Prisoners and a hot skirmish hapned between the Kings party and Essex's men near Causum Bridge wherein the former was worsted and obliged to retâ—â—â—t with some loss and in May divers sâ—â—â—mishes with various success hapned in the West between Sir Ralph Hopton who commanded there for the King and Sir Geo. Chudleige for the Parliament though the former for the most part had the advantage nor did Hostilities cease in other parts for in June divers skirmishes hapned between Prince Rupert and Essex the most material of which was in Chalgrave-field in Oxford-shire where the Prince furiously charging a body of the Parliament Horse routed it killing and wounding a great part of the Enemy and amongst the latter John Hambden who soon after dyed of his Wound as did some others and on the fifth of July Sir Ralph Hopton with a few Forces of the Kings under his Command engaged Sir William Waller who had double his number maintaining the fight from two in the Afternoon till about one the next Morning whereupon Waller perceiving him resolved to obtain the Victory or dye in the place left the field yet soon after being ashamed of the retreat he followed Sir Ralph to the Devises in Wilt-shire whither he was marched with a Resolution to set upon him of which the King having notice sent 1500 Horse from Oxford where he lay encamped to his assistance but upon the Comjunction Waller not thinking it convenient to try the event in that place drew off to Roundway-down but being hotly charged he was in a short time broken and disordered whereupon with his Horse he fled in great Confusion leaving his foot to the mercy of the Royallists who were most of them slain in the fight or taken Prisoners together with four pieces of Cannon all the Amunition and Baggage nine Cornets and 28 foot Colours so that by this fatal blow given on the 13th of July Waller having lost his Army most of the Horse deserting him in his flight he hasted to London with the lamentable story of his defeat Essex by this time with a powerful Army having relieved Glocester and surprized a Convoy of the Kings which fell into his hands through mistake marched to Newberry where the King remained as yet with his Army and had prepared to receive him in the best order the short time of notice would give leave or opportunity so that on the 20th of September 1643 both Armies confronting each other the charge was immediately sounded and seconded by the thundring of the Cannon and Vollies of small shot on either side whilst Prince Rupert with his Squadron forced the main battel and put it into great disorder but whilst he pursued his good fortune he found himself charged by two squadrons of Horse that descended from the Hill where till now they had been posted so that the fight was doubtful and bloody on all parts it being in many places brought to the Sword so that the Lord Jermin who commanded there a Regiment of horse for the King being over charged by number was obliged to force his way not without great hazard through the Battalions of foot yet was the fight maintained with considerable slaughter on either part till Night put an end to the fury both Armies keeping the field till the next day and then retired from each other as by consent The Persons of Note slain were the Earls of Carnarvan and Sunderland the Lord Viscount Faulkland and in all on both sides near six thousand In March Sir Thomas Fairfax and Mitton were set upon by Prince Rupert at Drayton in Shropshire and routed as likewise was Sir John Meldrum who had entred England with his Scotch Forces in favour of the Parliament forced to leave Newark which they had besieged with the loss of their Canon Ammunition and all their Baggage which was Relieved by Prince Rupert and only permitted to depart with their Lives But now Sir William Waller having gotten another Army Anno 1644 fell upon the Lord Hopton's Forces near Winchester at unawares and over-pow'ring him in number cut off divers of his men and obliged him to leave the field whereupon Winchester surrendred but Waller was soon after overthrown by the King's forces at Crop-ready Bridg and Essex with the gross of the Parliament Army blocked up in Cornwall and now the Earl of Newcastle being besieged in York Prince Rupert advanced with an Army of Horse and Foot to Relieve the City upon whose approach the Besiegers drew off and were upon their retreat hotly pressed and charged by a Sally from the Town when the Garrison under the command of the Earl joyning with the Prince they with conjunct Forces followed the Parliament forces to a place called Marston-Moor where both Armies drew up and with great sury joyned battel which continuing with much effusion of bloud for the space of four hours victory in the end declared against the Royalists and in this fight called by many the bloudy fight of Marston-Moor 9000 men on both sides are computed to be slain after which battel York surrendred and almost all the Towns in the North so that for a while nothing but Skirmishes happened But on the 27 of October both Armies meeting a second time near Newbury an obstinate