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A38421 England's remarques giving an exact account of the several shires, counties, and islands in England and Wales. In every of which you have I. How the county is bounded. II. The length, breadth, and circumference. III. The temperature of the air, and fertility or barrenness of the soil. IV. What commodities each shire or county affordeth. V. In what dioces, and how many parishes in it. VI. The number of Parliament-men, hundreds, and market-towns. VII. In every shire you have the name of the city or shire-town, with the latitude thereof, and how it bears, with the reputed and measured distance of the same from London, the road to the same; how governed, and the coat of arms, and what other things are therein remarkable. VIII. You have the names of such noble families as have been dukes or earls of each county since their first constitution. IX. Whatsoever is eminent or remarkable thorow-out the whole kingdom. To which is added a travelling map, describing the principal roads thorow-out England. 1682 (1682) Wing E3027; ESTC R218203 95,213 312

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Amounderne Blackburn Laisand West Darbie Salford And in these Hundreds are 26 Market-Towns viz. Boulton Mon. Blackborn M. Wigan M. and Fr. Poulton Mon. Cartmill Mon. Hornby Mon. Haws-head Mon. Rochdale Tues Charley Tu. Ormek rk Tues Kirkham Tues Prescot Tues H●slington Wed. Coln Wed. Warington W. Preston W. F. S. Bury Thurs Gastinge Th. Vlverston Th. Lancaster Sa. Manchester Sa. Clitheroe Sa. Leverpoole Sa. Dalton Sa. Leigh Great Eccleston The Shire-Town in this County is Lancaster lying in the Latitude of 54 deg 10. min. And it beareth from London N. W. by N. and is distant therefrom 187 miles Thus From London to Barnet 10. to St. Alban 20. to Dunstable 30. to Stony Stratford 44. to Toceter 50. to Daventry 60. to Coventry 74. to Lichfield 94. to Rugeley 99. to Stone 110. to Newcastle 116. to Warrington 136. to Newton 141. to Wiggan 148. to Preston 162. to Garstang 172. to Lancaster 187. But by a more exact admeasurement upon this Road it is found to be distant from London 232 miles This Town is very pleasantly situate but the Inhabitants thereof do not much abound in Wealth It is built on the South-side of the River Lon The principal Glory of this Town consisteth in the Church the Castle and the Bridge and in it are many fair and long Streets To this Town K. Edward the Third granted a Mayor and two Bailiffs which are elected out of 12 Brethren assisted by 24 Burgesses by whom it is yearly Governed with the supply of 2 Chamberlains a Recorder Town-Clerk and 2 Sergeants at Mace The Arms of this Town is Party per Fesse Vert and Gules in Chief a Quadrangle of Castles walled Argent and in Base a Lyon of England The Earls and Dukes of this County are Edmond Croukback Earl John of Gaunt D. The Kings of England of the House of Lancaster were Henry the IV. Henry the V. Henry the VI. Henry the VII Those of the House of York Edward IV. Edward V. Richard III. After many Battels and conflicts at length by the happy Marriage of Henry the 7th K. of England next Heir to the House of Lancaster with Elizabeth Daughter and Heir to Edward the 4th of the House of York the Red and white Roses were United Although Lancaster be the Shire Town yet the Town of Manchester far exceedeth it which is famous not only for the Church Colledge and Market-Place but for the great resort to it for Cloathing It was by Anthony the Emperour called Mancunium and was made the Fort and Station of the Romans Bible Chester also in this County though but a little Town hath been esteemed and called The Richest Town in Christendom Things Remarkable in this County Along the Sea side in many places lye heaps of Sand upon which the People pour Water till it contract a Saltish humour from the Sand and this they boyl with Turff till it become White Salt Not far from Fourness Fells is the greatest standing Water in England of a wonderful depth and stretching it self out for the space of 10 miles together all Paved in the bottom with Stone This Water is called the Miander Meer and there breeds in it a kind of Fish called a Chare which is no where else to be found The Mosses in this Shire are very unwholsom but the upper Coat of this Mossy Earth being pared away it yields a fat Earth for Fuel And in divers places under this mossy Earth good Marl is found to inrich the Land On the Banks of the River Irwell there is found a reddish Stone And about Manchester are Quarries of very good Stone By Chatmosse is a low moisy Ground very large a