my Intention to give your Grace a faithful account of Your Graces Commands as becomes May it please your Grace Your Graces most humble and most obedient Servant Iohn Rolleston THE LIFE OF THE MOST ILLUSTRIOUS PRINCE WILLIAM Duke of Newcastle The First Book SInce my chief intent in this present Work is to describe the Life and Actions of My Noble Lord and Husband William Duke of Newcastle I shall do it with as much Brevity Perspicuity and Truth as is required of an Impartial Historian The History of his Pedigree I shall refer to the Heralds and partly give you an account thereof at the latter end of this work onely thus much I shall now mention as will be requisite for the better understanding of the following discourse His Grandfather by his Fathers side was Sir William Cavendish Privy Counsellour and Treasurer of the Chamber to King Henry the Eighth Edward the Sixth and Queen Mary His Grandfather by his Mother was Cuthbert Lord Ogle an ancient Baron His Father Sir Charles Cavendish was the youngest son to Sir William and had no other Children but three Sons whereof My Lord was the Second but his elder Brother dying in his Infancy left both his Title and Birth-right to My Lord so that My Lord had then but one onely Brother left whose name was Charles after his Father whereas My Lord had the name of his Grandfather These two Brothers were partly bred with Gilbert Earl of Shrewsbury their Uncle in Law and their Aunt Mary Countess of Gilbert's Wife and Sister to their Father for there interceded an intire and constant Friendship between the said Gilbert Earl of Shrewsbury and My Lord's Father Sir Charles Cavendish caused not onely by the marriage of My Lord's Aunt his Fathers Sister to the aforesaid Gilbert Earl of Shrewsbury and by the marriage of George Earl of Gilbert's Father with My Lord's Grandmother by his Fathers side but Sir Charles Cavendish My Lord's Father and Gilbert Earl of Shrewsbury being brought up and bred together in one Family and grown up as parts of one body after they came to be beyond Children and travelled together into foreign Countries to observe the Fashions Laws and Customs of other Nations contracted such an intire Friendship which lasted to their death neither did they out live each other long for My Lord's Father Sir Charles Cavendish lived but one year after Gilbert Earl of Shrewsbury But both My Lords Parents and his Aunt and Uncle in Law shewed always a great and fond love to My Lord endeavouring when He was but a Child to please him with what he most delighted in When He was grown to the Age of fifteen or sixteen he was made Knight of the Bath an ancient and honourable Order at the time when Henry King Iames of blessed Memory His eldest Son was created Prince of Wales and soon after he went to travel with Sir Henry Wotton who was sent as Ambassador Extraordinary to the then Duke of Savoy which Duke made very much of My Lord and when he would be free in Feasting placed Him next to himself Before My Lord did return with the Ambassador into England the said Duke profer'd My Lord that if he would stay with him he would not onely confer upon him the best Titles of Honour he could but also give him an honourable Command in War although My Lord was but young for the Duke had then some designs of War But the Ambassador who had taken the care of My Lord would not leave Him behind without his Parents consent At last when My Lord took his leave of the Duke the Duke being a very generous person presented Him with a Spanish Horse a Saddle very richly embroidered and with a rich Jewel of Diamonds Some time after My Lord's return into England Gilbert Earl of Shrewsbury died and left My Lord though he was then but young and about Twenty two years of age his Executor a year after his Father Sir Charles Cavendish died also His Mother being then a Widow was desirous that My Lord should marry in obedience to whose Commands he chose a Wife both to his own good liking and his Mothers approving who was Daughter and Heir to William Basset of Blore Esq a very honourable and ancient Family in Stafford-Shire by whom was added a great part to His Estate as hereafter shall be mentioned After My Lord was married he lived for the most part in the Country and pleased Himself and his neighbours with Hospitality and such delights as the Country afforded onely now and then he would go up to London for some short time to wait on the King About this time King Iames of blessed memory having a purpose to confer some Honour upon My Lord made him Viscount Mansfield and Baron of Bolsover and after the decease of King Iames King Charles the First of blessed Memory constituted him Lord Warden of the Forrest of Sherewood and Lieutenant of Nottingham-Shire and restored his Mother Catharine the second Daughter of Cuthbert Lord Ogle to her Fathers Dignity after the death of her onely Sister Iane Countess of Shrewsbury publickly declaring that it was her Right which Title after the death of his Mother descended also upon My Lord and his Heirs General together with a large Inheritance of 3000 l. a year in Northumberland About the same time after the decease of William late Earl of Devonshire his Noble Cousin German My Lord was by his said Majesty made Lord Lieutenant of Derby-Shire which trust and honour after he had enjoyed for several years and managed it like as all other offices put to his Trust with all possible care faithfulness and dexterity during the time of the said Earls Son William the now Earl of Devonshire his Minority as soon as this same Earl was come to age and by Law made capable of that trust he willingly and freely resign'd it into his hands he having hitherto kept it onely for him that he and no body else might succeed his Father in that dignity In these and all other both publick and private imployments My Lord hath ever been careful to keep up the Kings Rights to the uttermost of his power to strengthen those mentioned Counties with Ammunition and to administer Justice to every one for he refused no mans Petition but sent all that came to him either for relief or justice away from him fully satisfied Not long after his being made Lieutenant of Nottingham-Shire there was found so great a defect of Armes and Ammunition in that County that the Lords of the Council being advertised thereof as the manner then was His Majesty commanded a levy to be made upon the whole County for the supply thereof whereupon the sum of 500 l. or thereabout was accordingly levied for that purpose and three Persons of Quality then Deputy Lieutenants were desired by My Lord to receive the money and see it disposed which being done accordingly and a certain account rendred to My Lord he voluntarily