fight ensued but the Royalists having done all that could be expected from true valour and still oppressed with fresh numbers of the Enemy were forced in the end to give way to necessity and leave the field in some disorder nor is it guessed that on both sides less than 4500 were slain after which nothing more happened in England this year but the skirmishing of Parties and taking of Towns and Castles but in Scotland the Marquess of Montross with inconsiderable forces raised by virtue of a Commission from the King routed divers Armies of the Covenanters putting all Scotland in fear of being Reduced to its obedience by his Prowess Anno 1645 Essex having laid down his Commission it was taken up by Sir Thomas Fairfax and Cromwel was made Lieutenant General most of the prime Officers of the Army being changed yet the King's party strugled strongly for the Royal cause though many finding things in a manner desperate had retired from the Army and passed the Seas for besides divers skirmishes Collonel Massey in April was routed by Prince Rupert at Lidbury with considerable loss But in June following the King's forces were defeated at Langport where about 200 were slain and 1400 taken Prisoners which occasioned soon after the surrender of Pomfret Scarborough Bath and Bridgwater yet in August the Parliaments Quarters with some slaughter on both parts were beaten up about Tame and the Scots defeated at Kielsieth in Scotland by Montross and in September Montross was defeated at Phillipphaugh in the said Kingdom and the King's forces in England were Routed on Routon heath near Chester and in October the Lord Digby was likewise defeated at Sherborn in the County of York and in March following the Lord Ashley was
Scots entered England as far as Durham when King Edward preparing to meet them marched to York and there making a halt sent the Lord Montacute to oppose and hinder their further Progress but being encountered on Hedgly Moor by the Lords Hungerford and Ross together with Sir Ralph Peircey he after a sharp dispute took Sir Ralph Prisoner which success incouraged him to pass on and give battel to King Henry who lay encamped at Hexam where both Armies striving to do their utmost devoir a bloody conflict ensued but many being slain and much blood spilt divers of the Commanders wounded and disabled and taken Prisoners Victory declared against King Henry who finding himself unfortunate in War fled into Scotland in this battel 5600 were slain and the Duke of Somerset with three other Lords and one Knight taken Prisoners who were all beheaded And now King Henry returning privately into England in disguise was taken Prisoner and carried to the Tower so that Edward seem'd established in his Throne yet Fate not satisfied with English Blood though the wounded Nation had bled such Streams as made her faint and languish another cruel War arose and the Factions began again to bandy as fierce as ever for Warwick who was called afterwards the make King of those Times being sent to solicite a Marriage between King Edward and the Lady Bona Daughter to Lewis Duke of Savoy and having finished his Negotiation to the liking of the Lady and her Father found upon his return thaâ— the King was married to Elizabeth the Widdow of Sir John Gray slain in upholding the Cause of King Henry at which the Eatâ— supposing his Honour that had been ingaged in the Savoiards Court greatly to suffer grew much inraged and finding mean to withdraw himself joyned with diver Nobles raised a Power and proclaimeâ— King Henry declaring for him and epousing his Interest growing on a suddeâ— so strong that King Edward was forced tâ— draw out his Army and march against him pitching his Camp at Wolney four Milâ— from the Plain on which Warwick was encamped but his Guards being negligent and the Earl having notice thereof entereâ— the Kings Camp and took him Prisoner yeâ— used him very courteously allowing him for his Keeper his Brother George Nevilâ— Arch-Bishop of York who suffering him tâ— ride abroad a hunting and to follow otheâ— Recreations till one day being with a slender Guard far from the Castle and meeting a great Troop of his own Men those thaâ— were with him durst not speak to him 〈◊〉 returning to his Confinement but were glaâ— to leave him behind them and escape for their Lives so that being again at Liberty he was received by his Army with great Joy and passed to London to the great discontent and dislike of the Earl of Warwick Things being at this pass Sir Robert Wells Son to the Lord Wells raised an Army of 30000 consisting mostly of the Commons of Lincolnshire on the behalf of King Henry in revenge of which King Edward caused the Lord Wells and Sir Thomas Dimmock his Kinsman to be beheaded and so marched to fight Sir Robert when charging furiously upon the unexperienced Plebeans they scarcely sustained the second shock but throwing away their Coats and Weapons fled for their Lives from whence it was called the Battel of Loose-Coat-Field and the Execution â—eing hotly pursued by the inraged Soulâ—iers 10000 of them are accounted to