ—n_n suetornius_fw-la &_o diâ—n_n and_o conduct_v his_o army_n to_o the_o sea_n side_n command_v his_o soldier_n to_o gather_v shell_n which_o he_o call_v the_o spoil_n of_o the_o ocean_n and_o bind_v a_o few_o german_n that_o never_o fight_v against_o he_o lead_v they_o in_o triumph_n to_o rome_n even_o such_o be_v the_o behaviour_n of_o misselden_n who_o have_v gather_v the_o shell_n of_o knowledge_n can_v never_o attain_v to_o the_o solid_a flesh_n of_o truth_n and_o prudence_n for_o a_o answer_n therefore_o to_o this_o untrue_a assertion_n i_o utter_o deny_v that_o 4_o royal_n â—_o 8_o part_n do_v answer_v our_o 20_o s._n starlin_n and_o by_o the_o aforesaid_a rule_n of_o arithmitike_a if_o 22_o s._n will_v buy_v 5_o piece_n or_o royal_n of_o 8_o than_o 20_o s._n require_v 4_o 6_o 11_o piece_n and_o although_o the_o say_v royal_a be_v decry_v yet_o be_v the_o same_o currant_n above_o the_o price_n of_o the_o proclamation_n in_o most_o place_n 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one_o half_a we_o be_v to_o look_v for_o 450_o dollar_n for_o one_o hundred_o pound_n starlin_n i_o be_o conscious_a by_o bill_n of_o exchange_n make_v at_o hamborough_n the_o last_o year_n between_o english_a money_n and_o lubish_n among_o the_o merchant_n aduenturour_n that_o for_o 381_o dollar_n deliver_v there_o there_o have_v be_v pay_v 100_o l._n here_o in_o england_n which_o be_v 69_o dollar_n under_o the_o true_a value_n whereby_o they_o sell_v their_o clothes_n better_o cheap_a there_o and_o so_o the_o kingdom_n stock_n must_v answer_v for_o it_o to_o the_o impoverishment_n thereof_o there_o be_v no_o man_n that_o have_v the_o name_n of_o a_o merchant_n that_o have_v there_o 381_o dollar_n will_v import_v the_o same_o into_o
enumeration_n of_o sundry_a signification_n of_o the_o same_o distinction_n definition_n of_o distinction_n with_o a_o apt_a application_n to_o the_o thing_n in_o question_n observe_v we_o the_o plain_a way_n to_o distinguish_v the_o operation_n of_o the_o say_a centre_n gain_n in_o the_o course_n of_o traffic_n for_o even_o as_o a_o spider_n have_v the_o best_a quality_n of_o feeling_n sit_v with_o the_o head_n downward_o in_o her_o circular_a web_n as_o the_o centre_n thereof_o to_o catch_v her_o live_n in_o all_o the_o part_n of_o the_o circumference_n of_o her_o web_n even_o so_o have_v all_o man_n but_o most_o especial_o worling_n look_v down_o ward_n with_o the_o kite_n a_o action_n and_o feel_n of_o their_o benefit_n and_o gain_v which_o rule_v the_o course_n of_o trade_n in_o general_a by_o god_n direction_n to_o be_v observe_v therein_o the_o wealth_n of_o a_o kingdom_n can_v proper_o decrease_v realm_n three_o mean_n to_o decrease_v the_o wealth_n of_o the_o realm_n but_o three_o manner_n of_o way_n namely_o by_o sell_v our_o native_a commodity_n too_o good_a cheap_a by_o buy_v the_o foreign_a commodity_n too_o dear_a and_o by_o the_o exportation_n of_o our_o money_n inspecie_fw-la cause_v by_o a_o low_a exchange_n for_o money_n by_o bill_n of_o exchange_n as_o before_o be_v declare_v in_o the_o manage_n whereof_o we_o be_v to_o make_v three_o distinction_n the_o first_o concern_v the_o king_n and_o the_o nobility_n gentleman_n and_o traveller_n considerable_a three_o distinction_n considerable_a who_o be_v here_o deliverer_n of_o money_n to_o serve_v their_o occasion_n beyond_o the_o sea_n or_o else_o they_o be_v taker_n up_o beyond_o the_o sea_n by_o letter_n of_o credit_n to_o their_o great_a loss_n when_o the_o price_n of_o exchange_n be_v low_a or_o foreign_a coin_n be_v enhance_v or_o overvalue_v in_o exchange_n unto_o we_o as_o be_v before_o declare_v in_o the_o first_o chapter_n the_o second_o distinction_n concern_v particular_a merchant_n who_o do_v make_v a_o private_a benefit_n by_o money_n and_o exchange_n to_o the_o prejudice_n of_o the_o kingdom_n by_o a_o low_a exchange_n and_o undervaluation_n of_o our_o money_n the_o three_o concern_v the_o whole_a kingdom_n in_o general_a wherein_o the_o say_v particular_a merchant_n do_v bear_v some_o loss_n unaware_o although_o they_o have_v a_o great_a gain_n by_o a_o disorder_a trade_n another_o way_n to_o the_o utter_a undo_n of_o all_o trade_n and_o destruction_n of_o the_o realm_n which_o we_o be_v now_o to_o distinguish_v it_o be_v demand_v 17._o p._n 17._o whether_o it_o be_v lawful_a for_o merchant_n to_o seek_v their_o privatum_fw-la commodum_fw-la in_o the_o exercise_n of_o their_o call_n whether_o gain_n be_v not_o the_o end_n of_o trade_n and_o whether_o the_o private_a be_v not_o invalued_a in_o the_o public_a the_o answer_n be_v extant_a that_o albeit_o the_o general_n be_v compose_v of_o the_o particular_a 3._o maine_n of_o free_a trade_n p._n 3._o yet_o it_o may_v fall_v out_o that_o the_o general_n shall_v receive_v a_o intolerable_a prejudice_n and_o loss_n by_o the_o particular_a benefit_n of_o some_o the_o opinion_n and_o council_n therefore_o in_o the_o reformation_n of_o abuse_n of_o some_o private_a merchant_n be_v to_o be_v hold_v in_o suspicion_n and_o king_n and_o prince_n be_v to_o sit_v at_o the_o stern_a of_o trade_n which_o cause_v the_o wise_a man_n to_o say_v consult_v not_o with_o a_o merchant_n concern_v exchange_n 11._o ecclesiasticus_fw-la 37._o ver_fw-la 11._o the_o gain_n which_o be_v prejudicial_a to_o the_o commonwealth_n and_o beneficial_a to_o some_o merchant_n in_o particular_a be_v these_o as_o follow_v english_a merchant_n be_v here_o the_o taker_n of_o money_n by_o exchange_n have_v a_o great_a gain_n when_o they_o take_v the_o same_o at_o a_o low_a exchange_n asgument_n pernicious_a asgument_n give_v less_o by_o their_o bill_n of_o exchange_n in_o foreign_a part_n and_o in_o 〈◊〉_d manner_n beyond_o the_o sea_n in_o give_v flemish_n or_o other_o money_n there_o to_o have_v here_o starlin_n money_n for_o