do live as Factors and Merchants at this day in His Majesties Plantations contrary to this as all Traders thither know And further it is said No Goods to be brought from the Plantations but in English Dessels ut Supra Encouragement is also given to the Plantation Trade by another Act of Parliament of the same year Entituled 12 Car. 2. An Aâ—â— for prohibiting the Planting Setting or Sowing of Tobacco in England or Ireland The said Act of Navigation is again confirmed and Inforced by another Act of Parliament in the Fourteenth year of the King Entituled 14 Car. 2. An act for preventing Frauds and Regulating Abuses in His Majesties Customs Also in the Fifteenth year of the King another Act Entituled 15 Car. 2. An Act for the Encouragement of Tade was made and amongst other things it was thus Enacted And in regard His Majesties Plantations beyond the Seas are Inhabited and Peopled by His Subjects of this His Kingdom of England for the maintaining a greater Correspondence and Kindness between them and keeping them in a firmer Dependence upon it and rendring them yet more Beneficial and Advantagious unto it in the farther Imployment and Increase of English Shipping and Sea-men vent of English Woollen and other Manufactures and Commodities rendring the Navigation to and from the same more Safe and Cheap and making this Kingdom a Staple not only of the Commodities of the Plantations but also of the Commodities of other Countries and Places for the supplying of them and it being the usage of other Nations to keep their Plantations Trade to themselves Be it Enacted and it is hereby Enacted that from and after the 25th day of March 1664. No Commodity of the Growth and Product or Manufacture of Europe shall be Imported into any Land Island Plantation Collony Teritory or Place to His Majesty belonging or which shall hereafter belong unto or be in the Possession of His Majesty his Heirs or Successors in Asia Africa or America Tangier only excepted but what shall be Bona Fide and without Fraud Laden and Shipped in England Wales or Town of Berwick upon Tweed and in English Built Shipping c. A little further And which shall be carried directly thence to the said Islands Plantations Collonies Teritories or Places and from no other place or places whatsoever any Law Statute or usage to the contrary notwithstanding and under the Penalty of the Loss of all such Commodities of the Growth Product or Manufacture of Europe as shall be Imported into any of them from any other Place whatsoever by Land or Water and if by Water of the Ship c. And a little further it follows thus And it is hereby further Enacted That if any Officer of the Customs in England Wales or Town of Berwick upon Tweed shall give any Warrant for or suffer any Sugar Tobacco Ginger Cotton-Wooll Indico Speckle-wood or Jamaica-Wood Fustick or other Dying Wood of the growth of any of the said Islands Collonies Plantations Teritories or Places to be carried into any other Country or Place whatsoever until they have been first Vnloaden Bona Fide and put on Shoar in some Haven or Port in England or Wales or in the Town of Berwick that every such Officer for such Offence shall forfeit his Place and the value of such of the said Goods as he shall give Warrant for or suffer to pass in any other Country or Place Also in the twenty second and twenty third years of the King the due Observation of the said Acts is again Enforced 22 and 23. Car. 2. by an Act Entituled An Act to prevent the Planting of Tobacco in England and for Regulating the Plantation Trade And by another Act in the five and twentieth year of the King Entituled An Act for the Encouragement of the Greenland and Eastland Trades and for the better securing the Plantation Trade 25 Car. 2. So that it plainly appears by the multiplicity of the Acts made in this Kings Reign already there having been no less than seven and the great Penalties laid on Merchants Owners of Ships and Officers of the Customs who are concerned therein that no care hath been wanting to oblige us to a due Observance thereof Yet if we take a strict view of the present Practices of the Jews we shall find that they not only break through these Laws made with a particular Relation to our Plantation Trade but also through all the former made to oblige them to the payment of Alien Duty without which as I said before no true Ballance of Trade can possibly be kept And in regard the Jews are a sort of Persons admired at by most Trading People all the World over as well as here in England for their great Wealth and that they all know it flows from the abundance of their Trade and Commerce and yet that they carry it on with so much Subtilty covering all in other mens Names that none but