be â—ain As for Sir Robert Wells and Sir Thomas Deland who commanded under him â—hey were taken Prisoners Upon the News of this Defeat the Earl of Warwick and the Duke of Clarence Brother to King Edward â—ed to Callais but being denied entrance â—hey departed thence to the Court of France where they found Queen Margaret where gathering great Forces they returned to England every where proclaiming King Henry so that the People from all parts hasted to their Standart as well the Nobles as the Commons viz. the Earl of Pembrook the Lord Faulconberg and others so that marching towards London and King Edward finding his Mandates in many places disobey'd thought it not convenient in that juncture to attend the Sequel but with divers of his trusty Friends leâ—â— England and fled to his Brother-in-Law the Duke of Burgundy who had a little before married his Sister so that King Henry waâ— Re-in-throned but continued not long iâ— that Estate before King Edward returned landing in the North with a small Army proclaiming King Henry as he passed and pretending he came only as a private maâ— to possess himself of his Inheritance bâ— which means deceiving the People hâ— surprized the City of York and having garrisoned it pulled off the Vizor and marched towards London reconciling himself by the way thro' the means of a Maiâ— who had been brought up by the old Dutches of York to his Brother the Duke of Clâ—rence whereupon the Citizens opening their Gates and every where proclaiming him King Henry was again taken Prisoner anâ— send to the Tower and now the whole weight of the War lying upon Warwicks shoulders he desperately resolved to carry the day or fighting courageously dye in the Bed of Honour and thereupon directed his March towards London out of which King Edward drew his Forces to meet him and on Easter Day joyned Battel near Barnet since known by the Battel of Barnet-field where either of the Generals impatient of so tedious a War drew on their Forces with great force and fury Warwick charging upon the Kings Squadron broke in with his Sword and made such Distruction that they fled on that part and the Battel had gone on his side had there not been a mistake in part of his Men who by mistaking their Cognizances charged upon their fellows which making them suspect some Treason or sudden Revolt they threw down their Weapons and fled which Warwick perceiving and not finding it in his power to retain them or restore the Battel though he laboured by Example and Perswasion to do it resolving not to out-live the day â—he rushed furiously amongst the Squadrons of the Enemy and there fighting valiantly fell upon the heaps of the slain and with him died his Brother the Lord Montacute and three other Lords were slain on the part of King Edward and of the meaner sort on both sides 20000. The News of this defeat made known to Queen Margaret and Prince Edward her Son by such as fled the field she took Sanctuary in the Abby of Ceerne but the Lords that escaped the Battel of Barnet rallying their scattered Forces gave King Edward another Battel at Tewxbury in which they were overthrown with the loss of 3000 men and of Note the Earl of Devonshire and the Duke of Somerset's Brother there likewise Prince Edward was taken and soon after stabbed by Crook-back'd Richard Duke of Glocester in the Presence of King Edward and soon after King Henry was murthered and his Queen taken from Sanctuary and put to a great Ransom Thus stop'd the Stream of Blood
And now a King being wanting that good Order might be maintained the Princes in full Assembly proposed that Honour to Robert Duke of Normandy but he having notice of his Brothers death declin'd it as being desirous to return and take possession of his Kingdom of England though he afterward found it prepossessed by his younger Brother Henry nor long was it e're he deprived him of his Dutchy of Normandy and finally of his life by putting out his Eyes which many attributed as a Judgement for refusing the profferâ—d Scepter of Jerusalem but upon this refusal Godfry of Bulloin Duke of Lorrain was unanimously chosen King yet refused to be crowned with a golden Crown where his Saviour for the Salvation of Mankind had sometimes worn a Crown of Thorns And although an Army of an 100000 Turks and Sarazens advanced to recover the City yet the Princes drawing out their strength gave them Battel with so fearful an overthrow that all the Hills and Plains for the space of nine miles were covered with the bodies of the slain and so Jerusalem with other exceeding large Territories continued in the Possession of the European Christians during the Reign of nine Kings and for the space of an 100 Years when through their own Dissentions it was lost to Salladine the Sultan of Aegypt Thus Fame and Piety drew Arms from far And made proud Asia reel with heavy War Whilst Christian Faith 's regrafted on the stem Where it first flourish'd great Jerusalem Whilst Jacob's Heritage the Promis'd Land Do's find her Scepter in a Christian hand A Description of the Famous Battel fought near Cressy between the English under