it_o they_o be_v there_o common_o the_o deliverer_n of_o money_n so_o that_o a_o low_a price_n of_o exchange_n by_o the_o undervaluation_n of_o our_o money_n be_v profitable_a to_o the_o merchant_n and_o to_o maintain_v this_o it_o be_v infer_v that_o merchant_n stranger_n will_v export_v more_o money_n out_o of_o the_o realm_n into_o foreign_a part_n if_o english_a merchant_n do_v not_o take_v the_o say_a money_n by_o exchange_n and_o that_o at_o a_o low_a price_n whereby_o the_o english_a merchant_n become_v a_o gainer_n and_o the_o merchant_n stranger_n a_o loose_a again_o if_o a_o equal_a exchange_n be_v use_v according_a to_o the_o standard_n of_o money_n of_o other_o nation_n and_o we_o then_o can_v not_o english_a merchant_n sell_v our_o native_a commodity_n so_o good_a cheap_a beyond_o the_o sea_n to_o undersell_v other_o nation_n cast_v their_o calculation_n of_o buy_v and_o sell_v according_a to_o the_o low_a price_n of_o exchange_n also_o if_o the_o price_n of_o exchange_n be_v high_a beyond_o the_o sea_n then_o the_o spanish_a merchant_n can_v not_o make_v such_o gain_n by_o the_o royal_n of_o 8_o which_o they_o transport_v thither_o make_v return_n of_o the_o proceed_v of_o they_o by_o a_o low_a exchange_n to_o their_o great_a benefit_n of_o 25_o per_fw-la cento_fw-la where_o they_o can_v make_v here_o but_o ten_o upon_o the_o hundred_o if_o the_o money_n be_v not_o enhance_v beyond_o the_o sea_n merchant_n can_v not_o sell_v our_o native_a commodity_n at_o the_o price_n they_o now_o do_v and_o return_v the_o value_n thereof_o by_o a_o low_a exchange_n from_o thence_o or_o take_v up_o the_o same_o here_o give_v so_o little_a by_o exchange_n there_o english_a merchant_n buy_v here_o cloth_n upon_o their_o credit_n and_o sell_v the_o same_o beyond_o the_o sea_n have_v a_o good_a gain_n to_o return_v their_o money_n by_o a_o low_a exchange_n to_o pay_v the_o seller_n of_o the_o cloth_n with_o his_o own_o &_o so_o trade_v without_o stock_n be_v instrument_n to_o sell_v the_o native_a commodity_n of_o the_o realm_n if_o the_o exchange_n be_v not_o low_a under_o the_o value_n of_o the_o standard_n merchant_n can_v not_o make_v a_o great_a benefit_n by_o take_v up_o money_n here_o be_v he_o either_o english_a or_o stranger_n and_o transport_v the_o same_o to_o pay_v their_o bill_n of_o exchange_n beyond_o the_o sea_n and_o reserve_v a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o money_n for_o their_o benefit_n neither_o can_v they_o buy_v foreign_a commodity_n beyond_o the_o sea_n upon_o long_a day_n of_o payment_n and_o transport_v money_n to_o pay_v the_o seller_n at_o the_o say_a time_n all_o this_o be_v do_v by_o maintain_v the_o undervaluation_n of_o our_o money_n by_o a_o low_a exchange_n equity_n the_o rule_n of_o justice_n &_o equity_n which_o must_v be_v distinguish_v from_o the_o true_a rule_n of_o justice_n and_o equity_n which_o require_v a_o equal_a valuation_n in_o exchange_n or_o a_o advantage_n over_o and_o above_o to_o accommodate_v the_o course_n of_o traffic_n and_o then_o it_o will_v be_v find_v that_o the_o underualuation_n of_o money_n in_o exchange_n be_v intolerable_a and_o that_o this_o gain_n procure_v to_o the_o hurt_n of_o the_o kingdom_n although_o profitable_a to_o particular_a merchant_n be_v to_o be_v abolish_v the_o like_a be_v do_v by_o sell_v of_o our_o cloth_n good_a cheap_a beyond_o the_o sea_n in_o great_a quantity_n when_o merchant_n have_v beat_v down_o the_o price_n with_o the_o clothier_n whereby_o the_o clothier_n be_v force_v to_o do_v the_o like_a with_o the_o woolegrower_n which_o disimprove_v the_o revinew_n of_o land_n but_o the_o merchant_n employ_v the_o lesser_a stock_n and_o have_v not_o therefore_o the_o less_o benefit_n the_o woolegrower_n and_o the_o clothier_n bear_v the_o loss_n beside_o other_o private_a deal_n of_o merchant_n which_o be_v error_n of_o trade_n declare_v in_o out_o former_a treatise_n p._n 75_o 76._o the_o three_o distinction_n concern_v the_o whole_a kingdom_n be_v now_o to_o be_v examine_v by_o way_n of_o antithesis_fw-la or_o conterpoint_v show_v how_o gain_n do_v command_v and_o direct_v trade_n in_o the_o say_v three_o simples_n of_o traffic_n namely_o commodity_n money_n and_o exchange_n and_o especial_o in_o the_o exchange_n of_o money_n which_o overrule_v the_o other_o two_o whereby_o the_o overballance_a of_o foreign_a commodity_n with_o our_o native_a commodity_n in_o price_n be_v procure_v and_o this_o may_v be_v avoid_v and_o prevent_v by_o the_o contrary_a if_o it_o be_v put_v in_o practice_n according_a to_o the_o say_a rule_n of_o justice_n and_o equity_n inconvenience_n arise_v to_o the_o realm_n of_o england_n by_o the_o underualuation_n of_o our_o money_n in_o exchange_n upon_o the_o pound_n of_o xx_o shilling_n for_o the_o main_a place_n of_o trade_n first_o when_o our_o
the_o centre_n of_o the_o circle_n of_o commerce_n be_v ground_v consider_v we_o now_o this_o centre_n gain_n in_o every_o particular_a upon_o the_o premise_n draw_v from_o the_o circumference_n all_o direct_a line_n into_o it_o and_o exclude_v all_o obloquy_n curuey_a and_o helicall_a line_n and_o we_o shall_v find_v that_o nothing_o do_v force_v trade_n but_o gain_n gaine_n have_v upon_o money_n by_o underualuation_n in_o exchange_n and_o inhaunce_v of_o foreign_a coin_n beyond_o the_o sea_n cause_v our_o money_n to_o be_v export_v gaine_n have_v upon_o money_n by_o exchange_n and_o true_a valuation_n cause_v money_n to_o be_v bring_v in_o gain_v upon_o money_n be_v take_v away_o and_o answer_v by_o true_a exchange_n keep_v money_n within_o the_o realm_n gaine_n give_v upon_o money_n import_v here_o equal_a to_o the_o gain_n make_v beyond_o the_o sea_n will_v prevent_v the_o diversion_n of_o the_o royal_n of_o 8._o gain_v more_o make_v by_o our_o money_n then_o