Selected quad for the lemma: england_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
england_n	earl_n	lord_n	thomas_n	14,341	5	8.6315	4	true

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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A09851	The preceptes of warre, setforth [sic] by Iames the erle of Purlilia, and tra[n]slated into englysh by Peter Betham; De rei militari. English	Porcia, Jacopo di, conte, 15th cent.; Betham, Peter.	1544 (1544)	STC 20116; ESTC S114959	68,223	210

The preceptes of warre setforth by James the erle of Purlilia and trāslated into englysh by Peter Betham 1544. Though peace be a vertue that vertues do the excell yet mayst thou boldely fyght in a iuste quarell The Epistle To the ryghte honourable syr Thomas Audeleye knyght lorde Audeley of Walden and lorde Chauncelour of Englande Peter Betham wisheth health and cōtinuaunce of honour SOme men peraduēture right honourable lorde wyll thynke me blame worthie bycause I haue presented thys translation to the handes of your lordshyppe rather then to some actyue and valyaūt capitayne whose prowesse is wytnessed by his martiall affayres and bolde enterprises which also is thought in some mens opynyon by dutye to haue the patronage of all those thynges that appertayne to knyghthode and chiualry Euen as Lawe wyghtes and Philosophers which take to theyr selues y e perfect knowledge of thynges are iudged amonge all other men althoughe there be some men whose iudgement is no lesse allowable mooste worthye of whome in maters doubtfull we ought to aske coūsayle and those men ben estemed vnwise whych debate suche causes with other then wyth them syth they haue professed that knowledge Yet to those whych weye thynges by the outewarde face breuely I wyl make this answere Lyke as there be many men whych although they haue not theyr beerdes longe their lockes lyinge on theyr shoulders ne be clothed with the robes of a philosopher yet for theyr hygh knowledge they are not vnworthy that name Euen so there be amonge noble men that be worthye to haue the praysefull name of a capytayne not for theyr brode shoulders out sette brestes and knyghtlye feates But for theyr wysedome conueyaunce and watchefull foreseinge of all suche thynges whych by any meanes maye anoie or ouerwhelme the state of the common wealth For the strength of the bodye is not to be matched wyth wytfulnesse and fyne vnderstandynge And that cytye is not best defenced whyche is inuyronned wyth stronge walles and warded with fortresses of bulworkes trenches and suche other lyke but that whyche wyth wyse counsaylours is proptvp and strengthed Also ryght honourable lorde lyke as Cicero whyche was chosen Consull in the ciuyle and inwarde ruffelyng by the free consente of good men was worthely called the father of theyr countrye defendour of theyr cytye and mayntayner of theyr liberties not for his valyauntnesse in warrely dedes and that he was the graunde capytayne to leade the Romayne power agaynste Catilyne and hys mooste wycked fellowes but that throughe hys endeuoure and carefulle dylygence he saued the cytye of Rome from fyre the virgyns and wyues from rauyshyng and the tēples frō spoyling the Senatours from slaughter and thoughtlesse for hys owne lyfe vanquyshed the cursed conspiracye of Catiline with the whole route of so many brainsyke hopelostes whych were alied vnto hym Thys was not done by hys stoute fyghtynge but by hys dilygente carefulnesse swete orations by whiche he brought to passe all hys attemptates and affayers Euen so ryght honourable lorde you beyng chosen to this hygh offyce whyche by you is setteforth and honested haue bothe in inwarde commotions and outward warres shewed your endeuour to defende this royalme as well from the bloodsheddynge and slaughter of it selfe as from the entryes of forayne enemyes not that you dydde beare harnesse on youre backe lodge in the campe and leade an armye but that by your aduyse and counsayle such thinges haue ben decreed suche enterpryses fynysshed and weyghtye matters concluded that thys royalme hath flourysshed all thynges haue luckely chaunced and oure enemyes on euerye parte subdued This your lordshyppes wysdome vnder oure moost gracyous noble and soueraygne prynce Kynge Henrye the tyght by your swete and pleasaunte orations haue opened and broughte to passe suche thynges amonge other the honourable senatours auncient fathers and worthye counsaylours of this royalme whyche haue auaunced the common profyte enlarged the marches of this lande and brought vnder to thys daye all our enemyes Wherfore the famous and worthye name of a capytayne in suche one as you be rather then in any other is prayseable in whome so many vertues be linked whyche you