the Leading of Edward the Black Prince and the French under the Leading of Philip their King c. KING Edward the third of England having in the right of his Mother laid claim to the Crown of France and the French opposing to it their Salique Law by which the Heirs Female are disabled from governing he rais'd a powerful Army to gain by the Sword that Right which was deny'd him by a pretended Law made to exclude the Daughters of France c. taking upon him the Title of King of France Quartering the Arms of that Kingdom with those of England which have so continued from that day and landing in the North parts he wasted the Country with Fire and Sword as far as Turwin defeating such Forces as came to oppose him and reduced many Towns to his Obedience soon after destroying their Fleet of 400 Sail of Ships and in it 30000 men many of them of the prime Nobility but still being refused to be invested in the possession of the Kingdom having refreshed himself in England and settled his Affairs levied an Army of 32500 Horse and Foot with which he repassed the Seas and brought such a terror upon the French that many great Towns were abandoned without resistance which obliged Philip the French King to raise the whole power of his Country consisting of 100000 Horse and Foot the Flower of France c. and with them advanced by hasty marches to give the English battel or to oblige them to retire of which King Edward having notice by his Espials caused his Horsemen to quit their Horses and marshal'd his Army on foot in three Battalions the chief of which himself retained as a reserve mostly composed of men at Arms and the other two under the leading of the Black Prince his Son and divers Nobles he caused to advance into the Plain where the French coming on with great Fury as not expecting but to obtain the Victory were received in the front by the Avaunt-guard of the Men at Arms whilst the wings of Archers sent showers of Arrows amongst them which gauling their squadrons of Horse in the flank put them into great disorder at which the French Commanders of the Horse growing impatient broke through their own foot and made a strong effort upon the Princes Battel by continually pressing on with fresh men which made the Lords who guarded the Prince send to the King entreating him to advance with his battel to their Succour To which he returned answer That he designed the Glory of the day to his Son and that whilst he was alive they must not expect any Succour from him but fight valiantly to win Honour and Renown which Answer so animated the English that they fought more desperate than ever insomuch that the French Horse being in confusion by the goaring of Pikes and the shot of Arrows and the Foot not able to relieve them the men at Arms brake in with such fury and in a firm battel piercing their squadrons that they could find no place of retreat or rally so that the other Battalion charging in the flank and the Archers still delivering their Arrows with great Celerity Victory declared on the part of the English whilst nothing but flight and slaughter ensued on the part of the French insomuch that in six hours space the field was heaped with the bodies of the slain and nothing was heard so loud as the Crys of the dying men whilst happy was he that could escape the Swords of his fierce Pursuers In this battel were slain the Kings of Navar and Bohemia two Princes of the blood seven Earls and 15000 Barons Knights and men at Arms with not less than 30000 of-lesser note besides a great number taken Prisoners and many of those of the first rank which were afterwards put to their ransoms The battel being entirely won the King and Prince marched to Calais and besieged it when as the Governour having capitulated for some time and the attempts to relieve it proving unsuccessful he surrendred it to the King who placed an English Colony therein and whilst this War lasted David King of Scotland taking part with the French and invading England in the absence of the King was defeated near Durham and himself taken Prisoner by one Copland most of his Army being slain and was after eleven years imprisonment redeemed at 100000 Marks nor was Prince Edward less victorious in a second battel fought between him and John the French King Son to the foremention'd Philip who came against him with 100000 Horse and Foot or as some will have it 130000 in which battel fought near Poâ—tus there were slain fifty two Noble men most of them Dukes and Earls 1700 Knights and Esquires and 16000 common Souldiers the King himself together with Philip the Dauphin one Arch-Bishop ten Earls and about 200 Knights and Esquires were taken Prisoners besides a great number of lesser note though here the French were three to one in the Field Thus England's Antient Glory rais'd by Arms The World through Fame's loud breathing Trumpet charms And this Memorial through all Lands does spread That no Land has more valiant Hero 's bred A Relation of the fatal Battel fought on the Plains of Cossovia between Amurath the first King of the Turks and the Despot of Servia in League with divers other Christian Princes
