Selected quad for the lemma: england_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
england_n	earl_n	lord_n	viscount_n	6,197	5	12.0408	5	true

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A14575	The order and vsage of the keeping of a parlement in England, and The description of tholde and ancient cittie of Fxcester [sic]. Collected by Iohn Vovvel alias Hooker gentleman; Order and usage of keeping of the parlements in England	Hooker, John, 1526?-1601.; Hooker, John, 1526?-1601. Discription of the cittie of Excester. aut	1575 (1575)	STC 24887; ESTC S119300	57,649	106

they shall come into the Parlement house in armoure or with their Swoordes but because they should be suche as haue good experience and knowledge in feates of Warre and of martiall affayres whereby they may in suche caces giue the King and Realme good aduise and councel likewise they ought to be Lay men and of good fame honestie and credit béeing not vtlawed excōmunicated or periured or otherwise infamose for such persons ought not to haue place or to be admitted into the Parlement house The degrees of the Parlement IN times past there were six degrées or estates of the Parlement whiche euery of them had their seuerall officers and ministers of attendaunce but now the same are reduced into foure degrées The first is the King who in his personage is a ful and whole degrée of him self and without whome nothing can be doon The second degrée is of the Lords of the Clergie and of the Temporaltie and are all called by the names of Barons The third is of knights Citizens and Burgesses and these be called by the names of the communaltie The fourth is of the Clergie which are called by the name of conudcacion and these persons haue no voice in the Parlement nether can they doo any thing other thē to intreat in causes of Religion which from them is to be commended to other estates Of the places and houses of the Parlement AS it lyeth in the King to assigne and appoint the time when the Parlement shall begin so that he giue at the least forty dayes summons so likewise he may name and appoint the place where it shal be kept but wheresoeuer it bée kept th' olde vsage and maner was that all the whole degrées of the parlement sat togither in one house and euery man that had there to speak did opēly before the king and his whole Parlement but héerof did growe many inconveniences and therfore to auoid the great confusions which are in such great assemblies as also to cut of th' occasions of displeasures which eftsoones did happen when a mean man speaking his conscience fréely either could not be heard or fel into the displeasure of his betters and for sundrye other great gréefs did deuide this one house into thrée houses that is to wit the higher house the lower house and the conuocation house In the first sitteth the King and his Lords spirituall and Temporall called by the name of Barons and this house is called the higher house The second is where the Knights Citizens and Burgesses doo sit and they be called by the name of Commons and this house is called the lower house The third is where the prelats and Proctors of the Clergie sit béeing called by the name of the Clergie and this house is called the conuocation house of euery of these houses their orders and officers we wil bréefly subuect and declare perticulerly in order as foloweth Of the higher house THe higher house as is said is where the King and his Barons doo sit in Parlement where the King sitteth highest and the Lords and Barons beneath him eche man in his degrée the order is this The house is much more in length then in breadth and the higher end therof in the middle is the Kingꝭ seat or Throne hanged richly with cloth of estate and there the king sitteth all waies alone On his right hād there is a long bench next to the wall of the house whiche reacheth not so farre vp as the Kings seat and vpon this sit the Archbishops and Bishops euery one in his degrée On his left hand there are two like bēches vpon the inner sit the Dukes Marquesses Erles and Vicounts On the other which is the hindermoste next to the wall sit all the Barons euery man in his degrée In the middle of the house betwéen the Archbishops seat and the Dukes seat sitteth the Speaker who commonly is the Lord Chaunceller or kéeper of the great Seale of England or the L. chéef Iustice of England as pleaseth the King who dooth appoint him and he hath before him his two Clarks sitting at a Table before them vpon which they doo write and lay their Bookes In the middle rowme beneath them sit the chéef Iustices and Iudges of the Realme the Barons of the Eschequer the Quéenes Sergeants and all such as be of the Kings learned Councel either in the common Lawes of the Realme or of the Ecclesiasticall lawes and all these sit vpon great Wool sacks couered with red cloth At the lower end of all these feates is a bar or a Rail betwéen which and the lower end of the house is a void rowme seruing for the lower house and for all Sutors that shall haue cause and occasion to repair to the King or to the Lords This house as it is distinct from the others so there bée distinct Officers to the same belonging and appertaining whiche all be assigned and appointed by the King and all haue allowances for their charges at the Kings hands of which Officers what they are what is euery of their offices and what allowances they haue shal be written in order héerafter Of the Officers of the higher house and first of the Speaker and of his office THe chéefest Officer of the higher house is the Speaker who is appointed by the King and commonly he is the Lord Chaunceller or kéeper of the great Seale or Lord chéef Iustice of England his office consisteth in diuers points First he must on the first day of the Parlement make his oration in the higher house before the king his Lords and commons then there declare the causes why the King hath summoned that parlement exhorting and aduising euery man to do his office and duty in such sorte as may be to the glory of God honor of the King and benefit of the common welth Also he must make one other oration but in way of answere to the Speakers Oration when he is presented to the King. Likewise he must make the like on the last day of the Parlement and you shall vnderstand that vpon these thrée dayes he standeth on the right hand of the King néer to his seat at a bar there appointed for him but at all other times he sitteth in the middle of the house as is before said When he hath ended his oration vpon the first day he must giue order vnto the lower house in the Kings behalf willing them to repair vnto their house and there according to their ancient order and customes make choice of their Speaker All Billes presēted vnto the higher house he must receiue which he hath foorthwith to deliuer to the Clarkes to be safely kept All Billes he must cause to be red twise before they be ingroced and béeing red thrée times he must put the same to question If any Bil put to question doo passe with their consēt then the same must be sent to the lower house vnlesse it came first from thence and in that cace it

