my Intention to give your Grace a faithful account of Your Graces Commands as becomes May it please your Grace Your Graces most humble and most obedient Servant Iohn Rolleston THE LIFE OF THE MOST ILLUSTRIOUS PRINCE WILLIAM Duke of Newcastle The First Book SInce my chief intent in this present Work is to describe the Life and Actions of My Noble Lord and Husband William Duke of Newcastle I shall do it with as much Brevity Perspicuity and Truth as is required of an Impartial Historian The History of his Pedigree I shall refer to the Heralds and partly give you an account thereof at the latter end of this work onely thus much I shall now mention as will be requisite for the better understanding of the following discourse His Grandfather by his Fathers side was Sir William Cavendish Privy Counsellour and Treasurer of the Chamber to King Henry the Eighth Edward the Sixth and Queen Mary His Grandfather by his Mother was Cuthbert Lord Ogle an ancient Baron His Father Sir Charles Cavendish was the youngest son to Sir William and had no other Children but three Sons whereof My Lord was the Second but his elder Brother dying in his Infancy left both his Title and Birth-right to My Lord so that My Lord had then but one onely Brother left whose name was Charles after his Father whereas My Lord had the name of his Grandfather These two Brothers were partly bred with Gilbert Earl of Shrewsbury their Uncle in Law and their Aunt Mary Countess of Gilbert's Wife and Sister to their Father for there interceded an intire and constant Friendship between the said Gilbert Earl of Shrewsbury and My Lord's Father Sir Charles Cavendish caused not onely by the marriage of My Lord's Aunt his Fathers Sister to the aforesaid Gilbert Earl of Shrewsbury and by the marriage of George Earl of Gilbert's Father with My Lord's Grandmother by his Fathers side but Sir Charles Cavendish My Lord's Father and Gilbert Earl of Shrewsbury being brought up and bred together in one Family and grown up as parts of one body after they came to be beyond Children and travelled together into foreign Countries to observe the Fashions Laws and Customs of other Nations contracted such an intire Friendship which lasted to their death neither did they out live each other long for My Lord's Father Sir Charles Cavendish lived but one year after Gilbert Earl of Shrewsbury But both My Lords Parents and his Aunt and Uncle in Law shewed always a great and fond love to My Lord endeavouring when He was but a Child to please him with what he most delighted in When He was grown to the Age of fifteen or sixteen he was made Knight of the Bath an ancient and honourable Order at the time when Henry King Iames of blessed Memory His eldest Son was created Prince of Wales and soon after he went to travel with Sir Henry Wotton who was sent as Ambassador Extraordinary to the then Duke of Savoy which Duke made very much of My Lord and when he would be free in Feasting placed Him next to himself Before My Lord did return with the Ambassador into England the said Duke profer'd My Lord that if he would stay with him he would not onely confer upon him the best Titles of Honour he could but also give him an honourable Command in War although My Lord was but young for the Duke had then some designs of War But the Ambassador who had taken the care of My Lord would not leave Him behind without his Parents consent At last when My Lord took his leave of the Duke the Duke being a very generous person presented Him with a Spanish Horse a Saddle very richly embroidered and with a rich Jewel of Diamonds Some time after My Lord's return into England Gilbert Earl of Shrewsbury died and left My Lord though he was then but young and about Twenty two years of age his Executor a year after his Father Sir Charles Cavendish died also His Mother being then a Widow was desirous that My Lord should marry in obedience to whose Commands he chose a Wife both to his own good liking and his Mothers approving who was Daughter and Heir to William Basset of Blore Esq a very honourable and ancient Family in Stafford-Shire by whom was added a great part to His Estate as hereafter shall be mentioned After My Lord was married he lived for the most part in the Country and pleased Himself and his neighbours with Hospitality and such delights as the Country afforded onely now and then he would go up to London for some short time to wait on the King About this time King Iames of blessed memory having a purpose to confer some Honour upon My Lord made him Viscount Mansfield and Baron of Bolsover and after the decease of King Iames King Charles the First of blessed Memory constituted him Lord Warden of the Forrest of Sherewood and Lieutenant of Nottingham-Shire and restored his Mother Catharine the second Daughter of Cuthbert Lord Ogle to her Fathers Dignity after the death of her onely Sister Iane Countess of Shrewsbury publickly declaring that it was her Right which Title after the death of his Mother descended also upon My Lord and his Heirs General together with a large Inheritance of 3000 l. a year in Northumberland About the same time after the decease of William late Earl of Devonshire his Noble Cousin German My Lord was by his said Majesty made Lord Lieutenant of Derby-Shire which trust and honour after he had enjoyed for several years and managed it like as all other offices put to his Trust with all possible care faithfulness and dexterity during the time of the said Earls Son William the now Earl of Devonshire his Minority as soon as this same Earl was come to age and by Law made capable of that trust he willingly and freely resign'd it into his hands he having hitherto kept it onely for him that he and no body else might succeed his Father in that dignity In these and all other both publick and private imployments My Lord hath ever been careful to keep up the Kings Rights to the uttermost of his power to strengthen those mentioned Counties with Ammunition and to administer Justice to every one for he refused no mans Petition but sent all that came to him either for relief or justice away from him fully satisfied Not long after his being made Lieutenant of Nottingham-Shire there was found so great a defect of Armes and Ammunition in that County that the Lords of the Council being advertised thereof as the manner then was His Majesty commanded a levy to be made upon the whole County for the supply thereof whereupon the sum of 500 l. or thereabout was accordingly levied for that purpose and three Persons of Quality then Deputy Lieutenants were desired by My Lord to receive the money and see it disposed which being done accordingly and a certain account rendred to My Lord he voluntarily
who also came to take their leaves of My Lord being much troubled at his departure and speaking very honourably of him as surely they had no reason to the contrary The Second Book HAving hitherto faithfully related the life of My Noble Lord and Husband and the chief Actions which He performed during the time of his being employed in His Majesties Service for the Good and Interest of his King and Country until the time of his going out of England I shall now give you a just account of all that passed during the time of his banishment till the return into his native Country My Lord being a Wise Man and foreseeing well what the loss of that fatal Battle upon Hessom-moor near York would produce by which not onely those of His Majesties Party in the Northern parts of the Kingdom but in all other parts of His Majesties Dominions both in England Scotland and Ireland were lost and undone and that there was no other way but either to quit the Kingdom or submit to the Enemy or die he resolved upon the former and preparing for his journey asked his Steward How Much Money he had left Who answer'd That he had but 90 l. My Lord not being at all startled at so small a Summ although his present design required much more was resolved too seek his Fortune even with that litle and thereupon having taken leave of His Highness Prince Rupert and the rest that were present went to Scarborough as before is mentioned where two Ships were prepared for Hamborough to set sail within 24 hours in which he embarqued with his Company and arrived in four days time to the said City which was on the 8th of Iuly 1644. In one of these Ships was my Lord with his two Sons Charles Viscount Mansfield and Lord Henry Cavendish now Earl of Ogle as also Sir Charles Cavendish My Lord's Brother the then Lord Bishop of London-derry Dr. Bramhall the Lord Falconbridg the Lord Widdrington Sir William Carnaby who after died at Paris and his Brother Mr. Francis Carnaby who went presently in the same Ship back again for England and soon after was slain by the Enemy near Sherborne in York-shire besides many of my Lord's and their servants In the other Ship was the Earl of Ethyne Lieutenant General of My Lord's Army and the Lord Cornworth But before My Lord landed at Hamborough his eldest Son Charles Lord Mansfield fell sick of the Small-Pox and not long after his younger Son Henry now Earl of Ogle fell likewise dangerously ill of the Measels but it pleased