York and the Earl of Worcester Thus Haughty France drunk with her Blood did reel And fell before a Conquering Monarchs Steel Thus in old Days kind Heav'n for England fought And Mighty Realms to her Subjection brought A Description of the Glorious Battel and chievements of the Mighty Scanderbeg King of Epirus being an Account of his many Victories over the Turks under the leading of Amurath the Second King of that Name c. AMurath the Second Turkish King of that Name by the many Conquests he had made growing dreadful to the lesser Princes divers of them conditioned to become his Tributaries and amongst others John Castriot Prince of Epirus for the due Observance of which he gave his four Sons as Hostages viz. George after named by the Turks Scanderbeg Stamsius Reposius and Constantine Amurath promising well and honourably to intreat them yet he had no sooner gotten them into his Possession but he caused them to be circumcised and to be instructed in the Mahometan Superstition poisoning upon a Jealosie of their intending to escape all but the first and after the Fathers Death seized contrary to his Promise upon the Kingdom of Epirus which not a little grieving George Castriot or Scanderbeg whose Right it was he sought 〈◊〉 ways to escape but the crafty Turk 〈◊〉 watchful Eye over him intending at 〈◊〉 times to put him to death but by 〈◊〉 â—eans or other was as often prevented 〈…〉 being at length made a Commander in the Turkish Army against the Hungarians and that Army with a fearful slaughter overthrown by the Great Huniades on the Plains of Moravia he then thought it the best time to escape and fly the Turkish Servitude whereupon taking with him Amurath's Secretary with divers of his trusty Friends he led him into a large Wood and there compelled him to write in his Masters Name to the Governour of Croija the chief City of Epirus as also to sign it with his Signet to the intent that he might deliver him up his Charge which accordingly he did and then having secured him from making any Relation thereof he posted thither and had it upon the sight of those Letters surrendred at what time sending for Prince Amasa his Kinsman Moses an expert Captain and divers others he acquainted them with the purpose he had to deliver his Country from the Turkish Tyranny who approving his undertaking his Subjects frequently resorted to him so that he became very powerful and divers Cities revolting from the Turks put themselves under his Protection as Stelusia Petra Alba Petrolla so that with a great Power he entred Macedonia and laid those Countries that were under the Turkish Sovereignty waste at which unexpected News Amurath being greatly alarmed sent 40000 of his best Souldiers under the leading of Alis Bassa to surprize him but Scanderbeg retiring into Epirus gave him battel with no more than 6000 Men and after a sharp dispute overthrew him with the slaughter of 22000 of his Men not losing above 300 of his own carrying in a manner the battel with his Prowess for charging the Turkish squadrons he broke through beating down all with an irresistible force that stood before him so that his men following him had little to do but to slaughter the routed and amazed Turks After which Amurath sent Mustapha Bassa with a great Army to waste Epirus who was by Scanderbeg overthrown and himself taken Prisoner These overthrows so enraged Amurath that raising a mighty Power he came in Person promising great Rewards to those that could bring Scanderbeg's Head and so besieged Sfetigrade but although he batter'd it incessantly with his Cannon and made frequent Assaults with the loss of 20000 of his best men it was so resolutely defended by the Governour who would not be corrupted by any offers of Gold that he despaired with his huge Army to win it and fearing by the Sallies of the besieged and the frequent Assaults Scanderbeg made with his flying Army by breaking into one quarter or other of his Camp that his multitude being consumed he should be obliged to return with disgrace he in the end indented for a Sum of Money in hand and a larger quantity when it should be effected with an inconsiderable Fellow by Occupation a Smith to cause the City to be surrendered which he brought to pass in the following manner The City of Sfetigrade by most held impregnable being scituate upon a Rock and for that Reason affording but one Well or main Spring which in abundance furnished the Citizens and Souldiers into this Well in the Night-time the Traitor cast the stinking putrefied Carcass of a Dog that had lain a long time in the Streets which being found and drawn thence the next Morning as likewise noised throughout the City as well the Citizens as Souldiers refused any more to drink of it nor could the Governour with all his Perswasions and Intreaties oblige them to it though himself to convince them of the wholsomness of the Water drank often in their sight but they rather chose to undergo the worst Extremities of Thirst by which means many of them died so that the Governour through this Nicety of his Souldiers