Selected quad for the lemma: england_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
england_n	earl_n	john_n	king_n	18,320	5	4.2824	3	true

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A54186	The peoples ancient and just liberties asserted in the tryal of William Penn, and William Mead, at the sessions held at the Old-Baily in London, the first, third, fourth and fifth of Sept. 70. against the most arbitrary procedure of that court.	Penn, William, 1644-1718.; Mead, William, 1628-1713, defendant.	1670 (1670)	Wing P1334B; ESTC R222457	38,197	64

assess_v but_o by_o the_o oath_n of_o good_a and_o honest_a man_n of_o the_o vicinage_n no_o freeman_n shall_v be_v take_v or_o imprison_v nor_o be_v disseize_v 29._o of_o his_o freehold_n or_o liberty_n or_o free_a custom_n or_o be_v outlawed_n or_o exile_v or_o any_o other_o way_n destroy_v nor_o we_o shall_v not_o pass_v upon_o he_o nor_o condemn_v he_o but_o by_o lawful_a judgement_n of_o his_o peer_n or_o by_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n we_o shall_v sell_v to_o no_o man_n we_o shall_v deny_v nor_o defer_v to_o no_o man_n either_o justice_n or_o right_n and_o to_o all_o these_o custom_n liberty_n aforesaid_a which_o we_o have_v grant_v to_o be_v hold_v within_o this_o our_o realm_n as_o much_o as_o appertain_v to_o we_o and_o our_o heir_n we_o shall_v observe_v and_o all_o man_n of_o this_o our_o realm_n as_o well_o spiritual_a as_o temporal_a as_o much_o as_o in_o they_o be_v shall_v observe_v the_o same_o against_o all_o person_n in_o likewise_o and_o for_o this_o our_o gift_n and_o grant_v of_o these_o liberty_n and_o for_o other_o contain_v in_o our_o charter_n of_o liberty_n of_o our_o forest_n the_o arch-bishop_n bishop_n abot●_z prior_n earl_n baron_n knight_n freeholders_n and_o other_o our_o subject_n have_v give_v unto_o we_o the_o fifteen_o pars_fw-la of_o all_o their_o moveable_n and_o we_o have_v grant_v unto_o they_o on_o the_o other_o part_n that_o neither_o we_o nor_o our_o heir_n shall_v procure_v or_o do_v any_o thing_n whereby_o the_o liberty_n in_o this_o charter_n contain_v shall_v be_v infringe_v or_o break_v and_o if_o any_o thing_n be_v procure_v by_o any_o person_n contrary_a to_o the_o premise_n shall_v be_v have_v of_o no_o force_n nor_o effect_n these_o be_v witness_n boniface_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n etc._n etc._n we_o ratify_v and_o approve_v those_o gift_n and_o grant_n aforesaid_a confirm_v and_o make_v strong_a all_o the_o same_o for_o we_o and_o our_o heir_n perpetual_o and_o by_o the_o tenor_n of_o these_o present_n do_v renew_v the_o same_o willing_o and_o grant_v for_o we_o and_o our_o heir_n that_o this_o charter_n in_o all_o and_o singular_a his_o article_n for_o evermore_o shall_v be_v steadfast_o firm_o and_o inviolable_o observe_v and_o if_o any_o article_n in_o the_o same_o charter_n contain_v yet_o hither_o to_o peradventure_o have_v not_o be_v observe_v nor_o keep_v we_o will_v and_o by_o our_o authority-royal_a command_n from_o henceforth_o firm_o they_o be_v observe_v witness_v etc._n etc._n the_o sentence_n of_o curse_n give_v by_o the_o bishop_n with_o the_o king_n consent_n against_o the_o breaker_n of_o the_o great_a charter_n in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 1253._o the_o three_o day_n of_o may_n in_o the_o great_a hall_n of_o the_o king_n at_o westminster_n in_o the_o presence_n and_o by_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o lord_n henry_n by_o the_o grace_n of_o god_n king_n of_o england_n and_o the_o lord_n richard_n earl_n of_o cornwall_z his_o brother_n roger_n bigot_n earl_n of_o norfolk_z marshal_n of_o england_n humphr●_n earl_n of_o hereford_z henry_n earl_n of_o oxford_z john_n earl_n warren_n and_o other_o estate_n of_o the_o realm_n of_o england_n we_o boniface_n by_o the_o mercy_n of_o god_n archbishop_n of_o centerbury_n primate_n of_o england_n f._n of_o london_n h._n of_o ely_n s._n of_o worcester_n e._n of_o lincoln_n w._n of_o norwich_n p._n of_o hereford_n w._n of_o salesbury_n w._n of_o durham_n r._n of_o excester_n m._n of_o carlisle_n w._n of_o bath_n e._n of_o rochester_n t._n of_o st_n david_n bishop_n apparel_v in_o pontifical_n with_o taper_n burn_v against_o the_o breaker_n of_o the_o church_n liberty_n and_o of_o the_o liberty_n and_o other_o custom_n of_o this_o realm_n of_o england_n and_o namely_o these_o which_o be_v contain_v in_o the_o charter_n of_o the_o common_a liberty_n of_o england_n and_o charter_n of_o the_o forest_n have_v denounce_v sentence_n of_o excommunication_n in_o this_o form_n by_o the_o authority_n of_o almighty_n god_n the_o father_n the_o son_n and_o the_o holy_a ghost_n etc._n etc._n of_o the_o blessed_a apostle_n peter_n and_o paul_n and_o of_o all_o apostle_n and_o of_o all_o martyr_n of_o blessed_a edw._n king_n of_o england_n and_o of_o all_o the_o saint_n of_o heaven_n we_o excommunicate_v and_o accurse_v and_o from_o the_o benefit_n of_o our_o holy_a mother_n the_o church_n we_o sequester_v all_o those_o that_o hereafter_o willing_o and_o malicious_o deprive_v or_o spoil_v the_o church_n of_o she_o right_o and_o all_o those_o that_o by_o any_o craft_n or_o willingness_n do_v violate_v break_v diminish_v or_o