God that they both happily recovered My Lord finding his Company and Charge very great although he sent several of his Servants back again into England and having no means left to maintain him was forced to seek for Credit where at last he got so much as would in part relieve his necessities and whereas heretofore he had been contented for want of a Coach to make use of a Waggon when his occasions drew him abroad he was now able with the credit he had got to buy a Coach and nine Horses of an Holsatian breed for which Horses he paid 160 l. and was afterwards offer'd for one of them an hundred Pistols at Paris but he refused the money and presented seven of them to Her Majesty the Queen-Mother of England and kept two for his own use After my Lord had stay'd in Hamborough from Iuly 1644 till February 1645 4 he being resolved to go into France went by Sea from Hamborough to Amsterdam and from thence to Rotterdam where he sent one of his Servants with a Complement and tender of his humble Service to Her Highness the then Princess Royal the Queen of Bohemia the Princess Dowager of Orange and the Prince of Orange which was received with much kindness and civility From Rotterdam he directed his Journey to Antwerp and from thence with one Coach one Chariot and two Waggons he went to Mechlin and Brussels where he received a Visit from the Governour the Marquess of Castel Rodrigo the Duke of Lorrain and Count Piccolomini From thence he set forth for Valenchin and Cambray where the Governour of the Town used my Lord with great respect and civility and desired him to give the word that night Thence he went to Peroon a Frontier Town in France where the Vice-Governour in absence of the Governour of that place did likewise entertain my Lord with all respect and desired him to give the Word that night and so to Paris without any further stay My Lord being arrived at Paris which was in April 1645 immediately went to tender his humble duty to Her Majesty the Queen-Mother of England where it was my Fortune to see him the first time I being then one of the Maids of Honour to Her Majesty and after he had stay'd there some time he was pleased to take some particular notice of me and express more then an ordinary affection for me insomuch that he resolved to chuse me for his Second Wife for he having but two Sons purposed to marry me a young Woman that might prove fruitful to him and encrease his Posterity by a Masculine Off-spring Nay He was so desirous of Male-Issue that I have heard him say He cared not so God would be pleased to give him many Sons although they came to be Persons of the meanest Fortunes but God it seems had ordered it otherwise and frustrated his Designs by making me barren which yet did never lessen his Love and Affection for me After My Lord was married having no Estate or Means left him to maintain himself and his Family he was necessitated to seek for Credit and live upon the Courtesie of those that were pleased to Trust him which although they did for some while and shew'd themselves very civil to My Lord yet they grew weary at length insomuch that his Steward was forced one time to tell him That he was not able to provide a Dinner for him for his Creditors were resolved to trust him no longer My Lord being always a great master of his Passions was at least shew'd himself not in any manner troubled at it but in a pleasant humour told me that I must of necessity pawn my Cloaths to make so much Money as would procure a Dinner I answer'd That my Cloaths would be but of small value and therefore desired my Waiting-Maid to pawn some small toys which I had formerly given her which she willingly did The same day in the afternoon My Lord spake himself to his Creditors and both by his civil Deportment and perswasive Arguments obtained so much that they did not onely trust him for more necessaries but lent him Mony besides to redeem those Toys that were pawned Hereupon I sent my Waiting-Maid into England to my Brother the Lord Lucas for that small Portion which was left me and my Lord also immediately after dispatched one of his Servants who was then Governour to his Sons to some of
purpose sent a Letter to my Lord from Paris but my Lord was so far from selling that Horse that he was displeased to hear that any Price should be offer'd for him So great a Love hath my Lord for good Horses And certainly I have observed and do verily believe that some of them had also a particular Love to my Lord for they seemed to rejoice whensoever he came into the Stables by their trampling action and the noise they made nay they would go much better in the Mannage when my Lord was by then when he was absent and when he rid them himself they seemed to take much pleasure and pride in it But of all sorts of Horses my Lord loved Spanish Horses and Barbes best saying That Spanish Horses were like Princes and Barbes like Gentlemen in their kind And this was the chief Recreation and Pastime my Lord had in Antwerp I will now return to my former Discourse and the Relation of some Important Affairs and Actions which happen'd about this time His Majesty our now Gracious King Charles the Second some time after he was gone out of Holland and returned into France took his Journey from thence to Breda if I remember well to treat there with his Subjects of Scotland who had then made some offers of Agreement My Lord according to his duty went thither to wait on His Majesty and was there in Council with His Majesty His Highness the then Prince of Orange His Majesties Brother-in-law and some other Privy-Counsellors in which after several Debates concerning that Important Affair His Highness the Prince of Orange and my Lord agreed in one Opinion viz. That they could perceive no other and better way at that present for His Majesty but to make an Agreement with His Subjects of Scotland upon any Condition and to go into Scotland in Person Himself that he might but be sure of an Army there being no probability or appearance then of getting an Army any where else Which Counsel either out of the then alledged Reasons or some others best known to His Majesty was embraced His Majesty agreeing with the Scots so far notwithstanding they were so unreasonable in their Treaty that His Majesty had hardly Patience to hear them that he resolved to go into Scotland in Person and though my Lord had an earnest desire to wait on His Majesty thither yet the Scots would not suffer him to come or be in any part of that Kingdom Wherefore out of his Loyalty and Duty he gave His Majesty the best advice he could viz. that he conceived it most safe for His Majesty to adhere to the Earl of Argyle's Party which he supposed to be the strongest but especially to reconcile Hamilton's and Argyle's Party and compose the differences between them for then His Majesty would be sure of Two Parties whereas otherwise He would leave an Enemy behind Him which might cause His overthrow and endanger His Majesties Person and if His Majesty could but get the Power into his own hands he might do hereafter what he pleased His Majesty being arrived in Scotland ordered his affairs so wisely that soon after he got an Army to march with him into England but whether they were all Loyal is not for me to dispute However Argyle was discontented as it appear'd by two complaining Letters he sent to my Lord which my Lord gave His Majesty notice of so that onely the Duke of Hamilton went with His Majesty who fought and died like a Valiant Man and a Loyal subject In this fight between the English and Scots His Majesty expressed an extraordinary Courage and though his Army was in a manner destroyed yet the Glory of an Heroick Prince remained with our gracious Soveraign In the mean time whilest His Majesty was yet in Scotland and before he marched with His Army into England it happen'd that the Elector of Brandenburg and Duke of Newburg upon some differences having raised Forces against each other but afterwards concluded a Peace between them were pleased to profer those Forces to my Lord for His Majesties use and service which as the Lord Chancellour who was then in France sent word to my Lord was the onely Foreign profer that had been made to his Majesty My Lord immediately gave His Majesty notice of it but whether it was for want of convenient Transportation or Mony or that the Scots did not like the assistance that profer was not accepted Concerning the affairs and intrigues that pass'd in Scotland and England during the time of His Majesties stay there I am ignorant of them neither doth it belong to me now to write or give an account of any thing else but what concerns the History of my Noble Lord and Husbands Life and his own Actions who so soon as he had Intelligence that the Scottish Army which went with His Majesty into England was defeated and that no body knew what was become of His Majesty fell into so violent a Passion that I verily believed it would have endanger'd his life but when afterwards the happy news came of His Majejesties safe arrival in France never any Subject could rejoice more then my Lord did About this time it chanced that my Lords Brother Sir Charles