Selected quad for the lemma: england_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
england_n	edward_n	king_n	wales_n	4,736	5	10.7691	5	true

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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A95583	A short relation of a long iourney, made round or ovall by encompassing the principalitie of Wales, from London, through and by the counties of Middlesex and Buckingham, Berks, Oxonia, Warwick, Stafford, Chester, Flint, Denbigh, Anglesey, Carnarvan, Merioneth, Cardigan, Pembrooke, Caermarden, Glamorgan, Monmouth, Glocester, &c. This painfull circuit began on Tuesday the 13 of July last, 1652. and was ended (or both ends brought together) on Tuesday the 7. of September following, being near 600. miles. Whereunto is annexed an epitome of the famous history of Wales. / Performed by the riding, going, crawling, running, and writing of John Taylor, dwelling at the sign of the Poets Head, in Phenix Alley, near the midle of Long Aker or Covent Garden.	Taylor, John, 1580-1653.	1653 (1653)	Wing T512; Thomason E1432_2; ESTC R209533	21,036	48

returned with much Riches and Honour In 1233. south-South-Wales raised new wars but the Prince went in person and beat them into some quietness overthrew their Castles and strong holds and returned renowned And the same yeare K. Henry the 3. came into Wales with a greater Army then ever compact of divers Nations with an intent to destroy all he could but was deceived in his purpose and went home a loser Then K. Henry sent the Arch Bishop of Canterbury with the Bishops of Rochester and Chester to make a peace with Lhewelyn but it could not be effected Then this peerless Prince died beloved and lamented and was buried at Conwy He married Jone the daughter of K. John by whom he had two sons David and Griffith this David kept his brother Griffith in prison all his raigne The Noble Prince Lhewelyn ap Jorworth raigned 56 years To whom David ap Lhewelyn succeeded being the 24. Prince Anno 1240. This Prince was cursed by the Pope and hated by the people for imprisoning his Brother Griffith for which the K. of England came against him with an Army but a peace was made and Griffith not releas'd who striving to break prison and escape by tying of Lines and Sheets with such other stuff which he had and as he gat out of a high window he putting all his weight to the Lines they brake and he being fat and heavy fell with his head downwards where he lay a most pittifull dead spectacle for his head and neck were beaten forcibly into his body Then K. Henry the 3. as his Predecessors had often done strived to have Wales under his obedience to which purpose he in 1245. raised a mighty Army and was more mightily met and foyled by Prince David soone after David died when he had Ruled 5 years 1246. Lhewelyn ap Griffith or the Son of Griffith that dyed with a fall was the 25 Prince for his Unkle Prince David had no Issue this man was valiant but unfortunate for his two Brethren Owen and David made War upon him but he vanquisht them and was Master of all Wales he strived much to shake off the yoke of England and perforce hee chased all the English out of Wales with great slaughter 1256. King Henry the Third with two great Armies entred Wales in severall places did much spoile received much loss and returned angry In 1258. James Lord Audley with Germane Horsemen did much spoile and killed many in Wales but in the end the Welshmen gave them such welcome that few of the Germanes return'd In these times in all places in VVales was continuall strife spoile and bloudshed for the English would Have and the Welsh would Hold In 1267. Lhewelyn entred England spoyled and destroyed Chester and much of that County but after that the Welsh had a great overthrow at a place called Clun and in 1268. Henry of England with an Army entred VVales again but by the means of Cardinall O●tobonus the Popes Legate a Peace was made and the Prince paid to the K. of England 30000 Marks In Anno 1272. King Henry the 3. died and his son Edward the 1. went to Chester from whence he sent a Summons to command Prince Lhewelyn to come to him and doe homage But the Prince refused and would not come to the King Then two English Armies entred South-Wales and North-Wales and West-Wales at once but upon hard conditions a Peace was concluded which lasted not long for Anno 1281. they fell to it cruelly again The Prince said that it was a bard thing to live in War alwayes but it was harder to live in continuall slavery soon after Prince Lhewelyn was slaine valiantly fighting and all Wales fell to the Crowne of England after it had continued from Brute and Camber 2418 years to the year of Christ 1282. Kings sons and Daughters of England that haue been Princes of VVALES since 1282. 1 EDward of Carnarvon son to K. Ed. 1. 1289. 2 Edward of VVinsor son to Edw. 2. 3 Edw. of VVoodstock son to Edw. 3. or the Black Prince 4 Richard of Burdeaux son to the Black 5 Henry of Monmouth son to Henry 4. 6 Edw. of VVeslm son to Henry 6. 7 Edw. of VVeslm son to Edw. 4. 8 Edw. son to K. Ric. 3. at 10 year old instal'd P. 9 Arthur son to K. Henry 7. 10 Henry D. of York 2. son to H. 7. E. 6. son to H. 8. 11 Mary Princess of VVales Daughter c. 12 Eliz. Princess 13 Henry 14 Charls sons to King James FINIS