change_v the_o church_n liberty_n and_o free_a custom_n contain_v in_o the_o charter_n of_o the_o common_a liberty_n and_o of_o the_o forest_n grant_v by_o our_o lord_n the_o king_n to_o arch-bishop_n bishop_n and_o other_o prelate_n of_o england_n and_o likewise_o to_o the_o earl_n baron_n knight_n and_o other_o freeholders_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o all_o that_o secret_o and_o open_o by_o deed_n word_n or_o counsel_n do_v make_v statute_n or_o observe_v they_o be_v make_v and_o that_o bring_v in_o custom_n to_o keep_v they_o when_o they_o be_v bring_v in_o against_o the_o say_a liberty_n or_o any_o of_o they_o and_o all_o those_o that_o shall_v presume_v to_o judge_v against_o they_o and_o all_o and_o every_o such_o person_n before_o mention_v that_o pine_o shall_v commit_v any_o thing_n of_o the_o premise_n let_v they_o well_o know_v that_o they_o incur_v the_o aforesaid_a sentence_n ipso_fw-la facto_fw-la a_o confirmation_n of_o the_o charter_n and_o liberty_n of_o england_n and_o of_o the_o forest_n make_v the_o twenty_o five_o year_n of_o edward_n the_o first_o edward_n by_o the_o grace_n of_o god_n king_n of_o england_n lord_n of_o ireland_n duke_n of_o guyan_n to_o all_o those_o that_o these_o present_a letter_n shall_v hear_v or_o see_v greeting_n know_v you_o that_o we_o to_o the_o honour_n of_o god_n and_o to_o the_o profit_n of_o our_o realm_n have_v grant_v for_o we_o and_o our_o heir_n and_o the_o charter_n of_o liberty_n and_o the_o charter_n of_o forrest_n which_o be_v make_v by_o common_a assent_n of_o all_o the_o realm_n in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n henry_n our_o father_n shall_v be_v keep_v in_o every_o point_n without_o breach_n and_o we_o will_v that_o the_o same_o charter_n shall_v be_v send_v under_o our_o seal_n as_o well_o to_o our_o justice_n of_o the_o forest_n as_o to_o other_o and_o to_o all_o sheriff_n of_o shire_n and_o to_o all_o our_o other_o officer_n and_o to_o all_o our_o city_n throughout_o the_o realm_n together_o with_o our_o writ_n in_o the_o which_o it_o shall_v be_v contain_v that_o they_o cause_v the_o aforesaid_a charter_n to_o be_v publish_v and_o to_o declare_v to_o the_o people_n that_o we_o have_v confirm_v they_o in_o all_o point_n and_o that_o our_o justice_n sheriff_n mayor_n and_o other_o ☜_o minister_n which_o under_o we_o have_v the_o law_n of_o our_o land_n to_o guide_v shall_v allow_v the_o same_o charter_n plead_v before_o they_o in_o judgement_n in_o all_o their_o point_n that_o be_v to_o wit_n the_o great_a charter_n as_o the_o common_a law_n and_o the_o charter_n of_o our_o forest_n for_o the_o welsh_a of_o our_o realm_n and_o we_o will_v that_o if_o any_o judgement_n be_v give_v from_o henceforth_o contrary_a to_o the_o point_n of_o the_o charter_n aforesaid_a by_o the_o justice_n or_o by_o any_o other_o of_o our_o minister_n that_o hold_v ☞_o plea_n before_o they_o against_o the_o point_n of_o the_o charter_n it_o shall_v be_v undo_v and_o hold_v for_o naught_o and_o we_o will_v that_o the_o same_o charter_n shall_v be_v send_v under_o our_o seal_n to_o cathedral_n church_n throughout_o our_o realm_n there_o to_o remain_v and_o shall_v be_v read_v before_o the_o people_n two_o time_n by_o the_o year_n and_o that_o all_o archbishop_n and_o bishop_n shall_v pronounce_v the_o sentence_n of_o excommunication_n against_o all_o those_o that_o by_o word_n deed_n or_o counsel_n do_v contrary_a to_o the_o foresay_a charter_n or_o that_o in_o any_o point_n do_v break_v or_o undo_v they_o and_o that_o the_o say_v curse_n be_v twice_o a_o year_n denounce_v and_o publish_v by_o the_o prelate_n aforesaid_a and_o if_o the_o same_o prelate_n or_o any_o of_o they_o be_v remiss_a in_o the_o denunciation_n of_o the_o say_a sentence_n the_o archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n and_o york_n for_o the_o time_n be_v shall_v compel_v and_o distrain_v they_o to_o the_o execution_n of_o their_o duty_n in_o form_n aforesaid_a the_o sentence_n of_o the_o clergy_n against_o the_o breaker_n of_o the_o article_n abovementioned_a in_o the_o name_n of_o the_o father_n the_o son_n and_o the_o holy_a ghost_n amen_n whereas_o our_o sovereign_a lord_n the_o king_n to_o the_o honour_n of_o god_n and_o of_o holy_a church_n

excellent_a fundamental_o which_o we_o have_v before_o define_v and_o defend_v from_o any_o just_a reason_n of_o revolution_n yet_o god_n almighty_a who_o be_v always_o concern_v to_o avenge_v the_o cause_n of_o justice_n and_o those_o excellent_a good_a law_n by_o which_o it_o be_v uphold_v have_v by_o his_o providence_n befool_v their_o contrivance_n &_o basfle_v their_o attempt_n by_o bring_v their_o design_n to_o naught_o and_o their_o person_n frequent_o to_o condign_a punishment_n and_o disgrace_n their_o age_n no_o antiquary_n live_a can_v assure_v we_o unless_o they_o say_v as_o old_a as_o reason_n itself_o but_o our_o own_o author_n be_v not_o lack_v to_o inform_v we_o that_o the_o liberty_n property_n and_o privilege_n of_o the_o english_a nation_n be_v very_o ancient_a §_o 10._o for_o hern_n in_o his_o mirror_n of_o justice_n write_v in_o edward_n the_o first_o be_v time_n fol._n 1._o tell_v we_o that_o after_o god_n have_v abate_v the_o nobility_n