Cavendish and my self took a journey into England occasioned both by my Lord 's extream want and necessity and his Bothers Estate which having been under Sequestration from the time or soon after he went out of England was then in case he did not return and compound for it to be sold out-right Sir Charles was unwilling to receive his Estate upon such conditions and would rather have lost it then compounded for it But my Lord considering it was better to recover something then lose all intreated the Lord Chancellour who was then in Antwerp to perswade his Brother to a composition which his Lordship did very effectually and proved himself a Noble and true Friend in it We had so small a Provision of money when we set forth our Journey for England that it was hardly able to carry us to London but were forced to stay at Southwark where Sir Charles sent into London for one that had formerly been his Steward and having declared to him his wants and necessities desir'd him to try his Credit He seemed ready to do his Master what service he could in that kind but pretending withall that his Credit was but small Sir Charles gave him his Watch to pawn and with that money paid those small scores we had made in our Lodging there From thence we went to some other Lodgings that were prepared for us in Covent-Garden and having rested our selves some time I desired my Brother the Lord Lucas to claim in my behalf some subsistance for my self out of my Lords Estate for it was declared by the Parliament That the Lands of those that were banished should be sold to any that would buy them onely their Wives and Children were allowed to put in their Claims But he received
this Answer That I could not expect the least allowance by reason my Lord and Husband had been the greatest Traitor of England that is to say the honestest man because he had been most against them Then Sir Charles intrusted some persons to compound for his Estate but it being a good while before they agreed in their Composition and then before the Rents could be received we having in the mean time nothing to live on must of necessity have been starved had not Sir Charles got some Credit of several Persons and that not without great difficulty for all those that had Estates were afraid to come near him much less to assist him until he was sure of his own Estate So much is Misery and Poverty shun'd But though our Condition was hard yet my dear Lord and Husband whom we left in Antwerp was then in a far greater distress then our selves for at our departure he had nothing but what his Credit was able to procure him and having run upon the score so long without paying any the least part thereof his Creditors began to grow impatient and resolved to trust him no longer Wherefore he sent me word That if his Brother did not presently relieve him he was forced to starve Which doleful news caused great sadness and melancholy in us both and withal made his Brother try his utmost endeavour to procure what moneys he could for his subsistance who at last got 200 l. sterl upon Credit which he immediately made over to my Lord. But in the mean time before the said money could come to his hands my Lord had been forced to send for all his Creditors and declare to them his great wants and necessities where his Speech was so effectual and made such an impression in them that they had all a deep sense of my Lords Misfortunes and instead of urging the payment of his Debts promised him That he should not want any thing in whatsoever they were able to assist him which they also very nobly and civilly performed furnishing him with all manner of provisions and necessaries for his further subsistance so that my Lord was then in a much better condition amongst strangers then we in our Native Countrey At last when Sir Charles Cavendish had compounded for his Estate and agreed to pay 4500 l. for it the Parliament caused it again to be surveyed and made him pay 500 l. more which was more then many others had paid for much greater Estates so that Sir Charles to pay this Composition and discharge some Debts was necessitated to sell some Land of his at an under-rate My Lords two Sons who were also in England at that time were no less in want and necessity then we having nothing but bare Credit to live on and my Lords Estate being then to be sold outright Sir Charles his Brother endeavoured if possible to save the two chief Houses viz. Welbeck and Bolsover being resolved rather to part with some more of his Land which he had lately compounded for then to let them fall into the Enemies hands but before such time as he could compass the money some body had bought Bolsover with an intention to pull it down and make money of the Materials of whom Sir Charles was forced to buy it again at a far greater Rate then he might have had it at first notwithstanding a great part of it was pulled down already and though my Lords eldest Son Charles Lord Mansfield had those mentioned Houses some time in possession after the death of his Uncle yet for want of Means he was not able to repair them I having now been in England a year and a half some Intelligence which I received of my Lords being not very well and the small hopes I had of getting some relief out of his Estate put me upon design of returning to Antwerp to my Lord and Sir Charles his Brother took the same resolution but was prevented by an Ague that seized upon him Not long had I been with my Lord but we received the sad news of his Brothers death which was an extream affliction both to my Lord and my self for they loved each other entirely In truth He was a Person of so great worth such extraordinary civility so obliging a Nature so full of Generosity Justice and Charity besides all manner of Learning especially in the Mathematicks that not onely his Friends but even his Enemies did much lament his loss After my return out of England to my Lord the Creditors supposing I had brought great store of money along with me came all to my Lord to solicite the payment of their Debts but when my Lord had informed them of the truth of the business and desired their patience somewhat longer with assurance that so soon as he received any money he would honestly and justly satisfie them they were not onely willing to forbear the payment of those Debts he had contracted hitherto but to credit him for the future and supply him with such Necessaries as he should desire of them And this was the onely happiness which my Lord had in his distressed condition and the chief blessing of the Eternal and Merciful God in whose Power are all things who ruled the hearts and minds of men and filled them with Charity and Compassion for certainly it was a work of Divine Providence that they shewed so much love respect and honour to my Lord a stranger to their Nation and notwithstanding his ruined Condition and the small appearance of recovering his own credited him wheresoever he lived both in France Holland Brabant and Germany that although my Lord was banished his Native Countrey and dispossessed from his own Estate could nevertheless live in so much Splendor and Grandure as he did In this Condition and how little soever the appearance was my Lord was never without hopes of seeing yet before his death a happy issue of all his misfortunes and sufferings especially of the Restauration of His most Gracious King and Master to His Throne and Kingly Rights whereof he always had assured Hopes well knowing that it was impossible for the Kingdom to subsist long under so many changes of Government and whensoever I expressed how little faith I had in it he would gently reprove me saying I believ'd least what I desir'd most and could never be happy if I endeavour'd to exclude all hopes and entertain'd nothing but doubts and fears The City of Antwerp in which we lived being a place of great resort for Strangers and Travellers His Majesty our now gracious King Charles the Second passed thorough it when he went his Journey towards Germany and after my Lord had done his humble duty and waited on His Majesty He was pleased to Honour him with His Presence at his House The same did almost all strangers that were Persons of Quality if they made any stay in the Town they would come and visit my Lord and see the Mannage of his Horses And amongst the rest
