the Emperour and all his Court. At length in August following the peace was concluded at Passau the Landgrave of Hesse was enlarged liberty of Conscience granted to all the banished Ministers recalled and the Interim was abolished THE HISTORY OF THE Council of TRENT BOOK V. JULIUS III. THE Pope finding himself eased of a Burthen that had lain heavy upon him by the breaking up of the Council resolved with himself to keep out of the Briars The Pope has enough of Councils neither does the Emperour care for them and not to run into such straits again Nevertheless to perswade the world that he was concerned at that Rupture or rather to convince them what a useless thing a Council was he himself undertook the Reformation of the Church and for that end appointed a numerous Congregation of Cardinals but this as all the other designs of Reformation presently vanished it produced nothing but a great many Debates so that within a few Months it was wholly laid aside Nor was there any more talk of reassembling the Council which was at this time interrupted for almost ten Years Charles the V. who had been the great stickler for the Convocation of the Council had not now the same interests to prompt him his main design was the greatness of his Family and he had made it his business to render the Empire hereditary as the Kingdom of Spain and his other Dominions were He thought to have accomplished his ends by depressing the Protestant Princes and the Pope and that the Council of Trent was the fittest instrument for that purpose And indeed this Emperour had got so great an Ascendant over the minds of all of his Family that he could perswade them to any thing even contrary to their own interests his Brother Ferdinand was King of the Romans and by consequence apparent Emperour and he had prevailed with him that the Empire should be shared betwixt him and his Son Philip as the Antonins had done heretofore Mary Queen of Hungary their Sister who was wholly at Charles his Devotion for reasons perhaps not fit to be named had perswaded Ferdinand to admit of that partnership but Maximilian Ferdinand's Son perceiving that by that design he was like to be frustrated of the hopes of succeeding his Father in the Empire defeated all the intrigues So that the Prospects of Charles being at an end with his hopes the Council was no more in his thoughts and Julius cared far less for it than he It is true the Rupture of the Council and the peace of Passau had quite exstinguished the Pope's hopes of ever seeing the revolted Germans reduced again to the obedience of the holy See But to comfort himself for the loss of the Germans he drew from a remote Corner of the World I know not what a kind of subjects who submitted themselves to the Authority of his See Sultacan who call'd himself Patriarch of the People which inhabit betwixt Euphrates and the Indies comes to Rome to render homage to the Pope The same course had been taken by Pope Eugenius IV. who whilst they were undermining the Foundations of his Dominions in the Council of Basil on the other hand fed his vanity and underpropt his tottering Dignity by the vain homages of the Greeks who in the Council of Florence came to submit to him and by a counterfeit Pomp of pretended Armenians who desired instruction from him this is a kind of Comedy that takes mightily at Rome Paul III. during his Pontificate had also with great Solemnity and Ceremonies received the homages of one Stephen who had taken the name of Patriarch of Armenia the greater and who came to Rome attended by an Archbishop and two Bishops upon design of recognising the Pope for head of the Church and now under Julius a certain man named Simon Sultacan who called himself Patriarch of all the People that inhabit betwixt the River Euphrates and the Indies came to demand the Confirmation of his Patriarchship from the Pope as from the Vicar of Jesus Christ The Pope made him a Bishop and then gave him the Patriarchal Pall that happy accident was loudly proclaimed abroad and the great encrease that the holy See received by the submission of so many People who owned its Authority was made a matter of great triumph but to these Apparitions of Grandure there succeeded somewhat more substantial for the Glory of the See of Rome year 1553 Edward VI. King of England died the sixth of July 1553. His Father Henry VIII had shaken off the Yoke of the Pope's Power without any innovation in Religion Edward King of England dies his Sister