a person designed to dive into their Ways and Methods of Trade and leaving almost all other Concerns behind his back together with a resolution to stand his Point come what will on 't Poverty Imprisonment or rather than fail Life it self is fit to attempt so Crabbed a concern as to touch them to the quick It came into my thoughts to endeavour it and really the true value I have for our Nation in General and for the Merchants thereof in particular I have adventured to begin it and beg the Readers pardon for a small digression to shew that I was in some measure prepared for it before I began And it thus was before I was 16 years of Age which was in the year 1661. I was Clerk Assistant to Joseph Ash Esq Collector for the Customs of Plymouth and Cornwall with whom I remained about seven years then turned Adventurer at Sea and particularly to the Plantations in America When the last Dutch War came on I had Employs at Plymouth both in the Prize-Office and Admiralty And after that was ended I Traded into France till the Prohibition Act came on and leaving that endeavoured for an Imploy in the Customs again Which was granted mein the Month of June 1680. To be riding Surveyor for the Customes in the Counties of Devon and Cornwall My old Mr. Ash also gave me another Commission to be Surveyor of the Act of Navigation in those Counties and was so kind also to joyn with my my Noble Friend Sir John Coryton Baronet in a Bond for my Fidelity Being thus furnished with Commissions having all the precedent Laws at my Fingers end General Notions of the usual Actions of those whose Magazine of our Plantation Trade lyes at Amsterdam Rotterdam c. I set on with a firm Resolution to put all the foregoing Acts of Parliament in Execution against every Person Jew or Christian Merchant or Officer that I could meet with who were wilful Offenders therein in my Districts with hopes also that my Brethren who had the care
Faithful Execution and Discharge to the best of their knowledge and Power of their several Trusts and Imployments committed to their Charge and Inspection and that no person or persons shall hereafter be Imployed or put in Trust in the business of the Customs until he shall have first taken his Oath as aforesaid Is obliged to Act according to that Oath to his Knowledge and Power or on the contrary submit to the Pleasure of the Commissioners grounded on false Suggestions or Private Humour I make this Quaery because the Commissioners first Letter was grounded on the false Allegations of the Jews and their Agents and it was carried on on the private Humour and perhaps Interest too of Mr. Vpton and a certain Clerk Assistant Secondly Whether after Goods are legally Seized by an Officer and consequently are in the hands of the Law can be admitted to an Entry by the Commissioners without the consent of the Officer and without Prosecution according to Law 14 Car. 2. viz. And that no Informer or Officer shall be suffered to Compound under one Third of the Appraised value upon loss of his Office I make this Quary because the King lost by the Commissioners admitting three Guns to an Entry a Month after I had Seized them 428 l. 2 s. 0 d. and my self 435 l. 12 s. 0 d. if the Commissioners or Jews do not make it good Third Whether the Commissioners are not both by the Law and by their Places obliged to Encourage and Assist their Inseriour Offices in the due Persecution of Forfeitures I make this Query because by the Commissioners not Encouraging or assisting me in the Prosecution of the Forfeiture of all the Jews Goods in this Ship the King lost His Moyety which was at least 2500 l. more and so much I lost by it my self I expect that divers persons whose Hands this may come to will blame me for being so Severe with my Masters But I hope they will suspend that when they are assured that I have already been a Prisoner almost 4 years and on no other account than for the Faithful Discharge of my Trust that the greatest time thereof is occasion'd by the Non payment of the Money ordered me and that it hath cost me about 800 l. besides in discharging the Ship of her Lading in Law Charges and Expences and conclude with me that 't is more Reasonable as well as more Conscionable for them to make me some kind of Requital for my Zeal in His Majesties Service than still to Persecute me for it And though these Proceedings look like an Act of the whole Board yet I am perswaded that no particular Commissioner all along except Mr. Vpton and Sir Nicholas Butler had or hath any private dis-respect for me but that what they have Ordered concerning me hath flown from the Character one of them or Mr. Sanson hath given of me And I believe also that none except the aforesaid persons and some