must be called in England and Ireland and that in the mean time for the speedy raising of money the Nobility Gentry and Clergy should subscribe what sums of money they would advance to this service for the present occasion till the King could be otherwise helped by Subsidies To this purpose the Earl of Strafford first subscribed twenty thousand pounds the like did the Duke of Richmond and the Nobility according to the several values of their Estates The Clergy granted four shillings in the pound in their Convocation which presently followed to be paid for six years together only the City of London were refractory and could not be induced to lend one farthing to the carrying on of that War By these Loans however of the Kings Loyally affected Subjects he was again in a formidable posture and the Earl of Strafford besides his own personal disbursments had procured four Subsidies to maintain ten thousand foot and fifteen hundred Horse from the Parliament of Ireland he had newly called for which he was honourably brought into the House of Peers in the Parliament of England whither by his Majesties call from his Lieutenantship of Ireland he was then arrived to assist the King with his prudent Counsels Sir Thomas Coventry Lord Keeper of the Great Seal dieth the tenth of Ianuary after he had for fifteen years behaved himself in that place like a wise and honest man Sir Iohn Finch Chief Justice of the Common Pleas succeeds him of whom more anon Anno. Dom. 1640. THe 13th of April this year being the 16th of the Kings Reign a Parliament was summoned at Westminster at the opening whereof the King acquainted them with the affronts and indignities he had received from his Scotch Subjects whom he spared not to call Rebels which was somewhat resented by the Members of the House of Commons who out of dislike of Episcopacie here did not much favour that War against them which by a nick-name was then called Bellum Episcopale Therefore upon the Kings desires to them for a supply of money by which he might be enabled to reduce the Scots they presently started their old grievances which caused a debate whether the King or the Subjects should be relieved first for so they made the Scotch War the Kings personal and distinct business This alteration and the apparent unwillingness of the House of Commons to advance any mony except their previous desires viz. of clearing the properties of the Subject and the establishing of the true Religion and Priviledges of Parliament were confirmed and granted by the King reduced his Majesty to a present necessity and dilemma either of complying with the Scots or to take mony as he could raise it by his own credit and Authority to subdue them for there was no hopes in the Parliaments delays And this was the true Reason of the dissolving that Parliament which happened May the 5th to the great grief of all good people who were sensible of the Kings difficulties and the approaching evils The Convocation of the Clergy sate at the same time and were continued beyond the Parliaments dissolution though contrary to practice and custom where as before is said they contributed and confirmed the Grant of the fifth part of their Ecclesiastical Livings for six years towards the carrying on of the War against the Scots I may not omit the concession of the King in this affair to the Parliament wherein he offered upon the granting of him some Subsidies to remit and acquit his claim of Ship-mony and other advantages of his Prerogative At this Convocation some new Canons were made with Salvoes and dispensations for some which had been strictly heretofore enjoyned but especially and mainly for Episcopacie and the Doctrine of the Church of England in opposition to Popery was hereby established by the Oath of c. As likewise in opposition to the Scotch Covenant This Convocation ended May 29. none dissenting but Dr. Goodman Bishop of Glocester who since died a Roman Catholique and owned that faith As a testimony of the sincerity of the Arch-bishop of Canterbury in the Protestant Religion I shall here insert therefore a passage relating to these Canons Upon the Bishop of Glocester's refusal thereof the Arch-Bishop would have proceeded to the Censures of the Church immediately and therefore gave him according to the Canons three admonitions one upon the neck of another that he should forthwith subscribe and if he had not been whispered that so weighty a matter required deliberation and distance of time he would there have suspended him from his Dignities and Office This Noble Prelate for these and the like vigorous actings both in Church and State fell into the obloquy of the male contents the Chief of whom were the Nonconformists then called Puritans who abounded in London the most whereof upon a distaste taken from the censure of Mr. Pryn Dr. Bastwick and Mr. Burton did mightily maligne him so that on the ninth of May a Paper was posted upon the Exchange animating Apprentices to rise and sack his house at Lambeth next Monday which they were the more forward to do because it was rumoured that he was the first instigator of the King to dissolve the last Parliament But he had intelligence of their designes and provided to receive them According to their appointed time in the dead of the night they came to the number of five hundred and beset his house and endeavoured to enter but were quickly beaten off and glad to retreat having in some measure vented their anger against him in railing and scandalous language such as the streets were full of before in scattered Libels and breaking his glass-windows The day following many of them upon enquiry were apprehended and imprisoned but three days after forcibly rescued from thence by their Companions who broke open the Prison-doors for which one Bensted a Sea-man was apprehended and hanged afterwards in St. Georges-fields and his head and quarters set upon the several Gates of the City The Scotch Parliament now sat again and were more violent in their proceedings than before for having notice of the discontents in England they presently advanced with their Army thitherwards about the same time that the Queen was delivered of a Son Henry Duke of Glocester of whose decease we shall speak in its place The King to be in a readiness to receive them had also appointed an Army of which he made the Earl of Northumberland General and the Earl of Strafford Lieutenant-General but the Earl of Northumberland falling sick he himself sent away part of the Army under the Command of the Lord Conway and advanced out of London with the remainder and came in person to Northallerton During his March the Lord Conway had but ill success He had drawn about 1200 Horse and 3000 Foot to secure the Passes upon Tine near Newborn So far was the Scotch Army advanced under the Command
way to them had been seized by the Watches which by the order of Justice Parsons had been doubled and reinforced and the Castle of Dublin manned and guarded very stoutly But by the diligence of one of the Lord Parsons servants who was set expresly to walk the streets and attend the motion of Conally he was found in the Constables hands and brought before them where being recovered from his distemper he gave a perfect narrative of the Treason intended and that when the Conspitators had gotten the Casâ—le and the Ammunition and Stores c. they would batter the Chimneys and then the Houses of the Town till it yielded and then kill all the Protestant Inhabitants and that the like would be executed the same time in all parts of the Kingdom Upon this discovery the Lords ordered the Lodgings of Mac Mahon and Mac Guire to be set and watched but upon further advice they sent before day and seized Mac Mahon He and his man at first made some resistance with drawn swords but seeing he was overpowred yeilded and being brought before the Council confessed the whole Plot adding that it was impossible for them to prevent it and that it was true they had him in their power and might use him as they pleased but he was sure he should be revenged He was the Grandson of the Rebel Tyrone The Lord Macguire was next seized but the other four got away in the dark by the aid of some of the Townsmen and of all those that came up in numbers to the City and left their horses in the Suburbs of which the Council had notice betimes and seized some of them and got notice thereby of the owners there were not by the slack pursuit of the Inhabitants above thirty and those servants and inconsiderable persons that were taken Mac Guire and Mac Mahon were committed to the custody of the Constable of the Castle The same day October 23. the Councel emitted a Proclamation giving notice of the Rebellion raised by some evil affected Irish Papists which character at the instance of the Lords of the English Pale and to give them content in whose Loyalty at present rested the hope of the Kingdom was changed into this discrimination The evil affected of the old Irish in the Province of Ulster But notwithstanding soon after they absolutely declared themselves for the Rebels having by their temporizing in this manner gained a great quantity of Arms from Dublin and then refused to appear there at the summons of the Council giving themselves the name of the Confederate Catholick Army The same night the 23 of October the Lord Blawey arrived at Dublin with the news of the surprizal of his House Wife and Children by the Rebels of the County of Monaghan and the day after Sir Arthur Tyrringham brought news of the suprizal of the Newry which was seconded with notice of the like seisure of Fort Montjoy Carlemont Toâ—rages Carick Mac-Ross Cloughouter and Castle of Monaghan being all of them places of considerable strength besides a multitude of other Houses of strength Castles and Towns filled with British Inhabitants who by immuring themselves and not joyning in a Body were ruined easily one after another whereas otherwise they might have been able to have defeated this barbarous Enemy These successes were obtained under the ensigns and Conduct oâ— Sir Phelim O Neal Turlough O Neal his brother Rory Mac Guire Brother to the Lord Mac Guire Philip O Rely Mulmore O Rely Sir Conne Gennys Col. Mac Brian and Mac Mahon who with their torces advancing Southwards took in Dundalk and besieged Tredagh the Lords of the Pale publiquely joyning with them Viscount Gormanstone being made Lord General thereof Hugh Birn Lieutenant General and the Earl of Fingale General of the Horse Every day and hour came Tydings of the most horrid massacres committed in the Counties of Down Fermanagh Monaghan Antrim and Armagh those that escaped to the Sea-Towns the Inland being all lost perishing there by their hard and starving march both hungry and naked and pestring the few Garrisons of Colrain Carick-fergus and London Derry and of the multitude of those that got to Dublin not one in five survived the want and tire of their journey insomuch that some being over-driven by the Rebels have been forced to leave their Infants and young Children in the High-ways which were knocked on the head by them Nor was this calamity all such as got shipping for England were most of them drowned and others three moneths at Sea the winter and that season of the year was so rude and tempestuous while the Rebels gloried in their successes and cruelties and this extraordinary displeasure of the Almighty towards these their causless Adversaries That I may not pass this doleful subject without some particular testimony of their barbarousness I will instance that inhumane murder at Portnedown Bridg where in the very beginning of the Rebellion at several times they forced 1800 men women and children with pikes and halberts off that Bridge into the River and drowned them all soon after which there were such ghastly apparitions seen and such screeches of revenge heard that the Irish inhabitants were forced to remove their Creats or Hovels out of the dreadful noise and clamor thereof In sum there was never such a Diabolical Fury Treachery and Perfidiousness in the world which consumed in five moneths time no less then 150000 persons nay some good Authors have reckoned more in that one Province of Vlster Sir Phelim O Neal his party cruelly upon their defeat at Dundalk and other places wreaking their revenge upon such innocent persons as from the beginning of the Rebellion they had kept in miserable durance and captivity Dublin was now in great streights and frights which the miseries of those poor Wretches that made it their refuge rendred more dismal The whole Irish Army consisted but of 2000 Foot and 1000 Horse and so dis-joyned that there was as much danger of embodying them as staying there where they were for seven Companies of Foot had been lost with their Garrisons already to the Rebels most of the Souldiers being Irish. Nor was there any money in the Treasury onely 3000 l. destined to pay a publick debt in England was stopt for present use by which means a Regiment was raised for Sir Henry Titchburn to reinforce the Garrison of Tredagh into which the Lord Moor now Earl thereof had opportunely put himself with his Troop of Horse for the Townsmen were false and wavering Sir Henry arrived safe thither in two days march from Dublin November the 4th Another Regiment was raised for Sir Charles Coot who was to be Governour of the City now in great fear and despair for the Rebels were near it on every side this Regiment was made up mostly of those men who came stript and despoiled out of the North and who lived to see themselves revenged of the Irish. Applications were
with other good Conditions and Indemnity which there being no likelihood of doing His Majesty any Service by longer keeping it relief also being so very scarce difficult and uncertain was at last accepted and that little Citadel delivered into their Hands In Ireland the Forces there remaining being now under the sole Command of the Marquess of Clanrickard whom the Earl of Castlehaven did to the last assist in the Kings Service being drawn to the relief of Finagh were there totally routed 800 taken and killed Colonel Macdonnel his Lieutenant-Colonel and Major taken prisoners Colonel Mac Hugh and Colonel Caban killed and 376 Officers besides taken upon which followed the Rendition of Finagh upon Articles After these successes several Officers having liberty to go for England it was the fortune of the Colonels Axtell Sadler the Irish Adjutant-General and Colonel Le Hunt to be taken Prisoners by a Frigat of Scilly and there Landed and Imprisoned till such time as that Island acknowledged the possession of the States of England who having erected their High Court of Iustice had in revenge of Dorislaus and Ascham Sentenced Sir Henry Hide Cosen to Sir Edward then Lord-Chancellor with the King for taking upon him the quality of an Embassador from His Majesty to the Grand Seignior at Constantinople and demanding Audience in his Name which they aggravated with imputations of his designe of seizing those Merchants Estates there and Affronting Sir Thomas Bendish the old Resident there with his new Commission It booted nor availed Sir Henry who at his Tryal having been long out of England would have used the Italian Tongue as the readiest for his defence which was also charged upon him as his vanity and pride to deny extenuate or justifie the several parts of his accusation his Name was guilt enough He was Sentenced to be Beheaded which Death he suffered against the Old Exchange on Cornhill with as much courage of minde as weakness of Body and is justly inscribed to the Roll of Martyrs Captain Brown Bushel who had delivered Scarborough to Sir Hugh Cholmly then revolted in the year 1643. from the Parliament and being Prisoner at Hull for the same had been exchanged by Hotham then winding about to his Allegiance suffered in the same manner the 29 of March But it is not a rude Prolepsis of the time to assigne him because of the nearness of their Deaths for the same cause of Loyalty his place in this year in the Company of Sir Henry Hide Yet before we conclude the Revolution of this year we must adde one of the most remarkable occurrences in it viz. the Embassadors sent by this State to that of the Low Countries who departed hence about March the 10 and landed at Rotterdam the 14 being met by the way by two Yachts of State and handsomely accommodated at the English-house there by some of the said Company The Names of them were Chief-Justice Saint Iohn of the Common-Pleas formerly the Kings Sollicitor and the Earl of Straffords vehement Adversary and Mr. Walter Strickland stiled in their Credentials the Lords Embassadors Extraordinary from the Parliament of England and were the first that they ever sent to any Forrain Princes for as from Kings and Sovereigns they had just cause to fear their united Forces to chastise that infamous Regicide whose example was so dangerous to themselves Anno Dom. 1651. ON the 30 of March attended by a gallant Retinue of their own and such as that State sent with Coaches they were received to Audience where Saint Iohn in a well-composed Speech very gravely declared that notwithstanding several injuries received by the English Commonwealth and Subjects from that State yet the Parliament had sent them first to make a firm League and Friendship with them if they should think fit 2. That to that purpose they would renew that most amicable Treaty of Commerce made between the King of England and the Duke of Burgundy their then Sovereign in 1495. 3. He set forth those many advantages in point of Trade and Navigation the Dutch might receive from England by such a League discoursing of the commodiousness and Excellent Situation of the Ports and Harbours and other Emoluments 4. He expressed the just resentment of the Parliament for the Death of Doctor Darislaus and that he doubted not but their High and Mighty Lordships would give satisfaction therein and cause Justice to be Executed upon those Offenders Which said a Committee was appointed to confer with him further and he conducted in the same manner as he came to his own Lodgings But the States General shewed no great readiness to embrace this new Friendship of their Rival States although the Province of Holland did endeavour to promote it for the Prince of Aurange's Interest was yet very potent in their Assemblies which was the reason no Address had been made before in his life-time from the Parliament who very much courted this peoples Amity not onely from the nearness and likeness of both their rises to be Commonwealths but for that no danger was so neer and to be feared elsewhere from the Interest and Alliance of the King But the people were far more averse to any accommodation with Traytors and Murderers as they called these Ministers and their followers which Clamours were heightned by the Royalists then yet in great numbers residing there The Duke of York being then in the Country with the Princess of Aurange his Sister as also the Queen of Bohemia and Prince Edward her Son who first gave these Embassadors an Affront as they chanced to meet him in their Coach taking the Air neer the Hague with his Sister the Princess Henrietta in his Hand where in indignation he gave them the opprobrious names of Dogs and Traytors The next day several uproars were made about their House as if there were a resolution to Storm it nor was it safe for them or any of their Gentlemen to stir abroad and several advices were given them of designed attempts upon their persons Of both these affronts and injuries they complained to the States who after a long and tedious delay summoned Prince Edward to appear and answer but he pleaded he was a Prince of the Empire and Subject to no other Jurisdiction and for the other appointed them a Corps du guard to secure the House and by a Proclamation prohibited all manner of injuries or violence to be done unto them but notwithstanding the said indignities were yet committed frequently In this sort they continued there expecting an Answer and Conclusion which Mounsieur Bellieur did likewise hinder what in him lay his Servants and attendants being as quarrelsome and slighting of these English as any whosoever and in the interim six of the chiefest Gentlemen of their Retinue travelling upwards the Country were met by a Lorain-Colonel one Harter then going to the Spaw and kept Prisoners for a Ransome which at length was paid to the Spanish-Governour of
entailing his Estate upon his Grand-son as divining what his Son with whom he died in feud would come to General Blake was yet in the Streights demanding satisfaction of the Algier-Pirates for the depredations committed on the English and required the delivery of the Captives of our Nation whose number was very great but neither of these would be hearkned to whereupon Blake sent in a threatning Message to which they returned in scorn and contempt this Answer Here are our Castles of Guletto and Castles of Porta Ferino do what you can do ye think we fear the shew of your Fleet A Council of War being called upon this daring affront it was resolved to Burn those ships in Ferino in defiance of their Stone-line Forts and Castles well furnished with Ordinance and manned with the whole Country adjacent On the 4 of April the attempt was made Blake and the greater ships with their seconds coming within Musquet-shot of the Castle and Line which in two hours time they rendred defenceless dismounting all the Great Guns and clattering the Stones so about their Ears that the Enemy abandoned them having seen their nine Ships and Frigats burning in the mean time which was done by Boats from every ship during this hot service atchieved in this honourable manner Blake set sail again to the same place and renewed his Demand and was Answered in another strain that not Ours but now Those were the Castles and ships of the Grand Seigniour who would be sure to require an account of them In conclusion they came to Treat and did what they were beaten to for else they saw their Thieving Trade would be short Nathaniel Fiennes second Son to the Lord Say and the once-famous Governour of Bristol was made Cromwel's Lord Privy-Seal Recorder Steel a growing Favourite for his Speeches Lord Chief-Baron and Lambert yet above-board Lord-Warden of the Cinque Ports and soon after Serjeant Glyn was made Lord Chief Justice of England Mr. Parker and Vnton Crook the Father made Serjeants For Military Commanders Colonel Reynolds was â—ow Knighted and ordered to carry it with him to grace Henry Cromwel then preparing â—or his journey into Ireland to be inaugurated Lord-Lieutenant in place of Fleetwood where he arrived in the middle of Iuly and Captain Vnton Crook was rewarded for his late service with 200 l. per annum The Scoâ—câ— Council was nominated and dispatched also viz. General Monke Lord Broughill President Colonel Howard now Earl of Carlisle Colonel Adrian Scroop Colonel Cooper Colonel Wetham Mr. Desborough Colonel Lockhart Laird Swinton and Downing Secretary It was omitted that Sir Gilbert Pickering was entituled Lord-Chamberlain to Oliver and that he had a Guard of Halberdiers in Grey-coats Welted with Black-Velvet in the same manner and custom as the Kings of England used them but this Satellitium and Band of Bailiffs was rather out of fear than in regard to the honour of their Attendance Sir William Constable one of the Kings Judges Governour of Gloucester and the last of his Name which rots in his dust died now and was buried in the Military way in Henry the 7th's Chappel lighted into his Tomb with a terrible Fire in the opposite Town of Lambeth A new Plot was now started and most of the Nobility and Gentlemen of England secured Sir Geoffrey Palmer Lord Willoughby of Parham Lord Lovelace Earl of Lindsey Lord Newport and Sir Richard Wingfield Lords Maynard Petre Lucas and Faulkland Sir Frederick Cornwallis c. and this done by Manning whose Villany was not yet discovered though to render an entire account of him his death was before related County-Troops were now also established for security to his Highness such Trooper 8 l. a year pay and more in case of service a Captain 100 l. and Officers proportionably and as these new Forces were raised here so were other old ones disbanded in Scotland and Ireland in which last place the Disbanded were yet to be the same kinde of standing Militia they being setled in the Rebel Forfeited Lands their Tenure being their service and thus that Kingdom was re-peopled An Agent that had come hither from Ragotski Prince of Transilvania now departed the Conspiracy betwixt whom and the King of Sweden and the Swede and Cromwel was just ripe for Execution For the terrible news came that Carolus Gustavus with an Army of 20000 Swedes was landed in Pomerania and fallen into Poland and that the Palatinate of Posen had submitted and the Vice-Chancellor Radzikousky was come in and complied with that King and little doubt was made of his over-running that Kingdom the like Treachery and other divisions among the discontented Nobility opening him a way Cromwel's reach in this War was to divert the Emperour who was arming apace in aid of the King of Spain and defence of the House of Austria against the French as foreseeing also the rupture of the Peace with the Spaniard by Cromwel in the Low-Countries and a Peace once by this ballance effected to espouse the quarrel of our King to the same purpose the Transilvanian was engaged who like a stormy Cloud hung over the Imperial Dominions so that no assistance could be had from this part of the World This highly disappointed the Spaniard and retarded those hopes of our King in order to his Restitution by Arms. He was yet at Colen and caressed by several Princes who Honoured his Privacy among many others the Landtgrave of Hessen gave him an honourable Visit and Prince Rupert returned from the Emperour gave him his due attendance to evidence that the Relation of a King in some such cases may be without a Kingdome or Subjects A Swedish Embassador Named Christian Bond arrived here neer the same time and was in great State received according to the Amplitude of his Highness and Rolt a Bed-chamber-man of this Altess was sent recipocrally to the King of Sweden but was neer quitting the Cost of his Journey by a terrible Storm About the time the news came of his getting ashore in safety Hannum a most notorious Thief suspected of the Robbery of the King at Colen in which parts he was no stranger broke Prison and escaped likewise From the noble Exploit of Porta Ferino Blake sailed to Cadiz and those parts of Spain where he found that the Armada of Spain was at Sea to look after the arrival of their India-Fleet and it fell out that the English and Spaniards met together in those Seas the Spaniards being 32 ships in all but no quarrel happened for neither had Commission to right The same indifferent but more cowardly temper at the same instant in August made the Iamaica-Fleet returning home suffer the longed-for Plate-Fleet to pass untought when discovered in the Gulf of Florida upon their Voyage to Spain so that none of the Fates were wanting to make this the most unglorious undertaking of the English Upon a resolution taken by a Council of War at Iamaica the greatest
Fourth the Demeasnes and Jurisdiction whereof lay in the Dutchy of Normandy in France under the English Soveraginty and Earl of Torrington in his own native County of Devon and Baron of Potheridge his own Patrimony Beauchamp and Teyes by which he hath right of Peerage in the three Kingdoms whose equal Felicity and Honour he advanced and raised before himself and now most deservingly shared with them by his Investiture in these Dignities which were compleated Iuly the 13 by his taking his place in the House of Lords attended by the House of Commons and introduced by the Duke of Buckingham In the same month General Montague was created Earl of Sandwich Viscount Hinchingbrooke his famous Mannor in Huntingtonshire and Baron of St. Neots in the same County and on the 16 of Iuly took likewise his place in the House of Peers where they both shine with that degree of splendor by which the Duke reduced and the Earl dawned at the day of Englands Glory and Liberty The Duke of Ormond was likewise made Earl of Brecknock and took his place among the Peers of England he was also made Lord Steward of his Majesties Houshold as the Earl of Lindsey was made Lord High-Chamberlain the Earl of Manchester Lord Chamberlain of his Majesties Houshold and the Earl of Southampton Lord High-Treasurer of England Sir Frederick Cornwallis was made Treasurer of the Kings Houshold by an old Grant and Sir Iohn Berkley Comptroller and other Royalists were made Officers therein Several presents were made to the King from the several Cities and Boroughs of the Kingdom in Gold and Plate and resignation of Fee-farm-rents purchased from the Usurpers among the rest the City of London with a Complement of their good Stewardship by the mouth of their Recorder Sir William Wilde rendred their like Grant of New Parke in Surrey All the Rents accruing at Michaelmas-day were now secured from the late Purchasers of Kings Queens Bishops Dean and Chapters lands for the use of the right and unquestionable Proprietors to the defeating the miserable and unjust covetousness of such undue and unwarrantable penniworths A splendid Embassy came this Month of August from Denmark to congratulate his Majesties most happy Restitution as a little before the Lord Iermyn newly made Earl of Saint Albans the Title last failing in the renowned Marquess of Clanrickard Vlick de Burgh who had so eminently asserted his Majesties Rights in Ireland and after the reduction thereof came into England and died in London in some distress far unfitting his nobleness of minde as well as former most honourable Estate a while before the Kings Return was sent to France in the quality of Lord Embassador Extraordinary to that Crown Soon after the Prince de Ligne with a right Princely Train and retinue becoming the grandeur of the Affair he was sent to Congratulate from his Majesty of Spain betwixt whom and this Kingdom a Peace after a six years War was lately Proclaimed was with great state received and had solemn Audience by the King and departed and was succeeded by the Baron of Battevile to be Resident and Embassador in Ordinary at this Court. From the French King soon after came another Illustrious and grand Personage upon the same account by name the Count of Soissons who had married the Cardinal's Neece and entred and was entertained here with all sumptuous and extraordinary Magnificence In sum there was no Prince nor State in Europe who sent not or were not a sending their Embassador upon this wonderful occasion The Parliament after many debates and disputes alterations and insertions at last finished the Act of Oblivion which was extraordinary comprehensive and indulgent to the regret of many injured Royalists who found no better perswasive to their acquiescence in it but their unalterable duty to the King whose special Act this was Out of this were only excepted the Regicides and Murderers of their late Soveraign as to Life and Estate besides Colonel Lambert and Sir Henry Vane and Twenty others reserved to such Forfeitures as should by Parliament be declared the principal of these were Sir Arthur Haselrig Oliver Saint Iohn William Lenthal the Speaker Mr. Ny the Independent Minister Burton of Yarmouth and some Sequestrators Officers and Major-Generals of the Army amongst whom was Desborough Pine Butler Ireton c. They passed likewise an Act for a perpetual Anniversary Thanksgiving on the 29 of May the day of his Majesties Birth and Restauration a day indeed memorable and the most auspicious in our English Kalendar and worthy of a Parliaments Canonization Both which his Majesty gave his Royal Assent to as at the Adjournment to another for Disbanding of the Army and paying off the Navy which once looked upon us with the same feared perpetual danger as the Mamalukes or Ianizaries but by this happy conjuncture of his Majesties Fortune with his Wisdom and Goodness yielded after many Modules to its last Dissolution Great sums by Pole-money and other Assessments were imposed and speedily and cheerfully levied and paid to finish this desired work which had before wasted so many Millions of Treasure Mr. Scowen Mr. Pryn Col. King and Sir Charles Doyley were appointed Commissioners to disband them to which the Souldiery very willingly and with thanks to the King submitted the King giving them a Weeks pay as a Donative and Largess The Parliament adjourned till the 6 of November These Felicities of the King we have hitherto insisted on as the course of all worldly things is guided were abated and allayed by the immature and most lamented Death of the right Excellent Prince Henry Duke of Gloucester his Majesties youngest Brother a Prince of very extraordinary hopes Silence will best become our lamentation for his vertues and our loss of them transcend expression He died of the Small-pox Aged Twenty years and two months after much Blood-letting and was Interred with a private Funeral in Henry the Seventh's Chappel at Westminster just before the arrival of his Sister the Princess of Orange who came to joy and felicitate her Brothers in their happy Restitution With the King and Monarchy the Ecclesiastical Regiment by Bishops recovered it self by his Majesties Piety and Prudence that Aphorism being most sadly verified No Bishop No King and therefore on the 20 of September Dr. Iuxon Bishop of London that antient and excellent Prelate was by the King translated from that See to the Arch-bishoprick of Canterbury which was performed with great Solemnity and not long after several new Bishops persons the most eminent and valiant assertors of the Church and Laws of England were Consecrated in the Abby at Westminster and all the Diocesses filled of which together presently in an ensuing Catalogue Divine Vengeance had with a slow foot traced the murtherers of our Martyr'd Soveraign and through several Mazes at last overtook them the iron hand of Justice delivering them to the punishment due to that grand impiety nor was it
great Solemnity advanced some eminent Persons to higher degrees of Dignity to be as Jewels to that Crown which should be placed on his Head they were Twelve in number six Earls and six Barons The Names of whom are as followeth Edward Lord Hide of Hendon Lord high Chancellour of England was created Earl of Clarendon Arthur Lord Capel was created Earl of Essex Thomas Lord Brudenel was created Earl of Cardigan Arthur Viscount Valentia in Ireland was created Earl of Anglesey Sir Iohn Greenvile Gentleman of His Majesties Bed-Chamber and Groom of the Stool was created Earl of Bath Charles Howard of His Majesties Privy Council was created Earl of Carlisle Denzil Hollis Esq was created Lord Hollis of Ifeld Sir Frederick Cornwallis was created Lord Cornwallis of Eye in Suffolk an antient Barony Sir George Booth Baronet was created Lord de-la-Mere Sir Horatio Townsend was created Baron of Lyn-Regis Sir Anthony Ashly Cooper was created Baron of Winterbourn St. Gyles Iohn Crew was created Lord Crew of Stene The Earls at their Creation had two Earls their supporters their Cap and Coronet carried by one their Sword by another and their Mantle by a third The Lords were likewise supported by two Lords their Cap and Mantle in the same manner but no Sword These Peers being thus led up Garter King of Arms attending them to the King upon their several approaches their Patents were presented by Sir William Walker Principal King at Arms which being by the Lord Chamberlain delivered to the King and from him to Secretary Nicholas were by him read and then given by His Majesty to the Respective Nobles who after they were vested with their Robes had their several Caps and Coronets placed upon their Heads by His Majesties own hands as he sate in a Chair of State These likewise were ordered to attend the King at his Coronation which Commenced its glories Monday the Twenty second of April aforesaid it having rained a Moneth together before it pleased God that not one drop fell on this Triumph which appeared in its full Lustre and Grandeur but as soon as the solemnity was past and the King and his Train at Dinner in Westminster-Hall it fell a Thundering Lightning and Raining with the greatest force vehemence and noise that was ever heard or seen at that time of the year The Streets were gravelled all the way and filled with a multitude of Spectators out of the Countrey and some Forreigners who acknowledged themselves never to have seen among all the great Mâ—gnificences of the World any to come near or equal this even the Vaunting French confessed their Pomps of the late Marriage with the Infanta of Spain at their Majesties entrance into Paris to be inferiour in its State Gallantry and Riches unto this most Illustrious Cavalcade Which proceeded on this manner as the NOBILITY and GENTRY were placed within and without the Tower First went the Horse-Guard of his Highness the Duke of York the Messengers of his Majesties Chamber the Esquires of the Knights of the Bath One hundred thirty six in number the Knight Harbenger the Serjeant-Porter the Sewers of the Chamber the Quarter-waiters of the six Clerks of the Chancery the Clerks of the Signet the Clerks of the Privy Seal the Clerks of the Council the Clerks of both Houses of Parliament the Clerks of the Crown the Chaplains in Ordinary having Dignities ten in number the King's Advocate and Remembrancer the Kings learned Counsel at Law the Master of the Chancery the Kings puisne Serjeants the Kings Attorney and Solicitors the King 's eldest Serjeants Secretaries of the French and Latine Tongues the Gentlemen-Ushers daily waiters the Sewers Carvers and Cup-bearers in ordinary the Esquires of the Body the Masters of standing Offices being no Councellors viz. of the Tents Revels Ceremonies Armory Wardrope Ordnance Master of Requests Chamberlain of the Exchequer Barons of the Exchequer and Judges of the Law according to their Dignity the Lord chief Baron the Lord chief Justice of the Common Pleas the Master of the Rolls the Lord chief Justice of England Trumpets the Gentlemen of the Privy-Chamber the Knights of the Bath sixty eight in Number the Knight Marshal the Treasurer of the Chamber Master of the Jewel-house Knights of the Privy Council Comptroller of his Majesties Houshold Treasurer of his Majesties Houshold Two Trumpets and Serjeants Trumpets Two Pursivants at Arms Barons eldest Sons Earls youngest sons Viscounts eldest sons Barons Marquesses younger sons Earls eldests sons Two Pursivants at Arms. Viscounts Dukes younger sons Marquesses eldest sons Two Heraulds Earls Earl Marshal and Lord Chamberlain of the Houshold Dukes eldest sons Serjeants at Arms on both sides the Nobility Clarencieux and Norroy Lord Treasurer Lord Chancellor Lord High Steward Duke of Ormond two persons representing the Duke of Normandy and Aquitain Gentleman-Vsher Garter Lord Mayor Sir Richard Brown The Duke of York alone The Lord High Constable of England Earl of Northumberland Lord Great Chamberlain of England Earl of Lindsey The Sword by the Duke of Richmond The KING Equerries and Footmen next and about his Majesty Gentlemen and Pensioners without them the Master of the Horse Duke of Albemarl leading a spare Horse the Vice-Chamberlain to the King Captain of the Pensioners Captain of the Guard the Guard the Kings Life guard Commanded by my Lord Gerrard the Generals Life-guard by Sir Philip Howard a Troop of Voluntier Horse and a Company of Foot by Sir Iohn Robinson The way from the Tower to Aldgate was guarded by the Hamlets from thence to Temple-Bar by the Trained-Bands of London on one side and lined with the Liveries on the other side with the Banners of each Company The Windows were all along laid with the best Carpets and Tapestry Bands of Musick in several places and the Conduits running with Wine In St. Pauls Church-yard stood the Blew-coat boys of Christ-Church Hospital One in behalf of the rest declared their joy for his Majesties wonderful preservation in his absence and his Arrival thither humbly beseeching his Majesties Gracious favour and indulgence according to the example of his Royal Ancestors and his Father of blessed memory The King was very well pleased with this Speech and after conferred something on the Boy that spoke it In the Strand and through Westminster also the ways were gravelled and rayled being guarded on both sides with the Trained bands of that Liberty and City and his Majesties two Regiments of Foot under the command of his Grace the Duke of Albemarle and Colonel Russel brother to the Earl of Bedford The houses were also richly adorned with the Carpets and Tapestry and Musick particularly a stage of Morice-dancers at the Maypole in the Strand in the several places all along his Majesties passage When his Majesty came through Temple-bar into his Antient and Native City of Westminster the Head-bayliff in a Scarlet Robe and High Constable in Scarlet received his Majesty with loud Musick where alighting off their horses and kneeling down to
and departed Then Garter Principal King-at-Arms Proclaimed the King thrice with his Title in Latine French and English and at every time at the end cried Largess and the people shouted God save the King then the Lord Mayor Sir Richard Brown presented a Golden Cup and Cover full of Wine which the King drank off and gave it the Lord Mayor for his Fee By that time the third course was carrying in the King called for Water which the Earl of Pembrook assisted by another Earl brought in a Basin and Ewer and the King having washed withdrew to his Barge but before his departure it fell a Thundering Lightning and Raining as if it imitated the noise and fire of the Cannon which played from the Tower and it was observed that they kept time in this loud Musick so that they were distinctly to be heard the Thunder intermitting as if it staid to receive and answer the reciprocated and ecchoed Boation and clashes of the Guns And in all ancient Augury such signes were taken for the most auspicious however the mad remnant of the Rebellion would have it parallell'd to Saul's inauguration never considering the season nor the different occasion and case between the most ancient Kingly Right and descent in Christendom and that a new Title and Government in Iewry which had before the most special presence of God among them All the Kingdom over great rejoycing was made by Feasting and other Shows as Training the several Bands of the Countries with the additional Voluntary Gentry in a new and gallant Cavalry which shewed the resurrection of their former Loyalty in its immutable state of Peace But to proceed to the disclosing the whole lustre of this our present and most delightful Subject omitting the same Triumphs in Scotland and Ireland in the express resemblances of this Magnificence several Honours being conferred both by the Lord-Commissioner his Grace and the Lords-Justices on that Solemnity we will take a full view of all our personal Dignities at home We proceed then to those Magnificences of the King which are in him Honorante not in Honorato After the miserably vulgarly multitude of those evil Counsellors we had been oppress'd with for so many years who had raised themselves to the mysteries of Government by their publick scandals thereof in its former administration following the impious politicks of Absalom we saw an Assembly of Princes met in his Majesties most Honourable Privy Council whose superlative and eminent endowments assisted by their conspicuous Grandeur restored the form of the Brittish Empire such as Pallas gloried to be in the midst of her Heavenly descent such their Noble Extractions and their excellencies in all prudent menage of the Publick accomplished to Her own AUTHENTICAL INSTITUTION of true policy such Pilots whose happy and skilfull hand could guide the tossed Bark of the Kingdom in the darkest Night and the most frightful Tempests when there was neither Sun Moon nor Stars no face of Authority nor Rule no Directions nor Chart to follow in the unexampled case of our late Distractions and without any other Compass than their Piety to God Duty to their Prince and love to their Country by which they confidently steered through all those Shelves Rocks and Sands which imminently threatned its Shipwrack and Destruction Their sacred Names for perpetual Memory and to the Eternal Fame of this their blessed Conduct understanding that by his Majesties call to this sublime eminent dignity their precedent Services were signated and notified to the World as most Religiously and gratefully is due are here transmitted among the rest of his Majesties felicities to inquisitive Posterity The Names of his Majesties most Honourable Privy Council HIs Royal Highness the Duke of York Earl of Clarendon Lord Chancellor of England Earl of Southampton Lord Treasurer Lord Roberts Lord Privy Seal Duke of Albemarle Earl of Lindsey Lord High-Chamberlaiâ— of England Duke of Ormond Lord Steward of his Majesties Houshould Marquess of Dorchester Earl of Northumberland Earl of Leicester Earl of Berkshire Earl of Portland Earl of Norwich Earl of St. Albans Earl of Sandwich Earl of Anglesey Earl of Carlisle Viscount Say and Seal Lord Wentworth Lord Seymor Chancellour of the Dutchy of Lancaster Lord Hollis Lord Cornwallis Lord Cooper Earl of Lauderdale Lord Berkly Sir George Carteret Sir Charles Compton Secretary Nicholas Secretary Morice To which have been since added Christopher Lord Hatton Rupert Duke of Cumberland the Duke of Buckingham Earl of Middleton a Scotch Lord the Kings Commissioner there From these Glories of the Crown we are next invited to as Illustrious those of Chivalry a medium betwixt War and Peace that there might be nothing that his Majesties Fortunes could not comprehend The most Honourable Order of the Garter Famous for its Martial and Civil Atchievements had been drag'd in the Dirt and trampled under Foot of Plebeian Anarchy and Usurpation when the innocent charm of its Motto Hâ—ni soit qui mal y pense Evil be to him that Evil thinks which had preserved it so many Ages found not veneration nor respect being ridled by that Monster of Rebellion to be a badge and significator of its certain though long-look'd-for Vltion and Avengement in its own dire Retorts and self-punishing Revolutions It is not nor ever will be forgotten how they abased this Royal Ensigne the highest Order of Knighthood in the World when it was derided by the most abject and meanest degree of the People when its True Blue was stained with the Blot of Faintise and imbecility of courage till another Saint George arose to be its Champion Assertor and Restorer of its Renown and Glory Some of these most Honourable Knights survived his Majesties Restitution some he made abroad others he decreed so and they were so de jure having had the Order sent them but the Investiture wanting The rest of these Noble Companions were allied to the Restoration all of them are ranked in the manner as they sate at Windsor April 16. 1662 being St. George his day where after the usual Magnificent Procession His Majesty renewed the usual Solemnities and Grandeurs thereof Himself being there in Person The Fellows and Companions of the most Noble Order of St. GEORGE commonly called the GARTER as they were the 23 of April in the Thirteenth year of King Charles the Second 1661. CHarles the Second King of Great Britain France and Ireland Soveraign of the Order Iames Duke of York the Kings only Brother Charles Lodowick Prince Elector Palatine Frederick William Marquess and Elector of Brandenburgh Rupert Count Palatine of the Rhine and Duke of Cumberland Edward Count Palatine of the Rhine William of Nassau Prince of Orange Barnard Duke of Espernon Charles Prince of Tarante William Cecil Earl of Salisbury Thomas Howard Earl of Berk-shire Algernon Piercy Earl of Northumberland Iames Butler Duke of Ormond George Villiers Duke of Buckingham Thomas Wriothesley Earl of Southampton William Cavendish Marquess of Newcastle George Digby Earl of Bristol
Rochesters consecrated 1637. A. Dr. Henry King Lord-Bishop of Chichester was consecrated 1641. Dr. Humphry Heuchman Lord-Bishop of Salisbury was consecrated October 28. 1660. Dr. George Morley Lord-Bishop of Worcester was consecrated October 28. 1660. since possessed by Dr. Gauden after by Dr. Earles late Dean of Westminster Dr. Robert Sauderson Lord-Bishop of Lincoln was consecrated October 28. 1660. since deceased and Dr. Laney Translated thither Dr. George Griffith Lord-Bishop of St. Asaph was consecrated October 28. 1660. Dr. William Lucy Lord-Bishop of St. Davids was consecrated December 2. 1660. Dr. Benjamin Laney Lord-Bishop of Peterborough was consecrated December 2. 1660. Dr. Hugh Lloyd Lord-Bishop of Landaff was consecrated December 2. 1660. Dr. Richard Sterne Lord-Bishop of Carlisle was consecrated December 2. 1660. Y. Dr. Brian Walton Lord-Bishop of Chester was consecrated December 2. 1660. Y. This See was possess'd by Dr. Fern who dying also Dr. George Hall was Lord-Bishop thereof Dr. Iohn Gauden who dying Dr. Seth Ward is since Lord-Bishop thereof Lord-Bishop of Exeter was consecrated December 2. 1660. Dr. Gilbert Ironside Lord-Bishop of Bristol was consecrated Ianuary 13. 1660. Dr. Edward Reynolds Lord-Bishop of Norwich was consecrated Ianuary 14. 1660. Dr. William Nicholson Lord-Bishop of Gloucester was consecrated Ianuary 13. 1660. Dr. Nicholas Monke Lord-Bishop of Hereford was consecrated Ianuary 13. 1660. who dying Dr. Herbert Crofts was consecrated in his place 1661. Dr. Iohn Hacket Lord-Bishop of Coventry and Litchfield A. Notes the ancient Bishops Y. The Diocesses in the Province of York All the rest are in the Province of Canterbury The Names of the Iudges EDward Earl of Clarendon Lord High-Chancellor of England Sir Robert Foster Knight Chief-Justice of the Kings-Bench Sir Harbottle Grimstone Baronet Master of the Rolls Sir Orlando Bridgeman Knight and Baronet Chief-Justice of the Common-Pleas Matthew Hale Chief-Baron of the Exchequer Sir Thomas Mallet Knight Justices of the Kings-Bench Sir Thomas Twisden Knight Justices of the Kings-Bench Sir Wadham Windham Knight Justices of the Kings-Bench Sir Robert Hide Knight Justices of the Common-Pleas Sir Thomas Terril Knight Justices of the Common-Pleas Sir Samuel Brown Knight Justices of the Common-Pleas Sir Edward Atkins Knight Barons of the Exchequer Sir Christopher Turner Knight Barons of the Exchequer Sir Ieoffrey Palmer Knight Attorney-General Sir Iohn Glynne Knight The Kings Serjeants at Law Sir Iohn Maynard Knight The Kings Serjeants at Law Sir William Wilde Knight The Kings Serjeants at Law The two Principal Secretaries of State persons eminent for their faithful and industrious Loyalty Sir Edward Nicholas of the same place to his late Majesty and Sir William Mâ—rice the onely Confident the Renowned General the Duke of Albemarle used in those blessed Counsels toward the Restitution of the King and Kingdom The Names of the BARONETS made by Letters Patents since his Majesties most happy Restauration Anno 1660. With the times of their several Creations Anno Duodecimo Caroli Regis Secundi SIR Orlando Bridgeman Knight was created Baronet Iune the 7th in the Twelfth Year of the Raign of our most Gracious Soveraign Lord King Charles the Second in the year of our Lord 1660. Sir Ieoffery Palmer Kt. created Baronet Iune the 7. Sir Heneage Finch in Com. Bucks Kt. created Baronet Iune 7. Sir Iohn Langham in Com. Northampton Kt. created Baronet Iune 7. Sir Robert Abdy in Com. Essex Kt. created Baronet Iune 9. Thomas Draper in Com. Berks Esq. created Baronet Iune 9. Humphrey Winch in Com. Bedford Esq. created Baronet Iune 9. Ionathan Rease Esq. created Baronet Iune 9. Henry Wright in Com. Essex Esq. created Baronet Iune 12. Hugh Speke in Com. Wilts Esq. created Baronet Iune 12. Nicholas Gould of the City of London created Baronet Iune 13. Sir Thomas Adams of the City of London Kt. created Baronet Iune 13. Richard Atkins in Com. Surrey Esq. created Baronet Iune 13. Thomas Allen of the City of London Esq. created Baronet Iune 14. Henry North in Com. Suffolk Esq. created Baronet Iune 15. Sir William Wiseman in Com. Essex Kt. created Baronet Iune 15. Thomas Cullum in Com. Suffolk Esq. created Baronet Iune 18. Thomas Davy in Com. Essex Esq. created Baronet Iune 20. George Grubbum How in Com. Wilts Esq. created Baronet Iune 20. Iohn Cutts in Com. Cambridge Esq. created Baronet Iune 20. William Humble of the City of London Esq. created Baronet Iune 20. Solomon Swale in Com. York Esq. created Baronet Iune 21. Gervas Ews in Com. Suffolk Esq. created Baronet Iune 22. Robert Cordel in Com. Suffolk Esq. created Baronet Iune 22. Sir Iohn Robinson of the City of London Kt. created Baronet Iune 22. Iohn Abdy in Com. Essex Esq. created Baronet Iune 22. Henry Stapleton in Com. York Esq. created Baronet Iune 23. Iacob Ashly in Com. Warwick Esq. created Baronet Iune 25. Sir Robert Hilliard in Com. York Esq. created Baronet Iune 25. Sir William Bowyer in Com. Bucks Kt. created Baronet Iune 25. Iohn Shuckbrugh in Com. Warwick Esq. created Baronet Iune 26. William Wray in Com. Lincoln Esq. created Baronet Iune 27. Francis Hollis in Com. Dorset Esq. created Baronet Iune 27. Nicholas Steward in Com. Southampton Esq. created Baronet Iune 27. George Warberton in Com. Pal. of Chester Esq. created Baronet Iune 27. Oliver St. Iohn in Com. Northampton Esq. created Baronet Iune 28. Sir Ralph Delaval in Com. Northumberland Kt. created Baronet Iune 29. Andrew Henley in Com. Somerset Esq. created Baronet Iune 30. Thomas Ellis in Com. Lincoln Esq. created Baronet Iune 30. Sir Iohn Covert in Com. Sussex Kt. created Baronet Iuly 2. Maurice Berkley in Com. Somerset Esq. created Baronet Iuly 2. Peter Harr of the City of London created Baronet Iuly 2. Henry Hudson in Com. Leicester Esq. created Baronet Iuly 3. Thomas Herbert in Com. Monmouth Esq. created Baronet Iuly 3. Thomas Middleton in Com. Denbigh created Baronet Iuly 4. Verney Noel in Com. Leicester Esq. created Baronet Iuly 6. George Ruswel in Com. Northampton Esq. created Baronet Iuly 7. Robert Austen in Com. Kent Esq. created Baronet Iuly 10. Robert Hales in Com. Kent Esq. created Baronet Iuly 12. Iohn Clarke in Com. Oxford Esq. created Baronet Iuly 13. William Thomas in Com. Essex Esq. created Baronet Iuly 13. Sir William Boothby in Com. Derby Kt. created Baronet Iuly 13. Wolstan Dixey in Com. Leicester created Baronet Iuly 14. Iohn Bright in Com. York Esq. created Baronet Iuly 16. Iohn Warner in Com. York Esq. created Baronet Iuly 16. Sir Iohn Harbey in Com. Hartford Kt. created Baronet Iuly 17. Sir Samuel Moreland in Com. Berks Kt. created Baronet Iuly 18. Sir Thomas Hewet in Com. Hartford Kt. created Baronet Iuly 19. Edward Honywood in Com. Kent Esq. created Baronet Iuly 19. Basil Dixwel in Com. Kent Esq. created Baronet Iuly 19. Sir Richard Brown of the City of London Kt. created Baronet Iuly 20. Marmaduke Gresham in Com. Surrey Esq. created Baronet Iuly 20. Henry Kernor in Com. Salop Esq. created Baronet Iuly 23. Sir Iohn Aubrey in Com. Glamorgan
usual confidence of his Party made an end His Quarters were disposed of by his Majesties Orders and his Head set upon a Pole in White Chappel near the place of his Meeting for example to his Fellows Some discourses there were of a Design about Dunkirk and the Duke of York passed over there this Month carrying the Garrison money and upon his arrival viewed the Fortifications and Lines and found it stronger by some new Forts the Governour the Lord Rutherford now made Earl of Tiviot and Governour of Tangeir had raised thereabouts and after a short stay returned again for England In Ireland Sir Charles Coot Earl of Mountrath one of the Three Justices of that Kingdome died and was buried in State the power of the other Two remaining being invested in Sir Maurice Eustace and the Earl of Orery till the arrival of the Duke of Ormond He had done excellent Service in that Kingdome against the Rebels and though he afterwards sided with those here yet did he by his last Actions in securing that Kingdome to the Interest of his Majesty and helping on the Restitution redeem his former demerits which could be charged on him no otherwise than as a Souldier of Fortune he was one of General Monck's right hands in carrying on the Change The Duke of Ormond was by the Parliament of Ireland gratulated upon his appointment to that Government by Letters sent from the Speakers of both Houses The Council for the Principality of Wales was also erected by the King and setled at Ludlow the usual Residence the Earl of Carbery Lord Vaughan was made President the old Earl of Norwich Clerk of the Council and others of the Nobility and Gentry Assistants Judges also were established and the said Lord President in great State brought into the Town attended by a great Train of the chief Persons thereabouts and joyfully welcomed and complemented This Christmass the Honourable Society of Lincolns-Inne renewed their Custom of the Inns of Court by chusing a Prince who during the Festival commands like a Soveraign in the places adjoyning to the said Inne the Gentleman chosen this time was one Iohn Lort Esquire a Gentleman of Wales by the Title of Prince Le Grange he gave and the King was pleased to accept a Treatment from him the Ceremonies due to a Prince being exactly observed in every respect a Council Judges and Officers of State Honour and Nobility attending this his Highness whom the King at the expiration of his term of Royalty made a Knight Baronet The Marquess Durazzo Embassador from the Republick of Genoa was about this time honourably received by the King attended through the City to Sir Abraham Williams his house by the Earl of Carlisle Complemented from the King by the Earl of Bullingbrook and brought to Audience by the Lord Buckhurst In Scotland Episcopacy which had been so long banished thence was now reduced with all gladness and testimonies of a welcome reception after the experience of so many miseries and confusions which had befallen that Nation through the Fury and Zealotry of the Kirk The four Bishops that were Consecrated at Lambeth a little before this whereof Dr. Iames Sharpe Arch-Bishop of St. Andrews Metropolitan of Scotland was one Consecrating others in that Kingdom the whole Order being there defunct by the long Usurpation of the Presbyterian Discipline To the confirmation therefore of this Sacred resetled Authority the Lord-Commissioner with most of the Nobility and Gentry accompanied the Arch-Bishop of Glascow where the Kirk-Rebellion was first hatched to that City where the face of things was quite altered no Person or occasion ever welcomer or more acceptable than this as their Bells and Bonefires declared And here the Lord Commissioner put sorth a Proclamation prohibiting the payment of any Ecclesiastical Rents o Tythe or profits of the Ministry whatsoever to any who in a short time limited should not acknowledge and own their Diocesan Bishop and his Authority and receive Induction from him Some few grand Factious Predicants stood out and were cuted of their Livings and others the most unquiet and refractory Commanded to depart that Kingdom now well cleared of that Clergy the Original and Fountain of those bitter waters and Rivers of Blood which overflowed the three Nations A like Church-work was taken in hand in England the King at his Entrance into London upon his Restitution-day May 29 fadly observed and shook his Head at the Ruines of St. Paul's Cathedral and therefore the first vacancy his affairs permitted him was bestowed on the consideration of that Religious Structure and thereupon he issued out a Commission to Sir Orlando Bridgeman Sir Ieoffery Palmer and others of the Long Robe with other Gentlemen to take some speedy Order for the Repair thereof and to that pious work he gave the Arrears of Impropriations and Ecclesiastical Livings excepted out of the Act of Oblivion impowering to call all such as owed any Moneys thereupon to account and to lay it out to that use The former Dean of which Cathedral Dr. Nicholas Brother to Master Secretary of State Sir Edward died now of a malignant Feavor called the Country new Disease and Dr. Barwick a man that had suffered all Extremities even of Dungeon and Famine in the Tower from the Rump soon after the King's death was substituted by the King in his place it being reckoned with the late improvement the best Deanry now in England Soon after Dr. Nicholas died Dr. Nicholas Monke Bishop of Hereford and Brother to the Noble General whose private Contemplative liâ—e was no less observed than Jewels in the dark which then shine brightest his Illustrious Brother governing the conspicuous splendor of the Times while he ruled with the recluse vertues of his minde in the obscurity of the Church which afterwards spread and lustre it borrowed from the Beams of this its Luminary though now suddenly deprived of a great part of it in this his Setting And most fit it is that his Name should be Canonized and for ever had Sacred in our Kalendar and Church-Annals About the same time died also Dr. Brian Walton Lord-Bishop of Chester famous for the Polyglotte-Bible and other Excellencies becoming a Prelate nor did his successor Dr. Ferne many weeks outlive him whose defences of the Church will never be forgotten And lastly died Dr. Thomas Fuller known by his several Books and indefatigable industry better than by any account can here be given of him Such a Train of Scholars and Learned men did barbarous Death lead in Triumph to the Captivating Grave that her envious Pomp might draw our eye and tears to this sad spectacle and that might honourably accompany the Fate of the Bishop of Hereford A Fleet was Rigg'd and set to Sea to fetch home the Queen from Portugal and to carry the Forces to Tangier which was delivered by the Portugueze Garrison to Sir Richard Stayner who with 500 men was left to maintain it till the Earl
going and returning Sir Iohn dismiss'd them with promise of a speedy answer and upon consultation with the Earl of Bath it was agreed that Sir Ionathan Trelawney Major Sparks and Mr. Windham should go aboard At their approach De Ruyter met them at the Boat-side and inviting them aboard saluted them with 13 Guns excusing what had past and promising for the future that no other acts of that nature should be committed while he continu'd on the Coast. De Wit Doleman the Count de Horne with above 20 Captains more attended the English at the Great Cabin where they offer'd a Present to De Ruyter for his own Table but refus'd any greater supply till Peace should be Proclaim'd Accordingly upon their return the Earl of Bath sent the Admiral a Present of fresh Provisions with a fat Buck and some Fruit which De Ruyter receiv'd with seven Guns as an acknowledgement Notwithstanding De Ruyter's Complement after he parted from Plymouth two of the Dutch Fleet came before the Harbour of Hoy and advancing near the Shoar ply'd with their Broad-sides certain Works that were newly rais'd at the entrie of the Harbour but after an hour and an half they were forc'd to retire with several Shots receiv'd in their Hulls and the loss of one of their Top-Masts and several men without any loss to the English After this they were only seen to hover about the Coasts but without any farther Attempts and Peace ensu'd For about the beginning of Iune the Embassadours of England France and Sweden the Plenipotentiaries of the States and Denmark repair'd to the Castle belonging to the Prince of Orange where there was great care taken to avoid all contests about Precedency A while after Mr. Coventry one of the Embassadors being sent over into England and having receiv'd the King's Answer and Resolution touching the Articles discuss'd and agree'd to by the Plenipotentiaries return'd for Breda so that upon the Twenty first of Iune the Articles were sign'd by the Plenipotentiaries And upon the Fourteenth of August the Ratifications of the Peace were enterchang'd The Mediators first bringing in the Ratifications and other Instruments of the Dutch French and Danes into the English Embassadors Apartment receiv'd from them theirs in Exchange Which done the English Embassadors went into the Apartment of the Dutch and their Allies where they made and receiv'd the Compliments usual upon the Conclusion of so great an Affair The Peace was immediately Proclaim'd before the Doors of the several Plenipotentiaries in their respective Languages Afterwards upon the Twenty fourth of August it was publickly Proclaim'd in the City of London And as if this had not been enough it was afterwards confirm'd by an Additional Treaty made and concluded by Sir William Temple in Ianuary following Having thus pursu'd the Series of the Dutch War and Peace other intervening actions must not be omitted It was murmur'd that the Publick Treasure was wasted and miss-spent the King therefore to satisfie the People Issued out a Commission to several Members of both Houses to take an Accompt of such sums of Money as had been rais'd and assign'd to him during the present War being in all 2477500 l. granted at several times by several Acts with full Power to call to Accompt all Treasurers Pay-masters Receivers and all other Agents and Persons whatsoever And what had not been lately practis'd before by the King this Year the Feast of St. George was kept in his Palace of White-Hall The Earl of Southampton Lord High Treasurer of England being now lately Dead the King did not think fit to give the Place to any particular Person for the present but made the Duke of Albemarle the Lord Ashley Sir Thomas Clifford Sir William Coventry and Sir Iohn Duncomb by a Commission under the Great Seal his Commissioners for executing that Office The Parliament had met according to the Kings Proclamation in Iuly but were then Prorogu'd again till the Tenth of October at which time being again Assembled the King gave for one reason of his last Prorogation That it was to give himself time to do some things in the mean time which he hop'd would not be unwelcome to them which he had since done leaving his other Reasons to be deliver'd by the Lord Keeper who not only afterwards enlarg'd upon the King's Reasons for the said Prorogation but also recommended to them the Obstructions of Trade and the settlement of such a Ballance of Trade between England and Scotland that neither we should be prejudic'd by the Import of their Commodities here nor they put to seek new places of Vent abroad As to the Money rais'd for the War he told them what the King had done in reference to calling all Persons to Account and had committed the Examination thereof to themselves to follow their own Method adding withal that if any grievances had happen'd his Majesty would be as willing to have them Redress'd as they to have them Represented not doubting but that they would endeavour to Imprint the known Truth into his Subject hearts that there was no distinct Interest between the King and his People The Commons taking into Consideration the King's Speech resolv'd to return him their humble Thanks to which purpose having obtain'd the Concurrence of the Lords the Two Houses in a Body attended the King in the Banqueting-House where the Lord Keeper in the Name of the Two Houses made known to the King That they His Majesties Loyal and Faithful Subjects having taken into their serious Consideration the Speech wherein he was pleas'd to let them know the reasons of their last Prorogation which was to give himself time to do some things which would not be unwelcome to them but be a Foundation of a greater Confidence for the Future between the King and them They found themselves in duty bound to give him thanks and particularly for that he had Disbanded the New-rais'd Forces that he had dismist the Papists from his Guards and other Military Imployments for his Care in quickning the Execution of the Act restraining the Importation of Canary That He had seen the Canary Patent Vacated And Lastly for his displacing the Lord Chancellor But the Parliament having Sate till the Middle of December pass'd several Acts among the rest An Act for taking an account of the several Sums of Money therein mention'd An Act for Banishing and Disenabling the Earl of Clarenden to which when the King had given his Consent by Commission they Adjourn'd till February And because it was a general Complaint among the Seamen and Souldiers who had been in Service that they were frequently constrain'd to give money or lose some part of their Wages to recover the rest the King therefore for the more effectual Redress of such abuses if any were appointed the Duke of York and several of the Lords of the Council to receive and hear all such Complaints as any Sea-man or Souldier should
