Over the Trent and the Line it has two Bridges besides two others over two Ponds called the Cheney Bridges It has three Churches and a strong and goodly Castle built on a steep Rock on the West side of the Town In the Reign of Burthred King of the Mercians and Aethelred King of the VVest-Saxons the Danes having got the Possession of this Castle kept it against three Kings united against them and forced them to a Peace After this Edward the Elder walled the Town the South part of which was standing in Mr. Cambden's time The Castle which is now standing was rebuilt by VVilliam the Conqueror to curb the English Edward IV. repaired it In 1â—75 it was besieged by Henry II. but could not be taken In the Barons Wars it was surprised by Robert de Ferrariis an Earl otherwise it was never taken by force as the same Author observes Long. 22. 14. Lat. 53. 00. Charles Lord Howard descended from the House of Norfolk by the Mowbrays Earls of this County from 1377. to 1475. was in 1597. created Earl of Nottingham This Family ending in Charles Lord Howard the third in that Line the Honor was conferred May 12. 1681. upon Heneage Lord Finch Baron of Daventry then Lord Chancellor of England and it is now enjoyed by Daniel Son of the said Heneage Nova Antequera a City of New Spain in America in the Province of Oaxaca eighty Spanish Leagues from Mexico to the East seventeen from the North Sea to the South and seventeen from Vera Cruz. It is little and not much inhabited though a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Mexico ever since 1535. Nova Guinea a large Country in the Western part of the Pacifick Ocean which is a part of the Terra Australis on the East of the Molucco Islands First discovered by Andrew Ardaneta a Spaniard in 1528. and then thought to be an Island but since to be a part of the South Continent Novara Novaria a City of Italy which in Pliny's time was the Capital of Insubria It is now a part of the Duchy of Milan and a Bishop's See under that Archbishop the Head of a small Territory called by its name Very strong and can shew many ancient Roman Inscriptions as Testimonies of its Antiquity It stands twenty five Miles from Milan to the West and ten from Turin in a well-watered and fruitful Soil and upon an Eminence well fortified Near this Lewis Sforza Duke of Milan was taken by the French in 1500. But twelve years after the Swiss gave the French a great Overthrow in this Place to abate their joy for their former Success Peter Lombard the Master of the Sentences and sometime Bishop of Paris was a Native of this City and Pope Innocent XI Bishop of it when he was chosen Novellara a fine Town in the Lower Lombardy between the Territories of the Dukes of Mantoua and Modena subject to a Count of its own who is of the Family of Gonzaga ten Miles from Regio towards the North. It has a Castle called Bagnuollo Novibazar Novus Mercatus one of the principal Cities of Servia upon the River Orasâ—a fifty Miles from Nissa to the West Novigrad Novigradum Argyrutum a Town in Dalmatia which has a Castle seated upon a Bay of the same name twenty Miles from Zara to the East and twenty five from Sebenico to the North. It belonged to the Venetians but was taken by the Turks in 1646. Novigrad a small City in the Vpper Hungary which gives name to a County one German Mile from the Danube five from Gran to the North-East and four from Vaccia It has a Castle which is seated on a Rock and a Dike thirty four foot deep cut in the same Rock which makes it almost inaccessible yet the Turks took this strong Place in 1663. Novogorod Velki Novogardia Magna a City of Moscovy called by the Germans Neugarten which is very great and an Archbishops See the Capital of a Principality of the same name seated in a spacious Plain upon the River Wolkow where it issueth from the Lake of Ilmen an hundred and five German Miles from Mosco to the North-West forty six from Pleskow to the East and forty from Narva to the South East Long. 50. 00. Lat. 58. 23. The River Wolchou or Woldga saith Olearius falls by Notteburgh and the Gulph of Finland into the Baltick Sea this River is the chief cause of the Wealth and Greatness of the City being Navigable from its Fountains almost to the Baltick which has made this City the chief for Trade in all the North. Vithold Great Duke of Lithuania was the first who in 1427. obliged this City to pay a vast Tribute John Basilowitz Grotsden Duke of Muscovy overthrew an Army raised by this City in 1477. Thereupon he made himself Master of it and carried thence to Mosco three hundred Wagons loaden with Gold Silver and rich Goods John Basilowitz another of their Princes in 1569. slew two thousand seven hundred and seventy of its Inhabitants and cast them into the River upon a bare groundless suspicion besides a vast number trodden to death by a Party of Horse This City was taken by the Swedes in 1611. and restored to the Russ in 1634. It hath formerly been so puissant that it passed for a common Proverb Who is there that can oppose himself to God and the great City of Novogrod They reckon about seventy Monasteries in it It s largeness has been set in the parallel with that of Rome but its Walls are of Wood and the Buildings mean Novogorod Nisi that is the Lower is a vast City of Moscovy seated upon the Wolga where it takes in the Occa an hundred German Miles from Mosco to the North-East and forty from Wologda to the South-East Novogrod Novogroda sirnamed Litawiski is a City of Lithuania under the Crown of Poland the Capital of a Palatinate of the same name in which the Diet of Lithuania ought by turns with Minsko to be holden It stands scarce four Polish Miles from the River Niemen or Memel and twenty from Vilna to the South Novogrodeck Seviersky a strong City of Russia which has been attributed to Lithuania when under the Poles but now it is under the Russ again It stands upon the River Dezna seventeen Polish Miles from Czernichou to the North-East forty six from Kiovia to the same and the same distance from Smolensko to the South This is also the Capital of a Palatinate Noyon Novomagâ—s Noviodunum a City in the Isle of France near the Borders of Picardy of which it was a part upon the River Vorse which two Miles lower falls into the Oise eight Leagues from Soisons to the South-West fifteen from Amiens six from Reims to the West and twenty two from Paris to the North. It is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Reims the Bishop of it is one of the three Earls and a Peer of France the Diocese which belongs to it is called Le Noyonois â—â—bia a
Brivodurum and Breviodurus Bricquia a Province in the lesser Asia formerly called Licia Bridgend a Market-Town in Glamorganshire in Wales in the Hundred of New-Castle Bridge-North a Market-Town in Shropshire in the Hundred of Stottesdon upon the Severn Heretofore fortified since demolished Bridlingtou or Burlington a small Town in the County of York where Mary Queen of England Landing from Holland February 22. 1642. was most barbarously treated by 4 Parliament Ships which a great while plaid with their Cannon on the Town and especially on that House in which the Queen was entertained Bridge-Water a Corporation in Somersetshire upon the South side of the River Parret which about five Miles further falls into the Irish Sea 13 Miles from Wells to the West and 23 from Bristol to the South-West It was a great and a populous Town as Mr. Camden saith but suffered very much in the old Rebellion by the Scots July 23. 1645. And on Sunday July 5. 1685. the late Duke of Monmouth Natural Son to Charles II. of ever blessed Memory was entirely defeated being then in Rebellion against K. James II. upon a Moor near this place by the Providence of God and the Courage of the Earl of Feversham who the same day marched to Bridge-Water the Rebels having before his coming deserted it and dispers'd themselves The greatest Honor this Town has is to give the Title of an Earl to the Right Honourable John Egerton whose Father was created Earl of Bridge-VVater May 17. 1617. in the 5th Year of James I. being the Son and Heir of Thomas Egerton Lord Chancellor of England who was created Baron of Ellesmere in 1603 and Viscount Brackley in 1616. Bridport a Market-Town in Dorsetshire The Capital of its Hundred 2 Miles from the Sea to which it had formerly a very good Haven This Town was famous in the time of K. Edward the Confessour It sends 2 Burgesses to the Parliament Brie a Country part within the Government of the Isle of France and part in the Province of Champagne betwixt the Rivers Seine and Marne Meaux sur Marne is the Capital Town of it It is very fruitful In Latin call'd Bria Brigeium and Brigiensis saltus Brie-Compte-Robert a Town in the Country precedent upon the River Iere four or five Leagues from Paris Brieg Brega a Town upon the Oder in Silesia in Germany betwixt Oppelen and Breslaw The same is the Capital of the Dutchy of Brieg Brienne a small Town in Champagne in France upon the River Aube with the Title of an Earldom near Troyes between Bar-sur-Aube and Planci This Place gives Name to the antient House of Brienne Brighthelmston a Market-Town in Sussex in Lewis-Rape by the Sea Side Brignoville Brinnonia Brinnola a Town and Bailywick in Provence in France near the River Caramie Understood by some to be the Forum Veconii by others the Matavonium of the Antients Charles V. the Emperor took it in 1536. The Leaguers surprized it in 1589. Brille or Briel a Town and Port of Holland in a good Soil but a gross Air at the Confluence of the Rhine and the Meuse in a small Island of this Name It was surprized by the Dutch in 1572. by the help of the Succors obtained from Queen Elizabeth And this Action was as the first Foundation of the Commonwealth of Holland Brin Eburum Arsicua Brinum Brina a City of Moravia seated upon the River Zwitta where it falls into that of Swarta 7 German Miles South of Olmitz This was the only place which in 1645. and 1646. held out for the Emperour against the Swedes in all Moravia when being besieg'd it broke the Swedish Army and forc'd them to rise call'd by some Bruna written Brenne also Brindisi Brundusium is an Archiepiscopal City in the Kingdom of Naples which has a strong Castle and a safe Harbour at the mouth of the Gulph of Venice 36 Miles from Tarento to the East Pompey retired hither after his overthrow in the Year of Rome 705. and was obliged to leave the place again because Caesar pursued him In the Year 735. the incomparable Virgil died here that is about 19 years before the coming of our Saviour It has been several times ruin'd and repair'd Brioude Brivas Vicus Briatensis a great and antient Town in the Province of Auvergne in France upon the Allier The Emperour Avitus was buried in the Church of S. Julianus here The Chapter takes the Title of Earls of Brioude being in the first institution Knights Confederated to make War against the Normans in the Year 898. § 2 Leagues from this place stands Brioude la Vieille upon the same River where there is a Bridge to cover it compos'd of one Arch so extraordinary long and high as scarce to have its parallel in Europe Briqueras or Briquerasco Briquerascum a considerable Town in the Principality of Piedmont 4 or 5 Leagues from Pignerol with a Castle Taken by the Sieur de Lesdiguieres in 1592. and retaken by Charles Emanuel Duke of Savoy in 1594. Also famous in the Wars of Piedmont in the years 1629. 30. and 31. Brisach Brisacus Mons a City with a very strong Castle in the Territory of Brisgow in Alsatia with a Stone Bridge upon the Rhine 6 German Miles from Basil to the North and 7 from Strasburg and a from Colmar It was a Free Imperial City till 1330. when it was exempted and given to the House of Austria call'd therefore the Key of Germany the Cittadel of Alsatia and the Pillow on which the House of Austria slept with security In 1633. Gustavus Horne a Swede besieg'd it vain but in 1638. it was taken by the French under the command of the Duke of Weimar who are still in Possession of it their Title being confirm'd by the Treaty of Westphalia or Munster in 1648. and afterwards by the Treaty of the Pirenees in 1659. Brisag or Brisiaco a Town under the Grisons upon the Lake Majour in Italy between Locarna Canobia and Domo Brisgow Brisgovia is a Province of Germany lying on the East of the Rhine and the West of Wirtenburg and on the South clos'd with the Canton of Basil The principal place is Friburg This Province is in part under the House of Austria and in part under the French Brisach which was once its Capital being under the latter but the greatest part under the former The Prince of Conde obtain'd a Victory here in 1644. when General Merci was kill'd Brissach a Town in the Province of Anjou in France upon the River Aubance below Saumur It gives the Title of a Duke Bristoll Bristolium Venta Belgarum Venta Silurum is a noble City in the County of Somerset upon the River Avon which runs through the midst of it and so part of it stands in Glocestershire but then it is a County of itself and belongs to neither of them It is a neat strong clean populous rich well traded City and after London and York the Third principal Place of England the Inhabitants of this City Trading
given of it by Monsieur Thevenot who saw it himself Famous moreover to all posterity for the Children of Israel's passing it on dry ground at their entrance into Canaan and the Prophet Elijah's doing the same in company with Elisha Our Saviour received Baptism here from the hands of S. John near to which particular place the Christians built a Monastery that is now in ruins The Pilgrims delight to bathe in this River fancying the Water sanative from the virtue of that Sacred Contact It overflows in Summer with the melted Snow from Mount Libanus But in the Winter runs a low Water and after its Current into the Dead Sea it is clear without mixture for above a League together issuing thence by a subterraneous Channel into the Mediterranean Ioyeuse Gaudiosa a Town in France in the Province of Vivarais towards the Borders of Languedoc honoured by being first a Viscounty next a Dutchy and giving Name to a Noble Family Ipepa Hypaepa a City of Lydia in the Lesser Asia between Mount Tmolus and the River Caystro not far from Thyatira It is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Ephesâ—s Ipre See Yperen Iprichia the same with Africa Ips Ipsium and Ibissa a Town in Austria Ipsala Cypsella a City in Thrace by the River Mela at first a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Trajanopoli or Zernis afterwards it became the Metropolis It lies between this City to the West twenty nine Miles and Drusilaba to the North-East twenty six Miles the River in our latter Maps is called Larissa and falls into the Archipelago over against the Isle of Lembro just behind that Peninsula which makes the Dardanels straight Ipswich Gippo-vicus the County Town of Suffolk heretofore called Gippwich seated on the North side of the River Stour upon the foot of a steep Hill in somewhat a low Ground it has a commodious Haven and was heretofore a place of great Trade with many wealthy Merchants in it and a vast number of other people but now decayed as to both It was also formerly fortified with Trenches and Rampires the loss of which is not to be lamented the Town being so seated that it can never be made a place of Defence the Hills on all sides but the South and South-East commanding it It has fourteen Parish Churches and a great many goodly Houses the tokens of its former Wealth In 991. the Danes sacked it and nine years after repeated their Cruelty upon it In the Reign of S. Edward it had eight hundred Burgesses who paid Custom to the King There was also a Castle built here by the Normans which Hugh Bigod Earl of Norfolk defended against the Usurper King Stephen but was forced to surrender at last the ruins are now lost Mr. Cambden supposeth it to have been demolished by Henry II. when he did the same by Waleton Castle not far off Here landed the three thousand Flemings which the Nobility called in against Henry II. when his Son rebelled against him In the late Rebellion this Town stood clear of all those Calamities which involved the rest of the Nation The Bishop of Norwich hath a House here and the Viscount of Hereford another befitting his degree and quality The Honourable Henry Fitz-Roy Duke of Grafton was created Viscount Ipswich Aug. 16. 1672. who died of the Wounds that he received in the Service of King William before Cork Octob. 9. 1690. This Town is also a Corporation and sends two Burgesses to the Parliament It has a Free-School with the convenience of a good Library and a Hospital Cardinal Wolsey was born here and began the building of a stately College which bears his Name to this day Ireland Hibernia Ivernia is a great fruitful and noble Island on the West of Great Britain accounted in ancient time for greatness and glory the third Island of the World and called then the Lesser Britain Orpheus Aristotle and Claudian call it Ierna Juvenal Mela Juverna Diodorus Siculus Iris. Others Jovernia Overnia and Burnia The Natives Erin The Welsh Yuerdon The English Ireland It is three hundred Miles long and two hundred broad on the East it has the tempestuous Irish Sea between it and Great Britain on the West the Vergivian Ocean on the North the Deucalidonian Sea and on the South the British Ocean Divided into four Provinces Leinster Mounster Vlster and Connaught which heretofore sustained the Title of as many Kingdoms comprehending in all thirty Counties four Archbishopricks and twelve Bishopricks The Country is full of Woods Hills and Bogs The Soil rich and fruitful especially as to Grass Pomponius Mela in the times of the Emperour Claudius gives the very same character of it and therefore it has ever abounded in Cattle which is its most Staple Commodity The principal Rivers are the Shannon the Sewer the Barow the Black-Water the Shour the Neure the Boyne the Leffy c. The Capital City heretofore Armagh now Dublin The Air is at all times temperate but too moist to be at all times pleasant or wholsome The Romans in all probability never had any footing in this Island This Nation was converted to Christianity in the fifth Century by Palladius and S. Patrick especially the latter who planted not only Religion but so much Learning too amongst them that in the next Age the Monks of Ireland were eminent for Holiness and Learning and Ireland thence called Insula Sanctorum an Island of Saints In 694. Egfrid King of Northumberland first entered and destroyed this Nation with Fire and Sword after this the Danes for thirty years together wasted and destroyed them After these the Germans After them Edgar the most powerful King of England conquered a great part of Ireland And when by Massacres and other Accidents the Irish were freed from all these Calamities there ensued Domestick Broils among themselves In 1155. Henry II. being called in by the Natives resolved on the Conquest of them whereupon Richard Strongbow Earl of Pembroke began it in 1172. Henry II. in Person entered Ireland and taking upon him the Stile of Sovereign Lord of Ireland the States and all the petty Kings submitted to him and passed over all their Rule and Power which was confirmed by Pope Hadrian The Kings of England continued the Title of Lords of Ireland till the Reign of Henry VIII who took first upon him the Stile and Title of King of Ireland in 1541. which was confirmed to Mary his Daughter by Pope Paul IV. in 1555. The Irish have ever looked upon this Conquest as a Wrong and an Usurpation which no Act of theirs nor Time it self could make valid Hence when ever England has been imbroiled they have taken the opportunity of Revolting In the Reign of Edward I. when that Prince was engaged against the Scots one Donald O-Neal stiled himself King of Ulster and in Right of Inheritance the undoubted Heir of all Ireland But when in the Reign of Henry VIII the pretence of Religion was added first the Earl of Kildare rebelled
the Hundred of Finsbury of which the Earl of Warwick bears the Title of Baron Kent Cantium is the most South-Eastern County of England on the North it is bounded by the Thames which parts it from Essex on the East and South it has the British Sea in part on the North and on the West it has Sussex and Surrey It is in length from East to West fifty Miles and from South to North twenty six Divided into five Lathes Sutton Aylesford Soray St. Augustine and Shepway wherein are four hundred and eight Parishes and thirty Market Towns That part which lieth towards the Thames is healthful but not fruitful the middle parts are both the Southern are very fruitful but not healthful The Thames the Medway the Stower the Tun and the Rother besides lesser Streams water it Some give this Character of it The Weald for Wood East Kent for Corn Rumney for Meadow Tenham for an Orchard Shepey and Reculver for Wheat Thanet for Barley and Hedcorn for Capons This Country was first conquered by Julius Caesar though not without Resistance in the years of Rome 696. and 698. fifty three years before the Birth of our Saviour being forced to a double Expedition against almost this single County As he began the Conquest of Britain here so did the Saxons Hengist erecting the Kingdom of Kent in the year of Christ 456. seven years after the first arrival of the Saxons Against the Danes the Kentish men did also great things and with much Courage and Patience repelled those Barbarous People When William the Conquerour had subdued all the rest of the Nation he was glad to come to a Composition with the Inhabitants of this County and to grant them their ancient Liberties and Customs Whence the Laws of Gavelkind obtain here to this day This County was also the first that imbraced the Christian Religion from Augustine the Monk in the year 568. Accordingly Canterbury is justly the Metropolis of the whole Kingdom of England as having been the first Fountain from whence the Christian Religion spread it self amongst the Saxons for as for the British or Welsh they had imbraced Christianity long before VVilliam the Conquerour in 1067. created Odo Bishop of Bajeux his half Brother Lord Chief Justice and Lord Treasurer of England Earl of Kent In 1465. Edward IV. created Edmund Grey Lord Ruthyn Lord Treasurer of England which Family still injoys this Honour Anthony II. the present Earl of Kent being the eleventh in this Succession Besides the Sea of Canterbury this County injoys a second Bishoprick which is Rochester and a great many populous rich Towns fafe Roads large and secure Harbours for Ships and whatever else is desirable in Human Life except a more serene Air. Kerci or Chierche Cercum a small Town at the Mouth of the Streights of Caffa upon the Euxine Sea belonging to the Precopensian Tartars Kerez See Keureuz Keriog a River in Shropshire which falls into the Dee above Bangor Kerka or Karka Titius a River of Dalmatia which washeth Sardona and Sebenico then falls into the Adriatick Sea eight German Miles North of Spalatro Kermen Germia a considerable City at this day in Thrace seated not far from Adrianople the Turks have here a Sangiack Kerry a County in the Province of Munster on the Vergivian or Western Ocean between the County of Clare to the North and the County of Cork to the South and East the Capital of which is Ardart Keschidag Olympius a Mountain of Misia in the Lesser Asia Kesmarckt or Keysermarkt Caesaropolis a Town of the Vpper Hungary at the foot of the Carpathian Mountains towards the Frontiers of the Kingdom of Poland Keswick a Market Town in the County of Cumberland in the Hundred of Allerdale near to which Black Lead is digged up in plenty It standeth in a Valley environed with Hills and has been formerly a famous Town for Copper Mines Kesâ—el or Cassel Castellum Menapiorum a Town in Brabant two Leagues beneath Roermond to the North between the Maes to the East and the Peel to the West seated upon the River Neerse which a little lower falls into the Maes Kettering a Market Town in Northamptonshire in the Hundred of Huxton upon a Rivulet which falls into the Nen delightfully seated on an Ascent It has a Sessions-House for the Justices of Peace of the County Keureuz Keres Krais Chrysius Cusus a River of Transylvania and the Vpper Hungary which ariseth in the Western Borders of Transylvania near Feltat and watering Giula a little above receiveth another Branch called by the same Name which passeth by Great Waradin both which Rivers being united fall into the Tibiscus or Tyesse at Czongrodt above Segedin One of these is called by the Germans Fekykeres which goes to Giula the other Sebeskeres Feky signifying White and Sebes Black Kexholm Kexholmia a Province of the Kingdom of Sweden in Finland which was heretofore under the Russ but conquered by the Swedes in 1617. It is the most South-Eastern part of Finland The Capital of this Province is Kexholm seated upon the Banks of the River Voxen near to the Western Shoar of the Lake of Ladoga which together with the Castle which is very strong was taken by Monsieur Pont de la Gardie a French Gentleman from the Russ in 1580. The year following this Gentleman took Narva and several other strong places for the Swedes from the Moscovites and was at last drowned in the River of Narva Keyserstul Forum Tiberii a small Town in Switzerland upon the Rhine over which it has a Bridge It lies in the County of Baden nine German Miles from Basil to the West and Constance to the East and belongs to the Bishop of Constance but is subject to the Canton of Zurick Kidwelly a Market Town in Caermarthenshire in VVales The Capital of its Hundred Khoemus Margiana a Province of the Kingdom of Persia See Margiana Kherman Kermoen Kermon or Kirman Carmania or Caramania a Province of the Kingdom of Persia with a City of the same Name Kiburgh a Castle in the Canton of Zurich upon the River Toss two Miles from Zurich to the East the Earls of which were heretofore of great Name This Castle was purchased by them of Zurich in 1452. Kiel or Kil Chilonium a City in the Dukedom of Holstein under the Duke of Holstein upon the Mouth of the River Swentin having a convenient Port upon the Baltick Sea much frequented by Merchants Ships there belongs to it a Castle seated on a Hill and an University opened here in 1665. The Convention of the States of Holstein are usually held here This City stands nine German Miles from Lubeck to the North ten from Flensborg to the South and tho very well fortified has of late suffered very much from the Swedes Kiengara See Gangra Kienning a great City of the Province of Fokien in China and the Capital of a Territory of its own Name commanding six other Cities It is adorned with a magnificent Pagod or