Crown but so soon as it fell that fell too and my Lord was then in a manner forced to seek his own preservation in foreign Countries where God was pleased to make strangers his Friends who received and protected him when he was banished his native Country and relieved him when his own Country-men sought to starve him by withholding from him what was justly his own onely for his Honesty and Loyalty which relief he received more from the Commons of those parts where he lived then from Princes he being unwilling to trouble any foreign Prince with his wants and miseries well knowing that Gifts of Great Princes come slowly and not without much difficulty neither loves he to petition any one but His own Soveraign But though my Lord by the civility of Strangers and the assistance of some few Friends of his native Country lived in an indifferent Condition yet as it hath been declared heretofore he was put to great plunges and difficulties in so much that his dear Brother Sir Charles Cavendish would often say That though he could not truly complain of want yet his meat never did him good by reason my Lord his Brother was always so near wanting that he was never sure after one meal to have another And though I was not afraid of starving or begging yet my chief fear was that my Lord for his debts would suffer Imprisonment where sadness of Mind and want of Exercise and Air would have wrought his destruction which yet by the Mercy of God he happily avoided Some time before the Restauration of His Majesty to his Royal Throne my Lord partly with the remainder of his Brothers Estate which was but little it being wasted by selling of Land for compounding with the Parliament paying of several debts and buying out the two Houses aforementioned viz. Welbeck and Bolsover and the Credit which his Sons had got which amounted in all to 2400 l. a year sprinkled something amongst his Creditors and borrowed so much of Mr. Top and Mr. Smith though without assurance that he could pay such scores as were most presssing contracted from the poorer sort of Trades-men and send ready mony to Market to avoid cozenage for small scores run up most unreasonably especially if no strict accounts be kept and the rate be left to the Creditors pleasure by which means there was in a short time so much saved as it could not have been imagined About this time a report came of a great number of Sectaries and of several disturbances in England which heightned my Lord's former hopes into a firm belief of a sudden Change in that Kingdom and a happy Restauration of His Majesty which it also pleased God to send according to his expectation for His Majesty was invited by his Subjects who were not able longer to endure those great confusions and encumbrances they had sustained hitherto to take possession of His Hereditary Rights aud the power of all his Dominions And being then at the Hague in Holland to take shipping in those parts for England my Lord went thither to wait on his Majesty who used my Lord very Graciously and his Highness the Duke of York was pleased to offer him one of those Ships that were ordered to transport His Majesty for which he returned his most humble thanks to his Highness and begg'd leave of His Highness that he might hire a Vessel for himself and his Company In the mean time whilst my Lord was at the Hague His Majesty was pleased to tell him That General Monk now Duke of Albemarle had desired the Place of being Master of the Horse To which my Lord answer'd That that gallant Person was worthy of any Favour that His Majesty could confer upon him And having taken his leave of His Majesty and His Highness the Duke of York went towards the Ship that was to transport him for England I might better call it a Boat then a Ship for those that were intrusted by my Lord to hire a Ship for that purpose had hired an old rotten Fregat that was lost the next Voyage after insomuch that when some of the Company that had promised to go over with my Lord saw it they turn'd back and would not endanger their lives in it except the Lord Widdrington who was resolved not to forsake my Lord. My Lord who was so transported with the joy of returning into his Native Countrey that he regarded not the Vessel having set Sail from Rotterdam was so becalmed that he was six dayes and six nights upon the Water during which time he pleased himself with mirth and pass'd his time away as well as he could Provisions he wanted not having them in great store and plenty At last being come so far that he was able to discern the smoak of London which he had not seen in a long time he merrily was pleased to desire one that was near him to jogg and awake him out of his dream for surely said he I have been sixteen years asleep and am not throughly awake yet My Lord lay that night at Greenwich where his Supper seem'd more savoury to him then any meat he had hitherto tasted and the noise of some scraping Fidlers he thought the pleasantest harmony that ever he had heard