with him hasts to the St. George and puts up the Flag which when the Earl of Ossory saw who had in the mean time brought new Foresails to his Yards he sent Norborough to tell him that if he would he would set upon Tromp and board him if he had assistance Sprague praises his resolution bids him go on and he would immediately be with him But his suddain death was the loss of a Noble Designe For he had not been long aboard the St. George when through the loss of her Main-mast he was forc'd to forsake her too and as he was going aboard the Royal Charles the Boat being shatter'd to pieces by an accidental shot he was himself drown'd in the Ocean over which he had so often Triumph'd After Sprague's ship had lost her Masts Tromp confident of carrying her bore up briskly and gave her a Broad-side and brought up two Fire-ships but all in vain for as he pass'd by he was so severely gall'd by the Earl of Ossory that he had hardly time to discharge six of his own Guns Neither did the Earl of Ossory leave the Flag-ship till he saw her tow'd off by the Hampshire Tromp sufficiently wearied having got his Squadron together at first retir'd but when he saw De Ruyter coming toward him he stay'd By and by the Prince was to be discern'd a far off with his Squadron who had born the brunt of the Zealand-Squadron and De Ruyter all the day for the French having gain'd the Wind in the beginning of the Fight never came in but at two of the clock the Prince and De Ruyter as it were by consent seem'd to leave off for both being sollicitous for the rest of their Fleets whom they saw afar off sail'd peaceably and directed their course toward their Friends though all the while within Cannon-shot But now De Ruyter being joyn'd with his own falls upon the Blue endeavouring to separate that Squadron from the Prince but in vain the Prince making all haste to come in and the other seasonably joyning with him Then began a most sharp dispute on both sides at what time the Prince sending two Fire-ships guarded by Captain Leg upon the Enemy put them into such a confusion that had the French then come in being as they were Masters of the Wind the Dispute with the Dutch concerning the Dominion of the Sea had certainly been at an end The Dutch lost two Flag-Officers several Captains and about 1000 Common Seamen Among the English Sprague was much lamented Captain Neve was slain Reeves and Heywood died of their Wounds Of the French but one Commander slain The loss of Common English Seamen was not so great being chiefly in the Earl of Ossory's and Sir Edward Sprague's ships About the middle of Iune the Lord Clifford of Chudleigh resign'd his Staff as Lord-Treasurer into the King's hands and Sir Thomas Osborn created Viscount Osborn of Dumblaine in Scotland and afterwards Earl of Danby in England was made Lord-Treasurer in his room Upon the 10 th of October the Parliament meeting according to their last Adjournment were Prorogu'd by Commission till the 27 th of the same Moneth then meeting again they were prorogu'd till the seventh of Ianuary following After which the King having taken the Great Seal from the Earl of Shaftsbury gave it to his Attorney-General Sir Heneage Finch afterwards created Lord Daventry in the County of Northampton Soon after His Majesty was pleas'd to call before him in Council the two Lord Chief-Justices and the Lord Chief-Baron commanding them to consider of the most effectual means for putting the Laws in Execution for preventing the growth of Popery and at the same time ordered that no Roman-Catholick or so reputed should presume after the 18 th of November to come into his presence to his Palace or where his Court should be and the Lord-Steward and Lord-Chamberlain of the Houshold were ordered to see the same effectually put in execution And by further Order a little after forbid them to come neer St. Iames's House or into the Park Immediately after in pursuance of his Gracious Assurance to both Houses of Parliament His Majesty issued out his Royal Proclamation to the same effect further requiring the Judges and all Justices of the Peace to take effectual care for the prosecution of all Papists and Popish Recusants according to the Laws and Statutes of the Realm About the latter end of November the Dutchess of Modena arriving at Dover in order to her Intermarriage with his Royal Highness the Duke of York was there met by the Duke and some few days after coming from Gravesend to London by Water was by his Majesty and divers of the Nobility met in Barges upon the River and so conducted to White-hall where after her Royal Highness had been received in the most obliging and kinde manner by her Majesty she was conducted to St. Iames's Within few days after their Royal Highnesses gave Audience to the French Portugal Swedish and Danish Embassadors as likewise to the Residents of Venice and Newburgh who all went to Complement them upon their late Marriage About this time his Majesty the great numbers of extraordinary Servants that had been sworn and admitted into his Service who making use of the Protections they receiv'd thereby did obstruct the due course of Law issued forth an Order in Council whereby all persons that did not by vertue of their Places receive Fee Wages Salary Diet or Board-wages should be absolutely disabled from making use of any Protection whatsoever for the future to save them from the prosecution of their Creditors From Tangier came Intelligence that the Earl of Middleton Governour understanding the defeat and death of Gayland and the great success of Muly Ishmael in those parts and having receiv'd a kinde Letter from the said Muly Ishmael purporting his great desire to be in Amity with the Governour and a proposition of sending Commissioners to treat with him accordingly appointed Major White Alderman Read and Mr. Wollaston for that purpose with full power and Instructions to conclude a Peace and Treaty of Commerce and particularly for the Redemption of the Captives in Sally wherein the Earl doubted not the same success as he had had with Gayland above a year before with whom he had made so firm a Peace that the Moors and Inhabitants of Tangier convers'd together as if they had been one Nation Notwithstanding the vigour and fury of the War yet neither in the height of this years Preparation nor Action were the thoughts of Peace laid aside but rather all endeavours tending thereto vigorously pursued To this purpose a Treaty was concluded on between the King of England and the Dutch whereat the Allies of both Parties were to be present The place accepted of by the King of England was Cologne whither by the middle of Summer and some before came all the Plenipotentiaries of the several Confederates For the King of Great Britain Sir Ioseph Williamson and Sir
Trim 164. Preston in Lancashire 178. Dunbar 273 Worcester 397 Beaufort encountered by Argier Pyratâ—s 546 Slain 576 Bâ—nnet Sir Humphrey 404 Benson Captain Executed 270 Beaumont a Minister Murthered at Pontfraict 227 Berkenhead Sir John Knighted 512 Berkley Sir John 98. Berkley Sir John and Col. Walter Slingsby 258 Bernard's Treachery rewarded 395 Betteley John Quartered 404 Bishops 12. Accused of high Treason to the Tower ten of them 26. Their Charge ibid. Restored to their Honours 502 Biddle an Infamous seducer 369 Blake blocks up Prince Rupert at Lisbon 256 At Lisbon again 267. A wary Commander 366. At Porto-Ferina defeats the Pyrates 372. Sails for the Coast of Spain 381. His desperate attempt upon the Spaniard in Sancta Cruz Fight 391. Fires the Spanish Fleet there ibid. Dies returning into England 402. His Character and Funeral ibid. Blackburn vide Moris Blackness yielded 288 Blechingdon-house 74 Blood attempts the Crown 580 Bourdeaux French Embassador owns Cromwel 359 Boys Sir John 62 Boyle Dean his management of affair with Cromwel about Articles for the English 252 Booth Sir George riseth in Cheshire 424 Defeated and taken 425. Sent to the Tower and Examined by Vane and Haslerig 426. Obtains his liberty of the Rump uppon Bail 433 Bramhal Dr. dies 522 Bradshaw the bold President of the high Court of Iustice 106 to 217. Dies 430 Bradshaw Agent at Hamburg and Denmark 334 Brain sent General to Jamaica 381 Brandenburghers 547 Mortogh O Brian lays down last Armes in Ireland 356 Breda the place of Treaty 560. English Embassadors there ibid. Plenipotentiaries meet Peace concluded 563 Bristol intended to be surprized for the King 45 46. Taken by his Forces 47. By Fairfax 87 Bristol Earl honoured with the Garter 344 Bridgewater taken 82 Brickbat flung at the Protector 's Coach 358 Broughton Col. 296 Broughil Lord lands in Munster with Forces from England 246. Defeats David Roch and hangs the Bishop of Ross 252. Brown Major-General 57. Reconciled to the King at Holmby 128. In a new designe discovered 434 Brown Bushel beheaded 285 Brooks Lord killed 42 Brunt-Island taken 294 Brunswick besieged and surrendred 583 Buchanan's Book burnt in Scotland 526 Buckingham Duke 177. sent into Holland 584 Buckhurst Lord c. 505 Burleigh Capt. 163 Butler Col. Richard taken 242 C Cahiâ— Castle weakly yielded 521 Calamy Minister Committed 514 Canons made against the Church of Rome and justifying this 12 Capel Lord Tryed and Sentenced 228. and Beheaded his noble deportment 229 Carlisle Earl sent into Sweden 572 Cavalcaâ—e and Procession from 474 to 486 Campeach taken 520 Canary prohibited 556 Candia besieged 559. Surrendred 577 Carlisle yielded to the Scots 106 Carnarvan slain 50 51 Casimire King of Poland dies in France 590 Carrick taken by Treachery 247. Attempted in vain to be recovered from Colonel Reynolds 248 Carteret Sir George Governour of Jersey 255 Castlehaven Earl for the King in Ireland and against the Nuntio's party 238 Casualties 315 Cavaliers to depart London 258. Conspire against Cromwel 366. Their Plot again discovered 401. They Plot against the Rump 423 Ceremonies in Religion one main cause of the War opposed and murmured at 2 3 Cessation granted by the Scots upon very difficult terms 15 Cessation agreed in Ireland 53 Chains of Gold and Medals given to the chief Sea-Officers 349 Chaloner Chute Speaker dies 416 Chancery regulated 368 Character of the Kings Iudges 196 to 203 Charles Prince in the Downs 175. At Goree in Holland 176 Charles the second Proclaimed King by dispersed papers 225 Chester Charter taken away 427 Chichister City 42 Chepstow-Castle taken by Sir Nicholas Kemish 171 St. Christophers and the Cariby Islands subdued 307 Christmass day Celebrated 398 City Alarm'd with a pretended Plot 403 City invite Parliament and Army to dinner 429. Send Sword-bearer to Gen. Monke 435. Their Gates and Portcullices pulled down 437 City and Companies feasts the General 438 Their joy upon the King's return 453 Lend the King Money 575 528 551 City Building begins 556 Citadels built in Scotland 313 Claypool's Lady dies buried 404 Dr. Clargis also Mr. Caryl Minister c. sent to Gen. Monke in Scotland 432 Clanrickard Marq. his services 249. Substituted Lord-Governour of Ireland 251. Defeated by Col. Axtel 277. Lays down his Arms 324 Clubmen 83 Clement Gregory 255 Clifford Lord made Lord Treasurer 588. Resignes his Staff 591 Clogher Bishop defeated 267 Clonmel yielded after a stout resistance 252 Colchester Siege 175 Cock-matches and Horse-races prohibited 359 Committee appointed for inspection of Charters 381. Committee of Safety 429. Like not themselves declare for another Parliament 433 Common-prayer abolished 69 Commonwealth altered by Cromwel 338 Composition 88 Compton Dr. made Bishop of Oxford 599 Commissioners in Scotland 166 Commission of the Great Seal altered 359 Commissioners for approbation of Ministers 359 Commissioners to treat with the King at the Isle of Wight 183 Commissioners to General Monke from the City 436 Commissioners to the King at Breda arrive at the Hague 447 Commissioners of the Treasury 563. To take account of publick Money ibid. To hear Seamens complaints 564 Cologne Treaty 594 Colmaer Battle 601 Colliers the Dutch designe 337 Confederate party of Irish Rebels 250 Confirmation of Acts 500 Constable Sir William dies and buried in Hen. 7th's Chappel 373 Contents of the Kings Declaration from Breda 445 Convocation in England grant 5th part of their Livings to Scotch War 12 Convention in Ireland 440 Conway Lord defeated 13 Coronation of the King 475 to 496 Cotterel Sir Charles sent to Brussels 532 Court erected for rebuilding the City 556 County-troops established 373 Councellors several Privy-Councillors made 584 Covenant first in Scotland what 7. Taken 45. Burnt by the Hangman 498 to 500 Council of State erected 226. New chosen 258 named by Cromwel 343. Supream power named by the Rump 421. A new one appointed 435 Courts of Iustice in Ireland 332 Courts â—it in the interval of the Rupture by Lambert 343 Coot Sir Charles defeats the Irish 250 267 305. His Stratagem on Galloway in Ireland for a free Parliament 438. Died 503 Cooper a Minister Executed 278 Corke vide Youghal Cowley Abr. dies 564 Craven Lord his Case 291 365 offered again to the Parliament but deferred by the Protector 392 Crew Dr. Bishop of Durham 599 Crosses demolished 45 Cromwel Lieutenant-General at Marston-moor at Islip 59 74 112 His Conspiracy in seizing the King at Holmby 129. Complements and Courts the King 144. And then abuseth him 147. Awes the Votes of Non-addresses 162. His Politicks on People City and King 163. Collogues the City and Parliament for fear of the Scots 165. Marcheth into Scotland 178. Makes the Scots disband 179. Treacherously surprizeth the Levellers his subtile Clemency 234. Graduated at Oxford ibid. And presented and treated by the City of London 234. Made Lord-Governour of Ireland 237. Lands there ibid. Storms Tredagh his cruelty and policy there Winter-quarter at Youghal 254. Sent for by Letters leaves Ireland and Ireton in
chief there 253 266. His cruelty to the English Cavaliers ibid. Arrives in England 267. Made Gen. for Scotch Expedition 268. His Sophistry with the Scots 271. Marcheth for Sterling 275. his progress in Scotland 279. Alarms the Scots 283. At Glascow sick 289. His designe upon the Parliament 324. A Dictator 343. Made Protector and Installed at Westminster 354. The module of Government and his Oath ibid. Proclaimed and gratulated 355. Names his Privy-council ibid. Invited to dinner by the City and dines there 357. Supplies the Courts with able Iudges ibid. Concludes a Peace with the Dutch ibid. His designes to secure himself 358. Falls from the Coach-box in Hide-park 363. Calls a Parliament Sept. 3d. his speech to them and designes 363 364. His designes in the West-Indies 365. His Mother dieth buried in state in Hen. 7th's Chappel 366. His Cabal with the French Cardinal 369. His Conspiracy with the King of Sweden and the Prince of Transilvania 373. Affronted by Coney a Merchant 374. Gives preferments and sends his son Henry to command in Ireland 358. His oppression of the Loyal party 378. His designe in setting up Major-Generals 378. To awe the Parliament new called 381. Treats with the Iews about a Toleration 379. Allows 200 l. towards Bishop Usher's Funeral 380. Excludes divers Members ibid. Congratulated by his Convention on Syndercomb's Plot 385. His designe is motioned to take the Title of a King 386. The danger makes him refuse it 390 Assists the French with 6000 men 391. Confirmed in his former Dignity of Protector 392. Signes several Acts 392. His speech to the Parliament containing Thanks for the Money-Acts 392. His Investiture and Inauguration in the Protectorship 394. Frighted at a Book 395. Sends Embassadors to mediate betwixt the Dane and Swede 397. Advanceth and prefers his Children 398. Swears his Privy-council ibid. Chooseth another House 399. The frame of his Government questioned by the Parliament 401. He dissolves them ibid His policy in discharging Sheriffs of their pences at Assizes 401. In fears and troubled condition 402. Falls sick his Family and himself vainly presumptuous of his recovery Dies 408. His Character ibid. Sixty thousand pound allotted for the expence of his Funerals from 411 to 413 Cromwel Bradshaw and Ireton digged up and hanged at Tybourn 432 Cromwel Henry tamely surrenders Ireland 423 Crosby betrays Kingsale Condemned 248 Cumberland Earlâ— 44 Cyrencester 42 D Danemark War declared against it 556 Daniel Col. John Articles 252 Davison c. kills a Souldier at St. James's 379 Daws Capt. his courage 560 Davis a Water-man betrays Lord Capel 220 Declaration of the King conecrning the Act of Vniformity 514 Declaration of Cromwel upon dissolution of Parliament 340 to 343. Of the Rump 420 Decimation of Cavaliers 378 Delinquents Capital and otherwise qualified 229 Democracy established in the City 231 Denbigh Earl killed 44 Dennington Castle Besieged and stoutly defended and yielded 98 Denial Self order 67 126 Denmark King 225. Dies 577 Deploration of the loss before Dublin the causes thereof 242 Derby Earl corresponds with the King 234. Discovered ibid. Ioyns with the King in Lancashire 295. Defeated at Wigan and flies to Worcester 296. Taken at Newport Sentenced by a Court-Marshal Beheaded at Bolton 302 303. Derby-house Committee formerly the Committee of Safety 166 De Ruyter sayls for New-found-land 540. Returned to Holland 541. Made Admiral ibid. De Ruyter and Tromp fall out 554. Presented by the Cornish Gentlemen 562 Desborough Col. and others summoned 549 Dean General slain 344 Devizes 46 Digby Lord honoured with the Order of the Garter at Paris 344 Dignities conferred by the King 455 Dillon Lord at Baggot-rath 242 Directory 125 126 Disorders and divisions the ruine of the Irish Army 251 Dives Sir Lewis escapes 220 Divisions among the Scots fomented by Cromwel 271 Dorrington Sir Francis 63 Dorislaus slain at the Hague 236 Downing Sir George 448. Sent into Holland 528 529. Presses for answer to the King's demands 582. Returns ibid. He is Committed ibid. Drogheda besieged and taken by Cromwel and a bloody Massacre there 244 Dublin besieged by the Marq. of Ormond 241. Siege raised and Besiegers routed 242 Duckenfield Lieutenant-Colonel stops the Speakers Coach 429 Dunbarton yielded 308 Dunslo pacification 10 Dundalk taken 23. Retaken 25 Dundee stormed by Gen. Monke 301 Dunferling Earl to London 10 Dumfreize Riot there 557 Dunkirk taken by the Spaniards 325. Siege 405. The Battle there ibid. A defeat given the Spaniard 406. Yielded and put into the English possession 407. Restored to the French 512 Dunotter-Castle yielded 313 Dury's religious Cabal in Germany 377 Dutch Embassadors to Oxford 57. Commerce and Fishing molested at Sea 308. War towards ibid. Send Embassadors to treat ibid. Embassadors extenuate and mediate the Rupture their Papers and our States answer thereunto 320 321. Fleet gives the English a go-by in the North-Seas and comes into the Downâ— 344. Engage with the English ibid. Defeated 345. Send to England in order to Peace ibid. Trade at a stand 346. Their Embassadors have Audience of the Protector 355. Peace and private Articles of it against the Prince of Orange 357. Magnificently treat the King 448. Surprised by the Turk 524. Complain by the English 525. House resolves therein ibid. King declares himself ibid. Bravado 528. Bourdeaux-fleet taken 529. A Dutch Libel 530. Dutch arrive in Guernsey 530. Their Smyrna-fleet encountered by Captain Allen 536. Reprisals granted against them 531. Dutch War declared ibid. Dutch Libel ibid. Dutch Embassie proves fruitless 531. Dutch Manufactures prohibited 532. Cashire the English Officers 533. Dutch Imbargo in France 534. Dutch ibid. Dutch Libel 535. Ill treated in Russia 536. Dutch lost in China 541. Make peace with the Dane 548. Dutch attempt Brunt-Island 560. Sheerness ibid. Come up the River 561. At Harwich ibid. At Wenbury in Devonshire 562. At Cowland in Cornwal ibid. Dutch lose several Towns 585. Dutch Mutinies 586. Dutch East-Indie-fleet escape the English 587. Dutch Magistrates changed Dutch make peace with the Bishop of Munster 600. Dutch take the Island of Normantier from the French ibid. E Earles of Pembroke and Holland sent with a Declaration of the fears of the Parliament to the King 31. Answered ibid. Earls created 470 Earthquake in Cheshire 395 East-Indie ships Dutch taken 541 Edinburgh entred by Cromwel 275. Castle yielded 280 Elector Prince Palatine comes to London departs taken in France 10 Elections for a free Parliament 440 Elizabeth Princess dies 276 Emperor his Brother dies 146. Makes peace with the Turk 147. Offers to mediate 584. His Forces marched 597 Enfield-chace a Skirmish there 423 Engagement annulled 439 England and the Dominions made a free State by Act 235 English under Lord Marquiss Ormond and Inchiqueen disbanded and dismist by the Irish 252 Eniskillon delivered to Sir Charles Coot 250 Episcopacy re-established here 456. And in Scotland 503 Escapes of divers Cavaliers 227 Escurial burnt 583 Essex Earl Lieutenant-General of Foot against the Scots 9. General
of the Parliament Forces departs London 38. Attends the King's motion 39. Fights at Edge-hill retreats to Coventry 40 41. Relieves Gloucester 49. At Newberry 50. At Theal Redding London 52. Marches reduce the West 58. Pounded at Lestithiel and escapes with Lord Roberts by Boat to Plymouth 58. Resignes his Commission 72. Dies 124 Earl of Essex Lord-Deputy 587 Essex County joyns with Lord Goring Sir Charles Lucas and Sir George Lisle 174 Estate of the Kingdom in a sad condition after the death of the King 124 125 Everts taken 536. dismist ibid. Exchange Royal finished 574 Exchequer shut 582 Execution of the Kings Iudges 466 Exeter yielded and Articles 98 99. Engagement forced by the Independant-party for the Parliament to live and die with the Army City refuse the Parliaments Orders and Acts 231. Tumults about a free Parliament Excise 157 Exclusion of secluded Members 229. F Fairfax General in Commission 74. Marcheth 75. Is cajoled to manage the seizure of the King Made Generallissimo and Constable of the Tower 141. Marcheth against the Levellers 234. Complemented and graduated at Oxford with Cromwel and Lambert ibid. Magnificently treated and presented by the City ibid. Lays down his Commission 268. Arms against Lambert 434 Faulkland Lord-Viscount slain 51 Fanshaw Sir Richard Embassador in Spain 525 Fatality among the Clergy 504 Farrel Lieutenant-General of Ulster-Army 245. Put into Waterford to defend it 247 Farewel to the Scotch-War Fast general 540 Faulkner perjured 291 Faulconbridge Lord Arms against Lambert sent to Venice 575 Fee-farm Rents 455 Feak Parson 540 Fiennes Lord Commissioner Fifth-Monarchists plot against Cromwel 366 FIGHTS at Newborn with the Scots 13 Worcester in the Lanes 40. Brainford 41. Yarum 42. Wakefield 43. At Liscard ibid. Caversham-bridge ibid. Hopton-heath 44. Bramham-moor ibid. Chalgrave-field 45. Stratton ibid. Middleton-Cheney Lansdown 46. Round-way-down ibid. Adderton-heath and Bradford 47. Stow in the Wold 49. Auburn-chace 50. Newark at the relief of it by Prince Rupert 56. Brandia or Cherington 57. Cropredy 58. Lidbury 74. Sherburn 90. Torrington 93. Saint Fagons 171. Maidstone 174. At Dublin 241. Muscleborough 264. Warrington 295. Wigan 296 Fincher Mayor vide Pye resigned Finch Sir Heneage his Reading 501. Made Lord-Keeper 594 Fire in London 554. In the Horse-Guards 556. In Fleet-street 368. Another at Aberfoyle in Scotland ibid. Another in Thred-needle-street 368. At Lambeth 373. At St. Johnstons in Scotland 381 Fleet sent under Hamilton to the Frith in Scotland 9 Fleet Spanish denied protection and ruined by the Dutch in the Downs 11 Fleet returns to the Prince Earl of Warwick imployed against them as Admiral 175 176. Fleets Dutch and English at Shetland 322 Fleet under Pen from Jamaica accidents of the return 376 Fleet declare their Royal acceptance c. 446 Fleet English 532. Beats the Hollander 538. English Hamburgh-fleet taken 538. Rendezvouz ibid. Fleet ready 250. Divided ibid. Fleets Engage ibid. Engage again 552. Out again 553 Fleets Engaged 584. Fleets Engaged 591 Fleetwood made Deputy of Ireland 366. More of him Forrain Princes how affected to our States 254 Forces from Ireland to assist the King 53. Surprized and defeated 54. Sent by Cromwel to assist the French 391. Vnder Earl Inchiqueen to Portugal 511 Fornication Act 225 Fray likely at Westminster At Tower-hill Fundamentals of the Army French prohibit English Cloath and are prohibited their Wines 255. Conclude a peace with Cromwel 377. Their Fleet taken by Blake 325. At Gigery 533. Embassadors in England 535. King supplies the Dutch 544. Declares against England ibid. Embassadors beaten and Imprisoned in Turkey 558. Lays claim to the Low-Countries breaks with Spain 579. Invades Lorrain 579. Breaks with the Dutch 583 Free Parliament noised 434 Frigats of Brest rove at sea 356 Furstenburgh Count seized 598 G Gates and Portcullices of London pulled down 437 Gayland 522 523. Makes peace 532. Transports himself for Tangier 571 Gell Sir John Sentenced 270 A General required by Officers of the Army 439 Gentry secured over England 373 Gerrard Col. John and Sir Gilbert 538. Col. John beheaded 361 Gibbons Sentenced 290 Glencarn Earl submits to the English 362. Prisoner in Edenburgh 380. Chair-man to the Scotch Convention 432 Gloucester Duke born 13. With the King at Colen from the Iesuits at Paris 365. Dies 456 Gloucester Siege and Summons and Relief by Essex 49. Walls demolished 512. Cathedral begged 381 Godolphin Sir Will. Knighted and sent into Spain 568 Goff Col. friend to Richard Cromwel 417 Goring Col. into France 39 Goring Lord Condemned but saved 228 Goodman Bishop refuseth to subscribe Canons against the Church of Rome 12 Good Old Cause 417 Grace Colonel 324 Graigs Town 245 Grantham Col. killed 380 Grantham Town 44 Granger a Forger 256 Greenvile Sir John 445. Rewarded by the Parliament and City 446 Greenvile Sir Bevil 46 Great Cities and Towns in Ireland refuse to admit Garrisons which proved their ruine 244. Accept of them at last upon condition the English be dismist Cavaliers and others 251 Grey Lord Grooby 291 Groves Col. vide Penruddock Guiny Relation 535 Guernsey-castle stormed 284. A designe uppon it discovered 554 Gunning Dr. in Divinity his Congregation seized and plundred for celebrating Christmass 398 Gurney Lord Mayor in the Tower 34 Guthury and Giffan Hanged 497 H Haberdashers-Hall 129 Hackney-coaches regulated 368 Haddington Earl blown up by Gunpowder in Scotland 14 15 Hamilton Marquiss the Kings Commissioner into Scotland at London 7. Prisoner to Pendennis-castle 52. Defeated and taken Prisoner 178 Hamilton Duke tryed and sentenced 228. Beheaded 229 Hamond Col. secures the Kings person 151. His baseness 163. Shot in Ireland ibid. Hannam the Infamous Thief breaks Prison and escapes 376. Hanged 381 Harman Capt. his Exploit 595. Beats the Dutch 564 Harrisons impudence in bringing the King to London 193. A main man for the little Parliament outed and dissatisfied 353. Apprehended 453 Harris a great Cheat 368 Harvey Sir Daniel sent to Constantinople 568 Hazelrig Sir Arthur seizes Portsmouth 433. returns to Westminster and is thanked by the Rump 435. Dies 474 Healing Parliament 470 Henrietta Princess 469 Henchman Dr. Bishop of London 524 Hertford Marquiss 38 Heresies and Schismes 368 Hewit Dr. seized 404. Tried and Beheaded ibid. Hewson Col. made Master of Arts in Oxford 234 Marcheth into London 433 Hide Sir Henry beheaded 285 Highland-War in Scotland its account 361 362. Hinde the High-way man 303 Hispaniola expedition from 369 to 372 Holland Earl Lieutenant-General of Horse against the Scots 9. Rising at Kingston and defeated 177. Tryed and Sentenced 228. Executed in Palace-yard Westminster 229 Hollis Lord Embassador into France 522. Returns for England 550 Holmes Major Committed 532. Discharged ibid. Enters the Vly 553. Attacques the Dutch Fleet 582. Holstein Duke 255 Honours and Dignities denied to some Male-Contents another cause of the Scotch troubles 4. Honours given by the King vacated 292 Hopton Lord 42. Disbanded honourably after many services and Victories at Truro in Cornwal 96 97 Horse-races and
〈…〉 and Lambert fall out 428. Vote away Lambert's and eight more Field-commission Officers ib. Outed by Lambert 429. Reseated 43 〈…〉 ter company added to them 438. Arms defaced 446 Rupert Prince 40 44. And throughout the War Leaves Kingsale and puts to Sea with a Fleet 254. Blockt up at Lisbon 256 267. His Fleet dispersed and some taken 275. From Taulon to Sea 289. Seizeth Spanish ships why 293. In France â—37 General at Sea 550. Divides 〈…〉 yns again and fights 551 Russia Emperor 255. Embassadors Rycaut Paul returns from Constantinople 520 S. Sad condition of the Irish 333 Safety a Committee 429 Sales of the King 's Queen's Prince's Dâ—â—ns and Chapters Lands and Houses 256. Of Kings Houses agreed on but avoyded by Cromwel â—â—â— Salisbury River begun to be made 〈…〉 â—â—â— Sanzeime Battle 600 Salmasius his Royâ—l defence 236 Salters-Hall Commissioners for sale of prisoners Estates stopt 359 Sanderson Bishop dies 514 Saul Major Executed 278 Sandwich Earl keeps the Sea 528. Takes the Dutch East-Indie-fleet 541. He is sent Embassador into Spain 545. Arrives at Madrid 550. Sent to Portugal 569 Scalborough to the King by Brown Bushel 44. Yielded to the Parliament 193 Savoy and Genoa at odds 547 566 590. Saxony Duke installed Knight of the Garter by Proxey 580 Scilly Island rendred by Sir John Greenvile 288 289 Scot Robinson sent to meet Gen. Monk 435 Scotch troubles about English Liturgy and Book of Canons 3. Arm 1638. And desire the King of France's assistance 9. Cunningly agree upon a Pacification abuse the King who is betrayed by his Servants 10. War resumed proclaimed Rebels treated with soon after 15. Peace ratified in Parliament ibid. Favour the Parliaments cause 35. Enter England with an Army for the Covenant 56. At Hereford 87. Iuggle with and sell the King 120. Parliament dispute about the disposal of the King 115 Commissioners sence of the Parliaments Bills and Proposals Presbyters murther sâ—veral Scotch Gentlemen 164. Prepare a War under Hamilton 165 166. Enter England under Duke Hamilton 177. Defeated 178. Hamilton prisoner ibid. Scotland detests the Murther of the King and proclaims Charles the second at Edinburgh and expostulates with the Regicides at Westminster 232 Scots defeat a Royal party in the North of Scotland 333. Send Commissioners to the King 233. Defeated in Ulster in Ireland by Sir Charles Coot 247. They send Commissioners to the King 257. Their Names Except against Malignants their other terms 257. They endeavour to unite 274 Cavaliers admitted into Trust 282. Pass an Act of Oblivion 290. Encamped in Torwood 292. Noblemen taken at Elliot in Scotland and sent Prisoners to the Tower others of the Nobility submit 302. The reasons 304. Kirk reject the English Vnion 307. Deputies ordered to be chosen by the Commissioners 310. The affairs of the Kingdom ibid. Several Scots Earls and Noblemen taken after Worcester 298 New Great Seal 56. Great Seal broken 128 Sea-fight the first between us and the Dutch in the Downs an account of it 315 to 320 Second Sea-fight between Sir Geo Ayscue and De Ruyter at Plymouth 325 Third Sea-fight between Blake and De Wit in the North-Foreland 326 327. Fourth Sea-fight at Portland 335 Fifth Sea-fight at Leghorn betwixt Captain Appleton and Van Gallen 337 Sixth Sea-fight betwixt Gen. Monke Dean and Blake and Van Tromp behinde the Goodwyn-Sands 345 Seventh Sea-fight betwixt Gen. Monke and Tromp 346 to 349 Sea-men encouraged 534 Secluded Members restored and reseated Sieges and Skirmishes in Ireland 274 Selden John dies 366 Seneffe Battle 601 Serini beats the Turk 52. Is killed 533 Sexby Col. dies 398 Shaftsbury Earl Lord Chancellor 588 Dr. Sheldon Arch-bishop of Canterbury 523 Sheriffs discharged of expenses at Assizes 401 Ship-money voted illegal 17. The nature of it 16 17 Ships blown up neer London-bridge 361 Shrewsbury 38 39 71 Sickness in London 539. Abates 544 Skippon Major-General Articles for the Infantry at Lestithiel 58 Skirmishes Brill Ast-ferry 64 Slanning Sir Nicholas 46 Slingsby Sir Henry decoyed 304. Tryed and Beheaded 404 Smith Sir Jeremy keeps the Mediterranean Seas 544 Soissons Count Embassador hither 456 Sonds Freeman kills his Brother and is hanged 380 Southampton Earl 163 Spalding-Abby fell and killed 23 persons 380 Spaniard owns the English Commonwealth 278 Sprague Sir Edward sent into Flanders 569. Commands in the Streights 578. Destroys the Algerines 581. Returns 583. Spoyls the Dutch fishing 588 Stacy Edmond Executed 404 States of England pretended declare the maintenance of Laws 227. Are guilty of the Irish Rebellion with which they taxed the King 237. Erect a new Council of State 283. Proclaim the King Traitor and are in great fear and dispair at his entring England 294 Stamford Earl 42 Statues of the late King and King James pulled down and the Inscription writ under that at Old Exchange 269 Steel Recorder of London refuseth to be Knighted by Oliver 357. Made Lord-Chancellor of Ireland 366. Made Lord Chief-Baron of England 373 Stawel Sir John ordered for Tryal 229. At High Court of Iustice 279 Sterling-Castle taken 361 Sterry Oliver's Chaplain his Blasphemy 409 Strafford Earl Commander in chief against the Scots 13. Accused to the Parliament 15. To the Black-rod and Tower 16. Tryal 18. His willing resignation his attainder ibid. And deâ—th 19 St. Germain a Proclamation against him 602 St. John and Strickland Embassadors to the Dutch their business and departure 285 286 287. St. John 357. Stickles in the Council of State for terms with the King 440 Stratton Baron Lord Hopton dies 328 Straughan Col. 280 Stroker 540 Stuart Lord John killed 57. With Sir John Smith Col. Scot and Sandys and Colonel Manning ibid. Stuart Lord Bernard slain 89 Submission of the Irish 324 Sunderland Earl slain 51 Summons for persons of Integrity to take upon them the Government by Council of state 345 Sums of Money raised by the Parliament Supplies to Jamaica 377 Surrenders several 91. As Basing Tiverton Exeter Sheford 91 92 Surrenders in Ireland 270 Surinam 557 Surrey Petitioners assaulted 172 Sweden Queen supplies Montross 255. Complies with our States 358. Receives Whitlock ibid. Gives our Soveraign an interview 376 Sweden King invades Poland 373 Swedes stand firm for England 549. Besiege Bremen 559. Mediations excepted 560. Embassador dies in London 566. Makes peace with the Dutch 567. King presented with the Garter 572. Installed by Proxie 580. Ioyn with the French 597 Sydenham Major slain at Linlithgow 288 Syndercomb's Plot and death 384 385. T Tabaco taken by the English 591 Tables erected in Scotland 7 Tadcaster 42 Taffalette routed and slain 579. Moors beaten 581. Earl of Middleton Governour and makes peace with the Moors 594 Taaff Lord sent against Cromwel 246 Taaff Luke Major-General 248 Tangier 504. Iews expelled 525. Lord Bellasis Governour there 537. Moors beaten there 573 Tartar taken in Germany 526 Taylor the Kings Resident with the Emperour 329 Taxes a mark on them 331 Teviot Earl killed 527 Temple Sir William concludes â— League
of Maritime affairs with the Dutch 566. Extraordinary Embassador in Holland 568 Thurlo Secretary to Oliver 357 Theatre at Oxford finished 573 Tickle Captain Executed for treasonable designe of yielding Kilkenny 250 Tiddiman assails at Bergen 541 Timptallon-castle yielded 283 Tinmouth-castle by Lilburn for the King 179 Tomkins and Challoner Executed 47 Tower-street Powder-blow 25â— Traquair Earl Kings Commissâ—in Scotland 10 Treaty personal voted 180. Sir John Hippesly and Mr. Bulkly sent to the King a prisoner in Carrisbrook-castle 181. Begun and managed 183. So as ended 187. All that subscribed it voted by the Iuncto remaining to be uncapable of bearing Offices 193 Treavor Sir John made Secretary 569 Treavors Col. sides with the Marq. of Ormond engaged at the Siege of London-Derry intercepts Arms going from Monke to O Neal 240 Trial of the Kings Iudges 469 Trump Van defeats Blake in the Downs 330 in triumph to Guernsey Rochel 331 returns 335. Is killed 347. Buried and his Elegie 349 Tumults in Endinburg about the Common-prayer 5. The Bishop of that City in danger of life ib. Excused but recommended in London and at White-hall-gates 25. Encrease and drive away the Court 26. Against the Parliament 138 to 140 Tumults in London against Army and Rump 433 Tunbridge and Red-hill designe 424 Turner tryed and hanged 521 Turk besieges New-hausel 525. Surrendred 526. Defeated 527. Makes peace with the Emperour 533. His Embassadors Secretary turns Christian 548 Tuscany Duke comes into England 569. Gives the King two Gallies 575 V Vane Sir Henry tried beheaded 510 511 Vavasor Sir William goes beyond Sea after Marston-fight 61 Varny Sir Edward slain at Drogheda 244 Vaughan Sir Will. slain at Baggot Rath 242 Vaughan Sir John Lord Chief-Iustice 568 Ven a Colonel at Windsor 39 Venables General 369 St. Venant taken 396 Venetian Embassador in England 569 Venner's Insurrection and Trial and Execution 505 510 511 Vernon Sir Ralph 367 Vicariat of the Empire 397 Vieuville a French Marquiss slain 50 These are y e cheife of them that came to David to Ziklag and they were among y e mighty men helpers of the Warr. Croâ— 1.12.2 * We doubt not to evince to your Majesty that his Excellency and the Army under his Command c. have complied with the Obligations for which they were raised The Preservation of the Protestant Religion the honour and happiness of the King the Priviledges of Parliament the Liberty and Propriety of the Subject and the Fundamental Laws of the Land Vide Declaration of the Army May 1660. Distractions and Confusions about Church-Ceremonies In a Conference about them justified by K. James Fresh Commotions about them raised by Pryn Bastwick Burton and Lilburn All Pillori'd and Crop'd Pryn stigmatized they are fined and imprisoned Lilburn whipt at Carts tail Bishop Williams fined 10000 l. Troubles break out in Scotland England and Scotland United Scotland well setled Endeavours for conformitie in Discipline Articles of Perth Common-Prayer endeavoured to be introduced in Scotland The Kings Revocation cause of Tumults Laid upon the Bishop Commission of Superioritie and Tythes Honours and Titles adde to the Troubles Libels tax the Parliament Libeller fled Balmerino apprehended Strange Tumult abâ—ut reading Common-Prayer The Rabble continued their madness Proclamation against them Magistrates profess a detestation but soon joyned with them Ministers recant reading Service Petition against it and thereby endanger insurrection Proclamation to depart the City removing Term and seizing a Libel Another Insurrection Bishop of Galloway in danger Traquair and Wigton came to his relief with no less danger They send to the Provost and Bailiffs of Edinburgh for relief who were as bad or worse used A Conference but in vain Traquair troden down Another Proclamation against unlawful Assemblies but not regarded The Rabble petition Their petition sent to the King who by Proclamation resents the affronts of his chief Ministers Hume and Lindsey justifie the matter Four Tables A Covenant resolved on The King highly incensed thereat Hamilton sent unto Scotland They slight him and strengthen themselves Term returned to Edinburgh By Declaration Service and Canons dispensed with The Covenanters protest against it Hamilton having given the King an account of affairs is sent againâ— and enters a Treaty He returns to England hath power given him to satisfie the Scots if possible The Assembly at Glasgow Bishops excluded They protest against it They continue fitting notwithstanding a Proclamation to dissolve them Arguile owns the Covenanters The Scots arm Queen-Mother arrives The Scots have a competent Army The King raists an Army Arundel General-Hamilton commands the Fleet. A Declaration by the King The Assembly answers The Earls of Roxborough and Traquair Commissioners from the Covenanters Committed and released A Treaty began and soon ended The Parliament of Scotland proregued The Assembly abolish Episcâ—pacie Their Parlialiament adjourned They send the Earl of Dumfermling and Lord Loudon with a Remonstrance Loudon committed and released The P. Elector Palatine came into England Departed and taken by the French Released and returning â—nto England was allowed 8000 l. per annum A Sea-fight between the Flemings and the Spaniards The Hollanders worsted But in conclusion become Victors An ill Omen Lord Estrich Col. Ruthen and others sent to repair Edenburgh Castle they were resisted by the Covenanters The Nobility Gentry and Clergy assist the King with mony for the carrying on of the War Supplies from Ireland Lord Keeper Coventry dieth Succeeded by Sir John Finch A Parliament summoned They favour the Scots Are backward in assisting the King with mony Are dissolved The Convocation of the Clergy sit and assist the King with mony They make new Canons in opposition to Popery and the the Scotch Covenant Bishop Goodman dissents And is admonished by A. B. Laud. Tot said A. B. Libelled and his house assaulted Some of the factioâ— imprisoned and rescued Bensted a Seaman hanged The Scotch Army advance towards England Henry Duke of Glocester bâ—â—n The Earl of Northumberland General of the Kings Army Earl of Strafford Lieut. General The King comes to Northallerton Newborn sight Aug. 29. Gen. Lesley Earl of Leven engageth with the Lord Conway and â—â—â—eats him Sir Jacob Ashley deserts Newcastle that and Durham render themselves to Gen. Lesley The Earl of Stafford complains of the Lord Conway The Earl of Haddington the Scots M. G. with 20 Knights and Gentlemen slain at Dunglass The Scots proclaimed Traytors and the Kings Royal Standard set up at York The Scots petition the King and are answered by the Earl of Lanerick The Lords of England summoned to appear at York They agree to call a Parliament A Treaty of peace at Rippon The English insist on a Cessation The Scots refuse and propound 4 Praeliminaries The Earl of Strafford adviseth the King to fight them But in conclusion These Articles were agreed on The Parliament set they question several Bishops and Iudges and vote down Monopolies Mr. pym sent from the Commons to the Lords with an
Stapleton The Parliaments Declaration wherein they make the King the Author of the War Their Votes of Non-address to the King 16 Janua 1647. None to apply themselves to him without leave from bâ—th Houses Whosoever doth to â—â—â—r the penalties of High Treason That they will receive no more Messages from the K. and enjoyn all persons not to bring any frâ—m him They publish another Remonstâ—â—nce 〈◊〉 Arthur Haslerig 's Brother subâ—ras one Smallinâ— to vilifie the K. Col. Hamond tuâ—â—s away his Majesties Servants The King a clâ—se Prisoner Captain Burleigh beaâ—s â— Drum in the Island for the King He is supprest and seized by Col. Hamond Major Rolf accused for designing the Kings death Seized in Bishops-gate-street Capt. Burleigh Executed at Winchester Feb. 10. Rolf quitted by Ignoramus by the same Iury. Rainsborough commanded by the Parliament to guard the Island The Army declare for the Parliament Many gallant persons put to death in Scotland Col. Nathaniel Gordon and another oâ— his â—ame executed at St. Johnstons Sir Robert Spotswood executed Mr. Andrew Guthery and Mr. William Murray executed Lord Ogleby â—â—ap s. Ferdinando Lord Fairfax â—â—th of a Gangrene Maâ—q of Ormond 〈◊〉 Dublin to Col. Jones The Marquess attends the King Goes into France thence into Ireland Col. Jones routed Col. Jones kills 5470 Irish nâ—er Trim. Preston hardly escapes and joyns with O Neal. The Lord Inchiqueen defeates the Lord Taaf Declares for the King and joynâ—th with the said Lord. The English Faction Treat with O Neal. The Lord Inchiqueens Commission taken from him The House of Lords scruple the Vâ—tâ— of Noâ—-Addresses they at last pasâ— it and are 〈◊〉 by the 〈◊〉 The Independents Propose to unite all Interests in the Houses City and Army Cromwel makes a speech to that pâ—râ—â—â—â—â—e is confronted Glover sent to the City and rejected Cromwel troubled thereat The Scots Commissioners signifie their desires and depart home The Committee at Derby-house gâ—ows powerful The Parliament sent Commissioners into Scotland The Scots set forth an angry Declaration That and their Covenant is slighted The Scots mad 〈◊〉 an Expedition His Majesties elegant Declaration in Answer to the Votes of no further Addresses The Parliaments Visitation of the University of Oxford â—â—d tâ—ning out oâ— the Loyal aâ—d Learned Schâ—lars The Earl oâ— Pembroke made by them Chancellour of the University Alderman Warner Lord Mayor of London a factious person A Tumuâ—t and Insurrection is London by the Boys and Prentices Apr. 9. Sir Thomas Fairfax with part of the Army enters quells it and disperseth them Kensey and Matthews the one a Vintner the other a Meal-man condemned but reprieved by the mediation of Alderman Tichborn and afterwards pardoned Col. Laughorn Poyer and Powel rise for the King in Wales thâ—y secure Pembroke and Tenby Castles Chopstow Castle 〈…〉 â—â—cholas Kemish and Siâ— John Owen 〈…〉 for the King in North-Wales Col. Hâ—rton sent to 〈◊〉 them Col. Fleming Commands a party against the Royalists he is set upon and routed lays violent hands on himself and dieth St. Fagons fight May 8. Col. Horton defeats Laughorn Cromwel sends Col. Eure to attempt Sir Nich. Kemish Chepstow Castle retaken May 25. Sir Nich. Kemish killed in cold blood Sir Jo Owen ' s Forces suppressed by M. Gen. Mitton and himself taken Cromwel joyns with Horton Tenby stormed and yieldeth Pembroke besieged by Oliver Cromwel Hugh Peters encourageth his Souldiers in his Sermon Pembroke stormed to the besiegers loss But at length delivered Essex Surry and London Petition for Peace The Guards of the Army fall upon them and disperse theâ— some are killed The Kentish Insurrection May 24. They Rendezvouze neer Rochester Lord Goring Earl of Norwich their General The Army yield the Militia again to the City and cajole them Col. Culpeper endeavours to perswade the City to Declare for the King they refuse Skippon madâ— Major-General of London Maidstone fight June 2. The Royalists Roâ—ted Earl of Norwich and Kentish Forces at Black beath wooes the City for passage denied Fâ—rries into Essex June 3. The Essex Forces joyn with him at Bow Sir Charles Lucas their General They seize the Earl of Warwick's Arms and march to Colchester Lord Capel assists them with a party of Horse Sir George Lisle Major-General of the Essex Forces for the King Colchester Siege The Lord Lucas Sir Charles his Brother his House ruined The condition of the besieged They eat horse-flesh The Fleet comes in and render themselves to the Prince July 27. Their Commander Col. Rainsborough set on Shore Vice-Admiral afterwards Sir Will. Batten brings more Ships to the Prince The Prince in Yarmouth Road with the Duke of York Pr. Rupert E. of Brainford Lord Hopton Lord Wilmot Lord Willoughby c. The Prince takes a Hamborough ship Lord Rich Earl of Warwick Admiral for the Parliament ordered to set forth a Fleet. Earl of Warwick at Quinborough the Prince summons him He refuseth Prince Charles with the Fleet at Goree in Holland Pr. Rupert made Admiral Earl of Holland appears in Arms at Kingston July 7. accompanied by the D. of Buckingham the Lord Francis Villiers the young E. of Peterborough the Ld. Petre c. Tâ—â—y are attaqued by Sir Michael Livesy 's Forces and other Parliamentariaâ—s Lord Francis Villiers slain Earl of Holland flies into Huntington shire and is taken by Col. Scroop Col. Dalbier slain Duke of Buckingham and E. of Peterborough escape beyond Sea Earl of Holland sent to Warwick Castle Scotch Army enters England unâ—er command of Duke Hamilton Colonel afterwards Earl of Middleton Major-Gen E. of Calendar Lieâ—t Gen. Sir Marmaduke afterwards Lord Langdale and Sir Philip Musgrave joyn Forces with them Col. Wogan revolts from the Parliament Col. Stuart 's saying on the Stool of Repentance Major-General Lambert opposeth Sir Marmaduke Langdale but forced to retreat Cromwel joyns with Lambert Preston Fight August 17. The Scots defeated Major-General Middleton taken Duke Hamilton flies Is taken by the Lord Gray of Grooby Monro coming to assist Hamilton but returns Cromwel marches into Scotland He is feasted by Argyle His policie in diâ—aâ—minâ— and disbanding the Scots Forces Sir Matthew Boynton Governor of Scarbrough for the King Major Lilburn seizeth Tinmouth Castle for the King It is resurprized for the Parliament The Castle stormed Lilburn and the Souldiers put to the Sword Colchester surrendred August 28. on hard terms Sir Charles Lucas and Sir George Lisle shot to death Aug. 28. Sir Bernard Gascoyn sentenced to be shot to death but reprieved The Londoners continue Neuters A Personal Treaty voted Jun. 30. Resolves That a Personal Treaty with the King be held at the Islâ— of Wight That a Committee be sent to his Majesty to acquaint him therewithal Earl of Middlesex Sir Io. Hippeâ—ley and John Bulkley Esq. delegated â—â— the Parliament to attend on the King His Majesties Answer to the two Houses of Parliament The King chearfully embraceth the overtâ—â—es of Peace Demands of the Parliament to recal those Votes and Orders
Elections for the Free-Parliament St. John stickles in the Council of State for Propositions and Terms with the King A Convention in Ireland A Letter sent to the Rump by the King Lambert escapes from the the Tower April 11. Defeated and taken Apr. 22. Lambert proposeth the restoring of Rich. Protector Lambert dismayed and taken Apr. 22. A Free-Parliament April 22. The Restitution of the King and Kingdom The renowned General the happy instrument of the Restitution The Duke of Ormond the next The King the great Agent All the Loyal Nobility and Gentry And of some formerly engaged against it The King departs to Breda from Brussels Complemented upon his departure Dispatches the L. Mordaunt and Sir John Greenvil from Breda His Majesty's Letter and Declaration was brought Contents of the Declaration Received most hoâ—ourably by the Parliament Parliament resolves thereupon Sir John Greenvil rewarded with a 500 l. Iewel The City of London express the like The Army the same The Fleet also and Dunkirk The Rump's Arms defaced Parliament Resolves towards the King's Restitution Commissioners arrived at the Hague The King prepares to dâ—part King Charles the Second Solemnly Proclaimed The Dutch magnificent Treatment of the King Sir Samuel Moreland and Sir George Downing Duke of York aboard the Fleet. The King departs for England The Speech of the States thereupon The King departs and embarques The King Embarques for England May 23. Lands at Dover May 25. The General meets him at his arrival The King rides to Canterbury The King rides to Canterbury To Rochester at Col. Gibbons To Dartford receives the Declaration of the Army The manner of His Majesties entrance into London The Earl of Manchester's Speech to the King The joy of the City Affairs 〈◊〉 home And in Ireland The King and the Dukes to the House of Lords The King comes to the Parliament and passeth several Acts. A Proclamation for the King's Iudges to render themselves Other persons excepted out of the Act of Oblivion Hutchinson and Lassels crave Pardon Parliament lay hold on his Majesties Declaration from Breda The General dignified with the Title of D. of Albemarle Several Dignities and Offices conferred Fee-farm rents resigned Lord Jermyn Earl of St. Albans Embassador into France Prince de Ligne Count de Soissons Embassador hither Act oâ— Oblivion passed Duke of Gloucester dies Sept. 13. Princess of Orange arrives Sept. Episcopacy re-established The Kings Iudges brought to Tryal Oct. 9. Harrison Waller Heveningham with Adrian Scroop c. Harrison tried Oct. 11. Sir Heneage Finch opens the Indictment The Sentence Col. Adrian Scroop Carew tryed Scot tryed Octob. 12. Gregory Clement Colonel Iones Cook October â—3 Peters Octob. 13. Daniâ—l Axtel Colonel Hacker William Hewlet Daniel Harvey Isaac Pennington Henry Marten Gilbert Millington Alderman Tichburn Owen Roe Robert Lilburn Mr. Smith Downs Potter Garland c. Vincent Potter August Garland Simon Meyn James and Peter Temple Tho. Wayt. Sir Hardress Waller Harrison Executed Carew Executed John Cook Hugh Peters Executed Thomas Scot Gregory Clement Adrian Scroop and John Jones Executed Francis Hacker and Daniel Axtel Executed Toâ— dye impinitent as to the Fact * Cook the Solicitor Hugh Peters 's stupidity Prisoners that came in upon Proclamation respited Queen Mother arrives in England The Parliament re-assemble Argyle committed Princess of Aurange dies Decemb 24. Parliament Dissolved Princess of Aurange her Funeral Decemb. 26. Sejanus ducitur unco spectandus gaudent omnes quae labra quis illis vultus erat Cromwel Ireton and Bradshaw dig'd up and hang'd c. Venner 's Insurrection There were two Executed in Cheap-side the same day Prichard the Cow-keeper and another of them Sir Arthur Hazelrig dies Mr. Crofton committed The Kingâ—s passage through London to his Coronation The Oath of the Knights of the Bath Creation of Earls and Barons at the same time The Kings procession to the Abbey The Dukes of Norfolk and Somerset were restored by Act of Parliament 12 year Caroli Secundi * James Butler Duke of Ormond was Created Earl of Brecnock Baron Butler of Lawthy A new Parliament May 8. Portugal Match mentioned by the King to the Parliament The Queen of Bohemia returns into England The Marquess of Montross enterred in State May 11. Arguile beheaded May aâ— and Guthrey and Giffâ—n Hang'd June 1 Plots and Designes laid by the Fanaticks Sir Charles Lucas re-interred with Solemnity Jun. 7. Several Laws confirmed and made c. Mr. Pryn questioned c. Mr. Pryn questioned by the House Acts against Bishops repealed Lord Munson Sir Henry Mildmay and Wallop sentenced Parliament adjourned July 30 to Nov. 02. The King is entertained at the Inner Temple by Sir Heneage Finch The Lords Spiritual restored Regicides before the House of Lords November John James Hanged and Quartered Novemb. 27. Sir Charles Coot died December A Council of the Principality of Wales re-established at Ludlow Episcopacy established in Scotland The King reflects on the ruine of St. Pauls London Fatality among the Clergy Another Fleet for Portugal and Tangier Queen of Bohemia dies Feb. 13. A Storm Feb. 18. An unfortunate Accident happened to the Lord Buckhurst and others Lambert and Vane ordered to Tryal The General honoured c. Miles Corbet Colonel Okey and Barkstead taken in Holland sent over to the Tower Sentenced and Executed Ap. 2. Col. Okey 's body giâ—en to his Friends Acts of Parliament passed An account of the Marriage of the King c. The Queen reReimbarques April 13. The Duke of York at Sea to attend the Queens Arrival with the Duke oâ— Osmond c. Queen Arrives May 13. The King stays to give his consent to Bills Preparing The Nature of several private Bills King at Portsmouth Queen at Hampton-Court Lord Lorn pardoned by the King Tangiers condition Sir Henry Vane and Colonel Lambert Condemned Sir Henry Vane Executed June 1â— A Proclamation for Twenty miles againt Rump Officers Presbyterians endeavours for Toleration Forces sent under the Earl of Inchequeen to Assist the King of Portugal Duke of Ormond arrived in Ireland Gloucester Walls c. Demolished Dunkirk returned to the French King October Dr. John Berkerhead Knighted A Plot discovered Philips Tongue Gibs and Stubs Executed December 22. Embassadors with Presents from Russia Mr. Calamy Committed Lord Warreston in the Tower Declaration of the King and Resolutions of the Parliament Parliament begins esuits banish Campeach takâ—â— Irish Plot. Earl of â—otâ—es Commissioner in Scotland Bills passed by Commission Mr. Rycaut comes from Constantinople Jersey a new 〈◊〉 Northern Plot discovered Plotters â—ri'd Executed Turner tryed and hanged A Printer tried and executed Others Pillori'd and Fined A remarkable proviâ—ence A barbarous murther committed by a Portugueze Servant upon his Master The Lord Holles Embassador to the French King June Iudge Mallet by reason of his age dispenced with and Sir John Keeling sworn in his place Dr. Bramhal departs this life Gayland assaults Tangier Reâ—reats with 〈◊〉 Makes another Attack but is forc'd to
retire with great loss Makes peace Duke of Yorks Son Christened Parliament Proroguâ—d August The manner of the Translation of the Archbishop of Canterbury Kings Progress Scotch Parliament Bishop of London one of the Kings Council Iudge Jenkins dies Dutch surpriz'd by the Turk Pope and K. of France differ They come to an Agreement The Turks Bâ—siege New-hausel New-hausel surrender'd Count Serini beats the Turks at the River Mur. The Portugals take Ginaldo in Galicia and totally rout the Spaniards The Protestants of Piedmont defeat the Forces of the Duke of Savoy Traytors executed Disorders at Newbury Sir Thomas Doleman seiseth upon the chief sticklers Jews expell'd Tangier Sir Richard Fanshaw Embassador in Spain English Complaints against the Dutch Resolves of the Houses therein The King declares himself Sir John Lawson with a Fleet for the Streights Buchanans Bank burned in Scotland A Proclamation agâ—inâ—t Contributions c. 〈…〉 rous Tartar Barbado's â—eâ—â—ir Sir John Lawson proclaims War against Argier A Memorandum deliver'd the States Parâ—iaâ—â—â—t Proâ—ogâ—ed The King sends to the City for Mony Granted Earl of Teviot kill'd Turks defeated Turks a second time defeated Lawson callâ—d home Capt. Allen in his room Embassadors sent abroad Sir G. Downing sent into Holland Naval preparations A second Loan by the City Dutch Bravado Prince Rupert at Sâ—a The D. of York set forth to Sea Opdam dares not adventure out The Dutch lay up their Fleet. Dutch Burdeaux-Fleet taken Duke of York returns to London Earl of Sandwich keeps the Sea Royal Katherine and Royal Oak Launched The States disappointed by the English Dutch Scandalous Libel Dutch Desâ—gnes The Condition 〈◊〉 the Dutch with other Kingdoms De Ruyter Sayls for Guiny Smyrna Fleet Encountr'd by Cap. Allen. Sir Tho. Modeford Arrives at Iamaica Act for the Royal Ayd Parliament Prorogu'd Seamen Encourag'd Reprisals granted against the Dutch Feb. 1664 5 Declaration of War against the Dutch Another Dutch Libel Dutch Embassies prove frâ—â—â—less Earl of Morpeth affronted by the Hollander Major Holms committed Dischargâ—d Forein Ministers complain in Holland Capt. Allen returns Dutch Manufactures prohibited Peace with Gayland Sir C Cotterel sent to Bruxels English Fleet ready to set sail Duke of York goes aboard English Fleet upon the Dutch Coast. English Officers cashier'd in Holland Cessation of Arms between the Turk and Emperor Grand Seignior leaves Constantinople Sireni kill'd The French at Gigery Portugals Victory Sedition in Avignon Lisle killâ—d April 1655. English Fleet at Sea French Embassador expostulates with the Dutch Embargo in France upon the Dutch Embargo in Holland upon the English Dutch endeavour to amuse the Common people French Embassadors to England Dutch Libel against the English Valkenburghs Letter Guinee Relation Dutch ill treated in Russia General Fast. Ships taken by the English Everts taken Dismiss'd Order and Discipline of the English Fleet. Two Dutch East-India Ships taken Duke of York makes for the Coast of Holland Several Holland Merchant-Men taken Smyrna Ships sunk Lord Bellasis Governour of Tangier The Moors shew themselves without Effect English Merchants return safe home De Ruyter attempts the Barbadoes Lord Willoughby wounded by Allen. Duch at Sea Their Numbers Captain Nixon Executed June 1664. Parl. Proroguâ—d A Curiosity A Loss The Duke of York Ingaging the Dutch Fleet gain'd a very â—â—cal Victory July 1665. The Sickness Queen Mother returns for France The King at Oxford Duke of Albemarle stays in London Disaffected Officers order'd to depart the City English Fleet Rendezvouse Bankert returns De Ruyter Sails for New-found-Land The Stroaker Casualty in Norfolk A General Fast King goes to Portsmouth to the Isle of Wight and returns for Sallsbury Parl. Prorogu'd De Ruyter returns into Holland and is made Admiral Dutch loss in China Bishop of Munster threatens Holland August Dutch Assayl'd by Tyddeman in Bergen East-Indie Ships taken Sept. 4. Parliament sits in the Schools at Oxford Octob. 10. His Majesty's Speech The Commons Answer Parliament Prorogu'd Thanks of the House given to the University Duke of Ormond returns into Ireland November 1665. Term at Oxford Captain Howard 's Valour against the Dutch Dutch Embassador recall'd out of England The King's Letter to the Dutch Munster active against the Dutch King of France supplies the Dutch Munster 's Success in Holland Lunenburg excuses himself to the King of England French King declares war against England January 1665. February the King of England declares War with France Sir Christopher Mimms Chases the Dutch Pestilence abates and the King returns to White-Hall Parl. Prorogu'd Earl of Sandwich sent Embassadour into Spain Peace made with the Moors in Africa General Wrangle comes aboard Sir Jeremy Smith Nonconformist Ministers suppress'd in Scotland Parliament in Ireland Irish Traytors there examin'd King of Poland 's ill success Lubomirsky revolts German Princes quarrel Beaufort encounters the Argier Pyrates in Argier Portugals defeat the Spaniards English bravery in Portugal The Emperour's Brother deceased Peace made between the Empâ—â—oâ— and the Turk Turkish Embassadâ—r's present to the Emperor Savoy and Genoua at odds Mentz and Collen Electors reconcil'd Portugueses make an inroad into Spain Brandenburg takes Arms and expostulates with the Dutch Queen-Mother of France dies The Venetian and the Pope differ A counterfeit Messiah appears among the Jews Another Jewish Prophet in Arabia Foelix Turkish Embassadour's Secretary turns Christian. Palaffi Imbre revolts from the Emperour King of Spain dy'd March Governor of Jamaica assaults the Ducth Plantations in America Dutch conclude Peace with the Dane Swede stands firm to England April 6. Parliament Prorogu'd A Proclamation requiring Desborough and others to return into England Plotters Try'd at the Old-Baily Condemned and Executed Earl of Sandwich Arrives at Madrid Lord Hollis returns from France The Fleet ready A French Drag came to nothing Iune The Fleet divided A Fight for two days together maintain'd by the Duke of Albemarie The Fight renew'd Prince Rupert appears Sir George Ayscue Prisoner July The City furnish the King with 100000 l. The Dutch out again The English at their hâ—els Another Engagement English Loss Dutch Loss Sir Robert Holmes enters the Vly Burns 160 sail of ships He lands on the Schelling and burns a Town The Dutch at Sea again The English follow them close but stormy Weather hinders any attempt Monsiâ—ur de la Roche taken in the Ruby Tromp and De Ruyter fall out A designe upon Guernsey discovered Spies hanged The dreadful Fire of London The King and the Duke of York take great pains to prevent it Suspected persons Imprisoned An Observation The King takes care to relieve the distressed A General Fast. His Majesties Declaration concerning the Re-building of the City Val. Knight committed for dangerous advice about it Parliament reassembles They thank the King for his care in the War Vote a Supply of 1800000 l. Another Supply of 1250000 l. A Court of Iudicature Erected for deciding differences in the City His Majesties Horse-Guard burn'd Proclamation prohibiting Importation of Canary The Parliaments