by the Arabs Hamammetha In the Year 394. a Council was held here the Canons whereof are confused amongst the Body of the Canons of the African Church Long. 36. 40. Lat. 32. 40. Majaquana one of the Luccaye Islands belonging to North America between Hispaniola to the South and Samana to the North. Maida a Principality in the further Calabria in the Kingdom of Naples near Nicastro Maidenhead a Market Town in Berkshire in the Hundred of Bray Maidstone Madus Vagniacae is a fair sweet populous Town in the County of Kent in Aylesford Lath upon the River Medway near its head from which it has this name There is a fair Stone Bridge built by the Archbishops of Canterbury over this River Edward VI. Incorporated this Town and granted it a Mayor which was taken from them in Queen Maries time for favouring Wyat's Rebellion in 1554. But Queen Elizabeth restored them to their former State In ancient times their chief Magistrate was called a Portgreve from Grave an old German word still used by the Germans in Markgrave Reingrave and Landtgrave Charles I. added another Honor to this Place when in 1628. he created Elizabeth Finch Grandmother to the late Heneage Finch Earl of Winchelsey late Lord Chancellor of England Viscountess of Maidstone and Countess of Winchelsey with an Entail upon her Heir Males which Honors are now possessed by Heneage Her Grandchild the Second of this Family Heneage late Earl of Nottingham and Lord Chancellor of England was another of Her Posterity This is the Town where the Assizes and Sessions are kept with which honour it has that of the Election of two Members of the House of Commons Maienne See Mayenne Majella Nicates a Mountain in Abruzzo a Province of the Kingdom of Naples near the River Pescara Aternus as Holstenius affirms Maillezais or Mallezais Malleaca Malleacum a small City in Poictou in France seated in a Morass made by the Rivers Seure Niortoise which falls into the Bay of Aquitain and the Hautize The ancient Earls of Poictou and Dukes of Guyenne chose it for their Residence and Founded in it an Abbey about the Year 1030. which by P. John XXII in 1317. was changed into a Bishops See but being little inhabited by reason of the badness of the Air the Bishoprick was suppressed in 1649. and the City of Rochell substituted in its place by Pope Innocent X. It stands nine Leagues from Rochell to the North-East and five from Niore to the South Long. 19. 36. Lat. 46. 21. according to the last Maps Mailly a Seigniory near Amiens in Picardy giving name to an honorable Family of that Province Maina or Maines or Braccio di Maina a City on the South of the Morea supposed to have been the ancient Leuctra or Tenarus in Laconia on the East side of the Gulph of Coron North of Cape Matapan the most South Cape of the Morea The Inhabitants are called the Mainotes and have in this present War contributed very much to the driving the Turks out of the Morea by serving in great numbers under the Venetians against them It is said it was a Common-wealth before but Coronelli in his late description of the Morea assures us it was a Fort built by the Turks upon the Ruins of Cersapolis to keep these Mainotes under who being impatient of the Turkish Slavery and extremely Warlike had betaken themselves to the Rocks and Forests and would pay no Tribute to the Turks thereupon the Turks began to build the Fort of Maina but Querini Captain of the Gulph for the Venetians in 1570. understanding their design Landed and by the help of the Mainotes took this Fort and ruined it entirely by which means the Mainotes were preserved and obliged to the Service of this State Main Amber a noted strong Rock nigh to Mounts Bay in the County of Cornwall mounted upon others of a lesser size with so equal a ponderation that it may be stirred 't is said yet not moved out of its place Maine le Maine Cenomanensis Provincia is a great and fruitful Province in France the old Inhabitants of which were the Cenomani Aulerci its greatest extent is from East to West on the North it is bounded by Normandy on the West by Bretagne This part is called the Lower Maine on the South by Anjou and on the East by Le Perche This the Vpper Maine and of the two the most fruitful and pleasant The Rivers Huisne Sarte and Mayenne water it The Principal City in it is Mans the next Mayenne Charles the second Son of Francis Duke of Guise being made Duke of Maine and after that General of the League against Henry III. and IV. of France made this Province frequently mentioned in the Histories of France of those times The Common Proverb of the People of this Province is Qu' un Manceau vaut un Norman demy One Man of Maine is worth one Norman and the half of another Main Land Pomona the Principal of the Isles of Orkney which is twenty two English Miles long and has a Town called Kirkwall on the Northern Shoar for its Capital its greatest extent is from East to West and its greatest breadth about ten Miles The Mainotes See Maina Maintez Meintez See Mentz Majorca or Mallorca Balearium insulae Palma Majorca an Island in the Mediterranean Sea on the Eastern Coast of Spain over against the Kingdom of Valencia at the distance of about sixty Miles between Minorca to the East and Yvica to the West which three Islands constituted the Kingdom of Majorca so called from this the greatest of them It s Circuit is near one hundred and ten Miles the Principal City is Mallorca Palma or Majorca which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Tarragona and a flourishing University in which Raymundus Lullius taught and his tenets are now ex instituto maintained It is great strong and has a Haven belonging to it on the Western shoar of the Island Long. 24. 40. Lat. 40. 00. The Maps place it in Lat. 38. 26. The Inhabitants of this Island were of old famous Archers from whence they were called Baleares at first they went naked being subdued by the Carthaginians Anno Mundi 3500. they became more civilized and served in the Carthaginian Wars against the Romans till together with Spain they fell under that Republick in the Year of Rome 630. 521 Years before the Birth of our Saviour The Moors were their next Masters who crossing out of Africa took Possession of them about the same time they Conquered Spain Raymund Earl of Barcelone by the assistance of the Genouese expelled the Moors in 1102 but the Genouese as if they had repented this good Deed restored them again In 1228. they were finally ex elled by James King of Arragon This Prince in 1230. made James his Son King of Majorca whose Posterity enjoyed this Kingdom till 1341. when James III. the fourth King of Majorca was slain in Battel by Pedro IV. King of Arragon and ever since
demolished by the English It has a Collegiate Church § There is another Meun in the same Province upon the River Inde betwixt Chateau-roux and Bruzancais § And a Third in the Province of Orleanois under the right side of the Loyre betwixt the City Orleans and Baugency Adorned with a Collegiate Church and taken heretofore by the Victorious English under the Earl of Salisbury In Latin Magdunum Meurs Meursia a small City of the Dukedom of Cleves though seated in the Bishoprick of Cologn which is an Earldom and belongs together with its Territory to the Prince of Orange by the gift of the last Countess in 1600. Yet the Duke of Brandenburgh lays claim to it as Duke of Cleves It lies two Miles from Rhineburgh to the South one from the Rhine to the West about ten from Cologn to the North-West and seven from Cleves to the South-West Meurtre Mourtre Murta Morta a River of Lorrain it ariseth from Mount Vauge and watering Nancy falls into the Moselle three Leagues above Pont Mouson Meuse Mosa the same with the Maes Mexico Mexicum a vast City in the North America the Capital of New Spain and of a Province of the same name in that Kingdom the Seat of the Spanish Viceroy of the West-â—naâ—es and an Archbishop's See This City stands upon the North side of a Lake of the same name in a most pleasant fruitful and large Plain and in great part surrounded with the Lake The Inhabitants pretend it was built in 1322. The Spaniards by the current and thread of their Story say it was built in 902. It was many Ages since the Royal Seat of the Kings of Mexico had then a great and splendid Palace called in their Tongue the Tepac but burnt together with the City when it was taken by the Spaniards in 1521. by Francis Cortez who rebuilt the City and made it the Capital of his Conquests Its Streets are great streight and beautiful its Churches magnificent its publick Buildings noble It has an Aquaduct three Miles long and many Monasteries John de Turre Cremata our Countryman Mr. Gage and some others have given large accounts of this noble City which is the greatest in America It has no Walls Forts Bastions nor any Cannon or Defence whatsoever beside what the number of its Inhabitants afford which is a part of the Spanish Jealousie for fear a Viceroy should set up for himself In 1527. Pope Clement VII made it a Bishop's See In 1547. Paul III. made it an Archbishop's See in which Year Cortez the Conqueror died It was made an University in 1551. by Charles V. As it is seated in a very low ground so it has often suffered very much by Inundations of the Lake particularly Septemb. 21. 1629. forty thousand of its Inhabitants were drowned to prevent this for the future they have with great Charges found out a means to drive part of these Waters other ways There is no way to the City but over three Causways on the North West and South sides the latter of which is the longest Long. 269. 00. Lat. 28. 30. eighty Spanish Leagues from the South Sea and the same distance from the Shores of the Bay of Mexico See Golfo di Mexico There are also two Lakes of Water called by the name of this City one of which is fresh Water seven Leagues long six broad the other is salt Water forty Leagues in compass Meydenburg See Magdeburg Meylandt the German Name for Milan Meyne See Mayn § Also a Mineral Spring much resorted to of late near the City Arles in Provence Mezaal a pretended Island in Aethiopia See Meroë Mezieres Maderiacum Meceria a City of France in Champagne in the Territory of Retelois built upon and almost encompassed with the Maes and very well fortified besides It stands not above half a League from Charleville four beneath Sedan to the West three from the Confines of Luxemburgh and sixteen from Reims to the North-East and hath a Collegiate Church Mezo Amyzon a City of Caria in the Lesser Asia still extant and a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Sancta Croce being seated between Magnesia and Alabanda thirty Miles from Miletus now Melasso and the same distance from the Shoares of the Archipelago to the East Mezuma oppidum novum a City in the Kingdom of Algïer in Africa in the Province of Tenez between Algier and Tremesin Mezzaba a Province in Biledulgerida in Africa with a City of the same name by the great River between Zeb and Tegorarina to the West Mezzovo Pindus Miana Apamia or Apamea a City of Media Long. 79. 50. Lat. 34. 20. Miary a River in Brasil which receives the Ovaro Covo and divers other Rivers then falls into the Ocean near the Island of Maragnan upon the Coast of Brasil Micoli an Island of the Aegean Sea betwixt Nicaria to the East and the Islands Tenon and Andron to the North. One of the Cyclades called by the Antients Mycone and Myconos It produces Wine Cotton Barley and abundance of Game planted with one only Village which pays a yearly Tribute to the Turks Middleburgh Metelli Castrum Middleburgum Metelloburgum a Town in Zealand the Capital of the Isle of Walcheren made a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Vtretcht in 1559. by Pope Paul IV the Collegiate Church in 1561 being converted into a Cathedral and the Revenues of a famous Abbey that was here applied to serve for the use of the Bishoprick It is great rich populous extremely well fortified and has been under the Vnited Provinces ever since 1574 in which it was taken by their Forces from the Spaniards The Abbey is now the Town-house § There is a Town in Flanders under the Vnited Provinces two German Miles from Bruges to the North and an Island in the East-Indies both called by the same name Middlefart a Town in the Island of Fuynen in the Baltick Sea giving name to the Channel Middelfart or Middle-Passage betwixt this Island and Jutland Middlesex Middlesexia Trinobantes is bounded on the North by Hartfordshire on the West by Buckingham separated by the River Colne on the South by Surrey cut off by the Thames and on the East by Essex divided from it by the Lea. It is nineteen English Miles in length and sixteen in breadth one of the least Counties in England but its Fertility and nearness to London abundantly recompenseth this want of Extent The ancient British Inhabitants were the Trinobantes afterwards it was a part of the Kingdom of the East-Saxons White-hall and S. James the Royal Mansions of the Kings of England are both in this County to which may be added Hampton Court their Country House of Pleasure and LONDON the Capital of England is its Head The Honorable Charles Sackville Earl of Dorset is also Earl of Middlesex by a Creation of Feb. 4. 1674. Which Title was first bestowed by K. James I. in 1622. on Lionel Lord Cranfield Lord Treasurer of England whose Son James enjoyed the same and after
Bourbon the King of Navarre being slain before it It fell after this into the Hands of the Leaguers Henry IV. besieged it in 1593. but was prevented from taking it by the Prince of Parma though in the year following it willingly submitted to him after he had imbraced the Roman Catholick Religion The Parliament in this City was instituted by Philip the Fair in 1286. Established by Lewis XII in 1499. and re-established by Francis I. in 1515. Pope Clement VI. was sometime Archbishop of the See Pope Martin IV. and Gregory XI Archdeacons There have been divers provincial Councils here assembled Particularly in 1074. one against the Concubinage of the Clergy Roane or Rovane Rhodumna an ancient Town in France in the Dukedom of Bourbonne and the County of Foretz upon the River Loyre where it becomes first capable to bear a Boat Very great and populous tho not walled It stands twelve Leagues from Lyons to the South-West and eighteen from Moulins The Territory belonging to it is called le Roanez or Roannois and has the Honor of being a Dukedom by the Creation of King Charles IX Rober Erubris a River in Lorain which falls by Trier into the Moselle Robil Robel Rebellio a City or Town in the Dukedom of Mecklenburgh in the Lower Saxony by the Lake of Muritz in the Borders of Brandenburgh two German Miles from Var and seven from Gustro Robogh a Village in the County of Tyron upon the Sea Shoar against Scotland in the Province of Vlster which has preserved the memory of the Rhobogdii an old Irish Clan that possessed the Counties of Antrim Colran and Tyrone in this Province from whom that Cape now called the Fair Foreland by the English was then called Rhobodium being in the County of Antrim scarce fifteen Miles South of the nearest Shoar of Scotland Rocca Nova a Town in the Terra di Otranto in the Kingdom of Naples honoured with the Title of a Dukedom Rocca Romana a Town in the Terra di Lavoro in the Kingdom of Naples near Alifa honored with the Title of a Principality Rochdale a Market Town in Lancashire in the Hundred of Salford upon the River Roche in a Dale or Vale which together compound its name La Roche Rupes a Town in the Territory of Genevois in Savoy five or six Leagues from Geneva little less from Anneci and one from the River Arve at the foot of the Mountains It hath a Collegiate Church and two Religious Houses Roche-chouart a Seigniory in the Province of Poictou towards the Borders of Angoumois giving name to a Family of Honour La Roche-En-Ardenne a fortified Town in the Dukedom of Luxemburgh in the Low Countries upon the River Vrt twelve Leagues from Luxemburgh and nine from Liege Honour'd with the Title of an Earldom Rochefort a Town and Port at the Mouth of the Charante in the Pais d'Aunis in France Heretofore no more than a Village but now become a Magazine enlarged with divers Buildings and more daily La Roche-sur-Yon Rupes ad Yonem a Town in the Lower Poictou in France towards Lusson upon the River Yon which after joyns with the Lay. Honoured some Ages since with the Title of a Principality which is enjoyed by the House of Bourbon Rochelle Portus Santonum Rupella Rupella Santonum Rupella a City and famous Port of France upon the Bay of Aquitain the Capital of le Pais d'Aunis and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Bourdeaux Seven Leagues from Brouges to the North two from the Isle of Re and thirty from the Mouth of the Loyre to the South-East It takes its name from the Rock on which it stands supposed to be built about the Sixth Century because not mentioned before against the Incursions of the Normans At first it had Princes of its own After this it was under the English from the times of Henry II. who possessed it as Duke of Anjou And that Prince granted this City its first Charter and Privileges which were confirmed by Richard and John his Sons King John Landed here in 1206. when he went to the Siege of Mountauban and after in 1213. In 1224. it was taken from the English by Lewis VIII King of France but recovered the next year and continued under the English till 1453. And then finally taken by Charles VII In the beginning of the Civil Wars of France this Town fell under the power of the Hugonots who very much improved its Fortifications It was their principal place of refuge under Charles IX After the Massacre of Paris it was besieged by all the Forces of France defended it self to a wonder and at last forced that Prince to a Peace in 1573. It continued after this in their hands till 1628. and then was taken by Hunger in order to which the Ocean was bridled with a prodigious Bank begun in 1627. and carried the length of 747. toises the English having twice unsuccessfully attempted to relieve it After the taking of it Lewis XIII King of France visited it in person re-established the Roman Catholick Religion destroy'd its Fortifications saving two Towers built heretofore by Charles the Fifth for the Defence of the Port and took away its former Privileges In 1649. it first became a Bishoprick the Chair being removed hither from Mallezais a small Place in Poictou by Pope Innocent X. at the request of Lewis XIV Long. 19. 25. Lat. 45. 56. Rochester Rossa Durobius Dorobrevis Rutupiae a City in the County of Kent and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Canterbury upon the Medway over which it has a stately Stone Bridge one of the fairest in England five Miles from the Thames twenty five from Canterbury to the East and London to the West This was a Roman Town or rather Castle as William of Malmsbury stiles it much enlarged to the East West and South In 676. it was ruined by Aetheldred King of the Mercians and after this several times by the Danes Aethelbert King of Kent erected here a sumptuous Church and caused one Justus to be made the first Bishop of it in 604. Gundulphus the Norman about 1080. rebuilt this Church and brought in Monks which are since changed into a Dean and six Prebendaries It has a Castle built by William the Conqueror which in the Reign of William Rufus and twice after in the Barons Wars has been besieged Dr. Sprat the present Bishop is the eighty third of this Diocese Charles II. added an Honor to this Place when he created Henry Viscount Wilmot of Athlone in Ireland Baron of Alderbury in the County of Oxon and Earl of Rochester December 13. 1652. Whose Son John Wilmot succeeded him in 1659. Which Family failing Laurence Hide second Son to Sir Edward Hide Earl of Clarendon and Lord Chancellor of England was by the same Prince created Earl of Rochester November 29. 1682. But before these it gave the Title of Viscount to Sir Robert Carr created Anno 1611. by K. James I. Viscount Rochester and afterwards Earl
this County Angola a Kingdom in Africa upon the South of the Kingdom of Congo Angote a City and Kingdom in the Upper Aethiopia Angoulesme Engolisma is an Episcopal City in Aquitaine in France under the Archbishop of Bourdeaux it stands upon the River Charme which falls into the Ocean right over against the Island of Orleron There is belonging to it also a Dukedom which is bounded upon the North with Poictou upon the East with Limosin upon the South with Pericort and upon the West with Xantogn This Dukedom is call'd by the name of Angoumois Angra the chief City of the Island of Tercera and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Lisbon Anguien Enguien Angia a small City in Hainault between Mons and Brussels It has the Honor to give the Title of a Baron to the Princes of the House of Bourbon Anguilla is one of the Caribby Islands planted by the English it lies in 18 deg 21 min. Nor. Lat. and 330 of Longit. in length about 10 Leagues in breadth 3. formerly call'd Snake Island from its shape The Tobacco of this Island is well esteemed Anguillara a Town and Lake in the Padouan in the States of Venice § Also a Town in the States of the Church upon the Lake of Bracciano Anhalt a City almost ruin'd and a Principality but little considerable in the Upper Saxony in Germany watered by the River Sala The House of Anhalt has possessed the Electorates of Brandenburgh and Saxony for several Ages Anian a Streight supposed to be between Asia and America but could never yet be discovered where or whether there be any such Passage or no It is thought to lie North of China and Japan and to disjoyn the Eastern part of Asia from the Western part of America Anianâ—u a City in the Province of Chuqnami in China Aniava Aniwa a Promontory discovered by the Hollanders in the Terra de Jesso to the North of Japan Anigre Anigrus a River of the Morea Animacha a River arising in the Kingdom of Callecutt in the East-Indies which falls into the Ocean six Leagues off Cranagor giving its Name to a Town in its way Anjou Andegavia is one of the noblest Dukedoms of France bounded on the East with La Beausse on the West with Britain and part of Poictou on the South in part by Berry and in part by Poictou in which Circumference are included Anjou Tourein and Maine This Country is for the most part very fruitful and pleasant especially in Tourein and along the Loire Anjou properly so call'd is seated between Tourein and Maine and was so call'd from the Andegavi the old Inhabitants of it Henry II. King of England was Earl of Anjou by Inheritance from his Father as he was K. of England by Maud his Mother Daughter to Henry I. King John his Son lost it and ever since it has been annexed to the Crown of France or given to the younger Sons of that Royal Family Anna. See Ana. The Name also of a Town upon the River Astan in Arabia deserta Annaberg a City of Misnia in Germany upon the River Schop near Marienberg Annacious Annacieugi a People of Brasil in America towards Porto Seguro Annagh a Town in the County of Cavan in Vlster in Ireland § Another in the County of Down Anneci Annecium a neat City in Savoy with a Castle It is the Capital of the Dukedom of Geneva seated upon a Lake of the same name where the River Tioud issueth out of the Lake at the foot of the Mountain Saymenoz heretofore greater but now it is little and not well inhabited tho the See of the Bishops of Geneva has been translated thither above 100 years In this place resteth the Body of S. Francis de Sales who was Bishop and Prince of Geneva near the time of the Reformation of Calvâ—â— This City is 6 Leagues from Geneva South Annibi a Lake of North Tartary in Asia where there are Mountains of the same name Annobon an Island upon the Coast of Guiney 10 Leagues in circuit towards the Isle of S. Thomas The Portuguese gave it that name because they discovered it upon a New-Years Day Annonay Annonaeum Annoniacum a City with the Title of a Marquisate in the Province of Vivarets in France upon the River Deume Anone Anonium or Roque de Non a Town in the Milanese in Italy upon the River Tanaâ—â— almost ruin'd Anossi Carcanossi Androbeizaba a Province of the Isle of Madagascar There are some Colonies of French in it Anot a small City of Provence in France Anoth one of the Scilly Islands Anpadore Cataractus a River of Candia Ansa a River in the Province of Friuli in Italy It passes by Aqueleia to the Adriatique Ocean Anse a small City in the Province of Lyennois in France 4 Leagues from Lyons Made a Roman Garrison in the time of Augustus who gave it the name of Antium Ansene Angria a small City in Aegypt 20 Leagues from Cairo near the Nile Ansianactes a People of the Western part of the Isle of Madagascar Ansiquains Ansicani a People of Abyssinia commended for their Fidelity and Honesty Anslo or Opslo Anslooa a City of the Province of Aggerhuys in Norway with a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Drontheim seated upon a Bay of the same name 35 Miles from the Baltick Sea Northward it has a Castle near it call'd Aggerhuslo This City was miserably ruin'd by Fire in the Reign of Christian IV. who rebuilt it in Anno 1614. and call'd it Christianstad from his own Name In this City were celebrated the Nuptials of James I. King of England with the Lady Ann Daughter of Frederick II. King of Denmark Novemb 23. 1589. It stands 56 German Miles from Stockholme Weâ—t Anspach See Onspach Antavares a People on the South part of the Isle of Madagascar The French had settled themselves amongst them and were afterwards Massacred by them Ante Anta a River in Normandy which washeth the Town of Failaise and 3 Leagues lower falls into the Dive which last falls into the British Sea 4 Leagues East of Caen. Ante Anta a small Town and Port in Guiny in Africa 3 Leagues from the Cape of Three Heads East Antego one of the Caribby Islands plac'd in 16 d. 11. â— of Northern Lat. and 339 of Long. inhabited by the English for some years and is about 6 or 7 Leagues in length and breadth difficult of Access and not much stor'd with Springs which the Inhabitants supply by Ponds and Cisterns Antequera a small ill built City of New Spain in America 80 Leagues from Mexico which in 1535. was made a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Mexico by Pope Paul III. § Also a small Town in the Kingdom of Granada in Old Spain Antessa Antissa an antient City in the Island of Lesbos which was heretofore a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Mitylene Ovid speaks of it as also the antient Geographers under the notion of its being it self an Island in