after Howell entred England with an Army in which war he was slaine valiantly fighting in the yeare 984. to whom succeeded his Brother Cadwallon the 11. Prince he first warred against Jonavall the son of Meric whose eyes Howell had caused to be put out who by right was right Lord of all Wales In the end Jonavall was slain by Cadwalhon and the next year after Cadwalhon himselfe was kill'd by Meredith the son of Owen Prince of South-Wales Anno 985. The 12. King or Prince was Meredith ap Owen or the son of Owen which Owen was son to Howell Dha before mentioned he began in the yeare 986. and had a most troublesome Government for the Danes again wasted Anglesey They took Prisoner Lhywach Brother to Prince Meredith and put his eyes out and the Danes tooke 2000 Prisoners and either carried them away or put them to ransome and in the yeare 98. the Danes came againe and spoyled St. Davids Lhandydoch Llanbadarne Llanristed and all Religious Places of Devotion that their heathenish power could master In these troubles Prince Meredith was forced to give those miscreant Danes a peny a Head for every man that was then alive in all his Dominions which payment was called the Black Armies Tribute about this time all South-Wales was over-ran by the English and to fill the measure of the Affliction in Wales Meredith made mighty havock in Glamorgan-shire So that there was not any place in Wales free from the fury of fire and sword But to make the measure of misery heap and run over the Danes came once more and made a prey of the Isle of Anglesey with which continuall troubles Meredith being overladen and wearied resigned his Princely Authority to Edwal ap Meric ap Meredith or his own Grandchild Meredith died 998. Edwal the 13. Prince of North-Wales was scarce warm in his seat but Meredith sought and fought for re-possession and after much bloudshed lost his labour Then the Danes came again and spoiled much in North-Wales and the Prince valiantly fighting was slain and the same Danes came again to S. Davids ransack'd it and spoiled all the Countrey The 14. King was Aedan ap Belgored he fought for the Principality with Conan the son of Howell and slew him in the year 1003. About this time the Danes spoiled many places in West-Wales and in this Princes Raigne all the Danes in England were slaine in one night and Anno 1015. Prince Aedon was slain by his successor Lhewelyn ap Sitsylht after he had kill'd Aedan was the 15. Prince he had a peacefull and plentifull beginning till a low born Scot whose name was Runne faigned himselfe to be the sonne of Meredith ap Owen before named But Lhewelyn met him and fought with him and in the end made Runne run till at last he killed him And after that this Prince was slaine by Howell and Meredith the sons of Edwal 1026. The 16. Prince was Jago or James the son of Edwal he rained over North-Wales and Rytherch ap Jestin swayed in South-Wales 1031. But by continuall contention betwixt the Grandchildren of Howell Dha Rytherch Prince of South-Wales was slain by the English and then arose new Wars in NorthWales for Griffith ap Lbewelyn ap Sytylth war'd against Jago slew him and possest the Principality Anno 1037. Griffith ap Lhewelyn was the 17. Prince of North-Wales he overcame both the English and the Danes when they would have invaded his Land in Anno 1038. He had much trouble with Prince Howell of South-Wales but in the end he overcame him and possest his Principallity after this Griffith was treacherously taken by Conan the Son of Jago and as Conan was carrying him away towards some Irish Ships the Country arose up speedily and happily and after a sharpe fight redeemed their Prince Griffith and Conan was forced to flie for his life After that the Prince had another great fight with Howell ap Edwin which Howell was joyn'd with the Danes and English and in a bloudy battle the English and Danes were overthrown that very few escaped Howell was slain Prince Griffith victorious but peace lasted not three Months but Ritherich and Rees two of Jestins Sons made War upon Griffith and after a cruel fight all day the darke night parted them that both Armies returned with great losse to their homes About this time there raigned in Scotland a bloudy usurping Tyrant named Mackbeth hee caused a Lord one Bancho to bee murthered whose Son named Fleance escaped and fled into Wales and was courteously entertained with