Address 〈◊〉 suppressing 〈◊〉 Insolencies Declaration of War against Denmark City Building begins Prodigious Storms in Lincoln-shire Prodigious Storm in Lincoln-shire A day of Thanksgiving for the ceasing of the Plague Ryot at Dumfreeze in Scotland The Lord Willoughby sets forth a Fleet from the Barbadoes A Hurricane His Lordship lost Scotch Convention meets At Surinam better success The French King affronted by the Turk An Embassador sent for reparation He is reviled Beaten and â—â—prisoned Swedes offer a Mediation Accepted Breda the Place of Treaty A Valiant Act of Capt. Dawes The English Embassadors enter Breda The Dutch Attempts upon the Coast. Burnt-Island attempted And Sheerness They seize the Royal Charles Royal Oak burnt Two Dutch Men of War burnt Commissioner Pett committed The Dutch come up into the River of Thames Dutch land neer Harwich Encounter'd by the Train'd-Bands They come up to Hull Haven are encounter'd by several ships that lay there Dutch attempt to land neer Wenbury in Devonshire Neer Cawland in Cornwal Sir Jonathan Trelawney Major Sparks and Mr. Windham sent aboard the Dutch Admiral Their Entertainment A Present sent De Ruyter Foy Harbour Attempted Plenipotentiaries meet and Tâ—eat at Breda Peace Concluded Commissioners to take an Account of Publick Money The Office of Lord High Treasurer in the Hand of Commissioners Parliament met Parl. Adjourn'd Commissioners appointed to hear the complaints of Seamen Mr. Cowley 's death Dutch beaten by Sir John Harmon in the West-Indies Three Dutch Men of War and a Prize taken Proclamation against Papists Woodmongers Charter demanded His Majesty lays the first Stone of the Royal Exchange The Duke of York the second Earl of Sandwich sent to Portugal January 22. February Proclamation to hinder the roving of private Men of War February Count de Dona the Swedish Embassador dies in England Maritime League concluded with the Dutch by Sir Wil. Temple Charles the second launched March 3. 1666 7. Proclamation against Papists Prentices make a Tumult May 1668. His Majesty goes to the House signes several Bills and adjourns the Parliament Lord Vaughan Chief-Iustice Iune 1668. Bridge Town burnt August 1668. Sir William Godolphin Knighted and made Resident-Embassador in Spain Sept. 1668. Duke of Munmoâ—th made Captain of the Horse-Guards Venetian Embassador has Audience Sir John Trevor made Secretary Dr. Wilkins Bishop of Chester Sir Thomas Allen made Peace with Argier Decem. 1668. Parliament Prorogu'd Ian. 166â— Dutchess of York brought to bed of a Daughter Sir Edward Sprague sent into Flanders The Duke of Tuscany arrives in England The Prince of Portugal made Râ—gâ—nt Earl of Carlisle sent into Sweden King of Sweden presented with the Garter Earl of Winchelsey returns Theater at Oxford fâ—nished Meetings suppressed Dr. Fell Vice-Chancellor of Oxford Queen-Mother of England dies The Moors attempt Tangier but beaten off Lord Roberts Lord-Deputy of Ireland Royal Exchange fâ—â—ish'd Pâ—â—â— Assembles Parl. attended the King in the Banqueting-House Parl. Prorogu'd till February Parl. in Scotland Sir Thomas Allen before Argier Mr. Henry Howard sent Embassador to Taffalette Duke of Albemarle dies His Dutchess dies Jan. 1669. Parliament meet The King signes several Acts and adjourns the House Dutchess of Orleans arrives in England Dies July 1670. Parliament in Scotland Act for the Treaty of Union passed there Argier men of War destroy'd Cap. Peirce shot to Death Parl. meet Peace between Spain and England ratifi'd Prince of Orange comes into England Sir Thomas Allen returns from the Streights Sir Edward Sprague Commands in his room D. of Ormond violently assaulted in the Night The King passes some Acts. Popish Priests Banish'd The Dutchess of York dyes Parl. Prorogu'd And an Address about English Manufactures Earl of Manchester dies The Crown attempted King of Sweden and Duke of Saxony by Proxies Install'd Knights of the Garter Sir Edward Sprague meets the Argerines and destroys them The King takes a Progress The Moors attack Tangier and are beaten off Parl. Prorogu'd Embassadors sent abroad Ian. 1671 2. Stop upon the Exchequer Sir George Downing presses for answer to the King's demands Sir George Downing committed Nonconformists indulg'd Sir Robert Holmes attacks the Dutch Fleet neer the Isle of Wight War declar'd against the Dutch Mar. 1661 2. War proclaim'd against Holland Sir Edward Sprague comes home The French King continues and increases Impositions on Dutch Goods notwithstanding their threats French Warlike preparations breeds jealousies Cologne fortifies The Dutch fortifie Maestricht Newburg fortifies Dusseldorp and Montery raises men in Flanders Brunswick Besieged They surrender The Escurial burnt The Dutch endeavour to get Assistants The Prince of Orange made their Captain-General The Emperor offers to Mediate Dutch Embassador slighted at Paris Convoys taken care of for the Merchants Several Lords call'd to the Privy Council King of France begins his March Turrenne blocks up Maestricht Fight between the English and Dutch Several Townes taken from the Hollanders Hollanders confus'd at the success of the French The King of Englands Declaration inviting the Dutch Subjects into England Dutch more and more distressed The People Mutiny Prince of Orange declar'd Stadtholder The Condition of the Dutch The Duke of Buckingham and the Earl of Arlington sent into Holland Duke of Buckingham and Earl of Arlington return English misâ— the Dutch East-Indie Fleet. Earl of Essex Lord-Deputy of Ireland The fall of De Wit and Van Putten The Confederates divert the French Magistrates chang'd in Holland Parl. adjourn'd The Duke of York returns from the Fleet and Action ceases Turenne 's Declaration Sir Edward Sprague spoyles the Dutch Fishing Prince of Orange succeeds ill Earl of Shaftsbury Lord-Chancellor Lord Clifford Lord-Treasurer Stop upon the Exchequer continued Duke of Richmond dies Parl. meet Sir Job Charleton made Speaker 18 Moneths Assessment given to the King The Parl. make an Address to to the King Parl. Adjourn'd James Piercy pretends to the Earldom of Northumberland The Island Tabago taken by the English Dutch at Sea May 26. May 28. June 4. July 17. July 20. August 10. Peace with the Dutch Proclamation against Papists April The Lord Lockhart Mediates a Peace between France and Spain Proclamation against scandalous News Sir Lyonel Jenkins and Sir Joseph Williamson return to London Duke of Monmouth chose Chancellor of Cambridge Earl of Arlington Lord-Chamberlain Sir Joseph Williamson Principal Secretary Earls of Ossory and Arlington â—ent into Holland A Marine Treaty between the King and the Uâ—ited Provinces Dr. Crew made Bishop of Durham Dr. Compton Bishop of Oxford The Dutchess brought to bed of a Daughter Sir Francis North Lord Chief-Iustice of the Common-Pleas Parl. meets Prince of Newburgh arrives in England Barbadoes Conspiracy Indians Rebel in New-England Northampton fâ—red River by Salisbury began to be made Navigable Parl. meets Proclamation against St. Germain the Iâ—suite Hurricane at Bardoes Jamaica fâ—ourishes
this excellent States-man without a very notable remarque which hath received credit from the mouthes of many honorable persons t was this At the time of the passing the Bill of Attainder in the House of Commons Sir Bevil-Greenvile and Sir Alexander Carew sitting together they both serving for the same County of Cornwall Sir â—evil bespoke Sir Alexander in such-like words Pray Sir let it not be said than any member of our County should have a hand in this â—minous business and therefore pray give your Vote against this Bill To whom the other instantly replyed If I were siere to be the next man that should suffer upon the same Scaffold with the same Ax I would give my consent to the passing of it And we have seen how exactly and in every circumstance this presagious saying of his was afterwards verified and accomplished It is observable moreover that none of all the Bishops that were advised with by the King in reference to his satisfaction concerning the Earls death escaped the fury of that Parliament and the times he only excepted as the King himself notes in his Book who counselled him by no means not for any considerations or reason of State or Time whatsoever to act against his conscience but that obeying the Dictates thereof he should refer the Issue to God which Counsel had it been followed doubtless those miseries which ensued presently after had never befallen him nor his Kingdomes the Earl being indeed one of the chief Pillars and Basis of his Authority and Government without whose ruine the Grandees of the Faction knew they could not effect or accomplish any thing such an absolute rare honest and loyal master-piece of Reason and Prudence so much strength of spirit to quicken his undertakings joyned therewith the age present saw not and well will it be for the next if it may compare and parallel him Thus far to the memory of his most useful life we must also parentate something to his lamented and most causeless death from which as we shall see in the conclusion of this History he had a most honourable Resurrection here On Sunday May 2. was solemnized at Court the marriage between the young Prince of Orange and the Princess Mary Before we attend the Earl to the Stage it will not be unworthy the Readers patience to observe Sir Dudley Carleton the Earls Secretary bringing him the news of the Kings passing the Bill of Attainder the Earl believing the King would not have done it arose from his chair and lifting up his eyes to Heaven clapt his hand upon his heart and said Put not your trust in Princes nor in the sons of men for in them there is no salvation A design was laid for his escape if we may believe Sir William Balfore Lieutenant of the Tower at that time whose report upon examination was that the Earl sent for him four days before his suffering and endeavoured to perswade him to connive at his escape promising to reward him with twenty thousand pounds and his Daughter in marriage to Balfores Son The said Balfore saying further that he was commanded to admit Captain Billingsley to march into the Tower with an hundred men for the better securing of the place but the said Billingsley coming he was denyed entrance by Balfore whereupon the Earl expostulates with the Lieutenant of the danger of opposing the Kings command Balfore answering that a design of his escape was discovered by three good-wives of Tower-street that peeping in at the key-hole of his door they saw him walking with Billingsley and heard them advising thereon and of a Ship to be in readiness for him below the River On the 8th of May 1641. the said Earl was brought to the Scaffold on Tower-Hill where were present some of the Nobility Sir George Wentworth his Brother and the Archbishop of Armagh to whom principally he directed his Speech which being so publique and transmitted by so many pens cannot certainly fail posterity and with much Christian resolution was offered there as a Sacrifice to popular fury heightned and enraged by the artifices and designs of some innovating principal Leaders to the following breaches and Rebellion To sum up all our misery in the total of this noble person the same day the King signed the Bill for his Execution he signed also another for the continuing of this Parliament till they should dissolve themselves the only lasting monument of all our troubles The Scots having thus obtained their aims against this honourable person whom they termed the enemy of their Country and having received a vast sum of money blood and the price of blood together were now pleased upon the disbanding of the English Army to march home and disband also as was before intimated having first obtained of his Majesty a grant to be present at the next sitting of their Parliament at Edinburgh which his Majesty condescended to and in August came thither having before his departure constituted the Earl of Leicester Lord-Lieutenant of Ireland in the place of the Earl of Strafford but through the Rebellion and other contingencies and reasons of State falling out he never went over in that quality though preparations were made both here and there in order to his Government On the seventeenth of May divers of the Kings chiefest Officers of State fearing they might likewise be subject to the same destructive change with the Earl of Strafford resigne their places viz. The Lord Cottington Master of the Wards to the Lord Say Doctor Iuxon then Bishop of London resignes his office of Treasurer of England to five Commissioners Marquess Hertford was also sworn governour to the Prince in the stead of the Earl of Newcastle The Earl of Pembroke displaced from being Lord Chamberlain of the Kings Houshold and the Earl of Essex ordered to succeed him Upon the Kings going for Scotland the Parliament was Adjourned till the 20 of October during which recess and his Majesties absence the ill humours of discontents gathered amain The Faction was strengthened at home by open and avowed correspondencies which became publique in menaces and threatnings against the remaining disorders and abuses in the Government The Ax had but tasted of that blood of which it soon after glutted it self all persons of all Ranks and Conditions King Archbishop Duke Marquess Earls Lords Knights Gentlemen Ministers Mechanicks suffering under its edge A remarkable thing the parallel of it being no where in our English Chronicles But so the Noble Earl of Straffords blood was expiated and his innocency attended with the like victimes The Parliament now met together after their adjournment the King being still in Scotland where he so ordered affairs by his indulgence and bounty that it was verily thought upon his departure he had not left a malecontent in that Kingdom to the confirmation of which opinion the Scots were not wanting themselves it being their complement grown to a publique expression that his Majesty
likewise made and Expresses sent to the King then in Scotland to the Lord Lieutenant the Earl of Leicester and both Houses of Parliament at Westminster who readily voted a potent relief but by their debates and quarrels with the King on purpose retarded it till all was near lost in that Kingdom the envy whereof they loaded upon his Majesty than whom no Prince could ever be more affected with the sadness of such a calamity I may not omit that Owen O Conally who was sent with the express to the Parliament was rewarded by them according to the desire of the Council of Ireland with 200 l. in money and 200 l. a year pension till lands of inheritance could be setled on him The Earl of Ormond was now marched to Dublin with the title of Lieutenant-General and a Troop of 100 Curâ—asiers compleatly armed Sir Thomas Lucas and Captain Armstrong old Souldiers and Captain Yarner arrived out of England as did Col. Crawford for whom a Regiment was raised as Troops for the other 600 Foot had been also provided under the conduct of Major Roper to march as Recruits to Tredagh at the instance of the Governour and accordingly on the 27th of November they begun this short Expedition accompanied with 50 Horse of the Earl of Ormonds under Sir Patrick Weems but by ill conduct and loytering in the way and the unexpertness of those raw foot-Souldiers they were of a sudden in a mist attaqued by a body of the Rebels near Iulian Town-bridg and there being deserted by the horse most shamefully routed three of the Captains with all the English except 100 that escaped with Major Roper to Drogheda being cut off The news whereof arrived to the Governour just as he was returned from the place of his disappointed meeting with them the day before by reason of their delayed advance Proud with this success as with the taking of Mellefont-house the Mansion of the Lord Moor which had been stoutly defended they made sure of Tredagh and drew their â—orces about it whereas had they marched for Dublin where they had too many friends and whence Sir Charles Coot was marched into the County of Wicklow to repress the insolencies of the Birns and Tools towards the poor English from whom they had taken Carews fort and possessed themselves of the chief Gentlemens houses they might have carried both places At Wicklow Sir Charles executed some murderous Irish but being caâ—â—ed to Dublin he was encountred by Luke Tool and 1000 Irish whom he quickly made run into a Bog with some loss and came safe home Now the Lords and Gentry of the English Pale plainly discovered themselves and as is touched before assisted in the siege of Tredagh and thereby Lemster and Vlster became United in this Rebellion in which Munster was not engaged till December At this time also they emitted their Declaration wherein they decâ—ared for the exercise of the Roman Catholick Religion their Rights and Priviledges and the Kings Prerogative and justified their taking arms to those purposes by the example of the Scots who had obtained their demands thereby And next they presume to face Dublin theatning to encamp at Clantarfe very near the Harbour thereof which they intended to stop from receiving any succours but at the approach of Sir Charles Coot they fled thence and the Town was pillaged and some part burnt for that they had robbed a Barge and some of the goods were found in Mr. Kings house who with Luke Nettervil and others had now encamped themselves again at Swords within six miles of Dublin with 20000 men and had possessed the Castle of Artain and other places within two miles thereof At Castle-Lyons and Rath there lay 2000 more who came out of Caterlagh Kings County and Kildare under Roger Moor. This was on the East-side on the South-side lay the Birnes and the Tools who had lodged themselves in Castles near the Sea-side and some Villages at the foot of the Mountains so that their Forces now in Lemster amounted to 20000 men About this time the Naas and Kildare were taken as were Trim and Ashbey in the County of Meath by the Rebels and no better news was to be hoped for or expected besides now the market of Dublin could not be supplied the enemy every where so encompassed it Tredagh nevertheless held out gallantly till the arrival of Sir Simon Harcourt with his Regiment out of England and some supplies of money and more men and arms were daily expected which deceiving the opinion of the Rebels so disheartned them after many fruitless attemps made upon that Town that they broke up their siege and marched Northwards but in their way Sir Henry Titchburn sallied out and overtook them and gave them a defeat and pursuing his success recovered Dundalk again by storm while Sir Phelim O Neal hardly escaped over the River and fled back to Vlster where Major-General Sir George Monro who commanded the Scotch forces whose Plantations fared no better than the English when the Irish had once mastered ours lent the Parliament by agreement at Edinburgh in revenge of those spoils and massacres committed made the same bloody havock and waste and in the beginning of the next year took in and recovered sundry Towns and Castles particularly the Newry which with the like successes of Sir Simon Harcourt and Sir Charles Coot in Lemster had almost flag'd the hearts of the Irish and made them willing to a Cessation Leave we that Kingdom in a forlorn miserable bleeding condition and cast an eye homeward The King soon after his return to rest and vacate himself a little from the toil and burden of business retired to Hampton-Court whence notwithstanding the importunity of his affairs straight recalled him to his Court at White-Hall where he was sundry times tumulted by a numerous rabble out of London crying out No Bishops with other affronting language to the King himself as they passed by the Court-Gates to Westminster where Col. Lunsford then nominated to be Lieutenant of the Tower but not confided in by the Citizens no more than others appointed to that charge till Sir William Balfour had possession thereof and some other Gentlemen drew upon them and wounded some of them which so exasperated them that the next time they came down armed and in greater numbers to the terror and affrightment of the parts adjacent to the Court an ill omen or presage of those dire revolutions which followed The beginning of these uproars were like themselves at first tumultuary and consisted of the rabble onely but the kind reception they found from some Parliament-Members who tacitely encouraged their rude clamours and smiled upon their numbers moved Citizens of the best quality to joyn with those Club-men and now they began to marshal their multitudes into rank and File the eminent zealots some of them Aldermens fellows being right-hand-men or else placing themselves in the intervals like Officers and upon their return
seems and appears he had the Kings express command to fight that Army with all convenient speed and advantage Accordingly it was his intention to fight them that morning or at least by noon marching in view of them on the plain called Marston-Moor But it proved seven at night before both Armies Engaged The Parliamentarians had taken the advantage of a Corn-hill on the South-side of Marston-Moor four miles from York so that the Prince accepted of what fighting ground they had left him His Army was divided into Wings whereof the Marquess of Newcastle commanded one the Prince the main Battel though he charged in the left Wing where was General Goring Sir Charles Lucas and Major-General Porter Son to Mr. Endymion Porter of the Bed-Chamber Being thus resolved and drawn in Battalia ready to charge and begin the Encounter it was resolved upon the signal that the Princes left Wing should commence the Battel whither some new Reserves were brought to enforce and assist them The right Wing of the Parliamentarians Horse which consisted of the L. Fair-fax's Troops in the Van and of the Scotch Cavalry in the Rear against which the Prince had a more peculiar indignation was at the first Onset of the Kings left Wing of Horse commanded as aforesaid put to Total rout the Royalists following them in the pursuit so far as it was their unhappy custom that thereby they became the overthrow of their own Army The Scots some of them ran ten miles an end and a wey bit crying out Quarter with other lamentable Expressions of Fear During this Slaughter and Conquest in that part of the Field the Victory stood dubious on the other where the Earl of Manchester's Horse were on the Left Wing of their Army These were Raised out of the Associated Counties of Bedford Cambridge Suffolk Buckingham c. commonly called the Eastern Associates and both for Arms Men and Horses the compleatest Regiments in England They were more absolutely at the command of Colonel Cromwel then Lieutenant-General to Manchester an indefatigable Souldier and of great courage and conduct of whose â—â—â—ions we should have spoken before and have mentioned how he first secured those Counties for the Parliament purging that is to say extinguishing the University suppressing several endeavours for the King namely taking Sir Thomas Barker Sir Io. Pettus and Capt. since Sir Thomas Allen Admiral of the Seas and other the prime Gentlemen of Suffolk Prisoners at Lowestoft in Suffolk as they were met at a Rendezvous there to promote the Commission of Array as he did Sir Henry Connisby at Saint Albans soon after having reclaimed himself from the open vanities of Youth and taken up the secret Vices of Old men so that certainly a stranger change was never wrought in any man each Vice skipping over its medium of vertue which he touched not at all becoming the contrary extream his youthful Debaucheries proving in his Old Age all manner of Atheistical Prophaness as Perjury Hypocrisie Cruelty in a word what not so that indeed they had no more parallel than his as strange Fortunes He was born April the 25th in Saint Iohns Parish in the Town of Huntingdon and was Christened in that Church the 29th of the same month Anno Dom. 1599. where Sir Oliver Cromwel his Uncle gave him his name being received into the Bosom of the Church by her Rites and Ceremonies both which he afterwards rent and tore and ungraciously and impiously annulled and renounced That I may use my own words in his Life and Death lately printed and transcribe a Paragraph or more which are of use here for the information and satisfaction of Posterity That year 1599 was the last of that wonderful Century and did just precede the famous and celebrated Union of the two Kingdoms of England and Scotland under King Iames as if it were congenial to Crowns as to other lesser accessions of Felicity in private persons to have at the same instant a temperament and allay to their Lustre and Greatness thâ—â—â—s Fortunes right hand presented a Scepter so her left hand was ready with a Scourge to wreak her Envy and fury upon the glory and Grandeur of that renowned Succession to and accrument of Dominion The subtilties Arts and Policies of his that Goddess under the name of Providence potently and irresistibly conspiring with his as close Treasons and dissembled Treacheries to the ruine and overthrow of this Church and Kingdom singly and insensibly accomplished by the mean and unobserved hand of this bold and perjurious Politique Every thing hath its Good and Evil Angel to attend it and that grand and happy Revolution was to be afflicted and persecuted by this Fury to an almost dissolution of its well-composed and established frame He was descended of a very ancient Knightly Family of his name in the County of Huntington where for many Ages they have had a large and plentiful Patrimony it will suffice therefore to deduce him from no further Originals then Sir Henry Cromwel his Grandfather a Gentleman highly honoured and beloved both in Court and Country who had issue Sir Oliver his eldest Son Henry Robert and Richard and Sir Philip the youngest whose Son upon suspicion of Poysoning his Master was accused thereupon convicted and hanged some thirty five years ago This our Oliver was Son of Mr. Robert Cromwel the third Son of Sir Henry a Gentleman who went no less in esteem and reputation that any of his Ancestors for his personal worth until his unfortunate production of this his Son and Heir new- whom he had by his wife Elizabeth Steward the Niece of Sir Robert Steward a Gentleman of a competent fortune in this County but of such a maligne effect on the course of this his Nephews life that if all the Lands he gave him as some were Fenny ground had been irrecoverably lost it might have past for a good providence and a happy prevention of those Ruines he caused in the three Kingdoms For that estate continued him here after his debauchery had wasted and consumed his own Patrimony and diverted him from a resolution of going into New-England the Harbour of Nonconformists which design upon his sudden and miraculous conversion first to a civil and Religious deportment and thence to a sowre Puritanism he straightway abandoned by the former Repentance he gained the good will and affection of the Orthodox Clergy who by their perswasions and charitable insinuations wrought him into Sir Robert Steward's favour insomuch that he declared him his Heir to an Estate of four or five hundred pounds a year by his second change to Non-conformity and Scrupulous Sanctity he gained the estimation and favour of the Faction some of the Heads whereof viz. Mr. Hambden and Master Goodwin procured him the Match with a Kinswoman of theirs Mistris Elizabeth Bowcher the Daughter of Sir Iames Bowcher and afterwards got him chosen a Burgess for Cambridge by their interest
Petitioned against it but in vain the Sectaries had packt a new Common-council by Authority from the Juncto who constituted aâ—y 40 of them a Court and supreme to the Mayor whose first work was the framing a Petition for Justice against the King and other Capital Offenders which was afterwards delivered by Titchburn and had the thanks of the Mock-Parliament for their pains who now entred a Protestation against that satisfactory Vote of the 5th of December aforesaid and pursue the Dictates and Directions of the Army A little while before this Colonel Rainsborough was slain at Doncaster by a party of Royalists that â—allied out of Pomfract then besieged by Sir Edward Rhodes and the County-Forces as he was in his Inn and his Souldiers about him under a pretence of delivering him a Letter from Crowel They would have only taken him prisoner and carried him through his own Leaguer into their Castle but he refusing they pistoled him in his Chamber and departed untoucht A strange yet brave Adventure Scarbrough-Castle now likewise yielded to the Parliament whom we will leave and see the Armies like violence and outrages upon the King Colonel Ewres was appointed by the Parliament to this Service who assisted by Colonel Cobbet on the first of Decemb. according to Command received from Hammond the person of the King and hurried him out of that Isle away prisoner to Hurst-Castle within the term of those 20 days after the Treaty in which he was to remain according to the Houses Declaration in Honour Safety and Freedom This Castle stands a mile and a half in the Sea upon a Breach full of mud and stinking oaze upon low Tides having no fresh water within two or three miles of it so cold foggy and noysome that the Guards cannot endure it without shifting Quarters Here they frayed the King a while till Harrison was on his way to receive him who brought him to Winchester where the Mayor and Inhabitants caused the Bells to ring and at the Towns-end as was due and usual in the middle of the mire presented his Majesty with the Keys of the City and the Mace but in the very Ceremony were tumbled in the same mire by the Horse at the Command of Harrison The next day the King came to Farnham and so to Windsor where he kept his sorrowful and last Christmass being pent up in a corner of the Castle no man besides his Guards to come to him and all respect and reverence to his Person forborn while by Order of the Juncto he was sent for up to his Palace of St. Iames's Harrison impudently riding covered in the same Coach with him and his Myrmidons wounding any that shewed their Loyal Compassion and lamented this miserable condition of their beloved Sovereign In which we must leave him and return to our Grandees These offals of a Parliament having by an Ordinance taken away the Oaths of Supremacie and Allegeance usually administred to Freemen c. thereby to free themselves from those ties of Duty upon them and to make way for their ensuing Trayterous designe in order whereunto the Council of War had forbid any Ceremony or State to be used to the King and his Attendants lessened now proceeded roundly to their Army Journey-work for on the 28 of December Thomas Scot brought in the Ordinance for Trial of the King it was read and recommitted three several times and the Commissioners names of all sorts to engage the whole Body of the Kingdom in this Treason inserted and to give it a Foundation these Votes passed That the Lords and Commons Assembled in Parliament dâ— Declare and Adjudge that by the Fundamental Laws of the Realm it is Treason in the King of England for the time to come to Levy War against the Parliament and Kingdom of England With this Declaratory Vote the said Ordinance was carried up to the Lords by the Lord Gray of Grooby Ianuary 2. 1648. The Lords being 16 in number met that day and received it promising to send an Answer by Messengers of their own The first Question started by some Lords who had rather had a thinner House was Whether it should be presently debated which was affirmed The first Debate was upon the Declaratory Vote to which the Earl of Manchester said That the Parliament of England by the Fundamental Laws consisted of three Estates King Lords and Commons whereof the King is the first and chiefest He Calls and Dissolves Parliaments and without him there can be no Parliament and therefore it 's absurd to say the King can be a Traytor against the Parliament Then the Earl of Northumberland added That the greatest part at least twenty to one of the people of England were not yet satisfied whether the King Levied War first against the Houses or the Houses against him And if the King did Levy War first against the Houses there is no Law to make it Treason in him And for them to declare Treason by an Ordinance when the matter of Fact is not proved nor any Law extant to judge it by is very unreasonable The Earls of Pembroke and Denbigh said they would be torn in pieces before they would assent with the Commons so the Lords cast off the Debate and cast out the Ordinance and adjourned for seven days This netled the Commons who thereupon resolved to rid their hands of King Lords and their Fellow-Commons together by a leading Vote That all Members of Committees should proceed and act in any Ordinance wherein the Lords were joyned though the Peers should not Sit nor concur with them And added thereunto three other Democratical Resolves Ian. 4. 1648. 1. That the People are under God the Original of all just Power 2. That the Commons of England in Parliament Assembled chosen by and Representing the People have the Supreme Power of the Nation 3. That whatsoever is enacted or declared for Law by the House of Commons Assembled in Parliament hath the force of Law Which passed without one Negative Voice which shewed at whose beck they were And thus first they hatcht this Monster called An Act for the Trial of the King c. which is here transcribed transferring the names of the Commissioners to their ensuing Character An Act of Parliament of the House of Commons for Trial of Charles Stuart King of England WHereas it is notorious that Charles Stuart the now King of England not content with the many Encroachments which his Predecessors had made upon the People in their Rights and Freedom hath had a wicked designe to subvert the Antient and Fundamental Laws and Liberties of this Nation and in their place to introduce an Arbitrary and Tyrannical Government and that besides all other evil ways to bring his designe to pass he hath prosecuted it with Fire and Sword levied and maintained a Civil War in the Land against the Parliament and Kingdom whereby this Country hath been miserably
and most considerable Towns of the Kingdom still untaken any of which if they be well Garrisoned as questionless now they are will be neer a Summers work to reduce The Forts of Duncannon and Sligo the Castles of Caterlo Athlone Charlemont and Neanagh are not easie purchases the Province of Connaght is still preserved entire by the Lord Clanrickard who will be able to bring 4000 men of his own into the field now that Galloway and his Country is somewhat cleared from the infection of the Plague which begins to rage greatly in the Enemies quarters as Corke Youghall Wexford and Dublin it self Kilkenny Clonmel with several places thereabouts being left desolate with it The County of Clare in Munster brought unto the Lord-Lieutenant at a Rendezvouze at the same time above 2000 men wherewith his Excellency being invited by the Magistrates was ready to march into Limerick to Garrison that place and to make it his residence What Forces the Irish had in Vlster and towards Kerry I have already told you as likewise what Connaght and the County of Clare afforded I must adde that Hugh Mac Phelim had in Wiâ—klow and towards Wexford hard upon 2000 men and at Waterford General Preston and Hugh O Neal had little less to conclude besides all this the Lord Castlehaven the Lord Dillon and the Bishop of Drummore made account they should draw together a considerable Body in Meath and the rest of Leimster to joyn with the Marquess of Clanrickard towards the relief of Tecroghan then besieged by Colonel Reynolds Thus you may see that provided they be united amongst themselves and that means can be found of keeping them in bodies together there are men enough in Arms yet to dispute the business with an Enemy that is not half their number and whose quarters are pestered likewise with the Plague and Famine as well as theirs especially these having such strengths and fastnesses still in their hands as are almost inaccessible to Cromwels Souldiers Who after having mastered the greatest part of Munster and Leimster their supplies from England coming in but slowly have made bold at last with the people they flattered with before and altered their manner of proceedings taking from them by force what they pleased and violating their protections given making not nice to tell them they suffered them to possess their Estates but during pleasure and till they could have Planters to put into their rooms by which kind of clear dealing they have so lost and made desperate the Natives that lamenting their former too ready compliance with the Enemy they now called for the Lord-Lieutenant again and taking Arms in their hand began to rise in all quarters of the Kingdom so that it is impossible for a greater power than Ireton hath there to attend to the suppression of them all This is the perfect account of the Irish affairs whereby the first Trophees of the English Commonwealth raised themselves to greater Atchievements by a chain of successes but Winter growing on their Army was put into Winter-quarters Cromwel himself to that purpose taking up Youghall lately with Corke wherein were the Lord Inchiqueens Lady and Family revolted by the treachery of the Colonels Gilford Warren and Townsend Colonel Wogan newly defeated in his attempt in Passage-Fort and then taken prisoner by Colonel Zanchy whereupon Prince Rupert with the Constant Reformation the Convertine wherein was Prince Maurice the Swallow where was Sir Iohn Mien and some other Sips set sail from Kingsale where he had continued Blockt up most part of the last Summer by Admiral Popham and betook themselves to the Narrow Seas now that the Parliament had most of that Coast in their possession and sailed for France In the mean while Captain Young had fired the Antilope one of the Kings ships at Helvoet-sluce in Holland and the Guinny-Frigot was mastered and taken neer Scilly the Rendezvouze and Harbour of his Majesties Fleet that did very much hinder and obstruct the Trade at Sea wherein his Majesties Rebels were now principally concerned of which we shall have yet further occasion to speak in the ensuing year The Parliament had in Iune filled up the Benches at Westminster Aske from Clerk of the Crown one of their Beagles at the High Court of Iustice was made one of the Justices of the Vpper so was the Kings Bench newly called and Broughton a Clerk to the same Court had his former Office Puliston and Warberton in the Common-pleas to whom in the place of Judge Phesant Serjeant Atkins was added Colonel Rigby and Thorpe were made Barons of the Exchequer by the last of whom Colonel Morris the late noble Governour of Pomfret and Cornet Blackborne were Condemned and Executed at York on the 18 day of August at which Sessions Thorpe likewise in his Charge to the Grand-Jury magnified the late Actions of the Parliament and justified their Authority and endeavoured to shew its consonancy to the Laws which fine Oration is yet extant in Print About this time after much debate by these Judges and at the instance of the Army the Parliament passed the Act commonly called the Five Pound Act whereby Debtors in Prison upon their Oath that they were not worth five pound were discharged by Vertue whereof most of the Goals in England were emptied and room made for Cavaliers and Royalists of which party Sir Robert Heath the Noble and most Loyal Lord Chief-Justice of England being an excepted person by the Parliament died at Caen in Normandy about the end of August and Sir Kenelm Digby and Master Walter Mountague were ordered to depart the Kingdom as not being within any of the qualifications for Delinquents Composition Thus stood things at home in a Commanding and Authoritative posture we will see next how they fadge abroad and first the Scot their next Neighbours having an Army moving up and down in the North of that Kingdom to suppress the Montrossian Party which appeared in the Isles of Orkney the Marquess then bestirring himself in the Court of the Duke of Holstein for supplies and ready to Embarque having sent a forerunning Declaration wherein he recited the greatness of those condescentions to and that confidence his late Majesty had of them when he put himself into their Hands at Newark both which some wicked persons of that Nation had Trayterously abused even to the Murther of that blessed Prince and thereafter would impose Conditions and Limitations to their present Soveraign and desired all good and honest Subjects who had been misled to appear with him to the vindication of those injuries as well as reproach of the Scotch Nation c. and other Forces quartering about Edenborough had Decreed that no Provision whatsoever should he carried into England and shewed an absolute averseness to any further Treaty or Correspondence with the English but had dispatcht away the Laird of Windram one Master Libberton to the King who after his arrival at Zeland sailed to the King at
Nation of the Iews who had proposed a Toleration their own Judges their Burying-places the revocation of all Laws and Statutes against them protection from the fealty to him and had strengthned the reason of this with a round sum of Money Cromwel wanted not plausible Arguments of his own from the hopeful juncture of time of making the flock of Christ but one Fold and others cited places of Scripture several Conferences were held about it before him with the Judges as Steel c. and Ministers as Ienkins Manton c. who being not satisfied with what appeared from the arguments of Manasseh Ben Israel the Jewish Agent the publick admission of them was laid aside and the Iews gull'd of their Money they had upon that account already paid The Ships at Iamaica had been roving abroad and burnt St. Martha and took some spoil while Doyley the Commander in chief by Land had made some Inroads into the Country under Colonel Wood and was building or planting a new Town at Cagway-Point In Scotland new Commissioners were added for the sale of Delinquents Lands and to prevent their frauds in the purchasing thereof a New great and Privy-Seal and Signet was likewise sent down thither from England and the Protestors and Resolution-men continued at the same distance A Proclamation there to stop all Comers to that Kingdom upon pretence of Infection in Holland and of all going out without License The Earl of Glencarn upon suspition of a Plot being taken and secured by General Monke in Edenburgh-Castle In England to affront the Spanish Imbargo which now turned to seizure the price of Canary-Wines which were feared to rise by the War were now by Proclamation abated to nine pence a pint having continued at twelve some years before The Princess of Aurange departed by the way of Antwerp and Peronne in France in Ianuary to visit her Mother at Paris and the King preparing according to invitation to go into Flanders where neer Lovain in February he privately conferred with the Earl of Fuensaldagne neer Lovain the Arch-Duke of Leopold being upon his departure for Germany and Don Iohn of Austria to succeed in that Government for the King of Spain From hence his Majesty the War betwixt Spain and us being publique came to the Royal Mansion of Treveur neer Brussels in order to a nearer conjunction of Counsels and Odwyr newly returned and concealing himself in Ireland gave suspition here of some new designe upon Ireland and thereupon all Papists and Irish were again disarmed and commanded to keep at home within their Limits The King's Family yet continued at Colen but upon his remaining setling in Brugis where soon after he was received in State it removed thither also so the Spaniards embraced and shook hands with his Interest as their own affairs governed them In England many sad accidents happened together the Abbey of Spalding being let out into Chambers in one of them as the folks were prophaning by Dancing and making merry therein the Roof fell and was the Death of 23 persons Ianuary 22. Sir Thomas Ashcock cut his Throat a Paper being found in his Chamber where he had reckoned twenty several preservations before and yet God gave him up to this Temptation Mr. Skipwith a young Gentleman who had had a grudge against Sir Thomas Wortley for keeping his Sister Company met with the said Sir Thomas whereupon both drew their Pistols but Skipwith killed him dead though Wounded himself A Stationer's Servant in Fleet-street being taken in Bed with his fellow-serving-maid got an opportunity and presently Hang'd himself Mr. Chamberlain of Oxford-shire killed Colonel Granthamson at Southampton-buildings in a single Duel The most Reverend the Arch-Bishop of Armagh died March 21 a Prelate of great and incomparable Learning and Piety as his Works do sufficiently declare a person challenged as Indifferent to the Church-Government by Bishops but no doubt falsly however it gave the Protector a fine occasion of personating a love to Learning and good men in the expence of his decent and fitting Interment 200 l. being allowed thereunto out of the publick Money the best and justest of all those sums he squandered upon his dying and perishing Ambition He was not buried till the 17 of April ensuing being then brought from the Countess of Peterburgh's His great Patroness at Rygate to St. George's so to Somerset-House and thence to the Abbey at Westminster Mr. Bourdeaux Embassador returned for England and Lockhart as was said dispatcht for France The River of Thames Ebbed and Flowed twice in two hours this Year and the last twelve Years there was much alteration in them Freeman Sonds the younger Son of Sir George Sonds killed his onely Brother in Bed and was Hanged for it which sad and strange story had almost past observation Anno Dom. 1656. GEneral Blake and Montague began this year with their Fleet of War sailing for the Coast of Spain having toucht at Tangier and directed thence their course to Cadiz-bay and the removing of the English-staple at Roterdam by Proclamation to Dort and the arrival of Mr. Lockhart in France as touched before together with a rencounter at Sea of the Advice President and Drake English Frigats with the Maria of Ostend one Erasmus Bruer a Fleming Captain off the Coast of Scarborough It was stoutly managed by the Enemy from Morning till Night when being totally disabled and over-powered he yielded nothing but himself and Marriners remaining of the Conquest and not many sound ones of those for the ship sunk presently she was the Admiral of that place Worsley the Major-General died before he could be good in his Office and was buried with the Dirges of Bell Book and Candle and the Peals of Musquets in no less a repository than Henry 7th's Chappel as became a Prince of the Modern Erection and Oliver's great and rising Favourite With him went down the Wrestling in Moor-fields an exercise used time out of minde in that place before the War and now resumed again together also with pitching of the Bar and generally all pastime and sort of sports was damned and to make his Exit the more remarkable Hannam the most notorious private Thief in England to expiate his sad villany at Colen having promised Cromwel some Papers taken at that time was retaken in another Robbery in London and had his due by being hanged Forces under Colonel Brayn who was to Command in chief in Iamaica were now shipt from Port Patrick in Scotland where the Citadel of St. Iohnstones was fired and almost consumed but Provisions saved with 1000 stout Fellows but Fate so crost Oliver that no Governour of his sending and nomination survived long after their arrival and Colonel Doyley was a kinde of an old Royalist as were many or the most of the remaining Officers whom he had made it his Religion not to trust He had in England appointed at this time a Committee
which the Rump were now unarmed to dispute his Commission from them as Commissioner for governing the Army being then also expired and the publication of a Petition subscribed by Barebone's and others to abjure the King as afterwards with the Mayor and Court of Aldermen at Guild hall who used their endeavours with him in the business he marched out of the City with his Army to their Quarters and on Saturday sent another Letter to the Parliament wherein he laid open the dangerous designes countenanced by themselves in conniving at Lambert particularly the business of Barebone's Petition setting forth that there had been Oaths too many already and as before in the afternoon he Rendezvoused in Finsbury-fields and from thence marched into London where he and his Army were joyfully entertained declaring himself for the City and a free Parliament Towards evening the City rung every where with the news of it with such Acclamations and shone with so many Bonfires where they burnt and roasted all manner of Rumps in detestation of the Juncto then sitting that it seemed a Theatre of mad extasied people nor is it possible any expressions of it should reach the sense and belief of Posterity Money being thrown among the Souldiers as if now there would be no more occasion for it but that the Golden Age swiftly approached The Speaker at his return from the House being in danger of his life Innumerable the Ballads and Ribaldry made of this Rump The General continued in London and disarmed most of those Phanatick persons who had been listed by the Committee of Safety and notwithstanding the Order of the Rump yet kept their Arms. The aforesaid Conferences were yet held and the General assisted at the debates between some of the Members sitting and those that were excluded in 1648 in order to some composure having promised to stand by the City in the attainment of such a settlement as should secure the Nation These conferences coming to no Issue and the Rump having at last finished their Qualifications so rigid and unreasonable that no good or fair meaning appeared in them as he modestly and fairly told them He came with his Army into Westminster and parts adjacent and having that morning convened the aforesaid secluded Members at White-hall went with them to the House of Commons and see them safely sit in Parliament who presently vacated many Orders made by the aforesaid Remnant in 1648 in reference to the Death of the King and their own forcible seclusion as also all Votes lately made by them touching new Members to be elected to sit and serve in Parliament also all Orders referring to Sir George Booth's business and all Imprisonments and Sequestrations thereupon Next they constituted the General Captain and Commander in chief of all the Forces of England Scotland and Ireland discharged all Prisoners upon the account of a Free Parliament and suspended the Power of the Council of State till they had erected a new one of which the General was made one They likewise ordered the Gates and Portcullises of the City of London to be repaired and set up at the publick charge more especially care was taken by them for securing the Militia into honest and faithful hands both in London and the respective Counties The dispatch of the aforesaid Assessment was also recommended to the Commissioners and a great advance of money lent by the City for the present occasions their promptness now overmatching the Force before Sir Charles Coot declares for a Free-Parliament by the re-admission of the secluded Members and thereupon possessed himself of Dublin-castle having first of all surprized Galloway from Colonel Sadler in this manner He invited him and his Officers all Anabaptists to his house over the water to be merry which doing Sir Charles pretended a desire of drinking a glass of Wine in Galloway privately with Sadler so they two secretly took Boat with each a servant and being on the other shore Sir Charles said Colonel Sadler I am resolved for a Free-Parliament and to have this Garrison you have a Sword about you draw and fight or else engage your honour will make no disturbance in the Town upon our admission and my Declaration to which Sadler amazed and troubled answered He would acquiesce Whereupon he caused the Gate to be opened and Sir Charles having declared himself the Souldiers cried out A Coot a Coot and a Free-Parliament Whereupon nevertheless he secured and kept him prisoner as he did Sir Hardr. Waller at Dublin aforesaid and immediately all Ireland declared themselves satisfied in this most happy Change offering their lives and fortunes in the maintenance and defence of the Parliament to be now assembled Some Phanatick Troops of Rich's Horse rendezvoused at Bury in Suffolk where they began to mutiny but Colonel Ingoldsby and Captain Philip Howard Captain of the Life-guard being sent against them they presently were quieted and received their old Colonel Ingoldsby for their Commander whereupon a Proclamation issued for the better regulating the Army and keeping it in obedience requiring all Officers and Souldiers immediately to depart to their several Quarters and not remove without the Generals order or license in that behalf This made the Army sensible of that duty the Parliament expected from them whereupon they one Regiment after another presented their Addresses to the General owning and congratulating his happy management of the Affairs of the Kingdome Nor indeed was ever any man so deservedly courted but especially the City shewed themselves most affectionate admirers of those great Services he had done his Country most of the Twelve Companies having invited him successively to their Halls where he was feasted with all sumptuous Magnificence love or charge could show and afford The Parliament had no less resentments of his glorious undertakings for besides the Generalate they setled upon him the Stewardship of the Mannor of Hampton-court to preserve not Usurp and possess that Royal Mansion Several Prisoners of the Phanatique-Party nothing being charged against them were freed by the General who was now also constituted one of the Generals at Sea and Col. Montague now Earl of Sandwich the other The Scotch Lords who were taken Prisoners at Worcester and had been long secured in Windsor-Castle were now by order of Parliament released that Nation under Major General Morgan quietly awaiting the issue of the Affairs in England The Presbyterian-party were now very busie to have their Profession Established by Act of Parliament and therefore a Confession of Faith was tendred to the House which having been seven times read was passed and ordered to be Printed and likewise the Solemn League and Covenant was also ordered to be reprinted and read in all Churches once in every year and to be set up in the Parliament-house but it soon after found a different entertainment The Parliament resolved during their Session which should continue no longer than the end of March to proceed only
Night from Somerset-House thither from whence they proceeded with the Funeral through a lane of Guards of the Duke of Albermarl's Regiment of Foot First went several Gentlemen and Knights next the Servants of his Highness the Duke of York then the Servants of the Queen after whom came his Majesties Servants and next those of the Deceased Lady then two Heraulds before Iames Marquess now Duke of Ormond Lord Steward of his Majesties Houshold and Edward Earl of Manchester Lord Chamberlain of the same after whom went Edward Lord Hide Lord Chancellor of England with the Purse and Mace born before him after whom came another Herauld with a Coronet upon black Velvet and then the Royal Corpse carried by her own Servants the Pall being supported by six Earls and the Canopy carried over it by several Baronets His Highness the Duke of York as principal Mourner followed the Corpse with a Herauld before him divers persons of quality bearing his Train In this order they came to King Henry the 7 th's Chappel where she was Interred in a Vault particularly set apart for the Royal Line This Princess and the Duke of Gloucester who preceded her to Bliss needed no Effigies to present them to our Eye being like Vertue not to be Pictured and can have no resemblances but in the mind where with immortality they have placed their Monuments to dure and last with Eternity it self E contra on the Thirtieth of Ianuary that the Earth might no longer cover the Blood which was impiously and traiterously split on that day Vengeance pursuing those wicked miscreants even beyond the Sanctuary of the Grave the odious Carcasses of Cromwel Ireton and Bradshaw were digged out of the ground from those sumptuous Monuments which as they did the Throne in their Life they had now Usurped in their Death they were drawn in a Cart from Westminster where they were first interred to the Red Lyon in Holborn and thence on Sledges to Tyborn where they were pulled out of their Coffins and hang'd at the several Angles or Corners of that accursed Tree with the dregs of Peoples Curses and Execrations from Ten a Clock till Sun-setting and then cut down their loathsome Bodies thrown into a deep hole under the Gallows their Heads cut off and placed aloft upon Westminster-Hall Where they will continue the Brand-marks of their Posterity and the expiatory remains of their accursed Crime Notwithstanding the seizing of many suspected Persons Fifth Monarchists as Colonel Overton of whom before Cornet Day Courtney Major Allen c. yet that Sect persisted in a Devilish design which soon after in the beginning of Ianuary they thus executed This strange and unheard-of Action will afford the truest sight and judgment of this Fanatick crew even beyond all Example or History of the most perdite sort of men For but a handful of these wild People dared to attempt the City of London and that at two several times First on Sunday the Sixth of Ianuary 1660. After their meeting at Coleman-street in the same City having then a gracious Liberty from the King for their Devotion they Armed themselves and came to St. Pauls in the Dusk of the Evening where having Mustered and ordered their small Party they placed Centinels for the time one of whom killed an Innocent Person coming by accidentally for saying when he was demanded by them who he was for For God and King Charles After this Exploit the Alarm being given and some Parties of the Trained Bands coming upon them and Charging them after they had repulsed those few Files they Marched to Bishops-gate where they passed and from thence to Cripple-gate where they came into the City again and so to Aldersgate where the Constable being weakly attended at their threatning him for the Keys let them out again Here they declared themselves for King Iesus and their Friends or Masters upon the Gates Thence they proceeded to Beech-lane where a Headborough opposing them they shot him and killed him It is observable that none whomsoever or wheresoever they shot recovered of the hurt it being conceived they poysoned their Bullets and Slugs by chawing or other destructive Art And so with all haste made towards Canewood where they lurked a while resolving to make another Insurrection in the City till they were routed by a Party of Horse and Foot sent to drive them out thence and some Thirty taken Prisoners and brought before the General who sent them to the Gate-house Notwithstanding the others after they had quitted the Wood returned for London with assurance of success in their begun enterprize Venner telling them a Wine-Cooper by Trade he was assured that no Weapons formed against them should prosper nor a hair of their Head be touched which their impunity in their first attempt made them very credulous of even to an absolute confidence It may not be omitted that just before this sudden eruption the King was gone to Conduct his Mother and Sister who feared the same mortal Infection of the small Pox and had had some grudges thereof to Portsmouth in order to their Embarquing for France which opportunity they took for their Rebellious Tumult having disposed as they thought the minds of their late Party to take part with them by their Declaration called A door of Hope opened stuft with abominable slanders against the whole Royal Family and the General who with the Duke of York appeared presently with part of the Life-Guards to suppress them To proceed on Wednesday-morning Ianuary the Ninth after the Watches and Guards were removed they re-inforced their first Enterprize Their first effort and appearance was at Thredneedle-street where they alarm'd the Trained Band that was to watch all that Day a Party of whom being sent out to follow them were forced to retreat to their Mainguard who Marching in a Body towards them the Fifth-Monarchists retreated into Bishops-gate-street some of them into an Ale-house known by the Sign of the Helmet where after a sharp Dispute two were killed and as many taken the same number being killed and wounded of the Trained-Bands The next sight of them for they were just like wild-fire was at Golledg-Hill by which way they went up into Cheapside and so into Wood-street Venner being their chief Leader having a Murrion on his Head and a Halbert in his Hand Here was the main and fiercest Action for they fought stoutly with two of the Trained-Bands of Foot in very good Discipline and Order Here also they received a Charge from the Horse of the Life-Guard whom they put to the Retreat till being over-powr'd and Venner knockt down and wounded with Shot Tufney and Crag two more of the chief of their Teachers being killed by him they began to give ground and soon after dispersed themselves in flight taking several routs and ways The greatest part of them went down Wood-street to Cripple-gate firing in the Rear at the Trained-Bands of Yellow then in close pursuit of them This Train-Band
Gasper Count of Marsin George Monk Duke of Albemarle Edward Montague Earl of Sandwich Aubery de Vere Earl of Oxford Charles Steward Duke of Richmond and Lenox Montague Berty Earl of Lindsey Edward Montague Earl of Manchester William Wentworth Earl of Strafford A Roll of the PEERS of the Kingdom of ENGLAND according to their Birth and Creations Dukes of the Blood Royal. JAmes Duke of York and Albany Lord High Admiral of England Rupert Duke of Cumberland These take Places in respect of their Offices Edward Earl of Clarendon Lord Chancellour of England Thomas Earl of Southampton Lord Treasurer of England DUKES Thomas Howard Duke of Norfolk William Seymour Duke of Somerset George Villiers Duke of Buckingham Charles Stuart Duke of Richmond George Monk Duke of Albemarle MARQUISSES Iohn Paulet Marquiss of Winchester Edward Somerset Marquiss of Worcester William Cavendish Marquiss of Newcastle Henry Peirrepont Marquiss of Dorchester EARLS These three take places in respect of their Offices Montague Berty Earl of Lindsey Lord High Chamberlain of England Iames Butler Earl of Brecknock Lord Steward of his Majesties Houshold Edward Montague Earl of Manchester Lord Chamberlain of his Majesties Houshold EARLS Aubery de Vere Earl of Oxford Algernoon Piercy Earl of Northumberland Francis Talbot Earl of Shrewsbury Gray Earl of Kent Infra aetat Charles Stanly Earl of Derby Iohn Mannours Earl of Rutland Hastings Earl of Huntingdon Infra aetat Thomas Wriothesly Earl of Southampton Wilâ—iam Russel Earl of Bedford Philip Herbert Earl of Pembrook and Montgomery Theophilus Clinton Earl of Lincoln Charles Howard Earl of Nottingham Iames Howard Earl of Suffolk Richard Sackvil Earl of Dorset William Cecil Earl of Salisbury Iohn Cecil Earl of Exeter Iohn Egerton Earl of Bridgewater Robert Sidney Earl of Leicester Iames Compton Earl of Northampton Charles Rich Earl of Warwick William Cavendish Earl of Devonshire Basil Fieldiâ—g Earl of Denbigh George Digby Earl of Bristol Lionel Cranfield Earl of Middlesex Henry Rich Earl of Holland Iohn Hollis Earl of Clare Oliver St. Iohn Earl of Bullingbrook Mildmay Fane Earl of Westmorland Edward Montague Earl of Manchester Thomas Howard Earl of Berk-shire Thomas Wentworth Earl of Cleveland Edward Sheffield Earl of Mulgrave Henry Cary Earl of Monmouth deceased without Issue male Iames Ley Earl of Marlborough Thomas Savage Earl of Rivers Montague Bertue Earl of Lindsey Lord Great Chamberlain of England Nicholas Knollis Earl of Banbury Henry Cary Earl of Dover Henry Mordaâ—t Earl of Peterburgh Henry Gray Earl of Stamford Heneage Finch Earl of Winchelsey Charles Dormer Earl of Carnarvan Montjoy Blunt Earl of Newport Philip Stanhop Earl of Chesterfield Iohn Tufton Earl of Thanet Ierome Weston Earl of Portland William Wentworth Earl of Strafford Robert Spencer Earl of Sunderland Iames Savil Earl of Sussex Charles Goring Earl of Norwich Nicholas Leak Earl of Scarsdale Wilmot Earl of Rochester Infra aetat Henry Iermin Earl of St. Albans Edward Montague Earl of Sandwich Iames Butler Earl of Brecknock Edward Hide Earl of Clarenden Arthur Capel Earl of Essex Thomas Brudenal Earl of Cardigan Arthur Annelsley Earl of Anglesey Iohn Greenvile Earl of Bath Charles Howard Earl of Carlisle The Right Honourable Elizabeth Viscountess of Kynelmeky was by Letters Pattents Iune 14 Created Countess of Guildford for her life in the Twelfth year Caroli Sâ—cundi VISCOUNTS Leicester Devereux Viscount Hereford Francis Brown Viscount Montague Iames Fiennes Viscount Say and Seal Edward Conway Viscount Conway Baptist Noel Viscount Camden William Howard Viscount Stafford Thomas Bellasis Viscount Faulconberg Iohn Mordant Viscount Mordant BARONS Iohn Nevil Lord Abergavenny lately Deceased Iames Tutchet Lord Audley Charles West Lord De la Ware George Barkley Lord Barkley Thomas Parker Lord Morley and Monteagle Francis Lenard Lord Dacres Conyers Darcy Lord Darcy William Stourton Lord Stourton William Lord Sandys De la Vine Edward Vaux Lord Vaux Thomas Windsor Lord Windsor Thomas Wentworth Lord Wentworth Wingfield Cromwel Lord Cromwell George Eure Lord Eure. Philip Wharton Lord Wharton Francis Willoughby Lord Willoughby of Parham William Paget Lord Paget Dudley North Lord North. William Bruges Lord Chaundos Iohn Cary Lord Hunsdon William Petre Lord Petre. Dutton Gerrard Lord Gerrard Charles Stanhop Lord Stanhop Henry Arundel Lord Arundel of Warder Christopher Roper Lord Tenham Foulk Grevil Lord Brook Edward Montague Lord Montague of Boughton Charles Lord Howard of Charleton William Gray Lord Gray of Wark Iohn Roberts Lord Roberts William Craven Lord Craven Iohn Lovelace Lord Lovelace Iohn Paulet Lord Paulet William Maynard Lord Maynard Thomas Coventry Lord Coventry Edward Lord Howard of Escrick Warwick Mohun Lord Mohun William Botiller Lord Botiller Percy Herbert Lord Powis Edward Herbert Lord Herbert of Cherbury Francis Seamour Lord Seamour Thomas Bruce Lord Bruce Francis Newport Lord Newport of Higharchal Thomas Leigh Lord Leigh of Stone-Leigh Christopher Hatton Lord Hatton Henry Hastings Lord Loughborough Richard Byron Lord Byron Richard Vaughan Lord Vaughan Charles Smith Lord Carrington William Widdrington Lord Widdrington Humble Ward Lord Ward Thomas Lord Culpepper Isaac Astley Lord Astley Richard Boyle Lord Clifford Iohn Lucas Lord Lucas Iohn Bellasis Lord Bellasis Lewis Watson Lord Rockingham Charles Gerrard Lord Gerrard of Brandon Robert Lord Sutton of Lexington Charles Kirkhoven Lord Wotton Marmaduke Langdale Lord Langdale deceased William Crofts Lord Crofts Iohn Berkly Lord Berkly Denzil Hollis Lord Hollis of Ifeild Charles Lord Cornwallis George Booth Lord De la Mere. Horatio Townsend Lord Townsend Anthony Ashley Cooper Lord Ashley Iohn Crew Lord Crew The Lords Spiritual being restored to their Honours and Places in Parliament since the Coronation and to all the precedent Honours we have observed the Order of Time and not of Dignity as they should have been Ranked before the Lords Temporal A. DOctor William Iuxon Lord Arch-Bishop of Canterbury his Grace Primate and Metropolitan of all England was consecrated Bishop of London 1633. Translated from London to Canterbury 1660. A. Dr. Accepted Frewen Lord Arch-Bishop of York and Metropolitan of England was consecrated Bishop of Coventry and Litchfield 1644. Translated from thence to York 1660. Dr. Gilbert Sheldon Lord-Bishop of London was consecrated October 28 1660. Dr. Iohn Couzens Lord-Bishop of Durham was consecrated December 2 1660. Y. A. Dr. Brian Duppa Lord-Bishop of Winchester this See is now possessed by Dr. Morley Translated thither from the See of Worcester Prelate of the Garter and Lord Almoner he was consecrated Bishop of Chichester 1638. from thence Translated to Sarum 1640. and from thence to Winchester 1660. and since deceased 1662. A. Dr. William Piers Lord-Bishop of Bath and Wells consecrated 1632. A. Dr. Matthew Wren Lord-Bishop of Ely was consecrated Bishop of Hereford 1634. thence Translated to Norwich 1635. from thence to Ely 1638. A. Dr. Robert Skinner Lord-Bishop of Oxon was consecrated Bishop of Bristol 1636. thence Translated to Oxon 1640. A. Dr. William Roberts Lord-Bishop of Bangor and Sub-Almoner was consecrated 1637. A. Dr. Iohn Warner Lord-Bishop of
