Selected quad for the lemma: england_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
england_n	end_n	show_v	southeast_n	84	3	16.4313	5	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A80180	The lighting colomne or sea-mirrour containing the sea-coasts of the northern, eastern and western navigation: setting forth in divers necessarie sea-cards all the ports, rivers, bayes, roads, depths and sands ... With the discoveries of the chief countries, and on what cours and distance they lay one from another ... As also the situation of the northernly countries, as islands, the strate Davids, the isle of Ian-Mayen, Bear-Island, Old-Greenland, Spitsbergen and Nova Zembla ... Gathered out of the experience and practice of divers pilots and lovers of the famous art of navigation. By Jan van Loon. Whereunto is added a brief instruction of the art of navigation, together vvith nevv tables of the suns declination, also an almanack extending untill the yeare 1661.	Colom, Jacob Aertsz, 1599-1673.	1654 (1654)	Wing C5401A; ESTC R230954	549,120	428

de Finisterre south and by west westerly 150 leagues From Silly to Cape Cleare in Ireland northwest and by north 46 leagues From Silly to Waterfoord north by west 40 leagues From Silly to the C. of Cornewall northeast 9 leagues From the C. of Cornwall to S. Yves east and by north 5 leagues From S. Yves to Stoupert poynt northeast and by east 9 leagues From Stoupert to Hartland poynt northeast and by north 9 leagues .. From S. Yves to Hartland poynt n.e. 18 leagues From Hartland poynt to the Island Londey north 4 lea From the C. of Cornwall to Londey northeast and northeast and by north 25 leagues From the C. of Cornwall or Milford in Wales northnortheast 32 or 33 leagues From Silly to Milford northnortheast somewhat easterly 46 leagues From the Cape of Cornwall to the rock Tuskar north and by west 40 leagues From the Cape of Cornwal to Waterford northnorthwest 40 leagues From the west end of Londey to Biddeford eastsoutheast 5 leagues From Biddeford to Ilfercomb e.n.e. 4 leagues From Londey to the Holmes e.n.e. 20 leagues From the Steepholme to the river of Bristow northeast somewhat easterly 12 leagues From the Steepholme too the Naes westnorthwest about 7 leagues From the Naes to S. Gawens poynt west somewhat northerly 13 leagues From S. Gawens poynt to Milford haven northwest by north 3 leagues From the Island Scaline to Ramsey northnorthwest 2 leagues From Londey to Milford north by west and northnorthwest 12 or 13 leagues From Milford to the Cape of Cornewall southsouthwest 32 leagues From Milford to Silly southsouthwest and southwest by south 40 leagues Heights The south side of Silly lyeth in 50 degr or a little more The Cape of Cornwal lyeth in 50 degr 25 min. Londey lyeth in 51 degr 13 min. The Holmes lye in 51 degr 30 min. Milford in 51 degr 46 min. The Island Ramsey in 51 degr 50 min. How these Lands doe shew them selves at Sea Thus sheweth the Lizard when it is 5 or 6 leagues east and by north from you Mounts Bay The Lizard Thus sheweth the Lizard being east from you 4 or 5 leagues Thus sheweth the Land betwixt the Lizard and the Lands-end when the Lizard lyeth about east and by north and Mounts-bay north from you Lands end n. n. w. Mounts Bay n. e by n. and n. n. e. Thus sheweth the Lands-end and the land to the eastwards of it when it is northnorthwest and Mounts-bay is northeast and by north and northnortheast from you being a league from the land The Lands-end sheweth it selfe thus when you come in right within out of the sea The Lands-end being east from you sheweth thus East The Lands-end of England Thus sheweth the Lands-end when it lyeth southeast and by south seven or eight leagues from you and the round Hill to the northwards of it east then you may even see the low land betwixt them both Thus sheweth Silly being east northeast from you When Silly is southeast from you it sheweth thus When Silly is east 5 or 6 leagues from you it sheweth thus Silly being southwest from you sheweth thus When Silly is southeast and by east from you it sheweth thus Thus sheweth the land betwixt the Lands-end of England and the C. of Cornwall or the Island Bresam when you are on the Back-side of the Lands-end Thus sheweth the C. of Cornwall when it is east and by south from you so farre that you may but even see it from the poop Thus sheweth the land betwixt the C. of Cornwall and S. Yves when it is about 4 leagues from you Thus sheweth the land when you are before or thwart of S. Yves about five leagues without the land To the westwards of Stoupert sheweth the Land thus when you sayle alongst by it 2 or 3 leagues without the Land The Land to the eastwards of Padstow or Stoupert sheweth thus when it is 2 leagues east and south from you The Land of Stoupert or Padstow sheweth thus when you sayle alongst by it 3 or 4 leagues without the land When the Island Londey is north from you it sheweth thus When the Island Londey is n. n. w. from you it sheweth in this forme The entrance of Ilfercomb White-house Thus sheweth Ilfercomb when you are right before the entry of it close by the Land Axbridge Ilfercomb Thus sheweth the Coast of England betwixt Ilfercomb and the Holmes when you sayle alongst by it The Naes Cardief Silly Thus sheweth the Land of Wales from Cardief to Wormeshead Thus sheweth the coast of Wales betwixt the Island Caldy and Milford-haven when the northermost is northnortheast and the southermost is eastsoutheast from you and that you may but even see it from the poope Tinbuy Caldy The Land betwixt Tinbuy and Milford sheweth it selfe thus when you sayle alongst by the Land as is pourtrayed in the 2 figures as the AA belongeth one to the other the spire of the tower of Tinbuy is very white S. Davids-Bay The Land from Milford-poynt unto the poynt of S. Davids-head sheweth as is pourtrayed in these 2 figures From Mil-ford to Tinbuy men sayle alongst by the coast about 4 or 5 points it is most plaine Land like sand-hils About two leagues to the westwards of the poynt of Tinbuy standeth a Spire tower with 2 other small flat little towers more whereby the coast thereabouts is easy to be knowne The sixth Demonstration Where in The Southeast and east coast of Ireland is described betweene Corckbeg and Hedenhoo or Houth FRom the Lands end of England to Waterford the course is northnorthwest with that course you shall fall right with Waterford But from Silly to Waterford the course is north and by west somewhat northerly forty leagues betwixt both it is all oasie and soft ground Nine or ten leagues in the ossing from Ireland lieth a sand banck of forty fathom deepe where commonly fishermen lye to fish that is a certaine mark of the distance of the land The hill of Dongarvan when you finde it in cleare weather and when there is good sight then you may see the high mountaine of Dongarvan If you sayle from the Lands-end of England with a north west course 43 leagues soo shall you fall before the River of Corckbeg Corckbeg it is there a good way upwards with a low water 7. 8. 10. fathom water B●ll●●●tton Isle Foure leagues to the eastwards of Corck-haven lieth an Island called Ballecotton within it men may ride for westerly and southerly windes in foure five or six fathom Corck Iochull lye eastnortheast and westsouthwest distant seven or eight leagues The haven of Iochull Iochul is a broad haven where men must goe in at high water by the east land it lyeth in northwest and northwest and by north The west side is a sandy strand al alongst to the towne De Zuyd Oost zyde Van YERLANDTVan Dubling tot aen t' Eylandt Corkbeg Foure leagues to the eastwards