Mary succeeds to him and restores the Catholick Religion 1553. And Edward under the Regence of the Duke of Sommerset had compleated what his Father began and introduced a Reformation into the Church of England But he lived not long enough to establish and confirm that great Work by his last Will he had disinherited his two Sisters Mary and Elizabeth the Daughters of his Father Henry the former Daughter of Catharine of Aragon who was divorced and the second Daughter of Anne Bullen whom Henry had caused to be beheaded He had appointed the Lady Jane Gray his Cosin and Daughter to a Sister of Henry to be Heir of the Crown Jane was proclaimed Queen but her Reign was of short continuance and cost her her Life Mary was advanced to the Crown both by the Privilege of her Birth and by the Will of her Father who had appointed that if Edward should die without Children Mary should succeed and that Elizabeth should succeed to Mary Mary being in the Throne pretended at first that she would alter nothing in Religion though she professed herself to be a Catholick but great hopes were conceived at Rome that this Queen might be usefull in reducing that Kingdom to its ancient Obedience And therefore Julius presently named Cardinal Pool for the Legation of England But the Cardinal durst not undertake the Journey without great Circumspection because he had been banished the Kingdom and degraded of his honour and therefore he wrote to the Queen and negotiated his return by Giovanni Francisco Commendone and having received a favourable answer he set out on his Journey The Parliament of England being called declared the Marriage of Henry VIII with Catharine of Aragon the Queens Mother valid and by consequence pronounced the Divorce unlawfull And the Acts made in the Reign of Edward were Repealed and Religion reinstated in the same condition it was in when Henry died The confirmation of the Marriage of Henry was a great step towards an accommodation with Rome seeing the Marriage of Henry and Catharine could not be declared lawfull without admitting the Dispensation of Julius II. who had dispensed with Henry to Marry his Brother's Widow So that the Parliament by that procedure owned that the Pope has Power to dispence with the Laws of God and by consequence acknowledged him Head of the
Conspiracy of Amboise p. 283 A Council denied to the Emperour unless upon conditions which the Protestants would not accept p. 36 But afterwards granted upon conditions that are rejected by the Protestants p. 37 Called but in vain at Mantua and Vicenza p. 42 46 And then at Trent p. 52 Where with ten Bishops that were arrived the Congregation began to handle Preliminaries p. 65 The form of the Council of Trent and what had been that of ancient Councils p. 71 A Debate concerning the Title of the Council p. 74 About the Order p. 77 About the Seal to be used for Letters p. 78 To amuse the Council the Creed is published p. 79 But three moderate Divines at the Council p. 116 The Council is puzzled in forming Decrees and essays by their ambiguity to give all content p. 133 It is transported to Bologna under pretext of bad Air at Trent p. 166 And divided part of the Prelates removing to Bologna and part staying at Trent p. 167 c. It is opened again at Trent for the second Convocation p. 192 And suspended because of the War of Germany p. 245 The Pope has enough of Councils neither does the Emperour care for them p. 249 The Council opened again at Trent under Pope Pius IV. p. 311 It begins with the Books to be prohibited and the Indices Expurgatorii p. 313 It is publickly said that the Council is not the Council of the Vniversal Church but of the Pope p. 357 The Bishops complain that the Council is taken up about trifles p. 386 Some Bishops apparently ill satisfied with the Infallibility of the Council p. 393 A Letter from the Emperour to the Pope and Council about the Disorders of the Council p. 490 The Council ill satisfied with the Peace of Orleans that the King of France had made with the Huguenots p. 499 The Legates seek out means of concluding the Council speedily and the Count de Luna opposes it p. 441 New troubles are started p. 551 The Council precipitates to its end the Spaniards oppose it p. 572 Confirmation of the Council demanded of the Pope but all are not of that mind p. 575 The Council is confirmed by a Bull of Pius IV. p. 588 Croisades their Original p. 3 The Cup demanded by the French p. 304 And by the Germans about which the Divines