love and welcome to Prince Griffith Griffith had a bountifull Daughter with whom Fleance grew to be so familiar that he got her with child for which the offended Prince caused the head of Fleance to be strooke off and in rage cast off his Daughter who was in short time delivered of a Male Child named Walter This Walter grew to be a tall goodly Gentleman to whom few or scarce one was comparable for strength feature valour agillity and affability And when one in derision called him Bastard he killed him and fled into Scotland in the yeare 1052 and in the Raign of Robert Bruise King of Scots then with which King the said Walter won such favour for some gallant services which he had done that with love and honour he was made Lord Stuart or Steward of Scotland and receiver of the Kings whole Revenue and from that Office did come the name of Steward now called Stuart of which Sirname many Kings Princes Lords and Gentlemen have been and are descended Griffith ap Ritherch ap Jestin made hot War against Griffith ap Lhewelyn but Lhewelyn overcame and slew him 1054. then he made an inrode into England and with the ayd of Algar Earle of Chester hee spoyled all Hereford shire and burnt the City of Hereford to ashes and returned with much spoyle But in the conclusion the Danes were ayded by Harrold King of England and assisted by some perfidious Welsh Lords they entred Wales with great Forces at which time this Noble Prince Griffith ap Lhewelyn was treacherously murdered by his own men and his head presented to Harrold King of England Thus this gallant Griffith liv'd beloved and dy'd lamented when hee had governed 34 years Blethyn and Rywalhon were the Sonnes of Conum and Brothers by the Mothers side to Griffith ap Lhewelyn in the Raign of these two William Surnamed the Conquerour came into England Anno 1066. and in 1068. two Sons of Griffith ap Lhewelyn did raise War against Blethyn Rywalhon their names were Meredith and Ithell in these Wars Fortune playd a Game at Crosse Ruffe for Ithell was slain on the one side and Rywalhon on the other Meredith fled and Blethin was Master of all Wales Shortly after the Normans spoyled Cardigan and a great part of West-Wales and in the year 1073. Blethin was traiterously murdered by Rees ap Owen ap Edwin This Blethin was the 18. Prince who left four Sons But

for all that Traherne his Kinsman got the Principalities of North-Wales and was the 19. Prince at which time Rees ap Owen with Ritherch ap Caradoc had equall all South-Wales but Ritherch was quickly murdered treacherously and Rees then had all South-Wales but Rees and another Brother of his were both slain in hot fight by Caradoc ap Griffith and in Anno 1087. Traherne was slaine by his Cousins of the Line and Race of Howell Dha The 20. Prince of North-Wales was Griffith the Son of Conan and Rees ap Theodor had South-Wales but Rees was mightily troubled in Wars with some Kinsmen of his who in the end were all slain then was St. Davids spoyled and burnt by Rovers and Rees was murdered at Brecknok by his own servants ayded by some Normans at that time Robert Fitzharmaco Knight and one of the Gentlemen of the Privy Chamber to William Rufus King of England surprised the Lordship of Glamorgan which the English do hold yet also 12. Commanders with him did likewise take Portions of Land there Their Names were 1. William de Londres or London 2. Richard Granavilla or Greeneville or Greenefeild 3. Paganus de Turberville 4. Robert de St. Quintin 5. Richard Sywarde 6. Gilbertus Humfrevell 7. Reignold de Beckrolls 8. Reinoldus de Swilly 9. Peter le Sorre 10. Johanes de Flemming 11. Oliverus St. John 12. John William de Esterling now Stradling After much trouble many cruel fights with great slaughters of and against Normans English Irish Scots and continuall War with South-Wales and divers places more in Wales this victorious Prince dyed much beloved aud lamented for when he had Nobly Ruled 50. years Anno 1137. The 21. King was Owen Gwynneth who was Sou to the last Famous Prince Griffith he began with Wars against South-Wales where the English had taken possession with Flemmings Normans and others he chased them away burnt and spoyled Caermarden and returned victoriously to North-Wales 1142. in the year 1143. seven great Lords all of them of Princely blood and pedigree were slain in Wales Also at this time the Irish did much spoyle and in conelusion were spoyled by Prince Owen and near this time Howell and Conan Owens Sons gave the Normans and Flemmings a bloudy discomfeture at Abertivye and returned to their Father with spoyle and honour Yet these Wars continued still but the Flemmings and Normans were beaten twice more at the Castles of Carmarden and Lhanstephan from the yeare of Christ 1138. to 1160 being 32. years Wales had not so much as six Moneths peace and quietness And then before