great part of which saith Cambden the Brooks swelling high carried quite away with them whereby the Rivers were corrupted and a number of fresh Fish perished In this place now lyes a low Vale watered with a small Brook where Trees have been digged up lying along The Wood of these Trees burns very bright so that some think them to be Fir Trees But Cambden questions whether they be not Subterraneous Trees growing under Ground as well as Plants and other Creatures Upon the very top of Pendle Hill grows a peculiar Plant called Clowdesberry as coming out of the Clouds This Hill lately did the Countrey near it much harm by abundance of water gushing out of it And this is remarkable for whensoever the top of it is covered with a Myst it is an infallible sign of Rain Besides this Hill there are not far from it two others viz. Ingleborrow and Penigent which seem to touch the Clouds In the River Lune near Cockerfand Abby is great store of Salmon Leicestershire THis Shire is bounded on the East by Lincolnshire On the West by Warwickshire On the South by Northamptonshire And on the North by Derbyshire and Nottinghamshire It containeth in length 30 miles In breadth 26 miles And in Circumference 100 miles The Air of this Shire is mild and wholsom making the Inhabitants very healthy and long liv'd The Soil is good for the production of Corn Cattle and Coles The principal Commodities are Pease Beans Cattle and Wool It is in the Diocess of Lincoln and hath in it 192 Parishes Out of it are elected 4 Parliament Men. Knights 2 Leicester 2 Its Division is into 6 Hundreds viz. West Goscote Sparkingho Goodlaxton Gartrey East Goscote Framland And in these Hundreds are 12 Market-Towns viz. Hinckley Mon. Mont Sorell Mon. Melton Mowbrey Tu. Harborough Tu. B●sworth Wednes Loughborow Th. Waltham Would Th. Hallaton Th. Lutterworth Th. Billesden Frid. Leicester Sat. Asby de la Zouch Sa. The Principal Town in this Shire is Leicester lying in the Latitude of 52 deg 41 min. It beareth from London N. N. W. and is distant therefrom 78 miles Thus From London to Barnet 10. to St. Albans 20. to Dunstable 30. to Stony-Stratford 44. to Northampton 54. to Haverborough 66. to Leicester 78. But by more accurate admeasurement along the Road 98 miles This Town is said to be built by King Leir who lived 844 years before the Birth of Christ By whom this City is annually Governed I do not find but the Arms of the Town seem to be the same with that of Robert de Bellemont who was first Earl thereof which is Gules a Cinquefoil Ermine pierced of the Field The Earls of Leicester since the first Constitution are Robert de Bellemont Simon de Montefort Ranulph Earl of Chester Simon de Montefort Edmond Crouchback Will. de Bavar E. of Holland John of Gaunt D. of Lancaster Robert Dudley Things remarkable in this County Near Bosworth upon Redemore the last of the 13 Battels between the two Houses of York and Lancaster was fought whose dissention spent England more Blood than did the winning of France In which Battel Richard the Tyrant and Usurper by Henry Earl of Richmond with 4000 men were slain and but 10 only on the Earl's part lost their Lives The Corps of the Dead King
certain Officers under them the principal of them hath the Title of Bailiff who in Civil Causes hath the assistance of 12 Jurors to determine differences and minister Justice in this order viz. In Criminal Matters 7 In Matters of Reason and Equity 5. Their 12 are chosen out of the 12 Parishes so that no man goeth farther to complain than to his own Jurate in ordinary Controversies But matters of moment and difficulty are determined before the Bailiff in a general Meeting Things Remarkable in this Island The Inhabitants speak French but very corruptly There are 2 small Islands adjacent to this Island the one called St. Albans the other Hillary The most of the Sheep bred in this Island have 4 Horns apiece IV. Of GARNSEY Island THis Island is encompassed by the Brittish Sea as Jersey was It containeth in length 13 miles In breadth 9 miles And in Circumference 36 miles The Temperature of the Air and Climate differs nothing from that of Jersey The Soil is very fruitful yielding great plenty of Grass for their Sheep and other Cattel The chief Commodities are Sheep Fish Fowl Sider The Government of this Island is much the same with that of Jersey Their Customes and Conditions do more resemble the people of England It hath in it 10 Parishes One Market-Town being also a Haven and is called St. Peter's Port. Things Remarkable in this Island The Fields of this Island in the Summer time are so naturally garnished with Flowers of all