Selected quad for the lemma: england_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
england_n	edward_n	king_n	normandy_n	2,635	5	11.0549	5	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A69885	Anglia rediviva being a full description of all the shires, cities, principal towns and rivers, in England : with some useful observations concerning what is most remarkable ... : to which is prefix'd a short account of the first origine of our nation, of its being conquer'd by the Romans, as also the occasion of the Saxons and Danes first entring England / collected from the best historians by Mr. Dunstar.	Dunstar, Mr. (Samuel), 1675-1754.	1699 (1699)	Wing D2617; ESTC R17303	46,649	154

into the Thames on the West 't is bounded by Wiltshire and on the East by Surrey On the West part it hath plenty of Command Fruit but on the East part where it consineth with Surrey the Soil is very barren and unfruitful 1. Farendon a Town seated on a rising ground famous for a Market kept there but in times past for a certain Fort which Robert Earl of Glocester Built and defended against King Stephen who having won it by many bloody Assaults levelled it to the ground so that now it is not to be seen 2. Abington a Populous Town pleasantly seated on the plain of an Hill since the Year 1416. in which King Henry the Vth Built a Bridge over the River and turned the Kings high-way hither to make a shorter passage it began to be so frequented that it is now the chief Town of the whole Shire it is famous for its great Trade in Malt. 3. Wallingford in old time it was compass'd about with Walls it had a very large Castle situate upon the River which was thought to be invincible it was oftentimes Besieged by King Stephen but all in vain This Town was so dispeopled by reason of a grievous Pestilence which happened in the Year 1348 that whereas before it was well Inhabited and had Twelve Churches it can shew now no more than One or Two 4. Newbury a famous Town raised out of the Ruins of Spine which was formerly a place of great repute it is situated in a champion plain being watered throughout with the River Kenet 't is well Inhabited and is very remarkable for its Trade in Clothing 5. Reading a Town famous for fair Streets well built Houses as also for the Riches of the Townsmen and for their Name in making Cloth it hath lost the greatest Ornaments it had viz. a beautiful Church and a most ancient Castle which was razed by King Henry the IId because it was a Refuge for King Stephen's followers 6. Maidenhead a large spacious Town fill'd with good Inns for the reception of Strangers it is well frequented 7. Windsor-Castle 't is situated on an Hill that riseth with a gentle Ascent and enjoyeth a most delightful Prospect round about on the front it overlooketh a spacious Vale behind it arise Hills every where neither rough nor high so that 't is dedicated as one would say to Hunting-Game it was Built by King Henry the Ist An. 1100. and enlarg'd by King Edward the IIId who was Born here 't is in bigness equal to a pretty City Fortified with Ditches and Bulwarks made of Stone in this place King Edward the IIId Instituted the Noble Order of the Garter to increase Virtue and Valour in the Hearts of his Nobility or as some report in honour of the Countess of Salisbury of which Lady the King had formerly been Enamour'd The Garter was given to it in Testimony of that Love and affection wherewith the Knights of it were bound one to another and all of them jointly to the King as Sovereign there are of it Twenty six Knights of which the King of England is always Chief the Ensign is a Blew Garter Buckled on the Left Leg on which these words are Embroider'd Honi Soit qui mal y Pense about their Necks they wear a Blew Ribbond at the end of which hangeth the Image of St. George upon whose Day the Installations of the new Knights are commonly Celebrated THese Regions which I have hitherto Describ'd viz. of the Danmonii Durotriges Belgae Attrebatii when the Saxons Rul'd in Brittain fell to the Kingdom of the West-Saxons who under the Command of their King Egbert United the English Heptarchy into a Monarchy which afterwards through the Cowardise of their Kings soon vanished For after this the Danes brake in upon the Northumbers and though often Vanquished yet being as often Victorious they at last seiz'd on the Monarchy of England which was sometime held by the Danes sometimes by the Saxons till William Duke of Normandy took it from Harold and established the Monarchy which hath ever since continued in a Succession of Twenty eight Princes down to our Gracious Sovereign King William REGNI NEXT unto the Attrebatii Eastward those Regions which we commonly term Surrey Sussex with the Sea-Coast of Hampshire were Inhabited by the Regni Surrey IN Latin Surria is bounded on the West by Barkshire and Hampshire on the South by Sussex on the East by Kent on the North 't is Water'd by the River Thames and by it divided from Middlesex It is a plain and Champion Country yielding Corn and Forage in abundance especially towards the South The Principal Towns are these 1. Farnham a Market-Town so named from the great quantity of Fern growing near it near this place H●nry of 〈◊〉 erected a noble Castle which being afterwards