Dominions and an invitation was sent hither from them to others of the same principles to follow them Her Majesty Queen Catharina was now expected to be at Sea and therefore his Majesty came to the Parliament and acquainted them with the same and desired that as a Complement to her they would cause the Highways and Streets of London to be fitted and cleansed against her reception and to make what hast with convenience they could with the dispatch of those Bills under their consideration And soon after to remedy the perversness and obstinacy of the Quakers against taking the Oaths of Allegeance and Supremacy and their meeting and Conventicling publickly together to the pestring of the prisons whither they were Committed and their Enthusiast tricks one Thomas formerly a Lieutenant of that party poysoning himself and one Powel a Widdow poysoning of her Son-in-law and another person a Bill was passed against them with the said Bill for High-ways now ready for the King's assent which he gave by his Commission to the Lord Chancellor Lord Treasurer Duke of Albemarle and Earl of Manchester By this Act several inconvenient passages in London are to be enlarged and Houses that jutted into the street and obstructed the ways were to be pulled down as the upper end of Ludgate-hill on the South-side of the street and elsewhere Having but onely mentioned the Kings Declaration of his Marriage for his choice whereof both the Lords and Commons returned him their thanks it will not be impertinent in this place to give a larger and fuller account thereof This Royal Bride Heaven had more especially prepared and predisposed out of the Royal Family of the Kings of Portugal which having suffered an Ecclipse by the powerful interposition of the Spanish Monarchy for the space of neer an hundred years was now revisited in its Splendor in the assumption of Iohn Duke of Braganza the fourth of that Name King of Portugal by almost as miraculous a Turn as that of our Captivity by the Kings Restitution So Providence was pleased to adapt and fit both these Princes Conditions and Estates to this happy juncture of them in this Royal and happy Estate This was designed by King Iohn in the beginning of our Troubles and of his Reign and was one of the first Acts of State he did with us managed here by Don Antonio de Souza his Embassadour hither who was very instrumental in transacting His late Majesties Affairs of Forraign Concernments receiving and returning his Dispatches One Ingredient no doubt in point of Civility and Honour among those other of Affection and Interest that make up this Princely Match These were something as also his Majesties reflection on his Personal picque with the Spaniard who had very much disobliged him in the time of the Usurpation by courting and owning his Rebels to satisfie himself of some pretended injuries done him by his Grandfather and Father by loss of his Spanish Fleet in the Downs which the King had a most inviting opportunity here to remember Upon the return of the Conde de Mello as aforesaid with the Articles of Treaty and Marriage to Lisbon they were presently noysed about the City and more loudly reported from all the Cannon in the River both Portuges and Forraigners by which means without further Proclamation it was publick about the Town who like over-joyed People betook themselves to the presentest yet most solemn de monstrations thereof by Bonfires and Entertainments c. the Streets resounding with Healths al Re del Grand Brettanna which continued that Night and the next Day Not long after by an Express from England from the King to her she was Complemented with the Stile of Queen of Great Britain which put that Court into a new Splendor both to her Retinue and Attendance and all Honours and Duties done her as if she were actually Crowned It will not be much material to insist on all the other particulars viz. those several Messages sent and returned betwixt those two Royal Lovers together with the intercourse betwixt the Two Crowns in point of Alliance and Security nor the numerous resort of the English every day to Worship this Sun of the East and pay their Early Devotions to her It will be more unnecessary to relate those Romances and Fictions made by the Phanatick Crew at Home that there were a Fleet of Spaniards and Hollanders that lay ready in her way to intercept her Passage into England We will only mention the happy Arrival of that Fleet and the Royal Charles from England with Sir Richard Faâ—shaw sent to salute the Queen for his Majesty who now impatiently expected her Arrival as did the whole Nation together with him Just at the same time the Earl of Sandwich now the second time visited the Queen being appointed to attend her departure and to convey her into England the King her Brother and Mother with his Nobles and the whole Court in a solemn Procession and Cavalcade from his Palace where the English Gallantry there present assisted accompanied her till she Arrived at the River-side the Golden Tagus where she entred a Stately Brigandine and the Naval Triumphs commenced their Glory For as soon as the King and Queen were reimbarqued for Lisbon and returned with the discharge of all the Cannon the Fleet immediately with a fair wind and leading Gale began their course being as they past the River saluted by all the Block-Houses Forts and Castles with the imitation of their Thunder That Night and part of the next day the Wind and Weather was very propitious but then coming clear about and contrary it so retarded the Voyage that in a Fortnights time they hardly got into the middle of the Bay of Biscay where the Queens Majesty dispatcht away Mr. Montague Sir Tho. Sands and Sir Ioseph Douglas on the 29 of April at Seven at Night to give an account to the King of Her Condition which the untowardliness and averseness of the Wind had much altered by protracting her longing desires of meeting the King and also incommodating her by the tossing and topping of the Sea so that she lay sick for the most part of the Voyage until about Fifth of May with indefatigable working and skill the whole Fleet reached the Islands of Scilly the furthermost Western Dominions of England Her Arrival had been every day expected a fortnight before which caused the King to send down his only Brother the Duke of York Lord High Admiral to attend on her upon the Coast and to Complement her in his Name whereupon his Highness hasted to Portsmouth and on the Eleventh of May attended by the Duke of Ormond the Earls of Suffolk and Chesterfield the Lord Berckley and other Persons of Quality went aboard the stately Yacht with which the City of Amsterdam presented the King to Coast about the Isle of Wight to meet her Majesty On the same day Sir Ioseph Douglas making towards Portsmouth with an Express from her Majesty to
the King was met by his Highness the Duke of York five Leagues off the Isle of Wight who commanded him back with him to the Fleet. On Sunday morning about ten a Clock they discovered the Royal Iames but there was so great a Calm that they could not reach the Royal Charles till six at Evening No sooner had the General espied his Highness Yacht but he went out in his Barge to meet him the Royal Banner being all the while vayl'd till he was aboard When his Highness came into the Ship the Souldiers gave three several shouts and all the great Guns in the Royal Charles which from that time to the Queens Entrance had been silent proclaimed his Welcome after which several Ships of the Fleet paid him their Salutes Being conducted to her Majesties Cabbin he was placed in a Chair on her right hand where after several expressions of Joy for her Majesties happy Arrival on the Coast of England and having presented his Majesties high respects to and as exceeding Affection for Her his Royal Highness took his leave to retire himself to his Yacht for that Night and the next morning Sir Ioseph Douglas was again dispatched to the King in the illustrious Company of the said Duke of Ormond and Earls but was forced to Tide it thence and sometimes lay at Anchor and could not reach Portsmouth till the Evening Thirteenth of May from whence Sir Ioseph took Post leaving the Duke of Ormond to make preparation for the Reception of her Majesty That Night the Royal Fleet with the Princely Bride came to St. Helens point the Eastermost Promontory of the Isle of Wight almost opposite to Portsmouth from whence had it not been too bold an adventure to hazard her Majesty in that narrow Streight of Sea and in a Night-Tide they might have reached Portsmouth the next morning but making use of the Day-tide which served about Ten of the Clock on Wednesday the Fourteenth of May the Queen landed at Portsmouth about Four of the Clock in the Afternoon where She was received with all possible demonstrations of Honour the Nobility and Gentry and Multitudes of Londoners in most rich Apparel and in great numbers waiting on the Shore for her Landing and the Major and Aldermen and the Principal Persons of that Corporation being in their Gowns and with a Present and Speech ready to entertain Her the Cannon and small shot both from round that Town and the whole Fleet Ecchoing to one another the loud Proclamations of their Joy The King having received the express of his Queens Landing prepared to be gone forthwith to Salute her upon her Arrival but his great Affairs of State and Bills to be ratified by him into Acts of Parliament which were not quite ready for his Royal Assent delayed him at Whitehall till Monday-night the 19 th of May having sent before him the Bishop of London who departed the Seventeenth in order to the Solemnizing of the Marriage aforesaid Which Bills being numerous and very important when passed into Acts set us right where we were the same time Twenty years designing and enacting Remedies against those Mischiefs which prevailed against the happy Estate of the Kingdome before such as their Act passed in the former Session against Armed or Army-like Multitudes and number of Petitioners which are not to exceed seven or eight and have as far as humane Wisdome can provided against the like dangers of our late Confusions There passed likewise many several private Bills for selling of Lands and alienating them for payment of Debts which gave his Majesty occasion to take notice of the depravity and corruption of manners in the late times and to declare that his goodness in passing them now should not be brought into precedent for the future and he himself would become an example of frugality and would provide sumptuary Laws against the Excess and Vanity of the Age whose looseness and superfluity did so sadly affect him But to return His Majesty having Signed all the Acts which are now so many wholesome and good Laws as no Age of our Fore-fathers can boast of to adorn and Honour his Queens Arrival posted away at Nine a Clock that Night with his ordinary Guards in the Earl of Northumberland's Coach Prince Rupert with him only to Kingston where he came soon after Ten and at the end of that Town entered into the Earl of Chesterfield's there set ready for him and the Duke of York's Guards to attend him and came before Twelve at Night to Guilford being Twenty five miles where he Lodged that Night and next morning Posted with the same speed to Portsmouth where he arrived about Noon and because of the Queens indisposedness which yet held her in her Chamber the King satisfied himself by giving her a Visit privately that day and then withdrew to his own appartments Yet it pleased God to restore her Majesty to such a degree of Health that she was able to Consummate the Marriage Sacred Rites which were performed in that Town in private after which the Nuptials were concluded there by his Majesties Bedding his Queen that night During the rest of the stay Visits were given to the Grandees of Portugal who came over with the Queen by all the English Lords and Ladies and by them again returned until the removal of the Court next week to Winchester thence to Farnham to Windsor-Castle and so to Hampton-Court where their Majesties took up the most part of this Summer 1662. as well for the Salubrity as Majesty of it being one of the most Magnificent Structures of all the Royal Palaces Here the Queen received the Addresses of all the Nobility and Submissions of the several Deputies for the Cities of England more particularly from the Lord Mayor and Aldermen of London who by Sir William Wylde their Recorder who pronounced a Spanish Oration presented her with a Purse of Gold Iune 2. On the Twenty third of August she was in great Triumph brought by Water from Hampton-Court to finish her Voyage to Whitehall all the Companies in their Barges nobly set out attending the Lord Mayor at this Solemnity and several Pageants were placed upon the River and Speeches designed All which made a very noble sight illustrated by the rich and glorious setting out of the King's Barge About seven at night their Majesties arrived to that Palace as somewhat before the Queen-Mother being fetch'd and attended by the Earl of Saint Albans arrived at Greenwich where for a while after she resided till her setling at Somerset-House as the abode of her remaining Widdowhood The Parliament of Ireland had likewise agreed upon an Act for raising One hundred and twenty thousand pound in two years by Subsidies In Scotland six Bishops were Consecrated in the Abbey-Church of Holy-Rood-House at Edenburgh with great satisfaction and solemnity where also the King had gratiously Pardoned Lorn the Marquess of Arguile's Son his Life which he had forfeited by judgment
Reside there as his Legate France may be thought to have no kindness for the Jesuits however the most Christian King could not be said to do amiss not to let 'um Triumph over their Superiors for Complaint being made that the Jesuits in the Diocess of Fambers had refus'd to give Obedience to the Bishop of that Diocess the King gave leave to the Bishop to proceed against them by Excommunication according to the Priviledges of the Gallicane Church whereupon the Bishop suspended them from all their Functions forbidding them to Preach Teach or Confess any person within the Territories of his Diocess The King of France being now Master of several Towns of Flanders late under the Jurisdiction of the Spaniards and having totally reduc'd the County of Burgundy under his Subjection of which in favour of the Prince of Conde he immediately granted two Reversions one to the Duke D' Enguien Son of the said Prince and the other to the Duke of Bourbon his Grand-Child thought it convenient to listen to the Mediation then proffer'd by several Princes of Europe chiefly by the King of England and the States of the Vnited Netherlands so that a Treaty was concluded upon and Aix la Chapelle appointed the Place for the Commissioners to meet in In the mean time while the Spaniards lay upon their Demurs a League was Concluded by the Mediation of the Earl of Sandwich the King of Englands Embassador at Lisbon between the two Crowns of Spain and Portugal a League of sincere and perpetual Peace containing a Release of Prisoners Nullity of Confiscations Freedom of Commerce and such other Usual Articles which were in Six Months after Publication to be Confirm'd and Ratifi'd by the King of Great Britain And now as if the General Design of Europe were Peace the Commissioners meet at Aix la Chapelle for the King of England Sir William Temple for the Dutch Mr. Beverning for the French Monsieur Colbert for the King of Spain the Baron of Bergeick who having some time before Sign'd Provisional Articles in order to a final Conclusion whereby a suspension of Arms was granted and the March of the French Army Countermanded at length fell seriously to their Work so that by the second of May the Articles of General Peace were sign'd by the Plenipotentiaries of both Kings and afterwards Proclaim'd through all the Chief places of France Spain and Flanders to the general content of Europe and satisfaction of the Mediators But notwithstanding this fair Peace the Spaniards did not like the Neighbourhood of the French and therefore would have made an Exchange of some other Territories of theirs lying farther off for that oâ— Frâ—nche Comâ—e On the otherside the French not satisfi'd with what they had got Claim'd several Towns as dependencies upon their late Conquests as the Towns of Conde Newport and other places Hereupon to end these differences and to settle the bounds of the French Jurisdiction Commissioners are appointed to meet at Lille but they determine nothing upon which the French King makes a positive demand of all that he Challeng'd and the Spaniards Order the several Commanders to have a care of the Defence of their several Charges In which posture we leave 'um hatching new Discords for this Year Leaving these great Actors upon the Stage of the World we are coming to one who is making his Exit for the King of Poland at the beginning of the Year had signifiâ—â— to the publick Dyet of that Kingdom his Resolution to make a Resignation many applications were made to him whether Real or out of Ceremony not here to be determin'd that he would please to change his purpose and some other delays happen'd as in a matter of so great importance so that the Ceremony was not perform'd till September at which time the King appearing in the publick Assembly and in a pathetick Speech insisting on his misfortune to meet with such bad times and desiring pardon for what had been done amiss during the time of his Raign departed out of the Assembly and in his own Coach leaving the Castle went to a private House he had in the City The Nobility would have attended him but he refus'd it But there were enough that ardently coveted what he had so calmly forsaken The Duke of Muscovy was urgent for his own Son The Emperour for the Prince of Lorrain And the French King for the Duke of Newburg a Creature of his own But the Pole refus'd all but more especially the French whose Embassador the Bishop of Bezieres they would not endure should stay in the Kingdom to have any finger in the Election Nor was any thing this Year concluded In Holland Monsieur Cariâ—ius put a very hard Riddle to the States When they would be pleas'd to pay his Majesty the King of Denmark several sums of Money which he pretended to be due upon Promise particularly 400000 Rixdollars from the States of Holland and 14000 from those of Amsterdam This Question occasion'd many Debates and Conferences and was at length put to the Arbitration of the King of France Now for varieties sake and to shew there was some Justice at Rome I must not omit an Act of the Pope at this time raigning A Complaint being Exhibited to his Holiness by a person of Tivoli that whereas he had liv'd several years with his Mother with great content and satisfaction upon an Estate of 1500 Dollars per Annum His Mother falling sick was during her sickness so far prevail'd upon by a Jesuit her Confessor that she had by Will given away all the Estate to the Order not reserving any thing for the subsistance of him her Son The Pope extreamly dissatisfi'd with this Complaint sent for his own Confessor and in very severe Language commanded him to finde out the General and in his Name to require him to write to the Superior at Tivoli to restore the Petitioner his Land again Nor must we omit now we are at Rome the Canonization of an American Virgin named Rosa a Nun in a Covent of St. Dominick For every body in England does not understand what a glorious thing it is to be made a Saint The Church was hung with Tapistry and Inscriptions in honour of the New Saint on the Altar stood her Image and about it the Arms of the Pope the King of Spain the Kingdom of Peru and this Religious Dominican During the Te Deum one of the Cannons of St. Peters Church was fir'd a great number of Drums and Trumpets sounding and several Vollies of shot given by a Squadron of Germans drawn up neer the Church After which a solemn Mass was sung by six Quires of Musick In the Afternoon the Pope heard Vespers in the same Church present several Cardinals with the Embassadors and Ministers of Forrein Princes and the Evening spent in Lights and Fire-works The Venetians are busied for the defence of their Candia and by the Assistance of the French hold the Turk hard to it this
Impeachment of high treason against the Earl of Strafford he is committed and Sir George Ratcliff sent for out of Ireland Dr. Williams Bishop of Lincoln released Mr. Pryn Dr. Bastwick and Mr. Burton received by the Londoners in pomp Sir John Finch Lord Keeper and Francis Windebanck Secretary of State charged with high treason they withâ—rew John James a Romish Catholique stabs Iustice Howard in Westminster-Hall The Case of Shipmoney stated The Iudges opinions thereupon Shipmoney vâ—tâ—d illegal The Iudgment of the Excheqâ—â—r agâ—inst Mr. Hambden vacated Mr. Hollis delivers a Charge against the A.B. Cant. the Scots do the like he is voted guilty of high treason and committed The King signs the Bill for Triennial Parliaments The Houses oppose Bishops temporal jurisdiction The Earl of Straffords Tryal Sir David Fowls and Sir William Pennyman witnesses against the Earl the last of whom wept He is condemned as guilty of high treason The faction make a hideous cry of Iustice. The King with much reâ—uctancy signs the Bill of Attainder A notable remarque concerning Sir Alexander Carew Those Bishops that consented to the Earls death escaped not the fury of the times Prince of Orange warries the Princess Mary Sir Dudley Carleton the Earls Secretary brings him word of his Majesties having passed the Bill of Attainder Life in Mr. Lloyds Memoires The English Army disband the Scotch receive a vast sum of money and return home The King visits his Parliament of Edinburgh The Earl of Leicester made Lord Lieutenant of Ireland The Parliament adjourned The faction encreaseth and grows strong The King settles the affairs of Scotland A Rebellion in Ireland The King returns from Scotland and is magnificently received at London The faction sâ—anderously charge the King and Arch-B Cant. with inclining to Popery Walker an Iron-monger thâ—ows a Libel into the Kings 〈◊〉 he is impriâ—oned Sir Richard Gurney Lord Mayor of London Most of the Irish Nobility revolted Sir Phelim Oneal their chief commandâ—r A full account of the Irish Rebellion and proceedings of the War there Roger Moor the chief instrument in the plot The Lord Viscount Gormanston one of their complices Owen O Conally discovers the Plot. Iuâ—â—ice Parsons and Sir Jo. Borlace double their Watches Mac Mahon and Mac-Guire their Lodgings watched Mac Mahon and his men after some resistance are sâ—cured and confess the Plot. The Lord Mac-guire seized The Council warn the people of the Rebellion by Proclamation The Lord Blaweys House Wife and Children surprised The Newry surprized with several other places of strength The Rebels take Dundalk besiege Tredagh They commit horrid Massacres in sundry places 1800 Pâ—rsons drowned 150000 Persons destroyed in the Province of Ulster only in five moâ—ths time Sir Phelim Oneal defeatâ—d at Duâ—dalk Dublin in great streights A Regiment raised for Sir H. Titchburn another for Sir Charles Coot Expresses sent to the King the Lord Lieutenant and the Parliament Owen O Conally rewarded with 200 l. in money and a pension of 200 l. per anum The Earl of Ormond Lieu. Gen. marched to Dublin with divers other Captains Major Roper with 600 Foot to Tredagh With 50 Horse under Sir Pat. Weems surprized by the Rebels and routed Some Rebels executed at Wicklo Luke Tool encounters Sir Charls Coote and is puâ— to flight The Lords and Gentry of the English Pale declare for the Roman Catholick Religion The Rebels in Lemster 20000 strong Sir Simon Harcourt arrives with a Regiment at Tredagh The Rebels are disheartned and defeated by Sir Henry Titchburn who recovered Dundalk Sir Phelim O Neal escapes to Ulster Sir George Monro recovers Newry and do's the Rebels much damage Tumults from London affront the King and Court Sir William Mason heads the Gentlemen of Grays-Inne to White-Hall prostering them and himself to his Majesty as a guard for his person The King receives them with respect The Tumultuous rabble countenanced by some Grandees of the faction Whereat the King is much troubled He demands five Members of the House of Commons and the Lord Kimbolton The House vote it a breach of priviledge They accuse several Bishops as guilty of high Treason They are Committed The Irish are proclaimed Rebels The King declares his charge against the five members The Parliament imprisons Sir Edw. Herbert The Tumults increase and the King retires to Hampton-Court A rumour concerning the Lord Digby Col. Lunsford committed The Scots interpose themselves the Parliament demands the Tower and the Militia Buckinghamshire men petition in behalf of Mr. Hambden The King leaves Hampton-Court the Queen and Princess of Aurange take ship for Holland The Parliament vote the Queen a Traytor The Militia the principal difference between King and Parliament The Commission of Arry An Ordinance of Parliament for ordering the Militia The Parliament send several Papers to the King The King is much troubled thereat and answers The Parliament declare their resolution of putting the Kingdom into a posture of defence The Earl of Warwick made Admiral of England The King answers the Parliaments Declation with another He offers a free Pardon to his people and propounds a râ—â—â—â—ciliation The faction set forth another Declaration concerning the Militia The King sends a Message to the Parliament concerning Ireland They plead the priviledge of Parliament The King proclaims against Papists The Yorkshire Gentry desire a right understanding between King and Parliament The King returns a gratious answer He resolving to go for Ireland sends a Message to the Parliament Sir John Hotham admitted into Hull The Parliament Petition the King for the Militia they insist upon the dangers of Popery Hull is Garrison'd and the King is troubled that they should Petition him and at the instant carve at their one pleasures He excuseth his repriving of some Iâ—suites The Parliament refuse to be governed by Commissioners in his Majesties absence The King resolves to possess himself of Hull But is denyed entrance by Sir John Hotham who stood on the Walls and â—eard himself proclaimed a Traytor The Duke of York and Prince â—lector bring in the Town are suffered to depart The King retreatâ—d to Beverly writes to the Mayor and Garrison of Hull And to the Parliament for Iâ—â—tice against Hotham Tâ—e Parliament order the Lord Liâ—â—tenant of Lincoln to â—uppress all Forcâ—s raiâ—ed against Hull Sir Richard Gurney Loâ—d Mayor 〈◊〉 London sent to the Tower The Parliament Authorize Sir John Hotham to raise the Trained Bands The King sâ—mmons the Gâ—ntry of York for the security of his Person The Parliament Conclude the K. intendeth War They take up Arms â—nder preâ—ence of râ—scuing the King from his evil Couâ—sel and prohibit all resort to the King They publish a Râ—monstrance Which is answâ—red by the King Theâ—â—aviâ—e the Scots to their 〈◊〉 Thâ— Scoâ—s pretend a zâ—al for his Majesty bâ—t deâ—â—aâ—â— for the Parliament and have their thanks Tâ—e Parliament set forth another Remonstrance which the King answers They send him 19 Propositions to York The King returns an answer
surrounded by Waller Round-way Down fight Lord Hopton reâ—â—â—ed by Pr. Maurice Earl of Carnarvan Lord Wilmot and Lord Biron They roâ—t Waller and Hazlerig who fled to Bristol thence to Farnham and so to London The King and Queen at Oxford The young E. of Lindsey at Oxford Bristol delivered to Prince Rupert Dorchester Portland Weymouth and Melcomb submit Bidiford Appleford and Barnstable surrendred Exeter delivered to Prince Maurice Sir John Berkly Governour thereof Adderton-Heath fight Fairfax routed Bradford taken Hallifax quitted Sir H. Cholmley takes Beverley Lady Aubigney brings a Commission of Array to London The designe discovered Mr. Edward Waller fined 10000 pounds Some Lords others suspected Tompkins Chaloner executed Iudge Berkley fined voted incapable of any publike trust and a Prisoner during pleasure The King resolves to gain Glocester The Kings Gratious Summons to the said City Their equivocal Answer Col. Massey the Governour fired the Suburbs and forceth Prince Rupert to retreat The King undermines Glocester The Parliament raise the Trained Bands Waller constituted Major-Gen of Kent Essex Surrey and Hamp-shire Essex Renâ—â—vouzed on Hounsloe-heath lodged at Colebrook P. Rupert with a party of Horse iâ—deavours to impede his march Tâ—e fight in Stow of the Would Gen. Essex at Presbury-hills the siege of Glocester deserted Gen. Essex at Cheltenham Solemn thanks for the dâ—livery of Glocester bâ—th there and at London The King neer Wilt-shire Essex reâ—â—â—ves Tewskbury Glocester 〈…〉 Sir N. Crisp and Col. Spencer and takes Cyreâ—cester Auborn-chase fâ—â—t The Parliamentarians worsâ—ed Marq. De Vieu ville slain Essex marcheth from Hungerford to Newberry Newberry fight Col. Barcley and Col. Holborn charge P. Rupert E. of Carnarvan slain Prince Rupert worsted The Kings Infantry led by Lord Ruthen Earl of Brentford Major-General Skippon principal Commander of the Foot under Essex Both Armies divided by the night Col. Tucker on the Parl. side slain On the K. side the E. of Sunderland and Lord Viscount Faulkland Essex at â—eading 〈…〉 A dâ—â—l between Sir Nicholas Crispe and Sir James Enyon Sir James Enyon kill'd Sir Nicholas Crispe â—ryeâ— by a Council of War and acquitted He kisseth the Kingshand and is pardoned Doctor Featley committed to prison for opposing the Covenant He is received at London in Triumph The King at Oxford The K. committeth Ma. Hamilton to Pendennis Castle A Cessation for a year in Ireland Col. Monk surprized at Nantwich and imprisoned in the Tower of London Mar. of Newcastle sends Forces to the Queen divers places submit to them Hallifax quitted by Fairfax Manchester sent against the Royalists Lyn yeilds to him He Marcheth to assist the L. Willoughby of Parham L. Willohgby surprizeth the Earl of Kingston Col. Cavendish slain Horn-castle fight The E. of Newcastle â—orsted Sir Ingram Hopton and Sir George Bowls slain Manchester besiegeth Lincoln Lincoln City and Minster stormed and taken Sir Iohn Meldrum possesseth Gainsborough Ld. Willoughby possesseth Bullingbrook Castle The King sends Sir Lewis Dives into the Associated Counties He takes Sir Iohn Norris Affrights Hartford-shire and Bedfordshire and returns Sir Lewis Dives Sir Rob. Heath Iustice Forster Sir John Banks and Serjeant Glanvile voted Traytors The Kentish Insurrection in behalf of the K. Lord Hopton marcheth into Kent Essex and Waller recruited Col. Fiennes condemned for Cowardize Essex possesseth it Newport-pagnal abandoned Walter apprinted to attend Hopton Isle of Jersey delivered to Sir John Pennington The French Ambassador splendidly received at Oxford Sir John Hothams revolt and seizure He and his Son sent Prisoners to the Tower Mr. Pym dyes A new great Seal The King declares it treason sends a Messenger to adjourn the Term He is condemned for a spy and hanged The Parliament at Oxford The Scots enter England Divers places surrendred on both sides Prince Rupert relieves Newark and overcomes Sir John Meldrum Brandon or Cheriton-down fight between Sir Wil. Waller and the Lord Hopton March 29. The Kings party worsted Lord Hopton draws off to Winchester from thence to Oxford John L. Stuart Sir John Smith Col. Sandys Col. Scot and Col. Manning slain The Dutch Ambassador at Oxford Sir Charles Blunt slain Essex and Waller joyn Queen goes to Exeter Abbington plundered and Garrison'd Col. Brown Governor thereof The K. marcheth to Worcester The Parl. divide their Forces Waller sent a King-catching and Essex into the West Prince Rupert sent to York Corpredy fight Waller sets upon the K. is gallantry received by the Earls of Cleaveland Northampton and put to flight The Princess Henrietta born at Exeter the Queen goes to France The E. of Essex defeated at Lestithiel Marq. of Newcastle Besieged in York by the E. of Manchester Lord Fairfax and Lesly Prince Rupert raiseth the Siege of Latham house takes divers places The Siege of York raâ—â—d Marston-Moor fight Prince Rupert commands the Main Battel Marq. of Newcastle one Wing General Goring Sir Charles Lucas and Major-General Porter several parties The Parliaments Horse Scotch Cavalry routed The Victory dubious in other parts where the E. of Manchesters Horse engaged Cromwel his Lieut. Gen. a most indefatigable Souldier Sir Tho. Barker Sir John Pettus Capt. Allen c. imprisoned An account of Oliver Cromwels life Born of an ancient Family at Huntington Married to Elizabeth the Niece of Sir Rob. Steward who settled on him an Estate after he had consumed his Patrimony and intended for new-New-England Sir Robert Steward declares O. C. his Heir Cromwel gets into favour with the Faction they procure him to wife Elizabeth the Daughter of Sir James Bòwcher and choose him Burgess for Cambridge The Marq. of Newcastle defeated His Lambs excellent Souldiers They are overpowred and destroyed P. Rupert fled to Thursk c. The Parl. Generals march to the Siege at York from whence they rose to fight The loss of men so great on both sides that the Inhabitants were poysoned with the smell of the Dead bodies Marq. Newcastle L. Widrington Gen. King Sir Wil. Vavasor and others pass over to Hamburgh Slain on the K. side the L. Cary and Sir Tho. Metham On the Parl. side the Lord Diddup York yielded by Sir Thomas Glenham The Parliament raise new Lâ—vies A strange Tax laid upon London Easingâ—house besieged by Sir Wil. Waller And relieved by Col. Gage and Col. Sir G. Buncley The besiegers at Last depart The siege of Dennington-Castle The summons by Col. Middleton The Answer from Sir John Boys the Governour The besiegers assault the Castle come off with loss and depart They are met by Sir Francis Dorrington Sir W. Courtney and worsted They afterwards rout a party of the K. Horse neer Sherburn Dennington-castle again Summoned by Col. Horton Manchester comes to his assistance They batter the Castle but in vain they depart The defacing of Churches in City and Country Sir R. Harloe a forward zealot The King sends a Message for peace An Association of Club-men Banbury Siege raised The Earl of Northampton and Col. Gage the Governour of
attempting Waterford in vain departs Col. Jones dyes of the Flux The Kings Forces Assault Carrick but depart with loss Both Armies retire to their Winter-quarters Gen. Owen O Neal dyes the Ulster Forces sent into their own Province Luke Taafe sent into Connaght Lord Inchiqueen goes to Clare Lord Dillon into Meath Maj General Hugh O Neal made Governâ—ur of Clonmel for the King Kilkenny garrisoned for the King Crosby betrayeth Kingsale he is Reprieved and pardoned The Marq. of Ormond offers to morgage his Estate for the sâ—pport of the Aâ—my He is at Kilkenny The Irish Souldiers some frighted with the Plague others in necessity revolt to Cromwel The Marq. of Clanrickard Character He supplies Sir George Monro with money Marq. of Ormond at Kilkenny endeavouring with the Lord Clanrickard to proviâ—â— an Army against next spring Sir Charles Coote defeats the Iriâ—â— and takes the Earl of Claneboys Sir Geo Monro delivers Eniskillin to the Enemy Capt. Tickle Executed for designing to betray Kilkenny Marq. of Ormond at Limerick departs in diâ—â—ast to Clare Cromwels Army takes the Field The Kings Army dispersed Ballisanon sold to Cromwel Cahir Castle given him The affairs in Ireland 〈…〉 Marq. of Ormonds 〈◊〉 He withdraws leaving the Marq. Clanrickard to Govern that Kingdom Kilkenny taken Cromwel at Cashel The Lord Clanrickard refuseth to take upon him the Government The Marq. of Ormond courted to continue it to which on certain coâ—ditions he agrees The English under Ormond disbanded and take Conditions Emer Mac Mahon Bp. of Cloghor made General of the Ulster Army Cromwel repulsed and worsted at Clonmel by Maj. General Hugh O Neal Governour thereof Clonmel surrendred to Cromwel David Roch defeated by the L. Broghall The Bp of Rosse and two other Priests hanged Cromwel goes for England Ireton chief Commander in his place An account of the Irish affairs Col. Wogan defeated and taken prisoner Prince Rupert departs Kingsale with his Fleet leaving three empty ships behind him Oct. 24. Col. Morris and Cornet Blackborne Executed at York Aug. Lord Chief-Iustice Heath dyes Sir Kenelm Digby and Mr. Walter Mountague ordered to depart the Kingdom Forrain Princes how affected The Marq. of Montross his Declaration The French 〈◊〉 the importation of cloth The States of Holland dâ—â—y Audiâ—â—â—â— to Strickland the Statâ—â— of Englands 〈◊〉 Thâ— Spaniard prâ—â—ibits his Subâ—â—â—s to seâ—ve our King at â—ea The Gallantry of tâ—â— Emperour Russia He lends the King of England 20000 l. Presbyterian Ministers decline tâ—â— Parliament The Levelâ—rs discontented New commotions by the Levelers John Lilburn chosen a Common-Council-man for London but disabled by the Parliament The Engagement Voted Octob. The terrible Powder-blow in Tower-street Jan. 4. Alderman Hoyle hanged himâ—elf Jan. 30. Gen. Blake commands a Fleet. Prince Rupert blockt up Lisbone Mar. Granger 's notorious Cheats Lord Liberton brings Letters from Scotland to the King at Jersey The Scots appoint Commissioners to treat at Breda The King in danger of drowning The Scots purge their Army 〈◊〉 sendâ— Coâ—â—issioners to the King They except against Malignants Marston the Leveller kills two Messengers and wounding a third escapes is afterwards taken and executed Sir John Berckley and Col. Walter Slingsby secured The Engagement pressed by the Parliament Great Robberies A new Council of State Mr. Ascham and Mr. Vane sent Agents into Spain and Portugal The Names of Ships changed A Fleet sent to Barbadoes against the Lord Willoughby of Parham Cavaliers to depart London Orders concerning Delinquents Estates A new High Court of Iustice constituted Keeble made President thereof An Act against Fornication An Account of the last actions of the Marquess of Montross He was offered to be Capt. of the Scots Guards to the King of France The Emperor at Vienna offers to make him one of his Generals Marquess of Montross Arms for the King in Scotland His ill success The Parliament at Edenburgh Alarmed Col. Straughan sent with a choice party of Horse to oppose him After him follows Lesly and Holborn The Marq Publisheth a Declaration The danger of this attempt Earl of Sunderland opposeth him Dumbath Castle surrendred to the Marquess his Forces Col. Straughan sets upon him The Marq. of Montross defeated Ap. 29. His Standard taken and the bearâ—r thereof slain taken besides on the Marquess his side Col. Hurrey Lord Frendraught Sir Francis Hay c. The Marq. of Montross taken May 3. by the Laird of Aston and conveyed to David Lesley Dumbath Castle yielded to the Covenanters The Covenanters give solemn thanks for their Victory Montross visits his Children at his Father-in-laws the Earl of Southesk His journey to Edenburgh He is mounted on a Cart-horse and delivered to the Executioner bound with Ropes in a Chair and dâ—spitefully used The people pity him but the Ministers revile him He is Imprisoned in the Tol-booth His friends not suffered to visit him The Marquess of Montross sentenced to die by a Committee of Parliament in Scotland Some Members and Ministers sent to examine him He refuseth to answer them The Chancellours Speech in Parliament against the Marquess The Marquess of Montrosses Answer in Parliament The Chancellor comands the Sentence to be read And the Marquess to be conveyed back to prison His noble behaviour there He comes to the Scaffold in rich attire The Marquess of Montross his Speech on the Scaffold Mark the horribâ—â— unchristianity of the Scotch Kirk The Marquess gives moâ—y to the Executioner who according to the Sentence hanged his Declaration and History about his Neck He is hanged on a Gibbet Cromwel for England May. Cromwels cruelty to the English Royallists Col. Wogan escapes An Embassador from Holland Bishop of Cloghor defeated June 18. by Sir Charles Coot Mortally wounded and taken with his Lieut. Gen. Hen. Oneale Marchamount Needham the Parliament-Droll Author of a scurrilous Pamphlet Cromwel returns from his Conquest in Ireland June 6. Prince Rupert blockt up in Lisbon The King ships himself for Scotland from Schevelt June His Majesty complemented by the Nobility of Scotland Fairfax layes down his Commission June 26. The Army marches into Scotland July 22. A light Skirmish and Encounter at Mussleborough July 29. Dr. Levens hanged in â— Cornhill The Kings Statues pulled down Aug. Myn Heer Joachim Resident from the States of Holland sent home Lord-Keeper Lane dieth at Jersey Col. Andrews Executed Aug. 2 on Tower-hill Sir John Gell Sentenced and Cap. Benson Executed October 7. Several surrenders in Ireland Animosities among the Scots Cromwel makes use of them The peremptory resolution of the Kirk of Scotland Cromwel causeth the Kirk-Declaration to be read to his Army Red-house stormed The Armies face one another The English retreat to Dunbar Dunbar fight Sep. 3. The Scots routed Prisoners of Note Sir James Lumsdale Lieu. Gen. of the Army Lord Libberton who died of his wounds Adjutant-General Bickerton Scout-master Campbel Sir Will. Douglas Lâ— Cranston Colonel Gurden c. Their Colours taken ordered to be hung up in Westminster-hall Cromwel 's Letter
of General Lesly Earl of Leven an old Souldier in the Swedish Wars better armed intelligenced and provided than the last year on the 27th of August Lesly desired leave of my Lord Conway for his whole Army to pass to the King with their Petition which he as before avowed to be the honesâ—est loyallest and innocent thing in the World but was refused and stopped Thereupon three hundred Scotch Horse attempted to cross the River and were therein repelled by the shot of the English Musquetiers who were placed under the shelter of a Breast-work This was no sooner done but the Scots with nine pieces of Ordinance which they had placed on the side of the River and blinded them with bushes plaid upon those breast-works which so affrighted the English Infantry being raw Souldiers and not used to the noise and execution of Canon that they presently forsook their Posts cast down their Arms and fled Instantly the Scotch Horse with their General himself advanced but were handsomely welcomed by Commissary-General Wilmot who with the Cavalry which consisted mostly of Gentlemen very stoutly stood to it till they were over-born by number and galled with great Bullets and so forced into a disorderly retreat Here were slain two or three Gentlemen of Quality among which was Cornet Porter Son to Endymeon Porter of the Bed-chamber with some fourscore and odd of common Souldiers The Lord Conway after this defeat carried himself the first news of it to the King that it might not be told by others to his prejudice and Sir Iacob Ashley Governour of Newcastle knowing the place not tenable deserted it sinking the Ordnance in the River so that upon Lesleys approach both that Town and Durham rendred themselves into his hands These losses accelerated the Earl of Strafford into those parts who having the supreme Command of the Army therefore conferred upon him and knowing his Honour and Reputation to be embarqued in this business resolved to put it to the decision of the Sword which he was as well able to manage as his Pen Challengeth the Lord Conway for the disaster at Newborn before the King as if his ill conduct had occasioned it who as stoutly denied it laying the fault as indeed it ought upon the rawness of his Souldiers In Scotland the Earl of Haddington who commanded as Major-General the Forces raised and to be raised in Lothian having recovered from the Souldiers of Berwick Garrison the pieces of Ordnance which Lesley had left behind him at Dunslo and brought them to Dunglass was the next day slain with twenty more Knights and Gentlemen in the midst of his Court by the stones that flew from the Vault neer adjoyning which was then blown up with the Magazine that lay in it Though the Earl of Strafford was so eagerly and intensly bent on fighting with the Scots yet with the King who was loth to run that hazard not knowing how to recruit himself if he were worsted unless he should condescend as much or more to his English Subjects in Parliament those Martial resolutions soon abated to the regret of that Noble Earl whose safety as well as glory consisted in driving the Scots out of this Kingdom So that though the King had declared them to be Rebels and Traytors by Proclamation and commanded that publick Prayers should be put up against them in all Churches and had set up his Royal Standard at York yet now he was contented to treat with them and to that end received from them a Petition stuft with their grievances to which he returned answer by his Secretary of Scotland the Earl of Lanerick That he expected their particular demands which were tendered to him within three days after and imported his Majesties calling a Parliament in England without which there could be no satisfying redress for them Thay had likewise published sometime before their marching into England a Declaration intituled The intentions of the Army which signified that they would not lay down their Armes till the reformed Religion were setled in both Nations upon sure grounds and the causers and abetters of their present grievances and troubles were brought to publique Justice and that in Parliament In order to the speedy accommodation therefore of this quarrel Twelve of the Nobility who were there with the King by name Hertford Essex Bedford Warwick Mulgrave Bristol Bullingbrook Say Mandevil Howard Paget and Brook drew up a Petition to the King and had it delivered after which others of the same contents were brought from London and other places of the Kingdom which unanimously agreed in this That nothing could satisfie the people nor relieve their grievances and pressures but a Parliament This the King willingly assented to and in part condescended to other of the Scots demands and for the present summoned the Lords of England to appear at York where accordingly they met and on the first day of their sitting in Council it was agreed that a Parliament should be called to convene the third of November next And in reference to the Scotch business and the poor oppressed Northern Counties where both the Armies that Summer had quartered the Bishoprick of Durham being then taxed by the Scots at three hundred and fifty pound the Country of Northumberland at three hundred pound a day it was also resolved that a Treaty should be had and thereupon sixteen English Lords whereof eight were Earls the other Barons should meet with so many of the Scotch Nobility and the place was assigned at York which was refused as not safe enough for the Scotch Commissioners by reason of the presence of the Lord Deputy Strafford who had proclaimed them Traytors in Ireland and against whom they had matters of high Complaint And so it was resolved it should begin at Rippon The first thing the English insisted on was a present Cessation but the Scots objected against that and said that other things were more expedient to be first considered For as they would obey the Kings command in advancing no further so would they not go back again till they had accomplisht the business they came for and therefore propounded four Praeliminaries to be resolved on which were concluded on and agreed to At the first of these That the Scotch Army should be paid and maintained out of the English purse the Earl of Strafford was highly incensed and enraged being so dishonourable a thing to the Nation and therefore would have perswaded the King to give him leave to fight them no way doubting but that he should be able to drive them presently into Scotland again though accounted then far superiour in Discipline and Souldiery to the English Army But the affair of the Treaty was so far advanced for the reasons aforesaid that there was no fair way of receding if the King had been powerful enough to have combated them as some made no scruple so that on the 16 th of October the English Commanders
Sea-marks set up much riding posting with packquets whispering and tales telling The Earl of Northumberland Admiral of England is commanded with all speed to rigg the Kings ships and equip them forth-with for the Sea And because of his indisposition that charge is conferred on the Earl of Warwick against whom the King took great exception one very affectionate to the Cause which then first began to be in every mans mouth The Declaration aforesaid was carried to Royston whither the King was removed from Theobalds by the Earls of Pembrook and Holland who delivered him the substance of it to which he returned in a most polite Declaration also and verbally told the Lords that for the Militia he would not trust his wife and children with it for an hour that it was never asked of any King That to their Fears and jealousies he would take time to satisfie all the world hoping that God would in his good time discover the bottoms and secrets of all plots and treasons and set him upright with his people The substance of his Declaration was this That he had little encouragement to Replyes of this nature when he is told of how little value his words are with them though accompanied with Love and Iustice That his honour ought not to be wounded under the common stile and imputation of evil Councellours That he had formerly declared his faithful affection to the Protestant Profession his whole life answerable in practice which should rather be acknowledged by them than any designe of his framed and declared to alter it in this Kingdom calling God to be witness and wishing that the judgement of Heaven may be manifested on those that have or had any such designe Concerning his sense of his good Subjects in Ireland what had he not done in his Messages to both Houses offering his own person ready to venture for their preservation and redemption being to give God an account of his interest in them Denyes any designe of forcing the Parliament by his Army and other particulars of the Petition of passes granted Col. Leg my Lord Jermins Pass as likewise the Lord Digbies And as for advertisements from Rome Venice Paris the Popes Nuncio the Kings of France and Spain He is confident â—o sober man in the Kingdom will believe that he is so desperate or senceless to entertain such designes to bring the Kingdom to destruction and bury his name and posterity in perpetual infamy He adds in conclusion could there yet want evidence on his part to joyn with his Parliament Look back upon their own Remonstrance in November last of the State of the Kingdom which valued his Acts of Grace and Iustice at so high a rate that it declared the Kingdom a gainer though it should charge it self by Subsidies and Pole-money six millions of pounds besides the Contracting the Sents demands of two hundred and twenty thousand pounds Nay more he hath passed those Bills for the triennial Parliament for relinquishing his Title to impose upon Merchants goods and his power of pressing of Souldiers for suppressing the Court of Star Chamber High-Commission regulating the Council-Table Are these but words The Bills for the Forrests the Stannery Courts the Clerk of the Markets the taking away the Vote of the Bishops nothing but words what greater earnest can be given than the Bill for the continuance of the Parliament The length of which he wishes may never alter the nature of Parliaments And for a perfect reconciliation with his people he offers a free pardon Nor doth he repent of his favours done them but will meet them in an honourable way to add more with the greatest readiness and kindness for the peace Honour and Prosperity of the Nation This seemed satisfactory to the unprejudiced and sober but prevailed not at all with the factious and giddy multitude and less with their Chiefs and Abetters who now emit the Ordinance for the defence of the Kingdom which is resolved to be no whit prejudicial to the Oath of Allegiance and Supremacy and next that the Kings Commissioners of Lieutenancy over the respective Counties are illegal and void That their Ordinance for the Militia is to be obeyed as the fundamental law of this Kingdom and prepare another Declaration to that purpose As the King removed North-ward his mind went South-ward though the Showers gathered there which soon after came down in a storm But it is a question whether if the King had returned his influence had not dispelled and dissipated them which thickned presently together and resisted that light which Majesty dispenced in many after-gratious offers and condescentions till the setting of it after a big and fatal revolution Therefore he sends another Message to them from thence that he means to take up his residence at York conjures them to dispatch the business of Ireland and if calamities increase upon his Protestant Subjects there he shall wash his hands before all the World from any imputation upon him He saith that as he hath been forward to retract any thing intrenching upon them so he expects an equal tenderness in them towards him in any unquestionable and fundamental priviledge That his Subjects be not obliged to obey any Act Order or Injunction to which his Majesty hath not given his consent And therefore requires that they presume not upon pretence of any Order or Ordinance to which his Majesty is not a party of the Militia or any other thing to do or execute against the laws he being to keep the laws himself and his Subjects to obey them To this all the reply they made was That to have their Vote questioned or contradicted is a high breath of priviledge of Parliament and a Committee was by them appointed to examine where and by whom this Message was counselled and as the total of all this absurdity they justifie their last Declaration in every particular The King knowing what the Parliament drove at chiefly to render him suspect of favouring Papists being at Stamford published a Proclamation for putting the Laws in due execution against Papists this somewhat abated the charge which his enemies laboured to fix on him for this particular though they wrested this also giving out that it was a time-serving policy and that nothing less was intended What the two Houses did ambiguously supplicate the York-shire Gentry did cordially beg of the King desiring by such expedients as his Majesties own judgment should dictate a right understanding betwixt him and his Parliament to whom they would likewise address themselves The King returned a gratious answer with thanks tells them that he is not mistaken in the confidence of their affections nor will he ever deceive their expectations from him But as to the prayer of the Petition the alone way of a good understanding was for the Parliament to consider of his Message of the 20th of Ianuary that the Militia be setled by Act of Parliament explained in his
in that Town which was totally infected with Puritanism and Zelotry and this was his first projection and design of ambition besides that it priviledged him from Arrests his Estate being sunk again and not to be repaired but by the General Ruine I have the rather insisted upon him here because this is the place from whence he began to appear in that eminence which shewed him to the people as a most able Champion of the Parliaments cause and from whence it is thought he first derived those ambitious thoughts which after Ruined three Kingdoms To give him his due the Honour of this Field was mainly if not solely ascribable to his courage for with his Regiment of Curassiers he broke through all that withstood him Defeating all the Northern Horse under the Marquess of Newcastle at which time the main bodies joyned animated and incouraged by his success Being thus over-powred both in Front and Flank the Royallists began to flie and Cromwel being impatient of any longer demur to his victory which he had so fairly bid for omitted not to prosecute the same In this unhappy juncture the Princes right Wing returned to the field but all was grown so desperate and in such confusion and disorder that it was impossible to Ralley them and the fearful execution that was made among them had quite taken away the hearing of any Command or obedience to Discipline There was yet standing two Regiments of the Lord New-castle's one called by the name of his Lambs these being veterane Souldiers and accustomed to fight stood their Ground and the fury of that impression of Cromwel which Routed the whole Army besides nor did the danger nor the slaughter round them make them cast away their Arms or their courage but seeing themselves destitute of their friends and surrounded by their enemies they cast themselves into a Ring where though quarter was offered them they gallantly refused it and so manfully behaved themselves that they flew more of the enemie in this particular fight than they had killed of them before At last they were cut down not by the Sword but showers of bullets after a long and stout resistance leaving their enemies a sorrowful victory both in respect of themselves whom they would have spared as in regard of the loss of the bravest men on their own side who fell in assaulting them A very inconsiderable number of them were preserved to be the living monuments of that Brigades Loyalty and valour The Prince after this defeat fled to Thursk and so through Lancashire and Shropshire the way he came Night ended the pursuit for it was eleven a clock before the fight ceased else more blood had been shed and the Parliaments Generals to the siege at York from whence they rose to give the Prince battel Here were slain to the number of 8000 and upwards in the field and flight which at certain was divided equally between both Armies For what slaughter was made by the Prince upon the Scots and Fairfax was requited by Cromwel on the left Wing as aforesaid and the fight was furious and bloody there It must needs be a great carnivage for a month after the Battel though the slain bodies were put into pits and covered there was such a stench thereabouts that it almost poisoned them that passed over the Moor and at Kendal a place near adjacent the Bell for six weeks together never ceased tolling for the inhabitants who were poysoned and infected with the smell The Marquess of Newcastle and the Lords and Colonels of his party who complyed not with the Prince in the resolution of fighting his men having been so long cooped up in York and in no present condition for battel took shipping at Newcastle and passed over to Hamburgh among whom was the Lord Widdrington General King Sir William Vavasor killed afterwards in the Swedes service at Copenhagen and many others which proved the utter loss of the North to the King Here were slain of persons of quality a good number such as Knights and Squires and the like particularly on the Kings side the Lord Cary Eldest son to the Earl of Monmouth and Sir Thomas Metham on the Parliament-side the Lord Diddup a Scotch Lord remarkable by this that when it was told the King at Oxford that such a Lord was slain on the Parliaments side he answered that he had forgot there was such a Lord in Scotland To which one replyed That his Majesty might well do so for the Lord had forgot he had such a King in England The Victor Army being come again before York summoned the City again they had used before their utmost indeavours by Mines and Assaults in one whereof they lost near one thousand men and were beaten off to have entred to which the Governour returned answer that he was no whit dismayed with their present success yet nevertheless on equal Conditions he would come to a Treaty and Surrender which in nineteen days after the battel was concluded on The main Articles were That the Garrison should march out according to the honourable custome of War That the Garison the Parliament put in should consist two parts of three of the County of York That the Citizens should be indempnified as well those absent as present and have the benefit of those Articles That the Cathedral and Churches should receive no prejudice c. According to which agreement the Governour and Garison departed the 23 day of Iuly but the Articles were most of them basely infringed and violated by plundering the people that departed out of York to Skipton whither by Articles they were to be convoyed New Levies were at this time ordered to be made by the Parliament amounting to twelve thousand Horse and Foot in the Southern parts of England and as many more were by their directions to their Commissioners in Scotland intended to be raised there for a supply and reinforcement of that Army then in England and like sums of money proportioned thereunto the Scots crying Give give while the Citizens of London paid for all upon whom this year an odd kind of Tax was laid for the setting out of Sir William Wallers Army as was unpractised ever in any War that every Citizen should pay as much every Tuesday as his expences for a meal for his family usually amounted to During the Kings absence in the West and the Princes in the North Sir William Waller had recruited himself and joyned with the forces of Colonel Norton and Colonel Morley who had drawn down before Basing a house of the Marquess of Winchesters garrisoned by him and kept for the King which being distressed for want of Ammunition and provision was close laid to by the enemy Many brave Salleys were made and a multitude of men they slew so that it was afterwards called Basting-house Waller was resolved not to rise cost what it would at length relief was put into
Assembly was ordered to bring in their Model of Church-Government and those Resolves were urged afterwards by many hundred Petitions and the Covenant prest to be universally taken Towards the end of this month they had licked up the form of their Directory but could not agree about the receiving of the Sacrament which dispute was then committed Hereupon the Parliament procâ—eded and voted the abolishing of the Common-Prayer-Book which gave some satisfaction to the Scots yet not fully contended them they had in the beginning of our Troubles openly named the Archbishop of Canterbury and prosecuted him as an Enemy to their Country as the great Incendiary of the broyls between both Nations and did not desist while they had him safe in the Tower now they would have his life also as a gratification of their assistance His head must be danced off like St. Iohn Baptist's at the Musick of their Bag-pipes This they publikely demanded so that an Ordinance for the Parliament durst not venture his Tryal at the Common-Law as was thought by some because of the clause of that Bill of Attainder against the Earl of Strafford that his Case should be no precedent and they knew the Judges though they might pack a Jury that should would never venture to condemn him And his tryal by Peers they vouchsafed not as alike dangerous passed the House of Commons whereby he was declared guilty and that sent up to the Lords for their concurrence who bogled at it as a very ill precedent so that it stuck for a while until Sir David Hawkins with his veterane Troops of Justice-cryers came bawled at the Lords House for speedy Execution of Delinquents And then a new Expedient was set on foot for the better dispatch that the Lords should come and sit in the House of Commons as to this business and make one work of it which some of them unworthily did an ill Omen or Presage what that degenerateness would come to when after some of the same persons sate there as Commoners By this trick after several brave Defences made at the Bar of the Lords House where with might and main his Enemies prosecuted his Innocence he was condemned the main Argument against him being used by Serjeant Wild That he was so guilty an offender that he wondred the people did not pull him in pieces as he came to and fro to his tryal and on the tenth of Ianuary brought to Tower-hill from a most sound and sweet repose that night till awakened by Pennington the Lieutenant of the Tower to go to his Execution whereat he was no whit dismayed his colour being as fresh in his Face as ever it was in his life which continued to his last minute At his death he made a Funeral-sermon for himself which was in lieu of a Speech where this is as he hinted it to be observed that though other Arch-bishops had lost their lives in this manner yet not the same way He being the first English-man that ever was condemned by an Ordinance of Parliament His body was decently interred in Alhallows Barkin London according to the Rites and Ceremonies of the Church of England of which he had been the chief Defender and Assertor leaving Sir Iohn Robinson his Nephew since Lieutenant of the Tower to inherit the remains of his Estate and the rewards of his great Services and Munificences to this Church and Kingdom Abington had been made a Garrison ever since the Earl of Essex marched into Cornwal and became so troublesome a neighbour to Oxford and the Country adjacent by the continual excursions of the Horse which were never less than a Regiment that Colonel Sir Henry Gage to prevent this perpetual annoyance no man daring to travail upon any of the Roads towards Oxford with provisions or other business more especially hindering the intercourse betwixt Oxford and Wallingford resolved to build a Fort at Culham-bridge within a mile of Abington on the London-road to repress the boldness of those parties who were constantly out thereabouts upon designes In the attempt thereof and to obstruct so dangerous an obstacle to their Eruption the Abingdon-forces under Colonel Brown Sally out Engage and maintain a short fight with the Royalists with little hopes of prevailing till an Unfortunate shot wounded Colonel Gage in the head of which he dyed as soon as he came to Oxford and so that project was laid aside The King had so closely prosecuted his intentions for Peace that it being in the depth of Winter both Armies in their quarters and the two Factions of Presbytery and Independency jealous of one another the modelling of the Army requiring also some gain and advantage of time a Treaty so often proposed by the King was now admitted to be managed at Vxbridge by Commissioners on both sides The Kings Commissioners were as Follow Duke of Richmond and Lenox Marquess of Hertford Earl of Southampton Earl of Kingston Earl of Chichester Lord Capel Lord Seymore Lord Hatton Lord Culpeper Sir Edward Nicholas Sir Edward Hide afterwards Lord Chancellor Sir Richard Lane Sir Thomas Gardiner Sir Orlando Bridgeman Mr. Iohn Ashburnham Mr. Ieffery Palmer Dr. Stuart and Dr. Hammond Divines The Parliaments Commissioners were Earl of Northumberland Earl of Pembroke Earl of Salisbury Earl of Denbigh Lord Wenman Mr. Denzil Hollis Mr. William Pierpoint Sir Henry Vane Jun. Mr. Crew Mr. Whitlock Mr. Prideaux Mr. Vines a Minister The Scotch Commissioners Lord London Sir Charles Erskin Mr. Dundas Mr. Brackley Mr. Alexander Henderson Minister The main things first to be treated of were first Religion second Militia third Ireland For Religion the King would not alter Government by Bishops but would give way to some amendments in the Liturgie upon advice For the Militia he would consent some Forts and Garrisons should remain in the Parliaments hands pro tempore for security of the agreement the King having the nomination of half the Commissioners For Ireland the King would not abrogate the Cessation until he were sure the Rebellion here were at an end having to avoid that popular demand and to prevent any insisting upon that point given Order to the Marquess of Ormond to conclude a Peace but however to continue the Cessation for a year for which he should promise the Irish if he could have it no cheaper to joyn with them against the Scots and Inchiqueen for by that time the King said he hoped his condition would be such as the Irish should be glad to accept of less or he enabled to grant more The Parliament on the contrary side insisted as to Religion upon the taking away of the Kings Ecclesiastical Jurisdiction his Donations and Temporalties of Bishopricks his First-fruits and Tenths of Bishops Deans Deans and Chapters not offering to constitute the least dependance of the Clergy upon the King to the Presbyterian mode compensating him with Bishops Lands in lieu of all those which of