others usually concerned with Levi the Jew in abusing the King in His Moyety of Seizures do as much as know of my being taken from my Wayter at the Fleet and clapt into the Compter I am only to add that the way to prevent the Destruction of our Plantation Trade is for the Commissioners and all other Officers concerned to put our wholesome Laws in Execution and for all English Merchants and Masters or Commanders of Ships to make exact Entries or Reports and then of necessity our English Traders thither will rise as fast as the Jews On pressing this Truth in many Companies I never met more than one Objection and that was this Objection The Jews are a very Rich sort of People their Trade is very great they Imploy many Ships c. And should that be cut off abundance of People both here and the Plantations would soon feel the want of them Moreover the King would be much lessened in His Customs by breaking off their Trade Answer A multitude of English-men have Money lying by them which they would wâ—llingly Imploy in Merchandizing had they any Encouragement and you may be assured that the Vending of our own Product and Manufacture as well as the Consumption of Forreign Commodities would not be lessened one jot if there were not one Jew in England Nay if the English found Encouragement it might be expected their Expence would be according and so a greater Consumption would follow and consequently an â—dvance of His Majesties Customs And the Plantations will never want a Supply from England and from English-men if any Encouragement can be given to the Adventurers thither which can never be as long as Aliens are able to Under-sell them both Out and Home and the Plantations are Damnified as much as England For the Growth and Product of the Plantations equally suffer by their Sale in Europe as doth the Growth Product and Manufacture of Europe in the Plantations And for His Majesties Customs they cannot be lessened for the whole Product of the Plantations except what they make use of themselves must be by Law brought into England and Entred there And besides if the English did once arrive to this Encouragement they would always supply the Plantations with persons as well as Commodities which would Increase the Planters there and consequently the Bulk of their Product the Imploy of Shipping the Expence of European Asian Commodities brought them from England and Negroes from Africa by the English and the Revenues of His Majesty both in England and in the Plantations FINIS
AN ABSTRACT OF ALL THE STATUTES Made Concerning Aliens Trading IN ENGLAND From the first year of K. Henry the VII ALSO Of all the LAWS made for Securing our Plantation Trade to our Selves With Observations thereon proving that the Jews in their practical way of Trade at this time Break them all to the great Damage of the King in His Customs the Merchants in their Trade the whole Kingdom and His Majesties Plantations in America in their STAPLE Together with the Hardships and Difficulties the Author hath already met with in his Endeavouring to find out and Detect the Ways and Methods they take to Effect it By Samuel Hayne sometime Ryding-Surveyor for His Majesties Customs and Surveyor for the Act of Navigation in the Counties of Devon and Cornwal Printed by N. T. for the Author and are to be Sold by Walter Davis in Amen-Corner 1685. TO THE KING's MOST Sacred Majesty Dread Soveraign THe following Sheets were written before the Death of Your Majesties Royal Brother King Charles the Second of ever Blessed Memory And I had a design then to shew to His Majesty that several Jews to whom His Majesty had been Graciously pleased to Grant Letters Patents of Denization with a Clause inserted That they should pay no more Custom than English non obstante the Statutes Had Owned and Coloured the Goods of other Jews that had not such a Clause in their Patents and of some Jews who had no Patents at all By means whereof their own Pattents were at His Majesties Pleasure But while I was preparing Arguments and Proofs thereof it pleased God to put a period to His Majesties days and the Act of Tonnage and Poundage with the Articles annexed which Granted the Alien or Petty Custom to His Majesty received also there by its determination A few days after Your most Excellent Majesty sending forth Your Royal Proclamation for the continuation of the Receipt of Your Majesties Customs and declaring Your speedy calling of a Parliament I forbore the exposing my Sentiments to publick view till God should permit Your Majesties meeting with them And now that being most Happily Accomplished and the Act of Tonnage and Poundage with the Articles annexed being past for and during Your Majesties Life I humbly presume to aver that