give their Opinions p. 347 Both join in that point p. 355 The restoring of it to the Germans is moved p. 380 It is referred to the Pope p. 385 Cruelties practised in several Kingdoms against Protestants p. 256 D. DAnes Ambassadour of France comes to the Council and makes a long Harangue p. 106 Decrees made with a great deal of difficulty and affected Ambiguity to give all content p. 133 The Decrees concerning Penance opposed by the Divines p. 221 The Decree about the Reformation of Princes cause great Trouble v. Legates An abstract of that Decree p. 560 Degradations their Original and Progress p. 212 Diet of Nuremberg where the hundred Grievances were presented p. 17 Diet of Ratisbonne where a Decree past against Luther p. 18 Diet of Spire where Attempts were made to divide the Protestants p. 29 Diet of Ausburg where the Protestants present their Confessions and depart without accommodation though attempted p. 32 Another Diet as Spire where the Emperour gives a new Edict of Liberty till the next Council p. 54 Another at Ausburg where the Protestants promise to submit to the Council p. 171 There the Emperour makes the Interim and a Decree of Reformation p. 176 A Third Diet at Ausburg for composing the troubles of Religion p. 257 Where an Edict of Liberty is made which offends the Pope p. 261 A Diet at Naumburg in Saxony p. 293 Daily Distributions p. 332 Dominico à Soto and Luigi di Catanea both Jacobins and Thomists differ about the Point of Grace p. 128 E. EDict of Wormes against Luther p. 9. Edict of January in favour of the Protestants made at St. Germains en Laye p. 312 Edward King of England dies and Mary his Sister succeeds to him who restores the Catholick Religion p. 252 The Electorate of Saxony transferred to the Branch of Maurice p. 171 The Electour of Brandenburg sends his Ambassadours to the Council p. 215 Elizabeth Queen of England succeeds Mary her Sister and re-establishes the Reformation p. 274 Emperour v. Charles V. England during the Reign of Henry VIII shakes off the Pope's Authority without any innovation in Religion p. 39 The Catholick Religion is maintained there by Queen Mary 〈◊〉 the death of Edward her Brother to whom she succeeded p. 252 Episcopacy and Vehement Contests about the Point p. 413 c. 422 c. 435 c. 448. and elsewhere The Eucharist serves for matter to be treated in the tenth Session p. 170 Exemptions granted by the Pope in prejudice of Ordinaries p. 138 ExtremeVnction and Penance handled in the fourteenth Session p. 218 F. FArnese v. Paul III. and Octavio Farnese Du Ferrier Ambassadour of France learned in Antiquity p. 356 He speaks in Congregation after the Cardinal of Lorrain and his Speech nettles the Council p. 442 Another Speech of his after the reading of the French King's Letters in Council which acquainted the Fathers with his Victory over the Protestants p. 476 He protests against the Decree of the Reformation of Princes and makes a Speech which pricks the Prelates to the quick p. 561 Francis I. absolved by Pope Clement VII from the Oaths which he had taken in Prison p. 21 He dies p. 167 Francis II. dies and Katherine of Medicis his Mother assembles the States at Orleans p. 291 The French present their Memoires containing thirty four Demands p. 460 Frederick Electour of Saxony is made Prisoner wounded and condemned to death by the Emperour Charles V. p. 169 Can neither be moved by Prayers nor threats p. 171 Frederick Nauseus Bishop of Vienna sent to the Council with Paolo Gregoriani Bishop of Zagabria in Sclavonia by the King of the Romans p. 198 Free will handled in the VI. Session p. 125 G. GIacomo Cocco Archbishop of Corsou is of the mind that no opinion which could be interpreted in a sound sense should be condemned p. 133 Grace serves for matter to the Council in the VI. Session p. 113 Catarino's opinion about works that precede Grace p. 118 A Dispute about the Preparations to Grace and the Merit of Congruity p. 119 A Debate about the certainty that one may have of being in the State of Grace p. 123 The Thomists are divided about the matter of Grace â—il â—a p. 128 The hundred Grievances proposed to the Pope at the Diet of Nuremberg p. 17 The Grisons recall Thomas Planta Bishop of Coire p. 220 Gropper a Divine and Lawyer votes for the abolition of Episcopal Jurisdiction and Ecclesiastick Tribunals p. 210 He is refuted by Baptista Castello Promooter of the Council about the Subject of immediate appeal to the Pope p. 211 H. HEnry VIII King of