by_o our_o commodity_n export_v cause_v less_o employment_n to_o be_v make_v upon_o our_o commodity_n and_o great_a exportation_n gaine_n make_v by_o a_o low_a exchange_n undervalue_v our_o money_n cause_v they_o to_o be_v sell_v less_o beyond_o the_o sea_n and_o foreign_a ware_n dear_a to_o overballance_v us._n gaine_n make_v upon_o our_o native_a commodity_n be_v real_o import_v by_o money_n and_o bullion_n when_o there_o be_v no_o loss_n by_o the_o importation_n of_o money_n gaine_n have_v upon_o foreign_a coin_n within_o the_o realm_n be_v prevent_v by_o the_o value_n in_o exchange_n keep_v the_o coin_n within_o the_o realm_n and_o mint_n gain_v upon_o money_n be_v great_a beyond_o the_o sea_n then_o with_o we_o in_o england_n draw_v money_n thither_o and_o hinder_v money_n to_o be_v import_v the_o want_n whereof_o make_v a_o dead_a trade_n gaine_n have_v by_o exchange_n upon_o young_a merchant_n of_o small_a mean_n spoil_v the_o vent_n of_o our_o commodity_n by_o overthrow_v the_o market_n of_o other_o gaine_n give_v by_o exchange_n of_o money_n by_o bill_n according_a to_o the_o true_a value_n or_o above_o the_o same_o cause_v foreign_a commodity_n to_o be_v sell_v better_o cheap_a within_o the_o realm_n and_o give_v a_o direction_n tacite_fw-la to_o sell_v our_o native_a commodity_n with_o more_o gain_n and_o reputation_n gaine_n procure_v by_o our_o commodity_n outward_o more_o than_o by_o foreign_a commodity_n inward_o which_o mean_v to_o import_v bullion_n and_o money_n to_o be_v do_v by_o this_o true_a valuation_n in_o exchange_n as_o aforesaid_a will_v prevent_v the_o overballance_a of_o trade_n and_o bring_v all_o thing_n in_o tune_n when_o the_o centre_n gain_n find_v rest_n in_o proprio_fw-la loco_fw-la the_o consideration_n hereof_o exclude_v all_o unjust_a unlawful_a and_o private_a gain_n make_v to_o the_o prejudice_n of_o the_o realm_n by_o the_o oversight_n of_o merchant_n which_o seem_v to_o steer_v the_o helm_n when_o palynicrus_fw-la be_v sleepy_a this_o be_v that_o geometrical_a axiom_n or_o maxim_n circulus_fw-la tangit_fw-la planum_fw-la unico_fw-la puncto_fw-la heretofore_o observe_v this_o be_v proper_o the_o scope_n of_o merchant_n 104._o p._n 104._o all_o the_o mystery_n of_o personal_a and_o provincial_a exchange_n be_v comprise_v in_o this_o mystery_n which_o misselden_n will_v make_v to_o be_v no_o mystery_n and_o to_o use_v his_o own_o word_n nevertheless_o all_o the_o knowledge_n of_o commerce_n be_v present_v and_o represent_v in_o this_o history_n all_o the_o river_n of_o trade_n spring_n out_o of_o this_o source_n 142._o p._n 142._o and_o empt_v themselves_o again_o into_o this_o ocean_n all_o the_o weight_n of_o trade_n fall_v to_o this_o centre_n and_o come_v within_o the_o circuit_n of_o this_o circle_n this_o be_v that_o par_fw-fr pro_fw-la pari_fw-la that_o weigh_v down_o misseldens_n balance_n of_o trade_n which_o be_v without_o a_o parallel_n which_o to_o prove_v let_v we_o now_o examine_v what_o be_v present_v and_o represent_v by_o his_o uncertain_a balance_n a_o merchant_n say_v he_o when_o he_o will_v inform_v himself_o how_o his_o estate_n stand_v 130._o p._n 130._o be_v say_v to_o take_v a_o balance_n of_o his_o estate_n wherein_o he_o collect_v and_o consider_v all_o his_o ware_n and_o money_n and_o debt_n as_o if_o he_o will_v cast_v every-thing_n into_o the_o scale_n to_o be_v try_v etc._n etc._n if_o this_o merchant_n shall_v not_o look_v to_o the_o centre_n gain_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n what_o will_v the_o take_n of_o a_o balance_n avail_v he_o or_o to_o what_o end_n and_o purpose_n will_v this_o tend_v sure_o only_a for_o a_o trial_n to_o find_v out_o whether_o he_o have_v gain_v or_o lose_v this_o be_v all_o a_o balance_n can_v do_v and_o although_o a_o merchant_n can_v in_o some_o sort_n do_v this_o it_o follow_v not_o that_o the_o royal_a merchant_n or_o a_o prince_n can_v do_v it_o albeit_o he_o be_v the_o father_n of_o the_o great_a family_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n for_o the_o cause_n of_o trade_n be_v not_o in_o his_o own_o power_n but_o merchant_n do_v manage_v the_o same_o who_o as_o have_v be_v show_v may_v procure_v their_o private_a gain_n and_o yet_o impoverish_v the_o kingdom_n so_o that_o the_o cast_v up_o of_o this_o balance_n 116._o p._n 116._o can_v never_o be_v a_o excellent_a and_o policique_fw-la invention_n to_o show_v we_o the_o difference_n of_o weight_n in_o the_o commerce_n of_o one_o kingdom_n with_o another_o unless_o the_o three_o essential_a part_n of_o trade_n be_v wise_o direct_v and_o observe_v by_o the_o prince_n according_a to_o the_o say_a centre_n of_o commerce_n and_o not_o by_o this_o conceit_a balance_n misselden_n have_v find_v a_o ancient_a worm-eaten_a balance_n upon_o record_n which_o be_v say_v to_o be_v make_v in_o the_o 28_o year_n of_o edward_n the_o three_o might_n very_o well_o have_v over_o past_o the_o same_o see_v the_o imperfection_n thereof_o 30._o p._n 30._o and_o that_o he_o find_v it_o in_o that_o maniscript_n that_o he_o so_o little_a esteem_v from_o which_o as_o he_o say_v i_o have_v store_v myself_o for_o therein_o diverse_a commodity_n of_o the_o kingdom_n as_o lead_v tin_n butter_n cheese_n tallow_n hides_n skin_n iron_n and_o other_o staple_n wares_n be_v not_o mention_v and_o yet_o concern_v the_o say_a balance_n so_o that_o his_o comparison_n between_o those_o ancient_a 123._o p._n 123._o with_o these_o modern_a time_n be_v but_o vain_a and_o a_o superfluous_a tale_n but_o he_o delight_v iâ—_n word_n for_o want_n of_o matter_n or_o substance_n then_o he_o come_v to_o a_o positive_a constitution_n of_o the_o form_n of_o a_o balance_n in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 1612_o and_o 1621._o and_o here_o lie_v the_o pot_n of_o rose_n to_o know_v