not finding the City tenable was obliged to capitulate and marching out with Bag and Baggage was conducted to Scanderbegs Army and he by whose Treachery the City fell into the Hands of the Turks being for a while seemingly carress'd was in the end secretly made away yet upon Amurath's return Scanderbeg fell upon the Rear of his Army and cut off 3000 of his Men. The year following Amurath returned with a greater Army and besieged Croija the chief City of Epirus but losing under its Walls without success 30000 men and despairing notwithstanding to win it he died in his Tent Anno 1450. leaving his Son Mahomet to succeed him in his Empire charging him to be revenged of Scanderbeg with whom his Armies under the leading of divers Bassa's fought many bloody Battels but were always worsted by the invincible Prince even with a handful of men his Force and Courage being such that he often with his own hand turned the Scale of Victory when it was inclining to his Enemies nor could the Corruption of his great Captains with vast Sums of Turkish Gold alter his Fortune so that having stood twenty four years the Champion and Bulwork of Christendom he at last died in Peace at Lyssa which Town nine years after his Death being taken by the Turks they opened his Sepulchre and took thence his bones for which they had such a Veneration that happy was he that could get the smallest piece of them which being got they counted of great Value and wore it about them as an inestimable Jewel fancying that ever after Scanderbeg's Fortune would attend them Thus di'd the Hero far Renown'd in Arms Whose very Name the Globe with Wonder charms No Pow'r from him could take the Laureat Prize Till All-subduing Death seal'd up his Eye And lay'd him up till he
when drain'd near dry Thus our Pharsalia England's Tragedy Was Acted in a bloody Scene till Death With slaughter tir'd was almost out of breath What Lands what Kingdoms might our men have â—ane With that Bloods loss which Civil hands have drawn Such Pow'rs united as our Fields distain'd By Conquering on vast Empires might have gain'd Have overset bold Ott'mans Rising Throne And seen his Conquests far beneath their own A Description of the Battel of Bosworth-field fought between Richard the Third King of England and Henry Earl of Richmond known afterward by the Title of King Henry the Seventh c. AFter the Death of Edward the Fourth Richard Plantagenet Duke of Glocester having caused his two Nephews to be murthered usurped the Throne endeavouring to establish himself therein as he had first acquired it viz. by blood so that greatly oppressing his Subjects and especially the Nobility as also causing Queen Ann his Wife secretly to be made away that he might marry Elizabeth his Neece Daughter to his Brother King Edward the Fourth divers conspired against him and amongst the rest the Duke of Buckingham who had been the main Instrument in helping him into the Throne but raising Forces and being unsuccessful in his attempt his men flying and leaving him to shift for himself he resorted to the House of one Banister who had been his Steward and had got a good Estate under him where for a time he secured himself in disguise to attend his better fortune though it proved otherwise for King Richard seting 1000 l. upon his head the same Banister in whom he confided discovered him to the Sherif of the County who seizing upon him in the Disguise or Habit of a Gardiner carried him to Salisbury where by the Command of the King without Arraignment or Tryal he was beheaded And now by a secret Contract the Earl of Richmond being betroth'd to the Lady Elizabeth Eldest Daughter to Edward the Fourth after having escaped many Dangers beyond the Scas and his Faction being strong in England prepares with such an Army as he could well gather by the favour of the Duke of Brittany and increased by such English as fled to him for fear of the Usurper for England and landed at Milford-Haven his Retinue not exceeding 2000 but was soon increased to a far greater number by those that daily came to joyn him which made King Richard advance with his Army to oppose him and pitched his Tents at Radmore near Bosworth in Leicestershire and both Armies being drawn up in Battalia the Lord Stanly with a great Detachment kept aloof on the Hills and the King suspecting he intended to revolt from him to his Enemy sent to him to advance but he refused saying he would do it when he saw his time whereupon King Richard in a great Rage commanded his Son whom he had in Hostage for the Fathers Fidelity instantly to be beheaded but was by some of his Favorites perswaded to defer it till the Battel was over by which means the young man escaped for both Armies joyning with great fury a bloody and doubtful fight ensued so that for a long time the Scale of Victory hung in an equal poise King Richard commanding and fighting courageously in all parts but the Lord Stanly when both Armies had tried their Strengths and were weary with fighting coming in with his fresh men bore down all before him so that King Richard perceiving the Fortune of the