Majesty King CHARLEs the Second was pleased when my Lord was in banishment to make him Knight of the most Noble Order of the Garter And 12. After his Return into England Chief Justice in Eyre Trent-North 13. He created him Duke of Newcastle and Earl of Ogle 7. Of the Entertainments He made for King CHARLES the First THough my Lord hath alwayes been free and noble in his Entertainments and Feastings yet he was pleased to shew his great Affection and Duty to his Gracious King Charles the First and Her Majesty the Queen in some particular Entertainments which he made of purpose for them before the late Warrs When His Majesty was going into Scotland to be Crowned he took His way through Nottinghamshire and lying at Worksop-Mannor hardly two miles distant from Welbeck where my Lord then was my Lord invited His Majesty thither to a Dinner which he was graciously pleased to accept of This Entertainment cost my Lord between Four and Five thousand pounds which His Majesty liked so well that a year after His Return out of Scotland He was pleased to send my Lord word That Her Majesty the Queen was resolved to make a Progress into the Northern parts desiring him to prepare the like Entertainment for Her as he had formerly done for Him Which My Lord did and endeavour'd for it with all possible Care and Indudustry sparing nothing that might add splendor to that Feast which both Their Majesties were pleased to honour with their Presence Ben Iohnson he employed in fitting such Scenes and Speeches as he could best devise and sent for all the Gentry of the Country to come and wait on their Majesties and in short did all that ever he could imagine to render it Great and worthy Their Royal Acceptance This Entertainment he made at Bolsover-Castle in Derbyshire some five miles distant from Welbeck and resigned Welbeck for Their Majesties Lodging it cost him in all between Fourteen and Fifteen thousand pounds Besides these two there was another small Entertainment which my Lord prepared for His late Majesty in his own Park at Welbeck when His Majesty came down with his two Nephews the now Prince Elector Palatine and His Brother Prince Rupert into the Forrest of Sherwood which cost him Fifteen hundred pounds And this I mention not out of a vain-glory but to declare the great love and Duty my Lord had for His Gracious King and Queen and to correct the mistakes committed by some Historians who not being rightly informed of those Entertainments make the World believe Falshood for Truth But as I said they were made before the Warrs when my Lord had the possessiou of a great Estate and wanted nothing to express his Love and Duty to his Soveraign in that manner whereas now he should be much to seek to do the like his Estate being so much ruined by the late Civil Wars that neither himself nor his Posterity will be able so soon to recover it 8. His Education HIs Education was according to his Birth for as he was born a Gentleman so he was bred like a Gentleman To School-Learning he never shew'd a great inclination for though he was sent to the University and was a Student of St. Iohn's Colledg in Cambridg and had his Tutors to instruct him yet they could not perswade him to read or study much he taking more delight in sports then in learning so that his Father being a wise man and seeing that his Son had a good natural Wit and was of a very good Disposition suffer'd him to follow his own Genius whereas his other Son Charles in whom he found a greater love and inclination to Learning he encouraged as much that way as possibly he could One time it hapned that a young Gentleman one of my Lord's Relations had bought some Land at the same time when my Lord had bought a Singing-Boy for 50 l. a Horse for 50 l. and a Dog for 2 l. which humour his Father Sir Charles liked so well that he was pleased to say That if he should find his Son to be so covetous that he would buy Land before he was 20 years of Age he would disinherit him But above all the rest my Lord had a great inclination to the Art of Horsemanship and Weapons in which later his Father Sir Charles being a most ingenuous and unparallell'd Master of that Age was his onely Tutor and kept him also several Masters in the Art of Horsemanship and sent him to the Mewse to Mons. Antoine who was then accounted the best Master in that Art But my Lord's delight in those Heroick Exercises was such that he soon became Master thereof Himself which encreased much his Father's hopes of his future perfections who being himself a person of a Noble and Heroick nature was extreamly well pleased to observe his Son take delight in such Arts and Exercises as were proper and fit for a person of Quality 9. His Natural Wit and Vnderstanding ALthough my Lord has not so much of Scholarship and Learning as his Brother Sir Charles Cavendish had yet he hath an excellent Natural Wit and Judgment and dives into the bottom of every thing as it is evidently apparent in the forementioned Art of Horsemanship and Weapons which by his own ingenuity he has reformed and brought to such perfection as never any one has done heretofore And though he is no Mathematician by Art yet he hath a very good Mathematical brain to demonstrate Truth by natural reason and is both a good Natural and Moral Philosopher not by reading Philosophical Books but by his own Natural Understanding and Observation by which he hath found out many Truths To pass by several other instances I 'le but mention that when my Lord was at Paris in his Exile it happen'd one time that he discoursing with some of his Friends amongst whom was also that Learned Philosopher Hobbes they began amongst the rest to argue upon this subject namely Whether it mere possible to make Man by Art fly as Birds do and when some of the Company had delivered their Opinion viz. That they thought it probable to be done by the help of Artificial Wings My Lord declared that he deemed it altogether impossible and demonstrared it by this following Reason Man's Armes said he are not set on his shoulders in the same manner as Bird's wings are for that part of the Arm which joins to the Shoulder is in Man placed inward as towards the breast but in Birds outward as toward the back which difference and contrary position or shape hinders that man cannot have the same flying-action with his Armes as Birds have with their Wings Which Argument Mr. Hobbes liked so well that he was pleased to make use of it in one of his Books called Leviathan if I remember well Some other time they falling into a Discourse concerning Witches Mr. Hobbes said That though he could not rationally believe there were Witches yet he could not be fully satisfied
his Friends to try what means he could procure for his subsistance but though he used all the industry and endeavour he could yet he effected but little by reason every body was so affraid of the Parliament that they durst not relieve Him who was counted a Traitor for his Honest and Loyal service to his King and Country Not long after My Lord had profers made him of some Rich Matches in England for his two Sons whom therefore he sent thither with one Mr. Loving hoping by that means to provide both for them and himself but they being arrived there out of some reasons best known to them declared their unwillingness to Marry as yet continuing nevertheless in England and living as well as they could Some two years after my Lord's Marriage when he had prevailed so far with his Creditors that they began to trust him anew the first thing he did was that he removed out of those Lodgings in Paris where he had been necessitated to live hitherto to a House which he hired for himself and his Family and furnished it as well as his new gotten Credit would permit and withal resolving for his own recreation and divertisement in his banished condition to exercise the Art of Mannage which he is a great lover and Master of bought a Barbary-horse for that purpose which cost him 200 Pistols and soon after another Barbary-horse from the Lord Crofts for which he was to pay him 100 l. when he returned into England About this time there was a Council call'd at St. Germain in which were present besides My Lord Her Majesty the now Queen Mother of England His Highness the Prince our now gracious King His Cousin Prince Rupert the Marquess of Worcester the then Marquess now Duke of Ormond the Lord Iermyn now Earl of St. Albans and several others where after several debates concerning the then present condition of His Majesty King Charles the First my Lord delivered his sentiment that he could perceive no other probability of procuring Forces for His Majesty but an assistance of the Scots But Her Majesty was pleased to answer my Lord That he was too quick Not long after When my Lord had begun to settle himsef in his mentioned new house His gracious Master the Prince having taken a resolution to go into Holland upon some designs Her Majesty the Queen Mother desired my Lord to follow him promising to engage for his debts which hitherto he had contracted at Paris and commanding Her Controller and Treasurer to be bound for them in Her behalf which they did although the Creditors would not content themselves until my Lord had joined his word to theirs So great and generous was the bounty and favour of Her Majesty to my Lord considering she had already given him heretofore near upon 2000 l. Sterling even at that time when Her Majesty stood most in need of it My Lord after his Highness the Prince was gone being ready to execute Her Majesties Commands in following Him and preparing for his Journey wanted the chief thing which was Money and having much endeavoured for it at last had the good Fortune to obtain upon Credit three or four hundred pounds sterl With which Sum he set out of Paris in the same Equipage he entred viz. One Coach which he had newly caused to be made wherein were the Lord Widdrington my Lord's Brother Sir Charles Cavendish Mr. Loving my Waiting-Maid and some others