whether_o the_o native_a commodity_n export_v and_o the_o foreign_a commodity_n import_v do_v balance_n or_o overballance_v one_o another_o in_o the_o scale_n of_o commerce_n 121._o p._n 121._o and_o if_o the_o native_a commodity_n export_v do_v weigh_v down_o and_o exceed_v in_o value_n the_o foreign_a commodity_n import_v 127._o p._n 127._o that_o overplus_n must_v either_o come_v in_o as_o he_o say_v in_o money_n or_o merchandise_n 117._o p._n 117._o if_o not_o in_o money_n then_o in_o merchandise_n sure_o he_o do_v not_o consider_v this_o without_o a_o nightcap_n for_o it_o deserve_v to_o be_v write_v in_o capital_a letter_n money_n will_v not_o be_v import_v so_o long_o as_o there_o be_v a_o loss_n by_o the_o bring_n in_o of_o they_o and_o if_o commodity_n be_v bring_v in_o it_o increase_v the_o say_v overballance_v as_o a_o deceptio_fw-la visus_fw-la upon_o your_o scale_n of_o commerce_n whereby_o you_o can_v discern_v the_o truth_n but_o you_o must_v of_o force_n find_v your_o balance_n false_a visus_fw-la the_o balance_n a_o deceptio_fw-la visus_fw-la and_o your_o judgement_n uncertain_a and_o herein_o be_v no_o more_o hope_n of_o a_o remedy_n than_o there_o be_v to_o overtake_v a_o man_n which_o run_v to_o the_o east_n and_o you_o pursue_v he_o towards_o the_o west_n run_v from_o he_o but_o let_v we_o come_v somewhat_o close_o to_o the_o consideration_n of_o this_o balance_n and_o suppose_v that_o by_o increase_v our_o manufacture_n by_o four_o or_o five_o hundred_o thousand_o pound_n yearly_a more_o to_o be_v export_v this_o balance_n will_v be_v reform_v be_v not_o this_o like_a and_o feasible_a to_o be_v do_v i_o answer_v that_o although_o it_o be_v feasible_a to_o make_v and_o vent_v such_o a_o quantity_n of_o manufacture_n yearly_a yet_o be_v it_o not_o like_a to_o moderate_v the_o overballance_a for_o all_o man_n of_o judgement_n will_v say_v that_o the_o proceed_v or_o return_v of_o the_o say_a manufacture_n will_v come_v unto_o we_o in_o foreign_a commodity_n because_o money_n and_o bullion_n can_v be_v bring_v in_o but_o to_o loss_n as_o the_o case_n stand_v so_o that_o still_o
our_o overballance_a increase_v for_o when_o more_o commodâ—â—â—_n be_v import_v than_o the_o kingdom_n spend_v 〈◊〉_d must_v be_v export_v again_o for_o other_o place_n and_o otâ—â—â—_n commodity_n be_v import_v again_o for_o the_o retuâ—â—_n thereof_o to_o augment_v the_o say_a overballance_n nayâ—â—_n force_v we_o to_o wear_v more_o foreign_a ware_n through_o the_o abundance_n of_o it_o and_o to_o neglect_v the_o use_n of_o our_o native_a commodity_n but_o say_v he_o 123._o p._n 123._o the_o form_n will_v illustrate_v this_o conceit_a course_n of_o balance_n tota_n sensus_fw-la quot_fw-la capita_fw-la as_o many_o mind_n as_o man_n every_o man_n abound_v in_o his_o own_o sense_n a_o marvellous_a ground_a rule_n to_o build_v upon_o where_o there_o be_v so_o many_o cannon_n must_v we_o needs_o sail_v between_o scylla_n and_o charibays_n of_o a_o uncertain_a balance_n without_o a_o parallel_n uncertainty_n absurd_a to_o admit_v such_o uncertainty_n when_o the_o compass_n of_o our_o centre_n do_v direct_v we_o in_o the_o very_a negotiation_n and_o nothing_o can_v be_v direct_v unto_o we_o by_o this_o balance_n without_o the_o say_a centre_n the_o uncertainty_n of_o this_o balance_n do_v consist_v of_o many_o particular_n whereby_o it_o be_v so_o far_o from_o understanding_n as_o conclusion_n be_v from_o order_n first_o this_o balance_n can_v be_v certain_o prescribe_v by_o one_o year_n time_n realm_n the_o uncertainty_n of_o the_o realm_n or_o any_o certain_a or_o limit_a time_n for_o sometime_o and_o that_o unexpected_a some_o east_n india_n ship_n or_o other_o rich_a lade_n may_v come_v in_o or_o the_o spice_n and_o other_o good_n already_o come_v in_o and_o to_o be_v export_v be_v not_o carry_v out_o when_o the_o calculation_n of_o the_o balance_n be_v make_v second_o for_o money_n secret_o export_v the_o return_n in_o commodity_n may_v be_v yet_o to_o come_v or_o if_o it_o be_v for_o gain_n have_v by_o interest_n money_n or_o exchange_n it_o need_v never_o to_o return_v for_o the_o merchant_n stranger_n as_o also_o for_o money_n take_v up_o by_o exchange_n to_o be_v employ_v upon_o commodity_n and_o other_o mean_n whereof_o the_o balance_n can_v be_v sensible_a not_o come_v to_o be_v balance_v three_o the_o profit_n make_v upon_o our_o native_a commodity_n as_o also_o for_o the_o foreign_a commodity_n and_o the_o charge_n be_v incertain_a both_o in_o the_o exportation_n of_o the_o one_o and_o the_o importation_n of_o the_o other_o which_o he_o bring_v upon_o the_o balance_n by_o estimate_n and_o be_v mere_o conjectural_a four_o the_o foreign_a commodity_n be_v not_o underrate_v by_o one_o three_o part_n in_o the_o custom_n book_n in_o comparison_n of_o our_o native_a commodity_n five_o the_o fine_a good_n secret_o convey_v inward_o more_o than_o outward_o by_o one_o hundred_o thousand_o pound_n yearly_a be_v but_o a_o supposition_n six_o the_o payment_n of_o custom_n be_v uncertain_a and_o the_o conceal_n of_o custom_n come_v to_o be_v twenty_o for_o one_o in_o the_o calculation_n make_v the_o account_n to_o be_v most_o incertain_a seventh_o and_o last_o there_o may_v be_v so_o much_o get_v by_o commodity_n export_v &_o retransport_v and_o for_o that_o gain_n foreign_a commodity_n bring_v in_o that_o it_o may_v seem_v to_o be_v a_o overballance_n when_o it_o be_v not_o the_o premise_n consider_v what_o centre_n be_v there_o in_o this_o balance_n be_v it_o not_o like_a unto_o those_o great_a balloon_n that_o man_n play_v with_o all_o fill_v with_o wind_n for_o there_o be_v not_o any_o solid_a substance_n 126._o p._n 126._o but_o all_o be_v conjectural_a and_o immaginary_a neither_o be_v it_o practise_v by_o other_o prince_n and_o country_n as_o