Dragoons with him and the place Tenable and Prince Rupert was also on his way to relieve it from Bristol with 1500 Horse and Foot but Okey's Dragoons creeping on their bellies over the Bridge to the Gate which they fired made the Governour surrender Iuly the 29. upon Articles To return to Sherburn-Castle there Sir Lewes Dives was Governour who made a most notable defence which for the honour of that noble Knight who so constantly and through so many hazards adhered to the King and because this was a place of remarque and the first that endured a formal siege in the beginning of the War shall be more largely spoken of A Hay-stack August the fifth at night within a stones throw of the Works was gained a Storm was then resolved on but afterwards deferred and Battery and Approaches pitcht upon together with Mining for that the ground wherein the Castle stood was minable Much hurt was done out of the Castle by Birding-peices by very skilful Marks-men several Officers and Gunners being killed by such shot Both Mines and Galleries were now made every worker being rewarded with twelve pence a day and twelve pence a night so hazardous was the service and then a second Summons was sent in with an offer from the General that the Ladies and Women might depart Sir Lewis acknowledged that civility but contemned the peremptoriness of the demand The Miners were got within two yards of the Wall where the Rock appearing they began to doubt of any effect but it proving but a soft stone on the 14 of August the great Guns played and had made a Breach by the evening in the middle of the Wall so that ten a breast might enter and one of the Towers was beaten down when the Parliament-Souldiers were so venturous as for six pence a Bullet to fetch off all the Cannon-shot that rebounded from the Castle of which there was great scarcity A third Summons was now sent in to deliver the Castle or expect extremity to which Sir Lewis told the Drum that he would hang him That the language was so far different from what he had formerly received that he could not believe it came from the same hand That whatever happened he would not lose his honour to save his life which he should think well bestowed in the service The Mine being now ready to spring a general Assault was resolved on the Gallery being advanced so neer the Works that the Souldiers pulled the Wool out of the Woolsacks from the besieged who made fires all night to discover the Mines and Approaches Two of the Towers were also gained and with that encouragement the Assaylants without order improved it forcing them within from their Guns which they had planted to oppose their entrance at the Breach so that presently they were forced to quit the great Court within the Castle Which so disheartned them that the Besiegers hastily and before the time appointed leapt over the Works and so into the Castle which was followed by the whole Army who presently possessed themselves of it and plundered it sufficiently stripping every person within it but because of the little opposition they found giving indifferent good quarter Sir Lewis was taken Prisoner and kept so a long while in the Tower till after the death of the King being designed for the slaughter also he made an escape from his Keeper at White-hall whither he was brought to be examined and soon after did notable service in Ireland for his present Majesty There were taken also 400 Prisoners Colonel Giles Strangeways Sir William Walcot Colonel Thornhil and the Clubmen of the parts adjacent fully quieted by the loss of this place their Leaders being sent Prisoners with those of Sherburn The next place designed as a further Trophee of the Parliaments victorious Army after some dispute because Plymouth was straightly beset and in the same plight now as Taunton formerly was Bristol In the march of the Army thither Colonel Rainsborough took in Nunny-Castle the 21 of August upon condition of liberty to go to their own houses Commissary-General Ireton was first sent with 2000 Horse to secure the Villages and Towns adjacent to Bristol from being fired by the Royalists in that City which because of its importance being justly reckoned in the first rank of populous Cities of the Kingdom and the onely considerable part the King had for Shipping Trade and Riches and lay advantagious for supplies from Ireland was thought necessary to be reduced and the danger of leaving so considerable a strength of 3000 Horse and Foot as Prince Rupert could make in the field and leave a sufficient Garrison besides was no inconsiderable motive to the attempt At the setting down of the Army several Salleys were made with different success Sir Bernard Ashley mortally wounded and taken under the Walls when on the fourth of September a Summons was sent in unto Prince Rupert which for its extraordinary civility and stile and that seeming reverence it bears for here the game began this being the first tast of this Model and drawn by Ireton is very delightful to insert For his Highness Prince Rupert SIR FOr the service of the Parliament I have brought their Army before the City of Bristol and do Summon you in their Names to render it with all the Forts belonging to the same into my hands for their use Having used this plain language as the business requires I wish it may be as effectual unto you as it is satisfactory to my self that I do a little expostulate with you about the Surrender of the same which I confess is a way not common and which I should not have used but in respect to such a person and such a place I take into consideration your Royal Birth and Relation to the Crown of England your Honour Courage the vertues of your person and the strength of that place which you may think your self bound and able to maintain Sir the Crown of England is and will be where it ought to be we fight to maintain it there but the King misled by evil Counsellours or through a seduced heart hath left his Parliament under God the best assurance of his Crown and Family the maintaining of this Schism is the ground of this unhaâ—pie War on your part and what sad effects it hath produced in the three Kingdoms is visible to all men To maintain the rights of the Crown and Kingdom joyntly a principal part thereof is that the King in Supream Acts is not to be advised by men of whom the Law takes no notice but by his Parliament the great Council of the Kingdom in whom as much as man is capable of he hears all his people as it were at once advising him and in which multitude of Counsellours lies his safety and his peoples Interest And to see him right in this hath been the constant and faithful endeavours of the Parliament and to bring those
Souldiers and double Files clean through Westminster-hall up to the stairs of the House of Common and so through the Court of Requests to the Lords House the Souldiers looking scornfully upon many of these Members as they were instructed to know them that had sate in the absence of the Speakers and seated the Speakers respectively in their Chairs and was by them in return placed in a Chair of State where they gave him special thanks for his service to the Parliament and likewise appointed to signalize his desert a solemn day of Thanksgiving for the re-settlement of the Parliament their usual prophane and impious practice of mocking God to which they now added the abuse of the Creature at a Dinner provided for the Parliament and chief Officers of the Army by the City at whose costs they sâ—râ—eited while the Poor thereof starved through want of Trade which decayed sensibly in a short time no Bullion likewise being afterwards brought to the Mint Sir Thomas Fairfax was now likewise constituted Generalissimo so sudden their favour and so great their confidence of all the Forces and Forts in England to dispose of them at his pleasure and Constable of the Tower of London The Common Souldiers were likewise ordered a Months gratuity and the General remitted to his own discretion for what Guards he should please to set upon both Houses in such a servile fear were those Members that sate in the absence of the Speakers that they durst not dissent from any thing propounded by the contrary Faction The effect of this was that the Independents displaced immediately all Governours though placed by Ordinance of Parliament and put in men of their own party which they could not so currantly do before and by vertue of the same the Militia's of London Westminster and Southwark from whence was their sole danger which were all united before were now divided to make them the weaker the Lines of Communication dismantled that the Parliament and City mightly open to any sudden invasion that so they might have a perpetual and easie awe upon their Counsels and actions The Eleven Impeached Members before mentioned who had superseded themselves and were newly re-admitted the Army not being able to produce their Charge upon pretence of more weighty affairs now altogether withdrew and had Passes though some staid in London some for beyond Sea and other for their homes in the way whither one of them Mr. Nichols was seized on and basely abused by Cromwel another Sir Philip Stapleton one who had done them very good service passed over to Calice where falling sick as suspected of the Plauge he was turned out of the Town and perished in the way near to Graveling whose end was inhumanely commented on by our Mamaluke like Saints who inscribed it to the Divine Vengeance Having thus Levelled all things before them they proceed to an abrogation of all those Votes Orders and Ordinances that had passed in the absence of the said Speakers This was first carried in the Lords House without any trouble the Peers that sate there that time absenting themselves so that there was not more than seven Lords to make up their House By these an Ordinance was sent to the Commons for their concurrence to make all Acts Orders and Ordinances passed from the 26 of Iuly to the sixth of August following when the Members did return Void and Null ab initio This was five or six days severally and fully debated and as often put to the question and carried in the Negative yet the Lords still renewed the same Message to them being prompted and instigated by the Army rejecting their Votes nor would acquiesce but put them to Vote again contrary to the priviledge of the House of Commons nor could it pass for all the threats of the Sollicitour-General Saint Iohn one mancipated to the Faction nor the fury of Hazelrigg when he used these words Some Heads must fly off and he feared the Parliament of England would not save the Kingdom of England but that they must look another way for safety To which sence spoke Sir Henry Vane junior Thomas Scot Cornelius Holland Prideaux Gourdon Sir Iohn Evelin junior and Henry Mildway all Regicides and Contrivers of it until the Speaker perceiving some plain apparent enforcements must be used pulled a Letter out of his pocket from the General and General Council of the Army for that was now their stileâ— pretending he then received it which soon terrified the Members either by withdrawing themselves or sitting mute as if they had been Planet-struck into a compliance so that the next morning August the 20. in a thin House the Ordinance passed the procuring thereof being palpably and notoriously forced and Arbitrary This Letter to the Speaker was received by him over-night as was conceived with directions to conceal it if the Question had passed in the Affirmative But that not fadging it was was produced in the nick accompanied with a Remonstrance full of villanous language against those that continued sitting while the two Speakers were with the Army calling them pretended Members and taxing them in General with Treason Treachery and Breach of Trust declaring that if they shall presume to come there before they have cleared themselves that they did not give their assents to such and such Votes they should sit at their Peril and he would take them as Prisoners of War and try them at a Council of War Having thus invalidated or annihilated those Laws the Law-makers could not think to escape untouched Iudgement began with the House of Lords whose degenerate remnant upon an Impeachment carried up by Sir Iohn Evelin the younger of High Treason in the name of the Commons of England for their levying War against the King Parliament and Kingdom committed the Earls of Suffolk Lincoln and Middlesex the Lords Berkley Willoughby of Parham Hunsdon and Maynard to the Black Rod. Then divers of the House of Commons were suspended as Mr. Boynton others committed to the Tower as Recorder Glyn and Sir Iohn Maynard but the wrath of the Army â—ell principally on the Citizens the chief of whom were viz. the Lod Mayor Sir Iohn Gayre Alderman Adams Alderman Langham Alderman Bunch and Sheriff Culham with others these without any more ado than an Impeachment preferred against them by Miles Corbet one of the Regicides and Chair-man to the Close-Committee of Examinations to the House of Lords were never being called to any Bar sent Prisoners to the Tower of London where they lay a long time and could never obtain a Trial but at last sued out a precious and precarious liberty so that by this means the Spirit of Presbytery was quite daunted and the Independent Faction absolutely ruled the roast and were paramount Poyntz and Massey fled over to Holland and so escaped Having concluded this Contrast or Feud betwixt them we will see with what aspect they regard their Soveraign upon whom
Thoâ—nhills Regiments of Horse and the other over Ribley-River whom the Body of the Army â—ollowed most of their Foot under Major-General Baily came that night to Wigan fighting and crying Quarter in the Rear and the next day to Warrington-Bridge where in their way at a place called Red-bank in a narrow lane they made a stand with a Body of Pikes and lined the Hedges with Muskets who so rudely entertained the pursuing Enemy that they were compelled to stop having lost abundance of men and Col. Thornhill himself until the coming up of Col. Pride's Regiment of Foot who after a sharp dispute put those brave Fellows to the run they were Commanded by a little Spark in a blew Bonnet that performed the part of an excellent Commander and was killed on the place After this they never turned Head but ran crying Mercy Mercy so that the noise thereof was heard at 5 Miles distance until they came to Warrington-Bridge where Baily made Conditions for Quarter and rendred himself and 4000 of them Prisoners Middleton was likewise taken with 400 Horse in his flight homeward Hamilton fled first to Namptwich with 3000 Horse where the Country-people surprized 500 of them and thence in haste to Vttoxeter in Staffordshire where he yielded himself to the Lord Gray of Grooby and Col. Wayt who were ready to encounter him and was thence brought prisoner to Ashby de la Zouch where he was kept in great state and courted by those the Grandees appointed to attend him on purpose to cajole and fish out what Great Oues Members of both Houses the City and Clergy had a hand in his undertaking it being more than suspected that he had such Invitation But the unhappy man was yet so fortunate to others as to reveal little or nothing to their prejudice reserving his thoughts till the last extremity for his ransom but he overstood the Market To save the Reader the trouble of particulars he may know that all that ever belonged to that Army was taken the Scots that escaped which were but few hardly carrying a Sword home with them such as got home happened to light upon Monro who was marching after Hamilton with a Reserve and upon news of this defeat hasted back again into Scotland having intelligence that Cromwel was marching towards him Who to compleat his Successes and Designes together thought it expedient to make sure of a party in Scotland that should keep all things quiet there while he should accomplish his intended mischief here and under the notion of Godliness and the Godly Party should amuse and cheat one another to the helping and bringing about his most ungodly Conspiracie To this purpose he marched into Scotland complementing the Kirk-men with the civility of his Journey to secure and settle them in return of their kindness to the Parliament in 1643. who cawed him again and congratulated his Victory in Scripture-Language who was no way behind them in those hypocritical Cantings He was likewise sumptuously feasted by Argyle and others of that Party and lastly by the Committee of Estates of whom he required and obtained that all the Armies both of Monro and Lanerick who yet stood out and Argyle's in opposition to them should be disbanded Berwick and Carlisle being already delivered to him that so there might be none in readiness to hinder his resolutions Secondly that a new Parliament be called And thirdly that none should be elected to sit and Vote there or in the General Assembly that had any hand in the late Invasion under Hamilton And so after many high expressions of their thankful resentments and obligations for his meritorious service took his leave of them and return'd into England being as he passed through York-shire with his Forces desired by that Committee to assist them in the reducing of Scarborough some while before declared for the King Sir Matthew Boynton the former Governour returning to his Allegeance and securing the Town on that score Tinmouth-Castle was likewise seized on for the King by Major Lilburn one of that famous Iohn Lilburn's Brothers who only seriously repented of his disloyalty and would have made satisfaction to the redemption of his Families and his own Honour but was presently and before he had time to fortifie and prepare for defence set upon by Forces sent by Sir Arthur Haslerig from Newcastle who stormed the Castle and carried it putting the Souldiers and Lilburn himself to the Sword Return we now to the distressed and starved Colchester where the Defendants had eaten up most of their Horses in expectation of relief from the Scotch Army being encouraged to hold out by Letters from the Lord Langdale of their Armies speedy advance to their succour But understanding by information from the Enemy without that that Army was totally defeated these unfortunate Heroical Royalists were forced to bethink themselves of a Surrender which Fairfax would now accept upon no other terms after much debate by Treaty than the Common Souldiers to quarter for life and the Officers to mercy These hard Terms were disputed within and were at the first generously scorned and thereupon a resolution was taken seconded with a Protestation whereby they engaged one to another by the assistance of God to break through the Enemy on Friday night the 23 of August but through the dissatisfaction or personal consideration of some of the Grandees this noble Designe was hindered and the Souldiers by the delay and after-consultation of it it being respited a day longer being enjealoused as if the Officers would leave the Foot in the action and shift for themselves and it was impossible to attempt their Line without Foot and Pioneers they were forced to accept of the former Conditions and accordingly August the 28th they rendred themselves a sad spectacle to all but that barbarous and insulting Enemy who presently stript them of all they had left comfortable their Money and Apparel Within two hours after the surrender Col. Ireton was sent to the Inne where all the Officers were put to acquaint Sir Charles Lucas Sir George Lisle and Sir Bernard Gascoyn that by a doom of the Council of War they were sentenced to be shot to death within three hours and that they should prepare themselves accordingly They all of them undauntedly received this sad Message Sir Charles only desiring some little time longer to prepare himself both in reference to his peace with God and concerns of his Relations which he said he asked not for fear of death or in hope of life which he would not value from their hands But this was refused by Ireton who on purpose to make the General odious then the only impediment to his Father-in-Law's Greatness which was afterwards removed by a more innocent wile had urged him to this murder Seven a Clock at night was the appointed time to prepare them against which Ireton proffered the Generals Chaplain but him they refused the Lord Capel's being
being delivered to the Clerk of the Court the President ordered it should be read but the King bid him hold Nevertheless being commanded by the President to read it the Clerk begun The Charge being read which for its falshood and Treasonable impudence is purposely omitted as imputing to the King the Blood spilt by his presence in several Fights The President replyed Sir you have heard your Charge read c. The Court expects your Answer King I would know by what power I am called hither I was not long ago in the Isle of Wight how I came there is a longer story than I think is fit at this time for me to speak of but there I entred into a Treaty with both Houses of Parliament with as much publike faith as 't is possible to be had of any people in the World I Treated there with a number of Honourable Lords and Gentlemen and Treated honestly and uprightly I cannot say but they did very nobly with me we were upon a concluâ—ion of the Treaty Now I would know by what Authority I mean lawful there are many unlawful Authorities in the world Theeves and Robbers by the high ways but I would know by what Authority I was brought from thence and carried from place to place and I know not what and when I know by what lawful Authority I shall answer Remember I am your King and what sins you bring upon this Land Think well upon it I say think well upon it before you go further from one sin to a greater therefore let me know by what lawful Authority I am seated here and I shall not be unwilling to Answer in the mean time I shall not betray my Trust. I have a Trust committed to me by God by old and lawful descent I will not betray it to Answer to a new and unlawful Authority therefore resolve me that and you shall hear more of me President If you had been pleased to have observed what was hinted to you by the Court at your first coming hither you would have known by what Authority which Authority requires you in the name of the people of England of which you are Elected King to answer them King No Sir I deny that President If you acknowledg not the Authority of the Court they must proceed King I do tell them so England was never an Elective Kingdom but an Hereditary Kingdom for neer these thousand years therefore let me know by what Authority I am called hither I do stand more for the Liberty of my people than any here that come to be my pretended Judges and therefore let me know by what lawful Authority I am seated here and I will Answer it otherwise I will not Answer it President Sir how really you have managed your Trust is known your way of Answer is to interrogate the Court which beseems not you in this condition You have been told of it twice or thrice King Here is a Gentleman Lieutenant-Colonel Cobbet ask him if he did not bring me from the Isle of Wight by force I do not come here as submitting to the Court I will stand as much for the priviledge of the House of Commons rightly understood as any man here whatsoever I see no House of Lords here that may constitute a Parliament and the King too should have been Is this the bringing of the King to his Parliament Is this the bringing an end to the Treaty in the Publike faith of the world Let me see a legal Authority warranted by the Word of God the Scriptures or warranted by the Constitutions of the Kingdom and I will Answer President Sir You have propounded a Question and have been Answered seeing you will not Answer the Court will consider how to proceed in the mean time those that brought you hither are to take charge of you back again The Court desires to know whether this he all the Answer you will give or no King Sir I would desire that you would give me and all the world satisfaction in this let me tell you it is not a slight thing you are about I am sworn to keep the Peace by that duty I owe to God and my Country and I will do it to the last breath of my Body and therefore you shall do well to satisfie first God and then the Country by what Authority you do it if you do it by an usurped Authority that will not last long There is a God in Heaven that will call you and all that give you Power to an account satisfie me in that and I will Answer otherwise I betray my Trust and the Liberties of the people and therefore think of that and then I shall be willing For I do avow that it is as great a sin to withstand lawful Authority as it is to submit to a Tyrannical or any other ways unlawful Authority and therefore satisfie God and me and all the World in that and you shall receive my Answer I am not afraid of the Bill President The Court expects you should give them a final Answer their purpose is to adjourn till Monday next if you do not satisfie your self though we do tell you our Authority we are satisfied with our Authority and it is upon Gods Authority and the Kingdoms and that Peace you speak of will be kept in the doing of Iustice and that 's our present work King Let me tell you if you will shew me what lawful Authority you have I shall be satisfied But what you have hitherto said satisfies no reasonable man President That 's in your apprehension we think it reasonable that are your Iudges King 'T is not my apprehension nor yours neither that ought to decide it President The Court hath heard you and you are to be disposed of as they have commanded Two things were remarkable in this days proceedings It is observed That as the Charge was reading against the King the silver head of his staff fell off the which he wondered at and seeing none to take it up he stoop'd for it himself and put it in his pocket The other that the people as the King went out cried aloud and shouted God save the King while the weaker noise of hired and commanded Souldiers cried out Iustice and Execution at Colonel Axtels Threats and Bastinadoes At the High Court of Iustice sitting in Westminster-Hall Monday January 22. 1648. Upon the Kings coming a shout was made Sollicitor May it please your Lordship my Lord President I did at the last Court in the behalf of the Commons of England exhibit and give into this Court a Charge of High Treason and other High Crimes against the Prisoner at the Bar c. My humble Motion to this High Court is That the Prisoner may be directed to make a positive Answer or else the Charge may be taken pro confesso and the Court may proceed according to Justice President Sir You may remember at
the last Court you were told the occasion of your being brought hither c. you were then pleased to make some scruples concerning the Authority of this Court c. Since that the Court hath taken into consideration what you then said they are fully satisfied with their own Authority and they hold it fit you should stand satisfied with it too and they do require it that you do give a positive and particular Answer to this Charge that is exhibited against you they do expect you should either confess or deny it if you deny it it is offered in the behalf of the Nation to be made good against you their Authority they do avow to the whole world that the whole Kingdom are to rest satisfied in and you are to lose no more time but to give a positive Answer thereunto King When I was here last 't is true I made that Question and truly if it were onely my own particular case I would have satisfied my self with the Protestation I made the last time I was here against the Legality of this Court and that a King cannot be tried by any Superiour Jurisdiction on Earth but it is not my case alone it is the Freedom and Liberty of the people of England and do you pretend what you will I stand more for their Liberties For of Power without Law may make Laws may alter the Fundamental Laws of the Kingdom I do not know what Subject he is in England that can be sure of his Life or any thing that he calls his own therefore when I came here I did expect particular Reasons to know by what Law what Authority you did proceed against me here and therefore I am a little to seek what to say to you in this particular because the Affirmative is proved the Negative often is very hard to do but since I cannot perswade you to do it I shall tell you my Reasons as short as I can My Reasons why in Conscience and the duty I owe to God first and my people next for the preservation of their Lives Liberties and Estates I conceive I cannot answer this till I be satisfied of the legality of it All proceedings against any man whatsoever President Sir I must interrupt you which I would not do but that what you do is not agreable to the proceedings of any Court of Iustice you are about to enter into Argument and Dispute concerning the Authority of this Court before whom you appear as a Prisoner and are Charged as a Delinquent if you take upon you to dispute the Authority of the Court we may not do it nor will any Court give way unto it you are to submit unto it you are to give in a punctual and direct Answer whether you will Answer to your Charge or no and what your Answer is King Sir by your favour I do not know the forms of Law I do know Law and Reason though I am no Lawyer professed yet I know as much Law as any Gentleman in England and therefore under favour I do plead for the Liberties of the people of England more than you do and therefore if I should impose a belief upon any man without Reasons give for it it were unreasonable but I must tell you That by that Reason that I have as thus informed I cannot yield unto it President Sir I must interrupt you you may not be permitted you speak of Law and Reason and there is both against you Sir the Vote of the Commons of England Assembled in Parliament it is the Reason of the Kingdom and they are those two that have given that Law according to which you should have Ruled and Reigned Sir you are not to dispute our Authority you are told it again by the Court. Sir it will be taken notice of that you stand in contempt of the Court and your contempt will be recorded accordingly King I do not know how a King can be a Delinquent not by any Law that ever I heard of all men Delinquents or what you will let me tell you they may put in Demurrers against any proceedings as legal and I do demand that and demand to be heard with my Reasons if you deny that you deny Reason President Sir you have offered something to the Court I shall speak something unto you of the sense of the Court Sir neither you nor any man are permitted to dispute that point you are concluded you may not Demur to the Iurisdiction of the Court if you do I must let you know that they over-rule your Demurrer they sit here by the Authority of the Commons of England and all your Predecessors and you are responsible to them King I deny that shew me one precedent President Sir you ought not to interrupt while the Court is speaking to you this point is not to be debated by you neither will the Court permit you to do it if you offer it by way of Demurrer to the Iurisdiction of the Court they have considered of their Iurisdiction they do affirm their own Iurisdiction King I say Sir by your favour that the Commons of England was never a Court of Judicature I would know how they came to be so President Sir you are not to be permitted to go on in that speech and these Discourses Then the Clerk of the Court read as followeth Charles Stuart King of England You have been accused on the behalf of the people of England of High Treason and other high Crimes the Court have determined that you ought to Answer the same King I will Answer the same as soon as I know by what Authority you do this President If this be all that you will say then Gentlemen you that brought the Prisoner hither take charge of him back again King I do require that I may give in my Reasons why I do not Answer and give me time for that President Sir 'T is not for Prisoners to require King Prisoner Sir I am not an ordinary Prisoner President The Court hath considered of their Iurisdiction and they have already affirmed their Iurisdiction if you will not Answer we shall give order to Record your default King You never heard my Reasons yet President Sir your Reasons are not to be heard against the highest Iurisdiction King Shew me that Jurisdiction where Reason is not to be heard President Sir we shew it you here the Commons of England and the next time you are brought you will know more the pleasure of the Court and it may be their final determination King Shew me wherever the House of Commons was a Court of Judicature of that kind President Serjeant take away the Prisoner King Well Sir remember that the King is not suffered to give his Reasons for the Liberty and Freedom of all his Subjects President Sir you are not to have liberty to use this Language how great a friend you have been to the Laws and Liberties
of the people let all England and the World Iudge King Sir under favour it was the Liberty Freedom and Laws of the Subject that ever I took defended my self with Arms I never took up Arms against the people but for my people and the Laws President The command of the Court must be obeyed no answer will be given to the Charge King Well Sir Then the President ordered the default to be recorded and the contempt of the Court and that no Answer would be given to the Charge And so the King was guarded forth to Sir Robert Cotton's house Then the Court adjourned to the Painted-chamber on Tuesday at twelve a clock and from thence they adjourned again to Westminster-hall at which time all persons concerned were to give their attendance At the High Court of Iustice sitting in Westminster-hall Tuesday January 23. 1648. O yes made Silence commanded The Court called seventy three persons present The King came in with his Guard looking with an austere countenance upon the Court and sate down Cook Sollicitor-General May it please your Lordship my Lord President This is now the third time that by the great grace and favour of this high Court the Prisoner hath been brought to the Bar before any Issue joyned in the Cause My Lord I did at the first Court Exhibit a Charge against him c. My Lord after this great delay of Justice I shall now humbly move your Lordship for speedy Judgment against him My Lord I might press your Lordship upon the whole according to the known Rules of the Law of the Land That if a Prisoner shall stand as contumacious in contempt and shall not put in an Issuable Plea Guilty or not Guilty of the Charge given against him whereby he may come to a fair Tryal that as by an implicite Confession it may be taken pro confesso as it hath been done to those who have deserved more fâ—vour than the Prisoner at the Bar has done but besides my Lord I shall humbly press your Lordship upon the whole Fact The House of Commons the supreme Authority and Jurisdiction of the Kingdom they have Declared that it is notorious that the matter of the Charge is true as it is in truth my Lord as clear as Crystal and as the Sun that shines at Noon-day which if your Lordship and the Court be not satisfied in I have notwithstanding on the People of Englands behalf several Witnesses to produce And thereâ—ore I do humbly pray and yet I must confess it is not so much I as the â—nnocent Blood that hath been shed the cry whereof is very great for Justice and Judgement and therefore I do humbly pray that speedy Judgement be pronounced against the prisoner at the Bar. President Sir you have heard what is moved by the Counsel on the behalf of the Kingdom against you Sir you may well remember and if you do not the Court cannot forget what Dilatory dealings the Court hath found at your hands You were told that it was not for you nor any other man to dispute the Jurisdiction of the Supreme and highest Authority of England from which there is no appeal and touching which there must be no dispute yet you did persist in such carriage as you gave no manner of obedience nor did you acknowledge any Authority in them nor the High Court that constituted this Court of Justice Sir I must let you know from the Court that they are very sensible of these delays of yours and that they ought not being thus Authorized by the Supreme Court of England to be thus trifled withal and that they might in Iustice if they pleased and according to the Rules of Iustice take advantage of the delays and proceed to pronounce Iudgement against you yet nevertheless they are pleased to give direction and on their behalfs I do require you that you make a positive Answer unto this Charge that is against you Sir in plain terms for Iustice knows no respect of persons you are to give your positive and final Answer in plain English whether you be Guilty or not Guilty of these Treasons laid to your charge The King after a little pause said When I was here yesterday I did desire to speak for the Liberties of the people of England I was interrupted I desire to know yet whether I may speak freely or not President Sir you have heard the resolution of the Court upon the like Question the last day and you were told that having such a Charge of so high a Nature against you and your Work was that you ought to acknowledge the Iurisdiction of the Court And to Answer to your Charge Sir if you Answer to your Charge which the Court gives you leave now to do though they might have taken the advantage of your contempt yet if you be able to Answer to your Charge when you have once Answered you shall be heard at large make the best Defence you can But Sir I must let you know from the Court at their commands that you are not to be permitted to issue out into other discourses till such time as you have given a positive Answer concerning the Matter that is Charged upon you King For the Charge I value it not a Rush it is the Liberty of the People of England that I stand for for me to acknowledge a new Court that I never heard of before I that am your King that should be an example to all the people of England to uphold Justice to maintain the old Laws indeed I do not know how to do it you spoke very well the first day that I came here on Saturday of the Obligations that I had laid upon me by God to the maintenance of the Liberties of my people The same Obligation you spake of I do acknowledge to God that I owe to Him and to my people to defend as much as in me lies the antient Laws of the Kingdom therefore until I may â—now that this is not against the Fundamental Laws of the Kingdom by your fâ—voâ—r I can put in no particular Answer If you will give me time I will then shew you my Reasons why I cannot do it and this Here being interrupted he said Bâ— your favour you ought not to interrupt me how I came here I know noâ— thâ—re's no Law for it to make your King your Prisoner I was lately in a Treaty up on the publike Faith of the Kingdom that was the known the two Houses of Parliament that was the Representative of the Kingdom and when that I had almost made an end of the Treaty then I was hurried away and brought hither and therefore Here the President interrupted him and said Sir you must know the pleasure of the Court. King By your favour Sir President Nay Sir by your favour you may not be permitted to fall into these discourses you appear as a Delinquent you have not acknowledged
the Authority of the Court the Court craves it not of you and once more they command you to give your positive Answer Clerk do your Duty King Duty Sir The Clerk reads Charles Stuart King of England you are accused in the behalf of the Commons of England of divers high Crimes and Treasons which Charge hath been read unto you the Court now requires you to give your positive and final Answer by way of confession or denial of the Charge King Sir I say again to you So that I might give satisfaction to the people of England of the clearness of my proceedings not by way of Answer not in this way but to satisfie them that I have done nothing against that Trust that hath been committed to me I would do it but to acknowledge a new Court against their Priviledges to alter the Fundamental Laws of the Kingdom Sir you must excuse me President Sir this is the third time that you have publikely disowned the Court and put an affront upon it how far you have preserv'd the Priviledges of the People your Actions have spoke it but truly Sir mens intentions ought to be known by their Actions you have written your meaning in bloody Characters throughout the whole Kingdom but Sir you understand the pleasure of the Court. Clerk Record the default and Gentlemen you that took charge of the Prisoner take him back again King I will onely say this one word to you If it were onely my own particular I would not say any more nor interrupt you President Sir you have heard the pleasure of the Court and you are notwithstanding you will not understand it to finde that you are before a Court of Iustice. Then the King went forth with his Guard and Proclamation was made that all persons who had then appeared and had further to do at the Court might depart into the Painted-Chamber to which place the Court did forthwith adjourn and intended to meet in Westminster-hall by ten of the Clock the next morning Cryer God bless the Kingdom of England His Majesties Reasons against the pretended Iurisdiction of the High Court of Iustice which he intended to have delivered in writing on Monday January 22. 1648. But was not permitted HAving already made my Protestations not onely against the illegality of this pretended Court but also that no earthly Power can justly call Me who am your King in question as a Delinquent I would not any more open my Mouth upon this occasion more than to refer my self to what I have spoken were I in this case alone concerned But the duty I owe to God in the preservation of the true Liberty of my People will not suffer me at this time to be silent For how can any free-born Subject of England call life or any thing he possesseth his own if Power without Right may daily make new and abrogate the old Fundamental Law of the Land which I now take to be the present case VVherefore when I came hither I expected that you would have endeavoured to have satisfied me concerning these grounds which hinder me to answer to your pretended Impeachment but since I see that nothing I can say will move you to it though Negatives are not so naturally proved as Affirmatives yet I will shew you the Reasons why I am confident you cannot Judge me nor indeed the meanest man in England for I will not like you without shewing a Reason seek to impose a belief upon my Subjects There is no proceeding just against any man but what is warranted either by Gods Laws or the Municipal Laws of the Country where he lives Now I am most confident this days proceeding cannot be warranted by Gods Law for on the contrary the Authority of obedience unto Kings is clealy warranted and strictly commanded both in the Old and New Testaments which if denied I am ready instantly to Prove and for the Question now in hand there it is said That where the word of a King is there is Power and who may say unto him What doest thou Eccles. 8.4 Then for the Law of this Land I am no less confident that no learned Lawyer will affirm that an Impeachment can lie against the King they all going in His Name and one of their Maximes is That the King can do no wrong Besides the Law upon which you ground your proceedings must either be Old or New if Old shew it if New tell what Authority warranted by the Fundamental Laws of the Land hath made it and when But how the House of Commons can erect a Court of Iudicature which was never one it self as is well known to all Lawyers I leave to God and the world to Iudge And it were full as strange that they should pretend to make Laws without King or Lords House to any that have heard speak of the Laws of England And admitting but not granting that the People of Englands Commission could grant your pretended Power I see nothing you can shew for that for certainly you never asked the question of the tenth man in the Kingdom and in this way you manifestly wrong even the poorest Plow-man if you demand not his free consent nor can you pretend any colour for this your pretended Commission without the Consent at least of the major part of every man in England of whatsoever quality or Condition which I am sure you never went about to seek so far are you from having it Thus you see that I speak not for my own right alone as I am your King but also for the true Liberty of all my Subjects which consists not in the power of Government but in living under such laws such a Government as may give themselves the best assurance of their lives and propriety of their goods Nor in this must or do I forget the Priviledges of both Houses of Parliament which this days proceedings do not onely violate but likewise occasion the greatest breach of their publike Faith that I believe ever was heard of with which I am far from charging the two Houses for all the pretended Crimes laid against me bear date long before this late Treaty at Newport in which I having concluded as much as in me lay and hopefully expecting the Houses agreement thereunto I was suddenly surpriz'd and hurried from thence as a Prisoner upon which account I am against my will brought hither where since I am come I cannot but to my power defend the antient Laws and Liberties of this Kingnom together with my own just Rights Then for any thing I can see the Higher House is totally excluded and for the House of Commons it is too well known that the major part of them are detained or deterred from sitting so as if I 'had no other this were sufficient Reason for me to protest against the Lawfulness of your pretended Court. Besides all this the Peace of the Kingdom is not the least of
Sir That which you now tender is to have another Iurisdiction and a co-ordinate Jurisdiction I know very well you express your self Sir that notwithstanding what you will offer to the Lords and Commons in the Painted-Chamber you would nevertheless proceed on here Sir because you shall know the further pleasure of the Court upon that which you have moved the Court will withdraw for a time King Shall I withdraw President Sir you shall know the pleasure of the Court presently The Court withdrew for half an hour into the Court of Wards Then the Court commanded the Serjeant at Arms to withdraw the King and to expect order for his return again The Court withdrew for half an hour and returned this withdrawing was occasioned by the importunacy and disturbance of Colonel Downs who sate next to Cromwel but Downs was quickly quieted being awed by Cromwel during this short stay President Serjeant at Arms send for your Prisoner Sir their withdrawing and adjournment was pro forma tantum for it did not seem to them that there was any difficulty in the thing the Court is now resolved to proceed King Sir I know it is in vain for me to dispute I am no Sceptick for to deny the power that you have I know that you have power enough Sir I confess I think it would have been for the Kingdoms Peace if you would have taken the pains to have shown the lawfulness of your power For this delay that I have desired I confess it is a delay but very important for the Peace of the Kingdom for it is not my person that I look on alone it is the Kingdoms welfare and the Kingdoms Peace it is an old sentence That we should think on long before we have resolved of great matters suddenly Therefore Sir I do say again that I do put at your doors all the inconveniency of an hasty Sentence I confess I have been here now I think this week this day eight days was the day I came here first but a little delay of a day or two further may give peace whereas an Hâ—sty Iudgement may bring on that trouble and perpetual inconveniency to the Kingdom that the Child that is unborn may repent it and therefore again out of the Duty I owe to God and to my Country I do desire that I may be heard by the Lords and Commons in the Painted-Chamber or any other Chamber that you will appoint me President The Court will proceed King I say this Sir That if you will hear me I doubt not but I shall give some satisfaction to you all here and to my people after that and therefore I do require you as you will answer it at the dreadful day of Judgement that you will consider it once again President Sir I have received direction from the Court. King Well Sir President If this must be re-enforc'd or any thing of this nature your Answer must be the same and they will proceed to Sentence if you have nothing more to say King I have nothing more to say but I shall desire that this may be entred what I have said President The Court then Sir hath something to say to you which although I know it will be very unacceptable yet notwithstanding they are willing and are resolved to discharge their Duty and so proceeded by way of â—iery how other Nations in all times had taken the same course with their Kings and Princes deposing and executing of them especially and more frequently in the Kings Native Realm of Scotland mis-citing and wresting and abusing the truth of History to varnish the Rhapsody and Treason of this lying Harangue of all which one most remarkable paragraph as noted by the King himself with an admiration is here inserted Sir That that we are now upon by the command of the highest Court hath been and is to Try and Iudge you for those great offences of yours Sir the Charge hath called you Tyrant a Traytor a Murtherer and a publike Enemy to the Commonwealth of England Sir it had been well if any of all these terms rightly and justly might have been spared if any one of them at all King Ha! President To do Iustice Impartially and even upon You is all our Resolutions Sir I say for your self we do â—eartily wish and desire that God would be pleased to give you a sense of your sins that you would see wherein you have done amiss that you may cry unto him that God would deliver you from Blood guiltiness A good King was once guilty of that particular thing and was clear otherwise saving in the matter of Uriah Truly Sir the story tells us that he was a repentant King and it signifies enough that he had died for it but that God was pleased to accept of him and to give him his pardon Thou shalt not dye but the Child shall dye thou hast given cause to the enemies of God to blaspheme King I would desire onely one word before you give Sentence and that is That you would hear me concerning those great Imputations that you have laid to my charge President Sir You must give me leave to go on for I am not far from your Sentence and your time is now past King But I shall desire you will hear me a few words to you for truly what ever Sentence you will put upon me in respect of those heavy Imputations I see by your speech you have put upon me that I Sir it is very true that President Sir I must put you in minde truly Sir I would not willingly at this time especially interrupt you in any thing you have to say that is proper for us to admit of but Sir you have not owned us as a Court and you look upon us as a sort of people met together and we know what Language we receive from your party King I know nothing of that President You dis-avow us as a Court and therefore for you to address your self to us and not to acknowledge us as a Court to judge of what you say it is not to be permitted and the truth is all along from the first time you were pleased to dis-avow and disown us the Court needed not to have heard you one word for unless they be acknowledged a Court and engaged it is not proper for you to speak Sir we have given you too much liberty already and admitted of too much delay c. The President commands the Sentence to be read Make an O Yes and command Silence while the Sentence is read O Yes made Silence commanded The Clerk read the Sentence which was drawn up in Parchment Whereas the Commons of England in Parliament have appointed them an high Court of Iustice for the Trying of Charles Stuart King of England before whom he had been three times convented and at first time a Charge of high Treason and other Crimes and Misdemeanours was read in the behalf of the
God knows I do not desire to know I pray God forgive them But this is not all my charitie must go further I wish that they may repent for in â—eed they have committed a great sin in that particular I pray God with St. Stephen that this be not laid to their charge And withâ—â— that they may take the way to the Peace of the Kingdom for my charitie commands me not onely to forgive particular men but to endeavour to the last gasp the Peace of the Kingdom So Sirs I do wish with all my soul I see there are some here that will carry it further that they endeavour the Peace of the Kingdom Sirs I must shew you both how you are out of the way and put you in a way First You are out of the way for certainly all the ways you ever had yet as far as I could finde by any thing is in the way of Conquest certainly this is an ill way for Conquest in my Opinion is never just except there be a just and good cause either for matter of wrong or a just Title and then if ye go beyond the first quarrel that ye have that makes it unjust at the end that was just at first for if there be onely matter of Conquest then it is a great Robbery as a Pirate said to Alexander That he was a great Robber himself was but a petty Robber And so Sirs I think for the way that you are in you are much out of the way Now Sirs to put you in the way believe it you shall never go right nor God will never prosper you until you give God his due the King his due that is my Successor and the people their due I am as much for them as any of you You must give God his due by regulating rightly his Church according to the Scripture which is now out of order And to set you in a way particularly now I cannot but onely this A National Synod freely called freely debating among themselves must settle this When every Opinion is freely heard For the King indeed I will not the Laws of the Land will clearly instruct you for that therefore because it concerns mine own particular I onely give you a touch of it For the People truly I desire their Libertie and freedom as much as any body whomsoever But I must tell you that their Libertie and their freedom consist in having Government under those Laws by which their lives and theirs may be most their own it is not in having a share in the Government that is nothing pertaining to them A Subject and a Soveraign are clean different things and therefore until you do that I mean that you put the People into that Libertie as I say certainly they will never enjoy themselves Sirs it was for this that now I am come hither for if I would have given way to an Arbitrary way for to have all Laws changed according to the Power of the Sword I need not have come here and therefore I tell you and I pray God it be not laid to your charge that I am the MARTYR of the people In troath Sirs I shall not hold you any longer I will onely say this to you that I could have desired some little time longer because I would have put this what I have said a little better digested than I have done and therefore I hope you will excuse me I have delivered my Conscience I pray God you take those Courses that are best for the good of the Kingdome and your own Salvation Dr. Juxon Will your Majesty though your Majesties affections may be very well known to Religion yet it may be expected that you should say somewhat for the worlds satisfaction King I thank you very heartily my Lord for that I had almost forgotten it Introath Sirs My Conscience in Religion I think is very well known to all the world and therefore I declare before you all That I die a Christian according to the profession of the Church of England as I found it left me by my Father and this honest man I think will witness it Then turning to the Officers said Sirs excuse me for this same I have a good cause and I have a gracious God I will say no more Then turning to Colonel Hacker he said Take care they do not put me to pain and Sir this and it please you But then a Gentleman coming near the Ax the King said Take heed of the Ax pray take heed of the Ax. Then the King speaking to the Executioner said I shall say but very short prayers and when I thrust out my hands Then the King called to Doctor Iuxon for his Night-cap and having put it on he said to the Executioner Does my hair trouble you who desired him to put it all under his Cap which the King did accordingly by the help of the Executioner and the Bishop Then the King turning to Doctor Iuxon said I have a good Cause and a gracious God on my side Dr. Juxon There is but one Stage more this Stage is turbulent and troublesome it is a short one But you may consider it will soon carry you a very great way it will carry you from Earth to Heaven and there you will finde a great deal of cordial Ioy and Comfort King I go from a corruptible to an incorruptible Crown where no disturbance can be no disturbance in the world Dr. Juxon You are exchanged from a Temporary to an Eternal Crown a good exchange The King then said to the Executioner Is my hair well Then the King took off his Cloak and his George giving his George to Doctor Iuxon saying Remember Then the King put off his Doublet and being in his Wast-coat put his Cloak on again then looking upon the Block said to the Executioner You must set it fast Executioner It is fast Sir King When I put my hands out this way stretching them out then After that having said two or three words as he stood to himself with hands and eyes lift up Immediately stooping down he laid his Neck upon the Block and then the Executioner again putting his hair under his Cap the King thinking he had been going to strike said Stay for the Signe Executioner Yes I will and it please your Majesty And after a very little pause the King stretching forth his Hands the Executioner at one Blow severed his Head from his Body The Head being off the Executioner held it up and shewed it to the people which done it was with the Body put in a Coffin covered with Black Velvet for that purpose and conveyed into his Lodgings there And from thence it was carried to his House at Saint Iames's where his Body was Embalmed and put in a Coffin of Lead and laid there a fortnight to be seen by the people and on the Wednesday sevennight his Corps Embalmed and Coffined in
Limburgh into whose hands upon a remove they lighted This troublesome delay so displeased their Westminster-masters that on the 18 of May the Parliament recalled them which being notified to the States they seemed surprized and by consent of the Embassadors sent away an Express accompanied with Mr. Thurloe Saint Iohn's Secretary to London to desire a longer respit in hope of a satisfactory Conclusion But after a vainâ—r Expectation thereof saving this dubious insignificant Resolution as the States called it In haec verba The States General of the Netherlands having heard the report of their Commissioners having had a Conference the day before with the Lords Embassadors of the Commonwealth of England do declare That for their better satisfaction they do wholly and fully condescend and agree unto the 6 7 8 9 10 and 11 Propositions of the Lords Embassadors which were the most unconcerning and also the said States do agree unto the 1 2 3 and 5 Articles of the year 1495. Therefore the States do expect in the same manner as full and clear an Answer from the Lords Embassadors upon the 36 Articles delivered in by their Commissioners the 24 of June 1647. This indifferency being maintained and strengthned by the presence and Arguments used in a Speech made by Mr. Macdonald the Kings Agent then at that time Resident at the Hague who also printed their Articles or Propositions with his Comments on them another Months time being spent they were finally remanded and departed on the 20 of Iune re infecta to the trouble as was pretended of most of the Lords of Holland When Saint Iohn gave the States Commissioners who came to take leave of him these parting words My Lords You have an Eye upon the Event of the Affairs of the Kingdom of Scotland and therefore do refuse the Friendship we have offered now I can assure you that many in the Parliament were of opinion that we should not have come hither or any Embassadors to be sent to you before they had superated thâ—se matters between them and that King and then expected your Embassadors to us I nâ—w perceive our errour and that those Gentlemen were in the right in a short time you shall see that business ended and then you will come to us and seek what we have freely offered when it shall perplex you that you have refused our proffer And it â—ell ouâ— as he had Divined it Upon his coming home after those welcomes and thanks given him by the Parliament he omitted not to aggravate those rudenesses done him and to exasperate them against the Dutch and the angry effects of his Counsels and report soon after appeared On the 9 of April in order and designe to abolish all Badges of the Norman Tyranny as they were pleased to call it now that the English Nation had obtained their natural Freedom they resolved to Manumit the Laws and restore them to their Original Language which they did by this ensuing additional Act and forthwith all or most of the Law-books were turned into English according to the Act a little before for turning Proceedings of Law into English and the rest written afterwards in the same Tongue but so little to the benefit of the people that as Good store of Game is the Country-mans Sorrow so the multitude of Sollicitors and such like brought a great deal of trouble to the Commonwealth not to speak of more injuries by which that most honourable profession of the Law was profaned and vilified as being a discourse out of my Sphere At the same time they added a second Act explanatory of this same wonderful Liberty both which here follow Be it Enacted by this present Parliament and by the Authority thereof That the Translation into English of all Writs Process and Returns thereof and of all Patents Commissions and all Proceedings whatsoever in any Court of Iustice within this Commonwealth of England and which concerns the Law and Administration of Iustice to be made and framed into the English Tongue according to an Act entituled An Act for the turning the Books of the Law and all Proces and Proceedings in Courts of Iustice into English be and are hereby refered to the Speaker of the Parliament the Lords Commissioners of the Great Seal of England the Lord Chief Iustice of the Upper-Bench the Lord Chief Iustice of the Common-pleas and the Lord Chief Baron of the Exchequer for the time bâ—ing or any two or more of them and what shall be agreed by them or any two or more of them in Translating the same the Lords Commissioners shall and may affix the Great Seal thereunto in Cases where the same is to be fixed And so that no miss-Translation or Variation in Form by reason of Translation or part of Proceedings or Pleadings already begun being in Latine and part in English shall be no Errour nor void any Proceedings by reason thereof Provided That the said recited Act shall not extend to the certifying beyond the Seas any Case or Proceedings in the Court of Admiralty but that in such Cases the Commissioners and Proceedings may be certified in Latin as formerly they have been An Act for continuing the Assessment of 120000 l. per mensem for five Months from the 25 day of April 1651. for maintenance of the Armies in England Ireland and Scotland was likewise passed By our way to Scotland we must digress to a petty commotion in Wales Hawarden and Holt-Castle Seized and a Hubbub upon the Mountains which engaged Colonel Dankins to a craggy expedition Sir Thomas Middleton purged and the Coast cleared of a Presbyterian discontent upon which score the noise was raised but the story not taking Presto on all 's gone and the invisible Royalists cannot be found or sequestred for their combination in Lancashire-plot now started and hotly sented and pursued by the Grandees of the Council of State and the Blood-hounds of their High Court of Iustice again unkennelled of which more presently Blackness-Castle was now delivered to General Cromwel in Scotland on the first of April while he yet continued sick of an Ague General Dean being newly arrived with Money and supplies from England two days before and on the 11 of the same Month the Scotch Parliament sat down where they rescinded that often-mentioned Act of Classes of Delinquents whereby way was made to the restoring of the Loyal Nobility to their seats in Parliament and an Act passed from the perceipt of the dangerous consequences of the Western Remonstrance that it should be Treason to hold correspondence with or abet the Enemy Cromwel having already made another journey into those parts to carry on his business at Glascow which place had been infamed at the beginnig of the Scotch Troubles and was now by the just Judgement of God the Stage designed to act the Catastrophe and last act of three Kingdoms Ruine For I must remember the Reader that here the first Scene of our misery was laid