reckoned upon the Meridian or length of the earth from the westend of England Those which are more easterly from thence have the lesser declination when the Sun departeth from the Line and increaseth in declination either towards the North or South as wel betweene the 20 of March and the 22 of Iune as betweene the 23 of September and the 22 of December and the greater declination when the Sun returneth againe towards the Line whether it bee by north or by south the Line as wel betweene the 22 of December and the 20 of March as betweene the 22 of Iune and the 23 of December On the contrary those which are more westerly from thence have the waxing declination that is when the Sun runneth from the Line either by North or by South the Line the greater declination and the falling declination that is when the Sunne runneth againe towards the Line either by North or by South the Line maketh the lesse That commeth to passe by reason of time thus Those which are more easterly have the Sunne sooner in the south or in their Meridian and therefore is the waxing declination lesse and the falling greater on the contrary those which are more westerly have the Sonne later in the South and therefore have they the increasing declination more the decreasing lesse The first Example Concerning those which are more easterly with rising declination upon the 25 of March in the second yeare following the Leap-yeare I desire to know ●he Sonnes declination at noone at Bantam in the East-Indies First I seeke upon a Globe or any other Table how much more Easterly Bantam lyeth then the Lands end of England and I find it to bee about 120 degrees herein wee reckon not so neare upon a degree or two because such a difference is but little in this respect whilst then the Sonne must have 24 houres to run about the heaven or the whole earth which is 360 degrees I seeke how much time hee must have to run 120 degrees and I say thus 360 degrees ma●● 24 houres what maketh then 120 facit 8 houres 〈◊〉 thence I find that the Sunne commeth 8 houres sooner to the South at Bantam then at the Lands end of England that is That the Sunne is fall South at Bantam when it is but 4 a clock after midnight at Englands Lands end Then I looke in these Tables upon the abovewritten 25 of March for the declination of the Sun and I find it to bee 1 degree 57 minutes and out of the declination on the day following 2 degrees 21 minutes that the declination of the Sun at that time in 24 houres increaseth 24 minutes therefore say I if the declination increase 24 minutes in 24 houres how much in 8 houres facit 8 minutes from thence it is cleare that seeing the Sun runneth from the Meridian over Bantam to the Meridian of Englands end and the declination riseth or increaseth 8 minutes that it at Bantam is 8 minutes lesse as these Tables declare The Suns declination is that day at Bantam no more then 1 degree and 49 minutes by north the Line The Second Example With falling Declination Upon the 16 of the same yeare I desire to know the Suns declination at noone at Bantam and I find in these Tables upon that day for the length of England Lands end 2 degrees 40 minutes that it decreaseth every day at that time of the yeare 24 minutes Seeing then the Sun as is sayd in the first example cometh 8 houres sooner to the South at Bantam then at Englands end I say doth the declination decrease 24 minutes in 24 houres how much maketh it in 8 houres it maketh 8 minutes from thence it is knowne that seeing the Sonne runneth from the Meridian of Bantam to that of Englands End and the declination falleth 8 minutes and therefore at Bantam is it 8 minutes more even as these Tables declare The declination of the Sonne on that day is at Bantam 2 degrees and 48 minutes Observation From hence it followeth That one and the same Steer-man sayling eastwards to the Indies comming upon two such divers times before the Straite of Sunda and would take the height of the Pole according to the Sun of one and the same corner of Land and should use these Tables without such caution hee should though hee thought it wel done thereby taking one time 8 minutes soo much and the other time 8 minutes too little declination hee should find it to differ 16 minutes in his height therefore in long voyages you must thinke wel upon this The third Example Concerning those which are more Westerly with rising declination A certaine Ship comming upon the 9 of October in the third yeare after Leape-yeare upon the greate South Sea neare the Coast of Peru the Steerman desireth to know the Suns declination there at noone hee findeth out of a Globe or any other Table that that Coast lyeth full 80 degrees more Westerly then Englands Lands End The Sun must then run from the South over Englands end to the South of the foresaid Coast of Peru full 80 degrees to which hee requireth about 5 houres and an halfe so that when the Sun standeth there in the South it is then from Englands end halfe an houre past 5 in the afternone Hee findeth in these Tables the declination of that day 6 degrees 13 minutes by South the Line and out of that of the following day which is 6 degrees 36 minutes that at that time in 24 houres the declination riseth 23 min. therefore shall hee say the declination riseth in 24 houres 33 minutes how much then in 5 houres and a ½ facit full 5 minutes and from thence wee find that seeing the Sun running from the Meridian of Englands end to hert of the Coast of Peru riseth full 5 minutes and thereupon the declination on that day is there 5 minutes more even as the tables demonstrate The declination then on that day on the Coast of Peru is 6 degrees 18 minutes The fourth Example Concerning the falling declination Suppose that such commeth to passe on the foresaid Coast of Peru on the 8 of September the same yeare these tables point at the declination of that day 5 degrees 46 minutes and the day following 5 degrees 23 minutes so as upon that time of the yeare in 24 houres time the declination lesseneth 23 minutes The Steerman shal then reckon thus if in 24 houres the declination lesseneth 23 minutes how much is that in 5 houres and a halfe facit full 5 minutes and shall from thence find that his declination is there 5 minutes lesse as these Tables instruct the Sonnes declination then upon that day is upon the Coast of Peru 5 degrees 42 minutes from hence may bee understood what it is which before is said in the example of the more easterly that a Steereman whe would looke after the Sun on the Coast of Peru upon such two divers times in the same place and

