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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A15036	The honorable reputation of a souldier with a morall report, of the vertues, offices, and (by abuse) the disgrace of his profession. Drawen out of the liues, documents, and disciplines, of the most renowned Romaine, Grecian, and other famous martialistes. By George Whetstone, Gent.	Whetstone, George, 1544?-1587?	1585 (1585)	STC 25339; ESTC S111682	22,474	44

THE HONORABLE REPVTATION of a Souldier With a Morall Report of the Vertues Offices and by abuse the Disgrace of his profession Drawen out of the liues documents and disciplines of the most renowned Romaine Grecian and other famous Martialistes By George Whetstone Gent. Malgre de Fortune Imprinted at London by Richard Iones dwelling neere vnto Holburne Bridge 1585. To the most worthy Gent. Sir William Russell Knight accomplishment of his honorable desire SIR hauing I may truly saye with much labour compiled a booke Intituled The English Mirour the first part setting ●orth The Conquests of Enuy cōtaining ruine and subuertion of the auncient M●narchies and common weales c. The second part shewing Enuy to be conquered by Vertue publishing the peaceable victories of her Maiestie to Gods ●ye glorie and vniuersall wonder The third part intituled A Fortresse against Enuy wherin euery good cōmon wealths-man may see the true offices vertues and by abuse the disgrace of his profession But because the booke is of some volume I cannot haue it speedily printed and for that occasiō now at this present maketh passadge for this Subiet being a member or si●all parcell of the fore-recited booke Therefore as a testimonie of the zeale which I beare to your worship and euery worthy person whose profession is Martiall I reuerently submit my trauell to be censur'd by your able iudgement which medleth no whit with Millitarie execution but altogether with Morall goue●nmēt necessarie for a perfect Souldier For if I my selfe which haue béene brought vp among the Muses in our English onely peaceable and happy gouernmēt should take vppon mee to set forth the order of battailes th'aduantages of places the benifits of stratagems with many other Millitary regards both offenciue and defenciue I might for my hyre iustly receaue the scoffe that Hamball gaue vnto the Philosopher Phormio who vpon such an indiscrete discriptiō ●ould him that The Art millitarie was sooner learned of Souldiers in the brode fields thē of Philosophers in close scoles And certainly Haniball aunswered more like Philosopher then Phormio reasoned like a Souldier for Experiēce is y e true Teacher of all Artes and therefore that honorable part of a Souldier which containeth Martiall execution I leaue to the report of the well experiēced Captaine and no doubt among the worthie English Capt●●nes there are some that can vse both Caesars pen and sword My trauell which worketh betweene fire and frost as I haue saide onely containeth The Moral vertues honorable Reputatiō of a Souldier And certainly two of the greatest partes therof Caesar setteth forth i● that which bee calleth his chiefest glorie which was Mamillus vpō occasiō asked Caesar what thing hee had done wherein hee held him selfe most honored I sweare vnto thee MAMILLVS by the immortall Gods sayd CESAR that I haue done nothing whereof I hould my selfe so much honored and happy as for that I haue liberally rewarded those which haue serued mee and mercifully haue forgiuen such as haue offended me Words and vertues beseeming Caesar and without which Caesar could neuer haue beene Monarcke of the whole worlde for the Captaine that lib●rally rewardeth his Souldiers shall haue his souldiers resolute in execution and who showeth mercy to his Enimie shal conquer millions with loue The Spainiard is so insolent and outragious where he ouercommeth as hee is hated to death of those which ●baye him for f●are I haue séene ample experience therof both in the Duchy of Millaine and kingdome of Naples And your god fauour and patience desired I shall show no impertinent example In the yeare 1580. in which year the Pope and his confederates hoped to haue had a great day in Englande whose expectation God alwayes frustrate my selfe with one other English Gentleman who in this commendation will haue his name concealed were at Thurin intertained into the companie of a worthy Gentleman of Picardie named Monseur Dobart who