Church A motion was made of Marrying the Queen who was already forty years old and three Matches were proposed Cardinal Pool who was of the Bloud Royal the Lord Courtenay Cozin to Henry VIII and Philip Prince of Spain Mary chose Philip and the Emperour fearing lest Cardinal Pool who had been his Son's Competitor might by his presence cross his Marriage with Mary did all he could not make him delay his Journey and not being able to perswade him sent Don Diego de Mendoza to stop him in the Palatinate by Force and Authority The Cardinal complained of this as of an action that did violate the Majesty of the holy See and an affront done to the Pope and his Legates So that Charles having detained him sometime was forced to give him his liberty and sent him to Brussels But he found a means to amuse him in Brabant under colour of engaging him in a negotiation of Peace betwixt the King of France and himself untill the Marriage was accomplished In the beginning of the year 1554. The Emperour sent four Ambassadours into England for concluding the Treaty betwixt the Queen of England his Son and himself Mary in the mean while who with much prudence went gradually on in the re-establishment of Religion made new Proclamations restored the use of the Latin Tongue in Divine Service renounced the Supremacy in the Church gave it back to the Pope and so annulled the Acts of her Father The matter was brought before the Parliament where it met with opposition amongst the Lords because of the Church Lands possessed by the Nobles which they must be obliged to give back again So that the Pope's Supremacy past not at that time Prince Philip that he might not seem inferiour to Mary in Dignity took the Title of King of Naples and consummated his Marriage at London the twenty fifth of July being St. James his day the Patron of Spain The Parliament met again in the month of November following and Cardinal Pool was therein restored to all his rights and honours Two Members of Parliament were sent to bring him over into England and he arrived at London the twenty third of November with the Silver Cross carried before him Being brought into the House of Lords where the King and Queen were present he made a Speech to that Illustrious Assembly thanking them for the favour they had done him in restoring him to his Honours and Countrey He earnestly exhorted them to return again to the obedience of the holy See wherein he prevailed and the Ceremony of Reconciliation was performed the last day of November for the Authority of the King and Queen had obliged all the dissatisfied Members to silence which silence was taken as a consent The Queen caused a Petition to be framed wherein the Parliament begg'd Pardon of the Pope for having withdrawn themselves from under his obedience This Petition was presented to the King and Queen who rising immediately from their Chairs of State went to the Legate and besought him to grant the Parliament the Pardon which they begg'd The Legate standing up and all the Members of Parliament kneeling before him made a Speech concerning the Joy that the repentance of sinners causes in Heaven and then having prayed over them he gave them absolution The Members rose up and the whole Parliament went in body to the Church where Te Deum was Sung Next day three Ambassadours were named to goe render homage to the Pope in name of the whole Nation and this success caused so great Joy at Rome that the Pope proclaimed a Jubile the twenty fourth of December to render thanks to God for so great a blessing The Parliament of England sitting till the middle of the next year Philip and Mary got all the Ancient Laws against Here-ticks to be revived All Acts to the contrary year 1554 made in the time of Henry and his Son Edward were Repealed and afterward the rigour of the Laws that were now again in force was put in execution against the Protestants One hundred threescore and sixteen persons of Quality besides inferiour people were by Mary's Order that year put to death amongst whom Cranmer Archbishop of Canterbury and the rest of the Bishops who had been the Authors of the Reformation were burnt It was put to their choice either to dye or to recant but none of them would save their Lives by a Recantation This persecution extended to the very Graves and the ashes of the dead the bodies of Bucer and Paulus Fagius who had been dead some four years were taken up and burnt So that the Protestants went to pot in all places for at the same