Gates of Geneva Gold is found amongst its Sands Arundale Aruntina Vallis a Corporation in Sussex upon the River Arun in which there is a Castle a stately place strong by Art and Nature The Name State and Dignity of Earl belongs to whoever is possessed of this Mannor and Castle without any other Consideration or Creation to be an Earl as Mr Camden acquaints us out of the Parliament Rolls of the 11. H. VI. This Castle stands 9 Miles East of Chichester and the Fee is in the Hands of the most Noble Henry Duke of Norfolk Earl Marshal of England by Inheritance granted by Charles II. in 1672. to the Father of this present Duke who is the Eldest Duke Earl and Baron in England and the first Protestant of this Noble and Illustrious Branch The marmora Arundeliana have made this name universally known amongst the Ingenious of all parts The Corporation sends Two Burgesses to the Parliament Arzilla Zilia Azella a maritime Town in the Province of Hasbata in the Kingdom of Fez upon the Atlantique Ocean well fortified Alphonsus V. King of Portugal surnamed Africanus took it in 1471. The King of Fez besieged it in 1508. without Victory Afterwards the Portuguese abandon'd it Arzeron Aziris a City of Armenia upon the Euphrates the Turkish Viceroy of which has under him 17 subordinate Governors Asasi a Town in the Kingdom of Marocco Asaph Elâ—â—a Asaphopolis a Town and Bishops See in Flintshire in Wales this Bishoprick was erected by Kentigern Bishop of Glascow in Scotland in the year 560. He returning afterwards into Scotland made Asaph a holy Man Bishop of this place from whom it has its Name There is in this Diocese 128 Parishes The Town is mean as well as the Church and it stands upon the River Cluyd about three Miles from the Sea and sixteen from Chester Lat. 53. 22. Long. 3. 17. Asborn a Market Town in Darbyshire in the Hundred of Wirksworth Ascalon was heretofore a City of Judaea in the Tribe of Dan upon the Sea Coast and one of the strongest holds of the Philistines Baldwin I. King of Jerusalem took it from the Saracens about the year 1153. It was made a Bishops See but so destroyed since that not above 50 Families now dwell in it who are Moors and Turks Ascania an antient Town in the Principality of Anhalt in Germany betwixt Magdebourg and Northuhausen it gives the Title of a Count. Aschaffenbourg Asciburgum a City in Germany in the Diocese of Mentz but in the Limits of Franconia and therefore by some ascribed to that Province Heretofore an Imperial or Hans-Town but afterwards exempted it is divided into two parts by the River Mayn which falls into Rhine at Mentz There is in it a stately Palace built of square Stone called Johansburg where the Elector of Mentz often resides This Town is distant from Frankford 6 Miles Eastward Aschen a Castle in Bavaria Aschersleben Ascania an old Town in the Diocese of Halberstad in the Principality of Anhalt in Germany whence the House of Anhalt receives the Name of principes Ascanii almost ruined Ascherne Aschenten Askarna a Town in the County of Limerick in Munster in Ireland upon a River of the Name Ascoli di Satriano Asculum Apulum a small decaying City an Episcopal See under the Archbishop of Benevento in the Kingdom of Naples in the County called the Principate at the foot of the Apennine 35 Miles East from Benevento This City is built on a Hill a former which stood near it having been ruin'd in the year 1399. by a dreadful Earthquake this was built in the year 1410. by the Inhabitants of the other Ascoli upon the River Tronto a City in the Marcha Anconitana in Italy with an Episcopal See immediately under the Pope The Birthplace of Pope Nicholas IV. as formerly of Betutius Barrus an Orator mentioned by Cicero In 1557. the French and Spaniards had a Battle near this place The antient Inhabitants were the first that confederated against the Romans in the Marsick War Sometime after that it was almost ruined but rebuilt and fell to be one of the first Temporal Demains of the Pope Ascot a Mannor in the County of Buckingham which has long belonged to the Loyal Family of the Dormers Earls of Carnarvan and Viscounts of Ascot who were advanced to this Honor Aug. 2. 1628. by Charles I. for whom Robert the first Earl died fighting in the Battle of Newberry in 1643. Asebin Nisivis See Nisbin Asgar a Province in the Kingdom of Fez in Africa to the West between the Provinces of Fez and Habat It s principal Towns are Arasch and Alcasar-Quivir Ashby de la Zouch a Market-Town and Barony in Leicestershire which saith Camden is now in the Earls of Huntington one of which Family Sir William Hastings procured the Town the Privilege of a Fair in the Reign of Henry VI. It stands in the North-West Corner of the County about eleven Miles North-East from Eaton Ash-burtun a Corporation seated upon the River Dart in Devonshire which sends two Burgesses to the Parliament it stands about 17 Miles from Exeter to the South-West and 5 Miles from Newton Ashdale a Place in Scotland of which the late Duke of Monmouth was Baron Ashdod Azotus a City in the Holy Land which was one of the Principalities of the Philistines in S. Jerom's time it was a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Caesarea now a Village called Alzete by the Turks See Azotus Ashford a Market-Town in Kent upon the River Stower in Scray-Lath Ashkrig a Market-Town in Yorkshire in the North-riding and the Hundred of Hang West A S I A the first of the Four parts of the World the Mother and for a long time the Nurse and Mistress of Mankind for here in this Man was created and after the Deluge this was the Place God chose to give Mankind a second Beginning in the 2 first of the General Monarchies viz. the Assyrian and Persian were in this part and to it chiefly was the Church confined till our blessed Saviour came It is washed on three sides by the vast Ocean which on the East is called the Eastern or Pacifick Ocean on the North the Tartarian Ocean or Mar del Norte on the West the Aethiopian Ocean and the Red Sea and it is divided from Europe by the Mediterranean and Black Sea with the Rivers of Tanais Don or Tana Rha and Obb. It is only parted from Europe by the space of 300 German Miles more or less by these Rivers connected to Africa by a Neck of Land of about 30 Miles and whether the North-East part of it is not united with the North-West part of America could never yet be discovered tho probably there is a streight or narrow Sea between them so that lying in the midst of the other three it was the fittest place to be made the Cradle of Mankind from whence the other were all to be peopled It lies in length from the Hellespont to Malacca the utmost Eastern
Aquisgrane this and the Territory belonging to it was yielded to them but by the Treaty of Nimeguen in 1679. it returned under the Spanish Dominion In this place in 1357. there was a League concluded between Venceslaus Duke of Brabant and Lewis Earl of Flanders Athens Athenae one of the most antient and most noble Cities of Greece the Capital of Attica Built by Cecrops an Aegyptian A. M. 2350. according to Helvicus in 2390. the last of which Accounts precedes the going up of the Children of Israel out of Egypt 64 years It was governed by Kings to the Death of Codrus A. M. 2882. under Archons for Life till 3190. after which it had Archons for ten years till the year of the World 3268. when it became a perfect Republick and had never more any rest or peace till it fell into the hands of the Kings of Macedonia first and afterwards of the Romans About 3430. Xerxes invading Greece the Athenians burnt their own City and sent their Wives and Children into the Islands of the Mediterranean prevailing afterwards against that great Prince they built the City much more gloriously than before The Reputation they gain'd in this War made them great at home amongst their Neighbors till growing proud and injurious their Neighbors became their Enemies so that they fell into the Hands of the Lacedemonians who ruin'd their Walls A. M. 3546. They recovered their Liberty but not their Reputation and in 3613. they fell into the hands of Philip the Father of Alexander the Great who by being made the General of a Holy War became the the Sovereign of all Greece The Romans conquering Perseus the last King of Macedonia A. M. 3782. they became in some sort the Subjects of that Empire yet under the Romans they had a shadow of Liberty till the Mithridatick War when being over-persuaded by Aristion an Epicurean Philosopher they incensed the Roman Powers against them and Sylla in the year of the World 3863. 86 years before the Birth of our Saviour by a Siege reduced them to the necessity of eating Man's Flesh and took the City by storm in the Night This was the Evening of all their Dominion Glory and Liberty But in this Interval between their becoming a free and a subject People they raised themselves to a greater degree of Glory by Learning than ever they could have required by Arms without it Solon who lived a little before the Babylonian Captivity and became the Athenian Legislator about the 3359th year of the World laid the Foundations of this which Socrates Plato Aristotle Xenophon Thucydides Demosthenes Isocrates and the rest that followed raised to such an height that Athens was truly more the Mistress of the World on the account of Arts than ever Rome was on the score of her Arms and tho both their times are past yet Athens being Dead speaketh still in her Philosophers Orators and Historians To pursue her Fate she rose out of her Ashes after the Syllian Ruin by the favour of the Romans and flourished till Alaricus the Goth laid her in the Dust under the Reign of Valens about the year of Christ 378. She recovered again under Theodosius Arcadius and Justinian Eudocia the Queen of Theodosius II. being an Athenian by Birth as Irene the Lady of Leo IV. also was About 1435. Antonius Comnenus Acciajolus was Duke of Athens about 20 years after she fell the second time into the hands of the Turks being taken by Mahomet II. since which last Captivity not only her Flesh but her Skin is wasted and she is become a Skeliton An. 1687. the Venetians having taken Napoli di Romania in the Morea arrived at Port Lione that is the Harbor of this Town formerly called Pyraeus September 21. with the Fleet commanded by General Morosini the Greeks immediately sent their Deputies with the Tenders of their Submission to him The Turkish Garrison being about 600 Men retired to the Castle to make some resistance but were forced to surrender in two or three days after the Besiegers began to play their Batteries tho the Castle was strong seated upon the old Acropolis with Precipices on three sides of it a Wall on the other and 20 Pieces of Canon within About 300 Souls embraced the Christian Religion with the Christian Government The famous Temple of Minerva being made a Magazine for Amunition was set on fire by a Bomb that fell among the Stores in the Attack Some Remains of Lycurgus's Tower of Phidias and Praxiteles's curious Works are yet to be seen And the Athenians excelling all others throughout those Countries in Merchandise and Crafts may be thought to retain some Seeds of their former Politeness still To this City St. Paul Preached the Gospel of Christ and the Resurrection as we read Act. 17. Publius and Quatratus were Bishops of it under the Emperor Adrian the former suffered Martyrdom in the Year 123 and animated great numbers of Athenians by his death to embrace the like with courage and joy The latter together with Aristides presented that Emperour at his coming hither in the Year 126 with an excellent Apology for Christianity Since advanced to an Archbishoprick They reckon about 10000 Inhabitants most Christians in it who have â—oo Churches and divers other Chappels according to the Rites and Customs of the Graecians Now call'd Setino lying in Long. 50. 12. Lat. 38. 51. Athenree or Atherit a City and Barony in the County of Galloway in the Province of Connaught in Ireland More rich and more considerable formerly than now Atherston a Market-Town in Warwick-shire near the River Anker in the Hundred of Hemlingford Athlone Athlona Atlonâ—a is a small Town in the County of Rosecomen in the Province of Connaught in Ireland in the Confines of Leinster seated upon the River Shannon where it comes out of the Lake of Lough Ree 16 Irish Miles from Longford South This Place was the Refuge of the Rebels in the Irish Rebellion who fled thither from Kilkenny in 1650. being pressed upon by other Rebels where they had not much rest the Town being taken by Hewson in 1651. The Strength of it lies in the Castle whither when Douglas with 10 Regiments of Foot and 4 of Horse of the Forces of King William arrived in order to a Siege about the middle of July 1690. the Irish retired burning the Town and breaking the Bridge And at the last he was forced to leave it in their possession But it could not withstand the Army of General Ginckle the year after Athol Atholia is a small County or Earldom in the heart of Scotland between the Mountain Grampus on the West and the Sherifdom of Pertb on the East in which riseth the River Tau the greatest River in all Scotland This County is remarkable for nothing but its Earls which have been great men both in England and Scotland Athos See Agion Oros. Atlantides an antient name given to the People that dwelt about Mount Atlas in Africa Atlas See Aiducal Atri Atria
from Paris to the South near the River Allier This City was erected from a Barony into a Dukedom by Charles le bel in 1327. And its Castle is reputed a place of great Strength § The Island of Bourbon otherwise call'd Mascarenhi is an Island under the French ever since the Portugueze lost it to them in the Aethiopick Ocean to the East of Madagascar about 25 Leagues in Length and 14 in Breadth They say there is a Volcano in some part of it the rest is very fruitful Bourbon l' Ancy a Town and Castle in the Province of Burgogne in France 7 Leagues from Moulins and one quarter of a League from the Loyre It is much in Esteem for Mineral Waters which are here covered with a Noble Structure of the Ancient Roman Work This Town was never taken in the Civil Wars It gives Name to a Territory in the Diocese of Autun that is parted from the Province of Bourbonnois by the River Loyre Boyne Bouinda a River in the Province of Leinster in Ireland which runs hard by Drogheda where K. James II. and his Army being about 25000 men encamped on the South side of this River received the Defeat of Jul. 1. 1690. by K. William in Person The Duke of Schomberg was killed in the Action Burbourg Burburgus a Town in the East of Flanders not above one Mile from Graveling which was taken by the French in 1657. and has remained ever since in their Hands Bourdeaux Burdegala the Capital of the Province of Guienne and an Archbishops See the Seat of one of the Parliaments of France rich well built and populous It has a noble Haven at the Mouth of the River Garonne much frequented by the Dutch and English and all other Northern Nations for Wine Salt c. So that this City is deservedly accounted one of the best in France It is also built in a very fruitful Soil and rarely improved by Art and Industry It gave Birth to Ausonius the Poet and to Richard II. King of England It has also a very strong Castle call'd le Chateau Trompette And was an University in the times of the Romans which Honor has been reconferred upon it by Charles VII Eugenius IV. and Lewis XI since which times it has produced many very learned Men First built by the Galls improved by the Romans made the Capital of a Kingdom by the Goths It fell into the hands of lesser Lords with the Title of Counts or Earls after the times of Charles the Great United with the Dukedom of Guienne in the times of Charles the Bald. Alenora the Daughter and Heir of Lewis VII of that House being married first to the King of France and after to Henry I. of England this Dukedom was annexed to the Crown of England and continued so till wrested from them by Charles VII of France in the Reign of Henry VI. The French had indeed usurped it before upon King John but the English were not without hope of recovering it till this last mentioned time It has given some disturbances to the Reigns of Lewis IX and XIV but is now finally brought under having in 1650. been reduced by force of Arms and a Siege There has been many National Councils held here and some Provincial Synods it stands about 12 Leagues from the shoars of the Ocean upon the South side of the Garonne in the most Southern Part of France in Long 20. 10. and Lat. 44. 50. The antient Inhabitants by Pliny and Strabo have the Title given them of Bituriges Vivisci to distinguish them from those of Bourges called Bituriges Cubi Borganeuf a Town in the Province of la Marche in France upon the little River Taurion three Leagues from S. Leonard and 5 from Limoges Some are pleased to include it in Poictou Bourgen Bresse Forum Sebusianorum Tamnum Burgus a City in the County of Bresse in France upon the River Resousse 5 Leagues distant from Mascon to the East and 9 from Lyons to the North It has been under the Crown of France ever since 1601 when this whole County which before pertained to the Dukedom of Snvoy was taken in It had a strong Citadel erected in 1569 which was demolished in 1611. The City is seated in Marshes and called by some by mistake Tanus adorned with a Bishops See by Pope Leo X in 1521. but this See was suppressed again by Pope Paul III. Bourg sur Mer a Town in Guienne built upon the mouth of the Dordogne Duranium where it unites with the Garone which heretofore was well fortified it stands 5 Leagues from Bourdeaux to the North. Le Bourg de Viviers or the Bourg de S. Andeol Burgus S. Andeoli is the most populous Town in the County of Viviers seated in a Plain upon the River Rhosne 25 Leagues lower than Lions antiently called de Gentibus Here S. Andeolus a Sub-deacon suffered Martyrdom under Severus the Emperor and from him the Town has its name as appears by the Registers of this Church Bourges Bituricae Biturix Biturgium Avaricum is a very great City and an Archbishops See the Head of the Dukedom of Berry seated as it were in the centre of France upon the River Eure which falls into the Seine above Roan and naturally a strong Place It has a noble Cathedral and an University famous for the Canon and Civil Laws The Archbishops enjoyed the Title of Primates of Aquitain from the IX Century to the time of Pope Clement V. who having been Archbishop of Bourdeaux transferred the Primacy from Bourges thither Several Councils and Synods have been held here particularly in 1438. one under Charles VII recognized the famous Council of Basil and the Pragmatique Sanction which continued thence in force till suppressed by the Concordate betwixt Pope Leo X. and Francis I. in the year 1516. It is 7 Leagues from la Charite to the West 22 from Orleans to the North. Lewis XI King of France was born here Bourgogne or Burgundy Burgundia a very large Province in France divided into 2 parts the one of which is called the Dukedom and the other the County of Burgundy The Dukedom of Burgundy hath on the East the Franche County and Savoy on the West Bourbonnois on the North Champagne and on the South la Bresse Lionois and some part of Baujolois A Country not fruitful in any thing but Wines and fine Rivers This Dukedom was seized by Lewis II. upon pretence of want of Heirs Males upon the Slaughter of Charles the Hardy by the Switzers in 1467 and ever since it has been in the possession of the Crown of France The County of Burgundy hath on the East the Mountain Jour which parts it from Switzerland on the West the Dutch of Burgundy from which it is divided by the Sâ—aâ—ne on the North and a Branch of the Mountain Vauge which divideth it from la Bresse it is reckoned to be 90 Miles in length and about 60 in breadth for the most part Mountainous but fruitful of
composing in conjunction with Tangier a Bishoprick under the Arch-Bishop of Lisbonne Ceylan see Zeilan Chablais a small Province of Savoy North of the Lake of Geneva with the Province of Velay to the the East Fousigny to the South and Genevois to the West being part of the Country of the ancient Andates or Nandates and the Veragrii mention'd by Caesar The Romans call'd it Provincia Equestris and Caballica from their breeding up of Horses in it whence Chablais comes to be formed by a Corruption The famous St. Francis de Sales taking great pains to reduce the Calvinists here to their old Religion again carries therefore the Name of the Apostle of Chablais Chabli a Town in the Tract of Senonnois in France towards Auxerre and Tonnere made remarkable in 841. by a bloody Battle fought at Fontenay near it betwixt the Children of Lewis the Debonnaire Now for good Wine Chabria or Cilabro Chiabrius a River of Macedonia falling into the Thermaicus Sinus or the Gulph of Salonichi betwixt Cassandria and Salonichi Chaeronea is a City of Boeotia upon the River Cephissus on the Eastern side of Mount Helicon North-West of Athens memorable for the Ruine of the Grecian Liberty in the Defeat of the Athenian Forces by Philip of Macedonia A. M. 3612. and also for the Birth of Plutarch Now not inhabited but the Ruines are known by the former name Chagford a Market Town in Devonshire in the Hundred of Wonford Chagra a River between the South and North of America upon which the Merchandises bound for Panama and Peru do pass The Mouth of it on the North Sea being guarded by a Spanish Fort. It is thought a communication might easily be made between the two Seas by the means of this especially with other Rivers that fall into the Pacifick A Town of the same Name with it stands upon its Banks In 1670. the English Bucaniers went up it in their Canoes to plunder Panama Chaibar a River in Arabia which ariseth twenty five German Miles West of Jamama the Capital of Arabia and passing by Chaibar and Tajef falls into Eda According to some judgments this is the Chobar of the Prophet Ezekiel Chalcedon a City of the Lesser Asia in Bithynia which was a Bishop's See under the Patriarch of Constantinople and of great Antiquity much celebrated in ancient History but now reduced to the meanness of a poor Village call'd by the Turks Calcitinâ— it stands on the Mouth of the Propontis over against Constantinople Some believe that Scutaret is grown out of the Ruines of this City This City is particularly remarkable on the account of the fourth General Council here celebrated in 451. In which it had the honour to be advanced to the Title of a Metropolitan Church According to Strabo and Eusebius this City was built in the sixty ninth year of Rome that is 685. before Christ Longitude 56. 15. Lat. 43. 15. Chalcis the ancient Name of the Island and Town of Negropont § Also a Town in Aetolia in Greece with another in Syria occurring in the Writings of the Ancients but now unknown Chaldaea and Chaldei See Curdistan Chalons sur Marne Civitas Catalaunorum a City and Bishoprick under the Archbishop of Rheimes in the middle of Champagne upon the River Marne seven Miles from Rheimes to the South-East and twelve from Troyes to the North-West It is well fortified and built standing in a large Plain in which Attila lost 200000. men in a Battle with Aetius the General of the Romans Meroveus King of France and Theodorick in the year 451. The Bishops are Earls and Peers of France Chalons sur Sone Cabillonum Cabillo Aeduorum a City and Bishoprick upon the Sone in Burgundy in France 15 Leagues from Dijon to the South and the same distance from Thoulon to the West The Bishoprick is a Suffragan to the Archbishop of Lyons There are numbers of Inscriptions Vessels Statues and the Reliques of ancient publick Buildings to be seen here In 1562. the Huguenots made themselves Masters of it It has been new fortified since gives the Title of an Earl and is the Capital of a little Territory called Chalonnois or la Bresse Chalonnois Chalus or Chaslus Castrum Lucis a Town in the Province of Limosin in France towards the Borders of Perigord betwixt S. Hirier and Limoges Richard I. King of England dyed of the Wound of an Arrow that he received at the Siege of the Castle of this place then belonging to Widomare Viscount of Limoges in 1199. The occasion of which Siege see in Daniel's Life of Richard I. Chamb Chambum a small Town and Territory in the Vpper Palatinate upon the River Regen seven Miles East of Regenspurgh something more than five Miles North of Straubing This Town with the Territory annexed makes an Earldom which belonged heretofore to the Count Palatine of the Rhine but by the Treaty of Westphalia was given to the Duke of Bavaria who to this day enjoys it Chambery Civaro Chamberiacum the Capital City of the Dukedom of Savoy and the Seat of the Parliament of that Dukedom It stands upon the River Laise in a Plain ten Miles from Grenoble to the North-East well built and beautified and defended with a good Castle Chambray see Cambray Chamen Vrbs Chamavorum a City of Westphalia Champagne Campagnia a great rich fruitful populous Province in France bounded by Lorain to the East the Low-Countries to the North Picardy la Brie and the Isle of France to the West and Burgundy to the South The Earl of this County being an Earl Palatine was always one of the twelve ancient Peers of France It is watered or bounded by six of the greater Rivers of France viz. the Seine the Aulde the Marne the Vere the Meuse and the Vannes The Principal Cities are Chaumont Rheimes c. Amongst which there are four Episcopal and two Archiepiscopal See Champ Arrein a small Town near Bourdeaux where Charles the Great defeated the Goths Chanad a City of Hungary See Gyngisch Changcheu two populous and Large Cities in China with Territories of the same name belonging to them having Jurisdiction the one in the Province of Fokien near the Sea oveâ— Nine the other in the Province of Nanking over Four Cities The first is watered by the River Chanâ—s the latter by the Kiang and adorned with divers triumphant Arches Changte two great Cities and Territories adjacent in China having under their Resort the one in the Province of Honan six the second in the Province of Huquang three Cities This last excels the fertility of the other Changâ—a a great City and Territory having Jurisdiction over ten Cities in the Province of Huquang in China watered with divers Rivers and Lakes The Mountain call'd Jumo yielding great quanties of Isinglass stands here Chanry or Chanonry a fine Town and Port on the Eastern Shoar of Scotland in the County of Ross on the North of Murray Fyrth Chantilly a beautiful and ancient Seat belonging to the Prince of Conde eight