was then ready to trauell into Italy and being all lodged one night in a Garrison town in the Duchy of Millain neare vnto the Riuer of Poo at the middest of supper a haughtie proude Spaniard came and sat him downe by vs. Monseur Dobart bearing an affectionate zeale vnto her Maiestie the state of England as well for that he was an earnest protestant as for that his sister and other frends were honorably vsed in the Court of England in the former troubles of Fraunce demaunded of the Spaniard what might bee the cause that the King of Spaine had that yeare raised so great an Army The Spaniard forthwith made this proude insolent aunswere Ah Sir the time nowe draweth neare that we shall haue the spoile of rich England that we shall embrace their faire wiues and make hauocke of their lōg gathered riches And disco●ering that there was an Englishman in companie that tolierated these hie wordes hee beganne spitefully to bra●e him But on ●he soden the spaniard sound the temper of the English-mans fingers so that shame to repaire his disgrace compelled the Spaniard to offer combat Monseur Dobart very honorably vndertooke that the English-Gentleman should the next morning by six of the clocke be ready to crosse the Riuer of Poo with the spaniard to commit eithers cause to God and their swords This was mutually agréed vpon but by breake of the daye the spaniards brags vanished like bubbles be himselfe slipt away without giuing any bon-giorno so that the English Gentleman could haue no further reuenge sauing that in the place of this controuersie finding this Italian sentēce to be writtē Le parole son femine i fatti son maschi 〈◊〉 in dispight wrote vnderneath Donques gli spanioli son femine et gli Inglese son maschi and truly the h●aste of the house with many dispightful words of the spaniards proude naughty behauiour to his perpetual blame hath faithfully promised that the subscription should not be rased out without being secretly new written againe But the spaniard had reuēge inough by the Gentlemans owne contrymen for Monseur Dobart as hee thought to honour him imparted this accident to certaine Englishmen at Bologna among whome there were that so posted the matter to Rome as when the poore Gent. arri●es there hee was stayed at the gate nowe called Porto del populi and there was kept eight daies hauing no other bed but the bare ground and well neare starued for want of foode In fine all his other Bollitines and Warrants to trauell being taken away On the s●daine the Stappado was hanged forth and the Gentleman vpō paine thereof commanded presently to depart to whome was deliuered a Vollitine for Naples What violence hee further sustained his humour will not agree to open it for I am sure he hath bene seldome hard to pursue any mās disgrace and neuer knowne publikely to bem●ne his owne hard fortunes which haue beene many and violent And albeit his name be here concealed yet if any exceptiō be taken against this report let me

Princes that neyther aske aduise of God nor seeke satisfaction with quietnesse If any man brought the Romaines tydinges of some Prouince reuolted or of any other iust cause of warre the Senate first sent to the Offenders frendly requiring them to returne to their obediēce if they continued their contempt they thē created their Captaines for this expedition But before any prosecution they caused their Sacrificators to make praiers vnto the gods after this the Senate assembled themselues and went vnto the Temple of Iupiter and there solemply swore that so oftē as the enemy against whom they moued war would seeke new conditions or craue pardō for their offences committed that their clemēcy should at no time be denyed This done the Consull elect for the enterprise went vnto the Capitoll and there made a solempne vowe that if he retourned with victorie he would offer vnto the Gods some special pretious thing After this the Banner of the Eagle which was the auncient Ensigne of Rome was displayed in the field called Mars by which the people were warned that during the tyme that the Citizens their parents were in the warres that they should neyther celebrate feasts or publicke spectacles finally a Preest mounted vpō the gate called Salarie caused a Trumpet to be soūded to sommon the men of warre and there euery particuler Captaine receiued his ensigne by this it was publikly known that they set not forward their Armies before they had appeased and