time Henry the II. caused a great many of the reformed Religion to be burnt in France not so much out of Zeal as to satisfie the insatiable avarice of Diana of Poictiers Dutchess of Valentinois his Mistress to whom he had given the forfeitures of all that should be condemned for Heresie On the other hand Ferdinand King of the Romans published an Edict whereby he strictly charged all his Subjects not to make any innovation in matters of Religion and banished above two hundred Ministers out of Bohemia Several of his most considerable Nobility prayed him that he would at least permit the use of the Cup but he refused it and caused a Catechism to be made according to which all School masters should instruct their Scholars But this Edict did not altogether please the Pope who complained that a Prince should have undertaken to make a Formulary of Faith year 1555 The same year being 1555. a Diet was called at Ausbourg for composing the troubles of Religion Ferdinand made a long Speech in it 1555. A Diet at Ausbourg during which the Pope dies wherein he reckoned up the mischiefs that had been occasioned in Germany by those controversies in Religion and the horrid corruption of manners that these debates had drawn after them Divers means were proposed for taking up these differences and amongst others a conference of the learned of both sides but the Pope who had an aversion to any thing that bore the name of conference approved not that expedient he caused Cardinal Morone his Legate in Germany to represent to the Diet that all conferences ought to be avoided and that the onely way to put an end to controversies was that which was taken in England to wit to return again to the obedience of the holy See But Cardinal Morone was not long at Ausbourg before he heard of the death of Julius which happened in February 1555. He therefore returned to Rome to assist at the Election of a new Pope and found the business done before he came MARCEL II. Marcello Cervino Cardinal of Santa Croce was created Pope on the eighth of April 1555. It is observed as a thing singular in him that he would not change his name as others do This custome of changing of names upon promotion to the Papacy came from the Germans whose names
England writes against Luther p. 9. Shakes off the Pope's Authority without any innovation in Religion p. 39 Is excommunicated by Pope Paul III. p. 47 Henry II. King of France succeeds to Francis I. p. 167 He clashes with the Pope and sends not his Prelates to the Council p. 193 Causes Amiot his Ambassadour to protest against the Council p. 198 Then publishes a Manifesto against the Pope p. 200 Does all that lies in his Power to ruine the Protestants in his Kingdom p. 278 His death p. 279 Herman Archbishop of Cologne is excommunicated by the Pope and obliged to resign his Archbishoprick p. 90 Of the Hierarchy of the Church p. 405 I. IAmes Lainez General of the Jesuits creates no small trouble to the Council about Precedence p. 377 His Speech against the Divine Right of Episcopacy and what it produced p. 426 Another Discourse of his in favour of the Court of Rome p. 529 The Imperialists leave the City of Rome p. 28 Indices Expurgatorii and their Original p. 313 The Inquisition setled at Naples and causes a great Sedition p. 170 The Intention of the Priest in administring the Sacraments according to the Judgment of Ambrosio Cararino p. 151 The Interim made by the Emperour at the Diet of Ausburg p. 176 Much opposition made to the Establishment of it p. 179 Interviews betwixt the Emperour and the Pope the first the second 37. the third p. 44 An Interview of the Pope Emperour and King of France p. 47 A fourth Interview betwixt the Pope and the Emperour p. 52 A fifth p. 53 Julius II. Excommunicated Lewis XII King of France p. 2 He dies ibid. Julius III. formerly named John Maria di Monte succeeds to Paul III. p. 182 He clashes with the King of France p. 193 Sends into France Ascamo della Corna his Nephew to hinder the King from protecting the Duke of Parma and from calling a national Council p. 195 At one dash creates fourteen Italian Cardinals p. 232 His Death and Successour p. 257 The Jurisdiction of Bishops is the matter as to Reformation for the thirteenth Session p. 201 The Jurisdiction of the Tribunals of the Church their Original and Progress p. 206 Gropper votes for its abolition p. 210 Divers Regulations concerning Episcopal Jurisdiction p. 225 Justification and Imputed Righteousness p. 121 K. KAtherine