Wall and has a spacious Castle on the other side of the River supposed to have risen first out of the Ruines of Venta Silurum the Capital City of the ancient Silures four Miles distant from it Cher Caris a River which riseth in Auvergne near Clermont and running North-West through Berry and on the South side of Tours a little below this last it falls into the Loyre Cherazoul a Town in the Province of Curdistan in Asia in the Road from Ninive to Hispahan of very difficult access from the manner of its construction within a steep and cleted Rock Cherbourg Caroburgus a Sea-Port in Normandy in France which has a tolerable good Harbor ten Leagues West of Constance This Town was lost by the English in 1453. Honfleur and Beaumont stand near it Chersonesus Aurea See Malaca Some believe this to be the Land of Ophir of King Solomon's time Cherry-Issand an Island on the Coast of Greenland in the most Northern part of the World discovered to us and denominated accordingly by Sir Francis Cherry There are many Mines of Lead growing in it Chertsey A Market Town in Surrey the Capital of its Hundred not far from the River Thames over which it enjoys a Bridge The unfortunate King Henry VI. was first interred without Pomp here and afterwards removed to Windsor Cherusci an Antient and Valiant People of Germany that dwelled between the Elbe and the Weser having the Catti and the Hermonduri their Neighbours to the South East and West Their General Arminius is often mention'd with honour by Tacitus Cherwell a River in Oxfordshire at the confluence of which with the Isis stands the most famous University of Oxford Chesee Povillux a Town in Champagne the Inhabitants whereof claim the privilege to assist at the Coronation of the Kings of France and to convey the Holy Ampoulle or Oil pretended to be brought by an Angel at the Consecration of the first Christian King of that Kingdom from St. Rheimes to our Ladies Church in Rheimes Chesham a Market Town in Buckinghamshire in the Hundred of Burnham Chester Civitas Legionum Cestria is a City and Bishoprick on the River Dee in the Westernpart of Cheshire whence often call'd West-Chester with a fair Stone Bridge over that River In this City it was that 7 Kings of the Scots and Brittains by way of Homage rowed King Edgar in his Barge from S. John's Church to his Palace himself as Sovereign holding the Helm The East-gate is accounted one of the stateliest in England and the Rows or Galleries made along the chief Streets for preservation against the Rain are very particular It was an ancient Roman Town call'd by Ptolemy Devana made a Bishops See by Henry VIII who put it under the Archbishop of York The ancient Earls of Chester fortified it both with Walls and a Castle It is now at this day a fine Place with 10 Parishes in it a County Palatine and the usual passage from England to Ireland It s Long. 20. 23. Lat. 53. 11. Cheshire Cestria hath on the South Shropshire on the East Stafford and Darby on the North Lancashire and on the West Denbigh and Flintshire towards the North-West it has a Promontory that runs a great way into the Sea It abounds more in good Pasturage than Corn well stored with Parks and watered by the Rivers Dee Weever and Mersey and the Cheese of this County is thought the best of England The Earldom of it belongs to the Prince of Wales Chesterfield a Market Town in Derbyshire in the Hundred of Scarsdale pleasantly seated between two small Rivers in a very good Soil King John made it a free Borough King Henry III. and his Barons fought that Battel hard by it in which Robert de Ferrers Earl of Derby was taken Prisoner and lost his Estate and Dignity King Charles I. advanced it to the Style and Title of an Earldom in the Person of Philip Lord Stanhop Anno 1628. whose Grandson at present possesses that Dignity Cheuxan an Island upon the Coast of the Province of Chekiang in China planted by above 70 small Towns and Villages of the Chinese Chewton a Market Town in Somersetshire the Capital of its Hundred also written Chewton-Mendip Chiampana Ciampa a Kingdom of the further East-Indies between Couchin-China Cambaja and the Mare Sinicum Pulocacien is the principal City of it Chiamsi a Province towards the South of China Chiangare See Galatia a Province of the Lesser Asia Chiapa a Province of New Spain in America watered by the Rivers Gryalva and rio blanco and for many Ages past inhabited by 4 different Nations of Indians It s Capital City is Civdad Real Chiarenza a Town in the Morea fifty five English Miles from Patras to the South It is a Sea-Port-Town Chiaromonti Claromons a considerable Town in the South-East part of Sicily in the Valley of Netina amongst the Mountains about forty Miles from Pachino to the West Chiavari Clavarum Claverinum a small but well inhabited Town upon the Coast of Genoua near Rapello in Italy towards the fall of the River Layagna The Genouese are said to build it in 1167. and after it had been ruined to rebuild it Chiavenne vide Claven Chichester Cicestria a City and Bishoprick in Sussex founded by Cissa II. King of the South Saxons After the Conquest it became a Bishops See the Chair being removed from Selsey a small Village not much above sive Miles to the Southward This City is seated on a River call'd the Lavant which encompasseth it on the West and South about six Miles from the Sea and almost in the Western Border of that County The Honorable Charles Fitz-Roy Duke of Southampton was created Earl of Chichester September 10. 1675 by Charles II. his Father It is a fair City with five or six Parish Churches and a Cathedral first erected by Radulph the third Bishop afterwards rebuilt and beautified by Bishop Seffrid the second of the Name when it had been almost consumed twice by Fire The Corporation elects two Burgesses for Parliament and would enjoy a better Trade were not the Haven choaked up that is next adjoining to â—it Chidley a Market Town in Devonshire on the River Tinge Chiemzee or Chiempsee Chiemium a City and Bishoprick under the Archbishop of Saltzburgh in the Dukedom of Bavaria about ten Leagues from Munich and Saltzburgh each It is no very considerable place An Archdeacon of Saltzburgh founded the Bishoprick in the year 1214. Chieri a Town in Piedmont where the French obtained a signal Victory against the Spaniards in 1639. It lies three Miles to the Eastward of Turino and was heretofore a Potent City and a Common-wealth but is now in Subjection to the Duke of Savoy Chifale an Island in the Gulph of Arabia Chilafa or Chielefa is a Fortress on the South of the Morea thirty eight English Miles North-West of Cape Matapan a Place of great Importance both as to its natural and artificial Fortifications and surrendred to the Venetians in 1686.
of it is to be seen the Bridge of Loyang over the River Loyang 360 Perches long about one and an half broad so curiously contrived with great Pillars instead of Arches and so finely imbellished with Sculptures as no where to find a Parallel in the World Cividad del Roy Philippo a Colony of Spaniards planted in Magellanica at the Mouth of the Streights of Magellan but dissipated by Famine again it being far remote from their Countries and seldom visited Civita Nova a small Town in the Marcha Anconitana in Italy 5 or 6 Miles from Loretto and near the Adriatick upon a Hill dignified with the Title of a Dukedom Civita Busella Bucellum a Town in the hither Abruzzo in the Kingdom of Naples upon the River Sangro Civita Vecchia a famous Port in S. Peter's Patrimony in Italy believed by some to be the Centum Cellae of the Antients Civitella a Town in the farther Abruzzo in the Kingdom of Naples upon a Rock with the River Librata at the Foot of it Besieged by the French in 1557. under the Duke of Guise in vain Clagenfurt Clagenfurtum Claudia the Capital Town of the Dutchy of Carinthia in Germany â— Leagues from the River Drave and the same Distance from S. Veir There is a great Lake near it It is a fortified Town See Klagenfurt Clain Clanis Clitis a River of the Province of Poictou in France which having received the Vonne the ClouÌ„ere c. passes by Poictiers and loses its Name at length in the Vienne below Chasteleraud Clairvaux Clarevallum a famous Abbey of Champaigne upon the River Aube in the Diocese of Langres 5 or 6 Leagues from the said City Founded in the Year 1115. by the Great S. Bernard Himself being the first Abbot Who left above â—00 Religious in it at his Death Hence the Title of Abbas Clarevallensis given that very Divine Person Clare Clarence Clarentia a Country-Village in the County of Suffolk upon the River Stour which divideth Essex from Suffolk about 6 Miles West of Sudbury It had once a Castle but now ruined yet famous for the great Men who have born the Titles of Earls or Duke of it The last of which was George Duke of Clarence Brother to Edward IV. King of England who in 1421. was drowned in a Butt of Malmesey The second King at Arms retains the Surname of Clarencieux as appertaining formerly to the Dukes of Clarence At present the Title of Earl of Clare is in the Family of Hollis § There is also a Town and County in the Province of Connaught in Ireland of this Name the former standing near the Fall of the River Fergus into the Shannon Clarendon or Clarindon is a Noble Country House and Park belonging heretofore to the Kings of England about 2 Miles North of Salisbury in Wiltshire Famous of old for a Parliament here held in 1164. where were made the Constitutions of Clarindon Charles II. of blessed Memory added a new and lasting Honor to this Place when April 20. 1661. three Days before his Coronation he created the Loyal Edward Hide late Lord Chancellor Earl of Clarâ—ndon Viscount Cornbury c. who dying at Roüen in Normandy in 1674. was succeeded by Henry his eldest Son a Person of great Virtue and Goodness Clarentia or Clarenza a Country in the Morea described to contain the antient Achaia properly so called Sicyonia and Corinth Heretofore renowned under particular Dukes of its own The capital City bears the same Name of Clarenza Claros a mountainous Island of the Aegean Sea consecrated in antient times to Apollo Called at present Calamo § The Name of Claros is likewise born by a Town now unknown but mentioned we find amongst the Antients as belonging to the Colophonii in Ionia Apollo having had an Oracle in it and his Attribute thence deriv'd of Clarius Deus Claven Cleven Clavenna a small City in the Valtoline with an Earldom call'd by the Germans the Graffschaft von Cleven This City stands 5 Leagues from the Lake that bears its Name to the North upon the River Maiera called by the French Chiavenne Clausenbourg Claudipolis called by the Inhabitants Coloswar is the principal Town in Transylvania great populous and ennobled with an antient Castle All the Publick Affairs of that Principality are transacted and Justice administred here It stands upon the River Samosch nine German Miles from A'ba Jùlia North and fifteen from Waradin East The Duke of Lorrain put into it an Imperial Garrison Oct. 19. 1687. upon Articles agreed in a peaceable manner by the Magistrates and Governor for the late Prince Abafti Clay a Market-Town in the County of Norfolk and the Hundred of Holt. Clazomenae the Birth-place of the Philosopher Anaxagoras an antient City of Ionia in Asia Minor built in the Year of Rome 98. upon the Aegeun Sea betwixt Smyrna and Chio. Clebuâ—g Mortimer a Market-Town in Shropshire in the Hundred of Stottesden Clerac or Clairac a Town in the County of Agennois in Guyenne in France 4 Leagues from Agen and the same Distance from Nerac It stands upon the River Lot which a little below falls into the Garonne And has a famous Abbey in it Clermont en Argene a Town in the Dukedom of Bar upon the River Ayr four Leagues from Verdun West and seven from Barleduc North-East This belongeth to the Duke of Lorrain but in 1654. was taken from him and annexed to the Crown of France It is honoured with the Title of an Earldom Clermont en Auvergne Arvernae Claromons Claromontium the principal City of the Province of Auvergne and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Bourges It stands upon a declining ground in a Territory called Limaigne which is very fruitful upon the River Tiretaine twenty Leagues South of Moulins and twenty five East of Limoges Here was a General Council celebrated in 1095. under Pope Vrban II. in which the Croisade for the recovery of the Holy Land was concluded and Godfrey of Bouillon declared General of the same Also Philip I. King of France was excommunicated until his repentance for Adultery This is thought to have arisen out of the Ruines of Gergovia an old Roman Town It is honoured with the Title of an Earldom belonging to the Crown ever since the Union of Auvergne with the Crown Clermont on Beauvais a Town in the Isle of France five Leagues South of Beauvais in the North-East Border of that County The Earldom of this place is famous for giving a beginning to the Royal House of Bourbon in the Person of Robert of France Earl of Clormont en Beavais the Son of St. Lewis Clermont de Lodeve a Town in Languedoc upon the River Lorgue four and twenty Leagues from Avignon West So distinguished because standing in the Diocese of Lodeve It gives Name to an Honourable Family and is beautified with a Collegiate Church a Cattle and some Monasteries § There are other Clermonts in this Kingdom One in Danphine in the Territory of Viennois giving the Title of an Earldom
Stanley was created Earl of Darby in 1486. by Henry VII in the first Year of his Reign The present VVilliam Stanley who is the ninth Earl of this Family and the fourth of England succeeded Charles his Father in 1672. A Title heretofore enjoyed first by the Earls of Ferrers and Darby and afterwards by several Princes of the Royal Family Darda a strong Fort at the North end of the Bridge of Esseck built by the Turks in 1686. and taken by the Germans when they burnt the Bridge Retaken by the Duke of Lorrain in 1687. and designed to be fortified but soon after deserted rather that the Turks might have a free Passage to their ruin as came to pass Aug. 12. 1687. when they received the greatest Overthrow near this Place which has befallen them in this last Century See Mohatz The Dardanelles Dardanium Dardania are two Castles built by Mahomet II. The one in Europe where anciently stood Cestos the other in Asia in the place of Abidos upon the streightest part of the Helespont They stand two hundred Miles South of Constantinople as being the Keys of that City The famous Monsieur Thevenot who saw them in 1655. thus describes them as he is translated That which is in Romania on the Side of Europe is built in a triangular Form at the Foot of an Hill which commands and covers it where there is a little Town This Castle hath three Towers covered with Lead whereof two are towards the Land and the third which is the biggest upon the Harbor It hath said he as I could discern with a Perspective-Glass about twenty Port-holes level with the Water in which besides what I could observe by my Glasses I was assured that a Man might easily creep into some of the Guns they were of such a prodigious Bore The other on the Asia Side is in a Plain and seemed to me to be almost square It hath three Towers on each Side and a Dungeon or Platform in the Middle but not so many Port-holes as the other These Castles are of no Strength to Landward being only designed against Ships as Mr. Sandys and all observe but they were kept by strong Garrisons This Place is famous for the Loves of Hero and Leander the Passage of Xerxes by a Bridge of Boats the Passage of the Turks a little above these Castles and of later times for three Naval Victories obtained here by the Venetians in 1655 1656 and 1657. Since that the Turks have built two other Castles which bear just upon the entrance of the Hellespont about three Miles more South than the old Dardanelles That on Asia Side lieth not above two Miles from Troas upon a flat Ground That on Europe on the side of a Hill with round Towers and several Ascents after the old Fashion as Mr. VVheeler observes which he saith were built since Mr. Sandys's time and in all probability since 1655. upon the Occasion of those Venetian Victories The Turks call Lepanto and Patras at the entrance of the Bay or Gulph of Lepanto the Dardanelles by way of Allusion There are two other such Castles call'd the Dardanelles of the Gulph of Larta in Epirus eighty English Miles North-West from Lepanto Dardania the ancient Name of a Country in the upper Maesia which became afterwards a part of Dacia and now makes properly the South Quarter of the Province of Servia wherein Nizza and Vscopia stand § Also an ancient Town and Province of Troas in Asia the Less mentioned by Mela Pliny c. Darha a Country City and River in the Division of Biledulgeridia in Africa The River is subject to an annual Inundation which beginning in April if a great one makes a fruitful Year Towards this River stands the City Darha in Darha properly so called which is one of the three Parts this Country is divided into the others being Itata and the Kingdom of Teslete This Country lies between the Kingdom of Morocco Tesset and Segellomessa under the Obedience of the King of Teslete who is a Tributary to the Emperor of Morocco It abounds particularly with excellent Palm-Trees Daria an ancient Episcopal City of Mesopotamia fifteen Miles from Nisibin It has also been called Anastasiopolis and Anastasia from its Founder the Emperor Anastasius Darien a City upon the Gulph of Vrraba with a great River in the Province of Terra Firma in the South America The See of this City has been transferred thence to Panama being not so considerable a Place as formerly The River is otherwise called the River of S. John and El Rio Darien Darking a Market-Town in Surrey the Capital of its Hundred upon a Branch of the River Mole which at a Place called the Swallow by the Foot of a Hill here falls under Ground and rises again the Distance of a Mile thence near Norbury Darlington a Market-Town in the Bishoprick of Durham the Capital of its Wapentake with a fair Bridge over the River Skerne where there runs another small Rivulet into it Darmstad Darmstadium a Town and Landgravate in the County of Gerawer in Franconia upon the River Darmstad which has a fine Castle where the Landgrave of Gerawer or Darmstad resides It stands two Miles from the Rhine and three from Francfort on the Mayn towards the South And belongs to a Branch of the House of the Landgraves of Hesse thence entituled the Princes of Hesse-Darmstad Daroca a Town in the Kingdom of Arragon in Spain upon the River Xiloca four or five Leagues from Calatajud and about ten from Saragossa Dartford a large Market-Town in Kent in Sutton Lath upon the River Darent not far from the Influx thereof into the Thames The Rebellion of John Tyler alias Jack Straw in the Reign of Richard II. in 1381. began here Darwent a River in Darbyshire another in Cumberland and a third in Yorkshire Sir Francis Ratcliff of Dilston in the County of Cumberland was made Earl of Darwent-VVater by K. James II. August 24. 1687. Baron of Tindale and Viscount Ratcliff and Langley See Derwent Daventry a Market and great Road-Town in Northamptonshire in the Hundred of Fauseley upon a Rivulet that falls into the Nen. Daulia Daulis an ancient City of Phocis in Achaia not far from Delphi to the South It has sometime been a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Athens now ruined § A second in Macedonia whose modern Name is Eladasagni Dauphine Allobroges Delphinatus a great Province in the South-East part of France bounded on the East by Piedmont on the North by Savoy and La Bresse from which it is separated by the River Rhosne on the West by Lion and Vivarais from which the same River divides it and on the South by Provence It had heretofore Princes of its own called the Daulphines but Humbartus II. their last Prince in 1343. gave this Principality to Philip de Valois King of France upon Condition that the eldest Son of the King of France should bear this Title which has been ever since
the Mortality which in many Circumstances appeared so strange as not to find in History its parallel since an Angel destroyed so many thousand in the Camp of Sennacherib Dundee or Dundy Alectum Deidonium Allectum a City in the North of Scotland in the County of Angus upon the North side of the Fyrth of Tay which is a frequented Harbour and of great safety ten Miles North of S. Andrews This is a very strong Town and in 1651. when almost all Scotland had yielded after the defeat of Dunbar presumed still to hold out General Monk afterwards Duke of Albemarle coming up and summoning it upon their refusal to yield took it by Storm September 1. of that year though there were in it eight hundred Soldiers besides Inhabitants He put all in Arms to the Sword and Plundred the Town of its Wealth which amounted in Silver Gold and rich Goods to a vast summ of mony being then the richest Town in Scotland and made yet richer by the Neighbourhood who sent what ever they had that was valuable thither as to a place of security Sixty Sail of Ships which lay then in the Harbour yielded too after which Aberdeen and S. Andrews which only remained to the Covenanters yielded upon the first Summons Dunfermeling Dunfirmeling is a Town on the North Shoar of the Fyrth of Edinbâ—row seventeen Miles from it to the North-West Once a famous Monastery the building and the burial place of Malcolm King of the Scots afterwards advanced to an Earldom in the behalf of Sir Alexander Seton who being a wise and a great Statesman was raised by K. James I. from Baron of Tivâ— to be Earl of Dunfermeling and Lord Chancellor of Scotland But much more famous for the birth of Charles I. the blessed Martyr for the English Church and Nation who was born here November 19. 1600. Dunfreis Dunfreia a Town in the County of Nithesdale in the South of Scotland upon the River Nith or Nid near Solway Fyrth Dungall dungalia a Sea-Port-Town and Castle and a County in the North-West part of Ireland in the Province of Vlster on the South side of the River Esk. The County of Dungall has the Ocean on the West Lagh Gormely on the South and Tome Lagh on the North a Barbarous and Wild place as Mr. Cambden describes it See Tirconnel Dungannon Dunganum the chief Town of the Vpper Tyrone in the Province of Vlster in Ireland near Armagh Dungarvan a strong well fortified Town with a Castle and Haven situate on the Southern Shoar of Ireland in the County of Waterford in the Province of Mounster thirteen Miles from Waterford to the West First granted by Henry VI. to Talbot Earl of Shrewsbury and afterwards for convenience annexed to the Crown of England by Act of Parliament Dungesby Head Veruvium Promontorium the most Northern Cape of all Scotland which lies in 59. deg of Latitude whereas Novantum the Mule of Galloway the most Southern lies in 55. 10. Dunkeld or Dunkelden Castrum Caledonium Dulcheldinum a City on the Tau in the County of Perth ten Miles North of Perth which was adorned by King David of Scotland with a Bishops See under the Archbishop of S. Andrews supposed to have been the City of the ancient Caledonians Dunkeran Donequine or Doneyne Juernis a small Town and Port upon the Gulph of the River Maine in the County of Desmond in Mounster in Ireland Dunkirk Dunquerque Dunquerca called by the Flemmings Duynskerke and by the Italians and Spaniards Doncherca is a large strong well fortified Town and Sea-Port in Flanders which has a very noble and strong Castle lately built 3 Leagues from Graveline 5 from Newport and 6 from Calais This Town was first fortified by Charles V. It stands on the River Colme upon the Shoars of the German Ocean Taken by the French in 1646. but during their Civil Wars the Spaniards recovered it again In 1658. it was retaken by the English and French united chiefly by the valor of the English Don John of Austria and all the Spanish Forces who came to relieve it being totally routed and defeated the Town was surrendred to the French but by them according to Articles put into the Hands of the English and so it continued till 1662. when it was sold to the French The present King of France Lewis XIV has bestowed incredible cost in fortifying it in inlarging and securing the Haven by Mounds and Forts Dun-le-Roy Regiodunum a Town in Berry in France upon the River Auronne five Miles from Bourges to the South and nine from la Charite to the South-West § Another in the Dukedom of Burgundy near Beaujolois Dunmour or Dunmore a Market Town in the County of Essex The Capital of its Hundred Dunois a Territory within the Province of Beauce in France the Capital whereof is Chateau Dun. It was advanced to the dignity of a Peerdom and Dukedom in 1525. Dunnington a Market Town in Lincolnshire in the Hundred of Kirton and the Division of Holland situated in a waterish Flat Dunnington-Castle a Market Town in Leicestershire in the Hundred of Goscote honoured with a noble Seat belonging to the Earl of Huntingdon Dunstable a Market Town in Bedfordshire in the Hundred of Manshead upon a Chalky dry Hill Built by K. Henry I. out of the ruins of the ancient Magsovinium K. Edward I. caused a noble Column or Cross to be here erected in memory of Eleanor his Queen whose Corps rested in this place in their journey from Lincolnshire to Westminster Abbey Dunstaburge Bebba a Castle in Northumberland on the Sea Shoar eighteen Miles South of Berwick and twenty five North of Newcastle which belongs to the Duchy of Lancaster Bede reports that this Castle was taken and burnt by Penda King of the Mercians Roger Hoveden thus describes it Bebba is a strong City not very great but containing two or three fields having one hollow entrance into it and that raised on high by Stairs after a wonderful manner on the pitch of an Hill is a very fair Church and Westward on the top a pleasant clear Fountain adorned with excellent Workmanship In our times saith Mr. Cambden it is rather a Castle than a Town yet so big as that it might contain a small City nor was it esteemed otherwise when King William Rufus besieged the Rebellious Moubray who lurked in it In the Wars between the House of Lancaster and York it was ruined again And last of all the Winds and Seas have exercised their rage upon it endeavouring to level it by driving up the Sea Sand into the hollow parts and fetching down its once haughty Battlements Dunstafag Evonium a small ruined City in the West of Scotland in the County of Lorne which has an Haven over against the Island of Maly fifty five Miles from Dunblane to the West This was the Seat of the ancient Kings of the Picts but now a Village and yet perhaps in a better state than when it was a Royal City Dunster a