honored their Gods The Athenians neuer moued warre before the Philosophers and the graue Common-wealthes-men had aduisedly considered whether the same were righteous or no. The Israelites prosecuted the warre by derectiō of the Prophets as appeareth by m●nyexāples of the olde Testament when the Captaines and Souldiers were thus sacisfied by the Prophetes graue common wealthes-men that they should in the extreamest degree but sacrifice their bloods in the seruice of God the safetie of their Countrey and their owne immortall honnour Small is the wounder if they lightly regarded of life and proudely encountred death Sole desire of fame zeale to do their Contrey seruice moued many that had no thought of the immortalitie of the soule to bee wilfull executioners of their owne liues Plutarke writeth that in Phrigia there was a great gaping of y e earth out of which swelled great waters that ouerthrewe many houses Ancurus king Midas sonne hearing that Gods Ire would not be appeased vntil some one mā leaped into the Gulfe Desire of fame which those heathen men reputed an immortall life hastened Ancurus to leape into that Gulfe as hee thought with the losse of his life to rid his country from this outragious water Curtius the noble Romane did the like vpon the like occasion The two worthy Lacedimonians Spartius Bulides voluntarily bowed their neckes to the gallowes to make satisfactiō for the offence of the Lacedemoniās who contrary to the law of all nations which protecteth euery Ambassadour both in time of peace warre slew king Xerxes Ambassadour Themistocles Mutius Scevola and many others might bee ioyned with these examples but especially the acte of Codrus the last king of Athens is worthy remēbraūce it was foretould by the Oracle at Delphos that if the Athenians would bee victors their kinge must needs be slaine When Codrus vnderstoode that the libertie of his countrie stood vpon the losse of his life hee pre●ētly in the habit of a slaue entred the campe of the Pelloponians and Dorians his enimies and quarelled vntill he was slaine Beholde the noble resolution of the auncient Captaines a nūber feared not death almost euery one hated a dishonorable life The Souldiers of Caesar many tymes died desperatly rather then they would bee the seruile prisoners of their enimies Among many y e most hardy attemps that the Iewes made vpon Vespasian his sonne Titus to bee delinered of the Romane seruitude this one example of their proude disdaine of life shewed their litle feare of death When God to chasten the greeuous sinnes of the Iewes suffred them notwithstanding their invincible courage to be slaine by the Romanes of a number that were slaine there being but fortie one left aliue which few rather thē the Romanes should haue any glory of their captiuitie by the drawing of lottes they appoincted one to be the executioner of an other The Earle of Shreusbury who in Henry the sixte his time was so feared in Fraunce as the frenchmē to scarre their Children as we doe by Robyn good fellow haue to this day a by-word Garde le taulbot being by the enuious contentions in Englande left almost succourlesse in Fraunce In fine was beset with a great power of french men beyonde all possibilitie for his strength to ouercome and albeit hee had good meane to escape by flight yet hee courageously abode their incounter and vpon this resolution he thus sayd vnto his sonne Sonne quoth he thou art yong and mayst with thy honour flye But I am old and haue had my life honored with many victories all which I should loose if I should deferre my death which by course of nature cannot bee farre of by a tymerous flight Therefore I am bound to staye What should his sonne doe but euen which he did followe the fortune of his father and so like as they liued they dyed valiant men This presice preseruation of honor neither the deuines nor many polliticke Martialistes do allowe the one absolutely reprouing desperate ende the other forbidding a mā wilfully to dye when by his death hee neither benefiteth his frend nor hurteth his enimie And yet the greatnes of these mens courages are to be honored although not necessary to be followed But necessitie many tymes approueth resolute bouldnesse to be honorable profitable and necessarie As at the Moūtaine Antilliban in Arabia Alexander being a foote farre off his Army through care that he had of his Tutor Lysimacus who in a maner was tyred with trauell and being