War to go against him like a man in despair resolving not to survive it charged with great fury amongst the thickest Squadrons and having killed and beaten down many was at length over-pow'red and himself slain falling upon heaps of his Enemies his Crown was afterward found in a Hawthorn-bush and himself stripped naked was carried all bloody upon a Horse to Leicester and there buried in the Grey-Friars with much Solemnity after its being exposed two days to the People In this Battel called the Battel of Bosworth-field 6000 men on either side were slain and amongst them divers of Note And now the Earl of Richmond being Crowned in the Field marched to London and soon after solemnly married the Lady Elizabeth joyning the Houses of Lancaster and York he being the Heir of the one and she the Heiress of the other And so the Discord to soft Concord yields That with the Bones o' th' slain made white the Fields Dividing Friends in an unfriendly Jar Rending the tor'ring State with Impious War Whilst Father against Son Brothers with Brothers fight Not caring who was wrong or who was right But smeer'd with Blood in Cruelty delight Being emulous who most cou'd vent his Rage Such is the fate when Civil Arms ingage A description of the Battel of Seminara fought in the Kingdom of Naples between King Ferdinand then intituled to that Kingdom and the Great Gonsalves Caâ—tain of the Spaniards on the one part and the Lords Obignny and Persive for Charles the French King on the other part Anno 1495. CHarles the French King victorious in Italy having won many strong Places and Countries and amongst the rest the Rich and Fertile Kingdom of Naples Ferdinand in whose right it was raising an Army of Spaniards Sicilians Italians c. and entred the Provinces the French had a little before brought to their Subjection in order to recover them advancing as far as the Country of Seminara to oppose whom the Lord Obignny Governour of Calabria for the French King and the Lord Persive Governour of Bosilicula marched with their united Forces from their appointed Rendezvous at Terranova to Seminara to fight the King or besiege him in the Town who knowing nothing of their Conjunction and ignorant of their number issued out of the Town upon news of their approach to give them Battel not staying for the Troops he expected from Puglia Campagnia and Arbuzzo though Gonsalves counted the expertest Captain of his Age laboured to disswade him from fight for being in the flower of Youth and height of his Spirit he rather strove to expose his Valour than hearken to good Counsel and so having made an excellent Speech or Oration to animate the Captains and Souldiers to do their utmost he marched towards Terranova three miles along the Hills and coming to the River lodged his Foot on the left Bank and his Horse-men he stretched on the right to serve for a Wing and so continued to expect the Enemy By this time the French and Switzers came in sight and Obignny cast the latter into a firm Battalion placing the Foot raised in Calabria behind them as a Battel of Succour dividing the Squadron of Horse between them being Men at Arms and in the same order the light Horse-men and so in a square Battel they pass d the River whereupon the Spanish Horse advanced to oppose them but being hotly charged by the thick Battalion of the French in the Advaunt-guard after many of them were beaten down and slain the rest were obliged to retire by
the Duke finding the Day lost used what Industry he could to make an orderly retreat into the Neighbouring Wood but by reason his Array was broken the Imperialists entered with him making great slaughter of his men and pressed so furiously upon him that although he stoutly defended himself yet at length he was taken Prisoner by Hippalito a Venetian and disarmed as likewise were a great number of his men and some prime Commanders In this Battel 2000 foot were slain as likewise 800 Horsemen and 700 wounded on the part of the Saxons but of the Germans the slain exceeded not 500 there were likewise taken 42 Ensigns with all the Plate Jewels Baggage and Furniture of the Camp though the Saxons made a kind of a marching or running fight for the space of fifteen miles in all continuing about eight hours and after this Victory all the Country of Saxony submitted to the Emperours Pleasure as soon after did most of the other Estates and Principalities that combined to withstand and oppose him Thus Saxony in her own Confines prest Through one great loss is many years distrest Labâ—ring with War till Peace at last gave rest A Description of the Memorable battel of Muscle-borough-field fought in Scotland between Edward Seimour Duke of Somerset and James Hamilton Earl of Arran Regents of England and Scotland Anno 1547. A Great difference arising between the two Nations upon the Scots refusing as it had been agreed upon in the days of Henry the Eighth to give their young Queen Mary sole Heiress to the Crown of Scotland to Edward the Sixth King of England c. The English under the leading of the Duke of Somerset and other Nobles entered that Kingdom