the aforesaid Clause inserted in those Jews Patents had an end with the said late King and that the present Act Grants to Your Majesty the Alien or Petty Customs in as full manner as if that Clause had never been Inserted I therefore humbly beg Your Majesty to direct that all Jews from the 6th day of February last do pay the Alien Duty as by Law they ought to do which will not only be many Thousands per Annum advance to Your Majesty in Your Customs but also be extream grateful to all Your Majesties fair dealing English Merchants Nor can I forbear to assert that the greater any persons Possessions are in England the more is their loss by the Illegal Trading of the Jews in Your Majesties Plantations in America For the larger their Lands are the more is their Growth and Product and the Advantagious Vendition thereof depends much on the Consumption the Plantations make of them Whereas the Jews here together with other Jews their Co-partners living in Holland making their Outward Cargoes at Holland thereby lessen the Consumption of the English Growth and Manufacture which not only Affects Your Majesty but also all Your Subjects of what degree or quality soever in the whole Nation My Endeavours however have not been for a total Extirpation of the Jews or their Trade here as some have aimed but only to oblige them to pay Your Majesties Customs and act according to Law that thereby the English Merchants might be Enabled to Sell as Cheap as themselves Which design only being as the Jews conceived of Grand Disadvantage to them they consulted as I have reason to believe their firm Friends at Custom-house how to deal with me and from thence proceeded the Offers of large Bribes to me on one hand which being rejected a Torrent of Threats followed on the other viz. Perpetual Imprisonment Rotting and Dying there and which they thought most prevalent Starving to Death They not knowing it seems that my most Noble Friend the Honnourable Collonel Strangways loved me too well to suffer that to whom only on all emergent Occasions I wrote for Supply and never failed of speedy and suitable Returns As soon as Your Majesty shall be pleased to demand Alien Duty from those Jews having Patents with the aforesaid Clause Your Majesty will find that they will fall in with some of Your Majesties Subjects in London as well as in the Out-Ports to cover their Trade I cannot so much blame the Jews as the English in this matter For to one 't is Natural to the other Vn-natural and a great Shame and Reproach to the Nation Also I am certain their Old Friends at Custom-house dare not leave them though considering Your Majesties Pay together with the Oaths and Sacraments they take the more firmly to tye them to their Duty in them it be Diabolical some whereof I have been forced for Truths-sake to Name And if it displeases any one of them I beg a fair Hearing whereon I am sure to let them know I have not been yet as Satyrical as I might or as their base Actions deserve The grand thing then for the future will be how to distinguish Jews Goods from English and Settle it so that no further Cheats be put on Your Majesty in Your Customes Your Subjects in their Staple and the Merchants in their Trade 'T is much easier to prevent future Frauds than discover past However I still affirm that I can make good my Proposals Fol. 29. including London too by the way of future prevention And besides that make it appear that of late years the wholesom Acts of Navigation Frauds c. Are like a Nose of Wax turned at the Pleasure of some now at Helm who pretend a small Duty taken contrary to Law is more grateful to Your Majesty than the due Execution of those Beneficial Statutes My Sufferings both in Body and Purse have been solely for my Zeal in the Service of my King and Country and no opportunity in my thoughts did ever happen since it began till now to express the Truth of it so that it might with Power repel the fury of my Enemies But now that God having seated Your Majesty on the Throne of Your Ancestors that the Laws recover Life that all my Actions have been Legal that I have not made one false step in my Duty and that the Substance of this Discourse hath relation to the benefit of Your Majesty and the whole Nation I have great hopes of Your Majesties Favour and Pardon for my Boldness in making this publick Address and that Your Majesty will believe I will never Swerve from my constant practice of Loyalty to the Crown and Obedience to the Establish'd Laws