demolished by Henry the IIId was again rebuilt by the Bishops of Winchester 2. Guildford a Market-Town well frequented full of fair Inns in old time it was a Royal Mansion of the English Saxon Kings 3. Kingston a Market-Town well Inhabited famous in old time by reason of a Castle therein belonging to the Clares Earls of Glocester it took its name from a little Town which stood near it in which when England was almost ruined by the Danish Wars Athelstan Edwin and Etheldred were Crowned Kings in the Market-place 4. Richmond a Town very beautiful and glorious in respect of its Buildings famous for the Death of several Kings but in particular of that most Mighty Prince King Edward the IIId Here also Died Ann Wife to King Richard the IId Daughter to the Emperor Charles the IVth who first taught English Women the manner of sitting on Horseback which is now in use whereas before they rode very unseemly astride as Men do Memorable it is likewise for that King Henry the VIIth and Queen Elizabeth of glorious Memory yielded unto Nature in this place 5. Croidon a Market-Town well frequented whose Inhabitants gain to themselves great advantages by selling of Char-Coal 6. Lambeth a Town famous in former times for the Death of Canutus the Hardy King of England who there Revelling with his Lords amidst his Cups yielded up his Breath but at this time 't is much frequented by reason of the Archbishop of Canterbury's Palace which is in this place 7. Southwark the most famous Market-Town and place of Trade in all this Shire 't is so large and populous that it gives place to few Cities in England in the Reign of King Edward the VIth it was annexed to the City of London and is at this day reckoned as a part of it Sussex IN Latin Sussexia is bounded on the West by Hampshire on the North by Surrey and part of Kent on the East by Kent on the South it lieth upon the Brittish Ocean on the Sea-Coast it hath many green Hills of an exceeding heighth called the Downs which standing on a Chalky sort of Mould yield great plenty of Corn the middle part of it is

adorn'd with Meadows Corn-Fields and Groves which afford a delightful Prospect The Principal Towns are these 1. Chichester a City well Inhabited having very fair and regular Buildings the Streets crossing one another exactly in the middle in which is erected a fair Stone Market-place supported with Pillars round about it hath a very stately Cathedral the Bishop's See is kept here 't is encompass'd almost round with the Lavant which falls not far off into the Sea it was Built by Cissa King of the South-Saxons A. C. 514. 2. Arundel a good frequented Market-Town memorable for a magnificent strong Castle Built near it belonging to the Earl of Arundel 3. Lewis a fair Town seated upon a rising Ground which for its greatness and multitude of Inhabitants is reputed one of the Chiefest Towns in all this County famous it is for the bloody Battel between King Henry the IIId and his unruly Barons An. 1263. in which the King lost the day upon Prince Edward his Son 's pursuing a Troop of the Enemy too far which he had first routed by his Valour 4. Hastings one of the Cinque-Ports the Landing-place of the Normans famous for the overthrow of King Harold in the Fields adjoining 't is Inhabited by a War-like People who are Skilful Sailors 't is well stor'd with Barks it serving both the Country and London in Fish which they have here in great Plenty 5. Winchelsey 't is situated on an high Hill very steep on that side which looketh towards the Sea it was enclos'd with a Rampier and afterwards with very strong Walls but it no sooner began to flourish but it was unfortunately Sack'd by the French and Spaniards it beareth now only the countenance of a fair Town it having lost its chiefest Beauty upon the Seas leaving it 6. Rhye it lay for a good while unknown in former Ages but upon the decay of Winchelsey it began to flourish it was Wall'd about by King Edward the IIId and had then a very commodious Haven it being an usual passage from hence to Normandy it is now in a manner deserted by the Sea yet notwithstanding it hath very many Fishing Vessels so that it serveth London with variety of Fish Thus far Sussex which together with Surrey was the Habitation of the Regni in the time of the Brittains and was afterwards the Kingdom of the South-Saxons but in the 306th Year after the beginning of it it came under the Dominion of the West-Saxons Kent Cangi IN Latin Cantium 't is bounded on the North by Essex on the East by the Channel it hath Sussex on the South and Surrey on the West to confine upon it 't is every where full of Meadows Pastures and Corn-Fields abounding wonderfully in Apple-Trees and Cherry-Trees which being brought out of Corasus a City of Tontus by Lucullus into Italy in the 608th Year after the Building of Rome and the 120th Year after that translated from thence into Brittain which was 24 Years ante Christum The Principal Towns are these 1. Deptford a Town where the King's Ships are usually Built and such as are decay'd Repair'd there is also a Storehouse and College erected here for the use of the Navy 't is remarkable for the Monument of Sir Francis Drake's Ship which by the Command of Queen Elizabeth was drawn on shore in this place