he_o untrue_o allege_v for_o other_o prince_n and_o state_n be_v careful_a to_o augment_v trade_n by_o increase_v of_o their_o manufacture_n and_o 〈◊〉_d sell_v they_o to_o benefit_n as_o also_o to_o make_v their_o territorâ—â—â—_n as_o it_o be_v magazine_n for_o all_o commodity_n exchange_n gain_v to_o be_v procure_v by_o commodity_n money_n and_o exchange_n and_o as_o they_o get_v by_o commodity_n so_o do_v they_o also_o by_o money_n and_o exchange_n which_o can_v but_o prevent_v the_o overballance_a we_o all_o agree_v that_o there_o be_v a_o overballance_n which_o must_v be_v remede_v by_o the_o redress_n of_o the_o cause_n and_o not_o by_o the_o study_n of_o balance_n which_o demonstrate_v little_a in_o truth_n and_o certainty_n but_o much_o in_o imaginâ—â—â—_n on_o and_o conceit_n it_o be_v gain_n that_o bear_v the_o sway_n and_o it_o be_v more_o than_o necessary_a to_o tautologize_v and_o to_o repeat_v thing_n of_o this_o nature_n for_o they_o produce_v fearful_a effect_n we_o feel_v they_o we_o complain_v of_o they_o and_o woeful_a experience_n show_v unto_o we_o that_o it_o be_v high_a time_n to_o reform_v they_o for_o abyssus_n abyssâ—â—_n invocat_fw-la by_o the_o aforesaid_a distinction_n every_o man_n of_o understanding_n can_v discern_v the_o particular_a &_o private_a gain_n from_o the_o general_a benefit_n whereby_o he_o may_v the_o better_o perceive_v the_o weakness_n of_o misseldens_n objection_n he_o say_v 108._o p._n 108._o the_o high_a the_o exchange_n be_v in_o england_n the_o more_o loss_n be_v it_o to_o the_o taker_n and_o the_o more_o gain_n to_o the_o deliverer_n object_n 1._o object_n which_o be_v the_o merchant_n stranger_n again_o the_o high_a the_o exchange_n be_v in_o dutchland_n the_o more_o loss_n to_o the_o deliver_v and_o gain_v to_o the_o taker_n which_o be_v likewise_o there_o the_o merchant_n stranger_n and_o this_o he_o declare_v by_o example_n this_o objection_n be_v the_o first_o pernicious_a argument_n note_v in_o this_o chapter_n which_o represent_v unto_o we_o the_o equinoctial_a line_n require_v equality_n and_o equity_n in_o the_o valuation_n of_o money_n and_o true_a exchange_n for_o the_o general_a good_a as_o before_o be_v demonstrate_v the_o absurdity_n of_o which_o objection_n let_v we_o now_o declare_v suppose_v that_o notwithstanding_o the_o inhaunce_n of_o the_o foreign_a coin_n beyond_o the_o sea_n the_o price_n of_o exchange_n be_v still_o at_o even_a money_n as_o it_o be_v about_o 80_o year_n past_a as_o have_v be_v declare_v namely_o at_o twenty_o shilling_n here_o with_o we_o which_o be_v a_o low_a exchange_n upon_o the_o balance_n of_o trade_n a_o merchant_n stranger_n sell_v here_o his_o foreign_a commodity_n buy_v beyond_o the_o sea_n with_o the_o enhanced_a coin_n find_v this_o low_a exchange_n to_o make_v his_o return_n by_o will_v resolve_v either_o to_o buy_v our_o commodity_n or_o to_o export_v our_o money_n for_o by_o this_o low_a exchange_n he_o shall_v be_v a_o very_a great_a loser_n so_o that_o our_o english_a merchant_n shall_v find_v no_o money_n to_o be_v take_v up_o by_o exchange_n to_o make_v their_o ready_a employment_n upon_o our_o commodity_n and_o the_o merchant_n stranger_n will_v buy_v they_o or_o else_o the_o money_n will_v be_v convey_v away_o for_o the_o most_o part_n notwithstanding_o the_o statute_n of_o employment_n which_o as_o it_o be_v a_o loss_n to_o the_o realm_n so_o be_v it_o to_o the_o english_a merchant_n in_o particular_a who_o may_v have_v employ_v the_o same_o so_o then_o è_fw-la contrario_fw-la the_o low_a the_o exchange_n be_v in_o england_n the_o less_o money_n answ._n 1._o answ._n be_v deliver_v by_o exchange_n unto_o english_a merchant_n and_o the_o more_o be_v the_o trade_n drive_v into_o the_o merchant_n stranger_n hand_n as_o also_o the_o more_o money_n be_v export_v again_o the_o low_a that_o the_o exchange_n be_v in_o dutchland_n the_o less_o money_n be_v take_v up_o by_o the_o merchant_n stranger_n there_o and_o the_o more_o 〈…〉_o be_v import_v both_o by_o the_o english_a merchant_n and_o the_o merchant_n stranger_n which_o bring_v a_o overballance_a and_o increase_v the_o transportation_n of_o our_o money_n and_o be_v also_o a_o hindrance_n to_o the_o importation_n because_o their_o money_n be_v enhance_v whereby_o it_o be_v manifest_a that_o one_o extremity_n enforce_v another_o what_o be_v now_o the_o medium_fw-la or_o rather_o particular_a the_o general_a benefit_n to_o be_v prefer_v before_o the_o particular_a which_o of_o these_o extreme_n shall_v take_v place_n the_o one_o contern_v the_o general_a welfare_n of_o the_o realm_n the_o other_o concern_v private_a merchant_n shall_v not_o the_o rule_n of_o justice_n and_o equity_n be_v prefer_v whereby_o the_o commonwealth_n be_v enrich_v and_o the_o private_a be_v abolish_v which_o destroy_v the_o kingdom_n yes_o questionless_a but_o this_o reformation_n or_o par_fw-fr of_o exchange_n object_n 2d_o object_n threaten_v the_o decay_n of_o cloth_n trade_n for_o the_o exchange_n be_v that_o 109._o p._n 109._o which_o represent_v to_o our_o english_a merchant_n his_o whole_a estate_n beyond_o the_o sea_n for_o his_o ready_a use_n and_o employment_n thereof_o in_o england_n upon_o all_o occasion_n so_o that_o if_o there_o shall_v