bee-nighted and out of his waye hee perceaued that his barborous enimies had made diuers fires in the Mountaine by whome he must passe and therefore as his best remedy in that extremitie he sodenly set vppon one of the cōpanies slue two of the saluadges and like a Fury with a firebrand in his hand he made a passage vntill hee came vnto his Campe And by this hazard hee both preserued him selfe and those that were with him But his hardiest aduenture was among the Malians the stoutest people of y e Indians who hauing scaled the walles of their Cittie his scaling ladder broke and seeing that his Enimies assaulted him sharply with thieir Darts he sodenly leaped among the thickest of them who with the noyse and shining of his Armour so feared his enemies supposing that a light or sprite went before him they fled on euery side and when in the end they assailed him hee set his backe to the wall and fought

or to his booke who being one day in a mortall danger at Alexandria to saue himself he leaped into the water and uing a Booke in his hande he had such care thereof as he held that hande vpon his head and wrought for his life with the other Alexander the great was so addicted to Homers ●●iades as he appointed the most magnificēt Iewell boxe of Darius to keepe the same In the tyme vnder the reignes of the famous Monarks Captaines learning and learned men most florished The reason was the Leaders of Armies were great louers of learning Antigonus king of Macedone to bee instructed in knowledge by his Letter thus saluted the Philosopher Zenon The king Antigonus wisheth health to the Philosopher Zenon I know well that I passe thee in riches and fauours of fortune But I must confesse that thou farre passest me in the true felicitie which consisteth in the knowleadge discipline and study of the liberall Sciences and therefore I desire the accord that I may haue thy companie c. Alexander hearing that Aristotle had written certaine bookes of naturall Philosophie wrote vnto Aristotle in this maner Truly Aristotle thou dec●auest my desire in publishing of this speculatiue Philophie which I thought should properly haue honored myselfe For know thou I rather desire to exceede all men in knowledge and learning then in richesse and dominions Caesar wrote his owne Comentaries diuers other bookes Pirrhus the most worthy Captaine king of the Epyro●es that many times punished the Romanes wrote diuers bookes Especially one of the precepts of warre There were diuers worthy bookes found in the Tents of Haniball which he earnestly studied I might adde many other examples of right famous Captaines that were specially wel learned and to say trueth learning is the most pretious Ornament of a Souldier and the necessariest vertue Couradge hath obtained great victories But pollicie hath gottē wonderful almost incredible Prince Edward king Edwarde the thirds sonne by pollicie ioyned with manhood only with 8000. men ouercame king Iohn of France and his Army of threescore thousand men In which ouerthrowe king Iohn was taken prisoner and sent into England who seeing the graue Consellers that were attendant of the king Shooke his head and sayd These fellowes quoth hee were they that brought me into England attributing his ouerthrow to the graue directions of the kings Counsell The victorious king Henry the fift with lesse then fifteene thousand men whereof many were sicke and diseased with a pollicie of Iron piked stakes ouerthrew the whole power and flower of the Nobilitie of Fraunce The wonderfull ouerthrowes that haue beene giuen by politicke stratagemes which were euermore the directions of the learned and well studied Captaines doe in a maner commaunde Martiall Professors to hunt after newe Stratagemes and deuises to annoy the Enimie He that is studious and occupieth his leasurable times in working out of aduauntages is likely to hurt y e enimie more by his deuises in y ● campe then by fighting in the field Cicero was not naturally giuē to follow Armes as appeared by his saying Cedant Arma toge● yea● for that by his pollicy and wisedome hee deliuered Rome from the dangerous conspiracie of Cattiline He by dispensation was recompenced with the Crowne Ciuique The dangerous and mortall engines of warre were the ingenious deuises of y e learned Captains The Po●t Lucretius saith that in the beginning men only reuen●ed their cholor with scratching byting afterwards they fel to throwing of s●ones