the Parlement door should not be shut but he kept by the Porter or Sergeaunt at Armes Of the help for the King. THe King was not accustomed to demaūd help of his Realme but onely for war that was instant or for the creation of his Sonnes to bée made knights or his Daughters to be maryed and these helps ought to be demaunded in the ful Parlement and in writing to be deliuered vnto euery degrée and they in writing to make answere And if this help ought to be graunted then euery degrée of the Parlemēt should cōcent therto And it is to be knowen that two Knights or two Citizens or two Eurgesses whiche come to the Parlement in graunting or denying any thing demaunded in the Parlement haue more aucthoritie then the greatest Earle in England And in like cace two proctors for the Clergie in one diocesse haue more aucthoritie then their Bishops in things to be graunted or denyed in Parlement and the reason is this The King may holde his parlemēt for the communaltie of his Realme without Bishops Earles or Barons so that they haue lawful sūmons and come not for some time there was no Bishop Earle nor Baron and yet the King hid kéep his Parlemēt but of the contrary if the communaltie of the Clergie and of the Temporaltie be monished to the parlement as they ought to be by the Law and for certain causes they doo not or wilnot come as if they pretend that the King hath not ruled or gouerned them accordingly and doo therin expresse wherin he hath not ruled them accordingly in this cace the Parlement whiche the King holdeth with the Bishops Earles and Barons is of no effect and therfore in all things that are to be graunted ordayned established or broken by parlement the communaltie of the parlement of necessitie must concent therunto For in the cōmunaltie are conteyned iiij degrées of Parlement that is to say proctors of the Clergie Knights of Shéers Citizens of Cittyes and Burgesses of Townes these persons doo represent the whole cōmunaltie of England wher as th' other estates doo represent but their owne persons For billes and peticions of the Parlement THe Parlement ought not to bée ended whiles any peticion dependeth vndiscussed or at least to whome a determinate aunswere is not made and if the King permit the contrary hée is periured also no Péere of the Parlement shall departe from the same without licence obtayned of the King and of his péeres which licence is to be obteyned in open parlement and to be recorded in rolle of Parlement And if it happen any of the Péeres to be sick during the Parlement so that he cannot come to it then for thrée dayes he shall send his excuse to the Parlement but if after thrée dayes passed he come not then two of his péeres shal be sent to him to sée his person and therof to aduertise the Parlement and if any suspicion be had these two Péeres shal be sworne to testifie the very trueth and if it appéer he haue fained him self sick he then to be amerced as a fault for his not appéeraunce at the beginning of the Perlement and if he be sick then before then he shall make a sufficient to appéer in Parlement for him No person of the Parlement can be excused hauing his helth and memory The ending of the Parlement THe finishing of the Parlement must be assigned appointed and openly proclamed bothe in the Parlement and within the palace of the Parlement And if there be any wil say that he hath no answere of his bil deliuered into the Parlement then the Parlement to continue but if no man so say it is to be supposed that euery man hath remedye or assigned how to haue remedy by the Lawes and at the proclamation made if there be no Billes to be laid in the King may licence his Parlement Of the Coppyes of the Records of the Parlement THe Clark of the Parlement shall deny to no man the coppy of his processe but shall deliuer vnto euery man that demaundeth it taking for euery ten lines a peny And if the party be poore and therupon maketh his othe to haue nothing the rolle of the Parlement shal be tenne inches brode The Parlement shal be kept whersoeuer it shall please the King. THese orders in processe of time did successe and were out of all vse few or no Parlements béeing kept from the time of William the Conqueror vntil the reign of King Edward the first who by th' aduise of his wise learned counsailers prescribed a forme order how the Parlements within this Realme should be obserued and kept which orders also in the course of certain yéeres grew out of vse in many points and the order héer ensuing is that which is in our dayes receiued and vsed THE ORDER AND Vsage how to keep a Parlement in England in these dayes colected by Iohn Vowel alias Hooker gentleman one of the Citizens for the Cittie of Exeter at the Parlement holden at VVestminster Anno domine Elizabethae Reginae decimo Tertio 1571. By whome and for what cause a Parlement ought to be summoned and called THe King who is Gods anoynted béeing the hed and chéef of the whole Realme and vpon whome the gouernment and estates therof doo wholy and onely depend hath the power and authoritie to call and assemble his Parlement and therin to séek aske the aduise councel and assistāce of his whole Realme and without this his authoritie no parlement can properly be summoned or assembled And the King hauing this authoritie ought not to summō his Parlement but for weightie great causes and in which he of necessitie ought to haue the aduise and counsel of all the estates of his Realme whiche be these and suche like as foloweth First for Religion for for asmuche as by the Lawes of God and this Realme the King next and immediatly vnder God is his deputye and Vicar in Earth and the chéefest ruler within his Realmes and dominons his office function and duty is abooue all things to séek and sée that God be honored in true Religion and Vertue and that he and his people doo bothe in profession and life liue according to the same Also that all Idolatries false Religions heresies scismes errors supersticions and what so euer is contrary to true Religion all disorders and abuses either among the Clergie or the Laietie be reformed ordred and redressed Also the assuraunce of the King and Quéens persons and of their Children their aduancement preferment in mariages the establishing of succession the suppression of Traitors the aduoyding or eschewing of warres the attempting or mooving of warres the subduing of Rebelles and pacifying of ciuil warres and commotions the leuying or hauing any aide or Subsidye for the preseruation of the King and publique estate Also the making and establishing of good and wholsome Lawes or the repealing and debarring of former Lawes as whose execution may be