money_n be_v underualued_a in_o exchange_n whereby_o there_o arise_v a_o gain_n between_o the_o inward_a value_n of_o the_o money_n and_o the_o price_n of_o exchange_n then_o be_v our_o money_n continual_o export_v into_o foreign_a part_n for_o the_o like_a gain_n can_v never_o be_v make_v by_o any_o commodity_n 2_o this_o exportation_n of_o money_n cause_v not_o only_o the_o less_o money_n to_o be_v employ_v upon_o our_o native_a commodity_n and_o return_v in_o foreign_a ware_n but_o take_v away_o also_o the_o vital_a spirit_n of_o traffic_n and_o give_v a_o great_a cause_n of_o overballance_v of_o commodity_n 3_o the_o say_a undervaluation_n of_o our_o money_n in_o exchange_n do_v the_o like_a and_o cause_v our_o native_a commodity_n to_o be_v sell_v better_o cheap_a beyond_o the_o sea_n for_o want_v of_o knowledge_n of_o the_o true_a value_n of_o our_o money_n and_o they_o even_o as_o the_o inhaunce_n of_o foreign_a coin_n beyond_o the_o sea_n cause_v the_o foreign_a ware_n to_o be_v advance_v in_o price_n according_a as_o the_o say_a money_n be_v enhance_v whereby_o the_o say_v overballance_v must_v needs_o come_v to_o pass_v of_o course_n 4_o it_o do_v hinder_v the_o importation_n of_o bullion_n and_o dollar_n from_o the_o say_a place_n of_o trade_n which_o we_o have_v have_v in_o time_n past_a for_o the_o say_v inhaunce_v coin_n not_o be_v true_o value_v by_o exchange_n can_v be_v import_v but_o to_o a_o exceed_a loss_n and_o merchant_n stranger_n will_v not_o take_v the_o same_o at_o a_o low_a exchange_n so_o that_o our_o merchant_n be_v compel_v to_o make_v their_o return_n by_o foreign_a commodity_n thereby_o great_o increase_v the_o say_v overballance_v of_o trade_n 5_o young_a english_a merchant_n be_v constrain_v to_o take_v up_o a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o say_a money_n at_o a_o low_a exchange_n to_o maintain_v their_o rechange_n to_o their_o loss_n or_o else_o must_v make_v quick_a sale_n of_o their_o commodity_n whereby_o they_o spoil_v the_o market_n of_o other_o which_o cause_v they_o to_o set_v over_o their_o bill_n obligatory_a receive_v for_o their_o clothes_n sell_v there_o either_o for_o money_n to_o pay_v the_o money_n take_v up_o here_o by_o exchange_n or_o for_o foreign_a commodity_n at_o dear_a rate_n by_o the_o say_v enhance_v money_n and_o otherwise_o which_o can_v but_o breed_v a_o overballance_a of_o commodity_n 6_o the_o say_v low_a exchange_n whereby_o the_o spanish_a merchant_n make_v a_o diversion_n of_o the_o royal_n of_o 8_o unto_o to_o those_o part_n find_v there_o more_o gain_v when_o they_o can_v make_v over_o their_o money_n by_o a_o low_a exchange_n do_v also_o divert_v from_o we_o a_o great_a trade_n by_o such_o employment_n as_o be_v make_v there_o upon_o foreign_a commodity_n as_o bay_n say_v and_o other_o new_a drapery_n make_v in_o those_o part_n which_o may_v be_v employ_v upon_o our_o commodity_n and_o can_v this_o negotiation_n be_v without_o argument_v of_o the_o say_v overballance_v 7_o if_o by_o occasion_n or_o accident_n money_n or_o bullion_n be_v impotted_a which_o may_v be_v carry_v to_o the_o mint_n and_o the_o money_n make_v thereof_o will_v be_v deliver_v by_o exchange_n to_o our_o merchant_n and_o so_o by_o they_o employ_v upon_o our_o commodity_n if_o the_o say_a be_v high_a or_o indiffetent_a it_o fall_v out_o that_o the_o say_v money_n or_o bullion_n be_v export_v again_o by_o other_o merchant_n which_o bring_v in_o foreign_a ware_n for_o it_o for_o gain_v still_o bear_v the_o sway_n thus_o by_o buy_v foreign_a commodity_n as_o it_o be_v by_o forcible_a mean_n of_o course_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o say_a undervaluation_n of_o our_o money_n by_o exchange_n and_o sell_v our_o native_a commodity_n by_o a_o false_a measure_n of_o exchange_n to_o our_o loss_n trade_n the_o cause_n of_o overballance_v and_o decay_n of_o trade_n at_o the_o pleasure_n of_o other_o nation_n and_o by_o convert_n their_o enhanced_a coin_n into_o starlin_n money_n by_o a_o low_a exchange_n and_o the_o continual_a exportation_n of_o our_o money_n afford_v such_o great_a gain_n and_o be_v debar_v to_o bring_v in_o money_n because_o of_o the_o loss_n have_v thereby_o be_v our_o trade_n decay_v and_o will_v be_v so_o although_o there_o be_v no_o more_o ware_n in_o christendom_n for_o these_o be_v the_o cause_n of_o overballance_v whereby_o the_o realm_n be_v impoverish_v which_o shall_v be_v more_o ample_o declare_v sublata_fw-la causa_fw-la tâ—ll_fw-la itur_fw-la effectus_fw-la now_o albeit_o that_o the_o contrary_a hereof_o do_v produce_v the_o benefit_n to_o the_o commonwealth_n and_o do_v proper_o belong_v to_o the_o remedy_n of_o the_o inconvenience_n of_o trade_n to_o be_v handle_v in_o the_o last_o chapter_n yet_o because_o it_o be_v more_o intelligible_a in_o this_o place_n let_v we_o declare_v the_o same_o benefit_n which_o will_v arise_v to_o the_o realm_n of_o england_n by_o the_o true_a valuation_n of_o our_o money_n in_o exchange_n to_o meet_v with_o the_o say_a inconvenience_n first_o trade_n mean_v to_o prevent_v the_o overballance_a of_o trade_n and_o to_o restore_v trade_n when_o the_o exchange_n do_v answer_v the_o true_a value_n of_o our_o money_n than_o there_o be_v no_o gain_n to_o be_v make_v by_o exportation_n which_o be_v prevent_v thereby_o 2_o the_o transportation_n of_o money_n be_v prevent_v will_v cause_v the_o great_a employment_n to_o be_v make_v upon_o our_o native_a commodity_n either_o by_o the_o merchant_n stranger_n or_o by_o english_a merchant_n to_o who_o the_o stranger_n will_v deliver_v his_o money_n by_o exchange_n for_o by_o the_o exportation_n he_o shall_v have_v no_o gain_n and_o therefore_o he_o will_v expect_v the_o taker_n of_o it_o by_o which_o plenty_n of_o money_n there_o will_v be_v a_o lively_a trade_n and_o the_o cause_n of_o overballance_v will_v diminsh_fw-mi 3_o the_o true_a value_n of_o our_o money_n or_o above_o be_v answer_v by_o a_o high_a exchange_n cause_v merchant_n stranger_n to_o sell_v their_o commodity_n according_a to_o the_o true_a value_n of_o the_o money_n whereby_o the_o overballance_a must_v needs_o decrease_v of_o course_n 4_o the_o undervaluation_n of_o our_o money_n and_o the_o inhaunce_n of_o foreign_a coin_n be_v meet_v withal_o and_o calculate_v in_o exchange_n cause_v money_n and_o bullion_n to_o be_v bring_v into_o the_o