grand forme 23 No. 8 The Coast of Norway from the Pater-nosters till Neus 32 No. 9 The Coast of Norway from the Neus till Bergen-lied 37 No. 10 The Bergen-liedt 38 No. 11 The Norway-Coast between Jeltefloert and the Point of Horrel 41 No. 12 The Dronten-Liedt 43 No. 13 The Coast of England from the river of London untill Wales 47 No. 14 The Coast of England and Scotland from Wales untill Coggen-Island 53 No. 15 The Coast of Scotland betwixt Coggen-Island and the Orcades 57 No. 16 The Coast of Fayerhill Hitland as also of the Isles of Ferie and other Islands behinde the North-West Point of Scotland 59 The second Book No. 17 The Generall Pas-Card of Dronten untill the Isle of Jan Mayen Spitsbergen Archangel as also Nova Zembla 63 No. 18 The Coast of Norway from Dronten untill J. Tromsond 63 No. 19 The Coast of Finmarcken from J. Tromsond untill North-kyn 64 No. 20 The Coast of Norway from North-kyn untill the river of Kola 67 No. 21 The Coast of Lapland betwixt the river of Kola and the Island of Swetenoes 70 No. 22 The Coasts of the Mouth of the White-Sea 74 No. 23 The Coasts of the White-Sea 77 No. XXIII The River of the Archangel in grand form 77 The third Book No. 23¼ The generall Pas-Card how men shall go from Hitland the Isle of Jan May Ysland and the Strates of David 78¼ No. 23½ Card or Map of the Isle of Jan May. 78½ No. 23¼ Card of Spits-bergen 78¼ The fourth Book No. 24 The generall Pas-Card of the East-sea 79 No. 25 The Coast of Schonen between Valsterboen untill Schenckenes and from the Isle of Ruga untill Rygs-head 79 No. 26 The Coast between Rygs-head and Der Winda 86 No. 27 The Coast between Der Winda and Revel as also the Islands of Alands-Haff 88 No. 28 The Coast between the Wolff-Isle and the uttermost of the East-sea 94 No. 29 The Coast of Sweden betwixt Oeland and Stockholm as also the Islands of Oeland and Gotland 98 No. 30 The Lied of Stockholm and the hole of Uttoy in grand form 99 A TABLE Of the Western-Water The first Book No. 2. THe Generall Pas-Card of the North-Sea 1 No. 3 The South-Sea the Fall of Urck and the Texel-stream 1 No. 31 The Coast of Holland from Texel to the Mase 3 No. 32 The Sea-Boesems of Texel and the Mase in grand form 3 No. 33 All the Sea-Boesems betwixt the Mase and the Wielingen 8 No. 34 The Coast of Flanders betwixt the Wielingen and the Heads 13 The second Book No. 35. The generall Pas-Card of England Scotland and Yrland 17 No. 36. The Coast of France from Swartenes to Ornay and from Dover to Bevezier 17 No. 37 The Brittan-Coast from Ornay to Heysant 21 No. 38 The Coast of England from Bevezier to Portland 26 No. 39 The Coast of England from Portland to Lezart 29 No. 40 The Coast of England from Lezart to the Cape of Cornwall and the Bristow-Canal 33 No. 41 The South-East and Eastern Coast of Yrland from Corkbeg unto Hedenhoo or Dublin 40 No. 42 The North-East Coast of Yrland from Hout to Horn-head as also Scotland right over 48 No. 43 The North-West Coast of Yrland from Hornhead to Slynehead 52 No. 44 The West-point and South-Coast of Yrland from Slynehead unto Corck-haven 55 The third Book No. 45 The generall Pas-Card of the France-Coast and the Coast of Spain from Heysant unto the innermost of the Strates 61 No. 46 The France-coast from Heysant unto the Isle Boelin 61 No. 47 The Coast of France from Boelin and the river of Bordeaux 67 No. 48 The Map of the river of Bordeaux as from thence also to S. Sebastian 71 No. 49 The Coast of Biscay from the Kings-road unto the Island of S. Cyprian 75 No. 50 The Coast of Gallicia and Portugal from the Isle of S. Cyprian and Camina 80 No. 51 The Coast of the Northern part of Portugal and Camina untill Pissage 86 No. 52 The Coast of the Southerly part of Portugal from Pissage to S. Uves 88 No. 53 The Coast of Algarbe and Andaluzia from S. Uves unto Palos 90 No. 54 The Coast of Andaluzia from Palos untill through the Strate of Gibraltar by Modril and the Coast of Barbarie from Cape de Spartel to old Mamora 93 The fourth Book No. 55 The generall Pas-card of the Coasts of Barbarie Gualata Arguyn de Flamish and Canarian Coast as also the South-Islands from the Strate to C. de Verde 99 No. 56 The Coast of Barbarie from old Mamora unto C. de Geer as also the Flamish Isles 99 No. 57 Map of the Canarie Islands 105 Pascaart van EUROPA Al 's mede een gedeelt vande cust van Africa The first part THE FIRST BOOKE OF THE LIGHTNING-COLVMNE OR SEA MIRROUR WHEREIN IS The Description of the whole NORTH-SEA Furnished with all the needfull Seacards sights of Land with divers changes as well in the courses distances as in the heights and purged from many faults Gathered together from the experience of divers Famous Seamen and lovers of Navigation never before brought to light By IOHN van LOON Practicioner in the Sciences of Astronomy Geometry and the Mathematiques IN AMSTERDAM Printed by Iohn Iohnson dwelling at the Signe of the Passe-card 1654. Pas caarte van de NOORT ZEE Vertonende van Caliz tot Dronten al 's oock tusschen Doeveren en Hitlandt Pascaarte vande ZUYDER-ZEE Texel ende vlie-stroom al 's mede 't Amelander gat The first part of the New LIGHTNING SEA COLUMNE OR SEA MIRROUR THE FIRST BOOKE Of the EASTERNE NAVIGATION Containing The description of the north Sea the Coast of Holland Friesland Holstein Iutland Meklenburgh and Denemarck to Valsterboen in the Island of Rugen and with all the coast of Norway to Dronten as also the east side of England and Scotland The first Demonstration Where in Are described the south Sea the Vliestreame the Vlie and the channell of Ameland WHen you saile from Amsterdam to the Fall of Vrck you must keep the middle of the channell in sailing to Tyoort and from thence over Pampus Pampus with a shipp of great draught that draweth tenne foot or more keepe Marcken church without to the land of Udam called Schyteldoecks-haven so long untill that the steeple of Zuyderwouw come past Kinnigherbuert which are the houses half way betwixt Schyteldoecks-haven Durgerdam goe then towards the land e. untill that the New church of Amsterdam come about Durgerdam keepe that so standing untill that the church of Weesp be come past the House or Castle at Muyen so that it do stand somewhat nearer to Muyen then to the House keepe Weesp standing so untill that Edam come without the east end of Marken In this farewaye it is a foote deeper then if you sailed right through For to avoyde Muyen sand men were wont to bring the houses which were wont to stand upon Tyoort to the southwards of the Heyligher-stee at Amsterdam thereby you may make some