one yeare was expired the Princes of South-Wales quarrelled with Prince Owen and after some dangerous bickerings Owen had the Victory In Anno 1163. Henry the Second King of England made great preparations for War hee entred south-South-Wales as far as Brecknok and returnd without any cause of triumphing And in the year 1165. the said King Henry the Second came in Person again having in his Army the stoutest of Englishmen Normans Gascoigners Flemmings Guiencys and some fugitive Welch but Prince Owen joyned with South-Wales and others after much fighting and losse on both sides King Henry returned without Conquest and fewer men then he brought forth Also the next year 1167. the same King made a greater inrode into Wales to as much purpose as he had done twice before Also presently in the ●ick of these troubles another Army of Flemmings and Normans came to West-Wales did much harm and in the end returned with much losse Then presently to make the misery of Wales compleat the Welsh Lords fell together by the ears one with another and after a weary and troublesome Raign of 32. yeares the magnanimous Prince Owen Guineth dyed Anno 1169. His Son David succeeded the 22 Prince who was fain to fight for it and kill his Brother Howell before he could attain the Princedom Then did Henry the 2. King of England enter south-South-Wales took the Town of Caerleon from the Lo. Jorworth and quite destroyed it and in 1172. after a tedious molestation Prince David ap Owen was expulst from his Rule and Lhewelyn ap Jorworth being lawfull Prince took the Government 1194. Richard the first of that Name being then King of England This Prince had a quiet beginning in north-North-Wales but South-Wales was much vexed for K. John of England with David ap Owen before named who was deposed or expulsed came with an Army against Prince Lhewelyn who fought and beat K. John and took David prisoner and kept him fast and the same yeare there was another bloudy Battell fought between the English and the Lords of South-Wales and many men slain by the treachery of some Welsh Lords for private interests In 12 yeares Prince Lhewelyn had not one months quietness yet he was still victorious 1211. K. John came into Wales with a mighty Army with a purpose to destroy all that had life but he returned with great loss and the next year he came again when by reason that the English King had many Welsh Lords to take his part Prince Lhewelyn ap Jorworth came to an agreement with K. John and gave him 20000 l. and 40 Horses But covenants not being kept by occasion of the harsh dealing of the English Nobles and their Officers made to the Prince to raise an Army and take some Castles and Countries for which K. John caused the Gentlemen which he had for Pledges to be all hang'd and with another great Army he came into Wales again to no purpose for K. John had his hands and head full of troubles at home with the Pope and the French that he was forced to leave Wales and return to his great grief and loss In the yeare of Grace 1214. there was great wars between the Lords of South-Wales and Powis Welsh against Welsh and much mischiefe done on both sides And Anno 1215. Prince Lhewelyn made an Inrode into England then hee wonne Shrewshury sack'd it and returned into south-South-Wales he took Caermarden from the English raised the Castle and took 12 Castles more and returned home triumphant shortly after he subdued all Powis Land to his obedience and in Anno 1217. he brought all Wales to his subjection He had not a weekes rest from the yeare 1218. to 1221. but either Welsh English Flemmings or other troubles kept him from idleness and still it was his happiness to be Victor King John of England being reconciled to the Pope the French expulst from thence and the Kingdome in quiet the King having little to do at home would have the tother bout with Wales which he attempted with much Charge and bad success and shortly after died to whom his son Henry the 3. succeeded who made a speedy expedition against Lhewelyn and returned home with much detriment peace was made for a smal time for in Anno 1231. K. Henry made another great preparation against the Prince to the effect aforesaid In 1232. Lhewelyn made an expedition into England and