both in Church and State whatever my future Condition may happen to be For I am Fleet London May 29th 1685. Sacred SIR Your Majesties Most Loyal Most Faithful and Undaunted though Oppressed Subject SAMUEL HAYNE CONCERNING Aliens Trading IN ENGLAND ALmost as soon as Trade it self began to Flourish in this Kingdom Aliens endeavour'd to be Sharers in it And because they might have the same Freedom therein that English-men had they by some good Interest or other got Patents of Denization and by that means paid no greater or higher Customs than the English Merchants But they it seems being formerly in Co-partnership with other Aliens who still remained so could not be contented with the Benefits they had procured for themselves but Clandestinly covered the Stocks and Adventures of the others The Perniciousness whereof appearing it was thought fit to put a thorow stop to such Proceedings And at a Parliament held in the first year of King Henry the Seventh it was thus Enacted viz. 1 Hen. 7. cap. 7. Where in time past divers Grants have been made by King Edward as well by his Letters Patents as by Acts of Parliament to divers Merchants Strangers born out of this Realm to be Denizens whereby they have and enjoy such Freedoms and Liberties as do Denizens born within this Realm as well in abatement of their Customs which they should bear if they were no Denizens as in Buying and Selling of their Merchandize to their great Avail and Lutre and oft-times suffer other Strangers not Denizens deceitfully to slip and carry great and notable substance of Merchandize in their Names by the which the said Goods be free of Custom in like-wise as they were Goods of a Denizen where of Right they ought to pay Custom as the Goods of Strangers by which they be greatly advanced in Riches and Honour And after they be so Enriched for the most part they convey themselves with their said Goods into their own Countries wherein they be naturally born to the great Impoverishing this Realm and to the great Hurt and Defraud of the Kings Highness in payment of his Customs Wherefore it is Enacted Established and Ordained by the Advice of the Lords Spiritual and Temporal and Commons in the said Parliament Assembled and by Authority of the same That any person made or hereafter to be made Denizen shall pay for his Merchandize like Custom and Subsidy as he ought or should pay as before that he was made Denizen any Letters Patents or other Ordinances by Parliament or otherwise contrary to this made notwithstanding However the shifting Humours of those Times corresponding much with our present Age found out another way to Defraud the King of his Due and his Loyal Subjects of their Trade For finding the aforesaid Act exactly put in Execution The Aliens then by Rewards c. Procured English-men to enter their Goods in English Names which Un-natural practice was also soon found out and to prevent any further Progress therein it was Enacted the third year of the aforesaid King Henry the Seventh 3 Hen. 7. That no manner of Merchant Denizen or Stranger do take upon him to Enter or cause to be Entred in the Books of any Customer in any Port within this Realm any manner of Merchandizes coming into the said Realm or going but of the same in any other Merchants Name saving only the Names of the true Merchant owner of the same upon pain of Forfeiture of all such Goods and Merchandizes so Entred And every of the said Merchants which shall so take upon him to cause such untrue Entry to be made to have Imprisonment and make Fine therefore at the Kings pleasure So that by this Act that shift also was cut off and 't is reasonable to believe that due Process was made against all English-men who became in any manner Trangressors thereof for that the Aliens did not thenceforth seek farther Protection from them but returned to their Old Co-partners that were made Denizens with whom they drove so vast a Trade that it became obvious to all the English Merchants And in regard the Statute of the First of King Henry the Seventh was by that time grown somewhat old another was made to the same purpose in the Eleventh year of the said King Henry the Seventh in these words 11 Hen. 7.14 Where the King our Soveraign Lord is greatly Deceived in his Customs and Subsidies by Merchants and Strangers such as the King our Soveraign Lord hath Granted by his Letters Patents to be Denizens and to pay no other Custom or Subsidies for their Merchandize Inward or Outward but as a Denizen under colour whereof they Custom not only their own Merchandizes under the form aforesaid but also they colourably enter into the Customers Books the Merchandizes of other Strangers calling and saying the said Goods of other Merchants to be the Goods of them so made Denizens to the great Loss and Defraud of the King our Soveraign Lord Wherefore be it Enacted by the King our Soveraign Lord the Lords Spiritual and Temporal and the Commons in this present Parliament Assembled and by Authority