whereof the two later were then returned out of England one little Chariot that would onely hold my Lord and my self and three Waggons besides an indifferent number of Servants on Horse-back That day when we left Paris the Creditors coming to take their Farwell of my Lord expressed so great a love and kindness for him accompanied vvith so many hearty Prayers and Wishes that he could not but prosper on his Journey Being come into the King of Spain's Dominions my Lord found a very Noble Reception At Cambray the Governour vvas so civil that my Lord coming to that place somevvhat late and vvhen it vvas dark he commanded some Lights and Torches to meet my Lord and conduct him to his Lodgings He offer'd my Lord the Keys of the City and desir'd him to give the Word that night and moreover invited him to an Entertainment which he had made for him of purpose but it being late my Lord tyred with his Journey excused himself as civilly as he could the Governour notwithstanding being pleased to send all manner of Provisions to my Lords Lodgings and charging our Landlord to take no pay for any thing we had Which extraordinary Civilities shewed that he was a Right Noble Spaniard The next morning early my Lord went on his Journey and was very civilly used in every place of His Majesty of Spain's Dominions where he arrived At last coming to Antwerp He took water to Rotterdam which Town he chose for his residing place during the time of his stay in Holland and sent thither to a Friend of his a Gentleman of Quality to provide him some Lodgings which he did and procured them at the house of one Mrs. Banaum Widow to an English Merchant who had always been very Loyal to His Majesty the King of England and serviceable to His Majesties faithful Subjects in whatsoever lay in his Power My Lord being come to Rotterdam was informed that His Highness the Prince now our Gracious King was gone to Sea Wherefore he resolved to follow him and for that purpose hired a Boat and victual'd it but since no body knew whither His Highness was gone and I being unwilling that my Lord should venture upon so uncertain a Voyage and as the Proverb is Seek a Needle in a Bottle of Hay he desisted from that design The Lord Widdrington nevertheless and Sir Will. Throckmorton being resolved to find out the Prince but having by a storm been driven towards the Coast of Scotland and endangered their lives they returned without obtaining their aim After some little time my Lord having notice that the Prince was arrived at the Hague he went to wait on His Highness which he also did afterwards at several times so long as His Highness continued there expecting some opportunity where he might be able to shew his readiness to serve His King and Countrey as certainly there was no little hopes for it for first it was believed that the English Fleet would come and render it self into the obedience of the Prince next it was reported that the Duke of Hamilton was going out of Scotland with a great Army into England to the assistance of His Majesty and that His Majesty had then some party at Colchester but it pleased God that none of these proved effectual For the Fleet did not come in the Duke of Hamilton's Army was destroyed and Colchester was taken by the Enemy where my dear Brother Sir Charles Lucas and his dear Friend Sir George Lile were most inhumanly murther'd and shot to death they
what was required for my transporting into England besides the debts formerly contracted the said money fell too short by 400 l. and although I could have upon my own word taken up much more yet I was unwilling to leave an engagement amongst strangers Wherefore I sent for one Mr. Shaw now Sir Iohn Shaw a near kindsman to the said Mr. Ash intreating him to lend me 400 l. which he did most readily and so discharged my debts My departure being now divulged in Antwerp the Magistrates of the City came to take their leaves of me where I desired one Mr. Duart a very worthy Gentleman and one of the chief of the City though he derives his Race from the Portuguez to whom and his Sisters all very skilful in the Art of Musick though for their own pastime and Recreation both my Lord and my self were much bound for their great civilities to be my Interpreter They were pleased to express that they were sorry for our departure out of their City but withal rejoyced at our happy returning into our Native Country and wished me soon and well to the place where I most desired to be Whereupon I having excused my Lord's hasty going away without taking his leave of them returned them mine and my Lord 's hearty Thanks for their great civilities declaring how sorry I was that it lay not in my power to make an acknowledgment answerable to them But after their departure from me they were pleased to send their Under-Officers as the custom there is with a Present of Wine which I received with all respect and thankfulness I being thus prepar'd for my Voyage went with my Servants to Flussing and finding no English Man of War there being loth to trust my self with a less Vessel was at last informed that a Dutch man of War lay there ready to Convoy some Merchants I forthwith sent for the Captain thereof whose name was Bankert and asked him whether it was possible to obtain the favour of having the use of his Ship to transport me into England To vvhich he ansvvered That he question'd not but I might for the Merchants which he was to convey were not ready yet desiring me to send one of my servants to the State to request that favour of them with whom he would go himself and assist him the best he could which he also did My suit being granted my self and my chief servants embarqued in the said Ship the rest together with the Goods being conveyed in another good strong Vessel hired for that purpose After I was safely arrived at London I found my Lord in Lodgings I cannot call them unhandsome but yet they were not fit for a Person of his Rank and Quality nor of the capacity to contain all his Family Neither did I find my Lord's Condition such as I expected Wherefore out of some passion I desir'd him to leave the Town and retire into the Countrey but my Lord gently reproved me for my rashness and impatience and soon after removed into Dorset-house which though it was better then the former yet not altogether to my satisfaction we having but a part of the said House in possession By this removal I judged my Lord would not hastily depart from London but not long after he was pleased to tell me That he had dispatched his business and was now resolved to remove into the Country having already given order for Waggons to transport our goods which was no unpleasant news to me who had a great desire for a Countrey-life My Lord before he began his Journey went to his Gracious Soveraign and begg'd leave that he might retire into the Countrey to reduce and settle if possible his confused entangled and almost ruined Estate Sir said he to His Majesty I am not ignorant that many believe I am discontented and 't is probable they 'l say I retire through discontent But I take God to witness That I am in no kind or ways displeas'd for I am so joyed at your Majesties happy Restauration that I cannot be sad or troubled for any Concern to my own particular but whatsoever Your Majesty is pleased to command me were it to sacrifice my Life I shall most obediently perform it for I have no other Will but Your Majesties Pleasure Thus he kissed His Majesty's hand and went the next day into Nottingham-shire to his Mannor-house call'd Welbeck but when he came there and began to examine his Estate and how it had been ordered in the time of his Banishment he knew not whether he had left ' any thing of it for himself or not till by his prudence and wisdom he inform'd himself the best he could examining those that had most knowledg therein Some Lands he found could be recover'd no further then for his life and some not at all Some had been in the Rebels hands which he could not recover but by His Highness the Duke of York's favour to whom His Majesty had given all the Estates of those that were condemned and executed for murdering his Royal Father of blessed memory which by the Law were forfeited to His Majesty whereof His Highness graciously restor'd my Lord so much of the Land that formerly had been his as amounted to 730 l. a year And though my Lord's Children had their Claims granted and bought out the Life of my Lord their Father which came near upon the third part yet my Lord received nothing for himself out of his own Estate for the space of eighteen years viz. During the time from the first entring into Warr which was Iune 11. 1642 till his return out of Banishment May 28. 1660 for though his Son Henry now Earl of Ogle and his eldest Daughter the now Lady Cheiny did all what lay in their power to relieve my Lord their Father and sent him some supplies of moneys at several times when he was in banishment yet that was of their own rather then out of my Lord's Estate for the Lady Chieny sold some few Jewels which my Lord her Father had left her and some Chamber-Plate which she had from her Grandmother and sent over the money to my Lord besides 1000 l. of her Portion And the now Earl of Ogle did at several times supply my Lord his Father with such moneys as he had partly obtained upon Credit and partly made by his Marriage After my Lord had begun to view those Ruines that were nearest and tried the Law to keep or recover what formerly was his which certainly shew'd no favour to him besides that the Act of Oblivion proved a great hinderance and obstruction to those his designs as it did no less to all the Royal Party and had setled so much of his Estate as possibly he could he cast up the Summ of his Debts and set out several parts of Land sor the payment of them or of some of them for some of his Lands could not be easily sold being entailed and some he sold in Derbyshire to buy the Castle