realm_n without_o loss_n and_o most_o time_n with_o gain_n and_o sometime_o with_o a_o little_a disadvantage_n because_o our_o merchant_n will_v rather_o than_o to_o buy_v foreign_a commodity_n dear_a have_v their_o money_n ready_a to_o be_v employ_v again_o â—_o this_o do_v also_o meet_v with_o the_o say_v over_o balance_v 5_o young_a english_a merchant_n which_o be_v taker_n of_o money_n beyond_o the_o sea_n will_v receive_v more_o by_o a_o high_a exchange_n there_o and_o find_v plenty_n of_o money_n shall_v not_o be_v drive_v to_o make_v rash_a sale_n or_o barter_n to_o their_o loss_n and_o hindrance_n of_o other_o which_o will_v also_o moderate_v the_o say_v over_o balance_v 6_o when_o the_o spanish_a merchant_n shall_v not_o be_v able_a to_o deliver_v their_o royal_n of_o 8_o or_o the_o money_n receive_v for_o they_o by_o a_o low_a exchange_n beyond_o the_o sea_n but_o according_a to_o the_o true_a value_n require_v by_o a_o just_a and_o lawful_a exchange_n then_o they_o will_v find_v no_o more_o gain_v there_o then_o here_o which_o will_v cause_v they_o to_o import_v the_o say_a royal_n here_o where_o the_o inward_a value_n will_v be_v answer_v unto_o they_o &_o the_o divert_a trade_n by_o these_o mean_n will_v return_v into_o england_n to_o employ_v the_o say_a royal_n or_o the_o money_n make_v thereof_o upon_o our_o bay_n say_v and_o other_o drapery_n which_o of_o course_n will_v qualify_v the_o say_a overballance_v 7_o thus_o money_n and_o bullion_n will_v then_o be_v import_v by_o a_o necessity_n of_o nature_n beyond_o all_o resistance_n and_o the_o dollar_n royal_n of_o 8_o and_o other_o coin_n bring_v in_o upon_o occasion_n or_o accidental_o will_v remain_v within_o the_o realm_n when_o there_o shall_v be_v no_o gain_n by_o the_o exportation_n because_o this_o true_a exchange_n rise_v and_o fall_v nevertheless_o above_o the_o value_n and_o not_o under_o will_v answer_v the_o say_a value_n and_o prevent_v that_o gain_n which_o be_v now_o procure_v in_o danger_n of_o the_o law_n adventure_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o of_o lewd_a person_n so_o that_o by_o compare_v the_o precedent_a benefit_n with_o the_o former_a inconvenience_n comparison_n a_o application_n of_o the_o comparison_n every_o man_n of_o judgement_n may_v easy_o see_v how_o hurtful_a the_o low_a exchange_n and_o underualuation_n of_o our_o money_n be_v to_o the_o commonwealth_n and_o on_o the_o contrary_a how_o beneficial_a the_o true_a valuation_n or_o high_a exchange_n will_v be_v concur_v with_o equity_n and_o true_a policy_n whereupon_o
money_n and_o exchange_n have_v be_v make_v as_o in_o the_o margin_n in_o primo_fw-la of_o king_n henry_n the_o eight_o sir_n thomas_z bullen_z knight_n be_v the_o king_n exchanger_n by_o letter_n patent_n for_o all_o change_n and_o rechange_n for_o foreign_a part_n as_o by_o the_o record_n appear_v in_o his_o majesty_n exchequer_n and_o there_o also_o you_o shall_v find_v that_o during_o the_o râ—igne_n of_o the_o say_a king_n henry_n the_o seven_o one_o petrus_n contarin_n a_o venetian_a merchant_n be_v sue_v in_o the_o ten_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n upon_o the_o say_a statute_n and_o the_o like_a â—uâ—e_n be_v bring_v in_o the_o ninteenth_fw-mi year_n follow_v against_o dominico_n polliâ—oâ—o_o the_o pope_n collector_n and_o lorenzo_n albâ—rti_fw-la upon_o the_o like_a condemnation_n do_v pay_v 933_o l._n cron._n graftons_n cron._n this_o cause_v the_o say_a king_n henry_n the_o eight_o in_o the_o twenty_o two_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n to_o make_v a_o very_a severe_a proclamation_n that_o no_o person_n shall_v make_v any_o exchange_n contrary_a to_o the_o true_a meaning_n of_o the_o say_a act_n and_o statute_n but_o as_o war_n discompound_v all_o good_a order_n and_o necessity_n have_v no_o law_n so_o in_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o this_o king_n reign_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o base_a money_n then_o coin_a this_o office_n of_o exchange_n do_v discontinue_v and_o in_o edward_n the_o sixth_o his_o time_n the_o practice_n of_o exchange_n be_v for_o a_o time_n prohibit_v but_o upon_o urgent_a necessity_n of_o the_o convenience_n thereof_o again_o admit_v unto_o merchant_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o the_o late_a queen_n elizabeth_n of_o bless_a memory_n the_o abuse_n of_o exchange_n be_v call_v in_o question_n by_o m_n r._n hussly_n governor_n of_o the_o merchant_n aduenturor_n afterward_o the_o lord_n burghley_n lord_n treasurer_n of_o england_n have_v a_o grant_n by_o letter_n patent_n of_o the_o say_a office_n for_o 23._o year_n who_o not_o be_v inform_v how_o the_o same_o shall_v be_v true_o govern_v after_o proclamation_n make_v can_v not_o find_v convenient_a mean_n to_o establish_v the_o same_o this_o in_o progress_n of_o time_n do_v touch_v the_o say_a lord_n so_o much_o in_o his_o honour_n and_o reputation_n that_o his_o son_n sir_n robert_n cecil_n lord_n treasurer_n of_o england_n after_o he_o will_v never_o incline_v to_o establish_v the_o say_a office_n much_o less_o to_o reform_v the_o abuse_n thereof_o beside_o some_o other_o consideration_n may_v move_v he_o because_o the_o business_n be_v propound_v by_o other_o so_o that_o misselden_n do_v speak_v untrue_o that_o the_o same_o be_v reject_v 92._o p._n 92._o for_o it_o have_v still_o continue_v and_o be_v in_o agitation_n even_o as_o the_o fish_n trade_n hitherto_o neglect_v whereof_o more_o hereafter_o the_o importance_n of_o the_o matter_n of_o exchange_n prince_n treaty_n of_o exchange_n with_o other_o prince_n do_v not_o only_o appear_v by_o the_o say_v general_a act_n of_o parliament_n hitherto_o unrepeal_v and_o now_o most_o necessary_a than_o ever_o to_o be_v put_v in_o practice_n but_o also_o by_o