victuals was there Butter as good as the world affords two pence halfe penny or three pence the pound A Salmon two foot and a halfe long twelve pence Biefe three halfe pence the pound Oysters a penny the hundred Egs twelve for a penny Peares six for a penny And all manner of Fish and Flesh at such low prices that a little money will buy much for there is nothing scarce dear or hard to come by but Tobacco pipes My humble thanks to the Governour there to William Guinn of Talliaris Esquire to Sure Henry Vaughan and to all the rest with the good woman mine Hostess Concerning Pembrookshire the people do speak English in it almost generally and therefore they call it little England beyond Wales it being the farthest South and West County in the whole Principality The Shire Town Pembrook hath been in better estate for as it is now some houses down some standing and many without Inhabitants the Castle there hath been strong large stately and impregnable able to hold out any enemy except hunger it being founded upon a lofty Rock gives a brave prospect a far off Tenby Towne and Castle being somewhat near or eight miles from it seems to be more usefull and considerable My thanks to Mistris Powell at the Hart there Tenby hath a good Castle and a Haven but in respect of Milford Haven all the Havens under the Heavens are inconsiderable for it is of such length bredth and depth that 1000. Ships may ride safely in it in all weathers and by reason of the hills that do inclose it and the windings and turnings of the Haven from one poynt of land to another it is conjectured that 1500 ships may ride there and not scarce one of them can see another The Haven hath in it 16 Creekes 5 Bayes and 13 Rodes of large capacity and all these are known by severall names The goodly Church of S. Davids hath beene forced lately to put off the dull and heavy coat of peacefull Lead which was metamorphosed into warlike bullets In that Church lies interred Edmund Earle of Richmond Father to King Henry the seventh for whose sake his Grandson K. Henry the eight did spare it from defacing when hee spared not much that belonged to the Church Thus having gone and riden many miles with too many turning and winding Mountains stony turning waies forward backward sidewaies circular and semicircular upon the 17. of August I rode to the house of the right Honourable Richard Vaughan Earle of Karbery at a place called Golden Grove and surely that house with the faire Fields Woods Walks and pleasant scituation may not onely be rightly called the Golden Grove but it may without fiction be justly stiled the Cambrian Paradise and Elizium of Wales but that which grac'd it totally was the nobleness and affable presence and deportment of the Earle with his faire and vertuous new married Countess the beautifull Lady Alice or Alicia daughter to the right Honourable the late Earle of Bridgwater deccased I humbly thank them both for they were pleased to Honour me so much that I supp'd with them at which time a Gentleman came in who being sate did relate a strange discourse of a violent ram which fell on the mountains in part of Radnorshire and into Glomorganshire the story was as near as I can remember as followeth That on Saturday the 17. of July last 1652. there fell a sudden showre of rain in the Counties aforesaid as if an Ocean had flowed from the Clouds to overwhelm and drown the mountains it poured down with such violent impetuositie that it tumbled down divers houses of stone that stood in the way of it it drowned many Cattell and Sheep bore all before it as it ran therefore a poore man with his son and daughter forsook their house and the father and son climed up into a tree for their safety in the mean time the merciless waters took hold of the poore maid and most furiously bare her away down betwen two mountains rolling and hurling her against many great stones till at last it threw her near the side of the stream and her hair and hair-lace being loose it catched hold of a stump of an old thorn bush by which means she was stayed being almost dead but as she lay in this misery she saw a sad and lamentable sight for the water had fiercely unrooted the tree and bore it down the streame with her father and brother who were both unfortunately drowned the Maid as I was certified is like to live and recover My humble thanks to the good yong hopefull Lord Vaughan and to all the rest of the Noble Olive Branches of that most Worthy Tree of Honour their Father not omitting or yet forgetting my gratitude to Mr. Steward there withall the rest of the Gentlemen and servants attendant with my love to Mr. Thomas Ryve unknown and so Golden Grove farewell The 18. of August I hired a Guide who brought me to Swansey 16 well stretch'd Welch Mountainous Miles where I was cordially welcome to an Ancient Worthy Gentleman Waker Thomas Esquire for whose Love and Liberality I am much obliged to him and the good Gentlewoman his Wife he staid me till the next day after Diner and then sent his man with me a mile to his Sons house named William Thomas Esquire There as soone as I had rewarded my Guide he slip'd from me leaving me to the mercy of the House where I found neither mercy nor manners for the good Gentleman and his Wife were both rode from home and though there were people old enough and big enough yet there was not one kind enough or good enough to do me the least kind of courtesie or friendship they did not so much