of Nottingham which although it is quite ruined and demolisht yet it being a seat which had pleased his Father very much he would not leave it since it was offer'd to be sold. His two Houses Welbeck and Bolsover he found much out of repair and this later half pull'd down no furniture or any necessary Goods were left in them but some few Hangings and Pictures which had been saved by the care and industry of his Eldest Daughter the Lady Cheiny and were bought over again after the death of his eldest Son Charles Lord Mansfield for they being given to him and he leaving some debts to be paid after his death My Lord sent to his other Son Henry now Earl of Ogle to endeavour for so much Credit that the said Hangings and Pictures which my Lord esteemed very much the Pictures being drawn by Van Dyke might be saved which he also did and My Lord hath paid the debt since his return Of eight Parks which my Lord had before the Wars there was but one left that was not quite destroyed Welbeck-Park of about four miles compass for my Lord's Brother Sir Charles Cavendish who bought out the life of my Lord in that Lordship saved most part of it from being cut down and in Blore-Park there were some few Deer left The rest of the Parks were totally defaced and destroyed both Wood Pales and Deer amongst which was also Clipston-Park of seven miles compass wherein my Lord had taken much delight formerly it being rich of Wood and containing the greatest and tallest Timber-trees of all the Woods he had in so much that onely the Pale-row was valued at 2000 l. It was water'd by a pleasant River that runs through it full of Fish and Otters was well stock'd with Deer full of Hares and had great store of Partriges Poots Pheasants c besides all sorts of Water-fowl so that this Park afforded all manner of sports for Hunting Hawking Coursing Fishing c. for which my Lord esteemed it very much And although his Patience and Wisdom is such that I never perceived him sad or discontented for his own Losses and Misfortunes yet when he beheld the ruines of that Park I observed him troubled though he did little express it onely saying he had been in hopes it would not have been so much defaced as he found it there being not one Timber-tree in it left for shelter However he patiently bore what could not be helped and gave present order for the cutting down of some Wood that was left him in a place near adjoining to repale it and got from several Friends Deer to stock it Thus though his Law-suits and other unavoidable expences were very chargeable to him yet he order'd his affairs so prudently that by degrees he stock'd and manur'd those Lands he keeps for his own use and in part repaired his Mannor-houses Welbeck and Bolsover to which later he made some additional building and though he has not yet built the Seat at Nottingham yet he hath stock'd and paled a little Park belonging to it Nor is it possible for him to repair all the ruines of the Estate that is left him in so short a time they being so great and his losses so considerable that I cannot without grief and trouble remember them for before the Wars my Lord had as great an Estate as any subject in the Kingdom descended upon him most by Women viz. by his Grandmother of his Father's side his own Mother and his first Wife What Estate his Grandfather left to his Father Sir Charles Cavendish I know not nor can I exactly tell what he had from his Grandmother but she was very rich for her third Husband Sir Will. Saint Loo gave her a good Estate in the West which afterwards descended upon my Lord my Lord's Mother being the younger daughter of the Lord Ogle and sole Heir after the death of her eldest Sister Iane Countess of Shrewsbury whom King Charles the First restored to her Fathers Dignity viz. Baroness of Ogle This Title descended upon my Lord and his Heirs General together with 3000 l. a year in Northumberland and besides the Estate left to my Lord she gave him 20000 l. in Money and kept him and his Family at her own charge for several years My Lord's first Wife who was Daughter and Heir to William Basset of Blore Esq Widow to Henry Howard younger Son to Thomas Earl of Suffolk brought my Lord 2400 l. a Year Inheritance between six and seven thousand Pounds in Money and a jointure for her life of 800 l. a Year Besides my Lord increased his own Estate before the Wars to the value of 100000 l. and had increased it more had not the unhappy Wars prevented him for though he had some disadvantages in his Estate even before the Wars yet they are not considerable to those he suffered afterwards for the service of his King and Country For example His Father Sir Charles Cavendish had lent his Brother in Law Gilbert Earl of Shrewsbury 16000 l. for which although afterward before his death he setled 2000 l. a year upon him yet he having injoyed the said Money for many years without paying any use for it it might have been improved to my Lord 's better advantage had it been in his Fathers own hands he being a Person of great prudence in managing his Estate and though the said Earl of Shrewsbury made my Lord his Executor yet my Lord was so far from making any advantage by that Trust even in what the Law allowed him that he lost 17000 l. by it and afterwards delivered up his Trust to William Earl of Pembrook and Thomas Earl of Arundel who both married two Daughters of the said Earl of Shrewsbury And since his return into England upon the desire of Henry Howard Second Son to the late Earl of Arundel and Heir apparent by reason of his Eldest Brother's Distemper he resigned his Trust and Interest to him which certainly is a very difficult business and yet questionable whether it may lawfully be done or not But such was my Lord's Love to the Family of the Shrewsburies that he would rather wrong himself then it To mention some lawful advantages which my Lord might have made by the said Trust it may be noted in the first place That the Earl of Shrewsbury's Estate was Let in long Leases which by the Law fell to the Executor Next that after some Debts and Legacies were paid out of those Lands which were set out for that purpose they were setled so that they fell to my Lord. Thirdly Seven hundred pounds a year was left as a Gift to my Lord's Brother Sir Charles Cavendish in case the Countess of Kent Second Daughter to the said Earl of Shrewsbury had no Children But my Lord never made any advantage for himself of all these neither was he inquisitive whether the said Countess of Kent cut off the Entail of that Land although she never had a Child for my Lord's
sound but came quietly and silently into the City of York for which he would certainly have been blamed by those that make a great noise upon small causes and love to be applauded though their actions little deserve it His noble Bounty and Generosity is so manifest to all the World that I should light a Candle to the Sun if I should strive to illustrate it for he has no self-designs or self-interest but will rather wrong and injure himself then others To give you but one proof of this noble Vertue it is known that where he hath a legal right to Felons Goods as he hath in a great part of his Estate yet he never took or exacted more then some inconsiderable share for acknowledgment of his Right saying That he was resolved never to grow rich by other mens misfortunes In short I know him not addicted to any manner of Vice except that he has been a great lover and admirer of the Female Sex which whether it be so great a crime as to condemn him for it I 'le leave to the judgment of young Gallants and beautiful Ladies 11. Of His outward Shape and Behaviour HIs Shape is neat and exactly proportioned his Stature of a middle size and his Complexion sanguine His Behaviour is such that it might be a Pattern for all Gentlemen for it is Courtly Civil easie and free without Formality or Constraint and yet hath something in it of grandure that causes an awful respect towards him 12. Of His Discourse HIs Discourse is as free and unconcerned as his Behaviour Pleasant Witty and Instructive He is quick in Reparties or sudden answers and hates dubious disputes and premeditated Speeches He loves also to intermingle his Discourse with some short pleasant stories and witty sayings and always names the Author from whom he hath them for he hates to make another man's Wit his own 13. Of His