the Carkass of it is yet to be seen 2. Greenwich a very beautiful Town but especially in respect of the King's House which Humphrey Duke of Glocester Built and nam'd Placence 't is likewise particularly famous for the Birth of Queen Elizabeth 3. Eltham a fair well Built Town formerly the retiring place of the Kings of Kent 4. Sevenoke in this place Sir William Sevenoke an Alderman of London being a Foundling and brought up here and therefore so nam●d built in grateful remembrance an Hospital and School he liv'd in the Reign of King Henry the Vth. 5. Dartford a large great Market-Town well frequented and well Watered here King Edward the IIId Built a Nunnery which King Henry the VIIIth converted into a House for himself and his Successors 6. Gravesend a Town as well known as any in England for the usual passage by Water between it and London King Henry the VIIIth when he Fortified the Sea-Coast rais'd two Platforms here and two other on the side of Essex opposite to it 7. Tunbridge a Town well Inhabited famous in old time for a fair large Castle fenc'd with a River and deep Ditches which Richard Lord of Briony Built there the very Ruins of it at this time manifestly declare the greatness of it 8. Maidstone the largest and most beautiful Town in all this Shire most commodiously seated for publick Business one of the two common Prisons of all this County is appointed here its Inhabitants are particularly noted for their Manufacture in Thread 9. Rochester a City seated on the River Medway but of no greatness in former times called Durobrivis but afterwards Roffa 't is honoured with a Bishop's See and is the Second City for Antiquity in all this Island 10. Chetham the Station of the Royal Navy where our Kings have always one ready for any Service whatever it was Built with exceeding great Cost by the Command of Queen Elizabeth who for the defence thereof raised a Castelet by the River side Our Ships in this place to the dishonour of our Nation were burnt by the Dutch A. C. 1667. 11. Queensborough a Port-Town well Inhabited it hath Westward in the Front a very fine strong Castle Built by Edward the IIId 12. Feversham a Town very commodiously situated the most plentiful part of all this Country lying round about it it hath a little Creek sit for bringing in and exporting Commodities so that at this day it flourisheth among the neighbouring Towns 13. Canterbury an ancient City famous in the time of the Romans 't is neither very great nor very small it has little or nothing in it worth Observation besides the Cathedral famous it is in regard of St. Augustine its first Archbishop who is here Interr'd 14. Isle of Tanet a very pleasant fruitful place its Inhabitants are very Industrious getting their Living both by Sea and Land they being both Fishermen and Plowmen Husbandmen and Mariners they are always ready appointed for both Elements they in a manner going round and keeping a circle in these their Labours 15. Sandwich one of the Cinque-Ports 't is on the North and West sides Fortified with walls and on the other parts fenc'd with a Rampier River and Ditch The Haven upon the account of the Sands choaking it and a Ship of Burthen's being accidentally sunk in the Channel is not deep enough for any Tall Vessels 16. Sandon Deal Walmer Three neighbouring Castles Built by King Henry VIII 't is generally reported that Julius Caesar Landed first at this place 17. Dover 't is seated on the Sea-shore where the passage is shortest into France for that cause Fortified with a strong and impregnable Castle

the third Dynasty when the Succession seems so clear and so certain an Epocha as the Building of Rome to deduce their accounts from their Chronology be yet uncertain for several of their best Historians make no scruple to confess That no certain account can be given of Rome which was 25 Years after the Olympiads and but 752 Ante Christum till the Regisugium which was 268 Years Ante Christum 384. A fair account then we are like to expect concerning the first rise of our own Nation after so many revolutions of Ages wherein Truth seems as it were more and more to have withdrawn her self from us which to trace out we must again return to the Romans who are the best able to satisfy us in this case This is most certain that the account of Times before the Romans either in Italy Germany Old Gallia or Brittain is scarce sit to be discoursed of under any other Head than that of Impostures not that I think that these Nations had lain in a perpetual sleep till the Romans rous'd them with their Swords and waken'd them as I may say into some kind of Civility but that they had no certain uniform way of conveying the Transactions of their own and former times to the view of Posterity On which account we may very justly reject all those pretended Successions of Gomer and Brute as Fabulous as also that this Island was Inhabited by Giants with a great many other I know not what pretty Stories adapted to the Ignorance of those times However all Historians agree in this That it is highly probable that the first Inhabitants of this Island were Originally descended from the ancient Gauls that part of the World being long Inhabited before this which is sufficiently apparent from the resemblance of