of_o the_o britan_n he_o 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be_v turn_v into_o a_o heritage_n king_n alfred_n that_o govern_v this_o kingdom_n about_o a_o hundred_o seventy_o one_o year_n before_o the_o conquest_n do_v cause_v the_o great_a man_n of_o the_o kingdom_n to_o assemble_v at_o london_n and_o there_o do_v ordain_v for_o a_o perpetual_a usage_n that_o twice_o in_o the_o year_n or_o often_o if_o need_n shall_v be_v in_o time_n of_o peace_n they_o shall_v assemble_v at_o london_n in_o parliament_n for_o the_o government_n of_o god_n people_n that_o man_n may_v live_v in_o quiet_a and_o receive_v right_a by_o certain_a usage_n and_o holy_a judgement_n in_o which_o parliament_n say_v our_o author_n the_o right_n and_o prerogative_n of_o the_o king_n and_o of_o the_o subject_n be_v distinguish_v and_o set_v apart_o and_o particular_o by_o he_o express_v too_o tedious_a here_o to_o insert_v among_o which_o ordiance_n we_o find_v that_o no_o man_n shall_v be_v imprison_v but_o for_o a_o capital_a offence_n and_o if_o a_o man_n shall_v detain_v another_o in_o prison_n by_o colour_n of_o right_n where_o there_o be_v none_o till_o the_o party_n imprison_v die_v he_o that_o keep_v he_o in_o prison_n shall_v be_v hold_v guilty_a of_o murder_n as_o you_o may_v read_v pag._n 33._o and_o pag._n 36._o he_o be_v declare_v guilty_a of_o homicide_n by_o who_o a_o man_n shall_v die_v in_o prison_n whether_o it_o be_v the_o judge_n that_o shall_v too_o long_a delay_n to_o do_v a_o man_n right_a or_o by_o cruelty_n of_o gaoler_n or_o suffer_v he_o to_o die_v of_o famine_n or_o when_o a_o man_n be_v adjudge_v to_o do_v penance_n and_o shall_v be_v surcharge_v by_o his_o gaoler_n with_o iron_n or_o other_o pain_n whereof_o he_o be_v deprive_v of_o his_o life_n and_o p._n 149._o that_o by_o the_o ancient_a law_n of_o england_n it_o be_v felony_n to_o detain_v a_o man_n in_o prison_n after_o sufficient_a bale_n offer_v where_o the_o party_n be_v plevisable_v every_o person_n be_v plevisable_v but_o he_o that_o be_v appeal_v of_o treason_n murder_n robbery_n or_o burglary_n pag._n 35._o none_o ought_v to_o be_v put_v in_o common_a prison_n but_o only_o such_o as_o be_v attaint_v or_o principal_o appeal_v or_o indict_v of_o some_o capital_a offence_n or_o attaint_v of_o false_a or_o wrongful_a imprisonment_n so_o tender_v have_v the_o ancient_a law_n and_o constitution_n of_o this_o realm_n be_v of_o the_o liberty_n of_o their_o subject_n person_n that_o no_o man_n ought_v to_o be_v imprison_v but_o for_o a_o capital_a offence_n as_o treason_n murder_n robbery_n or_o burglary_n §_o 11._o nor_o be_v lambard_n short_a in_o his_o excellent_a translation_n of_o the_o saxon_a law_n from_o king_n ina_n time_n 712._o to_o hen._n 3._o 1100._o in_o describe_v to_o we_o the_o great_a obligation_n and_o strong_a condition_n the_o people_n be_v wont_a to_o put_v upon_o their_o king_n to_o observe_v the_o ancient_a fundamental_a law_n and_o free_a custom_n of_o this_o land_n which_o be_v hand_v down_o from_o one_o age_n to_o another_o and_o in_o the_o 17_o chap._n of_o edw._n the_o confessor_n law_n the_o mention_n there_o make_v of_o a_o king_n duty_n be_v very_o remarkable_a that_o if_o he_o break_v his_o oath_n or_o perform_v not_o his_o obligation_n nec_fw-la nomen_fw-la regis_fw-la in_o eo_fw-la constabit_fw-la the_o same_o lambard_n further_a tell_v we_o that_o however_o any_o may_v affirm_v william_n of_o normandy_n to_o be_v a_o conqueror_n he_o be_v receive_v by_o the_o people_n as_o edward_n successor_n and_o by_o solemn_a oath_n take_v to_o maintain_v unto_o they_o the_o same_o law_n that_o his_o kinsman_n edward_n the_o confessor_n do_v this_o doctrine_n remain_v in_o the_o general_n unquestioned_a to_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n john_n who_o imperious_o think_v that_o voluntas_fw-la regis_fw-la and_o not_o salvus_fw-la populi_n be_v suprema_fw-la lex_fw-la or_o the_o king_n will_n be_v the_o supreme_a law_n and_o not_o the_o people_n preservation_n till_o the_o incense_a baron_n of_o that_o time_n betake_v themselves_o to_o a_o vigorous_a defence_n of_o their_o ancient_a right_n and_o liberty_n and_o learn_v he_o to_o keep_v those_o law_n by_o a_o due_a restraint_n and_o timely_a compulsion_n which_o his_o former_a invasion_n of_o they_o evidence_v to_o the_o world_n he_o will_v never_o have_v do_v willing_o §_o 12._o the_o proposal_n and_o article_n of_o agreement_n with_o the_o pledge_n give_v to_o the_o baron_n on_o the_o behalf_n of_o the_o people_n by_o the_o king_n be_v confirm_v in_o hen._n the_o 3d_n time_n his_o son_n and_o successor_n when_o the_o abuse_a slight_v and_o disregard_v law_n by_o his_o father_n be_v think_v fit_a to_o be_v reduce_v to_o record_v that_o the_o people_n of_o england_n may_v not_o forever_o after_o be_v to_o seek_v for_o a_o write_v record_v law_n to_o their_o defence_n and_o security_n for_o miserable_fw-la servitus_fw-la est_fw-la ubi_fw-la jus_o est_fw-la vagum_fw-la aut_fw-la incognitum_fw-la and_o so_o we_o enter_v upon_o that_o grand_a carter_n of_o liberty_n and_o privilege_n in_o the_o cause_n reason_n and_o end_v of_o it_o §_o 1._o we_o shall_v first_o rehearse_v it_o so_o far_o as_o we_o be_v concern_v