haue gotten by paynefulnesse paynefulnesse hath purchased you great renoume renoume hath auaunced you to honour honour hath made manye to folowe you whych folowers with most prayse do treade the footesteppes of so auncient and wytfull a capytayne Furthermore yf we cal to remembraūce the Grekes and Troians and searche whych of them deserued greatest prayse in that longe battayle amonge whome the feates of chiualrie were moost vsed we shall sone se that wysdome had euer the hyghest prayse For Vlisses bothe of Homere and other wryters was moche more praysed then eyther was Achilles or Aiax whyche both in strength passed all other For howe many thinges were conueyed by Vlisses wysedome whych the puissaunce of Achilles the strength of Aiax the fersenesse of Diomede could neuer brynge to passe ne ones attouche Who was ambassadoure to Achilles Vlisses Who plucked the Grekes from flyght Vlisses Who caused the death of Rhesus Vlisses Who was the destruction of Troye Vlisses whyche all were doone by wysedome and not by strength of the bodye For strength stryketh wysdome refrayneth strength feareth no perils wisdome stayeth strēgth is rasshe and foolehardye wysedome is bolde and puissaunt whyche alone doth shape and worke all thynges past mans iudgement for which cause in the frame of mans body she is set in the hyest place Wysdome also is lykened to y e goddesse Pallas whyche as well among the wil les of y e goddes as mens doynges doth decise all thynges Thys ladye was of the grekes partye whyche euer was at hande wyth Vlisses in all weyghty and dowbtefulle matters by whose helpe he waded thorough owte all ieoperdyes whych mought haue ben noyouse to the whole armye of the grecians Thys one ladye doth guyde al magistrates as well in tyme of warre as of peace Thys lady in all common weales doeth lyfte vp one to ben as a shynynge starre a pure bright glasse y t in one she maye shewe forth her hye gyftes as appeareth by one Annibal whych by wysdome dydde almoste caste downe the romayne empyre breke theyr force darken the renoume of the noble Senators whych beyng lordes ouer all the worlde in strengthe coulde neuer be matched w t anye forayne prince but wyth thys one Anniball whome wysedome dyd guyde Whyche also dyd welknowe that wysedome woulde mayster strength Nowe ryghte honorable lorde none vpryght reader can blame me that wisdome is so set alofte enhaūced which so moche surmounteth strengthe whan greater renoume is due to the polytike counsaylour then to the stronge man of armes Whyche thynge is daylye seen in our warres in the noble capytayns of thys realme whose straūge sleightes and feates of warre yf any man wyl go abowte to brynge togyther and make a booke therof he shulde playnely shewe that the youthe of Englande doth so florysshe

of water we ben enforced to occupye wel water great hede is it to be taken that suche welles be not poysoned by some crafte to the vtter destruction of theyr whole hoste whyche sone maye chaunce yf we take not moost dyligent care and hede 79. ¶ To chose a place to fyght in When our enemyes doo preuayle in force and nombre of men and we can not auoyd but gyue battayl best it is to chose a narrowe and strayte place lest our enemyes enclose and compasse vs rounde about wherby we shalbe sone vanquyshed and ouercomen 78. ¶ To mocke our enemyes Yf we be dryuen to flyght on the hye see for that we be not able to matche our enemyes and they make sayle after vs verye swyftly and ben euen in our tayle it shalbe good to mocke them thus Fyrste to cause our nauye to stryke sayle and make a bragge as we wolde fyght that done wyll the maryners at a sygne gyuen to hoyse vp the sayles to be readye to flye agayne the whych thynge when thyne enemyes shall perceyue shortly wyll they shyppe theyr ores and take them to theyr harneys couerynge theyr heedes wyth theyr sallettes and brefely prouydyng all thynges whych shall be thought necessary for battayle Thē when we shal se our enemyes harnessed and readye to fyght the sygne gyuen our nauye maye make awaye with all haste and flye And they loden wyth harneys shall not recouer to ouertake vs. 81. ¶ When thyne hoste is in great ieopardye When thyne armie is in great ieoperdie my coūsayl is y t chiefe capitayne yea al y t capitaynes to lyght downe from theyr horses therby to encourage the hertes of their souldiours by their bold aduēture lyke daunger and that more stoutlye and gredely they maye fyght seing theyr capitaynes beinge in lyke peryll and fierselye encountrynge wyth theyr ennemyes and so the souldyours castynge of all hope to flye may cousydre this with them selues eyther to vanquysh theyr enemyes or els to dye with glorye and prayse 82 ¶ what is to be done when thyne enemyes ben