east side a hooke which lyeth to the eastwards running to nothing allmost against Newport this bank is three or foure fathom and upon the east end five six fathom The fourth is alsoo in two banks the eastermost is called Sandele Sandele or Oudemoers bank Oudmoers Banck and the westermost Cal bank Calbank of some called alsoo Small bank which lyeth alongst by the Broad-bank but that outer end lyeth at least two great leagues of The shippes that will goe before Dunkerck cannot get alongst by Flanders doe runne about without these bankes untill they come against Broad-banke and then runne in alongst by it 5 or 6 fathom The Channell is 15 fathom deep and every one of these foure bankes hath a dry Poelder When 2 Steeples that are somewhat flat to the southward of Newport stand a handpikes length asunder then are you thwart of these foure bankes here before mentioned which are not deeper at low water then one fathom and at spring-tydes fall almost dry Betwixt all these bankes you may anchor in 9. 10. 11. and also in 12 fathom you may runne over them in 4 fathom but when you are to the westwards of them you shall finde it deeper to wit 8. 9. and 10 fathom The Broers banck Broers banck is three cornerd and lieth close by the land thwart of Broers and the Cloyster Ten Duynē and lyeth of from the shoare about westnorthwest a league into the sea when the Cloyster Ten Duynen or the Broers lyeth south from you then you are at the innermost part of the Broers-bank you may runne through betwixt the land and this banck in foure fathom at low water but men doe run commonly about to the westwards of it when they sayle through within the bankes alongst the Coast of Flanders A little to the westwards of Broers-banck lyeth the Cams-banke Cams-banck which is three fathom deepe and lyeth in many Rasses you may run through betwixt the land and this banke also in 8. 9. and 10. fathom and alsoo may ride there for alt winds By the land betwixt this bank and Broers-banck it is 5 fathom deepe When you run through betwixt this banke and the land then you come alongst by the Quade bank untill you come before the Haven of Dunkerck When you are a good wayes past the head of Dunkerck about s w. from the Splinter then you runne over a shoale of two fathom called Wilbaert Sound Wilbaert Sound being over it you shall have againe then 11 12 fa. When Borburger Steeple commeth in the valley of the sand-hill then you are thwart of this bancke by these markes you may sayle through these bancks northnorthwest into the sea and come against the tayle of the Broad-banck in foure fathom When as that you doe edge againe somewhat towards the land in twelve thirteene or fifteene fathom then you may sayle through betwixt the Broad and the Small ban●ke on eastnortheast or east and by north untill you are past the Cloyster Ten Duynen or the Broers-Banck which lyeth off from the Cloyster about a league into the sea To the eastwards past this banck it beginneth to be shoale water against Newport foure or five fathom being past Newport you must edge towards the land in eight or nine fathom keeping close to the land and then you shal run through betwixt the land and the Geere which lyeth alongst towards Oostend When you come against Oostend then you are cleare of the bancks and then you may run into the sea for to goe into the Wielings Markes of the Flemish bancks There lye yet five long banckes alongst Flanders When Graveling is southeast from you then you are thwart of the south end of these bankes and when Newport is southeast from you Then you are thwarr of the north end of them they are very long and betwixt each goeth a wide Channell through of eight nine twelve fifteene sixteen eighteene nineteene and twenty fathom deepe each of a severall depth The outermost or westermost banke called the Cliffe The cliffe lyeth from Callice cliffe northnortheast about foure leagues and a halfe and is three fathom and a halfe deep betwixt this and the other goeth a wide channell throug of three and twenty and 24 fathom deep The second called the Ruyting The Ruytinig lyeth from Callice cliffe northeast and by north about foure leagues and is there five or six fathom deepe but upon the south end of it is a Poelder of a fathom and a halfe When the south end of Winocxbergen commeth betwixt the two flat steeples to the westwards of Dunkerck then are you thwart of this Poelder There stand three or foure mils to the eastwards of Dunkerck when the outermost commeth over the east end of the towne that is also a good mark of this Poelder or shoale and then the steeple of Dunkerck shall be from you s e five leagues Betwixt this and the third goeth alsoo a channell through of 12 and 13 fathom The third called the Dyke The Dyke lyeth from Callice Cliffe northeast and is deepe foure five fathom upon the south and north end of this Bancke are Poelders the southermost is deepe one fathom and lyeth also upon the markes of Winocxbergen about northwest somewhat westerly from Dunkerck is called the Polder of the Dyke or Dyke-Polder the other Polder or shoale of this bancke is about foure fathom and two foot deepe and lyeth n. w. from the Cloyster Ten Duynen These bancks are very dangerous for the Ruyting lyeth allmost in the fare-way and at low water they have no more then two fathom depth The fourth banck called Kettell-banck lyeth from Callice-Cliffe northeast and by cast and is deepe three foure five and six fathom Upon the south end is a shoale of one fathom water at low water at spring-tydes these Polders fall dry Alongst by this goeth also a channell through of 19 and 20 fathom To the eastwards of the Kettel-banck to wit betwixt that and the Broad-banck goeth throug a great channell of 19 and 20 fathom In all the channels betwixt the foresaid banckes men may turne to windwards every where from one bancke to the other anchor betwixt the bancks where they will The south end of the Broad-bancke Broad banck lyeth from Callice-cliffe eastnortheast and hath one shoale upon the south end of one fathom and a halfe is throughout three and 4 fathom deepe The north end is deep 6 7 and 8 fathom and lyeth so far to the northward untill Newport be northwest from you or the Cloyster Ten Duynen bee northnorthwest 5 or 6 leagues from you The Coast of England from Dover to the north Forland Betwixt Callice and Dover amiddest in the fare-way or somewhat nearer the French side then the English lyeth a narrow bancke of foure leagues long lying about n. n. east and southsouthwest alongst the land of Blacknesse being called the Vaen and by the Dutchmen called Vrow-sand