with_o the_o formality_n of_o grant_n and_o curse_n and_o shall_v then_o say_v something_o as_o to_o the_o cause_n reason_n and_o end_v of_o it_o a_o rehearsal_n of_o the_o material_a part_n of_o the_o great_a charter_n of_o england_n henry_n by_o the_o grace_n of_o god_n king_n of_o england_n etc._n etc._n to_o all_o arch-bishop_n or_o earl_n baron_n sheriff_n provost_n officer_n and_o to_o all_o bailiff_n and_o our_o faithful_a subject_n who_o shall_v see_v this_o present_a charter_n greeting_n know_v you_o that_o we_o 3._o unto_o the_o honour_n of_o almighty_a god_n and_o for_o the_o salvation_n of_o the_o soul_n of_o our_o progenitor_n and_o our_o successor_n king_n of_o england_n to_o the_o advancement_n of_o holy_a church_n and_o amendment_n of_o our_o realm_n of_o our_o mere_a and_o free_a will_v have_v give_v and_o grant_v to_o all_o arch-bishop_n etc._n etc._n and_o to_o all_o freeman_n of_o this_o our_o realm_n these_o liberty_n under-written_a to_o be_v hold_v and_o keep_v in_o this_o our_o realm_n of_o england_n for_o evermore_o 14_o we_o have_v grant_v and_o give_v to_o all_o freeman_n of_o our_o realm_n for_o we_o and_o our_o heir_n for_o evermore_o these_o liberty_n under-written_a to_o have_v and_o to_o hold_v to_o they_o and_o to_o their_o heir_n of_o we_o and_o our_o heir_n forenamed_a a_o freeman_n shall_v not_o be_v amerce_v for_o a_o small_a fault_n but_o after_o the_o quantity_n of_o the_o fault_n and_o for_o a_o great_a fault_n after_o the_o manner_n thereof_o save_v to_o he_o his_o contenement_n or_o freehold_n and_o a_o merchant_n likewise_o shall_v be_v amerce_v save_v to_o he_o his_o merchandise_n and_o none_o of_o the_o say_a amercement_n shall_v be_v

and_o for_o the_o common_a profit_n of_o the_o realm_n have_v grant_v for_o he_o and_o his_o heir_n for_o ever_o these_o article_n above_o write_v robert_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n primate_n of_o all_o england_n admonish_v all_o his_o province_n once_o twice_o and_o thrice_o because_o that_o shortness_n will_v not_o suffer_v so_o much_o delay_n as_o to_o give_v knowledge_n to_o all_o the_o people_n of_o england_n of_o these_o present_n in_o writing_n we_o therefore_o enjoin_v all_o person_n of_o what_o estate_n soever_o they_o be_v that_o they_o and_o every_o of_o they_o as_o much_o as_o in_o they_o be_v shall_v uphold_v and_o maintain_v these_o article_n grant_v by_o our_o sovereign_a lord_n the_o king_n in_o all_o point_n and_o all_o those_o that_o in_o any_o point_n do_v resist_v or_o break_v or_o in_o any_o manner_n hereafter_o procure_v counsel_n or_o in_o any_o wise_a assent_n to_o testify_v or_o break_v those_o ordinance_n or_o go_v about_o it_o by_o word_n or_o deed_n open_o or_o privy_o by_o any_o manner_n of_o pretence_n or_o colour_n we_o the_o aforesaid_a arch_a bishop_n by_o our_o authority_n in_o this_o write_n express_v do_v excommunicate_a and_o accurse_v and_o from_o the_o body_n of_o our_o lord_n jesus_n christ_n and_o from_o all_o the_o company_n of_o heaven_n and_o from_o all_o the_o sacrament_n of_o holy_a church_n do_v sequester_v and_o exclude_v we_o may_v here_o see_v that_o in_o the_o obscure_a time_n of_o sottish_a popery_n they_o be_v not_o leave_v without_o a_o sense_n of_o justice_n and_o the_o necessity_n of_o liberty_n and_o property_n to_o be_v inviolable_o enjoy_v which_o bring_v we_o to_o the_o cause_n of_o it_o one_a the_o cause_n of_o this_o famous_a charter_n be_v as_o we_o have_v already_o say_v the_o encroachment_n that_o be_v make_v by_o several_a minister_n of_o precedent_a king_n that_o almost_o become_v customary_a and_o which_o have_v near_o extinguish_v the_o free_a custom_n due_a to_o englishman_n how_o great_a care_n it_o cost_v our_o ancestor_n it_o unbecome_v we_o to_o ignore_v or_o by_o our_o silence_n to_o neglect_v it_o be_v that_o yoke_n and_o muzzle_n which_o fail_v not_o to_o dis-able_a many_o rage_a bear_n from_o enter_v the_o pleasant_a vineyard_n of_o english-freedom_n that_o otherwise_o will_v not_o have_v leave_v a_o fruitful_a vine_n in_o be_v anon_o we_o may_v give_v the_o reader_n a_o account_n of_o some_o with_o their_o wage_n as_o well_o as_o work_n 2d_o the_o reason_n of_o it_o be_v so_o great_a that_o it_o seem_v to_o be_v its_o own_o it_o be_v the_o very_a image_n and_o expression_n of_o justice_n liberty_n and_o property_n point_n of_o such_o eminent_a importance_n as_o without_o which_o no_o government_n can_v be_v say_v to_o be_v reasonable_a but_o arbitrary_a and_o tyrannical_a it_o allow_v every_o man_n that_o liberty_n god_n and_o nature_n have_v give_v he_o and_o the_o secure_a possession_n of_o his_o property_n from_o the_o inroad_n or_o invasion_n of_o his_o neighbour_n or_o any_o else_o of_o that_o constitution_n it_o justify_v no_o man_n in_o a_o fault_n only_o it_o provide_v equal_a and_o just_a way_n to_o have_v the_o offender_n try_v consider_v the_o malice_n of_o many_o prosecutor_n and_o the_o great_a value_n of_o liberty_n and_o life_n 3d_o the_o end_n of_o it_o be_v the_o most_o noble_a of_o any_o earthly_a projection_n to_o wit_n the_o refix_v of_o those_o shake_a law_n hold_v for_o many_o hundred_o year_n by_o constant_a claim_n that_o they_o live_v may_v be_v re-enstated_n in_o