their Government Manners Conditions Buildings Habits and the Community of their Language which is the surest proof a Nations Original As for its Name the most probable Conjecture is That it was termed Brittain from Brit which in the ancient Brittish Language signifies Painted and the word Tain which denotes a Nation agreeable to the Custom of the ancient Brittains who used to discolour and paint their Bodies that in their Wars they might seem more Terrible to their Enemies We are inform'd by Julius Caesar in his Commentaries That it was Governed at first by several petty Rulers and Princes of different Interests and Counsels He Landed in Brittain A. M. 3095. or thereabouts but was repuls'd by C●ssibelan a Bold and Warlike Prince who was Chosen King or rather Generalissimo by the Unanimous Consent of the other Roytelets to repel the common Enemy He afterwards made several Inroads into it but without any great Success he in the end being forc'd to leave it to the Government of its own Kings Augustus Tiberius and Caligula seemed with good Advice to have neglected it but in the Reign of the Emperor Claudius Plautius the Praetor and after him Ostorius subdued a great part of it Nero being Emperor Suetonius his Lieutenant gained a memorable Victory over Bonduce the Wife of Prasutagus King of the Iceni After which time the Romans still gaining ground the Island was at last totally Conquered in the Reign of the Emperor Domitian and by his Command first made a Province under Agricola who much about that time subdu'd Scotland and Ireland The Romans after they had kept it in Subjection several Hundred Years were upon the Northern Nations sacking Rome under the Command of Alaricus King of the Goths and Vandals recalled by the Emperor Honorius at which time Brittain being left in a manner naked and destitute of help the Picts and Scots presently invade it The Brittains after they had repelled them for several Years being at length much weakned they Counsel their King Vortigern to call the Saxons to their Assistance by whose Aid under the Commands of their Captains Hengist and Horsa they overcame their Enemies in a pitch'd Battel near Stamford in Lincolnshire They rewarded the Saxons for this Victory first with the Isle of Thanet and afterwards with the whole County of Kent who growing daily more Powerful dispossessed at length their Benefactors of their Native Habitations so that in the Reign of Cadwallader the last of the Brittish Kings they were compleat Masters of the whole Island parcelling it out into seven Kingdoms generally called the Saxons Heptarchy The Saxon Kings striving amongst themselves for Sovereignty were at last after they had Ruled separately 129 Years reduced under subjection by Egbert King of the West-Saxons A. C. 818. who caused this Land to be called England by a Parliament held at Winchester From Egbert England continued under the Government of its own Kings till the Year 1017 which was 199 Years about which time Edmund surnamed Ironside being Murther'd the Danes having for a long time infessed our Coasts hoping to succeed as the Saxons before them had done Canutus King of Denmark seiz'd into his hands the Regal Government The Danish Kings having Rul'd England 29 Years Edward the Confessor the Brother of Edmund Ironside succeeded in the Kingdom A. C. 1046. who out of the Saxon Mercian and Danish Laws Compil'd one Universal Body of the Law from whence our Common Law is thought to have its Original He Reigned 20 Years and died A. C. 1066. to whom succeeded Harold who having Reigned near a Year was slain in a pitch'd Battel near Hastings in Sussex A. C. 1067. by William the Conqueror from whom begins the most exact Computation of the Kings of England Thus much I thought necessary to give the Reader some insight into the first Ages of our Nation which I have endeavoured to perform in as concise a manner as the Subject could possibly admit of I shall now proceed in the Description of England as it stands divided by King Alfred into Shires or Counties which I have placed in that order as they are afterwards Treated of beginning with the Learned Cambden First in the furthest Western Parts and so from thence pass over the other Countries in order imitating herein as he judiciously Observes Strabo Ptolomy and others the most ancient Geographers who always begin their Descriptions in the Western Countries as being first from the first Meridian The Shires of England are generally computed to be 39 to which if we add 13 more in Wales reckoning the Isle of Anglesey to be one the whole makes 52. 6 of which were first Ordained in the Reign of Edward the First A. C. 1280. the rest were constituted in the Reign of Henry the VIIIth by a Parliamentary Authority An. Dom. 1510. The Names of the Shires in England Cornwall Devonshire Dorsetshire Somersetshire Wiltshire Hampshire Barkshire Surrey Sussex Kent Glocestershire Oxfordshire Buckinghamshire Bedfordshire Hartfordshire Middlesex Essex Suffolk Norfolk Cambridgeshire Huntingtonshire Northamptonshire Leicestershire Rutlandshire Lincolnshire Nottinghamshire Darbyshire Warwickshire Worcestershire Staffordshire Shropshire Cheshire Herefordshire Radnorshire Brecknockshire Monmouthshire Glamorganshire Caermarthenshire