banckes the fore-flood falleth over the banks towards the land about the third part of the tyde afterwards alongst the Land but the after-flood falleth to the northwards alongst the sea in the right fareway When the flood beginneth to go there thwart off at sea then it is already halfflood on the land and the water flowen halfe wayes soo that men may goe into all the Havens on the Flemish coast with 5 or 6 foot water In the middest through the Heades the flood falleth n. e. by east the ebbe southwest by west Fro. Dover to the n. Forland the tyde falleth through within the Goodding n. s over the Brakes Quernes Before Callice and Blacknesse the flood falleth first one quarter to the land afterwards n. n. e. Of the Depths In the right fare-way betwixt the Marsdeep the Heades it is 23 24 fathom deepe A little without the Flemish bankes 18. 19. 20 fathom but neere Goodding or about the north Forland it is 26. 28. and also 30 fathom deep the neerer Goodding the deeper water Being thwart of Goodding in 28 or 29 fathom you shall not be 2 shots of a cast-peece from it For to sayl out of the Marsdeep towards the Head go not on otherwise then southwest southw and by south but you must be very carefull to take heed of the tydes when you shall reckon to have sayled 40 or 46 leagues then edge over to the Flemish banckes untill you come in 20 or 18 fathom when that you are sure of these grounds then goe on southwest at length southwest by west you shal come in the midst betwixt the Heads of Callice Dover Flanders you may see from the Poope in 16 fathom and then you are within the poynt of the Flemish banckes Callice cliffe the south Forland or the poynt of Dover you may see when you are before them in 24 fathom Courses Distances From Blanckenbrough to Ostend s w by w. 2 leagues From Oostend to Newport w. s.w 3 leagues From Newport to Dunkerck w. sw 5 leagues From Dunkerck to Graveling w. s.w 5 leagues From Graveling to Callice w. s.w 4 leagues From Callice to Callice-cliffe s w by west 1 league From the Heades of Callice and Dover to the Riffe of Iutland northnortheast 120 leagues From Callice-Cliffe to the Naze in Norway north north east somewat northerly 143 leagues Heights The Heads and Dover lye in 51 degr 12 min. How these Lands doe shew themselves at Sea Wenduynen Ostend Middlekerck Newpoort Wackerhout S. Catelijn Lombardside Thus sheweth the coast of Flanders betwixt Ostend and Newport Thus sheweth Dover when you sayle to the westwards of the Vaen or Vrow-sand through the Heades When you run from the Downes towards the north Forland then the land sheweth it self thus Newport The Broers Soutkoten Dunkerck Graveling Callice Thus sheweth the coast of Flanders betwixt Newport and Callice when you sayle alongst by it The second part THE SECOND BOOKE OF THE LIGHTNING-COLVMNE OR SEA MIRROUR WHEREIN Is contained the Description of the Sea-Coasts of the Channell between England and France and likewise the Sea-coast of Ireland Furnished with all the needfull Seacards sights of Land with divers changes as well in the courses distances as in the heights and purged from many faults Gathered together from the experience of divers Famons Seamen and lovers of Navigation never before brought to light By IOHN van LOON Practicioner in the Sciences of Astronomy Geometry and the Mathematiques IN AMSTERDAM Printed by Iohn Iohnson dwelling at the Signe of the Passe-card 1654. Pascaart vant CANAAL Begrypende in sich Engelandt Schotlandt en jerlandt al 's mede een gedeelt van Francryck De Cust van NORMANDIE en Picardie al 's mede een gedeelt in Engelandt tusschen de Hoofden ende Ornay The second part of the New LIGHTNING COLUMNE THE SECOND BOOKE Of the WESTERNE NAVIGATION Containing The description of the Sea-Coasts of France from Blackenesse to Ushand and the Coasts of England from Dover westwards to the Lands end the Channel of Bristow with all the Sea-Coasts of Ireland The first demonstration Where in Are set fourth the Coasts of France from Blacknesse to the Island Aldernay or Ornay From Dover to Beachy ABout a great league to the westwards of Callice cliffe lyeth Blackenesse Blacknisse a fowle out-poynt thwart of it lye many rocks alongst the shoare From Blacknesse to the River of Bullen lyeth the coast south and by east three leagues a league to the southwards of the Nesse the land falleth somewhat in with a faire sandy Baye In this Baye lyeth a Fisher village on the coast thwart of it in the sandy Baye is a very good roade for easterly windes in 5. 6. 10. 15. and 16. fathom according as you will lye farre from the shoare For to anchor there you must bring the steeple of the village over the middest of the houses This place is called S. Iohns roade S. Johns Roade A little to the northwards of that foresayd Fisher village stands a mill with some houses from thence to the northwards you may not anchor for there the ground is fowle and stony To the southwards of the Roade towards the River of Bullen lye alsoo some little rockes alongst the coast which you must not come very neere to Upon the north poynt of the River of Bullen standeth a high thick Tower called the Tourd ' Ordre Tour d' Ordre by sea men the Old-man Oldman a speciall mark for to know the River by About an English mile to the northwards of this Tower a little mile from the shore lyeth a little suncken rock Suncken rock under water where a Huye or Smack may not goe over Upon the south poynt of the River of Bullen Bullen standeth a stone wall and upon it a great Beakon of a mast thwart of it from the south poynt lyeth off a little riffe or shoale that you must shun and run close alongst by the Head which lyeth at the north poynt and hath been there lately made When you are come within this Head you must presently let fall your anchor and ride there It is a tyde-haven there you must goe in at high water and at low water lye drye upon the chindle Without before the River lyeth a banck men were wont from the southwards to run in over in two fathom and from the northwards in three fathom but it is now to the southwards deeper through the scouring of the water alongst the foresayd Head which is made at the north poynt From the Oldman or the River of Bullen to Somme The Somme is the course south about eleven leagues between them lye alsoo two other rivers Cauche Auty upon the first lye Eastaples and Monstreu there you must goe in a middle channell at the highest water within it falleth altogether drye at low water Men may sayle into the Somme For to sayle into