their_o primitive_a liberty_n and_o their_o posterity_n secure_v in_o the_o possession_n of_o so_o great_a a_o happiness_n among_o those_o many_o rich_a advantage_n that_o accrue_v to_o the_o free_a people_n of_o england_n from_o this_o great_a charter_n and_o those_o many_o confirmatory_n statute_n of_o the_o same_o we_o shall_v present_v the_o reader_n with_o the_o sight_n of_o some_o few_o that_o may_v most_o proper_o fall_v under_o the_o consideration_n and_o inquiry_n of_o these_o present_a time_n as_o find_v in_o our_o common_a law_n book_n one_a that_o every_o englishman_n be_v bear_v free_a 2d_o that_o no_o such_o freeman_n shall_v be_v take_v attach_v assess_v or_o imprison_v by_o any_o petition_n or_o suggestion_n to_o the_o king_n or_o his_o counsel_n unless_o by_o the_o indictment_n or_o presentment_n of_o good_a and_o lawful_a man_n where_o such_o deed_n be_v do_v 5_o edw._n 3._o chap._n 9_o 25_o edw._n 3._o chap._n 4._o 17_o r._n 2._o chap._n 6_o rot._n parl._n 42_o edw._n 3._o cook_n 2_o inst_n 46._o 3d_o that_o no_o freeman_n shall_v be_v diseize_v of_o his_o freehold_n or_o liberty_n or_o free_a custom_n etc._n etc._n hereby_o be_v intend_v say_v cook_n that_o land_n tenement_n good_n and_o chattel_n shall_v not_o be_v seize_v into_o the_o king_n hand_n contrary_a to_o this_o great_a charter_n etc._n etc._n 43._o ass_n pag._n 12._o 43_o edw._n 3._o cook_n 2_o inst_n 32._o neither_o shall_v any_o such_o freeman_n be_v put_v from_o his_o livelihood_n without_o answer_n cook_n 2._o inst_n 47._o 4_o that_o no_o freeman_n shall_v be_v outlawed_a unless_o he_o shroud_v and_o hide_v himself_o voluntary_o from_o the_o justice_n of_o the_o law_n 2_o &_o 3_o phil._n &_o mar._n dier_n 114._o 145._o 5_o no_o freeman_n shall_v be_v exile_v cook_n say_v there_o be_v but_o two_o ground_n upon_o which_o any_o man_n may_v be_v exile_v one_o by_o act_n of_o parliament_n suppose_v it_o not_o contrary_a to_o the_o great_a charter_n the_o other_o in_o case_n of_o abjuration_n for_o felony_n by_o the_o common_a law_n etc._n etc._n cook_n 2._o inst_n 47._o 6_o no_o freeman_n shall_v be_v destroy_v that_o be_v he_o shall_v not_o be_v forejudged_n of_o life_n limb_n disherited_n or_o put_v to_o torture_n or_o death_n every_o oppression_n against_o law_n by_o colour_n of_o any_o usurp_a authority_n be_v a_o kind_n of_o destruction_n and_o it_o be_v the_o worst_a oppression_n that_o be_v do_v by_o colour_n of_o justice_n cook_n institu_fw-la 2._o 48._o seven_o that_o no_o freeman_n shall_v be_v thus_o take_v or_o imprison_v diseize_v outlawed_a exile_v or_o destroy_v of_o his_o liberty_n freehold_n and_o free_a custom_n but_o by_o the_o lawful_a judgement_n of_o his_o peer_n vulgar_o call_v jury_n so_o that_o the_o judgement_n of_o any_o fact_n or_o person_n be_v by_o this_o fundamental_a law_n refer_v to_o the_o breast_n and_o conscience_n of_o the_o jury_n it_o be_v render_v in_o latin_a per_fw-la legale_fw-la judicium_fw-la that_o be_v lawful_a judgement_n from_o whence_o it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o the_o judgement_n must_v have_v law_n in_o it_o and_o be_v according_a to_o law_n which_o can_v be_v where_o they_o be_v not_o judge_n how_o far_o the_o fact_n be_v legal_a or_o the_o contrary_a judicium_fw-la quasi_fw-la juris_fw-la dictum_fw-la the_o voice_n of_o law_n and_o right_n and_o therefore_o be_v their_o verdict_n not_o to_o be_v reject_v because_o it_o be_v suppose_v to_o be_v the_o truth_n according_a to_o their_o conscience_n for_o ver_fw-la dictis_fw-la from_o veer_fw-la dictum_fw-la be_v quasi_fw-la dictum_fw-la veritatis_fw-la or_o a_o true_a say_n or_o judgement_n 9_o hen._n 3._o 29._o cook_n inst_n 1._o 39_o just_o 4._o 207._o cook_n say_v that_o by_o the_o word_n legale_fw-la three_o thing_n be_v employ_v one_a that_o this_o be_v by_o law_n before_o the_o statute_n and_o therefore_o this_o statute_n but_o declaratory_a of_o the_o ancient_a law_n 2d_o that_o their_o verdict_n must_v be_v legal_o give_v wherein_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v one_a the_o jury_n ought_v to_o hear_v no_o evidence_n but_o in_o the_o hear_n and_o presence_n of_o the_o prisoner_n 2d_o that_o they_o can_v send_v to_o ask_v any_o question_n in_o law_n of_o the_o judge_n but_o in_o the_o presence_n of_o the_o prisoner_n for_o de_fw-fr facto_fw-la jus_fw-la oritur_fw-la 3d_o the_o evidence_n produce_v by_o the_o king_n counsel_n be_v give_v the_o judge_n can_v collect_v the_o evidence_n nor_o urge_v it_o by_o way_n of_o charge_n to_o the_o jury_n nor_o yet_o confer_v with_o the_o jury_n about_o the_o evidence_n but_o in_o the_o presence_n of_o the_o prisoner_n cook_n inst_n 2._o 49._o 8_o or_o by_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n it_o be_v a_o synonimous_a expression_n import_v no_o more_o than_o by_o a_o trial_n of_o peer_n or_o a_o jury_n for_o it_o be_v sometime_o render_v not_o or_o disjunctive_o but_o and_o which_o be_v connective_o however_o it_o can_v never_o signify_v any_o thing_n contrary_a to_o the_o old_a way_n of_o try_v by_o peer_n for_o than_o it_o will_v be_v connect_v to_o a_o contradiction_n beside_o cook_n well_o observe_v that_o in_o the_o four_o chap._n of_o the_o 25_o edw._n 3_o per_fw-la legem_fw-la terrae_fw-la import_v no_o more_o than_o a_o trial_n by_o due_a process_n and_o write_v original_a at_o common_a law_n