of Medicis Queen Regent of France assembles the States at Orleans p. 291 Her designs for Reformation p. 299 and 312 L. LAinez v. James Lainez The Landgrave of Hesse attempts an Agreement betwixt Luther and Zuinglius but without Success p. 30 Is made Prisoner by the Emperour p. 169 The Legates complain that there appeared Division in the very Session and pretend to enter upon business p. 76 Oppose the beginning with Reformation p. 78 Make a Translation of the Council upon Pretext of bad Air. p. 164 Propose the Decree of the Reformation of Princes and the Ambassadours oppose it p. 546 The more they press the mater the greater noise it makes p. 553 The Protestation of the French Ambassadours against that Decree p. 556 The Legates press the Conclusion of the Council p. 572 Leo. X. created Pope and his Character p. 2 Causes Indulgences to be published in Germany by the advice of Cardinal Santiquatro and gives a great part of the profit of them to his Sister p. 3 Publishes a Bull for the Indulgences p. 6 Thunders a Bull against Luther and his Doctrine p. 7 Lewis XII King of France excommunicated by Pope Julius II. p. 2 Forms a Party against Julius II. and gets the Cardinals to assemble at Pisa for Election of another Pope ibid. Lewis d'Avila sent by the Emperour to Rome to solicite the Re-establishment of the Council p. 183 Luigi di Catanea and Dominico à Soto differ about the Point of Grace p. 128 Luther publishes Theses against the Doctrine of Indulgences which are answered by other Theses set out by John setzel a Jacobin who caused the Theses of Luther to he burnt p. 5 He is cited to appear at Ausburg before Cardinal Cajetan p. 6 Has two Conferences with the Cardinal without success and appeals to a Council ibid. He burns the Pope's Bull and Book of Decretals p. 8 Is cited to Wormes before the Emperour Charles V. ibid. But would neither recant nor condemn his Doctrine p. 9 An Edict past against him at Wormes ibid. Confirmed by a Decree at Ratisbonne p. 18 Abstracts are made of Lutheran Writings p. 145 M. THE Malecontents pass a severe censure vpon the Decrees of the Council p. 141 Mantua chosen by Paul III. for the place of holding the Council p. 44 The Cardinal of Mantua Legate dies at Trent p. 486 Marcello II. created Pope will not change his Name according to the Custom of other Popes and whence what Custom hath arisen p. 257 His Character and death that happened by an Apoplexy two and twenty days after his Exaltation p. 258 Marriage is reduced to eight Articles p. 473 Decrees and Canons are formed concerning that matter p. 544 Clandestine Marriages occasion fresh Debates p. 548 Mary succeeds her Brother Edward to the Crown of England and restores the Catholick Religion p. 252 She is rigorous against the Protestants p. 256 Her death p. 274 Marinier a Carmelite is not of opinion that Traditions should be made a Point of Faith p. 83 Will have the Name of Justifying Faith onely giv'n to that which works by Charity p. 117 Defends with Ambrosio Catarino the opinion that one may be certain of being in the State of Grace p. 123 Mass v. Sacrifice Maurice invested by the Emperour in the Electorate of Saxony whereof his Cousin Frederick had been dispossessed p. 171 Takes up Arms for the Liberty of Germany and of Religion p. 243 Maximilian King of Bohemia and of the Romans suspected of Lutheranism p. 286 Melancthon named with Bucer and Pistorius to speak for the Protestants p. 50 Is one of twelve who were opposed to a like number of Catholick Doctours in the Conference of Wormes p. 273 Mendicant Friars raise a great Debate upon occasion of Preaching and the Pulpits which they had seized p. 91 Misunderstanding betwixt the Pope and the Council and amongst the Fathers of the Council themselves p. 337 Morone Cardinal Legate in Spain under Julius III. p. 257 Is appointed first President of the Council by Pius IV. p. 489 Comes to Trent and went to the Emperour at Inspruck p. 448 Returns to the Council p. 506 N. NAvagiero Cardinal named Legate for presiding in the Council arrives at Trent with orders to endeavour a strict Reformation p. 502 Naumburg a Town of upper Saxony where the Protestant Princes held an Assembly p. 293 Nuncio's ill received by the Protestants in Germany p. 244 Nuremberg the Place of the Diet where the Hundred Grievances were presented p. 17 O. OCtavio Farnese Duke of Parma General of the Pope's Forces p. 111 Offerings and Oblations in what manner they may be permitted p. 154 Opinions about