Caldy which is between the Island and the poynt of the maine land to Tinbuy but it is there narrow yet cleane and deepe enough River of Carmarthen The river of Carmarthen lyeth from the Island Caldy northeast and by north distant about foure leagues the channell for to fayle in there lyeth in eastnortheast on the east or the south side lyeth a great Banck which lyeth off farre from the shoare and on the off-side goeth off flat For to sayle in there men may sound it in alongst by the east or north shoare untill they be over the shoalest of the barre there is upon it at halfe flood about foureteen foot water and being over the barre it will be againe foure fathom deepe or thereabouts then they may run in forth by theyr lead alongst by the south shoare untill they come within the river Foure or five leagues to the westwards of the Island Caldy lyeth Saint Gawens poynt S. Gawens poynt the south poynt of Wales by some called the White poynt About halfe an English mile southsouthwest from this poynt lieth a suncken rock called the Crow The Crow whereof men must take heede Two leagues to the westwards of S. Gawens poynt lyeth the haven of Milford Milford-haven a broad and wide sound lying in at the entry northeast in being come in within the poynts men may goe up to the northwards eastwards and southwards unto divers places and roades About by the north poynt men may sayle unto Daleroade there it is good lying in three fathom and three fathom and a halfe at low water When men come a little within the south poynt in the open of Milford haven there lyeth a little Island or rock like the Newstone by Plymmouth being past that a little they may run to the southwards into a bay where they may lye landlockt for all windes A little to the westwards of Milford-Haven lye two little Islands the southermost is the smallest called Stocholm Stockholm the northermost Scaline Scaline About two leagues northnorthwest or northwest by north from thence lyeth the Island Ramsey Ramsey there betwixt them hath the land a great Bay called the Broad-bay Broad Ramsey lyeth at the north poynt and Scaline at the south poynt off the Bay there in alongst the shoare is good riding for north northeast east southeast windes in 7. 8. nine fathom Upon the North poynt of this Bay lyeth a little Towne called Saint Davids S. Davids to the northwards off lyeth the Coast of Wales alongst Northeast unto Cardygan About 2 leagues west and by south to seawards from the Island Scaline and 3 leagues southwards from Ramsey lyeth that little Island Grasholm Grasholm which is a round cleane rock about foure leagues off from it lye also two little Lands which are fowle called the Smalles Smalles The lying of them with the dangers there of you may reade in the description of Ireland On the northwest side of the Island Ramsey lyeth the Bishop with his Clearks Bishop with his Clearks these are rockes that lye off to the northwards and southwestwards of that Island a good way to sea About five leagues northwest or somewhat northerly from Ramesey lyeth another great rock called Mascus Mascus which is all round about foule with many suncken rocks He that commeth to saile thereabouts or to lye by must take very good heed of them The Island Ramsey or the north poynt of Wales and the southeast poynt of Ireland lye about eastsoutheast and west northwest distant 16 leagues Of the Tydes and Courses of the Streames In Mounts Bay and at the Lands end of England a westsouthwest and eastnortheast moon maketh high water In Silly a southwest and by west moone maketh full sea A seaboard of Silly in the channell likewise a southwest by west Moone In the entring of the channell a southwest and northeast Moone From Silly to the Lizard the flood falleth northeast the ebbe southwest Betwixt Silly and Londey the flood falleth northeast the ebbe southwest In Silly a southwest and by west Moone maketh high water On the coast of England betwixt the Cape of Cornwall and Hartland poynt a westsouthwest and west and by south Moon maketh high water Thwart of the Island Londey a west and by south but on the Island an east and west Moone At the Island Londey and at the Holmes an east and west Moone maketh high water At Bristow within a west and by north Moone maketh full sea At Milford haven an east and by north and west and by south Moon maketh high water In the channel of Bristow betwixt Londey the Holmes the flood falleth e. n.e. and the ebbe westsouthwest Within the Holms towards Bristow the flood falleth northeast and by east and the ebbe southwest and by west Betwixt Londey and Mildford the streame falleth northeast and northeast and by east Of the Depths Men may see on Silly the south side in 52 fathom the ground there is stony with some red shels The lands end of England men may see alsoo in 25 fathom Silly may be seene on the north side in 45. 46. and 48. fathom there the ground is oasy with some little stones amongst it When men are to the northwards of Silly it sheweth first in two Islands upon the eastermost they shall see a tower or little castle to the eastwards of the 2 Islands they shall see also two great hilly rockes and to the westwards three high black rockes Westnorthwest and west and by north ten or eleven leagues from Silly the ground is oasie and soft that men can scarce get any of it upon the lead there come some little shels amongst it Betwixt the Lands end of England and Londey in the fareway it is 45 fathom deepe the land of Cornwall men may see in 44 fathom Three or foure leagues without the land thwart of Saint Yves Stoupert or Padstow the ground is sharpe and rocky but neerer the land it is all sandy ground Betwixt S. Yves and Hartlands poynt are many white chalky hills alongst the coast especially neere by Stoupert or Padstow whereby this coast is to be knowne In the channell betwixt the Holmes and Bristow it is deep 12. 13. and 14 fathom and men may see the land on both sides Upon the coast of Wales about Milford and to the northwards of it men may see the land in 42 and 45 fathom Courses Distances From the Lizard to the Lands end westnorthwest 9 or 10 leagues From the Lands end to Silly w. s.w 8 leagues From the Lizard to the Gulfe the course is west and by north 10 leagues From the Lands end to the Gulfe the course is southsouthwest 3 leagues From the Gulfe to Silly west 5 leagues From Silly to the Caskets east somewhat southerly 55 leagues From Silly to Ushant the course is southeast and by south 35 leagues From Silly to C.