resolving by War to prosecute them for their Obstinacy and oblige them if possible to the performance of what they without any Colour or Reason had refused whereupon on the third of September Anno 1547 the Lord Regent passed the Tweed with an Army consisting of 10000 foot of which 600 were Harquibuses 4000 men at Arms and Demilances with 2000 light Horse-men of whom 200 were Harquibusiers mounted and 1300 Pioneers the Train of Artillery consisting of fifteen great pieces besides a Fleet of sixty five Vessels whereof a great Gally and thirty four Ships were well appointed for War the rest being Victuallers and Tenders and on the ninth of September incamped within two Miles of the Scotish Army under the command of the Earl of Arran who the next Morning dislodged as likewise did the English and advanced towards each other though the former had but a bad welcome for some of the English Ships riding at Anchor in the River let flye so soon as they came within reach of their shot and killed a Captain together with twenty five Souldiers which made the Battalion of Archers commanded by the Earl of Argyle retreat nor could they be perswaded to advance which made the whole Army change the intended course by marching more Southwardly nor stayed they till they had possessed themselves of the Hill called Fauxside-Bray which made the duke of Somerset the English General send some Troops thither to secure the Hill it being of great advantage to those that possessed it and so successful was he therein that he procured in a short time several pieces of Cannon to be mounted thereon which afterward proved very serviceable in battering the Enemies Ranks and in the Emergency the Council debated on Horse-back what was to be done as not having liesure otherways to do it and came to result this viz. that the Lord Grey of Wilton Marshal of the Army and Captain General of all the Horse-men should with his band of Bulloiners and other Troops to the number of 1800 Horse-men advance to charge the Enemy in the Front whilst Sir Ralph Vane and Sir Thomas Darcy Captains of the Pentioners and Men at Arms together with the Lord Fitz-Walter and his band of Demilances to the number of 1600 should be ready to support him that so by a furious charge they might break or disorder the thick front of the Enemies Pikes and although this was a hazardous undertaking yet the Captains disputed not the Order only the Lord Grey desired the General that if he should miscarry in the Enterprize he would be good to his Wife and Children and so taking leave he advanced to meet the Scots who with no less speed came on in so thick a Wedge that it appeared very difficult if not impossible to pierce their Array for the Earl of Angues who commanded the Vaunt-guard had in his Battel 8000 Men and four or five pieces of Cannon which served as a flank on his Right and on his Left he had 400 Horse men and was supported with 10000 Highlanders and in the Rear-ward was the Earl of Huntly with 8000 Scots and 4000 Irish Archers who served as a Wing unto them both being furnished likewise with Ordnance as in the other battel nor was this all for the English had the difficulty of a great Slough or miry Ditch to struggle with in their Passage which not only obliged them to break their Ranks but mited divers of them that were not skilled in leaping yet surmounting these they came to a furious charge insomuch that although at the first onset the battel was not broken yet it swaied and gave back to Admiration so that the English gained Ground apace but the Lord Marshal finding he was not at that time capable of forcing their Ranks he made a softly retreat towards the Hill that they might disrank to follow him and he thereby have an opportunity to give a second charge before they could fall into order in which retreat he lost twenty five of his men and had divers wounded many of them Persons of Quality as the Lord Generals Son and Sir Thomas Darcy c. Nor did they fail to lay hold on the Kings Standard borne by Sir Andrew Flammock but it was so well defended that they only broke the Staff and carried away the nether end but the English Commanders having rallied their Troops and by moving Orations dissipated the fear the late slaughter occasioned and being re-inforced Peter Meucasa Captain of a Company of Harquibusiers on foot drew up in the front of the Enemies battel and was seconded by Peter Gamboa a Spanish Captain who commanded 200 Harquibusiers on Horseback who with their shot made such slaughter that the Scots durst not advance and by that means the English Archers had time to march on the Right-hand of our foot-men and feather them with their flights of Arrows and the great Ordnance playing transverse within Musquet-shot and the foot-men who had been obscured by the Horse advancing in good array the Scots began to shrink together though they were far superior to the English in number and quickly losing all Courage betook themselves to open flight their General the Earl of Arran flying foremost nor did Angues stand to it but followed with great Celerity so that the