second_o the_o dreadful_a malediction_n or_o curse_v they_o have_v denounce_v upon_o the_o breaker_n of_o it_o with_o those_o exemplary_a punishment_n they_o have_v not_o spare_v to_o inflict_v upon_o such_o notorious_a offender_n three_o so_o heinous_a a_o thing_n be_v it_o esteem_v of_o old_a to_o endeavour_v a_o enervation_n or_o subversion_n of_o these_o ancient_a right_n and_o privilege_n that_o act_n of_o parliament_n themselves_o otherwise_o the_o most_o sacred_a with_o the_o people_n have_v not_o be_v of_o force_n enough_o to_o secure_v or_o defend_v such_o person_n from_o condign_a punishment_n who_o in_o pursuance_n of_o they_o have_v act_v inconsistent_a with_o our_o great_a charter_n therefore_o it_o be_v that_o great_a lawyer_n the_o lord_n cook_n do_v once_o more_o aggravate_v the_o example_n of_o empson_n and_o dudley_n with_o person_n of_o the_o same_o rank_n into_o a_o just_a caution_n as_o well_o to_o parliament_n as_o judge_n justice_n and_o inferior_a magistrate_n to_o decline_v make_v or_o execute_v any_o act_n that_o may_v in_o the_o least_o seem_v to_o restr_v or_o confirm_v this_o so_o often_o avow_v and_o confirm_v great_a charter_n of_o the_o liberty_n of_o england_n since_o parliament_n be_v say_v to_o err_v when_o they_o cross_v it_o the_o obeyer_n of_o their_o act_n punish_v as_o time-serving_a transgressor_n and_o that_o king_n themselves_o though_o enrich_v by_o those_o course_n have_v with_o great_a compunction_n and_o repentance_n leave_v among_o their_o die_a word_n their_o recantation_n therefore_o most_o notable_a and_o true_a it_o be_v with_o which_o we_o shall_v conclude_v this_o present_a subject_n what_o the_o king_n please_v to_o observe_v in_o a_o speech_n to_o the_o parliament_n about_o 1662._o viz._n the_o good_a old_a rule_n of_o law_n be_v our_o best_a security_n the_o manner_n of_o the_o court_n behaviour_n towards_o the_o prisoner_n and_o jury_n with_o their_o many_o extravigant_a expression_n must_v not_o altogether_o slip_v our_o observation_n one_a their_o carriage_n to_o the_o jury_n outdo_v all_o precedent_n they_o entertain_v they_o more_o like_o a_o pack_n of_o felon_n than_o a_o jury_n of_o honest_a man_n as_o be_v fit_a to_o be_v try_v themselves_o then_o to_o acquit_v other_o in_o short_a no_o jury_n for_o many_o age_n receive_v so_o many_o instance_n of_o displeasure_n and_o affront_n because_o they_o prefer_v not_o the_o humour_n of_o the_o court_n before_o the_o quiet_a of_o their_o own_o conscience_n even_o to_o be_v esteem_v as_o perjure_v though_o they_o have_v real_o be_v so_o have_v they_o not_o do_v what_o they_o do_v 2d_o their_o treatment_n of_o the_o prisoner_n be_v not_o more_o unchristian_a then_o inhuman_a history_n can_v scarce_o tell_v we_o of_o one_o heathen_a roman_a that_o ever_o be_v so_o ignoble_a to_o his_o captive_n what_o to_o accuse_v and_o not_o hear_v they_o to_o threaten_v to_o boar_n their_o tongue_n gag_v and_o stop_v their_o mouth_n fetter_v their_o leg_n mere_o for_o defend_v themselves_o and_o that_o by_o the_o ancient_a fundamental_a law_n of_o england_n too_o o_o barbarous_a have_v they_o be_v turk_n and_o infidel_n that_o carriage_n will_v have_v ill_o become_v a_o christian_a court_n such_o action_n prove_v much_o strong_a disswasives_n than_o argument_n to_o convince_v they_o how_o much_o the_o christian_a religion_n incline_v man_n to_o justice_n and_o moderation_n above_o their_o dark_a idolatry_n it_o be_v true_o lamentable_a that_o such_o occasion_n shall_v be_v give_v for_o intelligence_n to_o foreign_a part_n where_o england_n have_v have_v the_o reputation_n of_o a_o christian_a country_n by_o the_o ill_a treat_v of_o its_o sober_a and_o religious_a inhabitant_n for_o their_o conscientious_a meeting_n to_o worship_n god_n but_o above_o all_o dissenter_n have_v little_a reason_n to_o have_v expect_v this_o boarish_a fierceness_n from_o the_o mayor_n of_o london_n when_o they_o consider_v his_o eager_a prosecution_n of_o the_o king_n party_n under_o cromwell_n government_n as_o think_v he_o can_v never_o give_v too_o great_a a_o testimony_n of_o his_o loyalty_n to_o that_o new_a instrument_n which_o make_v the_o old_a say_v true_a that_o one_o runagade_n be_v worse_a than_o three_o turk_n alderman_n bludworth_n be_v conscious_a to_o himself_o of_o his_o partial_a kindness_n to_o the_o popish_a firer_n hope_n to_o make_v amends_o by_o his_o zealous_a prosecution_n of_o the_o poor_a dissenter_n for_o at_o the_o same_o session_n he_o move_v to_o have_v a_o evidence_n of_o no_o small_a quality_n against_o harrison_n the_o friar_n send_v to_o bridewell_n and_o whip_v that_o he_o be_v earnest_a to_o have_v the_o jury_n fine_v and_o imprison_v because_o they_o bring_v not_o the_o prisoner_n guilty_a for_o only_o worship_v their_o god_n whence_o it_o may_v be_v easy_a to_o observe_v that_o popish_a friar_n and_o prelatical_a persecutor_n be_v mere_a confederate_n but_o what_o other_o have_v only_o adventure_v to_o stammer_v at_o the_o recorder_n of_o london_n have_v be_v so_o ingenious_a as_o to_o speak_v most_o plain_o or_o else_o what_o mean_v those_o two_o