as bid me come into the house or offer me a cup of drink they all scornfully wondred at me like so many Buzzards and Woodcocks about an Owle there was a shotten thin scul'd shallow brain'd simpleton fellow that answered me that he was a stranger there but I believed him not by reason of his familiarity with the rest of the folks there was also a single-soal'd Gentlewoman of the last Edition who would vouchsafe me not one poor glance of her eye-beams to whom I said as followeth Fair Gentlewoman I was sent hither by the Father of the Gentleman of this House to whom I have a Letter from a Gentleman of his familiar acquaintance I am sure that the Owner of this Place is famed and reported to be a man endowed with all affability and courtesie to strangers as is every way accommodating to a Gentleman of Worth and Quality and that if I were but a meer stranger to him yet his Generosity would not suffer me to be harbourless but by reason of his Fathers sending his servant with me and a Friends Letter I sayd that if Mr. Thomas had been at home I should be better entertained To which Mrs. Pumpkins looking scornfully ascue over her shoulders answered me

with it may be so then most uncurteous Mistris quoth I I doubt I must bee necessitated to take up my lodging in the Field To which the said ungentle Gentlewoman with her posteriors or butt end towards me gave me a finall Answer that I might if I would Whereupon I was enraged and mounted my Dun and in a friendly maner I tooke my leave saying that I would wander further and try my fortune and that if my stay at that house that night would save either Mr. Shallow-pate or Mrs. Jullock from hanging that I would rather lie and venture all hazards that are incident to Horse Man or Traveller then to be beholding to such unmanerly Mungrils Thus desperately I shaked them off that would not take me on and riding I knew not whither with a wide wild Heath under me and a wider Firmament above me I roade at adventure betwixt light and darkness about a mile when luckily a Gentleman overtook mee and after a little talk of my distresse and travail he bad me be of good chear for he would bring me to a lodging and entertainment in which promise he was better then his word for hee brought mee to a pretty Market Towne called Neath where he spent his money upon me for which kindness I thank him But one Doctour as they call him Rice Jones or Doctor Merriman came and supt with mee and very kindly payd all the reckoning That dayes journey being but 6 miles sterling The 19. of August I hired a Guide for 3 s. 16 miles to a place called Penline where somtime stood a strong Castle which is now ruined adjoyning to it or in the place of it is a fair house belonging to Anthony Turberville Esquire where although the Gentleman was from home the good Gentlewoman his Wife did with hospitable and noble kindnesse bid me welcome Fryday the 20. of August I rode a mile to an Ancient Town named Coobridge from whence I scrambled two miles further to Llanstrithyott where the Noble Gentleman Sure John Awbrey with his Vertuous Lady kept me three dayes in the mean space I rode two miles to the house of the Ancient and Honorable Knight Sir Thomas Lewis at Penmark to whom and his good Lady I humbly dedicate my gratitude The same day after Dinner I returned back to Llanstrithyott which was to me a second Golden Grove or Welch Paradice for Building Scituation wholsome Ayre Pleasure and Plenty for my free entertainment there with the Noble expression of the Gentlemans Bounty at my departure I heartily do wish to him and his with all the rest of my Honorable and Noble Worshipfull and friendly Benefactors true peace and happinesse internall externall and eternall Monday the 23. of August I rode eight miles to the good Town of Cardiffe where I was welcome to Mr. Aaron Price the Town Clark there with whom I dined at his cost and my perrill after Dinner he directed me two miles further to a place called Llanrumney where a right true bred generous Gentleman Thomas Morgan Esquire gave me such loving and liberall entertainment for which I cannot be so thankfull as the merit of it requires Tuesday being both Saint Bartholomews Day my Birth day the 24 of the Month and the very next day before Wednesday I arose betimes and travelled to a Town called Newport and from thence to Carbean and lastly to Vske in all 15 well measu'd Welsh Monmouthshire miles at Uske I lodg'd at an Inne the house of one Master Powell The 25. of August I rode but 12 miles by an unlook'd for accident I found Bartholomew Faire at Monmouth a hundred miles from Smithfield there I stayed two nights upon the large reckoning of Nothing to pay for which I humbly thank my Hospitable Host and Hostess Master Reignald Rowse and his good Wife Monmouth the Shire Town of Monmouthshire was the last Welsh ground that I left