Coast of Provence in the Mediterranean Sea Formipt Gedrosia a Province on the East of the Kingdom of Persia now by others called Send which is bounded on the East by India on the South by the Ocean on the West by Macran and on the North by the Desart of Segista Formosa an Island by the Spaniards so named from the beauty and fertility of its soil in the Oriental Ocean twenty four Leagues from China towards the Coasts of the Provinces of Fochien and Quantung Inhabited by about 25000 Chinese who govern themselves in the manner of a Republick without acknowledging of any King or Sovereign The Hollanders expell'd the Portuguese hence in 1635 and the Chinese them in 1661. It is a hundred and thirty Leagues in circuit a hundred and fifty distant from Japan and subject to Earthquakes Called otherwise Lequeio Talieukieâ— and Paccande It s principal Town is Theovan or Tayoan at which the Hollanders built a Fort with the name of Zeland There is a Golden Mine found in this Island Le Fornaci one of the Mouths of the River Po in the Dukedom of Ferrara about six Miles from the other Mouth by this the Po di Ariano dischargeth it self into the Adriatick Sea it serves also as a Boundary between the Pope and the Venetians and iâ— more commonly called il Porto di Goro Fornoue a small Town in the Parmesan in Italy remembred by the Battel of Charles VIII King of France in his return from the Conquest of Naples at which with nine thousand men only he got the Victory over an Army of forty thousand of the Confederates July 6. 1495. Forstler a City in Hassia See Frislar Fort de Alinges a Fort in Savoy upon the River Drance two Leagues from the Lake Lemane which is now forsaken and ruined Forta-ventura one of the Azores West of Canaria About seventy Leagues in Circuit but in the middle not above four over There is a Town in it of the same Name Forth See Fryth Fort-Louis a Cittadel in the Island of Cayenne in the South America at the Mouth of the River Cayenne Built by the French in 1643. Taken by the Hollanders in 1675. and retaken by the French the year after Fortoro Tifernus a River of Abruzzo it ariseth out of the Apennine in the County of Molise in the Kingdom of Naples near the City of Boiano and flowing to the North-West watereth Lucito Guardia Alferes and Iscano and falls into the Adriatick Sea between Tremole and Trino over against the Isle di Tremiti This River is more usually called Biferno Fossa Cremera a River of Italy much mentioned in all the ancient Historians for the ruine of the Faâ—iâ— a great Roman Family it springeth out of the Lake of Bacano in S. Peter's Patrimony and running Eastward falls into the Tibur six Miles above Rome Fossano Fossanum a City of Piedmont upon the River Stâ—ra which falls into the Po it lies between Saluces to the North and Mondovi to the South fifteen Miles from Alba to the West built in 1236. and now a Bishops See founded by Pope Gregory XIII under the Archbishop of Turin Fossat Memphis the first Name of Grand Cairo and a small part of it Fossato Fossatum a Field in Romandiola near Ravenna Theodoricus King of the Ostrogoths in Italy who was honoured by Zeno the Emperour with a Statue and a Triumph in 484 had leave from the Emperour to enter a War with Odoacer then reigning in Italy and accordingly beat him in this place about 491. § Fossato a Town in the States of the Church in the Marchia Anconitana on the Apennine Hills near the Confines of the Dukedom of Vrbine twelve Miles from Eugubio to the West Fosse-Werd a Territory in West-Friesland Fossigny or Foucigni Fociniacus Tractus a Province in the Dukedom of Savoy at the foot of the Alpes which is a part of the Dukedom of Geneva between le Vallâ—ys to the East and the State of Geneva to the West Heretofore a dependent of the Dauphinate but now subject to the Duke of Savoy There are in it thirteen Mandements or Districts and the chief Town is Bonville The Title of a Barony is annexed to it Fossombruno Fossombrone Forum Sempronii a City in the Dukedom of Vrbino in the State of the Church which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Vrbino it stands near the River Metro Metaurus which falls into the Adriatick Sea four Miles from Senogalla about half a Mile from the place where the old City stood and is ten Miles from Vrbino to the East It was sold to the Duke of Vrbino by Galeatius Malatesta the Lord of it for thirteen thousand Florins of Gold in the time of Pope Sixtus VI. Fossone Fossae one of the Mouths of the River Po. Fotheringhay-Castle a Town and ancient Castle in the County of Northampton in the Hundred of Willibrook pleasantly surrounded with the Meadows on all sides Mary Queen of Scots was beheaded here Foulsham a Market Town in the County of Norfolk in the Hundred of Eynesford Fougeres Fugeria Fulgerium a City in Bretagne in France upon the River Coesnon towards the Borders of Normandy eight Miles from Auranches Abrincae to the South and as many from Dole Heretofore a Place of considerable Strength but now neglected It was seized by the English in time of Truce in 1448. in the Reign of Henry VI. Fowey a Market Town in the County of Cornwall in the Hundred of Powder returning two Burgesses to the Parliament Fraemont commonly called Pilate's Mount is a Mountain in Switzerland near Lucerne having a Spring at the Top of it Fraga Fragues Flavia Gallicâ— a strong Town in the Kingdom of Arragon upon the River Cinca or Cinga which falls into the Segne and with it into the Ebro in the Borders of Catalonia it stands three Leagues from Ilerda to the South-West Near this place Alphonsus VII King of Arragon was overthrown and slain by the Moors in 1134. Fraires Fratres Nesides two small Islands on the Coast of Bretagne called the Brothers or les Isles de Vannes they lie between the Mouth of the Loire and the Calonesus or Bell-Isle on the Southern Coast of that Province Framlingham a small Market Town in the County of Suffolk in the Hundred of Looes upon a Clay-hill near the head of the River Ore called by others Winchel where was anciently a strong large Castle of Saxon Work belonging to the Bigotâ—s by the bounty of Henry I. in which Robert Earl of Leicester took his quarters in the Rebellion against King Henry II. To this Castle in 1553. Queen Mary retreated and by the assistance of the Protestant Gentry of that County recovered the Crown of England Frampton a Market Town in Dorsetshire in the Hundred of Goâ—berton upon a River which affords plenty of good Fish Franc Pagus Francus is a Jurisdiction extending seven Leagues about Bruges which exerciseth is Authority without the Walls and the fourth Member of the Earldom of Flanders Gant Bruges and
Title of a Dukedom This City lies seven Leagues from the Shoars of the Mediterranean Sea to the West eight from the Borders of France fourteen from Perpignan to the South and sixteen from Barcelona to the North. A Spanish Council was held at it in 517. Gisborn a Market Town in the West Riding of Yorkshire in the Hundred of Stancliff Gisborough a Market Town in the North Riding of Yorkshire in the Hundred of Langburgh situated in a pleasant Flat between Mulgrave and the River Tees and heretofore enriched with an Abbey This is the first place where Allum was made in England Gisors Caesortium Caesarotium and Gisorium an ancient Town in Normandy mentioned by Antoninus the Capital of le Vexin Normand a Territory in this Province which lies upon the River Epte sixteen Leagues from Paris to the West and ten from Roan to the North-East It has given the Title of an Earl for many Ages past About the year 1188. Henry I. King of England and Philip the August King of France had an Enterview betwixt this place and Trie after the news of the taking of Jerusalem by Saladine wherein they agreed upon a Croisade for the recovery of the Holy Land again and to lay aside their differences with one another till they had performed it Givaudan or Gevaudan Gabali a Territory in Languedoc the Capital of which is Mende it lies between Auvergne to the North Rovergne to the West the Lower Languedoc to the South and Vivarais and Velay to the East Placed in the Mountains of Sevennes and very subject to Snow yet not unfruitful near the sourse of the Allier the Lot Olda and the Tarn Mende the principal City lies twenty five Leagues from Lyon to the South West and Baignol the next to Mende in greatness lies about six Miles South of it This was the Country of the ancient people called Gabales It now gives the Title of Earl to the Bishops of Mende and was first united to the Crown of France in 1271. being heretofore under its own Counts The Huguenots ravaged it much in the last Age. Giulap Chaboras Chobar a River and City of Mesopotamia The River ariseth from Mount Masius in the Confines of the Greater Arabia and running Southward through Mesopotamia falls into the River Euphrates at Al Thabur which last City it seems is by some called Giulap The River is the same that passeth by Caramit the Capital of Diarbeck or Mesopotamia and in the latter Maps is called Soaid supposed to be the River Chobar mentioned by Ezekiel the Prophet See Chaibar Giulia Julia a City of Transylvania between the Rivers of Sebekeres and Feyerkeres upon the Lake Zarkad seven German Miles South of Great Waradin upon the Frontiers of Transylvania in the Hands of the Turk whose Ancestors conquered it in 1566. Some Authors believe this to be the same place with the Ziridava of the Ancients Giulich a Branch of Mount Taurus in Cilicia Giulick See Juliers Giustandil Acrys Justiniana Prima Lychnidus Tauresium a City of Macedonia commonly by the Christians called Locrida standing on the Confines of Albania upon the Lake Pelioum out of which the River riseth that watereth Albanopoli This City was the Birth-place of that Great Prince Justinian the Emperour and from him had the Name of Justiniana even now it is a great and populous City and an Archbishops See it stands upon an high Hill eighty Miles from Durazzo to the East Glamorganshire Glamorgania Morganucia one of the twelve Counties of Wales has on the South the Severn Sea on the East Monmouthshire on the North Brecknockshire and on the West Caermarthenshire the North part being Mountainous is barren and unpleasant the South side descending by degrees spreads it self into a fruitful Plain which is filled with Towns The principal City of this County is Landaff There is in this County one hundred and eighteen Parishes The Earldom was granted to Edward Somerset Lord Herbert of Chepstow c. by Charles I. in 1645. the Father of Henry Duke of Beaufort in which most Loyal and most Noble Family it now is Glan Clanes a River in Bavaria which now falls into the Danube Glandeves Glandeva Glannata Glannatica a ruined City in Provence amongst the Maritime Alpes near the River Var giving Name to an Honourable Family in Province and formerly dignified with the Title of an Earldom The continual Inundations of the River Var obliged the Inhabitants to desert it about eight hundred years ago who settled at Entrevaux at the distance of a quarter of a League from it whether they removed also the Episcopal See of Glandeves which is a Suffragan to the Archbishop of Ambrun Glanfordbridge or Glamford a Market Town in Lincolnshire in the Hundred of Yarborough Glanio Clanius Liris a River in Italy now frequently called L'Agno See Agno Glarys Calarona Glarona a Town in Switzerland which is the Capital of a Canton seated in a Valley of the same Name upon the River Sarneff amongst very high Hills called Glarnischberg eighteen Miles from Altorf to the South-East and as many from Schwits to the North-East This is so great populous and strong that it may compare with most Cities The Plain upon which it stands lies by the River Limat about three German Miles in length being fensed on three sides by the towring Alpes having on the South and East the Grisons on the West the Canton Von Vry and Schwits and on the North the River Limat which parts it from the Grisons This is one of the lesser Cantons and the eighth in number Of old subject to the Monastery of Secon which had the Tythes and some certain Rents but the Inhabitants were otherwise free of all Exactions Taxes and Tolls and governed by a Senate chosen out of themselves by their own Laws and Customs only the Abbess of the Monastery chose the Senators and the Emperor was Advocate of the Monastery which Right being consigned by Fredericus Aenobarbus to Otho Palatine of Burgundy came to the House of Hapspurgh and by the latter to Albert Son of Rodolphus I. who attempting to change these Methods of Government this Canton in 1351. revolted and was received into the League of the Cantons and in 1386. gave the Austrians a fatal overthrow Zuinglius about 1515. preaching here against the Church of Rome many of the Inhabitants imbraced the Reformed Religion the rest persisting in the Roman and so it stands at this day Glas Nanaeus a River in Scotland the same with Strachnavern Glascow Glasquo Glascum a City in the West of Scotland upon the River Cluyd Glotta sixteen Miles from the Western Shoar This was very anciently a Bishops See but discontinued till King William of Scotland restored it now an Archbishops See and an University which was opened by Turnbull a Bishop who in 1554. built a College here and it is now the best place of Trade in this part of Scotland having a delightful situation excellent Apples and a Bridge of eight Arches over the
small Island near Malta to the West at the distance of four Miles only mentioned by Strabo and Pliny Now belonging to the Knights of Maltha who have fortified it with a Castle § Also an Island in the Sea of Crete near Cape Crio called Claudia in the Acts of the Apostles C. 27. 16. and otherwise by the Ancients Claudus and Claudos La Grace or La Grasse a City of Provence in France which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Embrun in the stead of Antipolis now Antibe it is seated upon an Hill and is a fine well built City with divers Churches and Religious Houses in it three Leagues from Antibe to the West seven from Nice to the same quarter about twenty four from Embrun to the South and the same from Sisteron to the South West Hadr. Vales in his Notitia Galliae saith this City in 1285 belonged to the Bishoprick of Arles and Antibe was then the Bishops See but in 1322. this is named as a Suffragan Bishops See under the Archbishop of Embrun in the Itinerary of Gregory XI And that the See was removed hither upon the account of the daily Incursions of Pyrats and Robbers and upon the slaughter of one of the Bishops of Antibe For saith he Antibe is a Sea-Port but La Grace is a strong Castle and more remote from the Sea Which reason sheweth the weakness of the French Nation at Sea in those times Gracias a Dios a Town and Cape of the Province of Honduras in New Spain in the Northern America possessed by the Salvages with the whole Country thereabouts to the extent of fifty Leagues living in a Republican way without any Soveraign King or Prince over them and when they go to War making choice of one out of themselves to command for that present Juncture The Spaniards honour them with the Title of los Indios Bravos for their Gallantry having been never conquered yet Gradiska Gradiscia a principal Town of the Province of Sclavonia in the Lower Hungary upon the Save betwixt Possega and Zagrabia towards the Borders of Croatia See Sclavonia Some will have it to be the true Servitium of the Ancients § A Fortress likewise in Friuli in the County of Goritia upon the River Sisonzo which belongs to the House of Austria Grado Gradus a City and Island belonging to Friuli on the Shoars of the Adriatick Sea or Gulph of Venice built by the Inhabitants of Aquileja eight Miles from Venice to the East and twelve from Aquileja to the South under the Venetians The Patriarchs of Aquileja long since removed from thence and settled here as they went afterwards from hence to Venice about two hundred years since Elias one of these Patriarchs in 602. celebrated a Council in this place Grafignana Caferoniana a County within the Apennine the greatest part of which is under the Duke of Modena the rest belongs to the Republick of Lucca Graftschaft Mansfeld Mansfeldiensis Comitatus the County of Mansfield The word Graftschaft in the German Town signifying a County Grafton a Road-Town in Northamptonshire in the Hundred of Cleley adorned with a Park and an ancient Seat of the Family de Wideville Earls of Rivers The Marriage of King Edward IV. with the Lady Grey which was the first Marriage of any King of England with a Subject from the Conquest received its consummation here From the year 1490. to Henry VIII this Seat bequeathed by Richard the last of the Male Line of the Rivers to Thomas Grey Marquess of Dorset continued in the Name of the Greys and then in an exchange for Lands in Leicestershire became united to the Crown It is well known for giving the Title of Duke to the late Henry Fitz Roy created by King Charles II. his Father Baron of Sudbury Viscount Ipswich and Earl of Euston in 1672. and Duke of Grafton five years after who dyed of the Wounds he received at the Siege of Cork Grambusia Crambusia a small Island on the Coast of Cilicia Grampond a Market and Borough-Town in the County of Cornwall in the Hundred of Powder which returns two Members of Parliament Gran Strigonium a City of the Lower Hungary seated on the South-West side of the River Danube where the River Gran falls into the Danube It s Castle is a very fine Pile built upon the Banks of the Danube upon a Rock which is very steep The City is of a Triangular form It has two great Towers one toward Thomasberg and the other towards the Danube over against Barkan between these Towers there is a Wall which has small Flanks and Redoubts and a Dike flanked with hewen Stone at the foot of the Dike there runs a Terrasse which has strong Pallisadoes and four great Points instead of Ravelins the other side towards the Danube has nothing but Walls and Pallisadoes it is very steep on that side and secured by the River The Castle stands very high but there are two Mountains from which it may be battered This City is divided into two parts the High and the Low Town the last commanding the Danube they are both very strong and have good Walls S. Thomas's Hill is also well fortified because being very near the Town it would otherwise have commanded it There are in it excellent temperate Baths This City was heretofore the Capital of Hungary and has many magnificent Buildings in it as S. Stephens Church the Archbishops Palace c. The Country about it affords excellent Wines there is plenty of hot Springs so that the pleasantness of its situation and the fertility of the Soil easily induced the ancient Kings of Hungary to settle here The importance of this Place has brought upon it many bloody Sieges John King of Hungary besieged it without any success about 1529. Solyman the Magnificent took it in 1544. The Count of Mansfield retook it for the Arch-Duke Matthias in 1595. It was lost again by the Cowardize of the Garrison in 1605. the Governour being accidentally killed Just over against it stands Barkan to which there is a Bridge of Boats over the Danube which together with Barkan was burnt by the Christians in 1664. In 1683. there was under the Walls of this City a sharp Engagement between the Turks and Germans the latter prevailing and taking the City of Gran also October 23 after they had beat the Turks from Vienna July 30. 1685. the Turks again besieged this City but were forced to retire Aug. 16. with the loss of all their Cannon and Baggage It stands six German Miles from Alba Regalis to the East the same from Buda to the North and Comora to the South in a most fruitful and pleasant Plain Called by the Inhabitants Stegran by the Germans Gran by the Italians Strigonia S. Stephen King of Hungary was born here This City is also an Archbishops See the Archbishop is perpetual Chancellor of the Kingdom of Hungary and ought by his place to have the Honour of Crowning the King after he is