diverse_a treaty_n that_o the_o king_n of_o england_n have_v have_v by_o many_o conferrence_n with_o other_o prince_n and_o state_n concern_v the_o loss_n sustain_v thereby_o now_o utter_o neglect_v let_v it_o be_v consider_v what_o incredible_a loss_n england_n sustain_v when_o we_o loose_v above_o twoâ—shillings_n in_o the_o pound_n when_o the_o duchess_n of_o savoy_n regent_n of_o the_o low_a country_n allege_v that_o one_o half_a penny_n in_o the_o pound_n loss_n will_v ruin_v the_o state_n of_o those_o country_n as_o by_o ancient_a record_n in_o the_o exchequer_n appear_v king_n henry_n the_o eight_o be_v come_v to_o calais_n require_v the_o archdutches_n of_o austria_n than_o governor_n of_o the_o low_a country_n to_o permit_v his_o gold_n and_o silver_n to_o pass_v currant_n in_o her_o dominion_n a_o little_a above_o the_o true_a value_n thereof_o for_o the_o better_a enable_v of_o his_o soldier_n and_o merchant_n the_o duchess_n dispatch_v thomas_n gramay_n general_n of_o her_o mint_n and_o john_n dewsbrooke_n her_o assay-master_n with_o instruction_n to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n advertise_v he_o consideration_n notable_a consideration_n that_o to_o suffer_v the_o english_a coin_n run_v at_o a_o overvalue_n be_v against_o all_o statute_n and_o ordinance_n of_o the_o mint_n and_o that_o it_o will_v redound_v to_o the_o great_a scandal_n loss_n and_o harm_n to_o the_o commonweal_n and_o the_o harm_n and_o loss_n shall_v be_v so_o great_a that_o it_o be_v impossible_a to_o esteem_v it_o for_o the_o merchant_n find_v that_o more_o may_v be_v get_v in_o england_n then_o in_o her_o doâ—inions_n for_o bullion_n by_o this_o overualuation_n of_o the_o english_a coin_n will_v carry_v away_o all_o five_o gold_n melt_v and_o unmolten_a not_o only_o in_o ingot_n but_o also_o in_o piece_n of_o gold_n make_v in_o the_o archduke_n mint_n to_o convert_v they_o into_o angel_n noble_n by_o which_o mean_v the_o country_n and_o subject_n of_o the_o same_o shall_v be_v total_o consume_v spoil_v and_o destroy_v which_o will_v turn_v to_o a_o damage_n inestimable_a the_o like_a be_v affirm_v to_o ensue_v by_o the_o toleration_n of_o our_o english_a silver_n money_n to_o be_v over_o value_v centre_n gaine_n be_v still_o the_o centre_n because_o all_o merchant_n for_o their_o gain_n will_v carry_v into_o england_n not_o only_o the_o material_n of_o silver_n but_o also_o piece_n coin_a whereby_o the_o intercourse_n of_o merchandise_n shall_v cease_v and_o the_o merchant_n shall_v become_v merchant_n of_o silver_n without_o sell_v any_o other_o ware_n or_o merchandise_n furthermore_o she_o plead_v that_o never_o any_o prince_n will_v permit_v strange_a money_n to_o pass_v high_a than_o his_o own_o but_o that_o of_o custom_n they_o use_v the_o contrary_n and_o which_o be_v most_o effectual_a she_o urge_v that_o the_o ordinance_n of_o the_o mint_n for_o the_o benefit_n of_o the_o prince_n and_o his_o subject_n ought_v ever_o to_o be_v keep_v of_o good_a policy_n for_o a_o law_n firm_a and_o stable_a forasmuch_o the_o mean_n of_o prince_n and_o of_o nobleman_n together_o with_o the_o rent_n fee_n and_o wage_n of_o all_o his_o subject_n be_v tax_v and_o value_v and_o all_o merchandise_n rule_v and_o govern_v thereby_o wherefore_o without_o great_a necessity_n or_o evident_a utility_n no_o alteration_n ought_v to_o be_v make_v in_o the_o price_n of_o money_n upon_o this_o remoustrance_n the_o archdutchesse_n commissioner_n &_o the_o mint-master_n of_o the_o tower_n make_v assay_n of_o all_o english_a and_o flemish_a coin_n and_o after_o long_o dispute_v and_o wrangle_v the_o king_n can_v never_o obtain_v to_o have_v his_o coin_n pass_v at_o a_o half_a penny_n above_o the_o true_a value_n what_o shall_v we_o say_v of_o these_o our_o day_n wherein_o we_o suffer_v so_o great_a a_o underualuation_n of_o our_o money_n in_o exchange_n and_o inhauno_v of_o foreign_a coin_n whereby_o the_o trade_n be_v decay_v the_o realm_n impoverish_v and_o every_o man_n in_o a_o manner_n undo_v be_v all_o the_o precedent_a law_n and_o ordinance_n make_v in_o vain_a and_o forget_v when_o hercules_n have_v loâ—t_v his_o ox_n god_n bateman_n in_o his_o leaden_a god_n and_o have_v long_o time_n seek_v they_o in_o vain_a they_o be_v at_o last_o discover_v by_o their_o bellow_n to_o be_v in_o cacus_n den_n now_o cacos_fw-la in_o greek_a signify_v evil_a which_o draw_v man_n backward_o by_o the_o tail_n as_o cacus_n do_v the_o ox_n whenc_n i_o do_v conclude_v that_o the_o say_v law_n and_o ordinance_n be_v hide_v in_o misseldens_n den_n for_o in_o his_o circle_n he_o will_v take_v no_o notice_n of_o they_o 9_o p._n 9_o but_o keep_v they_o back_o but_o thanks_n be_v give_v unto_o god_n and_o honour_n to_o the_o king_n who_o out_o of_o his_o princely_a care_n and_o providence_n have_v hercules_n strength_n to_o put_v the_o say_a law_n in_o execution_n to_o which_o purpose_n and_o to_o advance_v trade_n his_o highness_n have_v be_v gracious_o please_v first_o to_o grant_v a_o special_a committee_n to_o examine_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o decay_n of_o trade_n next_o a_o especial_a commission_n direct_v to_o diverse_a noble_a personage_n and_o privy_a councillor_n of_o state_n associate_v with_o most_o worthy_a person_n of_o quality_n to_o divise_v wholesome_a remedy_n for_o these_o disease_n wherein_o they_o bestow_v unfatigable_a industry_n and_o pain_n to_o receive_v all_o information_n which_o may_v conduce_v they_o to_o find_v out_o the_o true_a remedy_n and_o discern_v they_o from_o all_o fallacy_n to_o they_o i_o doubt_v not_o my_o labour_n will_v be_v acceptable_a do_v free_o and_o sincere_o for_o the_o common_a good_a it_o may_v be_v that_o the_o reformation_n hereof_o have_v also_o be_v reserve_v until_o these_o day_n now_o the_o