behind me August 27. I came to Glocester where though I was born there very few did know me I was almost as ignorant as he that knew no body my lodging there was at the signe of the George at the house of my Namesake Master John Taylor from whence on Saturday the 28. I rode 16. miles to Barnsley Of all the places in England and Wales that I have travelled to this Village of Barnsley doth most strictly observe the Lords day or Sunday for little children are not suffered to walke or play and two Women who had beene at Church both before and after Noone did but walke into the fields for their recreation and they were put to their choice either to pay sixpence apiece for prophane walking or to be laid one houre in the stocks and the pievish willfull women though they were able enough to pay to save their money and jest out the matter lay both by the heeles merrily one houre There is no such zeale in many places and Parishes in Wales for they have neither Service Prayer Sermon Minister or Preacher nor any Church door opened at all so that people do exercise and edifie in the Church-Yard at the lawfull and laudable Games of Trap Catt Stool-ball Racket c. on Sundayes From Barnsley on Monday the 30. of August I rode 30 miles to Abington from thence c. to London where I brought both ends together on Tuesday the 7. of September Those that are desirous to know more of Wales let them either travell for it as I have done or read Mr. Camdens Brittania or Mr. Speeds laborious History and their Geographicall Maps and Descriptions will give them more ample or contenting satisfaction ONE Humphrey Lloyd Esquire did exactly collect the Brittish or Welsh History from the Originall till the yeare 1510. after which it was continued by Doctor David Powell till the yeare 1584. Printed then and Dedicated to Sir Phillip Sidney Knight those who are desirous to read more largely let them make use of their larger Book But for such as love brevity or cheapnesse let them read this which followeth Cambria Brittania OR Ashort Abreviation of the History and Chronicles of VVALES By JOHN TAYLOR CARADOC of Lancarvan a studious Antiquary and a learned diligent Collector of the Successions and Acts of the Brittish Princes did write the History of Wales from the time and Raigne of Cadwallador who lived in the yeare of our Redemption 685 and continued the said Chronology near 500 years till the Raigne of Henry the second King of England It hath alwayes before those times and ever since that Writers for feare or flattery or profit have used shamefull or shameless partiality in publishing the fames of their owne Princes and Countrey above measure and beyond truth but in their detracting and traducing others they have been too liberall and in relating their Valour Vertues or Injuries of such they fancyed not they have been too sparing or wilfully negligent But to make bold and speak the truth it is worth good consideration to know what reason the English had to

make Warr against the Welsh Wales had ever been a free Countrey not subject to any Prince except their own they owed no Homage or Alegiance neither to England or to any other Crowne or State their Language Lawes and Customs were of their own institutions to which Lawes both Prince and people were subject they lived quietly upon their owne and they never went forth of their owne bounds to rob the English or to spoile and invade England or any other Nation Then the question is with much ease proposed and answered What cause did the Welsh give to the English to make Warre upon them to invade plunder spoile and kill the Answer is or may be Because the English were ambitious and covetous and also stronger then their Neighbours and being able and willing to do injury and oppress the Welsh they many times attempted to subject and conquer them and they on the other side did manfully resist and oppose their English Invadors as this brief Relation will truly declare and manifest Thus force resisted force the Saxons Danes English Irish and Flemmings all severally and sometimes joyned together to conquer and make prey and purchase of poor Wales they all striving to have the Goods and Lands that belonged not to them and the Welsh men with their best indeavours justly and valiantly holding their own They had kept their Country language 2700. years and the Historians Antiquaries and Gentry of that Nation did record their Laws Pedigrees and Genealogies with as much or more exact truth then many or any other Nations They had lived under their own Governours from the time of Heli the High Priest of the Jews 1800 years before Cadwallador who went to Rome and died there from which time the chief Rulers of Wales were sometimes stiled Kings sometimes Princes these were many times under one King or Prince of Northwales sometimes they had three Princes or Kings as