of the same that all Merchant Strangers and others that be made Denizens by the Kings Letters Patents or otherwise pay from henceforth such Customs and Subsidies for their Goods and Merchandizes Inward and Outward as they should have paid if such Letters and Patents had never to them been made Thus you see what great care was taken for the Advance of Trade in the days of that Good King And if you look into the Chronicles of his Time you will find what vast Treasure he left behind him and no doubt but that a great part thereof arose from the greatness of the Subjects Trade and the due payment of His Majestie Customs and Subsidies And though almost the whole Reign of King Henry the Eighth was accompanied with Wars and Disturbances either with the French Scots or the Pope yet was not the Consideration of Trade laid aside for in the twenty second year of his Reign 22 Hen. 8. cap. 8. the foregoing Acts of the First and Eleventh years of King Henry the Seventh were in Parliament Confirmed and all Subsidies Customs Tolls Duties and other Sums of Money were continued on the said Aliens made Denizens as they should or ought to have paid before they were Denizens any Grant or Grants to them made or hereafter to be made or any Act or Acts Statute or Ordinance to the contrary made or had not withstanding In the Reign of King Edward the Sixth 2 and 3 Ed. 6. cap 22. The Penalty of Customing other mens Goods whereby the King looseth his Duty is the Forfeiture of all the Goods and Chattels and personalls for ever The Informer half to be Prosecuted within three Years else void Queen Mary was so entangled in Religious Matters that the Parliaments in her dayes seem'd to wave all other concerns and it was but very short also which perhaps might be
this be granted which I Challenge all the Jews in Europe and America to deny if they can they may in every voyage from Amsterdam or Rotterdam to Barbadoes and back again to Amsterdam or Rotterdam Sell 20 per Cent. Cheaper than the English And this is the main if not only Reason our Merchants have to complain of the small Advance they make in our Plantation Trade our Markets are generally govern'd by the Dutch the Jews can under-sell us there and yet grow rich by it and will do so as long as they are permitted to Trade contrary to our Laws On the other hand let them be obliged to pay Alien Duty according to the Antient Statutes and fully obey the Acts of Navigation and Trade made 12 and 15 Car. 2. and then let them be able to under-sell the English if they can for I affirm 't is their breach of the Laws of the Nations they Trade in and not their Frugality only that is the cause of their Increase in Wealth And our Officers in some out-Ports are so kind as to admit prohibited Goods amongst others to an Entry from Holland and thence to New-York The first and only Entry that hath been made by any Jew in his own Name in any out-Port of England follows viz. Falmouth May 2d 1681 In the Philip of New-York English Built Burden 120 Tuns or there-abouts Thomas Thompson Master from Amsterdam for New-York Bryan Rogers for Fmanuel Rodrigo Merchant  Subsidy Add. Duty  l. s. d. l. s. d. A Pack of Twine 4 C. 2 qr net 0 11 3 0 0 0 2 Cases qt 950 course Drinking Glasses 0 11 10½ 0 0 0 2 Cases of Earthen Ware value 8 l. 0 11 0 0 0 0 A small Cask qt viz. 24 ps of Holland 370 Ells 4 12 6 2 3 11¼ 12 Ps. Sletia Diaper Inkle each 144 Yards 0 9 7 0 4 6¼ 4 Doz small Diaper unwrought val 2 l. 0 0 3 0 0 0 A pack containing 12 Nest of Boxes 0 0 0 0 0 0 A Barrel qt viz. 2 Doz Painting Brushes 0 0 3 0 0 0 5 C. 2 qr White Lead 0 1 6 0 0 0 2 qrs Red Lead 0 0 5 0 0 0 An half Hogshead of Linseed Oyl 0 8 9 0 0 0 A Case 12 Cheeses 56 C. Weight 0 0 3 0 0 0 A small Barrel qt 10 Cheeses 1 qr 14 l. 0 0 1½ 0 0 0 30 Chests of Tobacco-Pipes qt 420 Gross 1 11 0 0 0 0 A Case ql 15 doz 3 p. Leather Shoes and Slippers value 18 l. 05 s. 0 d. Subsidy is 0 18 3 0 0 0 2 Doz 5 pr. Velvet Slippers value 4 l. 7 s. 0 d. 0 4 4 0 0 0 2 great Mands qt 600 stone Jug◠Mugs v. 5 l. 0 7 6 0 0 0 A small Pack qt 2 qr 7 l. of Cheese 0 5 5 0 0 0 50 Chests of Tobacco-Pipes qt 650 Gross 2 8 9 0 0 0 A Mand qt viz. a parcel Wooden-ware val 2 l. 0 2 2 0 0 0 20 doz Ordinary Trenchers 0 0 4 0 0 0 10 Nest of Boxes 0 0 0½ 0 0 0 2 Stillings Irons value 10 s. 0 0 6 0 0 0 4 small Cheeses qt 14 l. 0 0 0½ 0 0 0 A Punchen of Twine qt 4 C. 2 qr Net 0 11 3 0 0 0 25 Chests of Tobacco-Pipes qt 300 Gross 1 2 6 0 0 0 12 Chests of Tobacco-Pipes qt 156 Gross 0 11 8½ 0 0 0 20 Ditto qt 240 Gross value 1 s. pr. Gross 0 16 0 0 0 0 25 Ditto qt 350 Gross 1 6 3 0 0 0 A small Cask qt ½ C. of Cheeses 0 0 2 0 0 0 3 Tomb-stones value 5 l. 0 5 0 0 0 0 6 Fowling pieces value 6 l. 0 6 0 0 0 0 4 pr. Pistols value 4 l. 0 4 