HABIT HE accouters his Person according to the Fashion if it be one that is not troublesome and uneasie for men of Heroick Exercises and Actions He is neat and cleanly which makes him to be somewhat long in dressing though not so long as many effeminate persons are He shifts ordinarily once a day and every time when he uses Exercise or his temper is more hot then ordinary 14. Of His DIET IN his Diet he is so sparing and temperate that he never eats nor drinks beyond his set proportion so as to satisfie onely his natural appetite He makes but one Meal a day at which he drinks two good Glasses of Small-Beer one about the beginning the other at the end thereof and a little Glass of Sack in the middle of his Dinner which Glass of Sack he also uses in the morning for his Breakfast with a Morsel of Bread His Supper consists of an Egg and a draught of Small-beer And by this Temperance he finds himself very healthful and may yet live many years he being now of the Age of Seventy three which I pray God from my soul to grant him 15. His Recreation and Exercise HIS prime Pastime and Recreation hath always been the Exercise of Mannage and Weapons which Heroick Arts he used to practise every day but I observing that when he had over-heated himself he would be apt to take cold prevail'd so far that at last he left the frequent use of the Mannage using nevertheless still the Exercise of Weapons and though he doth not ride himself so frequently as he hath done yet he takes delight in seeing his Horses of Mannage rid by his Escuyers whom he instructs in that Art for his own pleasure But in the Art of Weapons in which he has a method beyond all that ever were famous in it found out by his own Ingenuity and Practice he never taught any body but the now Duke of Buckingham whose Guardian He hath been and his own two Sons The rest of his time he spends in Musick Poetry Architecture and the like 16. Of His Pedigree HAving made promise in the beginning of the first Book that I would join a more large Description of the Pedigree of my Noble Lord and Husband to the end of the History of his life I shall now discharge my self and though I could derive it from a longer time and reckon up a great many of his Ancestors even from the time of William the Conqueror He being descended from the most ancient family of the Gernouns as Cambden relates in his Britannia in the Description of Derbyshire yet it being a work fitter for Heralds I shall proceed no further then his Grandfather and shew you onely those noble Families which my Lord is allied to by his Birth My Lord's Grandfather by his Father as is formerly mentioned was Sir William Cavendish Privy-Counsellor and Treasurer of the Chamber to King Henry the Eighth Edward the Sixth and Queen Mary who married two Wives by the first he had onely two Daughters but by the second Elizabeth who was my Lords Grandmother he had three Sons and four Daughters whereof one Daughter died young She was Daughter to Iohn Hardwick of Hardwick in the County of Derby Esq and had four Husbands The first was Barlow Esq who died before they were bedded together they being both very young The second was Sir William Cavendish my Lord's Grandfather who being somewhat in years married her chiefly for her beauty she had so much power in his affection that she perswaded him to sell his Estate which he had in the Southern parts of England for he was very rich and buy an Estate in the Northern parts viz. in Derbyshire and thereabout where her own friends and kindred liv'd which he did and having there setled himself upon her further perswasion built a Mannor-house in the same County call'd Chattesworth which as I have heard cost first and last above 80000 l. sterling But before this House was finish'd he died and left six Children viz. three Sons and three Daughters which before they came to be marriageable she married a third Husband Sir William St Loo Captain of the Guard to Queen Elizabeth and Grand Butler of England who dying without Issue she married a fourth Husband George Earl of Shrewsbury by whom she left no Issue The Children which she had by her second Husband Sir William Cavendish being grown marriageable the eldest Son Henry married Grace the youngest Daughter of his Father in Law the said George Earl of Shrewsbury which he had by his former Wife Gertrude Daughter of Thomas Manners Earl of Rutland but died without Issue The second Son William after Earl of Devonshire had two Wives the first was an Heiress by whom he had Children but all died save one Son whose name was also William Earl of Devonshire His second Wife was Widdow to Sir Edward Wortly who had several Children by her first Husband and but one Son by the said Will. Cavendish after Earl of Devonshire who dyed young His Son by his first Wife William Earl of Devonshire
married Christian Daughter of Edward Lord Bruce a Scots-man by whom he had two Sons and one Daughter the Eldest Son William now Earl of Devonshire married Elizabeth the second Daughter of William Earl of Salisbury by whom he has three children viz. Two Sons and one Daughter whereof the Eldest Son William is married to the second Daughter of Iames now Duke of Ormond the second Son Charles is yet a youth The Daughter Anne married the Lord Rich the onely Son and Child to Charles now Earl of Warwick but he dyed without Issue The second Son of William Earl of Devonshire and Brother to the now Earl of Devonshire was unfortunately slain in the late Civil Warrs as is before mentioned The Daughter of the said William Earl of D evonshire Sister to the now Earl of D evonshire married Robert Lord Rich Eldest Son to Robert Earl of Warwick by whom she had but one Son who married but dyed without Issue The third and youngest Son of Sir William Cavendish Charles Cavendish my Lord's Father had two Wives the first was Daughter and Coheir to Sir Thomas Kidson who dyed a year after her Marriage without issue The second was the younger Daughter of Cuthbert Lord Ogle and after her Elder and onely Sister Iane Wife to Edward Earl of Shrewsbury who dyed without Issue became Heir to her Father's Estate and Title by whom he had three Sons whereof the eldest dyed in his Infancy the second was William my dear Lord and Husband the third Charles who dyed a Batchelour about the age of Sixty three My Lord hath had two Wives the first was Elizabeth Daughter and Heir to William Basset of Bloore in the County of Stafford Esq and Widow to Henry Howard younger Son to Thomas Earl of Suffolk by whom he had ten Children viz. Five Sons and five Daughters whereof five viz. three Sons and two Daughters dyed young the rest viz. Two Sons and three Daughters came to be married His Elder Son Charles Viscount of Mansfield married the Eldest Daughter and Heir of Mr. Richard Rogers by whom he had but one Daughter who dyed soon after her birth and he dyed also without any other Issue His second Son Henry now Earl of Ogle married Francis the eldest Daughter of Mr. William Pierrepont by whom he hath had three Sons and four Daughters two Sons were born before their narural time the third Henry Lord Mansfield is alive The four Daughters are the Lady Elizabeth Lady Frances Lady Margaret and Lady Catharine My Lords three Daughters were thus married The eldest Lady Iane married Charles Cheiney Esq descended of a very noble and ancient Family by whom she hath one Son and two Daughters The second Lady Elizabeth married Iohn now Earl of Bridgwater then Lord Brackly and eldest Son to Iohn then Earl of Bridgwater who died in Childbed and left five Sons and one Daughter whereof the eldest Son Iohn Lord Brackly married the Lady Elizabeth onely Daughter and Child to Iames then Earl of Middlesex My Lords third Daughter the Lady Frances married Oliver Earl of Bullingbrook and hath had no Child yet After the death of my Lords first Wife who died the 17 th of April in the Year 1643 he married me Margaret Daughter to Thomas Lucas of St. Iohns near Colchester in Essex Esquire but hath no Issue by me And this is the Posterity of the three Sons of Sir William Cavendish my Lords Grandfather by his Fathers side The three Daughters were disposed of as followeth The eldest Frances Cavendish married Sir Henry Pierrepont of Holm Pierrepont in the County of Nottingham by whom she had two Sons whereof the first died young The second Robert after Earl of Kingston upon Hull married Gertrude the eldest Daughter and Co-heir to Henry Talbot fourth Son to George Earl of Shrewsbury by whom he had five Sons and three Daughters whereof the eldest Son Henry now Marquess of Dorchester hath had two Wives the first Cecilia Eldest Daughter to the Lord Viscount Bayning by whom he had several Children of which there are living onely two Daughters the eldest Anne who married Iohn Rosse onely Son to Iohn now Earl of Rutland the second Grace who is unmarried His second Wife was Catharine second Daughter to Iames Earl of Derby by whom he has no Issue living The second Son of the Earl of Kingston William married the sole Daughter and Heir of Sir Thomas Harries by whom he had Issue five Sons and five Daughters whereof two Sons and two Daugters died unmarried