sorts that saith Speed being in it he might conceit himself to be in a pleasant artificial Garden The Inhabitants within these 100 years have taken great delight in planting of Fruit-Trees especially Apples of which they make store of Syder Amongst the Rocks of this Island are found a hard Stone called Emerill much used by Goldsmiths and Lapidaries for their cutting of other precious Stones In this Island is neither Toad Adder Snake or other venomous Creature to be found But in Jersey though the Air and Climate be the same with this of Garnsey they have great store of such Creatures THere are 2 other Islands namely Holy Island and Farre Island in neither of which is any thing Remarkable and so I shall say nothing concerning them The Names of the several Cinque-Ports of England and in what County each of them are viz. Dover in Kent Rumney in Kent Sandwich in Kent Hastings in Sussex Rye in Sussex Seaford in Sussex Winchelsey in Sussex An Account of the several Monasteries Priories Frieries Nunneries Colledges and Hospitals in every County in England and Diocesses in Wales which were Demolished in the Reign of K. Henry the VIII and the Annual Revenue of them Counties Names Monasteries Priories Frieries Nunneries Colledges Hospitals Valuation l. s. d. Barkshire 5 2 1 3 3 2 6368 12 8 Bedfordshire 1 6 3 4 3 3 3054 10 3 Buckinghamshire 1 1 1 2 1 0 0730 01 11½ Cambridgeshire 9 14 4 7 1 4 4002 11 10 Cheshire 5 1 3 2 3 1 1447 2 0½ Cornwall 11 3 1 0 2 0 1287 0 6½ Cumberland 4 4 1 2 22 0 2549 12 9 Derbyshire 8 2 0 3 3 1 1055 12 11½ Devonshire 14 10 1 2 1 1 5394 2 6 Dorcetshire 7 2 2 3 3 1 4520 6 9 Durham 4 0 0 1 10 4 2696 15 0 Essex 13 14 3 2 2 4 7013 8 6 Gloucestershire 11 3 1 2 1 5 7302 5 10½ Hantshire 8 10 6 3 3 4 7218 17 5 Herefordshire 2 6 1 2 0 1 0522 4 5 Hertfordshire 2 12 3 5 1 3 4076 3 10 Huntingdonshire 2 4 0 2 8 1 2743 5 6½ Kent 9 13 6 9 1 13 8840 18 7½ Lancashire 5 5 0 0 6 0 2288 19 8½ Leicestershire 9 6 0 3 4 5 4833 11 9½ Lincolnshire 32 24 5 6 5 3 1 1664 12 0½ London 3 3 0 4 2 11 1 2595 8 0 Middlesex 3 3 5 2 9 5 3550 0 8 Counties Names Monasteries Priories Frieries Nunneries Colledges Hospitals Valuation l. s. d. Norfolk 12 20 16 5 9 4 6128 1 3 Northamptonshire 6 6 4 7 7 3 4731 15 6 Nottinghamshire 3 6 2 1 4 3 2763 7 7½ Northumberland 2 2 4 3 3 1 1252 15 10 Oxfordshire 7 7 5 4 1 3 3078 1 6 Rutlandshire 0 1 0 0 0 1 0043 12 4 Shropshire 8 5 6 0 3 2 2757 14 6½ Staffordshire 4 10 2 5 8 3 1902 17 3½ Somersetshire 10 8 2 3 5 6 9324 17 2 Suffolk 13 15 3 3 4 1 5390 7 9 Surrey 3 4 3 0 1 1 4883 14 0½ Sussex 8 9 3 5 3 4 3355 10 7 Warwickshire 4 10 3 6 6 4 3839 3 0 Wiltshire 3 13 4 4 4 8 4044 17 1½ Westmorland 1 0 1 0 0 0 0166 10 6 Worcestershire 7 4 2 2 2 2 4896 1 8 Yorkshire 33 10 11 23 15 10 1 4611 3 5 Asaph Diocess 4 0 0 1 0 1 0808 5 5 Bangor Diocess 5 1 3 0 2 0 0298 18 2 David Diocess 6 5 2 0 7 0 1548 3 7 Landaffe Diocess 6 6 3 1 1 0 0925 12 0   314 290 126 142 198 129 183508-1-11½ A TABLE shewing the Beginning of the Reigns the time of the Reigning the Termination or Ending of the Reigns and the number of Years since the ending of the Reigns of every of the English Saxon and Danish Monarchs from King Egbert to the Norman Conquest Kings Names Began to Reign Reigned Years Ended their Reign Since their Reign 1 Egbert 818 18 836 842 2 Ethelwolf 836 21 857 821 3 Ethelbald 857 1 858 820 4 Ethelbert 858 5 863 815 5 Etheldred 863 10 873 805 6 Alfred 873 27 900 778 7 Edward I. Saxon 900 24 924 754 8 Ethelstan 924 16 940 738 9 Edmund 940 6 946 732 10 Edred 946 9 955 723 11 Edwyn 955 4 959 719 12 Edgar 959 20 979 699 13 Edward II. Saxon. 979 27 1006 672 14 Ethelred 982 34 1016 662 15 Edmond II. 1016 1 1017 661 The Danish Line 16 Canutus 1017 20 1037 641 17 Herold I. 1037 3 1040 638 18 Hardicanutus 1040 2 1042 626 19 Edward Confessor 1042 23 1065 613 20 Herold II. 1065 2 1067 611 The Saxon Line restored A TABLE OF THE KINGS and QUEENS of ENGLAND since the Norman Conquest Kings and Queens Born anno Began to Reign Reigned Y. M. Since their Reigns Ended Buried at William 1 1023 1066 October 14. 20 11 591 September 9. Caen Norm William 2 1057 1087 September 9. 12 11 578 August 2. Winchester Henry 1 1068 1100 August 2. 35 4 543 December 1. Reading Stephen 1105 1135 December 1. 18 11 524 October 26. Feversham The Saxon Line Restored Henry 2 1132 1154 October 25. 35 9 489 July 6. Fountever Richard 1 1152 1189 July 6. 9 9 479 April 6. Fountever John 1165 1199 April 6. 17 6 462 October 19. Worcester Henry 3 1207 1216 October 19. 56 1 406 November 16. Westminster Edward 1 1239 1272 November 16. 34 8 371 July 7. Westminster Edward 2 1283 1307 July 7. 19 6