0 0 0 0 534 Iron Pots 6 13 2 0 0 0 127 Stone-Jugs value 17 l. 6 s. 1 6 2 0 0 0 41 Dripping Pans qt 2 C. 2 l. weight 0 6 6¾ 0 0 0 246 Frying-Pans qt 4 C. 3 qr 14 l. weight 0 14 7 0 0 0 A Cask of Horse-Nails 8 C. weight value 5 l 0 5 0 0 0 0 Total 27 14 8½ 2 8 6 Deducted 5 per Cent. 1 7 8½    Petty or Alien Custom omitted amounts to 6 l. 11 s. 3 d. 26 7 0 2 8 6 Note That all those Goods marked with this mark * are Prohibited by the Statute of 4 Edw. 4.4 Let any Merchant in England now view this Entry and try if he can possibly conclude that all these Marks being 10 belong to Emanuel Rodrigo for my part I know the contrary and that though this Rodrigo pays but English Custom himself being one of those who got the foregoing Clause incerted that he should pay no more than English yet most of these Goods belong to other Jews which have no such Clause incerted in their Pattents of Denization and to some who have no Pattents at all and particularly to Edmond Dionis a Jew who pays Alien Duty here in London and upon Enquiry 't is easie to find out to whom many other Parcols did belong But this is a very small Cargo in respect of others whose particulars I have not by me But let any one view the Quarter Books of Dover he shall find enough for there the Act of Frauds 14 Car. 2. which directs That the Master or Purser of every Ship or Dessel shall make a Just and True Entry upon Dath of the Burthen Contents and Loading of every Ship or Dessel with the particular Marks Numbers Qualities and Contents of every Parcel of Goods in their Loading and who are the Owners thereof Is past by without regard and a whole Cargo admitted in one Entry what reason the Pattent-Officers have to pass it so I know not for their Fees is due on every particular Parcel as much as on the whole Entred at once except one greater Bribe come in the room thereof Neither can I fathom their reason of running the Risque of their places by giving Cocquets for Goods to go to the Plantations which are never unloaded in England I am also perswaded that Goods may lye Concealed in such Cases and thereby the King be defrauded of great part of his Dues as it was lately demonstrated there a Ship coming in from Holland cleared at Dover for New-York she had great quantities of Dutch Bricks and Grindstones on Board pretended to be for her Ballast And though indeed it was Merchandize and Entred yet were they not unloaded according to Law the Ship had her dispatches and was gone to Sea but by bad Weather was forced back and by accident Cast away or Stranded and then behold under her Bricks and Grindstones appeared great quantities of Guns and other Goods both prohibited and Uncustomed which the diligent Officers never dream'd of but this Case is very true and may serve to whet up their Memories against more Ships come to Clear there on the same score Having thus demonstrated the usual ways of the Jews which of
necessity proves both Advantagious to them and Destructive to the English I proceed to show you how I met with a Cargo of their in my Districts and what Flardships I have already endured for endeavouring to put a stop to their Illegal proceedings and oblige them to a thorough conformity to all the precedent Laws and thus it began In the Month of October 1680. I was in Cornwall and accidentally informed That at Falmouth a great Ship had been Cleared there from Barbadoes for Amsterdam without Unloading her whole Corgo according to Law on which I went thither and in my way at Truro met with several Merchants c. of Penryn and Falmouth who had that day been at the 〈◊〉 of Tinn in that Town and with them I rid to Penryn amongst them happened to be a Servant of Sir Peter Killigrew's I stayed but few hours at Penryn the Wind being at Northwest which was fair to set Sail for Holland but went that night for Falmouth where I found that my Information was true and it being Sunday the next day I intended only to have an Eye upon the Ship and on Monday to examine into the Truth of the whole But on Sunday morning to my surprize I was invited to Dinner by Sir Peter accordingly I waited on him and after Dinner he took me aside and told me divers things relating to that Ship which made me very much admire for that I knew Sir Peter was not bred a Merchant and that this Ship in particular was disparch'd by Mr. Bryan Rogers a great Merchant in that place But I soon found out the meaning of his being so Earnest and it was this Sir Peter Killigrew had a little before Built a Key at the Rump end of the Town of Falmouth and Houses thereon which Key he got by Friendship to be declared the only publick Key for Shipping and Unloading of Goods and Merchandize according to the Act of Frauds 14 Car. 2. which did belong to that