that Tract of Land that was possessed heretofore by the Jazyges Metanastae a Sarmatian People and part of Pannonia Superior and Inferior Wonderfully fruitful yielding Corn and Grass in abundance the latter exceeding when at its greatest length the height of a Man it abounds so in Cattle that it is thought alone to be able to serve all Europe with Flesh and they certainly send yearly into Germany eighty thousand Oxen. They have Deer Partridges and Pheasants in such abundance that any body that will may kill them They have Mines of Gold Silver Tin Lead Iron and Copper store of River or Fresh-water Fish and Wines equal in goodness to those of Candia The People are Hardy Covetous Warlike but Slothful and Lazy not much unlike the Irish Their best Scholar was St. Jerome Their best Soldiers Johannes Huniades and Matthias Corvinus The principal Rivers are the Danube which divides this Kingdom from end to end the Savus the Dravus and the Tibiscus they have one famous Lake called the Balaton which is forty Italian Miles in length The principal Cities are Buda or Offen Presburgh Alba-Regalis and Caschaw The Hungarians are a Tribe of the Scythians or Tartars which in the times of Arnulphus Emperour of Germany possessed themselves of Transylvania and the Vpper Hungary under Lewis IV. Successor to Arnulphus they passed the Danube wasted all Germany Italy Greece Sclavonia and Dacia till broken by the Forces of Germany and sweetned by the Christian Religion first taught them under King Stephen about 1016. by Albert Archbishop of Prague they became more quiet and better civilized This Stephen began his Reign in 1000. This Race of Kings continued to 1302. in twenty three Descents when Charles Martel Son of Charles King of Naples and Mary Daughter to Stephen IV. King of Hungary partly by Election partly by Inheritance and Conquest succeeded to this Crown to him succeeded Lewis his Nephew in 1343. Charles II. another of his Descendents in 1383. Sigismund Emperour King of Bohemia in the Right of Mary his Wife Eldest Daughter of Lewis in 1387. Albert of Austria in the Right of Elizabeth his Wife Daughter of Sigismond in 1438. Vladislaus Son of Albert and Elizabeth in 1444. Matthias Corvinus Son of Johannes Huniades by Election in 1458. Vladislaus II. Son of Cassimir IV. King of Poland and of Elizabeth Daughter of Albert in 1491. Lewis II. slain in the Battel of Mohatz succeeded in 1517. and was slain in 1527. John Sepusio Vaiwode of Transylvania chosen upon his Death succeeded that year but was outed by Ferdinand restored by Solyman the Turk and at last died in 1540. The Hungarians Crowned Stephen his Son an Infant in the Cradle but Solyman seized the best part of his Kingdom under pretence of defending it against Ferdinand of Austria and Ferdinand the rest so that ever since this wretched Kingdom has been a Stage of War between the Austrian and the Ottoman Families The former at this time having recovered from the latter all the Lower Hungary and all Tameswaer in the Vpper The Reader may be pleased to know that all that part of Hungary which lies on the West and North of the Danube is called the Lower Hungary what lies on the East and South the Vpper This Kingdom is divided into fifty five Counties three and twenty of which in the beginning of this last War were in the Hands of the Turks and the rest in the Emperor's It has also two Archbishops Sees Gran Strigonium and Colocza thirteen Bishopricks six under the first and seven under the latter Hungerford a Market Town in Berkshire in the hundred of Kentbury upon the River Kennet Hunni the ancient Inhabitants of the Marshes of the Maeotis who for the sake of a better Country to live in invaded Pannonia in great numbers and thence under Attila their King who stiled himself the Scourge of God marched victoriously into Germany Italy and France till Aetius General of the Romans and Meroveus King of France slew 200000 of them in one Battel in 450. Then they retired into Pannonia again and maintain'd themselves in divers Wars At length the Hungarians a Scythian race appeared about the end of the Reign of Charles the Gross and expelled them Huntingdonshire is bounded on the North by the River Avon or Afon which parts it from Lincolnshire on the West by Northamptonshire on the South by Bedfordshire and on the East by Cambridgeshire The North-East parts of it are Fenny but yield plenty of Grass for feeding of Cattle The rest is very pleasant fruitful of Corn rising into Hills and shady Groves The whole indeed was one Forest till Henry II. in the beginning of his Reign disforested it The Town of Huntingdon which gives Name to the County is seated upon the North side of the River Ouse somewhat high and stretcheth out it self in length to the Northward it has four Churches in it a fair Bridge of Stone over the River and near it is the Mount or Plot of an ancient Castle now ruined built by Edward the Elder in the Year 917. Which King David of Scotland who had this County with the Title of an Earl from King Stephen of England for an Augmentation of his Estate in the Year 1135. enlarged with new Buildings and Bulwarks but Henry II. finding great Inconveniences from it razed it to the Ground This was a very considerable Town in the times of Edward the Confessor and perhaps greater than now The first Earl of Huntingdon was Waltheof Created in 1068. two years after the Conquest he being beheaded Simon de Lyze who Married Maud the Daughter of Waltheof was made Earl in 1075. David Prince of Scotland her second Husband was the next Earl in 1108. It continued in this Family of Scotland till 1219. but it is now in the Family of the Hastings George Lord Hastings and Hungerford being by Henry VIII Created Earl of Huntingdon in the Year 1529. Theophilus Hastings the present Earl succeeded his Father in the Year 1655. and is the seventh Earl of this Noble Family Huquang a very large Province in the middle of the Kingdom of China counted the seventh in number but in extent one of the greatest its greatest length is from North to South being bounded on the North by Honan on the East by Nankim and Kiamsi on the South by Quamtum and on the West by Queycheu and Suchen It contains fifteen Cities an hundred and eighteen great Towns five hundred thirty one thousand six hundred eighty six Families The greatest City is Vuchang The great River of Kiam crosseth it and divides it and in the middle of this Province it receiveth two other great Rivers one from the North and the other from the South whose Names I cannot assign And these three Rivers form at their meeting a very considerable Lake between the Cities of Kincheu and Yocheu The Chinese call it also Jumichiti and the Granary of China for its abundance As to which they have a Proverb that the
Mount Hemus dividing Macedonia from Thrace Kassel See Cassel Katsbach Cattus a River in Silesia which washeth Lignitz Kaufbeurn Kaufbura a City in the Circle of Schwaben in Germany in the Territory of Algow upon the River Wertach between the Bishoprick of Ausburg to the East and the Territory of the Abbat of Kempten not above sixteen Miles from the Confines of Bavaria to the West eight from Ausburg to the South and five from Nimmeguen to the East This Town bought its Liberty of Conrade II. Emperour of Germany at the price of fifty thousand Crowns when it had been two hundred years in the Possession of the Barons Uon Hoff who coming out of France into the Service of Lotharius the Emperour built it in 1340. It embraced the Reformation in 1624. Kaunberg See Haynburgh Keci Daona the Capital City of the Kingdom of Tunking in the East-Indies Kederminster or Kidderminster a Market Town in Worcestershire in the Hundred of Halfshire upon the River Stower over which it has a Bridge well inhabited and traded for its Stuffs and beautified with a fair Church Keisers-Lautern Caesaropolis a City in the Palatinate of the Rhine upon the River Lauter near the Dukedom of Bipont six Leagues from Spire to the West a little less from Worms called by the French Caseloutre it has a Castle and a Territory or Jurisdiction belonging to it which surrendred to the Marquess de Boufflers the thirtieth of September 1688. Kelaggebar See Petra Keldan Chaldaea a Province of Asia in Assyria towards the Conjunction of the Euphrates and Tygris often called Babylonia from its Capital City This Province which lay all on the West of the Euphrates and Tygris by the taking of Bagdat fell under the Dominion of the Turks whereas before it was under the Persians The Principal Cities in it are Bagdat Cufa and Vaset It is now called Yerach Arabi and Kaldar Kelh or Kill Kylli Celbis a rapid River of Germany much celebrated for plenty of Fish and Corn Mills It washeth Gerhardstein Kilburgh and Erang then falls into the Maes beneath Treves almost over against the Mouth of the Roer or Rober. This River is called Rapidus Celbis in Ausonius Kellen Trdjana Colonia once a City now a Village in the Dukedom of Cleves Keller Ampt the Territory belonging to the City of Zell in the Bishoprick of Breme upon the River Aller See Zell Kelnsey Ocellum a Promontory in the South of the East Riding of Yorkshire commonly called Holderness upon the North side of the Humber over against Saltfleet in Lincolnshire See Holderness Kemach Camachus a City of Cilicia in the Lesser Asia in the Borders of the Lesser Armenia which was made a Bishops See under the Patriarch of Constantinople by Leo the Emperour Now a mean Village under the slavery of the Turks Baudrand writes it Chemach Kemois a People in Chochin-China Kempen or Kampen a Territory in Brabant which was of old the Seat of the Toxandri by the latter Latin Writers called Campinia It is called by the Flandrians Het Kempelandt The greatest part of it lies in the North of the Bishoprick of Liege towards the Maes and the District of Boisleduc and contains also the South part of the Counties of Lootz and Hoorn in which are the Towns of Masark Bering c. The lasser part of it lies in the Dukedom of Brabant in the Territory of Boisleduc between Peeland Osterwick and the Kempen in Liege The only Town of any Note in this part is Eyndhoven which is in the Hands of the Hollanders See Eyndhoven Kempten Drusomagus Campodunum Campidona a City of Schwaben in Germany in the Territory of Algow It is one of the most ancient Cities of Germany being mentioned by Ptolemy and had heretofore a Castle called the Burghald which is now pulled down and ruined This was the Seat of the old Dukes of Schwaben amongst which Hildebrand was of great fame whose Daughter Hildegard marrying to Charles the Great founded here a Monastery the Abbat of which as a Prince of the Empire was Lord of the City till the Inhabitants purchased their Liberty of one of them with a vast sum of Mony after which it was annexed to the Empire and in 1625. obtained a Charter from Frederick III. who gave them an Eagle for their Arms one half Gold with a Crown Maximilian I. and Charles V. both determined the Controversies between them and their Abbot It is now governed by a mixture of an Aristocracy and a Democracy and it embraced the Reformation in 1530. This City is seated upon the River Iler which falls into the Danube over against Vlm five German Miles from Memmingen to the South twelve from Constance to the East and twelve from Vlm to the South The Monastery founded by Hildegardis was of the Order of St. Benedict Ken or Kan a River of Westmorland on which Kendall stands having two Cataracts descending with a great noise near that place Kenchester Ariconium a desolate Roman Town in Herefordshire in the Hundred of Grimsworth Kendal a Town Earldom and Barony in Westmorland seated upon the West side of the River Ken or Kan in the South part of that County in a fruitful Valley The Town is not great but rich being a place of Trade and the Inhabitants very industrious in making Cloaths It has two fair Stone Bridges over the River and another of Wood. Also a large Church to which belong twelve Chappels of Ease and a Free-School endowed with Exhibitions for Scholars going thence to Queen's College in Oxon and seven Halls for so many respective Companies of Tradesmen John Duke of Bedford Regent of France and Brother to Henry V. was by him created Earl of Kendale John de Foix received the same Title from King Henry VI. Queen Catharine the sixth Wife to King Henry VIII was born in a Castle here whose ruins may yet be seen The Barony is in the Earl of Pembroke The Ward called Kendal Ward takes its Name from this place Kenelworth a large beautiful strong Castle in Warwickshire in the Hundred of Knightlow which in the Reign of Henry III. stood a Siege of six Months and being at last surrendred there was here a Proclamation issued out That all that had born Arms against the King should pay five years Rent of their Land which was called Dictum de Kenelworth In the Reign of Queen Elizabeth it was given to Robert Dudley Earl of Leicester who spent very freely in the Repair of it so that it was then the second or third Castle of England Kenet a River in Wiltshire running Westward thence through Berkshire into the Thames at Reading where a fair Bridge covers it Newbury and Hungerford are both seated upon it Kenkis Anchialo Anohialus a City of Thrace which is an Archbishops See and has a Haven upon the Mouth of the River Eriginus upon the Euxine fifteen Miles from Mesember to the South-East It is under the Turks and not expressed in our latest Maps Kensington a Town in Middlesex in
it Lepseck and Lasipio the Europeans Lampsaco It is now in a tolerable good Condition and the See of an Archbishop Xerxes King of Persia gave the Revenues of this City to Themistocles the Athenian in his Banishment to find him Wine It consists of about two hundred Houses inhabited partly by Turks partly by Christians It has a very fine Mosque whose Portico is supported by Red Marble Pillars the same was formerly a Christian Church as appears by the Crosses that yet remain on the Capitals of the Pillars This City has even at this day a great many fine Vineyards especially on the South-side fenced in with Pom granate Trees Wheeler p. 76. In the antient Roman Times the God Priapus was revered here In the Year of Christ 364 the Demi-Arrians in a Council at this City condemned the Forms of Faith that had been published by the Councils of Rimini and Constantinople confirming another made by the Council of Antioch in 341. There was also a second Synod assembled here about the Year 369. Lampura Selampura a City of India beyond Ganges mentioned by Ptolemy Lancashire Lancastria is a part of that Country which was of old possessed by the Brigantes This County has Westmorland and Cumberland on the North Yorkshire on the East Cheshire on the South and the Irish Sea on the West In length from North to South fifty seven Miles in breadth thirty two containing twenty six Market Towns sixty one Parishes and many Chappels of Ease equal for the multitude of Inhabitants to Parishes Watered with the Rivers Mersey Rible Son all three running from East to West into the Irish Sea and the first serving as a Boundary betwixt this County and Cheshire besides the great Lakes of Merton and Winder which last divides it from Westmorland Where the ground is plain and champaign it yieldeth good store of Wheat and Barley the foot of the Hills is fitter for Oats All is tolerably useful and good except the Mosses or Bogs which yet afford excellent Turffs for firing There is also Marle in many places and in some Trees are found under Ground which have lain there many Ages This County is a Palatinate and has many Royal Privileges belonging to it In the time of Henry of Bullingbroke afterwards King of England the fourth of that name and first of Lancaster the half of the Lands of Bohun Earl of Hereford Essex and Northampton being added to what before belonged to the Honor of this County which was then a Dukedom it became the richest Patrimony that was in the hand of any one Subject in Christendom and in that Prince's Person it was annexed to the Crown of England and never since granted to any Subject whatsoever Lancaster Alione Mediolanum Lancastria The Town which gives name to this County stands on the South Bank of the River Lunne or Lone from which it is supposed to be denominated five Miles from the Irish Seas and towards the Northern Bounds of the County It seems to Mr. Cambden to be the Longovicum of the Romans which was one of their Military Stations Not overmuch peopled and consequently not extraordinarily rich It has a small but fair and strong Castle built on a Hill near the River and one large fair Parish Church with a S one Bridge of five Arches over the River Lon. This Town in 1322. was burnt by the Scots in an inroad they made into England and although it is thereby removed into a better Situation yet it may be presumed to be the less at this day for that Calamity Of the House of Lancaster abovementioned Henry the Fourth Fifth Sixth and Seventh inherited the Crown of England The last of which marrying Elizabeth Daughter and Heiress to Edward IV. of the House of York united those two Houses of York and Lancaster whose competition for the Crown under the names of the Red and the White Roses had caused the effusion of more English Blood than was spent in the Conquest of France Lancaster stands in the Hundred of Loynsdale and returns to the Parliament two Burgesses Long. 20. 48. Lat. 54. 05. Lanceston or Launceston the County Town of Cornwall in the Hundred of East upon the banks of the little River Kensey not far from its fall into the Tamer Well inhabited marketed and traded It returns to the House of Commons two Burgesses Lanciano or Lansano Anxanum the capital City of the hither Abruzzo in the Kingdom of Naples and an Archbishop's See built five Miles from the Adriatick two from the River Saras now il Sangro about eighty from Naples to the North and a little more from Ancona to the South This City was raised to the Dignity of an Archbishoprick in 1562 and built as is supposed upon the Ruins of the antient Anxanum Long. 38. 55. Lat. 42. 27. Landaff Landava Landuvia a small City and Bishops See in Glamorganshire in Wales seated on the North side of the River Taff. over which it has a Bridge about three Miles from the Irish Sea to the North. The Cathedral and Bishoprick hereof was founded by S. Germanus and Lupus two Holy French Bishops who came twice into Britain to extinguish the Pelagian Heresie about the Year 522. They preferred Dubricius a holy Man to this new-founded See to whom Meuricke a British Lord freely gave all the Land that lies between the Taff and Eleâ— But this See has since met with others of a contrary temper who have reduced it to that Poverty that it is scarce able to maintain its Bishop The present Dr. William Beaw is the LXXVI Bishop consecrated in 1679. June 22. Many Synodal Constitutions we find in the Councils were made and published by the Bishops of this See in antient times Landaw Landavia a City of Germany in the Lower Alsatia in the Territory of Wasgow upon the River Queich in the Confines of the Palatinate of the Rhine four Leagues from Spire to the West Once an Imperial and Free City but by the Treaty of Munster yielded to the French who still have it L'andramiti Adramytium a City of Phrygia in the Lesser Asia which is a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Ephesus called by the Europeans Andromiti by the Turks Endroinit in which word there is a further account of it Landrecy Landrecium a City in Hainault small but well fortified It is seated at the Fountain of the River Sambre Sabis six Leagues from Valenciennes to the North-East and two from the Borders of Picardy to the North. This has been made at once famous and miserable by the frequent Sieges it has suffered of late But by the Pyrenean Treaty it was put into the hands of the French The Emperor Charles V. besieged it in 1542. for six months with fifty thousand Men and retired from it at last without success The Lands End Antivestaeum Bolerium Ocrinum the most Western Cape or Promontory of England in the County of Cornwal Landshut Landshutum a City of Germany in the Lower Bavaria in the Marquisate of
England Bounded on the North with the German Ocean on the East in part by the same Ocean in part by Suffolk on the South by the Rivers of VVaveney and the little Ouse which part it from Suffolk on the West with the great Ouse and towards Lincolnshire with that part of the Nene which passeth from VVisbich to the Washes It containeth in length from Yarmouth to VVisbich fifty Miles in breadth from Thetford to VVells thirty in circuit about two hundred and forty The Southern parts which are Wood Lands are fruitfull the Northern or Champain barren and dry In the whole are six hundred and sixty Parishes and thirty one Market Towns and besides the VVaveney and the Ouse watered by the Rivers Yare and Thryn It s Capital City Norwich The largest County next to Yorkshire in England and surpassing even Yorkshire in populousness In the time of the Heptarchy it was a part of the Kingdom of the East-Angles The first Earl of Norfolk was Ralph de VVaet Created in the Year 1075. After whom succeeded the Bigots from 1135 to 1270 in six Descents In 1313 Tho. de Brotherton a Son of Edward I. was made Earl of Norfolk Margaret his Daughter in 1398 was made Duchess whose Son Thomas Mowbray and his Descendents continued the Honor to the Year 1461. In 1475 Richard Duke of York was made Duke of Norfolk In 1483 John Lord Howard was vested with the same Honor in whose Family it now is Henry the present Duke of Norfolk being the ninth Duke of this Race Norimburgh See Nurenberg Norin a fort of Dalmatia betwixt the River Narenta and the branch thereof called Norin which returns into the bed of the Narenta again Under the Venetians Norkoping Norcopia a small City in Sweden between two Lakes five Miles from the Baltick Sea in the Province of Ostrogothia by the River Motala ten Miles from the Lake Veter East Normandy Neustria Normannia is a great and fruitful Province in France which has the Title of a Dukedom It has this name from the Normans who under Rollo their first Duke setled here in the time of Charles the Simple King of France Bounded on the North and West by the British Sea on the East by Picardy on the South by le Perche and le Maine It lies sixty six Leagues from East to West and from North to South about thirty the principal City in it is Roan or Roiien This Province is divided into twelve Counties but more usually into the Upper and Lower Normandy the former containing the Bailywicks of Roiien Eureux Caux and Gisors the other those of Alenzon Caen and Constantin It s principal Rivers are the Seine Eure Risle Dive Soule Ouve c. A cold Climate plentiful in Corn Cattel and Fruits but generally wanting Wine It yields some Mines of Iron and Brass together with Medicinal Waters Is better inhabited by Gentry than almost any other Province of France and reckons above a hundred Cities and a hundred and fifty great Towns standing in it Rollo the first Duke under whom the Normans besieged Paris three times obtained that Title in 912. from Charles the Simple who gave his Daughter in Marriage to him upon condition to hold Normandy in homage to the Crown William the base Son of Robert the sixth Duke Conquered England in 1066 by which means it was United to the Crown of England till 1202 when King John was outed of it Henry V. about 1420. reconquered this Duchy His Son lost it again about 1450. ever since which time it has been annexed to the Crown of France De Noort Caep Rubaea Rubeae Promontorium is the most Northern Point of Finmark and indeed of all Europe § There is a Cape of the same Name in Guiana in South America Nortgow Nortgovia a Province of Germany between Bohemia to the East the Danube to the East and South which parts it from Bavaria Schwaben and Franconia to the West and Voigtland to the North. The Capital of it is Norimburg This name in the German Tongue signifies the North Country It was the Seat of the antient People Nariscâ— North-Allerton A Market Town in the North-Riding of Yorkshire near the Stream Wisk which falls into the Swale The Capital of its Hundred Northamptonshire Northantonia is seated almost in the midst of England on the North it is parted from Lincolnshire by the River Weland on the East from Huntington by the Nene on the South it has Buckingham and Oxford and on the West Warwickshire separated by Watlingstreet a Roman way From North to South it is forty six Miles in length but not full twenty in breadth where broadest In the whole there are three hundred twenty six Parishes and thirteen Market Towns The Rivers Nen and VVeland have their rise in this County together with the Ouse The Air is temperate the Soil rich fruitful champain full of People The chief Town is Northampton pleasantly seated on the Bank of the River Nen where two Rivulets from the North and South fall into it which for its Circuit Beauty and Buildings may be compared with most of the Cities of England It was burnt by the Danes In the Wars in King John's time it suffered much from the Barons Near this City in 1460. Henry VI. was overthrown and first taken Prisoner by Edward IV. In 1261 the Students of Cambridge are said to have removed hither by the King's Warrant with Intentions to have setled the University here In the Reign of King Charles II. Sept. 1675. it was totally destroyed by Fire but by the favour of that gracious Prince and the chearful Contributions of good People soon rebuilt Long. 19. 40. Lat. 52. 36. To omit the more ancient Families VVilliam Lord Compton was created Earl of Northampton by King James I. in 1618. The present Earl George is the fourth of this Noble Family Northausen Northusia an Imperial Free City of Germany in Thuringia upon the River Zorge between Erford to the South and Halberstad to the North eight German Miles from either This City is under the Protection of the Elector of Saxony and said to have been built by Meroveus I. King of the Franks in the Year of Christ 447. The North Foreland Cantium a Cape of the Isle of Thaâ—â—â—â— in Kent famous for a Sea Fight between the English and the Dutch in 1666. When the brave Duke of Albemarle with only two Squadrons of the English Fleet maintained a Fight against the whole Dutch Fleet of an hundred Sail two days together Prince Rupert coming up in the Evening of the second day the English fell again the third on the Dutch Fleet and beat them home which all things considered was the most wonderful Naval Fight that ever was fought upon the Ocean Northumberland Northumbria is parted on the South by the Derwent and the Tyne from the Bishoprick of Durham on the East it has the German Ocean on the North Scotland on the West Scotland and Cumberland it has the form of a Triangle