by the illegal convention of the general Assembly of the Kirk By his Forces thereabouts the Earl of Eglington with his second Son and some other persons of Note were surprized in their designe of raising Forces for the King at Dunbarton His Majesty still continuing at Sterling London the Chancellor being now outed of his Presidentship Mr. Gutbery and Bennet and other Kirk-blades Committed for their refractoriness to the Kings Authority which yet they would not own but as subordinate to the General Assembly But for the prevention of such future sidings and divisions those men had caused a Committee by Parliament was now empowred to manage the War and substitute Officers without any more impertinent reverences to the Presbytery the King being also declared Generalissimo Cromwel after some debates and publike disputes with the Ministers viz. Gillespy Rutherford c. of Glascow aforesaid concerning the lawfulness of his Invasion which he performed as he said in much weakness of both Argument and Body seeing there was no drawing the Scot out that way to fight which way they intended for an undisturbed march marched back to Edenburgh by the beginning of May and in his way burned the Lady Kilsithes House for holding intelligence with the King having notice of the arrival of his Boats at Leith for the Transportation of his Army into Fife which was the last remedy the failure of Victuals in the Scotch Camp which therefore they should be forced to abandon and march proving a meer delusion In the mean while on the 15 of April in a mist the Lord Montgomery Son to the Earl of Eglington and Lord Cranston with 500 Horse and Dragoons marched from Sterling and resolutely charged into Lithgow a Garrison the English had fortified upon their first march to Sterling to the Market-place whence having taken what Prisoners they could in hast meet with they retreated and being pursued by Major Sydenham of Sir Arthur Haslerig's Regiment the Governour in place of Colonel Sanderson lately deceased they faced about and routed him killing most of his Followers to the number of some 60 himself being wounded mortally in the Groyn whereof not long after he died that Government being twice vacated already The Lord Register Warriston now had a Pass from Sterling to come to Edenburgh about the Records and the ships loading that was staid after Cromwels Pass and permission by Articles and prosecuted the business so to effect that the said Goods Papers and lading got before him to Sterling May 31. whither he had no more mind after Cromwel and he had conferred to return The Dutch had now sent Van Trump their Admiral with 12 sail of Men of War to Scilly Island to demand satisfaction for 20 ships which Sir Iohn Greenvile the Governour had seized and had further instructions to Treat with the said Governour which besides the aim this State had to integrate all the Antient Dominions of England under a new Commonwealth did very much enjealous them that that important place might be put into Dutch hands thereupon a Fleet was presently manned for the Reduction of that place and Sir George Ayscue who was then preparing for a Voyage to Barbadoes in the Rainbow and two other Men of War upon the same account was ordered to attend General Blake in that Service who Imbarqued in the Phoenix-Frigat and on the 18 of May with great resolution he landed some of his Forces in the Islands of Tresco and Brier which were as stoutly defended by the Noble Colonel Wogan who in his Voyage from Ireland had taken up Arms here for the King again and made a very great slaughter of the first Invaders but footing being gained by fresh Boats succeeding the other he past over to the Isle of St. Maries both more naturally and Artificially Fortified and of very difficult access Some few attempts were nevertheless made but rather to shew there was an Enemy there who would fain be admitted and who otherwise might prove very troublesome to their Trade and to that effect a Summons or invitation was sent unto the Governour who having as it was believed the Kings leave for what he should do therein and knowing with England it would return and without would be of little use to the Crown after some Messages accepted of a Treaty which after caresses and civilities on both sides concluded in a Rendition of the Isle on the second of Iune upon very Honourable Terms The Governour Sir Iohn the son of Noble Sir Bevil Greenvile after Earl of Bath a person always much in the Kings Favour receiving a considerable sum of Money and Indemnity for his Estate and person freed from all manner of Arrests and molestations whatsoever the Officers and Souldiers to go whither they would of whom Sir Fulk Hunks with Doctor Lesley the Bishop of Down sailed for Ireland Colonel Wogan for Scotland to pursue the quarrel there also In all there went out 9 Colonels 4 Lieutenant-Colonels 10 Serjeant-Majors 60 Captains saith the Catalogue 40 Lieutenants and other under-Officers of a proportionable number which over Sir George Ayscue proceeded in his Voyage Prince Rupert was now at Sea from Toulon with five Men of War and two Fire-ships sailing the Mediterranean-sea in Company with his Brother Prince Maurice and much discourse there was of the Duke of Lorrain's shipping and Transporting some Forces for Ireland by an Agreement made with the Irish and promoted at the French Court whither the Duke of York was now expected and Sir Edward Hide arrived out of Spain and several Provinces and Cities were by report assigned him for his security but the whole story proved meer Castles in the Air for it 's supposed the Duke was unwilling to come where his plundering Troops should finde Blows instead of Booty and he had his own Country and Dominions to regain first An Agent likewise came now to the Parliament of England and owned them as such from the great Duke of Florence May the 21. The Lord Howard of Escrick a Peer who had got himself returned a Burgess for Carlisle was about this time convicted of Bribery dismissed the House and committed to the Tower Cromwel being at Edenburgh having notice how the King lay encamped at Sterling Lesley's Foot quartering on the South-side and Middleton's on the North-side of the Park encompassed with a Stone-wall and that abundance of Provision was brought in daily supposing they would march drew all his Forces out of the West with as much care and conduct as could be and Encamped likewise in the Fields by Edenburgh in a readiness for them whether to march or fight But in the mean time he was taken very ill of his Ague so that Doctor Wright and Doctor Bates an eminent Physitian and a concealed Royalist as appears by a polite Piece of his written some time before entituled Elenehus Motuum nuperorum in Anglia were sent down to attend his Cure and many blithe and anxious
1644. which was the reason it was late ere he suffered and beyond his appointed time by three hours piously spent by him He most Christianly and worthy of all Memory gave up his Soul to his Redeemer being a little troubled at his longer detainer in this Vale of misery by the Executioner's missing the Signe And this sad occasion will direct us to a further account of those English Royalists who were taken in and after the same defeat among whom were besides others mentioned the Lord Grandison Sir Iohn Packington Colonel Blague the late Governour of Wallingford Colonel Broughton after Sir Edward and Colonel Massey who having escaped the fate of that day at Worcester and being tired with Riding having wounds yet green threw himself at last upon the Countess of Stamford engaging his parole for his true Imprisonment in her House till he was cured when he was removed likewise to the Tower and by a disguise shortly after made an escape The often-to-be-with-Honour-mentioned Colonel Wogan came off and got away untouched and recovered the Highlands with an indesistible courage of prosecuting the Kings quarrel even where Nature had fixt her non ultra while Iames Hinde the famous High-way-man some time before in England for Robbing of the Parliament-party adventuring Southward was betrayed in Fleet-street at his lodging and being from Newgate carried to the next Assizes of Abington and Worcester was at the last place when none would come in to swear against him either to Felony or Treason in the late Invasion as 't was called by the King betrayed by a Minister of their sending whose name I cannot get and by his Evidence Convicted and Hanged Drawn and Quartered in that City An Act for sale of Delinquents Lands had passed some time before now their Trustees with Boon Courage resolved to proceed the danger of voiding their Trusts and the Authority conferred on them being now past and some more Grist being like to come into their Mill by new Forfeitures wherefore they appointed the 8 day of September for their sitting down in pursuance of those powers granted by the said Act of Sale and chose Drury-house the Mansion of the Lord Craven for the place of their Sitting where they made several conveniencies for their Registers Accountants Cashiers and Clerks like to any other legal Office and there with other Estates exposed that Lord 's to common sale The Members had appointed the second of October for the Thanksgiving-day for this Worcester-Victory but because they would have it Celebrated with the greater solemnization by notice thereof throughout the three Kingdoms together they adjourned it till the 24 of the same Month in the Evening whereof General Popham one of their Admirals at Sea deceased on the 19 of August before attended by Cromwel and most of the Members was Interred in Westminster-Abbey This day was without any more scruple punctually observed the Presbyterians who were in the best Livings generally and indeed no body else scarce in any not offering to mutter against the Command of these their not-to-be-contended-with Lords and Superiors The Scotch affairs were now the consultation of the Parliament for having reduced that Kingdom to neer a plenary Conquest no English Forces or scarce a single man having passed so far as their Army was now Quartered and in Garrison the Civil Government was very fit to be considered of and how it should be managed In the beginning of the raign of King Iames much pains and endeavours were used by Him about the draught and accomplishment of an Union between both Kingdoms which might be so comprehensive as to be equally advantagious to both people and the Lord Bacon writ an Elaborate discourse and project of it but all came to nothing so many Scotch proud and surly difficulties were thereupon raised but now one Weeks work finished that mighty matter in a short Vote and Resolution That England and Scotland shall be Incorporated into one Commonwealth and Commissioners were named to go into that Kingdom viz. Oliver Saint Iohn Sir Henry Vane Alderman Titchburn Major Salway Major-General Dean Colonel Fenwick and General Monke before whose arrival onely Major-General Lambert and Dean were upon perambulation of the limits already gained and receiving submissions and granting terms several of the Scotch Nobility whose Ancestors thought the English Union a diminution of their Greatness and disdainfully rejected all tendencies thereunto came quietly in having made a bluster of doing something in the Highlands such were the Marquess of Huntly who to be repaired of some injuries done him by Arguile though his neer Kinsman thought good to prevent him by a timely acquiescence upon pact of having right done him in the said controversie the Lord Balcarris the Earls of Weems Angus and Calendar and Arguile himself was now in Treaty but to shew himself more considerable held it on foot almost half a year guarding his Castles the County and Levying Assessments like a Prince upon the Country The late Marquess of Montross his Children and Family were honourably taken into protection by General Monke Nor were the Royal Party half so averse and intractable to the English Usurpation for they had as they well hoped shaken off the insupportable Tyranny of the Presbytery and could hardly suffer more by any power whatsoever which might in time veer about unto its lawful Scepter as the Kirkmen and that brood who having lost their Arbitrary and most Tyrannical sway over the Consciences Estates and Lives of men raged at this Change the rather for having fooled and bewitched themselves into an opinion that they should be able by the Keys of the Kirk which they doubted not to re-establish in that Kingdom to oversway the Sword of the Sectary and to bring him to conform there being such a proximity in many of their Principles assigning to themselves that time-serving Complement of Oliver's The good people of the Nation of Scotland that were to be preserved in their Rights Civil and Spiritual and accordingly the Grandees of the Western Remonstrants took upon them to indict an Assembly and there they damned all which had been done by the late Parliament and Assembly and published a Fast with the grounds wherefore they were to humble themselves which being ridiculous Crambs of miscarriages about the King are purposely omitted and proceeded afterwards to that boldness as to expostulate and refuse in Print the Tender of Union for several Reasons which we shall hint in its proper place In Ireland while the Deputy Ireton lay before Limerick which Siege had continued most part of the Summer the Irish played pranks offering at a redemption of their losses but were too far spent for though Colonel Venables Hewson and Reynolds were out in parties to attend their motion Sir Walter Dungan Stormed Ross-Town and Castle-Iordan and had carried the Castle of Ross but for want of Provision which made him in hast to retreat into his Fastnesses where the Marquess
courage and it being resolved before to deliver it as the Earl had proffered that former resolution daâ—ht any other so that though Sir Thomas Armstrong who was come thither out of Ireland a famous Souldier offered to have maintained Rushen-Castle where the Lady was yet upon very slender terms it was rendred Into such distractions do the continued strokes of persecuting Fortune drive the most resolute mindes that the most constant magnanimity for which this Countess was highly famous as at Latham-house is at last depressed and forced to submit to her arbitrary and uncontrolable Tyranny The Isle of Barbadoes where the King had been Proclaimed and was now in open defiance of the Parliament and prosecuted their Trade onely with the Hollanders was the next and onely place to be reduced with some other of the Caribbe-Islands there adjacent About the 16 of Octob. Sir George Ayscue having coasted several places about Spain and Portugal to finde out Prince Rupert arrived at Barbadoes in Carlisle-bay where he found fourteen sail of Hollanders in the Road and to prevent their running on shore sent in the Amity Frigat commanded by Captain Peck with three other ships to seize them who presently Commanded the respective Masters aboard and so gained the Vessels and kept them as prize for Trading with the Enemies of the Common-wealth in that Island with three other Hollanders as they were sailing to the other Islands The Fleet having plied up and down in the sight of the Islanders who were now in Arms to the number of 4000 Horse and Foot came to anchor at Spikes-bay and the Virginia-Merchant-Fleet arriving in December Sir George advised it very advantageous for the Service by the countenance of those ships which seemed as his reserve of Men of War to attempt a landing which accordingly was done by a Regiment of 700 men made up with 150 Scotch Slaves the rest being Seamen This was effected on the 17 of December and the Islanders beaten up to their Fort which on a sudden was by them deserted after the loss of some 60 men on both sides and the same Fort and four pieces of Ordnance gained by them and then the Seamen retreated again to the ships which lay crusing up and down continually to intercept any Trade or Traffick coming thither That inconvenience made some of the Islanders weary of the War which Sir George very well understanding negotiated with one Colonel Muddyford a chief man in one part of the Island about a peace and accommodation and the conclusion of that transaction was Muddyford's publike declaring for Peace and joyning with Sir G Ayscue to bring the Governour the Lord Willoughby to reason as it was called Sir George and his Forces made up 2000 Foot and 100 Horse so that to avoid the uncertainty of battel and the Effusion of blood both parties agreed to treat and the 11 of Ian. agreed upon the Rendition on Articles every day comprehensive and honourable Commissioners names for Sir George were Captain Peck Mr. Searl left Governour there Colonel Muddyford and Mr. Colleton and for the Lord Willoughby Sir Richard Peers Mr. Charles Pym Colonel Ellice and Major Byham his Lordship having his desired Conditions of Indemnity and freedom of Estate and person not long after returned into England as did Sir George having visâ—â—ed Mevis and St. Christophers Before his coming Major-General Poyntz newly Governour thereof had shipt himself for Virginia the onely retreat for Royalists as lying so far up in the Continent and affording subsistence of it self Thus nothing remained of all the British Dominions either of profit honour or security to the Nation which their Handmaid Success had not attained to and that in as short a space of time as the most indulgent Fates ever apportioned to their greatest and whitest Favourites whose Glories of Conquest they increased by sparing and lessening their sweat and travail in the Atchievement In Scotland the Major-Generals Lambert Dean and Lieutenant-General Monke had brought things to that pass that the people were rated by Assessments towards the charge of the Army and this the Kirk in their new Assembly since it could not be otherwise would permit to be paid but expresly forbad the people to comply or give meeting or cause any to be â—ad in order to the closing with the Declaration of the Commissioners who were to receive from the Deputies of each Shire who were ordered to chuse such their Subscriptions to the projected Union now directly remonstrated against besides other arguments yea and from the Covenant from this main one because that incorporation would draw with it a subordination of the Kirk to the State in the things of Christ for here the Shop painfully wrung them This was dated Ian. the 21. The Parliament to correct this perversness and in pursuance of their Commissioners Declaration to the same purpose Decreed 1. An Act for the Vnion Abolishing Kingly Goverment c. and for punishing such as should contravâ—ne or offend against the meaning and purpose of the said Act. 2. That in Complyance with the said Vnion the Shires or Burghs should Chuse their Deputies or Burgesses in a proportionable number as the Parliament should think fit to represent them in Parliament and this was stiled a great favour and a freeing the Nation from the villanage of their Heritors Lairds and Lords most of whose Estates that were in the two late Invasions with Hamilton and at Worcester they had declared Confiscate together with all the Crown-lands and Houses to the use of the Commonwealth of England towards the defraying of the charge of this their labour of Love in the reducing of that Kingdom The Bishops lands could not be found for the Kirk had mingled and mixt them with their own sacred rights and perquisites so that the most quick-sighted sacriledge could hardly discern them By these Summons the Deputies of the Shires of this side and the other side Tay were ordered the most remote to appear on the 26 of February and in the mean time about the black 30 of Ianuary the Commissioners proceeded with their instructions and issued out several Proclamations against the King's and Monarchical Government and that Writs should no longer run in His Name and Mutatis mutandis in Scotland as in England His Arms defaced and for an English Judicature to be there established and to keep the Sessions which was the Term. Thus far the Political and Civil Government was provided for already nor was there any thing of Note among the Martialists save the taking in Dumbarton-Castle which was rendred by Sir Charles Erskin upon Articles Ianuary the 5 with a Salvo to the Duke of Lenox and Richmond of his Goods and Great Guns therein as being the proper Goods of the said Duke This surrender opened a way to the same terms with Bass-Island the most dangerous place in the Frith to the English Navigation some time after Some Forces under Colonel Overton landed in the Isles
at home under such and such fines but none to be indempnified by any Articles that should be found guilty of any Massacre in the first year of the Rebellion Galloway had before offered to capitulate but because the Articles were somewhat of the largest demand they were first transmitted to the Parliament for there was no plenipotence then in Ireland Lambert was nominated but by Cromwel mockt of the honour of Lord-Deputy a person too brisk and understanding and seeking his Interest too much for that employment it being reserved for Fleetwood after his Marriage with Oliver's Daughter and Ireton's Relict The English had now a meeting with the Marquess of Arguile after many delays and put offs and fine excuses for them about the 20 of March at Dumbarton-Castle whither within an hour after the arrival of the Parliaments-Commissioners Major-General Dean and Major Saloway for Dean was not thought Mercurial enough of himself to word it with the Scot he came attended by some 30 persons having ordered before the most of his Name and Septs of Highland-Gentry to wait on him He insisted much upon the Salvo Iure of the Kirk who had fasted and prayed for a blessing on this meeting the Marquess being the Patron and principal defender of their mouldering Presbytery After two or three days conference the Sophie's parted having entertained their time with some Godly descants upon providence the Parliaments most Supreme Authority and his Highland mightiness Blackness-Castle was now ordered to be blown up with Powder by Dean who passed by Newark-house Garrisoned as was said last Summer by the English but retaken soon after by Colonel Massey in his march upon the Lancashire designe to Ayre where the platform of a Citadel was now laid as being most convenient for the Trade either of France or Ireland lying the most Westward part of Scotland to the Highlands Several mischiefs were about this time done by the Moss-Troopers about the Borders A considerable party of Horse and Foot under Commissary-General Reynolds were sent to Athlone which lies in the center of Ireland where he in this month of March reduced Bally League and two other Garrisons in the Collough and thereby gained a very considerable Pass over the Shannon and firm hold and footing in the County of Longford so that in all with Logh-rea Portumna Ballinaston Melecha Ragera c. thirty several places were taken Galloway was now likewise upon Treaty of a surrender and had sent out their Propositions in the framing whereof some disputes and difference arose betwixt the Souldiers and Citizens but by the wisdome and menage of the Marquess Clanrickard were again accommodated That which made this willingness of yielding was the several losses of Vessels with Corn and Provision intercepted by some ships of the Parliament who watched that Harbour and Lorrain was despaired of being now engaged upon a march into France Those Articles being thought too high by L. G. Ludlow then Commander in chief in Ireland were by him and the Commissioners transmitted to England The year ends with an Act for removing obstructions in the sale of the King Queens Lands c. the Commissioners being Sir William Roberts Francis Mussenden and others who made quick work of the Royal Revenue Anno Dom. 1652. THis Year began with a most dreadful expectation of an approaching Eclipse on the 29 of March the effects whereof one William Lilly a man infamous for Prognosticks and Divinations against the King His Cause and His Party and others of that Astrological Tribe had predicted should be sudden and most pernicious and during the time thereof it should be so dark that men should hardly be able to Read or Write without a Candle the day it happened on being therefore called by them Black-munday But Lilly so shot beyond the mark it proving not half so gloomy and terrible though most people were so foolishly fearful as to take Antidotes and keep close for fear of some maligne Influences and Vapours that his credit of Vaticination was utterly lost and regarded no more for the future than one of his old worthless Almanacks I mention this the rather because this mans wilde presages were the Oracles of the Vulgar for on his fatidical Lips they depended which never failed of pronouncing successes to those Worthies of Westminster whose Balaam he might have been said to have been being hired by them to detract from the King The Parliament having the Dutch business mainly in their Eye it was necessary that a full and plenary deliberation and resolution should be used in that affair and therefore they ordered the vacating of several Committees that the House might be better attended and the Publike first served the powers of the Committees for the University and Indemnity which it had been happy for the Royalists had never been in 〈◊〉 were now recalled the one was utterly extinct the other revived soon 〈◊〉 in that of-it-self-enough injurious Judicature at Haberdashers-hall the Câ—â—missioners thereof being Authorized to proceed in this The King was yet at Paris during the Commotions and Broils between the French King and the Princes of the Blood more especially the two Princes of Conde and Comi for the Duke of Orleans the Kings Uncle was rather an abettor than a principal in the Quarrel which arose from Cardinal Mazarine's prevalency and Authority at Court Paris was then troubled with the same Meagrome that whirl'd the City of London into those tumultuous Uproars in 1641. and as mad against the Errours of Government and evil Counsellors and had the like nay greater advantages and countenance of a Nobility and the Blood Royal though that King was not then to seek for Arms Money or his Castles but with a well-furnisht Army was able to chastise these undutiful demeanors of His Subjects The Spaniard whose Interest it was to keep these dissentions on foot foreseeing the weakness of the Princes Forces offered them his assistance having almost mastered Barcelona the Capital City in Catalonia held by the French and Graveling in Flanders just upon the surrender and Dunkirk designed also to the same Conquest and presently sent in the Duke of Lorrain with all his Forces into France while in the interim Marshal De Turenne the Kings General had defeated the Duke De Nemours with the Princes Army at Estampes But these Auxiliaries seemed so to turn the ballance of that Victory that the King our Soveraign who had from his first arrival laboured in the intrigue of that difference perswading the French King to some condescentions of Peace and had passed personally betwixt both parties advising that King from the unhappy Issues of the War in England which had so fatally evened to Himself not to refuse an Accommodation and accounting to the Princes the Kings strength and power and probability of reducing them though to little effect Now to save the further effusion of Blood and to prevent that Ruine which he saw so neer at hand
were rather Simon Magus his own Disciples and certainly there were never such Simoniacks in the World not a Living of value but what a Friend or the best Purchaser was admitted into to which Humane Learning even where a former Right was was a good and sufficient Bar no less to the Ruine than the Scandal of the Church of England and the Protestant Religion and professors thereof several ignorant bold Laicks being inducted into the best Spiritualities as best consisted with Oliver's Interest which depended upon the Sectaries and their hideous divisions in Religion Anno Dom. 1654. HAving thus described the Foundation of this Stratocracy or Army-power we shall not be obliged to any tedious survey of the superstructure which was onely for shew and of little duration supported with temporary shifting Props in every emergency for this great one rather inhabited a Labyrinth than a Court which shewed much variety of Art but like a House of Cards was ready to be whelmed over his Head with every gust of adverse Fortune a cross Restive Government he had of it and was never able to keep it in the right Road and true way of policy And so we proceed in a brief account of State-Occurrences The 6 of April came forth an Ordinance settling Commissioners for Probation of Wills and Administrations c. by want of which power there having been no settled Judge of the Prerogative-Court whose Name abolished the thing very great and many inconveniencies had happened to the Nation Another Ordinance prohibited Cock-matches and Horse-races and all such confluxes or meetings of people for a Plot was now a hatching at White-hall and this was the first overt-signe of it Next the Commission of the Great Seal was altered and Whitlock Lisle and Sir Thomas Widdrington were made Commissioners A Prohibition by another Ordinance to the Committee at Salters Hall concerning Prisoners which were selling of Estates though never so barred by Law to satisfie the Creditors which would have made a quick confusion of Propriety And the Dutch Peace the charge of the War being now paid by that State according to private agreement of the sum was fully concluded and in April Proclaimed A Quaking Prophetess named Hannah Trapnel a forerunner of Iames Naylor now appeared who reported her Visions and Raptures and was attended by several of the Grandees of the male-contented party as Carew and others the most of her delusions she acted in the Counties of Devonshire and Cornwal till she was with some of her Partizans secured in Prison The Scotch Affairs were reputed finished as to any War though the Bustle yet so held and encreased in the Highlands that the spoils of the Conquest were now set out and made accomptable to the Victor The Lords Estates and Hereditaments of the Scotch Nobility and Gentry who Invaded England under Duke Hamilton and came in with the King to Worcester and were yet in Arms were ordered to be sold and to that purpose were invested in the Trust of Sir William Hope Lockhart Sir Richard Saltonstall Lieutenant-Colonel Wilks and others and were actually seized into their hands and the rest of them were Fined in several sums of Money to be paid within six Months some 2000 l. some 5000 l. some few 10000 l. but none under 1000 l. amounting to a greater mass of silver than Scotland was worth in ready Cash so that those who were compell'd to obey though many complemental and humble applications and addresses as is customary to that Nation were made for mitigation were forced to take up Money at unreasonable Interest which rose at last by the like occasions to 30 in the hundred An Ordinance passed with this for uniting of Scotland into one Commonwealth with England it seems the Act of Parliament to the same purpose was not sufficient and the Arms thereof ordered to be quartered as were the Irish with our Cross and Harp and Oliver's Lion Salâ—ant was placed in the middle which is as good Herauldry as this Escutcheon deserves That Kingdom by vertue thereof to be charged no otherwise in Assessments and Tax than proportionably to England and to pay no greater Excise c. An Ordinance likewise for mending and repairing Highways and Bridges which the War had spoiled and were yet every where unrepaired a very necessary and good work for the benefit of the Nation no Waggon being suffered thereafter to travel with above five Horses nor six Oxen and one Horse and care was taken likewise about the shodding of the Wheels General Monke arrives in Scotland and Proclaims Oliver in great state at Edenburgh and Arguile plainly and openly sides with the English and foments divisions among the Scots his Son the Lord Lorn departing in a discontent and quarrel from the Earl of Glencarn and returning to the old Fox his Father The French King Crowned at Rheims having been declared Major and our Soveraign invited to the Solemnity while the Intrigues of Mazarine were driving a conclusion of peace with Cromwel The Designe now appeared which Oliver had hatched for some while and had laboured by his treacherous Agents to mature to something therefore first of all a general search is made throughout London for Cavaliers and thereupon Colonel Iohn Gerrard as before Mr. Vowel and Somerset Fox were brought before the High Court of Iustice Proclaimed the 13 and sitting the 31 of Iune in which interval they had prepared their business and provided Witnesses and drew up the Charge After twice or thrice Conventing of the aforesaid Gentlemen an Accusation was brought of their intention to assassinate the Protector with one Major Henshaw and others fled to the proof whereof they produced young Mr. Charles Gerrard against his Brother as also one Wiseman and one Mr. Hudson a blinde Minister whose Brother was that eminent person who accompanied and guarded the late King in his flight from Oxford that had been cherished by Mr. Vowel against him who yet retracted from his Examination and could not be brought by the threats of the Court to make it good and yet they made it valid Somerset Fox as he was instructed before by promise of Life confessing the Guilt thereby involving the other two innocent Gentlemen and craving mercy It availed not them to deny this Charge though never so much reason and strength of argument on their side Lisle the President summing up the prejudiced suffrages of the Court gave Sentence of Hanging which was Executed Iuly the 10 on Mr. Vowel at Charing-Cross where with a Roman Spirit tempered with Christian Patience he suffered his Martyrdom off from a Stool â—etcht from the Guard the adjacent Neighbours refusing to lend any thing to his Death the Executioner having his Ladder not in readiness Colonel Gerrard was Beheaded on Tower-hill who expresly denied the intention of the Fact and from this reason because he thought it might be far from the honour and great minde of the King whose injunction this was said
the Rolls Officers Attending Henry Middleton Serjeant at Arms. Mr. Brown Mr. Dove Judges of both Benches Iohn Glyn Lord Chief-Justice Pet. Warburton Justices of the Upper-Bench Rich. Nudigate Justices of the Upper-Bench Oliver St. Iohn L. Chief-Justice Edward Atkins Justices of the Com. Bench. Matthew Hale Justices of the Com. Bench. Hugh Windham Justices of the Com. Bench. His Barons of the Exchequer Robert Nicholas Iohn Parker and Roger Hill Serjeant at Law Erasmus Earl Atturney-General Edmund Prideaux Sollicitor William Ellis Serjeants at Law called by Him to the Bar. Richard Pepys 25 Jan. 1653. Thomas Fletcher 25 Jan. 1653. Matthew Hale 25 Jan. 1653. William Steel 9 Febr. 1653. Iohn Maynard 9 Febr. 1653. Rich. Nudigate 9 Febr. 1653. Tho. Twisden 9 Febr. 1653. Hugh Windham 9 Febr. 1653. Vnton Crook 21 June 1654. Iohn Parker 21 June 1654. Roger Hill 28 June 1655. William Shepard 25 Oct. 1656. Iohn Fountain 27 Nov. 1656. Evan Sithe But to proceed after Cromwel had made that fair Speech Fiennes the Lord-Commissioner of the Seal resumed by his order the discourse which was to beg more Money for Cromwel's Heart could not stoop to such Humble Oratory declaring That the Money granted though thought sufficient fell much beneath the expence and necessity of the State especially that Tax of the new Buildings failed altogether of what was expected and intended by it and so recommended the whole affair to their consideration Being sate in the Houses as aforesaid the other House sent to the Commons by two of their number a Message for a day of Humiliation but were returned with this Answer The House would consider of it and then they fell upon a Vote for two Months time to exhibite any Petitions against undue Elections and assented to a Humiliation which was kept within the Walls of both Houses by Dr. Reynolds and Mr. Caryl Mr. Calamy and Mr. Griffith half Presbyterian half Independent as was the temper and constitution of this Assembly This past they fell a questioning the Frame of the Government which their fellow-Members had erected during their Seclusion which yet notwithstanding was carried but by two Voices in the Affirmative and in a resolution of unravelling it all again they proceeded very fiercely which being told at White-hall allarmed on the other ear with danger from abroad and that the designe had already footing in some of the adjacent Counties Cromwel dallied not with this two-handed necessity but to rid himself of the nearest first accompanied with his Guards he by Water came to the other House and sent for the tother and having ranted away a quarter of an hour out of the old Bias for now he plainly perceived the old stales would not serve and that his Life and Greatness lay at the same stake to break them up he broke forth into very rash and cholerick Language to which as a pertinent resolution corollaâ—y and period he added an adjuration to the stain of his larved sanctity in these or such Words By the Living God I must and do dissolve you As to the Royal Enterprize it was begun ever since the Investiture of Oliver who suspecting such practises had with Money debauch'd the Fidelity oâ— Sir Richard Willis and one Corker a Parson as aforesaid that now professed Physick and made always one at any Match or Horse-race whatsoever and being a noted Royalist scrued himself into all Royalists Company and Discourse The Treachery of these men was employed and now manifested in this affair and thereby Cromwel was certified that the Marquess of Ormond personally laboured in tâ—â— Intrigue and for that purpose was arrived in England to lead the Forces of the Loyal Combination which were instantly to be seconded with an Army out of Flanders Just therefore as the designe was ripe he emitted out a Proclamation of twenty miles and seized divers eminent Royalists and among them Sir Richard Willâ—s and Feak the frantick roarer of Sermons was sent to bear them company but soon after when this danger from the Kings party was more compert released The Marquess of Ormond latitating somewhere in Sussex very difficultly by the assistance of one Mr. Graves a Gentleman of that County got away in a small Boat and escaped seizure so neer was he set and the designe so particularly discovered While those were the private close Intrigues at White-hall more publique ones were agitating in the Army in the three Kingdoms from every Regiment whereof Addresses were signed and sent to the Protector wherein they glanced upon the late Parliament and offered themselves and more than they were worth to the defence of his Highness's Person and Government against the Common and Secret Enemy the like came from Mardike who joyned with some French had made an excursion towards Graveling and surprized and taken two out-Forts and so returned the same Complement came also from the County-Troops and their Officers who attended the Sheriffs and succeeded in the room of the Major-Generals now for their Exorbitances and dangerous power even to their Author and because the work for which they were called was over laid aside in place of Liveries to lessen as was pretended the charge of that place but in truth the Protector knowing he could not be served â—aithfully by the Gentry would name such no matter whom as he could confide in and the expence of retinue and treating the Judges being taken off a Yeoman or Tradesman of the well-affected might serve turn and make profit of his place as in all other Offices of the Commonwealth and in this very prick for the year coming of 58 Cromwel observed the Rule he had given which was in its place omitted The Victorious Blake returning into England from the Coast of Spain having awed all the Ports and Harbours thereof fell sick by the way of a Disease his Seafaring had brought upon him the Scurvy and Dropsie and died just as the Fleet was entring into Plymouth-Sound where he passionately enquired for the Land A man of eminent Fortitude both active and passive A master of as many Successes and Atchievements as any person except Cromwel being never Worsted but once in his whole Warfare and that was in the Downs by Van Trump and had merited exceedingly of his Country had he been as tender of its Home-bred as Forrain Honour of which he was jealously observant it serving for his argument to keep the Fleet free from any Divisions of Factions upon the news of the several changes in England He was buried with a handsome Funeral just in the same manner as General Dean was from Greenwich but especial notice was taken of Colonel Lambert's then in disgrace attendance on his Horse between whom there was it seems a more intimate correspondence He was Interred in Hen. 7th's Chappel as other of the Grandees that died in the Usurpation usually were without any other Monument than that of his Indelible Renown for pure Valour Anno Dom. 1658.
the People which was the Co-ordinate Senate of Sir Henry Vane's Fiction of which he was desperate in love with Narcissus unto his death These made the Commonalty worse mad than before and made them more the scorn than the fear of the People which to lessen also Lawson declares for the Parliament and came up with his Fleet into the River and the Portsmouth-blades began to stir so that Wallingford-house began to look thin Sir Henry Vane and Salway howsoever undertook to cajole Lawson but Mr. Scot met them on Board the said Vice-Admiral where the righteousness of these Actions was disputed and spoiled their Game Another Cavalier-Plot was discovered which was the likeliest of all to take being laid in the City and under the Conduct of Major-General Brown some part of the Forces being in Arms the Night appointed but it was discovered and divers Gentlemen and Horse taken at the White-Horse by More-gate I should mention also a Plot upon the Tower by Scot and Okey for the Rump c. but it taking no effect I pass it But the Reader will be weary of these traverses and therefore to the event Things being thus brought about by the activity of some Rumpers and the Army not likely to receive a penny pay more as full information was given the Souldiery the Wallingford people broke up House and the Officers and Army in Town presently submitted to the Speaker Rendezvouzing first in Lincolns-inne-fields where they were headed by Col. Okey and Col. Alured and thence they Marched down Chancery-lane through Holborn where the Speaker was come down to the dore of the Rolls and there the Officers made their obeysance and expressed their joy and cheerfully returned to their duty which done the Speaker with Sir Anthony Ashly Cooper c. took Coach and went to the Tower where they were likewise admitted and had the Keys delivered by Lieutenant-Colonel Miller and the said Sir Anthony Mr. Weaver and Iosiah Berners left by the said Speaker as Lieutenant-Commissioners in that place This happened on the 24 of December Desborough's Regiment of Horse sent out of the North to assist against Portsmouth and to countenance the Wallingfordians stayed at Saint Albans and concluded on submission as did their Clown or Colonel while in the mean time Col. Salmon was sent away by the Officers here to give Lambert an account of this turn upon whose back the County of York was risen the Lord Fairfax with a great party of Horse being then in York whither Col. Lilburn came and joyned with him the Irish Brigades also marched off in discontent so that there needed not any Order of Parliament for Lambert to lay down his Arms and be quiet for as soon as Salmon came the mighty design was crawl'd into an Inne and a Pot-Consulatation held how to come off not with Honour but with Safety and the next News heard of him was that he was seen at Northallerton with about Fifty Horse and no more of all his great Army And thus was Richard Cromwel's deposition revenged by Lambert's just desertion and the Rump victorious returned again to their old House at Westminster with such proud surly looks as made the Red-coats themselves to quake The 26. of Decemb. at Night they got Possession again and Voted several Orders especially about the Souldiery and because Sir Arthur and Morley the former Commissioners were not present they Constituted new ones viz. Mr. Alexander Popham Sir Anthony Ashley Cooper Scot Okey Thompson Markham and Allured giving them power to suppress Insurrections of which they were much in danger However the Lord Mayor and Court of Aldermen had stilled the clamours and Petitions for a Free-Parliament for they scorned to ask the Rump's consent with a promise it should be effected for nothwithstanding the Rump sate which was thought by the Vulgar the only thing intended after all this stir for they did prank it like the Flie on the Wheel in the Fable who gloried that he raised the dust the Mayor and Court of Aldermen sent away their Sword-bearer to the General with Letters of Cachet which came safe to his Hands and were with all affection and civility received and answered in time to the purpose In Ireland Sir Theophilus Iones and Col. Warren seize Dublin-castle and after Ludlow Corbet Tomlinson and Iohn Iones were summoned into England to answer an Impeachment of Sir Charles Coot against them A new Council of State was appointed and all what General Monck had done in displacing Officers and carrying on the Service was approved of and thanks ordered him and Hazelrig being come to Town and lighting at the Palace-yard in Triumph at the Head of Thirty Troops of Horse was thanked likewise most solemnly as was Rich also in the House and as much had Col. Henry Ingoldsby for his Relation of the taking of Windsor-castle The next work was to make sure of the City of London and so to borrow some money for all the revenues of the Good Old Cause were not worth one farthing besides Excise and Customes and therefore a Conference was held at Whitehall Sir Arthur being the chief of the Committee of the Rump but the one would not endure to hear of lending of money to pay their Enemies nor would the other hear of a Free-Parliament In the mean time the General signified to the House that because he supposed them not yet free enough he would with his Army come to London his Souldiers were then very full of money by the Scotch advance and some Thousands of pounds from London which made them willing to undergo that hard duty the necessity of guarding themselves from surprize and treachery had put them upon Upon Receipt of this Letter they Vote him a Thousand pounds a year and that he be desired to come to London and a hundred thanks again and this News kept them from proceeding severely against Lambert upon whom they had an eye to oppose him against the General if he should Army-master them they discharged Sir Henry Vane of his Membership as likewise they did Saloway and committed him to the Tower for their Committee of Safety project All the Officers in Lamberts Combination were commanded to their respective Houses in the Country and Vane to his a Raby in Durham Bishoprick and Sir Anthony Ashley Cooper constituted a Col. of Horse in very good time Sir Henry Vanes's Phanaticks of the Three Regiments were disarmed and their Arms ordered to be carried into the Tower and new Commissions to the Officers in England when news came of several stirs and commotions in Gloucestershire Devonshire and Cornwal about a Free-Parliament I ommitted that the Officers here in London submitted upon a promise of Indemnity which was Passed by a Vote with this condition That they return to their duty by the ninth of Ianuary and Captain Chillingham was sent with this Order to Lambert But because of the frequency of these Commotions and that matter
People never consented to the Tryal of the King For defence he said that he was Commanded thither by his General whom the Lords and Commons had Commissioned that they had declared themselves to be the Interpreters of the Law and if he had not obeyed his Generals Command he was then liable to the Punishment that that Statute of 25 Edward the 3. did not extend to private persons in that Case that Iermyn Nichols and Thorpe Judges had declared that it was lawful and justifiable to obey the Parliament that if the Collected body in Parliament be guilty of Treason where will they find a Jury to try him in the distributed part of the People Here he was charged for being one of those that actually and in person put the force upon the House by Mr. Annesly and made the Parliament a Juncto To this he answered That he was not to Justifie that fault for being no Statesman he did as commanded produced his Commission said that Fairfax nay General Monke were guilty for acting by the same Commission that it was no Treason to silence a Lady that spoke impertinently and being charged with smiling at the same time he said that was no Treason that he was set there to keep the Peace that the People and Souldiers did cry Iustice Iustice to quiet the Souldiers he might beat them and say I 'le Iustice you I 'le Execution you That at the worst Justice being an Attribute of God it were no Treason to require it and that the execution of it is no more He took much advantage of a Witness against him who said he had been imprisoned by him his Evidence was about hiring the Executioner to which one Nelson likewise and Hewlet was named That as Cook said before he neither Sentenced Signed Sealed nor Sate that Throgmorton in Queen Maries days was acquitted for Words that Words may make a Heretick not a Traytor and cited Sir Edward Coke urged also the Statute of Hen. 7. ayding the King de facto He was answered to all that there are no excuses for Treason That the Parliament could never give any Authority to Murther the King nor the General nor was it in his Commission to Guard the Court of Justice at Westminster-Hall nor to cry for Execution that any of those things was an Overt Act of his imagination and Proved sufficiently that Justice and Execution was the intent of Murthering the King and his wrathful Speech to the Lady discovered it After a little Consultation the Jury brought him in guilty to whom he had pleaded his Family and small Children Colonel Francis Hacker was the next He was Charged with Guarding the King at the High Court of Justice of taking him from Colonel Tomlinson the day of Execution for Signing of the Warrant of Execution to him that did it writ by Cromwel but who the man was named in it his memory could not tell or he would not upon much inquisition that he was on the Scaffold and brought the King thither He Pleaded little and said he was under Authority and that he did not read the Warrant that Cromwel writ and so could not inform the Court concerning the same He was also found guilty His being the most Overt Act in compassing the Kings Death William Hewlet a Serjeant of Colonel Hewson's Regiment was Indicted for being the man that was in the Frock and cut off the Kings Head it was averred from his own Confession by three several witnesses and as many attested it was Brandon the Common Executioner that he viz. the Executioner was put into a Boat and trembled after it was done every joynt of him that he affirmed as much to the Lord Capel at his Suffering by the same Axe of which the Executioner assured him He said that he could make it appear he was not upon the Scaffold that day nor near it for that he and other Serjeants were secured that day for refusing to be there but the other Witnesses Evidence being express He was found guilty The Court gave him all the advantage that could be and reprieved him so that he Suffered not The other of the Judges that rendred themselves upon the Proclamation were called Mr. Daniel Harvey was called first who pleaded his ignorance and no malice for that he Signed not though he was present at Sentence then he proved by witness his Reluctancy of Conscience his endeavours with few others to adjourn the Court upon the Kings motion that he resolved to have no more to do with them and that he endeavoured to save his Life Isaac Pennington next Pleaded his ignorance and no malice and utterly refused to Sign the Warrant Henry Marten against whom the Sitting Signing and Sealing were proved and also that at the meeting of the High Court of Justice before they went into Westminster-Hall being in the Painted Chamber and upon the Landing of the King from White-Hall to Sir Robert Cotton's House Cromwel upon sight thereof asking them this question The first thing the King will demand of us will be by what Authority we bring him before us what shall we say by whose Authority After a little pause Marten replyed In the Name and Authority of the Commons in Parliament Assembled and the good People of England To this he answered that he had no malice to the King It was replyed It is evident he had against the Government Further he said that the Commission ran in the name of the good people and so it was no great matter for him to repeat it Here Sir Heneage Finch took hold and gave notice to the Jury of the entituling the good people to it and hoped they would be none of them and observed the impenitence of the Man then he justified the Parliament and though it were but a remnant of Parliament yet in the case of Commons to a Cottage if a stick be but left the Commons appertained to that Cottage He added conclusively his acquiescing in the Royal Government since the King was called in by the People in Parliament which he intimated as the Kings best right and so added to his greater Condemnation Gilbert Millington Confessed the Fact and the guilt of it and was favoured with an acceptance of it from the Court. Alderman Tichburn did the same with much candidness declaring his sin and ignorance of the atrocity of the Crime protested his inability of Contrivance his raw years his unskilfulness in the Laws said he would have rather gone into a hot Oven than into this business if he had known it instanced that Paul was a Persecutor and found Mercy and had rendred himself with the three before upon the Proclamation Owen Roe pleaded the same and his reluctancy to the Kings Sentence and the Proclamation Colonel Robert Lilburn did the same mentioned his endeavour for withdrawing the Court of Justice as Mr. Harvey said before that he wept and mourned the day of the Kings Death Mr. Smith
at Corn-hil-Conduit on the top of which stood eight Nymphs clad in White each having an Escutcheon in one Hand and a Pendent and Banner in the other On the Tower of the said Conduit a Noise of Seven Trumpets NEar the Exchange in Corn-hill was erected the second Arch which was Naval On the East-side were two Stages Erected on each side of the Street one In that on the South-side was a Person representing the River Thames In the other Stage on the North-side which was made like the upper Deck of a Ship were three Seamen whereof one habited like a Boat-swain A Shield or Table in the Front of the Arch o're this Inscription NEPTUNO BRITANNICO CAROLO II. CUJUS ARBITRIO MARE VEL LIBERUM VEL CLAUSUM The first Painting on the North-side over the City-Arms represented NEPTVNE with his Trident advanced the Inscription NEPTUNO REDUCI On the South-side opposite MARS with his Spear inverted his Sheild charged with a Gorgon by his Knees the Motto MARTI PACIFERO Over the Arch the Marriage of Thame and Isis. The Painting on the North-side over Neptune did Represent the Exchange the Motto GENERALIS LAPSI SARCIRE RUINAS The uppermost great Table in the fore-ground represented King Charles the First with the Prince now Charles the Second in his Hand viewing the Soveraign of the Sea the Prince leaning on a Cannon the Inscription O nimium dilecte Deo cui militat Aequor Et conjurati veniunt ad Classica Venti For thee O Iove's delight the Seas engage And muster'd Winds drawn up in Battle Rage At the Stocks the Entertainment was a Body of Military Musick placed on a Balcony consisting of six Trumpets and three Drums the Fountain there being after the Thâ—scan Order venting Wine and Water In like manner on the top of the great Conduit at the Entrance of Cheapside there was another Fountain out of which issued both Wine and Water as in a Representation of Temperance and on the several Towers of that Conduit were eight Figures habited like Nymphs with Escutcheons in one hand and Pendants or Banners in the other and between each of them Wind-Musick the number eight On the Standard also in Cheap-side there was a Band of Waits placed consisting of six Persons THe third Triumphal Arch stood near Wood-street-end not far from the place where the Cross sometimes stood It Represented an Artificial Building of two Stories one after the Corinthian way of Architecture the other after the Composite Representing the Temple of Concord with this Inscription on a Shield AEDEM CONCORDIAE IN HONOREM OPTIMI PRINCIPIS CUJUS ADVENTU BRITANNIA TERRA MARIQUE PACATA ET PRISCIS LEGIBUS REFORMATA EST AMPLIOREM RESPLENDIDIOREM RESTITUIT SPQL. In the Spandrils of the Arch there were two Figures in Female Habits leaning One representing PEACE the other TRVTH That of Peace had her Shield charged with an Helmet and Bees Issuing forth and going into it the Word PAX BELLO POTIOR Truth on the other side in a thin Habit on her Shield Time bringing Truth out of a Cave the Word TANDEM EMERSIT Over the great Painting upon the Arch of the Cupula was represented a large GERYON with three Heads Crowned in his three right-hands a Lance a Sword and a Scepter in his three left-hands the three Escutcheons of England Scotland and Ireland before him the Kings Arms with three Imperial Crowns beneath in great Letters CONCORDIA INSUPERABILIS Here the City Recorder Sir William Wild made a Speech and presented the King with a Purse of Gold On the little Conduit at the lower End of Cheap-side were placed four Figures or Nymphs each of them having an Escutcheon in one hand and a Pendant in the other In a Balcony erected at the Entrance of Pater-noster Row were placed his Majesties Drums and Fiâ—e the number of persons Eight Between that and Ludgaâ—e there were two other Balconies erected In one was placed a Band of six Waits in the other six Drums On the top of Ludgate six Trumpets At Fleet-Bridge a Band of six Waits On Fleet-Conduit were six Figures or Nymphs clad in White each with an Escutcheon in one hand and a Pendant in the other as also a Band of six Waits And on the Lanthorn of the Conduit was the Figure of Temperance mixing Water and Wine IN Fleet-street near White-Friers stood the fourth Triumphant Arch representing the Garden of PLENTY it was of two Stories the one of the Dorick Order the other of the Ionick Their Capitals had not their Just Measure but inclined to the Modern Architecture Upon the great Shield over the Arch in large Capitals this Inscription UBERTATI AUG EXTINCTO BELLI CIVILIS INCENDIO CLUSOQ JANI TEMPLO ARAM CELSIS CONSTRUXIT S. P. Q. L. Over the Postern on the South-side of the Entrance was BACCHUS in a Chariot drawn by Leopards his Mantle a Panther's skin his Crown of Grapes a Thyrsis with Ivy in his left hand a Cup in his right underneath LIBER PATER The Painting over this represented Silenus on his Ass Satyrs dancing round about in Drunken and Antick Postures the Prospect a Vineyard On the North-side opposite Ceres drawn in a Chariot by winged Dragons and Crowned with ears of Corn in her left hand Poppy in her right a Blazing Torch The Painting over her was a description of Harvest with CERES AUG His Majesty having passed the Four Triumphant Arches was at Temple-Bar Entertained with the View of a delightful Boscage full of several Beasts both tame and savage as also several living Figures and Musick of eight Waits But this being the Limit of the Cities Liberty must be so likewise of the Description Thus much for the City now for the Court which in order challenged the first place but 't was best to deal with the biggest first and those Colossus in London were indeed Gigantick and stupendious greatness Come we now to the Knights of the Bath made at this Coronation who appearing at the Court of Requests in Westminster were called over by the Lords Commissioners appointed for that purpose viz. The Dâ—ke of Ormond Steward of the Kings Houshold the Earls of Northumberland Suffolk Lindsey Manchester Their Names were as follows Sir Fiennes Lord Clinton Heir apparent to the Earl of Lincoln Sir Egerton Lord Brackley Son and Heir apparent to the Earl of Bridgewater Sir Philip Herbert second son to the Earl of Pembrook and Montgomery Sir William Egerton second son to the Earl of Bridgwater Sir Vere Fane second son to the Earl of Westmorland Sir Charles Berkley eldest son to the Lord Berkley Sir Henry Bellasis eldest son to the Lord Bellasis Sir Henry Hide now Viscount Cornbury eldest son to Edward Earl of Clarendon Sir Rowland Bellasis brother to the Lord Viscount Faulconberg Sir Henry Capel brother to the Earl of Essex Sir Iohn Vaughan second son to Richard Earl of Carbery Sir Charles Stanley Grandchild to Iames late Earl of Derby Sir Francis and Sir Henry Fane Grand-children to
the late Earl of Westmorland Sir William Portman Baronet Sir William Ducy Baronet Sir Thomas Trevor Knight and Baronet Sir Iohn Scudamore Baronet Sir William Gardner Baronet Sir Charles Cornwallis son to Fredâ—rick Lord Cornwallis Sir Iohn Nicholas eldest son to his Majesties principal Secretary Sir Iohn Monson Sir Iohn Bramston Sir Richard Temple Sir Bourchier Wray Sir Iohn Coventry Sir Edward Hungerford Sir Iohn Knevet Sir Philip Botler Sir Adrian Scroop son of Sir Iervas Scroop who received Nineteen Wounds at Edgehill in his Majesties service Sir Richard Knightley Sir Henry Heron Sir Iohn Lewkâ—or Sir George Brown Sir William Tyringham Sir Francis Godolphin Sir Edward Baynton Sir Grevil Verney Sir Edward Harlow Sir Edward Walpool Sir Francis Popham Sir Edward Wise Sir Christopher Calthorp Sir Richard Edgecomb Sir William Bromley Sir Thomas Bridges Sir Thomas Fanshaw Sir Iohn Denham Sir Nicholas Bacon Sir Iames Altham Sir Thomas Wendy Sir Iohn Manson Sir George Freeman Sir Nicholas Slanning Sir Richard Ingoldsby Sir Iohn Rolle Sir Edward Heath son of Sir Robert Heath late Lord chief Justice of England Sir William Morley Sir Iohn Bennet Sir Hugh Smith Sir Simon Leech Sir Henry Chester Sir Robert Atkins Sir Robert Gayer Sir Richard Powle Sir Hugh Ducy Sir Stephen Hales Sir Ralph Bush Sir Thomas Whitmore In Number sixty eight After their calling over they proceeded in their usual Habits each of them between his two Esquires and a Page following the Heraulds going before them with their Coats not put on but only hanging loose on their Arms to King Hen. 7. Chappel where after the wonted reverence performed they took their seats Prayer being done they returned to the Painted Chamber and the other Rooms adjoyning to repose themselves till the Supper of Two hundred dishes at his Majesties Charge was brought to the Court of Requests where they placed themselves according to their Seniority at the Tables by the Wall-side their Esquires and Pages waiting on them on the other Supper ended the Lord Cornwallis and Sir Charles Berckley the Treasurer and Comptroller of his Majesties Houshold gave them his welcome and then conducted them to the Painted Chamber and the Lords House adjoyning and some other near rooms where their Bathing Vessels and Beds which were Pallets with Canopies were prepared being covered with red Say There after they had Bathed more or less as each of them found convenient they remained all Night and early in the Morning were bade good morrow by his Majesties Musick Then arising and Apparelling themselves in a Cordeliers Habit being a long russet Gown with wide sleeves and a Hood tyed close about the middle with a Cordon of Ash-coloured and Russet silk reaching down almost to the knees and a white Napkin or Handkerchief hanging thereat they proceeded to Hen. 7. Chappel in the same order as the Night before doing the same revâ—â—â—â—â—â— and heard Divine Service and took the usual Oath before the said Lords â—ommissioners which was read to them by Sir Edward Walker Principal King oâ— Arms in these words Right dear Brâ—â—her GReat Woâ—shâ—p be this Order to every of you You shall Honour God above all things â—ut shall be stedfast in the Faith of Christ and the same maintain and defend tâ— yâ—ur Power You shall love your Soveraign above all earthly things and for yâ—uâ— Soveraigns Right live and dye You shall defend Maidens Widdows and Orphans in their right You shall suffer no Extortion as far as you may nor sit in any place where wrong Iudgment shall be given to your knowledge And of as great Honour be this Order to you as ever it was to any of your Progenitors or others This done they returned in the same order they came to the Painted Chamber and put on the Habit of the Order which was a Mantle and Surcoat of red Taffata lined and edged with white Sarcenet and thereto fastned two long strings of white silk with buttons and tassels of red silk and gold and a pair of white Cloves tyed to them a white Hat and white Feather in this Garb they Dined in the Painted Chamber and thence girded with a Sword the Pummel and cross-Hilt whereof were guilt the Scabbard of white Leather and Belt of the sâ—me with guilt Spurs carried by their Pages they marched on Horse-back by Seniority to White-Hall with the Heraulds before them from the Old Palace round about the New and so through Kingstreet going round the place where Charing-Cross stood and then to White-hall where they alighted and after they had gone about the first Court they were conducted by the Heraulds to the Banqueting-House where His Majesty sate under a Cloath of State to receive them They were brought up by six and six each between his two Esquires with his Page carrying his Sword before him In their approaches towards his Majesty they made three Obeysances and each Knight being presented by his two Esquires upon their knees to the King the Lord Chamberlain of His Majesties Houshold receiving the Knights Swords from the Pages and delivering it to the King He with the Sword of State ready drawn conferred upon them their respective Knight-hoods by laying the Sword upon their shoulders and so put the presented Sword upon the Knights Neck in such sort that it might hang on his left side and then the said Scabbard with the Order hanging at it Which done the Knight made his obeysance of Gratitude to His Majesty and falling back the rest were brought up and Knighted in like manner After this they went down into his Majesties Chappel and there heard Divine Service with the Organ and Anthems and then went up six at a time to the Altar and offered up their Swords where Gilbert Lord Bishop of London Dean of His Majesties Royal Chappel received them and laid them upon the Altar and afterwards restored them with this Admonition By the Oath which you have taken this day I exhort and admonish you to use these Swords to the Glory of God and defence of the Gospel to the maintenance of your Sovereigns Right and Honour and to the upholding of Equity and Iustice to your power So help you God This done they returned from the Chappel where the Kings Master-Cook stood with his Chopping-Knife in his hand challenging their Spurs which were severally redeemed with a Noble in Money As they passed by he said Gentlemen you know what a great Oath you have taken which if you keep it will be great honour to you but if you break it I must back off your Spurs from your heels When they came unto the great Hall the Officers at Arms acquainted them that on Monday following they were to attend his Majesty from the Tower to White-Hall on Horseback in the same Robes wherein they were Knighted and on Tuesday to meet early in the Painted Chamber in their Purple Sattin Habits thence to go before his Majesty to his Coronation at Westminster This Ceremony being over the King to honour this