North-Wales South-Wales and Powis Land These three Princes although they had many and mighty Enemies did often make Warre upon each other spoiling and harrasing their Countrey to the advantage of their Enemies and ruine of themselves But to proceed to the History In the yeare 688. Ivor a kinsman of Cadwalador was Prince some small time and hee also went to Rome and there ended his daies The Next Ivor Roderick Molwinnoc the second Prince of North-Wales rained 30 years he was Grandchild to Cadwallador a valiant man he died Anno 755. The third was Canon Tindaethwy a gallant Prince he Warr'd with good success against Offa King of Mercia who would have invaded North Wales but Canon did defend himselfe so stoutly that Offa with much loss retired the English at that time had not one foot of ground in Wales Anno 800. Mervin was the fourth King of North-Wales he married Esylht Daughter to Canon in his time Egbert King of the West Saxons invaded and spoyled Anglesey and Kenulph King of Mercia did much mischiefe in Powis Land whereby Mervin being overpowred was slaine valiantly fighting against the King of Mercia Anno 843. Roderick the second called the Great was the 5. King of North-Wales hee had much war with the English Mercians with various success but for the most part fortunate In his Raigne the Danes came and spoiled Anglesey against whom Prince Roderick manfully fighting was unfortunately slaine But some do write that he did beat the Danes out of Anglesey and slain afterwards in a Battell against the Englishmen Anno 876. when he had raigned with much love and honour 39 years The 6. King or Prince was Anarawd the son of Roderick and about that time of Anno 877. the Normans with their Duke Rollo invaded a great Province in France which from the name of Normans or Northern men is to this day called Normandy In the year of grace 878. the Danes and English men came with great powers against Wales between whom and the Welsh was then a bloudy battell near the water of Conwy where the Welsh had a mighty Victory which they called the Revenge for the death of Roderick Prince Anarawd died after much trouble in Anno 913. having Rained 34. years Seventhly or the 7. Prince was Edwal Voel the Danes spoyled Anglesey and the English burnt and spoiled Brecknock Athelstane King of England enforced the Welsh to pay him a yearly tribute of 20 pounds in Gold 300 pounds in silver and 200 Bieves or Cattell Afterwards Edwal Voel had raigned 25 years he and his Brother Else were both slaine fighting with the Danes Anno 938. The 8. Prince was Howell Dha he was a kinsman to Edwal Voel he was a Prince of South-wales but he afterwards had all Wales the English vexed him often and did much hurt but still Howel galantly resisted them and died much lamented in the year of Christ 948. The 9. were Jevas and Jago or James both Brethren and sons to Edwal Voel They had cruell wars with Owen and his Brethren the sons of Howel Dha in which Bickerings Owen with his Brothers were slaine About this time the Danes spoiled Anglesey and burnt Holy-head And also Wales was much troubled by Edgar King of England but it was agreed at last that the tribute of gold silver cattel which was laid on the Welsh Nation in Edwal Voels time after it had been paid near 13 years should be remitted and in lieu thereof the Princes of Wales were injoyned to pay a certaine number of Woolves heads for at that time four-leg'd Woolves did as much mischiefe amongst Beasts Sheep and Cattell as two-leg'd Woolves have done in these latter times amongst men and by the means of the yearly payment of the aforesaid Woolves heads there was not one of those ravenous beasts in three years payment to be found in all Wales or the Marches of England The Brethren the Princes fell our for Lordship and Love can brook no Rivalls or fellowship James imprisoned Jevaf a long time at which time the Danes entred Anglesey and did much spoile Howell the son of Jevaf made sharp war against his Unkle Jago or James and beat him and releast his Father after which he took his eldest Unkle Meric and put his eyes out but never restored his Father to his former estate but kept the Principality to himselfe This was about the yeare of our Lord 974. The 10. King or Prince of North-Wales or almost all Wales was Howell ap Jevaf or the son of Jevaf Anno 975. there was great wars and much bloudshed betwixt South and North-Wales but Howell took his Unkle James which had imprisoned his Father Jevaf and then possest all Wales in peace for a short while for the Danes brake in and spoiled many Towns and places in North-Wales and did much mischiefe to the Cathedrall of S. Davids And in 982. a great Army from England wasted and spoiled Brecknock and a great part of south-South-Wales but Prince Howell made war against them slew many and made the rest flee The second yeare