The other six are Robert the Eldest who married Elizabeth Daughter and Co-heir to Sir Iohn Evelyne by whom he has three Sons and one Daughter The second Son George and the third Gervas are yet unmarried The eldest Daughter of William Pierrepont Frances is married to my Lords now onely Son and Heir Henry Earl of Ogle as before is mentioned The second Grace is married to Gilbert now Earl of Clare by whom he hath Issue Two sons and three daughters The third Gertrude is unmarried The third son of the Earl of Kingston Francis Pierrepont married Elizabeth the eldest daughter of Mr. Bray by whom he had Issue one son and one daughter the son Robert married Anne the daughter of Henry Murray The daughter Frances married William Pagatt eldest son to William Lord Pagatt The fourth son of the Earl of Kingston Gervase is unmarried The fifth son George Pierrepont married the daughter of Mr. Ionas by whom he had two sons unmarried Henry and Samuel The three daughters of the said Earl of Kingston are Frances the eldest who was married to Philip Rowleston the second Mary dyed young the third Elizabeth is unmarried The second daughter of Sir William Cavendish Elizabeth married the Earl of Lennox Unkle to King Iames by whom she had onely one daughter the Lady Arabella who against King Iame's Commands she being after Him and His Children the next Heir to the Crown married William the second son to the Earl of Hereford for which she was put into the Tower where not long after she dyed The youngest daughter Mary Cavendish married Glbert Talbot second son to George Earl of Shrewsbury who after the decease of his Father and his elder Brother Francis who dyed without Issue became Earl of Shrewsbury by whom she had Issue four sons and three daughters the sons all dyed in their Infancy but the daughters were married The eldest Mary Talbot married William Herbert Earl of Pembroke by whom some eighteen years after her Marriage she had one son who dyed young The second daughter Elizabeth married Sir H enry G ray after Earl of Kent the fourth Earl of England by whom she had no Issue The third and youngest daughter Aletheia married Thomas Howard Earl of Arundel the first Earl and Earl-Marshal of England by whom she left two sons Iames who died beyond the seas without Issue and H enry who married Elizabeth daughter of Esme Stuart Duke of Lennox by whom he had Issue several sons
obstructions and hinderances yet as he undertook it chearfully and out of pure Loyalty and Obedience to His Majesty so he ordered it so wisely that so long as he acted by his own Counsels and was personally present at the execution of his Designs he was always prosperous in his Success And although he had so great an Army as aforementioned yet by his wise and prudent Conduct there appear'd no visible sign of devastation in any of the Countreys where he marched for first he setled a constant Rule for the Regular levy of money for the convenient Maintenance of the Soldiery Next he constituted such Officers of his Army that most of them were known to be Gentlemen of large and fair Estates which drew a good part of their private Revenues to serve and support them in their publick Employments wherein my Lord did lead them the way by his own good Example To which may be added his wisdom in ordering the Government of the Church for the advancement of the Orthodox Religion and suppression of Factions as also in Coyning Printing Knighting and the like which he used with great discretion and prudence onely for the Interest of His Majesty and the benefit of the Kingdom as formerly has been mentioned The Prudent mannage of his private and domestick affairs appears sufficiently 1. In his Marriage 2. In the ordering and increasing his Estate before the Wars which notwithstanding his Noble House-keeping and Hospitality and his Generous Bounty and Charity he increased to the value of 100000 l. 3. In the ordering his Affairs in the time of Banishment where although he received not the least of his own estate during all the time of his exile until his return yet maintained himself handsomely and nobly according to his Quality as much as his Condition at that time would permit 4. In reducing his torn and ruined Estate after his return which beyond all probability himself hath setled and order'd so that his Posterity will have reason gratefully to remember it In short Although my Lord naturally loves not business especially those of State though he understands them as well as any body yet what business or affairs he cannot avoid none will do them better then himself His private affairs he orders without any noise or trouble not over-hastily but wisely Neither is he passionate in acting of business but hears patiently and orders soberly and pierces into the heart or bottom of a business at the first encounter but before all things he considers well before he undertakes a business whether he be able to go through it or no for he never ventures upon either publick or private business beyond his strength And here I cannot forbear to mention that my Noble Lord when he was in banishment presumed out of his Duty and Love to his Gracious Master our now Soveraign King Charles the Second to write and send him a little Book or rather a Letter wherein he delivered his Opinion concerning the Government of his Dominions whensoever God should be pleased to restore him to his Throne together with some other Notes and Observations of Foreign States and Kingdoms but it being a private offer to His sacred Majesty I dare not presume to publish it 5. Of His Blessings ALthough my Lord hath been one of the most Unfortunate Persons of his Rank and Quality which this later age did produce yet Heaven hath been so propitious to him that it bestowed some blessings upon him even in the midst of his Misfortunes and supported him against Fortunes Malice which otherwise as it seems had designed his total ruine and destruction Of these Blessings I may name in the first place 1. The Royal Favours of His Gracious Soveraign's and the good esteem they had of his Fidelity and Loyalty which as it was the chief of his endeavours so he esteemed it above all the rest To repeat them particularly would be too tedious and they are sufficiently apparent out of the precedent History onely this I may add that King Charles the First out of a singular Favour to my Lord was pleased upon his most humble request to create several Noble-men the Names of them left I commit an offence I shall not mention by reason most men usually pretend such claimes upon the Ground of their own Merit 2. That God was pleased to bless him with Wealth and Power to enable him the better for the service of his King and Country 3. That he made him happy in his Marriage for his first Wife was a very kind loving and Virtuous Lady and bless'd him with Dutiful and Obedient Children free from Vices Noble and Generous both in ther Natures and Actions who did all that lay in their power to support and relieve my Lord their Father in his Banishment as before is mentioned 4. The Kindness and Civility which my Lord received from Strangers and the Inhabitants of those places where he lived during the time of his Banishment for had it not been for them he would have perished in his extream wants but it pleased God so to provide for him that although he wanted an Estate yet he wanted not Credit and although he was banished and forsaken by his own Friends and Country-men yet he was civilly received and relieved by strangers until God bless'd him Lastly With a happy return to his Native Country his dear Children and his own Estate which although he found much ruined and broke yet by his Prudence and Wisdom hath order'd as well as he could and I hope and pray God to add this blessing to all the rest That he may live long to encrease it for the benefit of his Posterity 6. Of his Honours and Dignities THe Honours Titles and Dignities which were conferr'd upon my Lord by King Iames King Charles the First and King Charles the Second partly as an encouragement for future Service and a Reward for past are following 1. He was made Knight of the Bath when he was but 15 or 16 years of Age at the Creation of Henry Prince of Wales King Iames's Eldest Son 2. King Iames Created him Viscount Mansfield and Baron of Bolsover 3. King Charles the First constituted him Lord Lieutenant of Nottinghamshire and 4. Lord Warden of the Forrest of Sherwood as also 5. Lord Lieutenant of Derby-shire 6. He chose him Governour to His Son Charles our now gracious King and 7. Made him one of his Honourable Privy Council 8. He constituted him Governour of the Town and County of Newcastle and General of all His Majesties Forces raised and to be raised in the Northern parts of England as also of the several Counties of Nottingham Lincoln Rutland Derby Stafford Leicester Warwick Northampton Huntington Cambridg Norfolk Sussex Essex and Hereford together with all the Appurtenances belonging to so great a Power as is formerly declared 9. He conferr'd upon him the Honour and Title of Earl of Newcastle and Baron of Bothal and Hepple 10. He created him Marquess of Newcastle 11. His