of Peterborough designed for that Command should arrive And for the Queens own Transportation the Royal Charles which brought the King from Holland was sent with this Fleet. In the mean while the Queen of Bohemia the King's Aunt died February 13. aged 66 years having been out of England 49 years and survived all the misfortunes of her Family which almost from the time of her Marriage in 1612. on St. Valentines day on the eve of which she now died had fallen very thick and chiefly and solely upon it She now came to her rest among her Royal Ancestors and Relations whose Glories and Honours she left more flourishing and greater than ever Her Decease was followed with a most violent and Tempestuous Winde February the 18th by which several persons were killed and much damage done in all parts of the three Kingdoms and in Forrain Countries which might give notice that all those Troubles and Calamities this Princess had suffered and by which most parts of Europe were Tempested were quite blown over and she gone to her last Repose A very unfortunate accident happened the same Month The Lord Buckhurst but now mentioned his Brother Mr. Edward Sackvile Sir Henry Bellasis Knight of the Bath Son and Heir to the Lord Bellasis Mr. Bellasis Brother to the Lord Faulconbridge and Mr. Wentworth Son to Sir George accompanying an acquaintance out of Town upon their Return being informed there were High-way men and Thieves in the Road meeting a Tanner and suspecting him for one of them after some resistance made by him killed him for this mischance they were Arraigned at the Kings Bench Bar but by the Iury quitted it not being probable that Persons of their Estates and Quality would set upon a single Person to do him injury but it might happen meerly by a mistake and good intent of freeing the Road. The Parliament had under their consideration the bringing of Lambert and Vane to their Tryal being excepted out of the Act of Oblivion as main Authors and Contrivers of those Troubles in the Rebellion and therefore desired His Majesty that he would be pleased to send for them from their remote Prisons they were in that they might be brought to Tryal that such bold Treasons might not pass with impunity On the other hand that they might testifie their acknowledgments to the Duke of Albemarle of his great merit and services in the Redemption of his Country they by Act now resolved to settle some Mannors and Lands upon him and confirmed the Kings Grants and Patents or what should afterwards by Grants or Patents be conferred on him The Duke of Ormond was likewise presented with the sum of Thirty thousand pounds in Bills of Exchange as a gratuity from the Parliament of Ireland in respect of the Services he had done that Kingdome in the same capacity before where also the Bill of settlement of Lands was the sole Affair in Debate the difficulty about Claims of the English and Irish intricating and perplexing the Bill so that the Dukes presence was very much desired as by whose prudence understanding and competent knowledge together with his equal relation to both Parties that tedious Work could only be accommodated which brings with it the conclusion of the year 1661 the 14 th year of the King Anno Domini 1662. THE beginning of this and the end of the last year was remarkable with a very notable Providence which for the more compact account of it is totally referred hither It hapned that among other the Fugitives for the parricidial Conspiracy in the Death of the King Miles Corbet Colonel Okey and Col. Barkstead which had traversed most parts of Low and some of High Germany where they had for a while resided at the City of Hanow under borrowed names about the beginning of March were returned to Delf in Holland having appointed their Wives to meet them there to understand their Affairs in England but these their Letters being intercepted and opened by the vigilance of Sir George Downing His Majesties Resident at the Hagâ—e they were all three taken together at Barkstead's and Okey's Lodging just as Corbet after Supper was going home by the Thief-takers and the Marshal of that Town Okey offered a resolute Escape Barkstead denyed himself and desired he might fetch his Cloak in the next Room Corbet as he said having taken Physick that day fell a Purging upwards and downwards in a very strange manner Sir George himself was present at the seizure and had them that Night secured in the common and ordinary Prison and thence conveyed them by the States order on Board the Blackmore Frigot then accidentally at Helveâ—t-Sluce having only brought over Mr. Armorer sent from the King to the Lords upon special occasions About the end of March they came to Gravesend where Sir Iohn Robinson Lieutenant of the Tower by Warrant from his Majesty with a Guard carried them to the Tower whence on the 16th of April they were brought to the Kings Bench Bar and there demanded what they could say for themselves why they should not die according to Law the Act of Attainder being read to them To which they alledged they were not the same persons mentioned therein whereupon Witnesses being ready were called and a Jury impannelled who gave verdict that they were the same persons and so the Lord Chief Justice Foster proceeded to Sentence which was the same with the former complices and sufferers for that Fact and was Executed on Saturday April the 19 at Tyburn where they with better ends than any of the rest acknowledged their resolved acquiescence under the Kings Government as of God and exhorted others to do so especially Colonel Okey a person that for his valour and other good qualities was pitied by all men for his being so blinded and ensnared in this Crime to his destruction They all pretended no malice to his late Majesty and their mistake of the Parliaments Authority for good and sufficient They were all three Hanged Bowelled and Quartered but his Majesty was graciously pleased out of regard to Colonel Okey's Christian and dutiful carriage to return his Quarters to his Friends to be interred which was done in the Chappel of the Tower by the Rites appointed in the Common-Prayer to prevent the unruly concourse of the Fanaticks who assembled in multitudes to accompany his Corps insomuch that the Sheriffs were forced to disperse them Barkstead's and Corbet's quarters were set upon the Gates the Head of the former upon a Pole on Traytors Gate in the Tower and Corbet's on London-Bridge For this kindeness and civility of the Dutch States the King ordered his Resident to thank them in his Name from which parts several of the Fanaticks that fled thither upon the Kings Restitution about this time travelled into Germany an invitation being published from one of the Princes there for all Nations to come and inhabit with full priviledges and immunities certain waste places of his
Duke of Ormond who hath so often Governed this Realm hath given the greatest pledges of assurance of an happy Establishment whose beginning I will not trouble with the short-lived rumours of Commotions and Stirs now very frequent and rise by the Arts of our Male-Contents Thus far have I deduced the account of the Three Kingdoms from the most Funest War to a blessed and most promising Peace to us and our Posterity and may there be in the succeeding years of His Majesties and his Royal Progenies Reign which Almighty God derive through innumerable descents no other occasion of our Pens than the gratulatory Records of our undisturbed unalterable Repose Plenty and Tranquillity A BRIEF ACCOUNT Of the most Memorable TRANSACTIONS IN ENGLAND SCOTLAND and IRELAND AND Forein Parts From the Year 1662 to the Year 1675. LONDON Printed by I. C. for T. Basset at the George near Cliffords-Inne in Fleetstreet 1676. A BRIEF ACCOUNT OF TRANSACTIONS IN ENGLAND SCOTLAND and IRELAND c. THere is a justice due to the Memory of Actions as well as the Memory of Men and therefore since the times of Usurpation have had the favour done them as to have the Transactions of those Years publikely recorded though to the shame of those Times that had nothing but Enormity to signalize 'em with more justice may we assay to take a short view of those great and Noble Actions perform'd in the succeeding Years Not that we pretend to a History but in short â—â—â—nals and brief Collections to facilitate the way for those that shall hereafter take a larger and more considerable pains Anno Dom. 1663. THat which the expectations of people were most fix'd upon the beginning of this Year was the Session of Parliament which beginning on the 19 th of February 1662 continued to the 27 th of Iuly 1663. The first thing remarkable was a Petition of both Houses Representing that notwithstanding his Majesties unquestionable zeal and affection to the Protestant Religion manifested by his constant prosession and practice against all temptations whatsoever yet by the great resort of Iesuits and Romish Priests into the Kingdom the Subject was generally much affected with jealousie that the Popish Religion might much encrease and the Church and State be thereby insensibly disturb'd upon which the King set forth a Proclamation Commanding all Iesuits and Irish Scotch and English Priests to depart the Kingdom of England and Dominion of Wales before the 14 th of May then next ensuing upon pain of having the penalty of the Laws inflicted upon them But while they are bringing other Consultations to maturity many other things preceding the Conclusion of their deliberations are to be related In April his Majesty kept the Feast of St. George at Windsor where the Duke of Monmouth and the Prince of Denmark by his Deputy Sir George Carteret Vice-chamberlain were install'd Knights of the Garter Toward the later end of May came News from Iamaica that the English under the Command of Capt. Mymms being about 800 men had made an attempt upon the City of Campeach in the Golden Territories of the King of Spain and that they took the Town though defended with four Forts and 3000 men But the Spaniards having intelligence of their coming had sent away their Women and Riches yet though they miss'd their chief aim they took the Governour brought away 50 pieces of Ordnance and 14 Ships which were in Harbor The beginning of Iune brought News of a Conspiracie of several wicked persons in Ireland who were endeavoring to raise a new Rebellion there by surprizing the Castle of Dublin The Designe was to have been put in execution upon the 21 th of May and the Dâ—ke of Ormond first to be seiz'd To which effect divers persons with Petitions in their hands were to wait in the Castle while 80 Foot in the disguise of Handicrafts-men attended without Their business it was to trifle about for an opportunity to surprize the Guards The Plot was discovered and 500 lib. a head set upon five of the Ringleaders to what persons soever should apprehend them About this time his Majesty caus'd the Earl of Middleton's Commission as Commissioner of Scotland to cease and appointed the Earl of Rothes to succeed him in the same Quality On the third of Iune His Majesty by his Commission under the Great Seal of England to the Lord Chancellor Lord Treasurer Lord Privy Seal Duke of Albemarle Marquess of Dorchester and Lord High Chamberlain pass'd ten Bills which were all private ones but three of which the chiefest was for repair of the High-ways of Huntington Hertford and Cambridge-shires About the beginning of December Mr. Paul Rycaut Secretary to the Earl of Winchelsey came from Constantinople bringing with him the Grand Seigniors Ratifications of the several Treaties made with Argier and as a mark of the Kings satisfaction in the management of his Employment and the Message he brought His Majesty was pleas'd to honour him with a fair gold Chain and a Medal No less mindful was he of the Loyalty of his Island of Iersey and as a reward thereof muâ—â—bout the same time he order'd a stately silver Mace richly gilt to be bestowed upon the Bayliff or Chief Magistrate of the Island to be born ever after before him and his Successors as an honourable Badge of his Majesties affection to them for their constant adhering both to his Father and Himself It was received with all imaginable demonstrations of joy and the first that had the honour to have it born before him was Philip Carteret Esq. Brother to Sir George Vice-Chamberlain to his Majesty But now so loud and so hainous were the rebellious Treasons daily discovered in the North that it was thought convenient to give requitals of another nature and in the depth of winter to send a Commission of Oyer and Terminer to York for trial of the most notorious Offenders in that Conspiracie Seventeen were first arraign'd ten of which appeared to have been actually in arms at Farnley-wood The Plot was excellently open'd to have been a Designe which came from the Bishoprick about a year before and that an Intelligence was settled between the disaffected there and in Yorkshire as also in Ipswich in Suffolk and other Counties an Oath of Secresie taken and Agents employ'd at London and in the West of England for assistance In Iune preceding two Agitators were sent into Scotland to reconcile the Sectaries there who were entertained at one Oldroyd's house in Deusbury commonly known by the name of the Devil of Deusbury and afterwards divers meetings were appointed at a place called Stanh-house in York-shire Whereupon Marshden and Palmer were sent to London as Agitators to the Secret Committee there and at their return brought Orders to rise the 12 th of Octob. with assurance that the Insurrection should be general and Whitehal be attempted Nottingham Glocester and Newcastle were to be seized as Passes
very few his Memory however is there held in great Honor as if the Memory of his Courage were the Soul of the Garrison And seeing we are got so far abroad it may not be unseasonable to remember the famous Battle fought between the Turks and Christians under the conduct of Montecuculi it being one of the 〈◊〉 famous Occurrences of this year most fatal to the Infidels who that day left dead upon the field the flower of their Infantry to the number of 6 or 7000 among which two Bassaes all their Cannon above forty Colours with Plunder inestimable To which Honorable Victory the wounds of the French did not a little conduce Nor are we so slenderly to pass by another Atchievement of Geneal Souches the general good of Christendom being equally concern'd in both who with an unequal number of only six thousand encountring above 15000 of the Enemy near the Garrison of Lewentz with the loss only of 250 slew eight thousand thereby gaining an absolute Victory vast Booty and Provisions of all sorts All this while though there was open War with Argier and that Lawson kept so vigilant an eye over them yet by reason that either through Cowardize or want of sufficient force they were constrain'd to keep close in their Harbors that sedulous Admiral could do little good upon them otherwise than by blocking up their Harbors to keep them from Roving doing mischief His Majesty therefore having more occasion for so great and eminent a Commander at home sent for both him and C. Berkley into England to employ them against a more Noble Enemy in pursuance of which Order Sir Iohn Lawson returns for England leaving Captain Allen to Command in Chief in his Room who in a short time after brought them to that distress that they were glad to accept of Peace upon terms advantageous enough for the King of England The Divan disowning the Breach and laying the fault upon some few that for their own benefit would not be rul'd by their Superiors As thus his Majesties Arms so were his Counsels active abroad The Earl of Carlisle is sent Embassador to Muscovy and Sweden whither also Sir Gilbert Talbâ—t was likewise employ'd as a particular Envoy as likewise Mr. Coventry to Denmark All upon such important Instructions as the emergency of Affairs at that time requir'd but in general to keep a strict union and Correspondence with those Nations Neighbours of his Enemies Sir George Downing was presently after his return into England sent back again with full Instructions what he had to do Many Conferences he had about the Lists of Damages but the Dutch would return no positive Answer to any thing nor come to any Agreement hoping to prove the event of certain great expectations which they had not the least of which was the return of a vast Treasure in several great Fleets of Merchant-men His Majesty well knowing how strong a Nerve of War Mony is resolv'd to way-lay those vast Masfes of Wealth as they pass'd his own Channel mov'd also by certain Intelligence which he had that the Dutch were resolv'd in contempt of his power to send their Guinee preparations by Sea and that Opdam should convey them through the Channel To which end and purpose that he might be before-hand with the preparations of the Dutch the King strives with all his Puissance to make ready his Navy Whose Royal endeavours and indefatigable pains in his own particular Person were answered by the Success For such was the alacrity of his Subjects that saw him continually travelling from place to place by the presence of his own Majesty to encourage forward the work and to see all things effectually and speedily done that the City freely at the first demand made by the Earl of Manchester Lord Chamberlain of the Kings Houshold suppli'd him with another Loan of another hundred thousand Pounds which so highly promoted his Royal Designe that while the Dutch slattering themselves with vain suppositions of his want of Men and Mony and broken with the Calamity of the Pestilence were only forc'd to look on and with envy behold his vigorous preparations the King had furnish'd out such a magnificent Navy to the Sea as the Ocean had hardly seen in any former Ages On the other side the Dutch having consider'd the dangers of the Northern Passage seemingly lay aside all thoughts of going about by Scotland and resolve to force their passage through the Channel The Commissioners therefore of the several Admiralties having revictual'd Opdams Fleet from the middle of October to the middle of December gave him order to hasten out to Sea with the first wind and to Conduct the Guinee-Succors through the Channel having taken care for some other Ships from the Vlie and Texel to joyn with him and in the mean time they sent a Galliot before to their Director-General in Guinee to give him notice of their Proceedings Which resolution taken and carried on with so much vigour most men believ'd to have been extorted from them by the necessity of their present condition for they had scatter'd many Contempts upon the English Nation and yet falter'd in the point of execution Nor was the Issue of this Bravado it self other than what their â—ear presented for about the middle of October Prince Rupert arriv'd at the Spit-head with sixteen Sail of Men of War The first thing he discover'd was a small Man of War of 14 Guns which the Prince suspecting to be employ'd for Discovery and Advice sent his Smack out to Sea with Orders to forbid him to beat there any longer unless he were upon Trade upon which Message he vanish'd At the beginning of November the Duke of York Lord high Admiral of England departed towards his Charge at Portsmouth having receiv'd a most gracious farewel from his Majesty in a short while after he went aboard and joyn'd with the Prince and Earl of Sandwich so that it was no easie thing to unlock the Narrow Seas Opdam lay with his Fleet in the Goree and great debates there were whether he should out or no but the Wind continuing cross put an end to that Dispute And a fair excuse they had for not adventuring upon so great disadvantages as they were like to have found for as we said before the Duke was now joyâ—â—d with the Prince and the Earl of Sandwich Thereupon about the beginning of December perceiving great likelihood of Frosts and high Winds they thought good to lay up till Spring which was accordingly put in Execution to the great dissatisfaction of the Merchants who now found themselves abandon'd and left to all the hazards of a Winter Voyage Opdam return'd to the Hague and the Seamen were paid off And last of all for the better Information of the King of France how Affairs stood Monsieur Benninghen was dispatch'd away Post for Paris To recompence the Stay of the Royal Navy to
attend the Motion of the Netherlanders the Dutch Bourdeaux-Fleet laden with Wine Brandy and other Commodities fell all or the greatest part into our hands which together with many other Prizes at other times this Year taken made up the number of above a Hundred thirty five with great Caution condemnâ—d in the Admiralty of London Nine Dutch Ships were brought into Dover at one time laden with Canary Salt Oyl Brandy Spice and other good Merchandizes Certain it was that the Hollander received a very great Foyl in the Opinion of the People by that Action of withdrawing his Fleet the Vulgar being supported till then with an expectation of some mighty Actions to Answer their Prodigious Boasting This was all the Action of the English and Dutch Fleets at home For his Highness the Duke of York finding that the Netherlanders had laid up their Ships and that there was now no need of keeping so great a Navy abroad with all his Train upon the seventh of December arrived at White-Hall leaving a considerable number of stout Vessels under the Conduct of the Earl of Sandwich having before his departure by a Speech which he made them inspired the Seamen with an admirable resolution and chearfulness to obey the Commands of their Admiral in whatever Enterprise he should have further Order to Prosecute This year were Launch'd the Royal Catherine and the Royal Oak And that noble Ship the London being by an Accident blown up the City made their humble Addresses to His Majesty that they might have leave to make a Contribution among themselves for the building another Ship of equal Goodness The King graciously accepted their kind offer and to shew his greater Acceptance enjoyned them to add the Title of Loyal to the Name of London As yet there was no publique Declaration of War on either side Only the King seemed to Treat with his Arms in his hands And therefore Sir George Downing still prest in the heat of all this Preparation and Action according to his Instructions for Satisfaction of Damages The King had also made an Embargo upon the Dutch here in England which was carried so privately that Sir George Downing had Intelligence of it a full Week before the States knew any thing thereof By which means he gave timely Notice to fifteen or sixteen Sail of the English to Ship away insomuch that there remain'd nothing for the other to Seize but two inconsiderable Vessels and a Colchester Oysterboat About the List of Damages there were several Conferences with Sr. George Downing which prov'd all to little or no Effect But that which pinch'd them most was the Regulation propounded by Sir George for the Government of Trade for the future being very sensible that the English did make themselves much more Popular among the Natives where they settled than the Netherlanders had the fortune to do At length in Justification of their Proceedings they put forth a Scandalous Libel intituled An Extract out of the Memorials of the States General of the Vnited Provinces upon the Memorial of Sir George Downing Envoyè c. wherein they cast many Invective Aspersions upon His Majesty and put Sir George to the necessity of a Printed Vindication The reason of this delay was to feel the pulses of their Neighbours and to try what Assistance they could get from them especially France whither they had posted away Monsieur Benninghen as was said before but his Negotiation did no way answer their expectations Besides that the Minister of the Crown of Sweden charg'd them in a large Memorial with a direct breach of Articles neither would Denmark Meddle with their Cause The Bishop of Munster threatned 'um for the Eyler Fort The Emperour sollicited 'um to do Reason to Malta And Spain Visibly rejoyc'd for their misfortune before Calice Which at the latter end of Sixty four after all their Embassies and Negotiations was their Condition with Forraign Princes They were angry with His Majesty of England for making a Peace with Argier without their Assent whenas they had given order to De Ruyter who Commanded the Squadron which was sent to the Assistance of the English to leave that Enterprize having designed him to destroy the English Factories in Guiny to which purpose De Ruyter set Sayl from Gibralter about the latter end of September with Thirteen Ships and Arriving in Guiny made seizure of all that he found within his reach at Cape Verd and the Island of Gâ—gee where the Governour with his men finding himself deserted made Conditions to be Transported to Gambia But this was in part retaliated by the News which came from Captain Allen who with the Ships under his Command discovering about thirty Dutch-men which prov'd to be the Smyrna-Fleet with their Convey made up to them and upon their refusing to strike Sayl gave them a Salute which they answered After some Dispute the Dutch made for the Bay of Cadiz having lost four of their Richest Merchant-men and one taken and divers of the rest very much shatter'd one of the Captains of their Men of War was kill'd This Action was the more considerable in regard that the Sea was so high that Captain Allen could not bear out his lower Tire About the seventh of Iune Sir Thomas Modeford arriv'd at Iamaica with four hundred Passengers whither he was followed soon after with Three hundred more where they found themselves very well pleased with the Country and very much encourag'd to settle themselves the Governour endeavouring with all diligence to settle a fair Correspondence with his Neighbours both in Sancto Domingo and Cartagena to which purpose he call'd in all Private Men of War belonging to the Island On the 24th of November the Parliament met again at which time the King in a Speech signified to them how unkindly he had been treated by his Neighbours yet that he had upon the Stock of his own Credit set forth a Navy that would not decline meeting with all the Naval Power of the Enemy that he had borrowed very liberally out of his own Stores and of the City of London so that to discharge the one and replenish the other would require little less than Eight hundred thousand pounds That he expected from them all necessary Expedition in their Resolutions and that their Supply might be Real and Substantial This was Answered by Sir Edward Turnor then Speaker with all Expressions of Loyalty and Affection to the King setting forth the deep sence which the Parliament had of the Injuries of the Dutch of His Majesties Expences and the necessity of his Warlike Preparations Assuring Him of their Constancie and readiness to yield him all obedience both with their Bodies and Purses To make their words good they first past a Vote for a Supply of Four and twenty hundred seventy seven thousand and five hundred pounds a great heart-breaking at that time and that which shew'd the King would want no
into which Sweden had offer'd to enter as a Principal Then putting them in minde of his vast Expences pasâ— and necessarily to ensue by the building of Ships and setting out another Navy he desir'd their speedy assistance with Money Lastly he recommended to their care to consider of a course how to beget a better Union of his Protestant Subjects After this Peace with the Dutch ensued the Peace with Spain not only renewing the ancient Friendship but enlarging the Trade and Commerce between both Kingdoms concluded in May last and this Moneth Proclaimed in England Toward the beginning of the Moneth the Count De Dona Embassador Extraordinary from the Crown of Sweden arriv'd at London but before he had concluded his Negotiation died in May following Toward the latter end of the Moneth Sir William Temple Envoy Extraordinary from his Majesty to the States of the Vnited Provinces having exchanged the Ratification of the late concluded League concluded another League concerning Maritime Affairs and having sent it into England for confirmation departed from Holland for Brussels The third of this Moneth was Launch'd that Famous Ship still known by the Name of Charles the Second This Moneth also upon the Petition of the Commons in Parliament a Proclamation was issu'd forth to enforce the Laws against Conventicles and for preserving the Peace of the Nation against unlawful Assemblies Forein Affairs 1667. A Gentleman of Savoy having his Head cut off at Geneva for some Crime committed there the Duke of Savoy did so exceedingly resent their Proceedings which he affirm'd to be both against the last Treaty between that City and him and against the Law of Nations that he was resolv'd to employ his Arms against them The City of Geneva appeal'd to the Switzers who in a Dyet at Baden as well of the Roman-Catholicks as Protestants where were also present the Embassadors of the Emperour and King of Spain unanimously resolv'd to give their Assistance to Geneva The Emperour's Embassador declar'd the like in the Name of his Master who was oblig'd to protect Geneva as an Imperial City being unjustly assaulted by a Prince of the Empire The Spanish Embassador deliver'd himself also in their favour But the main Affair which alarm'd the Princes of Europe was the pretension which the King of France made to the Spanish Netherlands and his great preparations to get the possession of what he laid claim to by force of Arms. Castle-Rodrigo represented to the King of France the scandal which would be given to all the World when they should see him engaged in a War against a Brother of only six years of age and a Regency subordinate to the Laws of a Testator without any form of Justice or demand of satisfaction That he doubted not but the Queen his Mistriss would willingly refer her self to the Princes of the Roman Empire to the Crown of England or the Vnited Provinces And thereâ—ore left it to his consideration how unjust it would be to attempt any Invasion without those Formalities and Interpositions which the Christian Princes had always observed Of this the King of France takes little notice for he thought he had done enough a little before by his Letter to the Queen of Spain wherein he wrote to her that she could not but know the right which the Queen his Wife had to several Territories of the Netherlands which she knowing to be solid had desir'd her Majesty to take particular Cognizance of and do her Justice therein That she in her Answer had not only pretended that she could not upon any consideration of that Affair enter into a discussion thereof but had sent Orders to the Governour of Flanders to administer the Oath of Fidelity to be administred to all the States and People of that Country which being an absolute refusal of doing him Justice had put him upon a necessity of being wanting to his Honour to himself to his Queen and the Dolphin his Son should he not by force of Arms endeavour to obtain that reason which had been denied him The Queen of Spain returns for Answer that the King of France could not be ignorant of the just Rights of the King her Son however that she was willing to enter into an Amicable Treaty wherein the Rights of her Son and Him might be seasonably examin'd so that Justice might take place by the ways and means most proper But the King of France not liking these delays of Words falls into the Spanish Territories in the Netherlands and takes Tournay Doway Bergen St. Winox Courtrich Oudenard and Lille and almost wholly reduces those parts under his Jurisdiction and besides all this he defeats a great part of the Spanish Army under Marcin killing 2000 upon the place and pursuing the rest to the very Walls of Damin On the other side he sends the Duke of Crequi with a Body of 8000 men to secure Alsatia and to prevent any Succours that the Emperour might send And hearing that his Forces were upon their March commanded the Prince of Conde as Generalissimo of that place to send a supply to Crequi to lie in their way Toward the latter end of the Year he fell into Franche Comte where the Prince of Conde took Bessanson Dole Gray Besterans Rochefort and so many other places that by the latter end of February the Conquest of that place was wholly compleated Though the Swedes stood firm to England during the War yet now that the King of England had concluded a Peace with the Dutch they also did the same The chief Conditions of the Treaty were That Swedeland should give up all their pretensions upon account of the Fort Cabo Corso in Guiny and the Ship Christina That the Swedes should give up all their Rights to the East-Indies and neither directly nor indirectly sail into those Coasts upon the account of Trade For which the King of Sweden should receive from the Dutch the sum of 140000 Crowns This Year toward the latter end of May died Pope Alexander the 7 th in the sixty ninth year of his Age and the twelfth of his Papacy In his place after several warm disputes was at length chosen Iulio Rospigliosi of Pistoya Secretary of State to the late Pope deceased He entred upon the Chair in the 71 year of his age by the Name of Clement the ninth As for the Venetian he had his hands full this year the City of Candy being now closely Besieged but though it were with greater numbers Assaulted it was with greater courage all this year defended Nor was Poland free from the Irruptions of the Tartars who had almost defeated the Polish General Sobieskie but that he made a timely Peace with them upon condition of a general Oblivion release of Prisoners on both sides and a sum of Money to be paid them Anno Dom. 1668. TOward the end of March several idle persons in and about the City being got together and abusing the Liberty givâ—n 'um by
the Holy-days it being then Easter-week tumultuously took upon 'um to pull down Houses of ill fame about the Suburbs according to former practises though their chief designe was to Steal and Plunder Some mischief they did and more intended had they not been dispers'd by the Guards of Horse The Scandal lay upon the Prentices but afterwards it appear'd otherwise Four of the number that were apprehended were upon Tryal found Guilty and Executed two of their Heads being set upon London-Bridge The twelfth of this Moneth the King went to the House of Lords where he was presented by the House with several Bills the chief whereof was one for the raising of 310000 l. by way of Imposition upon Wines and other Liquors which being pass'd with the rest the Parliament was adjourn'd till the 11 th of August next ensuing The place of Lord Chief-Justice of the Common-Pleas being vacant Sir Iohn Vaughan was at the latter end of this Moneth solemnly Sworn Serjeant at Law and being the next day advanc'd to the vacant Dignity aforesaid took his place accordingly in Court. This Moneth arrived News that came then too soon of the burning of the Bridge-Town being the chief place of Trade in the Barbadoes the Fire not only consuming the greatest part of the Houses but also blowing up the Magazine to the great detriment of the publick as well as private persons But as it fares with most convenient Situations all hands going to work it quickly flourished again being above half rebuilt before the latter end of the year His Majesty had his Embassadors of Envoys in most other parts of Christendom only Spain and therefore having first conferr'd the Honour of Knighthood upon Sir William Godolphin hs made choice of him to reside as his Embassador in the Court of the Catholick King sending him away with all convenient speed And to keep a Correspondence with the Grand Signior for the good of the Merchants Sir Daniel Harvey was sent much about the same time Embassador to Constantinople These were no sooner gone but Monsieur Colbert arriv'd at London as Embassador from the King of France At the beginning of this Moneth the Duke of York went for Dover neer which place in a Tent erected for that purpose he took the usual Oath of Warden of the Cinque Ports And to shew that his Majesty was not unmindful of keeping a Watch upon the Proceedings of the Netherlands it was not long after that Sir William Temple now the King's Embassador Extraordinary in Holland made his publick Entry into the Hague and had his Audience of the Deputies of the States It was in August expected the Parliament should have met again but the King by his Proclamation for great and weighty considerations adjourn'd them to the tenth of November ensuing In November upon the Resignation of the Lord Gerrard the Duke of Monmouth receives the Command of the Life-guards of Horse being openly conferrd upon him by the King Some few days after Pietro Mocenigo Embassador from the Republick of Venice made his publick Entry and had Audience of his Majesty And now Mr. Secretary Maurice growing old and tiâ—'d with State-Affairs craves leave of the King to make a resignation of his most important employment which being consented to by his Majesty Sir Iohn Trevor Knight succeeded him who at the same time taking the usual Oaths of a Privy-Councellor soon after was admitted to take his place at the Council-board Nor was the King less careful of the Church than State this Moneth being famous for the Consecration of that Learned Prelate Dr. Iohn Wilkins Bishop of Chester in the Chappel of Ely-House His Majesty's Navy though considerable had done little else but shew'd its Grandeur all this Summer when on a suddain Sir Thomas Allen being dispatch'd for the Mediterranean appears before Argier where though at first they stood upon their terms yet when they saw him preparing to use force their Stomacks began to come down so that they immediately offer'd a release of all the Captive English which had been taken by them belonging to Tangier They also agreed to the former Peace made between the King of England and them with some additions which were signed by them and Sir Thomas Allen to this effect That all their Captains should be commanded to let all English Vessels pass without damage or molestation upon their shewing English Colours If in any Vessel the English were equal to the Strangers then they should be free if the Strangers exceeded the English then Lawful Prize however if they shew'd an English Pass to be let go That none of their little Frigats with Oars shall stop any Vessel laden with Provisions or Ammunition for Tangâ—er That they shall not deliver any of their little Frigats with Oars to any of the Salley-men to make use of That if any of their little Vessels intended for Tangier they should take a Pass from the English Consul at Argier From thence he sail'd for Tripoli at whose appearance the King of the place sent out a Brigantine and a Favourite of his to bid him welcome assuring him of his readiness to keep and maintain the ancient Friendship and continue the Articles already agreed on The Parliament who had adjourn'd themselves to the first of March were about the middle of this Moneth by the King's Proclamation Prorogu'd for many weighty and urgent reasons till the tenth of October following The Births of Princes and Princesses oftentimes the subjects of Great Histories are never to be omitted Therefore was this Moneth not a little signalized seeing the Dutchess of York was about the middle thereof deliver'd of a Daughter which was Baptized by the Name of Henrietta by the Arch-Bishop of Canterbury the Duke of Ormond assisting as Godfather the Marchioness of Dorchester and the Countess of Devonshire being honour'd for Godmothers The King in testimonie of his Amity with Spain had sent Sir Edward Sprague as his Envoy to complement the Constable oâ— Castile upon his Entry upon the Government of the Spanish Netherlands who having perform'd what he had in charge return'd at the latter end of this Moneth That which compleated the double date of this Year was the coming of the Prince of Tuscany to compleat his Travels by a view of England where after he had been magnificently Treated by the King himself both at London and Windsor and in many other Cities and places by several of the Nobility and persons of Quality of this Kingdom he departed for Holland and so to his own Country Forrein Affairs 1668. The Differences at Avignon being compos'd the Citizens sent two Embassadors one on the behalf of the Nobility the other of the Commonalty to Rome who being admitted into the presence of the Pope sware Fâ—alty to him after the usual manner and shew'd their great Satisfaction of the choise which the Pope had made of Cardinal Rospigliosi his Nephew to
year besides that their Admiral Morosini with Twenty five Gallies some few Galliasses and several Fireships engaging above One hundred of the Turks Gallies with Sixty Saicks burnt sunk and took the greatest part of them among the rest of his Prisoners Two Bashaws with six Months Provision and Ammunition for supply of the Besiegers The success of Gayland an Enemy of the English must not be omitted who being at Argilla and hearing of a great Defeat given by Taffalette to Ben Buker wherein Ben Buker himself was taken Prisoner and that there was little hopes of getting another Army into the Field to oppose the Conquerour and finding how the ill news work'd upon his own people who began to threaten to desert him unless their wants were supplied he got out of Argilla with 300 men and Transported himself for Argier At this time about the beginning of March the King of Portugal having caus'd his Brother the King to resigne married the Queen and was by the three Estates of that Kingdom confirm'd in his Regency and in a solemn manner they swore Obedience to him accordingly Now though all things went well at home on the French side yet they had not the success which they promis'd themselves at Madagascar where by engaging themselves in other peoples Quarrels they not onely lost many Men but carrying themselves too high and imperious and forcing the Inhabitants to carry their Arms for them the Natives taking hold of the opportunity fell so heartily upon their new Lords that they destroy'd the greatest part of them But Queen Christina having disintrigu'd her self out of these Hurly-burlies at the latter end of the Year arriv'd at Rome where her entertainment was Pompous and Magnificent Nor did the Pope himself the next day disdain to give her a visit in his own proper person glad no question of so Eminent a Proselyte Anno Dom. 1669. THe 25 th of March being past the Year 1669 begins A Year wherein there could be nothing more calm and quiet than the surface of the English Affairs had not the future effects of its silent contrivances made it appear that though action fail'd 't was busie enough in Council Therefore Envoys and Embassadors were frequently employed a most certain Prognostick of active designes About the beginning of the Year the Earl of Carlisle was sent Embassador Extraordinary to Sweden While he repos'd himself in Copenhagen in which Court he was well known he receiv'd a Letter sent after him by the King of England in return of a very obliging Letter from the King of Denmark with the receipt whereof the King of Denmark was so well satisfied and pleased that at the seasonable instance of his Lordship he was pleas'd to cause his Orders to be dispers'd to all his Ports particularly to his Custom-places and Havens in Norway for restoring the Engish Trading to any part of his Kingdom or Dominions and the same priviledges which they formerly enjoy'd according to the Treaty concluded in the Year 1660. Being arriv'd in Sweden among other Transactions he had a private Audience in which he presented the King of Sweden with the little George worn by the Knights of the Order of the Garter which the King received with great expressions of joy being after that solemnly and publickly by a particular Commission presented and invested by the said Earl with all the peculiar Habits and Ornaments belonging to the said Order Other Embassadors were sent to other parts as Mr. Montague Extraordinary for France Sir Peter Wyche for Muscovy In Iuly the Earl of Winchelsey return'd from his Embassie at Constantinople Nor can History be so ungrateful to Learning as to bury in silence the Honour due to its most bountiful advancers It was therefore this Year that the University of Oxford being assembled in a full Body went to take possession of the New Theatre the magnificent gift of Dr. Sheldon Arch-Bishop of Canterbury where after the reading his Grace's Grant by the Register of the University Dr. South the University-Orator made a Speech sutable to the occasion After which several Panegyricks were pronounc'd in Prose and Verse concluding the Ceremony with several sorts 〈◊〉 Musick both Vocal and Instrumental But in the King's Ears the discords of Schism were more unpleasing for now from several parts of the Kingdom came several Informations that they who separated themselves from the established Worship met in greater numbers than formerly to such a degree as to endanger the publick Peace and greatly to the contempt of the Kings Indulgence to Tender Consciences which forc'd the King to issue out his Proclamation for the suppressing of such Meetings by putting the Laws in execution and proceeding particularly against the Preachers Learning always deserves an honourable Mecaenas and therefore the Arch-Bishop of Canterbury having upon satisfactory reasons refus'd the Vice-Chancellorship of Oxford Dr. Fell with the greatest part of the Body of the Convocation meeting at Worcester-house Install'd the Duke of Ormond Chancellor of that University The King was now diverting himself together with the Duke of York in the New Forest in Hampshire when they both receiv'd an express of the Death of their Mother the Queen Dowager of England who died upon the last of August at Colâ—mbe after a long Indisposition and decay of Health which made them both repair with all speed to Hampton-court Her body was for some time expos'd with usual Ceremonies in the Gallery of St. Columbes after which her Heart was in a Silver-Vessel inscrib'd with her Name and Title carried to the Monastery of Chaliot Her Body was carried to St. DeniÌ„s and plac'd in a Chappel behinde the Quire In November following she was buried after the Form and Magnificence which was formerly used at the Funeral of the Queen-Mother This Moneth brought us news that the Enemy was more than ordinarily busie about Tangier appearing often and in great numbers both of Horse and Foot They laid two considerable Ambushes to have surâ—riz'd the Garrison but one was discovered by the Sentinels the other by the barking of Dogs purposely kept there by the People and Souldiers by which means they were beaten off with considerable loss This not taking effect they appeared next day on the other side of the Town and gave the occasion of a smart dispute for an hour but were thence also forc'd to retire much to their disadvantage This made them quiet for some time when on a suddain they again shew'd themselves behinde a Hill neer a Fort call'd Iames's Fort here as the Onset was powerful so they met with equal resistance and a courage so much superiour as quickly forc'd 'um to leave the Enterprize and many of their men behinde with the loss only of one Corporal which this Year ended all the trouble of that Garrison The Duke of Ormond had been some time since call'd out of Ireland who thereupon left his Son the Lord Ossory to command in his
men of Saâ—y since the Truce made with him to be restor'd to their Liberty But the further issue of this Embassie is to be expected in the following Year And for this delay the Emperour excus'd himself for not engaging so great a person in a Country where he had not power to protect him Returning home we meet with no small loss in the Decease of the Duke of Albemarle after a long indisposition of Health in the sixty second year of his Age. His Garter being brought to the King was by his immediate command carried back to the Earl of Turrington then by his Father's death Duke of Albemarle with a further declaration that he should immediately also succeed in the place of Gentleman of his Bed-chamber and Lord-Lieutenant of the County of Devon and farther the King was pleas'd to send him word that as the last mark of Gratitude to the memory of the Deceased he would himself take care for the Funeral which not long after was perform'd with great Solemnity at the King 's particular charge Nor did the Dutchess his Wife stay long behinde him dying toward the latter end of the Moneth but was more privately buried in the Chappel of Henry the seventh The Republick of Venice had â—ent a very honourable Embassie into England in requital of which the Lord Falconbridge by the King's order departed in the same employment to the Venetian State being commanded in his way to visit some other Princes and States of Italy Nor must we omit the kindness of the Grand Duke of Tuscany who besides his civil entertainment of the Earl of Northumbâ—rland in acknowledgement of the courteous entertainment which he had received in England built and gave to the King of England two very stout Gallies for a guard of the Coast about Tangier being of great importance to the service of his Majesty The Parliament according to the term appointed in their last Prorogation was now assembled to whom the King as he was wont to do made a short Speech which was enlarged upon by another from the Lord-â—eeper The King therein recommended three things more especially to them the one was Unity among themselves the Union of England and Scotland and the Supply of his present and urgent Necessities As to the differences among themselves they were as soon as sate buried in oblivion and all matter of prejudice threatned thereby as suddenly vanish'd For they were no sooner sate but according to his Majesty's Recommendation both Houses came to a full agreement in the matter in debate between 'um greatly to the encouragement of all that regarded the good of the Nation as by the effect of their unanimous consultations soon after appeared Forein Affairs 1669. The Treaty at Aix la Chapelle one would have thought should have brought a general repose to Europe but jealousies of State had interrupted the quiet that should have attended upon it The King of France's new demands of appendencies to his Conquests in Flanders startled the Spaniards whereby Contributions were exacted by the French from places under the Spanish Jurisdiction as they took it for granted Nor did the States of Holland care at all for their Neighbourhood This made the Constable of Castile then Governour of the Spanish Netherlands in the place of Castel-Rodrigro send his Complaints to the French King who appointed Commissioners to sit at Lille for the composure of all these differences These Complaints the King of France eludes by renouncing his pretensions in one place and claiming in another quitting Charleroy and claiming Ipre quitting Conde and claiming Oudenard in which contests the Commissioners at Lille having spent many Moneths in vain were at length forc'd to break off without doing any thing On the other side Pompone the French Embassador endeavours all that might be to assure the States of Holland of the great inclinations of the King his Master to entertain all Friendship and good Correspondency with them telling them that he doubted not but the cares which he had for the glory of Christendom would in time sufficiently convince 'um of the vanity of those fears which some did endeavour to sow amongst ' um Nevertheless the States prepar'd for the security of their Frontiers and gave particular order to fortifie several Towns of Overyssel and upon the Borders of Westphalia In this juncture of time came news that the King of France had laid double Impositions upon the Manufactures of Holland in recompence of which kindness the Dutch lay an Imposition upon French Wine and Brandy proceeding at length to do the same upon all French Wares and forbid absolutely the Importation of Brandy and all other Distill'd Waters into Holland and upon this fuel those silent Animosities fed which afterwards brake out into greater Flames But between the States and Portugal there began to be a better understanding a new League being made betwixt them with condition that Cochin and Conomer in the East-Indies should remain to the Dutch and that four Millions of Money due to the States should be paid according to the Agreement made between them The Venetians in Candy had held out a long while against the main force of the Turk being assisted by many Princes of Europe especially the French first under the Command of Beaufort but with ill success he being slain in a Salley after him under the Conduct of the Duke of Navailles who after many Salleys and attempts finding little good to be done with what Souldiers he had left deserts the Garrison and returns for France though not without some disgrace to his person for the King of France hearing of his being landed commanded him to retire to his own possessions forbidding him to see his Face The Venetian seeing no hopes of keeping the Town any longer surrender'd it upon Articles and at length concluded a Peace inviolable for the advantage of Trade and mutual quiet of both Subjects King Casimire of Poland having resign'd and being now retired into France after many debates and much contention one Wisnowiskie a Native and one of the chief Nobility was the Elected King being Crown'd in September and soon after Married to Eleanor Sister to the Emperour of Germany This Year Clement the ninth of the House of Rospigliosi died at Rome having promoted six new Cardinals a little before his death A great Stickler against the Turks his Gallies under the Command of his Kinsman Don Vincenzo Rospigliosi being very serviceable to the Venetian After his Decease Cardinal Rospigliosi by vertue of a Brief acted as Pope till the new Election His death was followed by the death of the King of Denmark to whom succeeded his Son Christian the fifth The King of France at length signifies his willingness to refer the differences between himself and the Crown of Spain to the Arbitration of the Kings of England and Sweden But all this hinder'd not the conclusion of the Triple Alliance which was in the latter end of March in all points
of defence they could but the English in the mean while attacquing them with their Fire-ships perform'd their business with so much valour and success that they â—et the most part of the Enemies ships on fire those which escap'd the Flame were seiz'd on by the English the Men of War were the principal ships of Argier And to compleat this Victory Captain Beach brought in to the rest another ship of 40 Guns and 350 men which he had but newly taken So that now Sir Edward Sprague believing that by this loss the Algerines might be brought to an easie accomodation made a speedy return to his station before that Port. This Moneth the King minding to look after the condition of his Western Sea-port-Towns made a kinde of a Sea-progress For arriving first at Portsmouth he went in his Yacht to the Isle of Wight where he took a view of the most considerable Ports of the Island thence he return'd to Hurst-Castle thence he went to view Corf-Castle thence returning for Portsmouth again he sail'd away attended by five Frigats for Plymouth thence back to Dartmouth with an intention to return by Land to London Observing this the great Proverb of The Masters Eye The Moors and we were not yet so friendly but that Taffalette proceeding in his designe of attempting all the Christian Sea-port-Towns upon the Coast of Barbary would needs visit Tangier giving a warm attacque upon the Fort call'd Anne-Fort though at a distance firing upon our men in Rank and File and falling back while others supplied their places being the first time the Moors were observ'd to fight in such order but finding our men too hot they soon retreated And thus are the Moors become a part of the English History Then was the Parliament again Prorogu'd from the 16 th of April following till the 30 th of October 1672. The King as it afterwards appeared having now his hands full of forrein Consultations Nor was it for nothing that so many Agents and Embassadors were sent abroad Coventry Esq. for Sweden the Lord Sunderland for Spain it being the great care of Princes to draw what assistance they can from their Enemies Sir George Downing for Holland it being no less their care to offer all honourable terms of Peace if they may be obtain'd At home his Majesty to reward Valour and Vertue in consideration of that stout and memorable action perform'd by Capt. Boddison Captain of the Swallow a Merchant-man of 150 Tuns and 26 Men who had fought against an Argerine of 36 Guns and having Boarded him several times forc'd him at last shamefully to leave him and six of his men-behinde was pleased to order the Captain a Gold-Chain and a Medal Nor was the City of London having its publick Buildings recovered out of the late Ruines to a greater Splendor and Beauty than heretofore less mindful to make an Invitation to his Majesty to honour their Lord-Mayor's Feast with his presence which he did accordingly to shew how much he was pleased to see the City so reviv'd from such a sad Calamity The issue of Sir Edward Sprague's success against the Pyrates of Argier was by this known in England for he returning from the destruction of their ships to his former station before Argier it self found a strange alteration among those people for the Aga had taken off their General 's Head and soon after five of this General 's Souldiers cut off the Kingâ— Head and brought it openly in to the Divan crying out they must have Peace with the English Upon this they created a new King who seeing the inclinations of the people constrain'd by their own necessities thought it his best way to enter into a Treaty which at length ended in a Peace as honourable and advantageous as ever was made between the English and those Rovers It could no longer now be conceal'd what the secret Counsels of the Great ones had so long been aiming at For now the King publickly intending War with the Dutch openly Declared That seeing all the Princes and States his Neighbours were making preparations for War both by Sea and Land he look'd upon himself obliged for the safety of his Government and protection of his People to make such preparations as should be answerable to the preservation of both to which end he had given order for fitting and setting out a considerable Navy against the Spring but Money was wanting and his own Revenues all anticipated and deeply engaged As therefore the necessity was inevitable the Course taken was extraordinary It being thought absolutely convenient to put a stop upon the paying of any Money then brought in or to be brought in to the Exchequer during the space of one whole year To which as to the last remedy as the King himself declared nothing could have moved him but such a conjuncture of affairs when all the Neighbouring Princes and States were making such threatning preparations that his Government could not be safe without appearing in the same posture About this time died Dr. Cosens Bishop of Durham and Count Palatine there in the 77 th year of his Age and was buried at Aukland neer Durham Sir George Downing being now in Holland according to his particular Instructions was very urgent with the States in the affair of the Flag and by several Instances and several Memorials press'd for an Answer to his Demands but finding all their delays insufferable and all his endeavours consequently fruitless in a few Moneths return'd for England but after a private Examination by some of the Lords of the Council and report made thereof to the King he was by his Majesty's Warrant committed to the Tower for not having obey'd the Orders sent him It was not safe while we are going to Wars abroad to have dissention at home and therefore the King put forth a seasonable Declaration of his will and pleasure freely to indulge all Nonconformists and dissenting persons in matters of Religion asserting however his resolution to maintain the Doctrine and Discipline of the Church of England as it was establish'd And now they who would return no answer to Sir George Downing are Summoned by Sir Robert Holmes to remember their Duty in another manner For upon the 13 th of this Moneth five of the King's Frigats crusing by the Isle of Wight met with the Dutch Fleet of Smyrna-men and others to the number of 50 Sail convoy'd by six Men of War Above 20 of their Merchant-men carried between twenty and forty Guns apiece The English Frigats coming neer shot at them to make them strike and lower their Sail which when the Dutch refus'd to do the Fight began in the Afternoon and continued till Night then three Frigats more coming in the next Morning they fought again and all that day In the Evening five of their richest Merchant-men were taken their Rear-Admiral was Boarded by Captain Iohn Holmes but was so leaky that she
manner as any of his Ancestors had enjoy'd they also renounc'd that perpetual Edict by which they had oblig'd themselves never to admit of a Stadtholder and discharg'd the Prince of the Oath he had taken never to accept of that Dignity which thing thus begun by a Tumult was afterwards Confirm'd in a full Assembly of the States General There were at this time taken from them by the French several Towns and Forts some of them of great Importance and by the Bishop of Munster six and besides this by the former Maestricht by the latter Groninghen Besiedg'd their Fleet in Port patching up their bruises Yet now the King of England compassionating their Condition and believing those misfortunes might have rendred 'um more humble sent over the Duke of Buckingham and the Earl of Arlington to try if now at length they would hearken to any Reasonable Terms of Accommodation It was remarkable with what joy and satisfaction they were receiv'd by the People the Men Women and Children joyning in their Acclamations as they pass'd along the Streets God bless the King of England God bless the Prince of Orange and the Devil take the States They passed from Holland through the Prince of Orange's Camp to Vtrecht where they found the King of France who had now reduc'd the whole Province of whom they had their Publick Audience in the Camp thither likewise came the Lord Hallifax sent by the King of England as his Envoy Extraordinary and was after his Audience joyn'd with them in Commission being thus all together they attended the Motion of the Camp in expectation of Plenipotentraries from Holland upon their last Proposition While they are upon Extraordinary Affairs abroad Henry Coventry Esq now return'd from Sweden is made Secretary of State at home in the room of Sir Iohn Trevor deceas'd and the Duke of Richmond Arrives in Sweden Embassador Extraordinary from the Court of England where he afterwards Dy'd Toward the Latter end of this Month the Duke of Buckingham Earl of Arlington and Lord Hallifax Arriv'd at White-Hall having expected fourteen days in the French Camp the return of the Dutch Deputies so that all which they effected at that time was a Promissory Act between the two Kings not to treat or conclude without a Participation and Inclusion of each others Interests which was afterwards form'd into Articles and Ratifi'd and Exchang'd with the French Embassadour at London The King of France had now drawn the Gross of his Army from the Neighbourhood of Amsterdam Marching for Boys-le-dâ—c and Maestricht both which he left block'd up the first by Turenne the second by Chamille and being satisfi'd at present with the Victorious Progress he had made return'd for Paris Yet the taking of Nimmenghen by Storm wherein were made Prisoners of War 4000 of the best Soldiers which the Dutch had and the appearance of the English Fleet upon the Coast of Holland was occasion enough to continue the Tumults and Insurrections which were now so general that there was scarce a Town in Holland where the people were not Masterless 'T is true the heat of Action began to cool for some time nor did the English Fleet do any thing more considerable but onely keep the Seas besides that they mist the taking of the Dutch East-Indie-Fleet of which there was only this account that the Cambridge and Bristol being upon the Scout had met with the East Indie-Fleet with whom there happen'd a smart Encounter insomuch that the Cambridge was forc'd to ly by to splice her Rigging and that though they both followed 'um again and gave 'um many Broad-sides yet because they could no way separate 'um nor the Bristol could carry out her lower tire they were forc'd to quit the Fight Only one ship too severely chac'd was forc'd to destroy her self This Moneth the Earl of Essex arriv'd in Ireland and having taken the usual Oath had the Sword delivered to him as Lord-Deputy of Ireland in the room of the Lord Berkley In Holland the Prince of Orange being now setled in the Supream Authority did not a little win the favour of the people by endeavouring to call to an account the chief of those who had been their former Leaders Among the rest he Imprisons Ruart Van Putten and his Brother De Wit Van Putten was accus'd of an Intention to have destroyed the Prince of Orange by the assistance of a Barber who was to have receiv'd from him a considerable sum of Money for doing it The Court of Holland upon examination of their Crimes having Condemned both the Brothers to lose all their dignities and employments and ordered 'um to quit the Country as Banish'd men Thereupon De Wit goes to the Prison to fetch away his Brother but the people being incensed that they deserved a greater punishment as they were coming out again forc'd 'um back again broke open the Prison-door hal'd 'um out and thus the Rabble having got 'um into their possession never left till they had beat and trampled 'um to death This not sufficing they dragg'd their dead Bodies about the Streets cut off their Fingers and Ears and then hung 'um up naked by the Heels upon the Gallows such was the miserable end of those two Brothers The first good fortune that befel the Dutch next to that of the escape of their East-Indie Fleet was the defence of Groninghen to which the Bishop of Munster had laid a most furious and close Siege but notwithstanding all his fury after several attacques and the loss of many men was at length forced to break up his Siege and depart having battered and burnt down above two hundred Houses with his Guns and Granadoes The Dutch had no question promised themselves great matters from the Emperour but there was nothing appear'd to give them any hopes till at length a general Treaty was concluded for the publick Security and general Defence of the Empire at Ratisbone which though it prov'd slow as passing three Colledges That of the Electors That of the Princes and That of the Free-Towns yet after this Conclusion the Imperial Forces being upon their march from one side and the Brandenburgher on the other to make a conjunction upon the Frontiers of the Enemy made a very seasonable diversion to give the Netherlander some breathing time so that Turenne was forc'd to draw off to attend their motion toward Leipstadt and the Bishop of Munster thought it convenient to look toward his own Territories for fear of the Brandenburgher So that now the Prince of Orange had some time to look after the Civil affairs and to settle disorders at home which he did by a change of the Magistrates in most of the Towns of the Low Countries wherein he was not a little encouraged by the satisfaction which it gave the generality of the people who now began to bâ— by little and little better composed in their mindes In England the Parliament