Town and other Ports adjacent though to that very place it is no more proper than for all the Goods that come into London to be Landed at Ratcliffe And a Merchant dwelling in the Body of the Town near the Market-place protested that the Charges of Landing his Goods at that Key and bringing them to his House cost him as much as the Fraight thereof from Plymouth did which is about 20 Leagues distant also the Custom-house c. was newly settled there and this was the first Ship of any great concern that ever had Unloaded at that Key which had acted so ill that he doubted it might administer new matter of debate c. In fine I promised Sir Peter not to act any thing till morning and then would be as moderate as the Case would possibly bear and Sir Peter promised the Ship being called the Experiment of London Henry Sutton Master should not stir and so we parted with intention to meet again next morning On which I went towards my Lodging and in the way met Mr. Daniel Shewell the Surveyor with whom I had some Discourse and then went into my Lodging being the Sign of the Fâ—eece kept by Mr. Dennis Russel Notary publick and then Mayor of the Town I had not been there long before Mr. Mayor came accidentally into our Company and said He thought the Quaker was mad meaning Sutton the Master of the Ship for that he was hunting about for his men to get them on board in order to set Sail immediately for Amsterdam Then 't was high time for me to stir and accordingly I did getting on board as soon as possibly I could where I laid a stop on the Ship put Wayters on board c. to secure her And because I knew all the Officers in Falmouth had some hand in her Illegal dispatches c. And that I could depend on the Friendship of none there but Mr. George Wethiell Deputy Customer and Mr. Peter Hill Land-wayter I sent to Mr. Thomas Enys Collector of Penryn for assistance which I readily had and so the Ship was stopt The next morning early I had notice that the Mr. endeavoured to force his way on which I applyed to Major Collins Deputy Governour of Pendennis Castle under the Right Honourable my Lord Arundel of Trerice for assistance in Case of necessity who frankly complyed with my Request and assured me the Ship should not go out without my Order Then I returned to meet Sir Peter Killigrew at Custom-house where I found both Him and Mr. Rogers I told them on what grounds I had stopt the Ship that the Goods were Forfeited by the Acts of Tunnage and Poundage the 12 Article to the Book of Rates and by other Statutes they being Jews Goods which ought to pay Alien Custom and contrary to Law had been all Entred in the Name of Henry Sutton an Englishman They both seemed concerned at the Discovery and used many Arguments to perswade me to let the Ship pass and particularly for my so doing I should have 50 Guineys and the best Horse Sir Peter had But all their Arguments prevail'd no farther with me than that I would give them a Meeting again next morning by which time I had got the following Information from five Sea-men belonging to the same Ship on Oath viz. Seamens Affidavit WE Thomas Bummer Richard Randall Nicholas Downing Thomas Dawson and Robert Adamson Mariners lately belonging to the good Ship the Experiment of London Henry Sutton Master of the Burthen of three hundred Tuns or there abouts Laden with Sugars and other Commodities bound from the Island of Barbadoes to some Port of England and from thence to Amsterdam And upon the Holy Evangelist do freely and voluntarily Swear that they arrived in the Port of Falmouth in the Kingdom of England on or about the 27th day of September last past from the said Island of Barbadoes And these Deponents farther say that the greatest quantity of the Sugars and Merchandizes loaden on board the said Ship do really belong to Jews and particularly to Aaron Barscoe Abraham Barrasse one Rodrigo and Lewes Deus and some other Jews whose Names are unknown to these Deponents And these Deponents farther say that after their Arrival into the said Port of Falmouth they were informed that the said Master made Entry of all or the greatest part of the Sugars and other Goods loaden in and upon the said Ship after which Entry made in the Custom-house of Falmouth the greatest part of the Sugars and other Goods were Landed at the publick Key of Falmouth except one hundred Butts and upwards of the said Sugars which were never Landed taken out or removed from the place they lay in the said Ships Hold. And these Deponents farther say that on board the said Ship under her ground Tyre were and are three great Brass or Copper Guns which were taken on board the said Ship at Barbadoes aforesaid on account of Merchandize and that there was also taken in and loaded on