last it is divided by the Loyre though some attribute several Villages to it beyond that River The Cities of it are Orleans Baugency and Chartres Ormus Armuzia Ormuzium Organa a small Island on the Coast of Persia known to the Greeks and Romans with a City of the same name This Island is seated at the Mouth of the Persian Gulph upon the Province of Schiras over against the Mouth of the Drut nine Spanish Miles in compass and twelve from the nearest Shoars of Persia The City which was once so potent and rich fell into the Hands of the Portuguese in 1517 and was re-conquered by the Persians assisted by the English April 25. 1622. Whereupon this so famous Mart presently became desolate and forsaken so that there is now little of it left but the Castle that the Portuguese built which has deluded the Forces of the Turks and Arabians Out of the ruins of it is sprung up Gambron on the continent Long. 91. 20. Lat. 27. 30. This Island wants fresh water It hath formerly sustain'd the title of a Kingdom The Tartars call it Necrokin The Portuguese were thought to lose six or seven Millions at the retaking of it by the English and Persian Forces Ormond Ormondia The North part of the County of Tipperary in the Province of Munster called by the Irish Orwowon that is the front of Munster A lean Mountainous barren Country which gives the Title of a Duke to one of the best and most Loyal Families in that Kingdom the first of which was James Butler Created Earl of Ormond by Edward III. James the late Earl was for his signal services in the old Rebellion in Ireland in 1643 Created Marquess of Ormond In 1660. he was by Charles II. made Duke of Ormond in Ireland and in 1661. in England Ormokirk a Market Town in Lancashire in the Hundred of Darby not far from Merton Meer Ornano a Signory in the Isle of Corsica Orne Orna Olina a River in Normandy which watereth Argentan Caen and at Estreban falls into the British Sea Orne Odorna a River of Lorrain which falls into the Moselle between Mets and Thionville it has a Town of the same name upon it between the Moselle and the Maes but nearest to the last Hofman Orontes See Farfar § The same is also the name of a Mount near the City Tauris in Persia Oropus or Orope an antient City of Attica in Greece called now Zucamini and Suzamino Aulus Gellius speaks of it § There was a second in Macedonia the Birth-place of Seleucus Nicanor § A third in the Island Euboea in Aristotle's time who remembers it § And Stephanus places a fourth in Syria called also Telmissus Orsoi Orsoium Orsovium a small but strong and an important Town in the Dutchy of Cleves in Germany upon the Rhine Taken for the Hollanders by the Prince of Orange in 1634 and in 1672 by the Duke of Orleans for the French Orssa a strong Town in the Dukedom of Lithuania in Poland seated at the Confluence of the River Orsca with the Nieper eighteen Polish Leagues from Smolensko to the West and twelve from Mohilow to the North towards VVitepski It is defended by a good Cittadel Sigismond I. King of Poland defeated the Muscovites before it in 1514 taking Prisoners four thousand and leaving dead upon the Place forty thousand It hath heretofore been in the hands of the Muscovites Orta or Orti Hortanum a small City in the Ecclesiastical State upon the Tiber near its Confluence with the Nera and upon an Ascent It belonged formerly to the Dukedom of Toscana Pliny takes occasion to mention it It is an Episcopal City thirty four Miles from Rome to the North. Ortonbourg Ortemburgum a Town in the Province of Carinthia in Germany upon the Drave having the honour to give a Title of a Count of the Empire Orton a Market Town in the County of VVestmorland in East Ward amongst the Heaths much wanting Wood. Ortona a City of the Hither Abruzzo and a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Trivento which has a safe Port on the Adriatick twelve Miles from Trivento North-East eight from Lanciano to the same and eleven from Pescara to the South-East It is now called Ortona à Mare to distinguish it from Ortona di Marsi in the same Province Made a Bishop's See by Pope Pius V. in 1570. The Revenue of this Town belongs to the Papacy Orvieto Oropitum Vrbiventum Herbanum a City of Italy of great antiquity called in several Ages by various names It was heretofore included in the Province of Toscana now in S. Peter's Patrimony the Capital of a Territory denominated from it and a Bishop's See seated upon the River Pelia which a little higher takes in the Chiana and three Miles lower falls into the Tiber twenty Miles from Viterbo to the North sixty from Rome and thirty from Perugia Very strong by its Situation being fenced on all sides by Rocks and steep Valleys or Precipices Orwell a River in the County of Suffolk upon whose Banks not only Ipswich but Stow Market and Needham are also situated Osaro See Serchio Osbor or Olbor Osborium The Geographers do not determine whereabouts in Germany it was that this Place stood But they omit not to mention it upon the account of a Council there assembled in the presence of the Emperor Henry IV. which condemn'd the Anti-Pope Honorius II. and confirm'd the Election of Pope Alexander II. Oseau Ossavus a small River in Bearn Osenburgh Osnaburgum Osnabrugum Osnabrucum a City of VVestphalia in Germany which is a Hanse Town and a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Cologn instituted by Charles the Great in 776. It is seated upon the River Hasa eight German Miles from Munster to the South-East and fifteen from Oldenburgh to the South Famous for a Peace concluded here between the Emperor and the Crown of Sweden in 1648. This City is under the Dominion of its own Bishop who keeps his ordinary residence at Patersbourgh and called sometimes Osnabruck Not only the Parochial Churches are divided here amongst the Roman Catholicks and Lutherans but the Lutherans also have the Possession of three Prebends in the very Cathedral with a Voice Active in the Election of Dignitaries The Roman Catholick Prebendaries have Voices Active and Passive electing and to be elected § The Bishoprick of Osenburgh is a Tract of Germany under the Bishop of this Diocese by the Order of Charles the Great Bounded on the West and South with the Bishoprick of Munster on the East by the Principality of Minden and the County of Ravensperg from North to South forty Miles from East to West twenty five The Bishop of this Diocese is to be a Roman Catholick and a Lutheran by turns according to the Treaty made in this City in favour of the House of Brunswick Osero Absirtum Absortus Absorus Civitas Ausarensis an Island and City of its name upon the Coast of Dalmatia under the Venetians The City is a Bishop's
it self the Publick Schools and Physick Garden are admired by all By the Charter of K. Edward III. the Mayor of the City stands bound to obey the Orders and live in Subjection to the Vicechancellour of the Vniversity which from the time of its Restauration under K. Alfred has been all along accounted one of the four principal Vniversities of Europe the three other being Paris Salamanca and Bologna Henry VIII added in the year 1541. the Honor of a Bishop's See Aubrey de Vere the present Earl of Oxford is the twentieth of his Family which has been honored with this Title ever since the year 1155 or as others say in 1137. It is certain he is the first Earl in England Long. 19. 20. Lat. 52. 01. This City having suffered very much with and for Charles the Martyr after a Siege from May 2. to June 24. 1646 was surrendred to the Parliamentarians Oxirynchus or Oxgrynchus an ancient Town in the Kingdom of Egypt mentioned by Evagrius He says the Inhabitants were almost all Monks or Nuns and that it had then twelve Churches besides the Monasteries Oyse Aesia a River of France which ariseth in Picardy and running Southward by Guise and la Fere takes in there the Serre then entering the Isle of France at Compeigne it takes in the Aysne and between Clermont and Senlis passeth to Pont-Oyse beneath which it falls into the Seyne eight Leagues below Paris Ozaca a great City of the Kingdom of Japan in the Island of Niphonia with a splendid Castle belonging to the King built some few years since The Island is in a very large Bay of the Province of Jetsesena The City stands in the middle of the Island fifty Leagues from Meaco to the North-East Ozsurgheti Ozurietum the Capital City of the Kingdom of Guriel in Georgia where the King of Guriel resides Ozwieczin Ozviecinum a Town in the Lesser Poland in the Palatinate of Cracovia upon the Vistula where it takes in the Sala scarce three Polish Miles from Silesia and about seven from Cracovia to the West It has a Timber Castle seated in a Morass Honored with the Title of a Dukedom In the year 1654 it returned to the Crown of Poland after it had for many years been annexed to Silesia This Town is called by the Germans Ausch-Wits P A. PAchacama a famous fertile and pleasant Valley in the Kingdom of Peru four Leagues from Lima where stood in the times of the Yncas or Indian Emperors of Peru a most magnificent Temple by them built to the honour of the Creator of the Vniverse says Garcillasus not of the Sun as others misrepresent their Devotion Its Ruines are yet apparent This Temple was immensely rich with the Treasures especially hidden in it when Pizarro became Master of the Country It is said himself drew thence above nine hundred thousand Duccates Pacamores a People of Peru near the Confluence of the Maranio and the River of Amazons Pacca the Moorish Name of Beja a City of Portugal Pactolus a River of the Lesser Asia which ariseth in Lydia from the Mountain Tmolus and passeth by the City Sardis into the Hermus now Sarabat whence it is also by the Moderns called by the same Name of Sarabat The antient Poets often quote its golden Sands Padeborn Paderborn Paderborna Padeburna a City of Westphalia which is a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Mentz by the Institution of Charles the Great who held a Diet or Parliament here in 777. In 799. Pope Leo III. took refuge in this City In 999. it happened to be burnt In 1002. the Empress Cunegonda was crowned at it Of old an Imperial and Free City but since exempt and in the Hands of its own Bishop ever since 1604. It is seated near the Rise of the River Lippe twelve Miles from Munster to the North-East and ten from Cassel to the South-West about two Miles from it lies the Castle of Newhaus built by Theodore Furstemberg Bishop of this Seâ— in the year 1590 for the Residence of the Bishop Long. 30. 30. Lat. 51. 45. § The Bishoprick of Paderborn is a Tract in the Circle of Westphalia bounded on the North by the County of Lippâ— on the East by Munster on the South by Hassia and on the West by the Dukedom of Westphalia It is from North to South forty Miles The principal Places in it are Paderborn Brackel and Warburgh Ferdinand Furstemberg Bishop of this Diocese has written a History of it Padoua Patavium a Ciâ—y of Italy in the States of Venice upon the Rivers Brenta and Bachiglione twenty four Miles from Venice to the West eighteen from Vicenza and forty eight from Ferrara to the North. All the ancient Writers agree this City was built by Antenor a Trojan particularly Virgil speaking of Antenor says Hic tamen ille urbem Patavi sedesque locavit soon after the Ruin of Troy They pretend to shew his Tomb here upon which there is an Inscription in Gothick Letters that cannot be equally old In this City was brought into the World Livy the great Roman Historian About the year of Christ 452 it was ruined by Attila King of the Huns rebuilt by the Inhabitants of Ravenna About an hundred years after the Lombards destroyed it and Charles the Great refounded it In 1140. it came into the Possession of the Carrarii In 1221 Frederick II. Emperor opened the University here In 1403. John Galeatius Duke of Milan put an end to this Family and three years after the Venetians took it from him In 1509 it was taken from them by Maximilian I. Emperor of Germany but being soon after recovered has ever since continued under that State It is great and strong but not very populous and a Bishop's See under the Archbishop of Aquileja Long. 33. 58. Lat. 44. 54. The Country it stands in is so fruitful as to give occasion to this Italian Proverb to prefer Padua before either Venice or Bologna Bologna la grassa Venetia la guasta ma Padoa la passa It is made a strong place by its Castles Towers Walls and Ditches The Palaces and publick Buildings are noble the Vniversity is particularly famous for the Faculty of Physick It is the Capital of the Territory called the Padouan which comprehends Este Arqua Poluerara Castelbaldo Montagnana Mirano c. There are two Academies of the Ingenious established in it under the Titles of gli Recoverati and gli inflammati It shews the ruines of a Roman Amphitheatre And in the year 1350. a Synod was assembled in this City Padstow a Market Town in the County of Cornwall in the Hundred of Pider with a Haven to the North Sea Pagâ—ts â—romley a Market Town in Staffordshire in the Hundred of Pirehill upon the River Blithe Paglion â—auâ—on a small River which washeth the City of Nice in Piedmouâ— then falls into the Mediterranean Sea alamos a Sea-Port Town in Catalonia The Palatinate of Bavaria See Bavaria The Palatinate of the Rhine Palatinatus Rheni Palatinatus Inferior
of Poland called by the Natives Poconk or Pocouth It is a part of the Territory of Halitz between the River Tyra now the Neister and the Borders of Transylvania and Walachia the principal Town is Sniatim upon the Pruth the rest Colomey and Martinow Podgarim Babylonia a Province in Asia Podolia Bodeni Budini Patzinacae Populi a Province of the Kingdom of Poland comprehended under the Red Russia of which it is a part and subject to a Palatine of its own Bounded on the North by Volhinia on the East by the Palatinate of Braslaw on the South by Wallachia and on the West by Russia properly so called or the Black Russia This Country extends Eastward through vast uninhabited Countries as far as the Euxine Sea They divide it ordinarily into the Vpper Podolia to the West and the Lower to the East The people are Russians by their Original conquered by the Poles and in the year 1434. admitted to the same Privileges with the rest of Poland by Vladislaus then King of Poland It is fruitful to a wonder yet more accommodated to the life of Beasts than Men. Could it enjoy a steady Peace it should not need to envy the Fertility of Italy or any other Country but being a Frontier against the Turks and Tartars and always exposed to their devouring Incursions it is but meanly inhabited and not much improved In the year 1672. it was yielded to the Turks a part of it has been retrieved since The principal place is Caminieck in the Vpper Podolia the rest are Tzudnow Bratzlaw in the Lower and Orczakow which last is in the hands of the Tartars Poictiers Pictavium Augustoritum Pictava Pictavorum Vrbs a City which is the Capital of the Province of Poictou in France a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Bourdeaux and a celebrated University founded by Charles VII in 1431. It stands upon the River Clain at its Confluence with another small River which there makes a large Lake fourteen Leagues from the Loyre to the South thirty from Saintes to the North and thirty five from Bourges to the West Famous for many Battels sought near it especially that of the Black Prince in the year 1356. In which John King of France was taken Prisoner together with many Lords and two thousand Knights and Esquires Fifty two Lords one thousand seven hundred Knights and Gentlemen were slain of the French Three French Battalions the least of which exceeded the English were intirely routed and in great part destroyed In the Reign of Charles VII King of France whilest the Victorious English were Masters of the Capital of the Kingdom the Parliament of Paris for some years sat here The old Castle by the Gate of S. Lazare is thought to have been the Work of the Romans who built besides an Amphitheatre and other Edisices yet apparent in their remains This City contains twenty four Parishes five Abbeys and divers Monasteries The Episcopal See became famous in the Primitive Times by the Person of S. Hilary Divers Councils have been celebrated at it In one Anno 1075. Berengarius appeared whilst the Doctrine of the Presence in opposition to his was received recognized and established Another under Pope Paschal II. excommunicated Philip I. King of France The Roman Catholicks took Poictiers from the Huguenots and plundered it in 1562. In 1569. the Huguenots under Admiral Coligny besieged it but were forced to rise without success Poictou Pictaviensis Provincia is a large Province in France which was a part of Aquitain whilest under the Romans and called by the Italians Poitu It s greatest extent is from East to West being bounded on the East by Touraine and la Marche on the North by Anjou and Bretagne on the West by the Bay of Aquitain or the British Sea and on the South by Saintonge and Angoulesme This Province was pillaged in the fifth Century by the Vandals Huns and Germans The Romans in the Reign of the Emperour Honorius left it to the Wisigoths whom Clovis the Grand expelled about the year 510. Then from the time of Charlemaigne it was under Sovereign Counts of its own till 1271 when upon a failure of the Line it was united to the Crown of France These Counts had for about nineteen several Successions attained the Title of Dukes of Guyenne Not to omit the the Descent of the Provinces of Guyenne and Poictou upon the Crown of England in 1152. by Eleanour Wise to Henry II. Nor the attempt made in 1242. though without success by Richard Earl of Cornwall Brother to King John to reduce Poictou under the Obedience of England again after the French pretended K. John had forfeited his Rights by the Death of Arthur The principal Towns next Poictiers are Chastelleraud Thouars S. Maxient Fountenay Loudun Niort Parthenay and Richelieu Poissy Pisciacum a Town in the Isle of France which has a Stone Bridge over the Seine six Leagues above Paris to the East S. Lewis King of France was born here in 1215. The heart of King Philip le Bel was interred in a Church here of his own foundation It has divers Religious Houses And in the last Age was more especially famous upon the account of a Conference of Religion betwixt the Roman Catholicks and Huguenots from September 4. 1560. to November 25. held in the presence of Charles IX King of France and Catherine de Medicis the Queen Regent assisted with the Princes of the Blood a great number of Cardinals Bishops Counsellors and Grandees of the Kingdom and Learned Men of both Religions Beza as the Head of the Reformed chiefly managing and bending his utmost force against the Doctrine of the Presence Pola Polia Julia Pietas a City and Colony in Istria mentioned by Strabo and Pliny still called by the same Name being one of the strongest Cities in Istria and a Bishops See under the Patriarch of Aquileja Seated on a Hill near the Shoars of the Adriatick Sea upon which it has a large Haven twenty eight Miles from Parenzo to the South sixty from Trieste and an hundred from Ancona to the North. Said to have been built by the Colchi Now under the States of Venice but small and not much inhabited it having not above seven or eight hundred Inhabitants The Venetians send a Governour however to it who takes the Title of a Count. It has a small Cittadel In the time of the Roman Empire this City as a Free State dedicated a Statue to Severus the Emperour it has several other noble Remains which speak its Greatness and Antiquity as Mr. Wheeler acquaints us in his Travels pag. 5. Long. 37. 00. Lat. 45. 04. Polan Bollia a River of Stiria Polana Monalus a River in the North of Sicily written in Baudrand Polina Poland Polenia is one of the principal Kingdoms in Europe called by the Natives Poloska by the Germans die Polen by the French Pologne by the Spaniards and Italians Polonia by the English Poland A part of the old Salmatia Europaea and has its
worthy of remembrance for its withstanding the repeated furious Assaults of the Turks in the Siege in 1480. Long. 58. 00. Lat. 37. 50. Rhodope See Rulla Rhoetia This ancient Country which some denominate the Western Illyricum was of that extent as to comprehend a part of what we now call the Circles of Schwaben Bavaria and Austria in Germany the Country of the Grisons and something of Switzerland Of which the Grisons who are more properly called the Alpine Rhoetians are the only People at this day retaining the memory of its Name where as one remarks of their Country you have Mountains of Pride and Valleys of Misery See Grisons Rhosne Rodanus one of the most celebrated Rivers in France called by the Germans Der Rogen by the Fronch Rhosne It ariseth from a double Spring in Mount de la Fourch in the Borders of Switzerland two German Miles from the Springs of the Rhein And running Westward through Vallais or Wallisserland it divides that Tract watering Sion or Sitten and Martinach the principal Places in it then entering the Lake of Lemane it divides Savoy from Switzerland five Leagues beneath Geneva saith Baudrand it burieth it self for some time in the Earth as I have often seen Then turning South and dividing Savoy from Bugey at Bellay it becomes great enough to bear a Boat then turning West and dividing Dauphiné from Bugey at la Bresse it entertains the Ain at Lyons it is covered by a Bridge of Stone and improved by the Addition of the Saone a great River here turning South it parts Lyonnis from Dauphiné watereth Vienne and Condrieu divides the Viverais from Dauphiné and salutes Andasse at S. Vallier over against Tournon receives the Isere above Valence beneath it the Erico the Drome and the Ardosche at S. Esprit it is again covered by a noble Stone Bridge so dividing Languedoc from Provence and encreased by the Sorgue it watereth Avignon where there is a third Bridge then receiving in the Durance and the Gardon and watering Beaucaire at Arles it divides into two Branches The Western Branch divides into two more at last it falls into the Mediterrantan Sea by five Mouths each of which has its proper Name to wit Gras du Midi Gras de Paulet Gras d' Enfer Grand Gras and Gras de Passon Some adding thereto Gras Neuf Which Word Gras is understood to be taken from Antoninus's Gradus where he speaks of the Entrance of the Rhosne into the Ocean But there is no Town built upon any of them of any note beneath Arles which stands about eight Miles into the Land This is a rapid River Rian Abravanus a Lake and River in the South-West of Galloway in Scotland of which Cambden saith that they are exceeding full of Herrings and Stone-Fishes Richelieu Richelaeum a City in the Province of Poictou built by the Cardinal of that Name who was born here in 1585 and for some time under Lewis XIII of France governed that Kingdom as he pleased Amongst other of his Actions he built or rebuilt at least this place to perpetuate the Memory of his Name and Family and procured it to be honoured with the Title of a Dukedom It stands four Miles from London to the East five from Mirebeau and one from Tours to the North-West Now in a flourishing State Richensée Verbigenus a Lake in the Canton of Argow in Switzerland Richmond a Town and County in Yorkshire lying on the North West of that County towards Lancashire which bounds it on the West It is a mountainous and desolate Place yet produceth Grass in reasonable quantity This County took its Name from Richmond a Town built by Alane Earl of Bretagne in France the first Earl of this County after the Conquest Nephew to William the Conqueror upon the River Swale over which it hath a Stone Bridge thirty two Miles from York to the North-West and twenty from the Sea to the South-West The Town is indifferently well frequented and populous It was anciently walled and fortified with a Castle by the said Alane for the greater security of these Parts against the English the Gates are still standing but in the midst of the Town its Situation being shifted Before it was thus rebuilt it was called Gilling Oswy King of Northumberland was basely murthered here in 659 ever after reputed a Martyr It is now a Corporation represented by two Burgesses in the House of Commons and containing two Parish Churches in the Hundred of Gillingwest Long. 18. 15. Lat. 55. 17. This Earldom continued in that Family till 1171 when it came to Geofrey Plantagenet the fourth Son of K. Henry II. by the Marriage of Constance Daughter of Conan Duke of Bretagne In 1230. Peter de Dreux was Earl of Richmond one of whose Descendents John de Montford was created Duke of Richmond in 1330 the sixteenth Earl and first Duke to whom in 1342. succeeded John of Gaunt afterwards Duke of Lancaster The twenty second Earl of Richmond was Henry VII King of England The twenty third was Henry Fitz-Roy a Natural Son of Henry VIII The twenty fourth was Lewis Duke of Lenox created Earl of Richmond by King James I. in 1613 and Duke of the same in 1623. Which Family ended in Charles the fourth of that Line who died without Issue Ambassador in Denmark in 1672. In 1675 Charles Lenox was created Duke of Richmond by Charles the Second his Natural Father by the Dutchess of Portsmouth Richmont a Place in Saintonge in France Richmond a Town in Surrey upon the Thames between Kingston and London heretofore called Shene but by Henry VII named Richmond There is an ancient Palace or Royal House in it belonging to the Kings of England in which Edward III. died in 1377. Henry the Seventh rebuilt this Pile twice it being burnt in his Reign and afterwards he died here April 22. 1409. Also Queen Elizabeth of blessed Memory left this World in this place March 24. 1602. And before her Ann Daughter to the Emperor Charles V. and Wife to King Richard II esteemed a very beautiful Lady The Civil Wars in the Reign of King Charles I. left some of its effects upon this Palace This Town stands pleasantly and healthfully upon an easie Ascent fair large well built and well inhabited in the Hundred of Kingston Rickmansworth a Market Town in Hartfordshire in the Hundred of Cashio near the River Coln Ries or Riez Rejus Rejensis Civitas Albecum Rejorum Apollinarium Colonia Rejorum Civitas Regiensium Rogium a City in Provence in France which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Aix from which it stands twelve Miles to the North-East and six from Davignan to the North-West eight from Sisteron to the South little but populous built on a Hill by the River Auvestre which falls into the Verdon S. Hilary Bishop of Arles presided at a Council here in 439 in which Armentarius Bishop of Ambrun ordained by two Bishops only without the Authority of the Metropolitan was therefore