which was to have met in October next was upon weighty considerations adjourned till the fourth of February following But in Scotland the Parliament had sate till this very time and had made several Act for the publick good of the Nation among the rest one that gave toward the defraying the King's Expences 864000 l. Sterling About this time also the Duke returning to London from the Fleet put an end to all further expectations of any considerable actions at Sea this year But to return to the French Camp Marshal Turenne upon the approach of the Imperialists and Brandenburghers sends to the Electors and Princes of the Empire to let them know in the King of France's Name That it was not the King's intention to meddle with any thing that belonged to the Empire and that if any of his Troops had entred into it it was the inevitable consequences of the War against the United Provinces and therefore understanding that several Forces were upon their march toward his Conquests to disturb his Possession and to give occasion of jealousie to his Allies he was therefore obliged to pass his Army over the Rhine And as for the Duke of Brandenburgh that the King had frequently requested him not to meddle with a War in which he had no concern And therefore if things went further they were desir'd to take notice that it was once in their power to have preserved the peace of the Empire and their own The Elector of Cologne and Bishop of Munster openly declared at the Dyet against the March of the Imperialists but the rest being for the most part Deputies could make no Reply without larger Commissions But the Duke of Hanover absolutely shew'd his dislike of their March by denying them passage through his Territories But now Sir Edw. Sprague gives us occasion to return to Sea again who being left with a Squadron to keep the Seas went to the Northwards where he spoil'd the Dutch Fishing-trade taking a Buss several Doggers and 350 Prisoners By Land Fortune might have been more kinde to a young General such as was the Prince of Orange in his first attempts but she favour'd him not at all For whereas he thought to have done great things he had still the worst in all his chiefest designes first at Woerden which he thought to have retaken from the French but being encounter'd by the Duke of Luxemburgh was forc'd to retreat with the loss of above 1500 of his men the second time at Charleroy which he had surrounded with the assistance of Count Marciâ— in order to lay a formal Siege to the place but being assail'd from without by the Sieur Montal and by the Garrison from within he was forc'd to raise his Siege and march off having lost neer 700 of his Souldiers the last in his attacque upon Swart-sluce where his designe again failing above 1600 of the Dutch came short home As for any thing else this year there was little considerable done either by the Prince Turenne or Bournonvile who was now General of the Imperialists in the place of Montecuculi Onely a kinde of Chess-play among the great Commanders and moving of the Armies from place to place as the Commanders saw most for their advantage yet for all that Turenne got ground and advanced as far as Hoxter Returning home we finde some changes of great Officers The Lord-Keeper Bridgeman desirous through Age to resigne his place the Earl of Shaftsbury was in his room made Lord-Chancellor of England and not long after the Commissioners of the Treasury laid aside and Thomas Lord Clifford Controuler made Lord High Treasurer And now the time coming on for opening the Exchequer again the King by another Declaration signified that the same inevitable Necessities still continuing which urg'd him to make the first stop did now compel him to make a second till the first of May ensuing In Holland the Duke of Luxenburgh General for the King of France taking advantage of the Frost with a great body of men advances almost as far as Leyden forces the Dutch from the strong Posts of Bodegrave Newerbrug and Swammerdam and takes them which put the Cities of Leyden and Amsterdam into such a Consternation that the Dutch to defend themselves were forc'd to cut their Dikes and put the Country under Water which caus'd such an Inundation that all the course Goods in Cellars and Ware-houses were utterly spoil'd being forcâ—d to bring all their Cattle into New Town and to kill great numbers of them meerly for want of Fodder for them But among all these disasters the retaking of Coverden did not a little revive them which they took with little loss the Bishop of Munster having drawn out a considerable part of the Garrison a little before upon some other designe Toward the beginning of December the Duke of Richmond Extraordinary Embassador from the King of England to the Court of Denmark departed this life He had been at Elsenore to dispatch the English Fleet there in a season of much Snow and very excessive Cold whence going aboard the Yarmouth-Frigat toward the Evening he return'd to shore in the ships Pinnace but in his passage was so pierc'd with the extremity of the sharp Air that before he came to the Shore he was insensible of what he did and in that condition being carried to his Calesche expired therein in his passage to Elsenore Upon his death the vacant honour of Knight of the Garter was supplied by the Earl of Southampton who was immediately Elected by the Soveraign and Companions of the Order It was no time to act but to provide for War and therefore the King in order to his preparations for the next Spring for the encouragement of his Seamen puts forth a Proclamation promising to every Seaman that would voluntarily List themselves in a Second Rate a free Largess to the value of six Weeks pay and to every one that would voluntarily List themselves in a Third Rate a free Largess to the value of one Moneths pay And further that their Pay should begin from the very first day of their Listing themselves Toward the latter end of the Year the Parliament the time of Prorogation being expired met again and being summoned to attend the King in the House of Lords the Chancellor by the King's Command acquainted them that by the advancement of Sir Edward Turner to be Lord Chief Baron of the Exchequer the place of Speaker of the House was void and being thereupon directed to choose a new one they returned to the House and elected Sir Iob Charleton In the Afternoon of the same day the King met them again in the Lords House where after he had approved their choice he declared to them the success and charge of the War and his resolutions to carry it on with their assistance for the honour of the Nation which particulars were more largely insisted upon by the Lord Chancellor The
Lyonel Ienkins For the King of Spain Count Areschot and Don Emanuel de Lyra. For the Emperour Count Conningsech and the Baron D'Issola Count Tott for the Crown of Sweden For the Dutch Van Beverning Van Haren and Odyke For the French the Duke de Chausnes But the Dutch having other Designes in their heads than what were driven on in that place would yield to nothing there nor were they so fully instructed but that upon the Propositions delivered by the English Plenipotentiaries they pleaded they could give no positive Answer without consulting their Masters and returning to Holland had leisure enough to take their pleasure while the States were contriving an Answer which when they had delivered at Cologne was nothing but a device finely spun for delay which made Cologne a place of great Concourse but little business In the mean time the Dutch send a Letter to the King of England to which the King of England return'd so full an Answer that though they said The King was very sharp and obstinate in his Letter That nothing was to be done but to continue the War That no farther Instructions should be sent to their Deputies at Cologne till they saw how the Parliament would order matters to whom they were resolv'd to send a Copy of their Reasonable Proposals hoping otherwise to bring the King to better Termes Yet upon cooler thoughts they not only listned to the Motions of Peace but also came to terms of Accommodation and thereupon in February following they dispatch'd a Trumpeter into England by whom they receiv'd that satisfaction in Answer to their Letters from the King of England that soon after the Peace was concluded between His Majesty and the Spanish Embassador residing in London on the behalf of the Dutch The News was receiv'd with incredible joy in the Low Countries Sir Gabriel Sylvius was sent by His Majesty to the Prince of Orange to Complement him upon the Conclusion of the Peace with whom also the States did interchange the Ratification of the Articles In the interim His Majesty having caus'd a new sort of Brass Half-pence and Farthings to be made current throughout all England and Coyn'd in the Tower issued forth a Proclamation for the suppression of the particular farthings and halfe-pence of private Shopkeepers and being inform'd that Shop-keepers did notwithstanding continue to utter Halfe-pence and Farthings of their own stamping he caus'd them to be proceeded against according to Law which was so effectually done that many were Convicted and fin'd but upon submission by the King's mercy Pardon'd Before we fully conclude the Dutch War it will be necessary to relate a piece of Gallantry performed by Captain Harman in the Mediterranean Sea where the Vice-Admiral of Evertson's Squadron in a Man of War call'd the Sehaerlaes carrying 36 pieces of Cannon and 140 Men Commanded by Captain Pasqual De Witt met with Captain Harman in the Tygre returning from Tangier and coming both into Cadiz-Bay where Evertson lay to Careen the people of the Town began to laugh at the Dutch telling them That they durst not Fight the English that they had left their station for fear Which Evertson hearing told the Captain of the Dutch that to save his Honor he was oblig'd to Chalenge the English Captain Which being resolv'd upon De Witt fiâ—ted himself the best he could for the Rencounter next Morning Evertson thereupon furnish'd him with Two new Lieutenants 70 Souldiers and 60 Mariners more than he had making in all 270 Men. The Tygre which had not above 184 Men in all saw all these Preparations and prepared himself the best he could but without any more addition of Men. The next Morning getting out a League to Sea within view of the Town and in sight of the greatest part of the Inhabitants so soon as both Frigats came within Pistol-shot of each oâ—her the Fight began with that success to the English that with one Broad-side the Tygre shot down the Main-yard of the Dutch Vessel and kill'd and wounded above 80 Men without receiving much Damage so that after half an hours Dispute the Dutch ship was Boarded and taken by the English the Enemy having lost 140 Men and 86 Wounded The Dutch Man of War was so disabled and shot through and through that She was hardly fit for service to the great wonder of the beholders After which Captain Harman return'd into Port with great Honour having lost only 9 Men Kill'd out-right and 15 Wounded one of which was himself being shot in at the left Eye with a Musquet-Bullet that went out between the Ear and the Jaw-bone of which he was happily afterwards recover'd At home the Dutch made great rejoycing for the Conclusion of the Peace and being now quit from the fear of the English minded onely the setting out of a small Fleet consisting of 32 Men of War under Tromp Haen and young De Ruyter Nor was His Majesty less mindful to proceed against the Papists giving Order to the Judges to put the Laws against them in Execution Forein Affairs 1673. Toward the beginning of the Year the Elector of Brandenburgh concludes a Peace with the King of France and in order thereto draws his Troops out of the Territories of Cologne and Munster Allies of France and Monsieur Turenue drew out his out of the County of Mark. In Poland things were now in an indifferent quiet posture the Arch-bishop of Gnesna a great Opposer of the Kings Designes was Dead and the Dyet concluding in a very great Calme The Turk indeed threatned them but they doubted not of their Ability to oppose him But the King liv'd not long to see the fruits of his Accommodation dying toward the beginning of Autumn ensuing Great were the Fears of that Nation what would fall out during this interregnum and probably they might have suffered much had they not been free'd from those fears at present by a great overthrow given the Turks by the Polish-General Sobieski who Attacquing the Enemy in their Retrenchments by the Assistance of the Hussar Horsemen totally Defeated him so that of 45000 men not above 3000 remain'd alive after the Fight Two Bassa's were slain and a vast Plunder became a prey to the Victor besides the Castle of Cochim which the Turks had some while before taken from the Christians That which chiefly contributed to the obtaining this Victory was the valour of the Hussars and the Revolt of the Hospodars of Moldavia and Wallachia who fell from the Turk at the beginning of the Fight bringing with them again those Two Provinces under the Subjection of the Polish Crown from whence they had fallen off above 50 Years since But the chiefest Scene of War now lay in the Low Countries into which the King of France being fallen with a considerable Army toward the beginning of Summer had beleaguer'd Maestricht a Frontier Garrison and one of the strongest belonging to the States of Holland Among all other Actions perform'd at this
and that he did not receive the profits of it But the Emperour denied he knew of his being a Plenipotentiary and that it was not for one of his Subjects to take up Interests contrary to the Interest of his Soveraign and would not hear of his Release During these Treaties the King of France had possess'd himself of a great part of the Palatinate and had put a Garrison into Germerstein of 300 Souldiers yet proffered the Elector if he would stand Neuter to satisfie him for all his Damages and to withdraw his Souldiers out of Gemerstein and put it into the Hands of any Neutral Prince of the Empire which he refus'd upon Caprara's coming to his Succour The Switzers to hinder the King of France from coming into Burgundy offered that Burgundy might stand Neutur proffering themselves security that that Province should punctually observe the Neutrality and that they would guard the Avenues into it against any Forces of the Empire And thus stood Affairs at the end of this year Anno Dom. 1674. PEace being now concluded between the English and the Dutch this Year was not memorable for much at home The first motion of the Court this Moneth was to Windsor where the Earl of Mulgrave was Install'd Knight of the Garter This Moneth also the King by his Embassador the Lord Lockhart offer'd his Mediation between the King of France and the Queen of Spain to compose the differences betwixt them And to the end he might be no way concern'd in their differences by publick Proclamation forbid any of his Subjects to enter into the Service of any forrain Prince He also set forth a Proclamation forbidding the broaching and uttering false and scandalous News as also against any that should talk impertinently of the Government or the Governours In May Sir Lionel Ienkins and Sir Ioseph Williamson return'd to London from Cologne Who were followed into England by the Baron de Reed Van Benninghen and Van Haren Extraordinary Embassadors from the States of Holland In Iune came a strict Proclamation against the Jesuites and Friests Commanding their discovery and apprehension and promising five pounds for every one that should be discovered and taken Toward the beginning of September upon Resignation of the Duke of Buckingham the Duke of Mâ—nmouth was made Chancellor of the University of Cambridge The Ceremony was performed with all its circumstances at Worcester-house in London Not long after the Right Honourable the Earl of St. Albans having resign'd into his Majesty's Hands the Staff of Office of Lord-Chamberlain of his Majesties Houshold his Majesty was pleas'd to give it to the Right Honourable the Earl of Arlington in recompence of his long and faithful Services and particularly for having performed to his Majesties satisfaction for the space of twelve years the Offiâ—e of Principal Secretary of State which his Majesty was pleas'd to conâ—er at the same time upon the Right Honourable Sir Ioseph Williamson Knight one of the Clerks then of his Majesties most Honourable Privy-Council for his long and faithful service in the said Office under Sir Edward Nicholas and the Earl of Arlington and in his place Philip Lloyd Esq was sworn one of the Clerks of the Privy-Council Upon the 22 of September his Majesty was pleas'd to cause a Proclamation to be published for the further prorogation of the Parliament from the 10 th of November till the 13 th of April ensuing In the beginning of December the Earls of Ossory and Arlington together with the Heer Odike not long before Extraordinary Embassador in England arrived at the Hagne where they went to pay their Respects to the Prince of Orange About the same time was concluded between his Majesties Commissioners and those of the States General of the Vnited Provinces a Treaty Marine for all parts of the World in pursuance of the 8 th and 9 th Articles of the late Treaty of Peace made at Westminster the February before and was after ratifi'd by the States in the beginning of February following Presently after His Majesty having been graciously pleased to Translate the Right Reverend Father in God Dr. Crew Bishop of Oxford and Clerk of the Closet to his Majesty to the Sea of Durham made choice of the Honourable Dr. Compton Brother to the Right Honourable the Earl of Northampton to succeed in his place Toward the middle of December His Majesty having been pleased at his entertainment at Guild-Hall when Sir Robert Viner was newly Lord-Mayor of the City graciously and freely to condescend to the acceptance of the Freedom of London in the Chamberlains Office from the Hands of Sir Thomas Player Chamberlain beyond the Example of any of his Predecessors The said Sir Robert Viner Lord-Mayor thereupon having first obtained his Majesties leave presented his Majesty in the Name of the City with the Copy of the Freedom in a large square Box of Massie Gold the Seal of the Freedom hanging at it enclosed in a Box of Gold set all over with large Diamonds Toward the beginning of Ianuary Her Royal Highness was brought to Bed of a Daughter Christen'd at St. Iames's by the Bishop of Durham by the Name of Catherina Laura the Duke of Monmouth being God-father and the Lady Mary and the Lady Anne God-mothers The Term begining at the latter end of Ianuary Sir Francis North the King's Attorney-General was sworn Lord Chief-Justice of the Common-Pleas in the room of Sir Iohn Vaughan deceased In the beginning of February his Majesty caused several Orders and Resolutions concerning Papists to be publish'd That the Conviction of Popish Recusants should be encouraged quickned and made Effectual That no Person of what Condition or Quality soever should presume to say Mass in any part of this Kingdom That all Persons born within His Majesties Dominions being in Orders by Authority deriv'd from the Church of Rome should depart the Kingdom by a short time prefix'd That none of His Majesties Subjects should presume to send their Children to be Educated in any Popish Colledges or Seminaries upon a strict Penalty That none of his Majesties Subjects being Popists or so reputed should presume to come into His Majesties Presence into White Hall St. James's or any place where His Majesties Court should be And Lastly That care should be taken for the suppression of Conventicles Forrein Affairs 1674. The first thing that presented it self of most Importance beyond Sea this Year was that the King of France gave order to quit all his Conquests in the Netherlands belonging to the States of Holland except Maestricht The States also to be rid of so great a trouble as the Bishop of Munsteri makes Peace with him the Baron D' Issola signing the Articles on the behalf of the Emperor The chief Articles whereof were That the Bishop should restore all places taken during the War That the Treaty of Cleves should be punctually observ'd And that the King of
Lord Say Proprietor of the place The Castle demolished Colonel Whaley marcheth to Worcester Besiegeth it for the Parliament Colonel Washington the Governour yâ—ildeth July 23. Wallingford yeilded July 28 to the Parliament Sir Thomas Fairfax goeth to the Bath from thence to Ragland Castle to assist Colonel Morgan Sir Trevor Williams and Colonel Laughorn Sir Thomas Fairfax summons the Marquess of Worcester The Marquess his Answer He desires to send to know the Kings pleasure The General denyes it shews the inconveniencies of the Marquess hiâ— refusal The Marquess urgeth reasons on his side The Marquess excepted out of the Parliaments Pardon The General promiseth to interpose between his Lordship and the Committees The Marquess cites the Earl of Shrewsburies Case Ragland Castle surrendred Aug. 19 to the Parliament The Marquess casts himself on the Parliaments mercy Several persons of Quality in the Castle The Marquess a great Scholar to whom the King was much indebted he departs this life Major-General Mitton takes Conway Castle by Storm for the Parliament Carnarvan Castle delivered as also Ludlow Litchfield Close and Borstal house Pendennis Castle and Mount-Michael taken for the Parliament by Colonel Hammond John Arundel Esq. the Governour having order from the King to surrender Scilly Island Denbigh and Holt Castle Surrendred Cromwell the Idol of the pretended Saints He disbands 〈◊〉 of the Armâ— under Major-General Massey Cromwel designes to create differences in the Army Colonel Cooks Brigade disbanded * Anglia Rediviva * Anglia Rediviva Many of the disbanded Souldiers of Forreign Countries The Factions begin now to unmask themselves and lay open their intentions The two Factions Presbytery and Independency distruct each other The King maligned to his people his party highly exasperated The Scotch Parliament and Army ingross the wealth of the Nation The Scots are for ready Cash the others for Delinquents Estates The King in the Scots possession The Parliament of England consult concerning the Kings person The King at Newcastle May 13. The Sâ—ots Gen. Proâ—laims that no Papists nor Delinquents shall came neer the Kings Person The Scâ—ts lay heavy Assessments on the Northern Counties They send for their Horse The English Parliament Vote them home and 100000 l. to be paid to their Army The Scotch Commissioners gloze with the English Parliament The Dispates betwixt the King and Mr. Henderson at Newcastle Mr. Henderson languisheth and dyeth Mr. Stephen Marshal a great Preacher of the Covenant at Newcastle Politick disputes between the Parliament and the Scotch Commissioners 〈◊〉 and 〈…〉 〈…〉 11. The Scots urge the Parliaments promise of Uniformity and their ordering the Covenant to be printed in most Forrain Languages The Parliament publish a Declaration One Paragraph thereof relating to Church-Goverment c. The 23 Propositions sent to the King at Newcastle These the chiefest of the Propositions the rest relating to Ireland and other private Concerns Discouâ—â— between the King and the Parliaments Commissioners The King Answer to the Propositions August 1. Duke Hamilton and the Earl of Lanerick industrious to work his Majesty to consent The Fastioâ—s scandalize the King as being obstinate and perverse The Marquess of Montross ordered to lay down his Arms. He takes ship for Norway sollicites for the King in forain Courts at last betakes himself to the Court of King Charles the 2. The Earle of Lowdon unravels the compact of both Parliaments to the King The Lord Lowdon 's speech to the King Instructions sent from Scotland to Newcastle concerning giving over the King The Scots oppress the Northern Counties They agree with the Parliament to deliver the King for 400000 l. they insist upon the salt of Delinquents estates for security of performance But are pâ—id out of Church-Lands solâ— by â—rder of Paâ—liament The King delivered by the Scots The Kings Message from Newcastle of the 20th of December He prâ—pâ—sâ—th again his coming to London Scotch Parliament resolves concerning the Kings person A Plot noysed of the King's escape The affairs of Ireland related 150000 men women and children massacred by the Irish Rebels the English Lords of the Pale side with them Earl of Leicester appointed Lord Deputy and appoints the E. of Ormond to be his L. Gen. who after many successful encounters concludes a Cessation with the Rebels in 1643 by order from the King The Parl. party and Scots carry on the War there they arraign Mac Mahon and the L. Macquire both w ch were executed at Tyburn Ld. Inchiquin Lord Broughil in distress The Lord Lisle ordered to go into Ireland with an Army of 8000 men The Ld. Muskerry Gen. for the Irish. Marquess of Ormonds converts the Cessation into Peace it is â—â—pâ—â—ed by the Popiâ—h Câ—ergy and the inveâ—â—ate Papist A half peace made in Ireland Colonel Monck is sent by the Parliament into Ireland The Parliament and Popes Nuncio alike unconcerned in the Peace The Spaniard threatens to besiege Dublin The Nunâ—io and his party notwithstanding some divisions among them prosecute the War The Earl of Essex dyes Sept. 13. suspected to be poysoned A Zealous man for a composure and an able Souldier He was unfortunately married to the Lady Francis Howard and afterwards married to Sir Amias Pawlet's Daughter His Funeral solemnized Oct. 22 in a magnificent manner Drawn in Effigie upon a Chariot from Essex house to Westminster-Abby his Funeral Sermon preached by Mr. Vines Most of the Parliament-Nobility in close mourning The Effigie placed in the Chancel and privately defacâ—d The Earldom of Essex conferred on the Capels The Presbyterian Government and Directory no sooner set up but slighted The Ordinance for Presbyterian Government to be in force but three years The Directory established The Presbyterian and Independent parties divided The Independents subtile practices The self-denying Ordinance by which the Independents out-wit the Presbyterians The Presbyterians Counterplot of disbanding the Army Cromwel sents it and â—preâ—s it among his Souldiers They chuse Adjutatours to draw up the seâ—â—e of the Army â—â—d assist at their Councils of War Cromwel a compleat Polititian The Army declare not to disband till all their Arrears are paid The King and Newcastle turned over to the English Commissioners Feb. 6. They kiâ—â— the Kings hand he is coâ—veyed to Holdenby met in the way by the General who aâ—â—â—â—ted and kiâ—â—'d the Kings hands the King commends him for a truely Noble person At the Kings arrival at Holdenby his friends are forbid to attend him his Chaplains denyed admittance This solitude the occasion of his writing his excellent Meditations Major-General Brown reconciled to the King He â—iverts himself by Bowling with the Earl of Pembroke and Major-General Brown Harrington an ungrateful servant The Great Seal of England broken Cornet Joyce seizeth the King aâ— Holdenby June 4. The King deliberates what to do puts several questions to the Souldiers He requests them His Majesty takes horse is welcomed at Childersly by the General but especially by Cromwel The Army suffer the Kings friends and Chaplaiâ—s
the Parliament did Barebone 's Parliament dissolved Dec. 12. Squib 's and Harrison 's Speeches upon this occasion in the House The Speaker resignes the Instrument The Protector Install's Dec. 16. The heads of the Module of Government The Protector 's Oath The Proclamation of the Protector Major-Gen Harrison and other Colonels disgust the Usurper The Anabaptists and Sectaries favoured by the Protector His Council The Dutch Embassadors have Audience Col. Lilburn chief Commander in Scotland He defeats the Royalists Col. Wogan slain Mortogh O Brian submits March Cromwel inclined to Friendship with the French The Frigats at Brest rove at Sea Serjeants at Law made The Dutch Peace The Protector Dines at Grocers-hall and Knights Alderman Viner Feb. 8 A Brick-bat flung at the Protectors Coach Gen. Monke sent by the Protector to Scotland to command in chief A Plot. Col. Gerrard c. seized Feb. Cromwel sends his Son Henry into Ireland Cromwel ensures himself Whitlock Embassador to Sweden owns the Protector Monsieur Burdeaux Embassador in Ordinary to the Protector Commissioners Nye c. for approbation of Ministers March Cock-matches and Horse-races prohibited and all such concourses of people The Commission of the Great Seal altered Hannah Trapnel a Quaking Prophetess secured Scotch Estates sold. Gen. Monke proclaims Oliver at Edenburgh Arguile sides with the English A High Court of Iustice. Lisle President thereof Col. Gerrard and Vowel Executed July 10. Col. John Gerrard aâ—d the Portugal Embassador's Brother Beheaded July 10. Ships blown up neer London Bridge A short account of the Highland War The Earl of Glencarn submits to the English The Farewel to the Scotch War The King through Leige to the Spaw Cromwel falls from his Coach-box Mr. Scrugg's Counsellorâ— A Parliament and met Sep. 3. Cromwel's Speech Sâ—vera Orâ—â—nances pubâ—iâ—hed in Pâ—â—â—iament The designe on the West-Indies Sep. The Parl. Examine the Cases of the Lord Craven and Sir John Stawel The Duke of Gloucester with the King at Colen Gen. Blake a wary Commander Cromwel's Mother dieth and is Buried in State in Hen. 7th 's Chappel Mr. John Selden dyes Fleetwood made Deputy of Ireland Steel Lord-Chancellour and Pepys Lord-Chief-Iustice The Cavaliers and Fifth-Monarchy-Plot Maj. Gen. Overton Col. Okey and other Officers Cashiered Overton Committed to the Tower The Kings designe discovered by Manning Sir Ralph Vernon Imprisoned Western Insurrection Sir Joseph Wagstaff Col. Penruddock and Grove at Salisbury The King Proclaimed at Blandford March Penruddock and Grove taken Sir Joseph Wagstaff escapes Manning shot in the Duke of Newburgh 's Country A terrable fire in Fleet-street London another at Abetsoyle in Scotland Major Wildman Committed The Chancery and Hackney-Coaches regulated A great fire in Thredneedle-street London Harris a great Châ—â—t Heresies and Sects Biddle a famous seducer Publisher of the Racovian Catechism The Turkish Alchoran Englished The three grand Impostors a seditious piece Hispaniola and Jamaica Expidition A suddâ—â— and strange Deâ—eat to the English They Rally And are again Defeated by the Spaniards Considerations of this defeat James Duke of Richmond dieth Windsor Knights The Tryal of Penruddock c. May. Six Condemned at Salisbury 26 at Exeter And sive at Chard Major Hunt 's handsome escape Transportation of Royalists June Iesuits Exiled Iudges Thorp and Newdigate lay down their Commissions Marquess De Lede in England Cromwel pretends to compassionate the Waldenses Mr. Moreland in Savoy Serj. Maynard c. to the Tower Porta Ferino fight Apr. 4. Nath. Fiennes made Cromwel 's Lord Privy-Seal Steel made Lord Chief-â—aron Lambert Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports and Glyn made Lord Chieâ—-Iustice Cromwel gives preserments to several Officers and others Sir Wil. Constable one of the Kings Iudges dieth and is buried in Hen. 7 th's Chappel A terrible fire at Lambeth The Nobility and Gentry of England secured An Agent from the Prince of Transilvania departs The King of Sweden in Poland A Swedish Embassador Hannum the infamous Thief breaks Prison and escapes Pen returns and Venables Sept. King Charles at Frankfort He is honourably treated by the Prince Elector of Mentz Dury a Minister one of Cromwel 's Agents An Embassador from Venice complements Cromwel Arguile comes to kiss his Hands French peace concluded Octob. 24. The Royal Family of England Excluded The Spaniard declare a war with England The Loyal Clergie supprest â—â—omwel 〈◊〉 a new Authority Autâ—â—â—y Royalists forbid to wear Arms. Mr. Davison c. escapes at St. James's They kill a Souldier and are retaken are Indicted for Murther but found guilty onely of Man-slaughter Cromwel and the Jews treat about a Toleration Manasseh Ben Israel their Agent Note that it cost the people of England a whole fifteenth to get them expelled in Ed. r. Earl of Glencarn Prisoner in Edenborough 23 persons killed by the fall of Spalding Abbey Sir Tho Ashcock cut his Throat Sir Thomas Wortley killed A Stationers Servant in Fleet-street hangeth himself Colonel Granthamson killed The Bp. of Armagh dieth Cromwel allowes 200 l. towards his Funeral Thames Ebbe and flow twice in two hours Sir George Sonds his two unfortunate Sons the one â—illing the other and â—s 〈◊〉 for it A rencounter at Sea Maj. General Worsley dieth and is buried in Hen. 7 th's Chappel Wrestling in Moor-fields forbid Hannam the great Thief Hanged A great fire at St. Johnstons in Scotland A Committee appointed for inspection of Charters Gloucester Cathedral a School-house and Church Cromwel 's designe in setting up the Maj. Generals first to awe Elections The awe of Elections to Parliament Mr. Villiers changeth his Name by patent to Danvers The Parliament met Dr. Owen Preacheth before the Protector Exclusion of Membâ—rs thrâ— Parliament Sir Thomas Widdrington chosen Speaker The King's Title to the Crown annuled A Bill for the Protector 's safety The Paâ—l promise to assist him againâ—t the Spaniards The Plate-ships taken by Capt. Stayner Sep. Marq. of Badajox one of the King of Spain 's Governours killed The Parliament appoint a day of Thanksgiving The King of Portugal dies James Naylor the Quaker appears He pâ—â—sonates our Saviour He is sentenced to stand twice in the Pillory to be twice whipt to be Stigmatized and to be Bored through the Tongue Lambert appears in his behalf The King at Bruges Several Prisoners released Sindercomb 's Plot. The Parliament congratulates Cromwel 's deliverance The Contents of the Speaker's Speech Syndercombe Condemned at the Kings-Bench by Iustice Glyn. He is sent to the Tower and the night before his Execution found dead He is buried under the Scaffold at Tower-hill a Stake being driven through his Body The Parliament dine with the Protector Jan. Alderman Pack motions Cromwel for King The Peace with Portugal Proclaimed Sir Thomas Widdrington commends the Title and Office of a King Cromwel courted to accept it The Ld. Whitlock's Speech to the Protector The Protector 's Speech to the Parliament concerning the Title of King Lambert turned off Fifth-Monarchy Plot. One Machlin 〈◊〉 in his Age. The
English Lords and to perswade them of the honest intentions of the Scotch Nation were therefore for a while committed but soon after set at liberty having in part effected their errand and insinuated a good opinion of their proceedings withal begot an intelligence and correspondence with some of the Peers who before were well inclined to their cause This appeared soon after in the English Councils of War where the first Gallantry and Resolutions of the Principal Commanders were seen to flag and abate and dissolve into more soft and pliable dispositions to peace The English Army being far superiour in Arms men and bravery was encamped near Barwick and the Scots at Dunslo when by mediation of the persons aforesaid a Treaty was begun which ended presently in a short-lived Peace upon several Articles which being not performed on the Scots part are needless here to repeat In the mean time the Parliament of Scotland according to the Kings Proclamation when he also summoned their Assembly met on the appointed 15th of May and was prorogued till the last of August at which time they sate four days and therein formed four demands for the King The Assembly also sate a little before and abolisht Episcopacie the Liturgy and the Book of Canons with the High Commission c. These things coming to the Kings knowledge together with a Pamphlet prevaricating the conditions of the late Treaty their Letters to the King of France for aid their new Provisions for Arms their levying of Taxes of ten marks per Centum and continuing their Officers and Fortifications induced him by his new Commissioner the Earl of Traquair to command the Adjournment of the Parliament until the second of Iune next ensuing upon pain of Treason Against which Command the Covenanters declare and send a Remonstrance to the King by the Earl of Dumfermling and the Lord Loudon the Chancellour of that Kingdom afterwards who coming without Warrant from the Kings Commissioner Traquair were sent back again Whereupon Traquair a person suspected to have abused his trust comes himself and advising with Hamilton they both propound to the Council the affairs of Scotland being so desperate whether it were not more expedient the King should go himself in person into Scotland than to reduce them by Arms which after many politique considerations was Resolved in the Affirmative That nothing could reclaim them to their duty but force of Arms. This again brought the Earl of Dumfermling and the Lord Loudon to London with two other Commissioners where before the King again they insisted upon the justification of their innocence and withal desired that the King would ratifie and confirm their proceedings and that their Parliament might proceed to determine of all Articles or Bills brought to them to the establishing of Religion and Peace But instead of an Answer to their requests the King charged them with the aforementioned Libel and their Letters and Intelligence held with the French King which then came to English light and were known by the Characters to be the writing of the Lord Loudon who was thereupon committed for a short time but released upon the mediation of the Marquess Hamilton After his release he and Dumfermling presented their Assemblies and Parliaments Remonstrance to the King and the Commissioner returned also and gave a full account of the state of that Kingdom All three of them being admitted unto the Council together the matter was there managed with so much anger and sharpness that the King and the Scots were more exasperated against one another than before The Prince Elector Palatine the Kings Nephew by the Queen of Bohemia about this time came into England having utterly lost his interest in the Palatinate by the late defeat given him there by Count Hatsfield the Emperours General where Prince Rupert so famous afterwards in our Wars and the Lord Craven were taken he staid not long here but departed again and was taken at Lions by the French having past so far undiscovered he was soon after released and returned into England where by the Parliament he had 8000 l. a year assigned him out of his Uncles the Kings Revenue till after His Murther he departed home upon the Articles of Munster-Treaty by which he was restored to his Dignities and Sovereignty being conveyed hence in 1649. in a man of War to the Brill in Holland This year was signalized also by a famous Sea-fight between the Flemings and the Spaniards in the Downs Don Antonio Ocquendo was Admiral of the Spanish Fleet which consisted of seventy Sail of great Ships and Gallions on which were put aboard as the report went twenty five thousand men designed for the service of the Spaniard against the Dutch of the one side and the French on the other and were ordered to be landed at Dunkirk with money for the paying of his Armies then afoot On the 17th of September they were met by the Vice-Admiral of the Holland-Fleet who engaging them in the Chanel was worsted but getting to windward kept near them continuing firing to give Van Trump then before Dunkirk notice of their approach Betwixt Dover and Calice the two Dutch Fleets joyn and attaque the Spaniard the English Fleet under the Command of Sir Iohn Pennington looking on the while who being sore bruised was forced to the English Coast where the Spanish Ambassadour desired they might be protected for two Tides by the Kings Ships but that could not be allowed for the Kings Neutrality between both Whereupon in the night some part with the most of the Treasure and fourteen Ships got safe to Dunkirk the rest Van Trump being recruited with an hundred Ships in an instant almost of time set upon and dispersed sinking and taking and stranding very many so that few escaped home This was the second luckless Armado of the Spaniard on which the malecontents of this and the Kingdom of Scotland grounded many false and scandalous surmises against the King To return again to Scotland where I may not omit one fatal passage On the 19th day of November being the Anniversary of his Majesties Birth part of the Walls of the strong Castle of Edenburgh fell down which was likewise interpreted for an ill Omen such another though more unhappily and nearly significant was that of the fall of the head of his staff at his Tryal before the pretended High Court of Justice For the repairing of these ruines the King sent the Lord Estrich Col. Ruthen and others who were resisted by the Covenanters as men not qualified for the service No hopes for these and other reasons being conceivable of treating and perswading the Scots to obedience a Resolution was taken vigorously to prosecute the War commenced the year before to which purpose it was debated at a Cabinet-Council where none were present but the Arch-Bishop of Canterbury the Earl of Strafford and Hamilton and there agreed that a Parliament
the life of his Martyred Majesty exempting from pardon all such as had proved themselves zealous and stout asserters of the King and his Cause Sequestrations Bonds Fines and Securities abiding the rest as to the King himself they had left him nothing but the name and Title of Regality the honour and support thereof being quite taken away The rest of them were private reserves and advantages for themselves and their partisans and some relating to the Kingdom of Ireland such an unreasonable miscellany that the Scots for pretence of honour could not digest them but scrupled at most of them as they were framed at Westminster for some of the reasons afore mentioned but swallowed then and were satisfied at their delivery at Newcastle by the Solution of Two hundred thousand pounds when in a peremptory manner as will presently be related they told him he must assent At the delivery of those Propositions on the 23 Iuly the King asked the Commissioners if they had power to Treat who replyed No then said the King Saving the honour of the business an honest Trumpeter might have done as much I hope you expect not a present Answer to this high concernment To which they answered that their time was limited to ten days By which time the King having viewed them declined them altogether though hardly be laboured and sollicited on all hands to comply with them and put into the Commissioners hands a Paper containing offers of coming to London to Treat there which they nevertheless excused themselves from sending to the Parliament whereupon the King sent this Answer to the two Houses by a Messenger of his own The Propositions tendered to his Majesty by the Commissioners c. to which the Parliament have taken up twice so many moneths for deliberation as they have assigned days for his Majesties Answer do import so great alterations of Government both in Church and Kingdom as it is very difficult to return a particular and positive Answer before the explanations true sense and right reason thereof be understood and that his Majesty upon a full view of the whole Propositions may know what is left as well as what is taken away or changed In all which he finds that the Commissioners are in no capacity to Treat with him That it is impossible for him to give such a present judgment of and answer to the Propositions whereby he shall be able to answer to God that a safe and well-grounded Peace will ensue and therefore desires to come to London upon the security of Parliament and Scotch Commissioners where by his personal presence he may not onely raise a mutual confidence betwixt him and his people but also have those doubts cleared and difficulties explayned unto him which he now conceives destructive to his Royal power if he shall give a full consent as they now stand as likewise to make known unto them his reasonable demands which he is assured will be conducible to Peace c. and will be there ready to give his assent to all Bills for the security and stability thereof not having regard to his own particular Conjuring them as Christians as Subjects and as men who desire to leave a good name behind them that they will so receive and make use of this Answer that all Issues may be stopped and these unhappy distractions peaceably settled And postscribes that upon such assurance of agreement he will immediately send for the Prince his Son not doubting of his perfect obedience to return into this Kingdom This Answer had a various reception in the House of Commons it startled the Presbyterians as who found it difficult to effect their purposes otherwise than by and with the King it tickled the Independents who did all they could by thrusting in harsh words and terms to make the King indisposed and averse to all Both became very sensible the King was not the man they took him for but a Prince of prudence and resolution no evil Counsellors being to be taxed with the penning of this as their custom was except Duke Hamilton and his Brother the Earl of Lanerick both of whom were very industrious in perswading his Majesty to consent nay even better friends than they to the King who feared this peremptoriness of the Parliament would grow to somwhat worser were almost of the same mind as far as preferring the safety of his life would indulge such thoughts whom the Presbyterians saw there was no way but by strict and undutiful restraint to bend to their will and the Independents by treachery and barbarous villanies to break and utterly to destroy Most highly incensed therefore was the Parliament at this refusal of those means which they said their most elaborate prudence and diligent ponderation of every circumstance after so long a time conducing to the King and Kingdoms happiness had prepared and digested to such an equal temperament of the rights of the King and the people The King was scandalized and reported every where as obstinate and perverse while nothing but the ipse dixit of the equity justice or reasonableness of their Propositions was produced nor was the Kingdom at all satisfied with their shallow suggestions But this served the turn with those who were glad it should be so and gratified the Rabble and the Army who fearful of a disappointment of their shares in the Ruine of the Kingdom the hopes whereof had so long flattered them more especially by the better perswasions and irresistible Arguments of money they suspecting the Issue some while before prevailed upon the Scots reason and faith and honesty to Boot who were so clearly convinced of the Kings refractoriness to the Counsel of his Parliament in denying those Propositions that they would nor could no longer maintain nor abet such his persistency therein but would leave him to the disposal of his English Parliament having first procured from him an Order and severe Injunction to the Marquess of Montross to lay down Arms though in a probable condition of recovering his late Defeat and to accept such Conditions as he could procure for him which indeed were mean and full of secret fraud and revenge against that Noble and famous Captain He was forced in the disguise of his Captains habit at his prefixed time to put himself on board an old and leaky vessel designed for him by the Estates of Scotland but pretending want of Victual and other necessaries while the time of his embarquing and set sail for Norway where it pleased God he arrived in safety and after traversed much ground solliciting the Kings cause in several forain Courts where he refused all imployments intent onely upon his Majesties affairs and at last betook himself to the Court of King Charles the second but of that and what afterwards happened to this illustrious Heroe there is yet room for another Memento The Scotch Compact being concluded the Earl of Lowdon very fairly tells the King still at
Newcastle what he must trust to if he will not comply with the offers of the Parliament If you refuse to assent you will lose all your friends in Parliament lose the City and all the Country and all England will joyn against you as one man they will process and depose you they will charge us to deliver your Majesty to them to render their Garrisons and to remove our Armies out of England and so both Kingdoms for eithers safety to agree and settle Religion and Peace without you to the Ruine of your Majesty and posterity and if you lose England you will not be admitted to come and Reign in Scotland We confess the Propositions are higher in some things than we approved of but we see no other means of closing with the Parliament And immediately thereupon Instructions are sent them from Scotland concerning the giving over of the King It had been debated in their Parliament and from thence sent to the Assembly for their advice by whom it was remitted in the affirmative and carried but by two voices in the Parliament and was accordingly transacted at Newcastle and London But the Scots were not so willing to be rid of the King as the Northern Counties were to be rid of the Scots of whom besides free quarter that Army had levied 20000 l. a month an unheard-of rate and a most unreasonable Several general complaints had been made but now they made up a charge of particulars with variety of imputation upon them which being also Printed the Scots Commissioners desired the suppression thereof or some other reparation which was as one may think well repaid in the sums of money they received upon this Contract which at first demand was no less than a Million but in consideration of a present round sum abated to 400000 l. whereof 200000 l. to be paid at two payments the first upon quitting Newcastle and marching beyond the River Tine the other upon the delivery of the King and their departure out of England and surrendring Carlile and Berwick to the performance on either part Hostages to be given The Scots insisted upon security for the remaining 200000 l. naming very conscionably and brotherly the sale of Delinquents estates but the Parliament would not so undervalue their credit nor prostitue it to their lustful eye cast upon so fair a partage of their Conquest nor buy the King and sell his friends The money they had was enviously enough bestowed on them being the sacrilegious rapine of Church-Lands then exposed to sale by Ordinance of Parliament but conveyed in pomp to the place of payment in thirty six Waggons six Regiments of the Army by the order of the General going with it for its Convoy and according to the agreement the first 100000 l. was paid at Northallerton in December Not to prosecute this subject further through so many diversities and change of countermines nor to touch on those irreverend Declarations from the Scotch Parliament and Assembly and their Reasons as unmannerly of not admitting the King into that his Kingdom it will suffice to say that at last they acquainted the Parliament having received their money that they were now upon going home and desired to know what service the Parliament would command them to the Parliament of Scotland which the King foreseeing and that he should be thus basely abandoned by them he betakes himself afresh to his sollicitation of his English Parliament wherein he saith That he had endeavoured by his Answer of the 24th of July last to their Propositions delivered him in the Name of both Kingdoms to make his intentions fully known But the more he endeavoured it he more plainly saw that any Answer be could make would be subject to misinformations and misconstructions which upon his own explanations he is most confident will give such satisfaction as to establish a lasting Peace He proposeth therefore again his coming to London upon security of both Houses where by his personal presence he may not onely raise a mutual confidence betwixt him and his people but also have all doubts cleared c. To conclude it is your King who desires to be heard the which if refused to a subject by a King he would be thought a Tyrant for it and to that end which all men did profess to desire Wherefore he conjures them as they desire really to shew themselves what they profess as good Christians or subjects that they accept this his Offer which he is confident God will so blâ—ss as to a happy Settlement c. A Reply was sent to the former by Sir Peter Killigrew one who had been the Parliaments Messenger throughout but none to this the two Houses being taken up with the business of disposal of his person somewhere else which was wholly remitted to them by the Negative Resolves of the Parliament of Scotland upon the Question of the Kings coming into that Kingdom That the Government shall be managed in the same manner and way as it hath been these five years last past and that fresh Assays and all means in the interim shall be used to make the King take the Covenant That if he shall do so yet the taking of it or passing the Propositions will not warrant them to assist him in England nor is the bare taking of it sufficient otherwise That the clause in the Covenant for defence of the Kings person is to be understood of the defence and safety of the Kingdom That if he refuse the Propositions he shall be disposed according to the Covenant and Treaty That he shall execute no power or Authority in Scotland till he do signe them and take the Covenant and that the Vnion be kept between both Nations His Majesty guessing at this their desperate and perfidious desertion of him had sounded their Commissioners then attending him in what condition or estate he was among them whether at Liberty or a Prisoner and put the Dilemma upon them If at liberty why he might not dispose of himself any-whither if in restraint what did they mean by his assenting and signing the Propositions which in no case could be valid or binding if agreed by him while a Prisoner To this the Scots had nothing to say but their Covenant with the English which they might not contravene and that according to the above mentioned Resolves which they now declared he was to be rendred to such hands as the Parliament of England should appoint who were expected every day upon that errand They further excused themselves from their reception and admission of his Majesty into Scotland from the danger and hazard they might incur his party being not yet so disbanded but that by his neer presence and advantage of his person they would resume their Arms and Courages and put that Nation in a worse broyl than before and for conclusion they told him they were in no condition to entertain him in that state and dignity
sunk immediately In this action Sir Robert Holmes was Admiral the Earl of Ossery Vice-Admiral and Sir Freschevil Hollis Rear-Admiral The first blow thus given the King publishes his Declaration of War against the States General of the Vnited Provinces to this effect That the dissatisfaction his Majesty had in the carriage of the States General of the United Provinces towards him for some years past being come to that pass that be could no longer without the diminution of his own Glory dissemble the indignation rais'd in him by a Treatment so unsuitable to the great Obligations which he and his Predecessors had so liberally heap'd upon them he was resolv'd to declare a War against them forbidding all his Subjects to hold correspondence with them upon pain of death This Declaration was with the solemnities openly Proclaimed at the usual places both in London and Westminster of which more in the succeeding years And now to share in the Triumphs of this War Sir Edward Sprague returns happy in the favours which his Prince did afterwards bestow upon him for his services in the Mediterranean Sea It stock mightily in the Stomack of the Dutch that the King of France should lay such Impositions upon their own Domestick Manufactures and the King of France was glad it did and therefore though they sent him word That unless he took off those Impositions he should not take it ill if they laid an Impost of 50 per Cent. upon Salt and all other Merchandises of France And though they were at the charge of an Embassador to press for an Answer to this Affair yet they found the King took no care to give 'um any satisfaction at all in that particular They therefore thus exasperated lay the Imposition The King so exasperated lays hold of the occasion Taxes all Spices and Herring imported by the Dutch and forbids his Subjects to lade any Brandy or other Commodities aboard any Holland-Vessels Besides this they saw the King of France's Forces drawing into a Body in Flanders and that with such an unusual preparation as the buying up of all the Flambeaux or Torches that could be got in the Country as if the French intended to labour day and night whereby all the adjacent parts began to be very inquisitive into their own strength Cologne at odds with her Elector comes with much ado to reasonable Terms and in the mean time falls to Fortifying with all her might and the Emperour took that City so far into his protection that he sent the Marquiss of Grana to keep it in his Name to the great encouragement of the Inhabitants Munster was so kinde as to offer this City his Forces for their assistance provided they would admit of no other Garrison but they thought it not convenient to accept of his offer The Dutch repair the Works of Maestricht re-inforcing the Garrison with Men and Provision fearing the violence of the Storm there The Duke of Newburgh fortifies Dusseldorp upon the Rhine careful of the Imperal Territories Monterey in Flanders makes it his utmost endeavour to raise Men and Money for the defence of the remaining part of the Spanish Jurisdictions In this interim of time the two Dukes of Brunswick resolving to bring that City to that obedience which they affirm'd to be due and challeng'd from it lay Siege to the Town with considerable Forces the Townsmen within made a notable resistance for the time but when the Duke's Army began to approach neer the Walls and were ready to fling their Granadoes and other Combustible stuff in their very Houses they were forc'd to surrender on Conditions that the Magistrates and Inhabitants should do Homage to the Duke of Wolfenbuttel as the rest of his Subjects receive and pay his Garrison and pay moreover a considerable sum of Money for their disobedience Those Flames that could not have their will upon Brunswick are now raging upon the beautiful Escurial the most magnificent piece of work in all Spain if not in Europe It was several days consuming and among other things was destroy'd the famous Library there a loss the most considerable as being most difficult if not altogether impossible to be repair'd But to return to other Combustions in the midst whereof we finde the Dutch labouring all they could to get the Dane and Swede on their side But the King of France had put the Dane and they far enough asunder for the King of Denmark having referr'd the matter in difference concerning the remaining Subsidies due from the States to that Crown to the King of France He makes an Award for the payment of five Millions of Crowns Principal and one Million Interest so that it was in vain for Amerongen to Sollicite there till the States had submitted to that advantageous determination Besides that the continual Negotiations of the King of England's Embassadors and extraordinary Envoys had no small influence upon those Crowns so that the Negotiation of Van Haren gave little satisfaction to his Masters Their Consultations are therefore all employed for provision of Men and Arms and lest they should want a Head the Prince of Orange is now by the general Consent of the States in a full Assembly made their Captain-General and Admiral for that Campagne engaging to renew it again after Expiration during Life Commissioners were also appointed to Assist him De Wit Van Putten and others The Emperor seeing things at this height offer'd his own Mediation between the King of France and the States buâ— now prov'd too late And as for the Queen-Regent of Spain the King of France had sent to know Her positive Answer how she would behave her self in this juncture of Affairs but she being a Lady took time to give in her Answer Nor was it without some kinde of slight that the Dutch Embassador was dismist from Paris when desiring leave for his last Audience and a Pass for the safe Transporting his Goods by Sea Reply was made That for his Audience he might have it so soon as he pleas'd but for his Goods they were to be view'd by the Officers of the Customs before they could stir Anno Dom. 1672. THE War with the Year being thus openly begun the King of England in the first place takes care for the security of his own Subjects Trading by Sea by allowing them sufficient Convoys and giving them liberty to Sayl their Vessels with the assistance of what Forrein Marriners they could procure taking particular Order also against the sculking and absconding of such Officers and Sea-men who were his own Natural Subjects And knowing that Actions of Importance depend in their success upon good Advice he call'd to his Privy Council four persons of great Honour and Integrity Henry Marquess of Worcester President of the Council of Wales Arthur Earl of Essex Thomas Viscount Falconbridge and George Viscount Hallifax and soon after Sir Thomas Osburn Baroner
While the King of England is preparing his Fleet by Sea the King of France leaving the Management of Affairs at home in the Hands of the Queen begins his March at the Head of his Main Army himself and first he Arrives at Charleroy the chief place of Rendezvous whence he sends to Montery to assure him that though he were constrain'd to March through those Countries yet he would take care that not the least Act of Hostility should be committed Toward the beginning of May Turenne appear'd within a League of Maestricht which was soon after wholly Blockt up in which condition the King leaving it March'd directly with the gross of his Army toward Rhinebergh In the mean while at Sea the English Fleet being in all English and French 160 Sayl had often sight of the Dutch But upon the 28th of this Month about five of the Clock in the Morning a most brisk Fight began near the Bay of Southwold The Blew Squadron first Engag'd and the Royal Iames was the first Ship that fir'd next to which his Royal Highness who was becalm'd but the Blew Squadron and the French having a Gale came up with the Duke and Fought briskly In the Afternoon of the day the Soveraign St. Andrew and about 20 more getting the Weather-gage of the Dutch were hotly Engag'd about which time the Iames being over-presâ— with Number of Men of War and Fireships a Flag-ship of the Dutch lay'd himself athwart his Hawser but finding his Entertainment too hot cry'd out for quarter whereupon the English entring and leaving the Iames naked the Fireships took their advantage two of which were sunk the third took place and fir'd a stout ship where the Earl of Sandwich perish'd for want of Relief but his Captain Captain Haddock escap'd with a shot in his Thigh The Henry and Two other ships more were likewise disabled At Night the Dutch stood away which the Duke perceiving stood after them keeping in sight of their Lights all Night In the afternoon of the next day the Duke hors'd up his Bloody Flag and bore lasking upon the Dutch intending a second Engagement but on a suddain there fell such a thick Mist with much Wind that they could not see a ships length about an hour and a half after it cleer'd up again and the Bloody Flag was put out a second time but the Fog coming thick again nothing could be done Whereupon the Duke finding himself near the Oyster-Bank Tack'd about stood away some Leagues and came to an Anchor there he staid all Night and the next Morning till Ten a Clock but could hear nothing of the Enemy who were retir'd to the shallows of their own Coast. In this Engagement were lost out-right the Earl of Sandwich Captain Digby in the Henry Sir Iohn Cox in the Prince Sir Freschevile Hollis Monsieur de la Rabinier the French Rear-Admiral with several others several others Wounded about seven hundred Common Sea-men slain and as many Wounded and the Royal Iames only Burn'd In the Henry not an Officer was left alive and above half the Men slain The Katharine was taken and the Captain put on Board a Dutch ship and the Men clapt under Hatches the Dutch going about to Fire the ship at what time a French Sloop came in and cut away the Fireships Boat and then the English finding a way to break out upon the Dutch redeem'd both themselves and the ship and brought away Sixteen of the Dutch Prisoners that were a little before their Masters On the Dutch side were lost Admiral Van Ghent and Captain Brakhel most of their great ships miserably torn among the rest two sunk one by the Earl of Sandwich another by Sir Edward Sprage one taken and one Burn'd besides a very great loss of Common Sea-men another great Vessel suppos'd to be a Flag-ship was seen to sink neer Alborough and several others that were missing suppos'd to be sunk or burn'd As this was no small loss at Sea considering some advantage they had to be beaten into their own Ports so was their loss as great by Land the French having at the same time taken Rhineberg Wesel Oysup and Burick Groll Borkelo taken by the Bishop of Munster and after them Rees Sckenk-Sconce and several others underwent the same Fate possessed by the French Nor was this all for the French without much resistance had now forc'd their Passage over the Rhine neer Tolbuys This neer Approach of the French bred such a Confusion in the Netherlands that many of the most wealthy Inhabitants forsook the Country not willing to hazard their Persons and Estates in a Country falling into the hands of a Victorious Forreigner The States also themselves remov'd from the Hague to Amsterdam for their better security opening the Sluces and putting the Country round under Water to the dammage of above 18 Millions of Gilders The King of England being throughly informed of these Proceedings puts forth a seasonable Declaration signifying That if any of the Low Country Subjects either out of Affection to His Majesty or his Government or because of the oppression they meet with at home from their Governours should come into his Kingdoms they should be Protected in their Persons and Estates that they should have an Act for their Naturalization and that all such Ships and Vessels as they should bring along with them should be accompted as English built and enjoy the same Priviledges and Immunities as to Trade Navigation and Customs as if they had been built in England or belong'd to his own Subjects And to restrain the Licentious Tongues of those that were apt to talk too busily and sawcily of State-Affairs the King did farther by his Proclamation forbid all his loving Subjects either by Writing or Speaking to divulge or utter false News or Reports or to intermeddle in matters of Government or with any of his Majesties Councellors or Ministers in their common Discourses All this while the Dutch at Land began to be more and more streightned for on the one side the King of France was Advanc'd within Three Leagues of Amsterdam Arnhem Vtrecht and Zutphen and Emmerick surrendred up to him on the other side the Bishop of Munster press'd hard upon Frizeland having taken Deventer Groll Borkelo Doetechem and several other Places of lesser Consequence insomuch that the People began to Tumult in all places but more especially at Dort whither they sent for the Prince of Orange where as he was at Dinner with the Lords at the Paw being the Principal House in the Town the Burgers who were in Arms surrounded the House and sent up their Captains to tell the Lords That except they presently drew up a Paper and put their Hands to it for declaring the Prince Stadt-holder they would Cut all their Throats whereupon the Paper was immediately drawn up and sign'd by which the said Prince was declar'd Stadt-holder with all the Powers and Authorities in as ample