fatal_a expression_n which_o be_v become_v the_o talk_n and_o terror_n both_o of_o city_n and_o country_n first_o in_o assure_v the_o jury_n that_o there_o will_v be_v a_o law_n next_o session_n of_o parliament_n that_o no_o man_n shall_v have_v the_o protection_n of_o the_o law_n but_o such_o as_o conform_v to_o the_o church_n which_o shall_v it_o be_v as_o true_a as_o we_o hope_v it_o be_v false_a and_o a_o dishonourable_a prophecy_n of_o that_o great_a assembly_n the_o papist_n may_v live_v to_o see_v their_o marian_n day_n outdo_v by_o profess_a protestant_n but_o sure_o no_o englishman_n can_v be_v so_o sottish_a as_o to_o conceive_v that_o his_o right_n to_o liberty_n and_o property_n come_v in_o with_o his_o profession_n of_o the_o protestant_a religion_n or_o that_o his_o natural_a and_o humane_a right_n be_v dependent_a on_o certain_a religious_a apprehension_n and_o consequent_o he_o must_v esteem_v it_o a_o cruelty_n in_o the_o abstract_n that_o person_n shall_v be_v deny_v the_o benefit_n of_o those_o law_n which_o relate_v to_o civil_a concern_v who_o by_o their_o deportment_n in_o civil_a affair_n have_v no_o way_n transgress_v they_o but_o mere_o upon_o a_o opinion_n of_o faith_n and_o matter_n of_o conscience_n it_o be_v well_o know_v that_o liberty_n and_o property_n trade_n and_o commerce_n be_v in_o the_o world_n long_o before_o the_o point_n in_o difference_n betwixt_o protestant_n and_o dissenter_n as_o the_o common_a privilege_n of_o mankind_n and_o therefore_o not_o to_o be_v measure_v out_o by_o a_o conformity_n to_o this_o or_o the_o other_o religious_a persuasion_n but_o pure_o as_o englishman_n second_o but_o we_o shall_v rather_o choose_v to_o esteem_v this_o a_o expression_n of_o heat_n in_o the_o recorder_n then_o that_o we_o can_v believe_v a_o london_n recorder_n shall_v say_v a_o english_a parliament_n shall_v impose_v so_o much_o slavery_n on_o the_o present_a age_n and_o entayl_n it_o upon_o their_o own_o posterity_n who_o for_o aught_o they_o know_v may_v be_v reckon_v among_o the_o dissenter_n of_o the_o next_o age_n do_v he_o not_o encourage_v we_o to_o believe_v it_o be_v both_o his_o desire_n and_o his_o judgement_n from_o that_o deliberate_a elegy_n he_o make_v on_o the_o spanish_a inquisition_n express_v himself_o much_o to_o this_o purpose_n viz._n till_o now_o i_o never_o understand_v the_o reason_n of_o the_o policy_n and_o prudence_n of_o the_o spaniard_n in_o suffer_v the_o inquisition_n among_o they_o and_o certain_o it_o will_v never_o be_v well_o with_o we_o till_o some_o thing_n like_o unto_o the_o spanish_a inquisition_n be_v in_o england_n the_o gross_a malignity_n of_o which_o say_v be_v almost_o inexpressable_a what_o do_v this_o but_o justify_v that_o hellish_a design_n of_o the_o papist_n to_o have_v prevent_v the_o first_o reformation_n if_o this_o be_v good_a doctrine_n then_o hoggestrant_a the_o grand_a inquisitor_n be_v a_o more_o venerable_a person_n than_o luther_n the_o reformer_n it_o be_v a_o expression_n that_o have_v better_o become_v cajetan_n the_o pope_n legate_n than_o howel_n a_o protestant_a city_n recorder_n this_o be_v so_o far_o from_o help_v to_o convert_v the_o spaniard_n that_o it_o be_v the_o way_n to_o harden_v he_o in_o his_o idolatry_n when_o his_o abominable_a cruelty_n shall_v be_v esteem_v prudence_n and_o his_o most_o barbarous_a and_o exquisite_a torture_v of_o truth_n a_o excellent_a way_n to_o prevent_v faction_n if_o the_o recorder_n have_v speak_v for_o no_o more_o than_o for_o himself_o it_o be_v well_o but_o certain_o he_o little_o deserve_v to_o be_v think_v a_o protestant_n and_o a_o lawyer_n that_o put_v both_o reformation_n and_o law_n into_o the_o inquision_n there_o be_v nothing_o more_o destructive_a of_o the_o fundamental_a law_n and_o liberty_n of_o england_n and_o that_o noble_a design_n of_o primitive_a

reformation_n then_o the_o arbitrary_a power_n and_o terrify_a rak_n of_o the_o spanish_a inquisition_n and_o doubtless_o the_o supreme_a governor_n of_o the_o land_n be_v high_o oblige_v in_o honour_n and_o conscience_n in_o discharge_n of_o their_o trust_n to_o god_n and_o the_o people_n to_o take_v these_o thing_n into_o their_o serious_a consideration_n as_o what_o be_v expect_v from_o they_o by_o those_o who_o earnest_o wish_v they_o and_o the_o kingdom_n safety_n and_o prosperity_n a_o postscript_n the_o copy_n of_o judge_n keeling_n case_n take_v out_o of_o the_o parliament_n journal_n die_fw-la mercurij_fw-la 11_o decembris_fw-la 1667._o the_o house_n resume_v the_o hear_v of_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o report_n touch_v the_o matter_n of_o restraint_n upon_o jury_n and_o that_o upon_o the_o examination_n of_o divers_a witness_n in_o several_a clause_n of_o restraint_n put_v upon_o juries_n by_o the_o lord_n chief_a justice_n keeling_n whereupon_o the_o committee_n make_v their_o resolution_n which_o be_v as_o follow_v first_o that_o the_o proceed_n of_o the_o lord_n chief_a justice_n in_o the_o case_n now_o report_v be_v innovation_n in_o the_o trial_n of_o man_n for_o their_o life_n and_o liberty_n and_o that_o he_o have_v use_v a_o arbitrary_a and_o illegal_a power_n which_o be_v of_o dangerous_a consequence_n to_o the_o life_n and_o