Saltees eastnortheast until Carnaroort with many bayes and all oasie and black sandy A man being acquainted there should at a need in many places finde good roads there is nothing that can hurt you except a little fowle place a little to the. w. ward of Carnaroort close by the shoare He that commeth out of Waterford For to avoyd the fowle grounds of the Saltees and will goe about to the southwards of the Saltees must not go more easterly then e. s east for to go cleare of the fowle grounds wich lye to the southwardes of the Saltees and when the Saltees shall be north of him then lyeth the course from thence to the Tuskar directly northeast or a little more easterly But for to go alongst without the Tuskar a man must goe at least northeast and by east to goe cleare of him The Tuskar Tuskar is a great black smooth rock lying like unto a ship turned up-side down but is about twice so great at the north side of it lye also two small rockes under water The Tuskar lyeth from the poynt of Gr●noore s e by east and e. s east distant one league from the Saltees n.n. east foure leagues and a halfe from Black-rock also east northeast two leagues and a halfe and from the Lands end of England n. and by west Southeast and by south about ten leagues from the Tuskar lye two little Jslands close one by another about foure leagues from Grasholme called the Smaels Smaels at high water spring tydes the water floweth over them the northermost is called Scakum the southermost is called Kamey there lye off in the sea 2 little shoals from them the one north-northwest and the other southsoutheast Betwixt the Smals and Grasholme lyeth also a ledge of rockes which at low water may bee seene above water It is not without great danger to goe through betwixt them both especialy with calmes by reason of the tyde that runneth very strong there through an eastsoutheast moone maketh high water without the Smaels From the Tuskar east and by south about eight leagues lyeth also a great rock with many small rockes round about it called Mascus Mascus rock Hee that commeth from England and will sayle towards Ireland must take great heed thereof especialy when as through westerly or northerly windes he shall be driven a little to the eastwards of the course Road under Carnaroort For to anchor under the poynt of Carnaroort comming from the west you must take heed to come no ne●rer the shoare then in sixe fathom untill that you shall be passed by the high hill that lyeth to the westwards of the point when you shall have brought out the mill to the eastwards the length of a capstane barre then you may anchor in 9 fathom There is very good riding From Carnaroort to S. Margets bay the shoare lyeth along northeast one league it is betwixt both rocky and fowle but the fowle ground lieth not farre off at sea For to keep cleare without it you must keepe so far off the shoare that you may see the topps of the double land within about the cliffe land you need not feare but if you come so neere the shoare that the double land within bee covered of the foremost cliffe land or that thereby it get out of your sight you shall then surely sayle upon the foresayd rockes By S. Margets Bay upon the foresayd land standeth a Gentlemans house in the hills when you have brought that w●th the mill that standeth within one in the other then you may goe into the roade and leave the rockes which lye above water halfe waies over the bay either on starboard or larboard of you anchor there in five or sixe fathom sandy ground About s f.e from S. Margets Bay off at sea lyeth a suncken rocke that at low water lyeth dry called Caliach Caliach for to avoyd it take heed unto these markes when you come from Carnaroort and have Black rock with the great Island of Saltees one in the other and keep them so and then sayle on northeast you shall goe right upon this suncken rock For to goe to the southwards of it then keepe black rock with the smallest Island of the Saltees one in the other Marks for Caliach or els for to goe to the northwards of it keep Blackrock without or to the eastwards of the great Island and then you shall not need to feare any danger of this suncken rocke From S. Margets bay to the point of Grenore lyeth the coast northeast halfe a league The poynt of Grenore is not very high but steep and flat on the toppe Riffe of Grenore off from it goeth a shoale about a quarter of a league into sea east and by south of very rocks and stones the which at low water falleth dry a good wayes off the shoare The ships comming from the southwards that are bound for Dublin or washford goe in commonly betwixt the Tuskar and the foresayd rockes of Grenore for to come within the banck or sands Oftentimes they goe into Waterford for to hire a pilot to bring them up For him that will be his owne Pilot wee will describe all the markes that are to be taken heed of as well for to sayle into Grenore as also into the deep or haven of Washford as they are now at this time and hereby doe advise men that they doe not alwayes continue so because by reason of the floods the channell doth shift and stretch it selfe out more northerly and also waxeth deeper Comming out of the sea about a league or two neere unto Grenore you shall see the high ragged double land high above the poynt of Grenore which as is aforesayd is not very high but flat on the top By that sayd high ragged double land within men do know the entrance of the channell of Washford When men doe come from the southwardes and the eastwardes When you have sight of the poynt of the Grenore you may boldly goe right with it untill that sayd double land doe shew it felfe by estimation but a mans length above the poynt of Grenore a sheweth this figure The high land over the poynt of Grenore The stat foore land of Grenore Then are you farre enough from the shoare not to bee in any danger of the shoale of Grenore Or els you may fit you selfe that you come no neere the shoare then in sixe or seven fathom but yet for need a man may borrow of the shoale in five fathom or foure fathom a halfe but you must also take heed that you goe not so farre off from it that you have more the eight or nine fathom depth otherwise you should come to neere the banck that lyeth to the northwardes of the Tuskar which on the inner side is very steepe and needle too upon it is no more then twelve foot water and close by it ten fathom deepe If that you