at hande When the hostes ben in ioynynge and both partes redye to fyght it is the parte of a pollityke and wyttie capitayne to pmesse greate rewardes vnto hys men yf they beatdowne and subdue his enemies wyth whyche hope they greatly gladdened wyll be more prest to set vpon theyr enemyes and purpose wyth them selfe neuer to gyue ouer ne turne theyr faces vntyll they haue atchyeued the vyctorye whych assured opynyon hath ben y e cause of many victoryes 83. ¶ To prouyde that thyne armye maye haue suffysaunce of vytayle The dutye of a carefull capitayne is to foresee that hys armye haue suffycyent vytayles For yf they be sterued for hūgre vnpossible it is that they shoulde do anye thynge vyliauntly when not onlye men but also horses famysshed doo lose theyr strength and lustynesse whereby they be not able to stryke theyr enemye ne yet to defende theyr selues 85. ¶ To prouoke thyne enemyes to fyght in ioyned battayle Yf thou desyre to ioyne in battayl wyth thyne enemyes and to come to handstrokes eyther for the greate commoditie of thyne armie or for some great nede myne aduyse is to dispeople the countries wast and destroye the fieldes rounde about to cause thyne outryders to raunge harde to the pale of thyne enemyes or vse some other kynde of displeasure wherhy they prouoked rashly wyll gyue battayle and so accordyng to thy desyre thyne enemies shall come forth But yet remembre neuer to ioyne in battayle except thou haue before vsed some pollicie or layed thy traynes to entrappe thyne enemyes or doo preuayle in an excedyng nombre of men and force of souldyours whiche be bothe act yue and puissaunt Then vndoubtedlye wythoute anye sleyghtes in playne fielde saufely thou mayest encountre and ioyne in battayle with them ¶ Thus endeth the boke of James the Erle of Purlilie dedicated to kynge Ferdinandus in the peare of our Lorde M. D. xxvii I Wyll be bolde moost gentle readers to put to this one precept of warre In whiche I wyl somewhat to my poore iudgement shewe the nature of Englysh men that the capitaynes of Englande may knowe and be warned which thynge without my warnyuge they do well followe and kepe although I shal do no great hurt to leaue that in wrytynge whiche they to theyr hygh prayse forsee in theyr warres that Engysh men be not able to continue war neither at home ne yet in forayne royalmes without vytayles Wherfore all capitaynes ought to prouyde that theyr souldyours maye haue meate and drynke ynough to fylle theyr bellye or els they can not so fiersely and gredelye contynue warre as they dyd begynne For Englyshmen of our nature be not content with so lytle meate and scarce foode as other men borne in the hye countryes be For whych cause theyr strength is weakened when that they lacke feedyng accordyng to the saying of Polidore which sayth that none armye neuer so great is able to withstande a garrison of Englyshe men at the fyrst brounte and begyunynge of theyr warres Whych saying maye thus way be true yf they haue not suche plentie of vytayles to suffyce theyr appetyte and hungre as they had at the begynnyng For by hungre theyr force and fiercenesse doeth slake Also all you capitaynes remēbre to prayse set forth w t moost gentle wordes the doynges of youre sould yours and sometyme to rewarde them freelye when wyth prayse they ben encouraged and harted to take in hande any great enterprice and for hope of rychesse at the deuysion of the pyllage and bothe they wyll not feare to ieoparde theyr lyues Wherfore they must be cōmaunded at the wynnynge of all townes and cyties fyrste manlye to fyght and delyuer them selues out of al feare of theyr enemyes and then frelye euery man to get what they canne and gather all prayes to theyr owne vse and profyte Wyth whyche hope they wyll be so encouraged that the power of anye prince is not able to be are theyr force and violence For by nature men of the east countrie be sharpened to fyght and encouraged by hope and aduaūtage FINIS ¶ A table contaynynge the chapiters of the fyrste booke To chose the capitayne Cap. 2. Of sufferaunce in warre ca. 3. Of the stowte and valyaunt mynde of a capytayne 4. Of the assyege and assault of a citie 5. Of a gret army of our enemyes 6. Of the reproche of that capytayne which howeseth hys armye in the sommer tyme. 7. To spye and serch a place to fyght in 8. Of the apparell of the capitayne 9. To knowe the maners and condicions of thyne enemyes before thowe make Battayle 10. Of the Germaynes Frenchmen 11. Of sedition to be appeysed amonges an armye 12. Howe to viewe the armye of thyne ennemyes 13. Of peace to be p̄ferred before batayle 14. Of tempestes and other clamours in an hoste 15. Of the rerewarde 16. Of great cities 17. In campyng thyne armye what is to be