Barkstow upon a small stream falling into the VVarfe and the Ouse at the place of their Conjunction This Town is noted for the Stone-quarries near it well inhabited and provided with a Free-School Shoreham a Market Town in the County of Sussex in Bramber Rape by the Sea side Shrewsbury Salopia the principal City in Shropshire is seated upon the Severne on the top of an Hill of Red Earth in the middle of that County The River runs almost round the Town and is covered by two lovely Bridges Roger of Montgomery in the Reign of VVilliam the Conqueror built on the North side of it a strong Castle which added much to its strength he founded a stately Abbey in it whose remains are extant still It was then a very considerable Place Nor is it after so many Ages sunk in its Wealth Riches or People but still a goodly City and the Centre of the Trade between VVales and England Near this City in 1463 was a sharp Battel fought between Henry IV. and Henry Percie Earl of Northumberland on the behalf of Edward Mortimer Earl of March as the right Heir of the Crown of England after Richard II. In 1067 Roger de Montgomery Earl of Arundel was by the Conqueror created Earl of Shrewsbury His Posterity enjoyed it till 1102 in three descents and then were divested of it In 1442 John Talbot Marshal of France a Person of great Worth and Conduct and the terror of France was by Henry VI made Earl of this City which Honour is enjoyed by his Posterity to this day Charles Talbot the twelfth of this Line succeding in 1667. Shrewsbury contains now five Parish Churches denominates a Lath is encompassed with a strong Wall with a Bulwark that ranges from the Castle to the Severn and is represented in the lower House of Parliament by two Burgesses First supposed to have taken its rise from the ruines of the ancient Vriconium which stood not far from it Shropshire Salopia is bounded on the North by the County Palatine of Chester on the East by Staffordshire on the South by Worcester Hereford and Radnorshires on the West by Montgomery and Denbigh It s length from North to South is thirty four its breadth from East to West twenty five and the circuit about one hundred thirty four English Miles wherein lye one hundred and seventy Parishes and fifteen Market Towns The Air of it is gentle and healthful the Soil rich and fruitful abounding in Wheat Barley Pit-Coals Iron and Wood. The Severne which is the second River of England divides this County almost in the middle receiving into it the Camlet the Morda the Mele the Roddon the Terne the VVorse and some others on the South it has the Temde which receives the Bradfield Onke Omey Quenny Stradbrook Corve Ledwich and Rea all which and some other Rivers water and enrich the South part of this County so that it may very well be one of the most fruitful and best peopled Counties in England The Principal City is Shrewsbury Siam a City and Kingdom beyond the Ganges in the Further East Indies The Kingdom is bounded on the North by the Kingdoms of Pegu and Ava on the East Cambaya Lao Jancoma and Tangu on the South the Bay of its own Name and on the West by the Bay of Bengale making by this form of its situation a Demicircle of about four hundred and fifty Leagues Some assign it a far greater extent and bound it by Pegu and Lao on the North the Chinian and Indian Oceans to the East and West with the Kingdom of Malaca to the South And this way it makes a great Peninsula It is certain the King of Siam keeps several other Kingdoms and Principalities tributary to him and his Country being blessed with a good Air a fertile Soil Mines of Lead Tin Silver and Gold tho of a base Alloy with store of Ivory and being visited continually by Vessels from Japan China Cochinchina Tonquin the Sound and the Philippine Islands from all parts of the Hither East Indies and from Arabia Persia and the Kingdoms of Europe it affords the enjoyment of every thing almost that is valuable Whilst the Sun is in the Northern Signs from March to September the Fields are generally overflown by the Rivers which much contributes to the fertility of them for the Ear of the Rice mounts above the height of the Waters The King of Siam was Master heretofore of Malaca see Malaca Of late himself became a Tributary to the King of Pegu see Pegu. But he is very absolute over and served with the profoundest Adoration by his own Subjects The English French and Dutch have each their Factories in this Kingdom The Portuguese and Armenians Moors and Chinese settle here in great Numbers being allowed dwellings in the City Siam by a Favour not made common to all Nations Siam the City stands in an Island that is formed by the River Menan surpassing in the richness of its Temples most of the proudest Cities in the Indies and its Palace Royal where the King resides built by the River side is of an extent sufficient to denominate a City of it self In 1634 the Dutch built themselves a House in Siam whichâ—is one of the best belonging to their Company in these Indies Siangyang Siangyanum a City in the Province of Huquam in the Kingdom of China The Capital over six other Cities Siara a small City in Brasil upon the North Sea which is the Capital of a Province has a large safe Haven and a Castle but not very populous Under the Portuguese 〈◊〉 a Kingdom under the Great Mogul in the East-Indies towards the Fountains of Ganges and Mount Caucasus betwixt Naugracut and Pitane Siben Sabiona now a Castle only but formerly a City in the County of Tirol and a Bishop's See It is seated upon the River Eysock ten Miles from Brixia whither the Brishoprick is removed to the South-West Siberia a Province of great extent under the Crown of Muscovy towards the river Obb in the Desart Tartary between the Provinces of Condora Legomoria and Permia Some few years since first discovered all covered with uninhabited Woods Marshes and desolate Countries having only a few Inhabitants which have a particular Language of their own and not the use of Bread The Moscovites have of late built the Cities Tobolsk upon the River Yâ—â—im and Siber on the Obb here and united both in one Archbishoprick At the former the Vice Duke under the Grand Duke of Moscovy resides he commands over both Siberia and Samoyeda They have also set up Churches in divers places for the Moscovian Christians Sicambri a People of the ancient Germany placed by most about the now Province of Guelderland in the Vnited Netherlands betwixt the Maes and the Rhine By others upon the banks of the Mayne Strabo calls them Sugambri Ptolemy Synganbri The Bructeri were a part of their Dependents Sichem an ancient City of the Territory of Samaria in Palestine in the
Tribe of Ephraim The same which S. John calls Sychar John 4. 5. standing near the Well where our Saviour discoursed the Samaritan Woman It is mentioned in Abraham's time for the place of his abode Gen. 12 6. Afterwards for the Sepulchre of Joseph and the Inheritance of his children Josh 24. 32. For the Election of Rehoboam King of Israel here by all Israel 2 Chron. 10. 1. and upon other Occasions Now called Naplouse Neapolas and New Samaria The High Priest of the present Samaritans resides at it Sicily Sicilia Sicelia Trinacria Sicania Triquetra a very great Island in the Mediterranean Sea at the South West point of Italy Thought by some Ancients to join originally with Italy as part of the continent and to have been separated from it by the stormy Powers of the Ocean It lies in the form of a vast Triangle from whence some of its names are derived having three great Capes Pelorum now Faro to the North-East towards Italy Pachynus now Passaro towards the Morea and the South-East and Lilybaeum now Cape Coco to the West Threehundred and eighty Miles from the Morea one hundred from Africa one hundred and seventy from Sardinia and from Italy a Mile and a half It s North side is two hundred fifty five Miles its Southern one hundred and ninety and the Western one hundred fifty five as Cluverius saith who measured the whole Island It is now divided into three Counties Val di Domoni to the North Val di Noto to the South and Val di Mazara to the West The ancient Cities of greatest power were Syracusa now Syragosa Panormus Palermo Messina and Messana of which the two last retain their former Dignity The other Cities are Gergenti Calatagirone Catania Cefalu Trapano Mazara Monreal Noto Patti Sacca and Terra Nova It is wonderfully fruitful as to Corn and Wine therefore called by Cato The Granary of the Common-VVealth and Nurse of the People of Rome Abounds also with Cattle Sheep Honey Wine and Oyl In ancient times it had seventy three Free Cities in the time of the second Punick War it had sixty six We have only Fabulous accounts who were the first Inhabitants but certainly the Phoenicians have been here and were expelled by the Greeks who not well agreeing amongst themselves drew over the Carthaginians to their common ruine The Romans followed not long after and in the year of Rome 494 two hundred and fifty six years before the birth of our Saviour made themselves Masters of it it being the first Province they possessed out of the Bounds of Italy In the mean time Dionysius Agathocles Hiero and Pericles advanced themselves to an Absolute Tyranny here by the use they made of their Victories It continued under the Romans till the Reign of Justinian then the Vandals under Gensericus in 439. and 440. for some time became Masters of it who were expelled by Bellisarius in 535. Having been miserably spoiled by the Emperor Constans in 669. it fell into the Hands of the Saracens who plundered it as they did several times after and left it Leandro Alberti faith that in the Division of the Empire between Charles the Great and Nicephorus Emperor of the East about 800. Sicily Calabria and Apulia fell to the Emperor of Constantinople and that it continued under them till the times of Nicephorus Thomas However we find the Saracens in 910. after a great Naval Victory became Masters of Calabria Apulia and Sicily Leandro placeth this in 914 and saith the Greeks had part of Sicily still In 1035. the Saracens were still possessed of part of Sicily but as Leander saith they and the Greeks too were expelled by the Normans in the times of Michael Caliphates who reigned but one year about 1041. and 1042 by Gulielmus Ferebatus and not by Tancred as say others To this William succeeded as Counts of Calabria Roger I. by the Pope created King of Sicily he having taken the Pope Prisoner in the year 1139 William II. William III. and Tancred a Bastard opposed by Pope Celestine III who preferred Costanza a Daughter of Roger II. an ancient Lady a Nun and married her to Henry Son of Frederick Barbarossa and made him King of Sicily to whom succeeded Frederick II. his Son Then followed Manfredus his Natural Son but the Pope set up Charles Duke of Anjou against him in 1263. In 1281. upon Easter-day in time of Vespers whence the name came of the Sicilian Vespers the French were all massacred by the Sicilians by the Order of Peter III. King of Arragon who had married the Daughter of Manfred During this Interval this Crown had been offered to Richard Earl of Cornwal Brother to Henry III. King of England and he refused it From thenceforward it became inseparably united to the Kingdom of Naples and has ever since had the same fate to this day being governed by a Vice-Roy who resides at Palermo the present capital City of it Hoffman saith the Saracens were possessed of Palermo had their Admiral or General there from 827. to 1070 when they were finally expelled by the Normans to whom Pope Nicolas granted this Island on that condition in 1058. So that the Normans might perhaps expell the Greeks in 1042. and the Saracens in 1070. The Inhabitants forced the Spaniards in the year 1647. to recall all their Taxes This Island enjoyeth three Archbishops Sees Palermo Messina and Monreale about six or seven Bishops Sees and one University Catania Aetna is a known Mountain here Sicyon an ancient ruined City of the Peloponnesus of sufficient note in its time The Turks have built Vasilica upon the Ruins of it Sida Side a Maritime City of Pamphylia in the Lesser Asia upon the Mediterranean and the Borders of Isauria Honoured formerly with an Archbishops See In 385. a Council was celebrated at it under Amphilochius Bishop of Iconium Now in a condition of ruine and called diversly Scandalor Candelohora and Chirisonda Sidon See Seyde Sidmouth a Market and Sea-Town in Devonshire in the Hundred of Budley of good account before its Port was choaked up with Sand. Siena Sena Saena Senae a City of Hetruria in Italy of great antiquity and a Roman Colony Seated in the Borders of the Dukedom of Florence thirty two Miles from that City to the South and an hundred and seven from Rome to the North. This City as Polybius saith in his second Book was built by the Gauls in the year of Rome 396. A. M. 3730. after the taking of Rome by Brennus and from the Senones one of their tribes took this Name In the fall of the Roman Empire it suffered very much from the Barbarous Nations and is said to have been rebuilt by Charles Martel The Inhabitants purchased their freedom of Rodolphus the Emperor and managed the same with various successes till 1555 when it was taken by the Spaniard and sold to the Duke of Florence in 1558. under whom it still is In 1459. it was made an Archbishop's See under Pope
Disorder He reserved also the greater Causes to the Determination of the Diet of Poland contrary to the Privilege granted by Casimirus his Predecessor In 1569. Stephanus King of Poland proscrib'd them for taking part with the House of Austria against him which Quarrel was ended by the Mediation of the Neighbouring Princes In 1597. Vladislaus IV. had also some Controversies with this City about their Imposts The Protestant Religion is imbraced here the Roman Catholick tolerated No Man is admitted into the Senate except he be a Luthoran In 1596. the Senate granted the Jesuits the Monastery of S. Bridget and S. Maries Church but the City opposed it so vigorously that three Days after they were forced to recall their Edict In 1657. this City was forced to burn her own Suburbs to prevent their being taken by the Swedes It lies in Long 41. 30. Lat. 54. 20. Danube Danubius Ister is one of the greatest Rivers in Europe and no less celebrated both in Ancient and Modern Story Called Danubius and Ister whence Ovid. lib. 1. de Pont. Stat vetus Vrbs ripae vicina Binominis Istri The upper part next the Fountains was for the most part called the Danube and the lower from Illyricus or Sclavonia the Ister as Pliny saith by the Germans Donaw by the French Danube by the Italians Danubio by the Poles Dunay by the Turks Tunay It ariseth in the County of Bar in Suabia sour German Miles from Freiburgh to the East and nine from Basil to the North-East running North-East it passes by Vlm having received a great many smaller Rivers on both Sides which for Brevity I must omit At Leucy it entereth Bavaria and a little further from the South receiveth the Leck which passeth by Ausprugh and still continuing its Course as far as Regensburgh it then turns and runs more Easterly to the Confines of Austria where at Passaw it entertains the vast River Inn which comes from Inspruck and brings many other with it from hence it goeth to Vienna where it makes an Island then washeth the Walls of Presburgh the Capital of the Vpper Hungary where it divides and makes the Island of Schut at Comora it unites again and goes on to Gran bending its Course more Southerly from whence it passeth to Buda the Capital of all Hungary where it makes two other Islands one above Buda and another a little below Colocza The Sarawitz which comes from Alba-Regalis falls into it from the West then the Drave at Esseck then the Tibiscus a vast River of Vpper Hungary from the East and the Save again on the West by Belgrade which is the first Town of Servia from hence its Course is more East having Moldavia VValachia and Bialogrod on the North Servia and Bulgaria on the South where it makes many Isles and then entereth the Euxine or Black Sea by three great Outlets the two more Northerly being as it were reunited in the very Entry of them into the Sea Dr. Edward Browne in his Travels saith That at Crainburgh not far distant from the Head it appeared a considerable Stream a little after from the City Vlm in Suevia where it beginneth to be Navigable it continues a long Course passing by Ingolstad Ratisbone Straubing Passaw Lintz and Vienna unto Presburgh from whence through Hungary it makes a Course of above three hundred Miles before it passes by Belgrade It drinks in above sixty considerable Rivers and in a sober Account performs a Course of above 1500 Miles from its Rise to its Fall This River has had many Naval Fights upon it between the Turks and Christians At one time there were twenty Galliots eighty small Pinnaces and little less than a hundred Ships of Burthen employed upon it in a Siege of Buda At the Siege of Belgrade Mahomet the Great brought two hundred Ships and Galleys up the Stream the Hungarians sent so many from Buda down the Stream that after a sharp Encounter the Hungarians took twenty and forced the rest on shoar near the Camp so that Mahomet was forced to burn them to prevent their being taken by the Christians This perhaps is more than can be said of any other River in the World It abounds in good Fish as Trouts Perches large and delicious Carps exceeding saith Dr. Browne any I have seen c. some of which is every Year salted and sent into other Parts This River to conclude was for many Ages the Boundary on this Side of the Roman Empire and against the barbarous Nations accordingly the Roman Legions had their Stations upon its Banks they were the Founders of many of the Cities and many memorable Actions in those early Days happened near it sometimes between the Romans themselves and sometimes between them and the Barbarians Danvilliers See Damvilliers Daphne a delightful Village of old in Syria upon the Banks of the River Orontes five Miles from Antioch the Great Where was a large famous Cypress Wood consecrated to Apollo with a Temple to his Honour also and another to Diana and a Spring called the Fountain of Daphne The Romans for some time kept a Legion here till they found their Men effeminated by the Pleasures of the Place Pompey the Great charmed with its Beauty became a Benefactor to it Constantine M. built a House of Pleasure in it in the Year 326. Gallus caused the Body of the Martyr Babylas the Patriarch of Antioch to be transported hither whereupon it is said Apollo surceased his Oracle Julian the Apostate commanded the said Body to be removed in 362. After which the Temple of Apollo was so consumed in a Storm of Thunder and Lightning that in S. Chrysostom's time only one Pillar now nothing is remaining thereof And the Christian Emperors succeeding Julian erected Churches in its Room Darbon Alpheus a River in the middle of the Morea which falls into the Ladon which falls into the Orfea and divides at Pilus one Branch called Illiaco runs West and entereth the Ocean over against Zant the other Alpheo runs South and entereth the Gulph of Arcadia over against the Town of Stroffhad 20 Miles North-West of Arcadia Darby Derby Derbia is both a City and a County in England The County has Nottinghamshire on the East Leicestershire on the South Staffordshire on the West and Yorkshire on the North. The River Derwent divides it into two Parts running North and South and at last falls into Trent which is its Southern Boundary That Part which lies East of Derwent is plain and fruitful the Western Parts are more mountainous and barren but abound in Mines of Lead Iron Coals and afford good Pasture for Sheep In the South-East Part of this County upon the River Derwent lieth the City of Derby which first takes its Name from the River and then lends it to the County A fine rich well-traded City On the East Side it has Derwent covered by a Stone-Bridge on the South it hath a clear Rivolet called Mertenbrook and within it five Parish-Churches Thomas Lord
of Somerset Rochford a Market Town in the County of Essex The Capital of its Hundred Rochitzerbergh Claudius a Mountain in Stiria called by various names Rockingham a Market Town in Northamptonshire in the Hundred of Corby upon the River Weland giving the Title of Baron to the Right Honorable Edward Watson Lord Rockingham to whom belongs the Castle here which hath lost its strength long since Rocroy Rupes Regia a strong Town in Champagne in Retelois in the Borders of Hainault twelve Leagues from Retel to the North four from Mariebourgh to the South Near this Place the Spaniards received a great Defeat from the French under the Duke D'Anguien May 19. 1643. six days after the death of Lewis XIII King of France But afterward the Spaniards took this Town under the Prince of Conde's Conduct in 1653. It is since returned under the Crown of France Rodaun Erodanus a River in Prussia in Poland which riseth out of a Lake twenty five Miles above Dantzick and falling into the Vistula not much above this City a little beneath it enters the Baltick Sea Roden a small River in Shropshire Rodez or Rhodes Segodunum Rhuteni Rutenae Segodunum Retunorum a City of Aquitain the Capital of the County of Rovergne and a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Bourges The Bishop takes the Title of an Earl a great and beautiful City seated upon the River Veronium fifteen Leagues from Mende to the West thirty two from Narbone to the North and twenty two from Cahors to the East A very ancient City and mentioned by Julius Caesar The Goths Saracens and Franks successively ruined it in their times It served heretofore under its own Counts till it became united with the Crown of France in the Person of Henry IV. Roding a Stream in the County of Essex Rodosto Redcestum a City of Thrace which is a Bishops See under the Archbishop of Heraclea it stands upon the Propontis twenty Miles from Heraclea to the South at the foot of an Hill by a Bay of the same name which affords it a convenient and very large Haven so that it is now a Place of considerable Trade and reasonably populous Pliny calls this City Resiston It is beautified with many great Mosques some Grecian Churches and two Synagogues and much frequented by the Merchants of Romania the Sea of Marmora and the Black Sea Roer Rura in Trithemius Rera Adrana a River of Germany called by the French Roure It ariseth in Eifel in the Dukedom of Juliers and watering Juliers and Linnich at Roermonde it falls into the Maes Roermonde Ruremunda a City of the Low Countries in the Province of Guelderland called by the French Ruremonde It stands upon a River of the same name and the Maes having the first to the South of it the second to the West three Leagues from Venlo to the South twelve from Liege to the North Cologne to the West and Wesel to the East Made a Bishops See by Pope Paul IV. under the Archbishop of Mechlin in 1559 he changing its Collegiate Church into a Cathedral and was an Hanse Town till 1635 when it fell into the Hands of the Hollanders from whom it is since recovered by the Spaniards In 1665. it suffered much by a Fire Rohaczow Rohaczovia a considerable Town the Capital of a Territory of the same name in Lithuania upon the Nieper where it takes in the Odrucz twenty Polish Miles from Mohilow to the South and forty from Kiovia to the North. Roham-Thaura Antitaurus a Mountain in the Lesser Armenia which lies to the North of the Great Taurus between the Euphrates and the Arsanius separated from the said great Mountain and therefore by the Ancients called Antitaurus In the Valleys beneath it stands the City of Comdna now called Tabachasa Roia Rodium a City of France in the Province of Picardy upon the River Auvergne in the Territory of Santerre four Leagues from Noyon to the West nine from Amiens and seven from Compeigne to the North. A small City but populous Roll-rich-stones a Monument of vast unwrought Stones circularly set near Ensham in Oxfordshire supposed to have been erected in Commemoration of some great Victory in ancient Times Rom one of the Names of the Lesser Asia Rom Roma a small Island in the Baltick Sea upon the Coast of the Dukedom of Sleswick about two English Miles from the Shoar under the King of Denmark Romagna Romandiola a great Province in Italy in the States of the Church of old called Aemilia Regio Bounded on the West by Bononia on the North by the Dukedom of Ferrara on the South by the Dukedom of Vrbino and on the East by the Adriatick Sea a small part of it towards the Appennine is subject to the Duke of Florence and therefore called Romandiola Florentina The rest which is the far greatest part is under the Pope as a Temporal Prince The principal Places in it are Ravenna the Capital Faenza Imola Forli Bertinoro Rimini Cervia Cesena Sarsina and some others Romania the same with Thrace Romania Argia the Eastern Province of the Morea the Capital of which is Napoli di Romania The other Places are of small importance Romans Romantium Romanis a spruce fine City in Dauphine in France seated in a pleasant Plain upon the River Iseure over which it has a Bridge four Leagues from Valence to the South-East toward Grenoble ten Miles and the same distance from Vienne to the South It is thought to represent Jerusalem in its Situation and Figure insomuch that in 1520. there was a Building added to it made in the fashion of the Holy Sepulchre that stands upon Mount Calvary Francis I. King of France himself laying the first Stone And also a Convent founded under the Name of the House of Mount Calvary now in the possession of the Recollects but first given to the Religious of the Order of S. Francis The Huguenots sacked and ruined this City in 1562. It has been often taken and retaken in the Civil Wars Rome Roma the Capital City of Italy once the Sovereign and Mistriss of the whole World the more immediate Capital now of Campagna di Roma The Emperour Commodus desired to fasten his own Name upon it by calling it Commodiana as a Gothish King called it Gothia and other Princes the like But the Name of Rome still has been always preserved by it This City is seated upon the Tyber twelve Miles above its fall into the Tyrrhenian Sea to the North-East one hundred and twenty from Naples to the North three hundred from Genoua to South one hundred thirty five from Ancona and one hundred and forty from Florence Long. 36. 30. Lat. 40. 40. Though there are great Controversies concerning the Time and the Founder of it yet the most received opinion is that it was built by Romulus and Remus in the first year of the seventh Olympiad Anno Mundi 3198. seven hundred and fifty years before the Birth of our Saviour Its Foundations were small and