leagues From Mizanhead to Beerhaven n. and by w. 5 leagues From Beerhaven to the Island Whiddy the course is e. n. e. and n. e. and by e. 7 or 8 leagues From the Dorseys to Silly s e. and by e. 56 leagues From the Dorseys to Cape de Finisterre is the course s and by e. and south 173 leagues From Mizanhead to C. Cleare e. and by south distant 7 leagues From C. Cleare to Croockhaven n. w. 5 leagues From C. Cleare to C. Veelo or Oldhead e. n. e. and n. e. and by e. 14 leagues From Cape Cleare to the Landsend of England e. s e. 53 leagues From C. Cleare to Silly s e. and by e. 46 leagues From C. Cleare to C. de Finisterre south 173 leagues From Oldhead or C. de Velho to the haven of Kinsale is the course n. and by e. 2 leagues From Oldhead or C. de Velho to Corck e. north e. 5 or 6 leagues From C. de Velho to the Landes end of England s e. s e. and by e. 45 leagues Heights C. Clear lyeth in 51 degrees 12 minutes Cape de Velho or Oldhead lyeth in 51 degrees 28 min. How these Lands doe shew themselves at sea The Islands as also the maine land by north and by south the Bay of Galloway shew as you may see in these 5 following Figures when as you are right before the Island of Aron which lye before the Bay of Galloway North being 8 leagues from you N. n. e. 10 leagues These 4 following figures belong one to the other as the markes doe shew N. n. w. 6 leagues the mayne Land by n. Gallow. N. 3 leagues Betwixt these two Islands it is 20 fathom deepe The 3 Islands of Aron before Galloway E. and e. and by n. 4 leagues E. and e. s e. S. e. and by s 7 leagues S. s e. 8 leagues S. and by e. 9 leagues This belongeth to the 3 figures going before the AA BB CC one to the other N. n. e. 4. leagues East 5 leagues East n. e. 6 leagues Being 8 leag n.e. and by e. from you Thus sheweth the land on the Islands betweene Limbrick and Galloway when as you come out of the sea Being n. e. and by n. 4 leagues from you N. e. 4 leagues N. e. and by e. 5 leagues When as the middest of the Islands of Aron which lye before Galloway is north e. 4 Dutch leagues from you it sheweth itselfe thus and that southerly little Island sheweth then low and flat C. Kerry or Sinbrandonhill Blaskeyes The land of C. Kerry or Sinbrandonhill by some called Devils hill unto the Blaskeyes lying n. e. and by e. 5 or 6 leagues sheweth as is Described out in these two figures when the foresayd hill of Sinbrandon is e. s e. from you three or foure leagues Islands to the northwards of the Blaskeyes A Channell Sound of Blaskeyes The Blaskeyes Blasques Blasques S. south east being 2 leagues and a halfe from you The Blasques being s e. and by s 3 leagues from you sheweth thus Out-Rock Southeast 3 leagues from you The highest rock of the Blasques being two leagues e. and by south from you sheweth thus Northnorthwest The Blaskeyes Sound of Blaskeyes The Blaskeyes and the land to the eastwards of them doe shew themselves thus when you sayle from the Skellocks towards them An entrance All double ragged land The Skellockes Thus shew the Shellockes with the land to the eastwards or to the northwards of them when you are somewhat to the northwards of them and sayle alongst by them When you are by the Skellocks then the Islands lying to the northwards and to the eastwards of them shew themselves thus East and by north 2 leagues Skellockes E. s e. 2 leagues and a halfe The Skellockes being east and by south from you 3 leagues sheweth thus This is an entrance These Islands lye to the southwards and to the eastwards of the Skellockes the land from thence eastward towards the Dorseyes is all high broken and very ragged land This Island lyeth betwixt the Skellockes and the Dorseyes close by the land Thus shew the Dorseyes with the Rocks Bull Kow and Kalfe which lye without them they are to the southwards of you This and the figure following belong at the AA one to the othe When you are to the eastwards or to the southwards of Dorseyes they shew as is showne out in these 2 figures here before The east end at B sheweth almost like Cape Cleare being east from you but it is a higher land The Dorseys Hilly and very ragged Land Northeast and by east These two figures belong one to the other at the A A. Mizanhead A broad Channel but within it is all broken Land Eastnortheast C. Cleare When as Cape Cleare is eastnortheast from you and Mizanhead northeast and by east then is the land unto the Dorseys in these formes as is shewed in these two figures here before The Dorseys Mizanhead northeast and by east When as Mizanhead is northeast and by east about two leagues from you then sheweth the land to the northwards of it towards the Dorseys And then may you also see the Island of C. Cleare east from you Fastney C. Cleare The forme of C. Cleare with the rock Fastney Rock a little to the eastwards of Baltemore This belongeth to the figure going before the AA one to the other beeing the land to the eastwards of Baltemore Thus sheweth C. Cleare when it is north from you 5 leagues and there it is 58 fathom deepe C. Cleare sheweth thus being north and by west from you C. Cleare Sharpe hils within The Cape Cleare being n. w. 7 or 8 leagues off from you sheweth thus If you then beare n. you shall fall right with Oldhead when you come neare the shoare you shall loose sight of the high land it shall seeme to be all low land Land within Land within Land within This followeth the former figure the eastermost hommockes at A are the high hils about Iochull which you may hardly see when C. Cleare is n. w. from you 7 or 8 leagues off they lye far within the land and the clouds oftentimes hangover them C. Cleare Oldhead Point of Corck within the Island Hil within Iochul When you are before Oldhead two leagues or two leagues and a halfe a seaboard the land then sheweth the land to the westwards unto C. Cleare and the land to the eastwards of Oldhead in this forme When the poynt of Rosse is west and by north from you it sheweth thus Thus sheweth Oldhead when it is w. s w. a halfe league from you then may you see the Haven of Kinsale open When Oldhead is west 2 leagues from you it sheweth in this forme The land a little to the eastwards of Kinsale sheweth thus The land to the eastwards of Corck towards Iochull sheweth in this forme Old ruined houses The Rock betwixt Iochul and Corck When you are to the eastwards of Corck not