liberty_n of_o the_o people_n of_o england_n and_o tend_v to_o the_o introduce_v of_o a_o arbitrary_a government_n second_o that_o in_o the_o place_n of_o judicature_n the_o lord_n chief_a justice_n have_v undervalved_n vilify_v and_o contemn_v magna_fw-la charta_fw-la the_o great_a preserver_n of_o our_o life_n freedom_n and_o propertie_n three_o that_o he_o be_v bring_v to_o trial_n in_o order_n to_o condign_a punishment_n in_o such_o manner_n as_o the_o house_n shall_v judge_v most_o fit_a and_o requisite_a die_v veneris_n 13_o decembris_fw-la 1667._o resolve_v etc._n etc._n that_o the_o precedent_n and_o practice_n of_o fine_v or_o imprison_v juror_n for_o verdict_n be_v illegal_a now_o whether_o the_o justice_n of_o this_o court_n in_o their_o proceed_n both_o towards_o the_o prisoner_n and_o jury_n have_v act_v according_a to_o law_n to_o their_o oath_n and_o duty_n and_o to_o do_v justice_n without_o partiality_n whereby_o right_o may_v be_v preserve_v the_o peace_n of_o the_o land_n secure_v and_o our_o ancient_a law_n establish_v or_o whether_o such_o action_n tend_v not_o to_o deprive_v we_o of_o our_o life_n and_o liberty_n to_o rob_v we_o of_o our_o birthright_n the_o fundamental_a law_n of_o england_n and_o final_o to_o bring_v in_o a_o arbitrary_a and_o illegal_a power_n to_o usurp_v the_o bench_n of_o all_o our_o court_n of_o justice_n we_o leave_v the_o english_a reader_n to_o judge_v certain_o there_o can_v be_v no_o high_o affront_v offer_v to_o king_n and_o parliament_n than_o the_o bring_v their_o reputation_n into_o suspicion_n with_o their_o people_n by_o the_o irregular_a action_n of_o subordinate_a judge_n and_o no_o age_n can_v parallel_v the_o carriage_n of_o this_o recorder_n mayor_n etc._n etc._n nor_o can_v we_o think_v so_o ignoble_o of_o the_o parliament_n as_o that_o they_o shall_v do_v less_o than_o call_v these_o person_n to_o account_n who_o fail_v not_o to_o do_v it_o to_o one_o less_o guilty_a and_o of_o more_o repute_n to_o wit_n judge_n keeling_n for_o if_o his_o behaviour_n give_v just_a ground_n of_o jealousy_n that_o he_o intend_v a_o innovation_n and_o the_o introduce_v a_o arbitrary_a government_n this_o recorder_n much_o more_o do_v chief_a justice_n keeling_n say_v magna_fw-la charta_fw-la be_v magna_fw-la farta_fw-la so_o do_v this_o recorder_n too_o and_o do_v justice_n keeling_n fine_a and_o imprison_v jury_n contrary_a to_o all_o law_n so_o do_v this_o recorder_n also_o in_o short_a there_o be_v no_o difference_n unless_o it_o be_v that_o the_o one_o be_v question_v and_o the_o other_o deserve_v it_o but_o we_o desire_v in_o this_o they_o may_v be_v say_v to_o differ_v that_o though_o the_o former_a escape_v punishment_n the_o latter_a may_v not_o who_o have_v a_o president_n before_o do_v notwithstanding_o notorious_o transgress_v to_o conclude_v the_o law_n suppose_v the_o king_n can_v err_v because_o it_o be_v willing_a to_o suppose_v he_o always_o act_n by_o law_n and_o volunt_fw-la as_o legis_fw-la est_fw-la voluntas_fw-la regis_fw-la or_o the_o king_n will_v be_v regulate_v by_o the_o law_n but_o it_o say_v no_o such_o thing_n of_o his_o judge_n and_o since_o they_o be_v oblige_v by_o oath_n to_o disregard_n the_o king_n letter_n though_o under_o the_o broad_a and_o privy-seal_n if_o they_o any_o wise_a oppugn_v or_o contradict_v the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n and_o consider_v that_o every_o singular_a action_n of_o a_o inferior_a minister_n have_v a_o ugly_a reference_n to_o the_o supreme_a magistrate_n where_o not_o rebuke_v we_o can_v but_o conclude_v that_o both_o judge_n be_v answerable_a for_o their_o irregularity_n especial_o where_o they_o have_v not_o a_o limitation_n of_o a_o king_n letter_n or_o command_v and_o that_o the_o supreme_a magistrate_n be_v oblige_v as_o in_o honour_n and_o safety_n to_o himself_o alfred-like_a to_o bring_v such_o to_o condign_a punishment_n lest_o every_o session_n produce_v the_o like_a tragical_a scene_n of_o usurpation_n over_o the_o conscience_n of_o juty_n to_o the_o villify_n and_o contemn_v of_o justice_n and_o great_a detriment_n and_o prejudice_n of_o the_o good_a and_o honest_a man_n of_o this_o famous_a and_o free_a city_n fiat_n justicia_fw-la finis_fw-la errata_fw-la page_n 5._o after_o line_n 20._o read_v john_n robinson_n alderman_n and_o richard_n brown_n the_o line_n follow_v r._n call_v over_o the_o jury_n p._n 6._o before_o the_o first_o l._n r._n the_o indictment_n p._n 7._o l._n 25._o for_o before_o r._n to_o p._n 10._o l._n 26._o blot_n out_o to_z p._n 17._o l._n 4._o r._n be_v not_o p._n 19_o l._n 7._o instead_o of_o be_v he_o guilty_a r._n be_v w._n p._n guilty_a p._n 26._o l._n 11._o r._n to_o the_o terror_n p._n 27._o l._n 6._o for_o as_o r._n and_o p._n 32._o l._n 13._o for_o nern_n r._n horn_n p._n 44._o l._n 11._o for_o for_o ver_fw-la dictis_fw-la from_fw-la r._n for_o verdict_n from_o p._n 47._o l._n 31._o for_o palaris_fw-la r._n phalaris_n obser_n at_o this_o time_n several_a upon_o the_o bench_n urge_v hard_o upon_o the_o prisoner_n to_o bear_v he_o down_o 9_o h._n 3._o confirm_v 28_o ed._n 3._o chap._n 1._o the_o form_n of_o ancient_a act_n etc._n etc._n co._n 2._o inst_n fol._n 2._o chap._n 14_o cha._n 29._o ☜_o ☞_o