and to sight with truncheons of woo It was long before the hatred and malice of man founde out this pearceing Iron hid of the intrailes of the earth The AEtolians were the first that brought the Launce into the ●ie●de The Lacedimonians deuised the Sword and the Hachet The AEgiptians the Healmet and the shield Sci●us the sonne of Iupiter deuised Dartes and Arrowes Eusebius writeth that Moyses deuysed many engines of warre The Athenians inuented the Scorpion or Arbaliste but all these were light in respect of Gūpouder other Artillery Which some saye were inuented by an Alman whose name is not knowne and certainely worthyly as one vnworthie of memorie These being the engenious Inuētions of men there are no doubt more ●idden secrets to annoye the enimie which the study of the carefull Martialistes no doubt may worke out And considering that pollicie neuer so much abounded and mischiefe and iniquitie exceedeth the same So that to ouerthrowe confounde the enimie all feare of God and humaine charitie is banished Therefore to incoūter such furies the Souldier that fighteth in a iust quarrell in my opinion in the feare of God and Christian allowance may doe as the wise Phisitians doe expell one poyson with an other and yet with this Iudgement that milder courses be first attempted As before this most Christian and charitable succour which her sacred Maiestie annointed by gods prouidence to be the comfort of all Christian afflictions sendeth to relieue the oppressions of the long aflicted Inhabitants of the Lowe Countries hath beene effectually desired and lightly regaded And therefore you worthy Gentlemen which are armed in Gods and her Maiesties seruice for that your quarrell is grounded vpon compassion Iustice and polliticke iudgement for the safetie of your owne Countrey I hope which thousands desire you shall returne attired with your enimies ouerthrowe Which God graunt to his glory and your euerlasting honour Amen FINIS Reputation of a Soldier Millitarie Iustice. Viriat Arsases Agatocles Ptolomie Isicrates Eumenes Elius Pertinax Dioclesian Valentian Probus Aurelius Marcus Iulius Licinius Bonosus Tarquinius priscus Lamutius Tamberlaine Caius Marius Frauncis Sforce A straight lawe Alexanders Iustice. Iustin. Lib. 3 Tie●s 〈◊〉 lib●o 30 Crownes or garlandes giuē for proper seruices Obsidionale Pli. lib. 16 Aul. Gel. Lib. 5. Civique Murale Castreuse ●auale Honorable names giuen vnto the Romaine Captaines Monarchie Oligarchie Diodi Lib. 6. Pli Llib 2. Iustin. Lib. 1● The honorable reputation of a Souldier dearily bought The religious Ceremonies that the Romains vsed before the attempted warre Spes famae Solet ad virtutem impellere multos The working of fame Iustin. Lib ● Ioseph Bel. Iude. Hawles Cro. Needelesse desperatnesse not allowed Plut. devit Alex. The dangerous aduenture of Alexder The successe of Caesars dangerous aduenture The feare of god most necessarie for Souldiers Testament Millitarie Ioseph de Bel. lude Pet. Mesi. Plut devit Caesar. Clemencie a worthie vertue in a Souldier Clemencie of Augustus A difference betweene Tyrannie and Clemencie Caesars Clemency A Temple erected in honor of Caesars clemencie The clemencie of Alexander the great The death of Caesar reuenged by the common p●●tplc The vice of incontinency Continency a speciall vertue in a Souldier The Continencie of Alexander Darius prayer The Continencie of Scipio Pet. Mes. de Cho. mem lib. 2 Commendation of Scipio De vitae Scip. Temperance in dyet requi●●● in a Souldier Ease the spoile of a Souldier Alexander enemie to Idlenesse He must not bee idle that worketh for a Kingdome Plut. devit Ces. The Romanes punished and hated dishonorable Conquestes damnable pollicie● Obedience especially required of a Souldier ● seuere example The difference betweene rash and necessary bouldnesse An intemperat● parte Cowardlynes reprehended A pollycie to harden a Cowarde A sharpe example De Rep. Ang. Enuie a daungerous passion in a Souldier The Athenians remedie for Enuie An honorable kinde of Enuie 〈◊〉 a fault among the gre●●est A worthy example Disdaine a foule fault 〈◊〉 a Souldier A pro●itable example Originall of disdaine The seru●ce of Caesars ●arber Alexanders Boo●e of dayly rememberaunces A good Souldier ought to be studious in matters of Pollycie Pet. Mes. ●e 〈◊〉 ●end Plo● devit Cae●ar Prince Edwardes vict●rie The Battel of Agincourt is Fraunce Pli● lib. 7. cho 16. Lib. de prep●ratiō Euanget lique