In the mean time my Lords Son Henry Lord Mansfield now Earl of Ogle was gone to Dover with intention to wait on His Majesty and receive my Lord his Father with all joy and duty thinking he had been with His Majesty but when he miss'd of his design he was very much troubled and more when His Majesty was pleas'd to tell him That my Lord had set to Sea before His Majesty Himself was gone out of Holland fearing my Lord had met with some Misfortune in his Journey because he had not heard of his Landing Wherefore he immediately parted from Dover to seek my Lord whom at last he found at Greenwich with what joy they embraced and saluted each other my Pen is too weak to express But all this while and after my Lord was gone from Antwerp I was left alone there with some of my servants for my Lord being in Holland with His Majesty declared in a Letter to me his intention of going for England withal commanding me to stay in that City as a Pawn for his debts until he could compass money to discharge them and to excuse him to the Magistrates of the said City for not taking his leave of them and paying his due thanks for their great civilities which he desired me to do in his behalf And certainly my Lords affection to me was such that it made him very industrious in providing those means for it being uncertain what or whether he should have any thing of his Estate made it a difficult business for him to borrow Mony At last he received some of one Mr. Ash now Sir Ioseph Ash a Merchant of Antwerp which he returned to me but what with the expence I had made in the mean while and
his Friends to try what means he could procure for his subsistance but though he used all the industry and endeavour he could yet he effected but little by reason every body was so affraid of the Parliament that they durst not relieve Him who was counted a Traitor for his Honest and Loyal service to his King and Country Not long after My Lord had profers made him of some Rich Matches in England for his two Sons whom therefore he sent thither with one Mr. Loving hoping by that means to provide both for them and himself but they being arrived there out of some reasons best known to them declared their unwillingness to Marry as yet continuing nevertheless in England and living as well as they could Some two years after my Lord's Marriage when he had prevailed so far with his Creditors that they began to trust him anew the first thing he did was that he removed out of those Lodgings in Paris where he had been necessitated to live hitherto to a House which he hired for himself and his Family and furnished it as well as his new gotten Credit would permit and withal resolving for his own recreation and divertisement in his banished condition to exercise the Art of Mannage which he is a great lover and Master of bought a Barbary-horse for that purpose which cost him 200 Pistols and soon after another Barbary-horse from the Lord Crofts for which he was to pay him 100 l. when he returned into England About this time there was a Council call'd at St. Germain in which were present besides My Lord Her Majesty the now Queen Mother of England His Highness the Prince our now gracious King His Cousin Prince Rupert the Marquess of Worcester the then Marquess now Duke of Ormond the Lord Iermyn now Earl of St. Albans and several others where after several debates concerning the then present condition of His Majesty King Charles the First my Lord delivered his sentiment that he could perceive no other probability of procuring Forces for His Majesty but an assistance of the Scots But Her Majesty was pleased to answer my Lord That he was too quick Not long after When my Lord had begun to settle himsef in his mentioned new house His gracious Master the Prince having taken a resolution to go into Holland upon some designs Her Majesty the Queen Mother desired my Lord to follow him promising to engage for his debts which hitherto he had contracted at Paris and commanding Her Controller and Treasurer to be bound for them in Her behalf which they did although the Creditors would not content themselves until my Lord had joined his word to theirs So great and generous was the bounty and favour of Her Majesty to my Lord considering she had already given him heretofore near upon 2000 l. Sterling even at that time when Her Majesty stood most in need of it My Lord after his Highness the Prince was gone being ready to execute Her Majesties Commands in following Him and preparing for his Journey wanted the chief thing which was Money and having much endeavoured for it at last had the good Fortune to obtain upon Credit three or four hundred pounds sterl With which Sum he set out of Paris in the same Equipage he entred viz. One Coach which he had newly caused to be made wherein were the Lord Widdrington my Lord's Brother Sir Charles Cavendish Mr. Loving my Waiting-Maid and some others whereof the two later were then returned out of England one little Chariot that would onely hold my Lord and my self and three Waggons besides an indifferent number of Servants on Horse-back That day when we left Paris the Creditors coming to take their Farwell of my Lord expressed so great a love and kindness for him accompanied vvith so many hearty Prayers and Wishes that he could not but prosper on his Journey Being come into the King of Spain's Dominions my Lord found a very Noble Reception At Cambray the Governour vvas so civil that my Lord coming to that place somevvhat late and vvhen it vvas dark he commanded some Lights and Torches to meet my Lord and conduct him to his Lodgings He offer'd my Lord the Keys of the City and desir'd him to give the Word that night and moreover invited him to an Entertainment which he had made for him of purpose but it being late my Lord tyred with his Journey excused himself as civilly as he could the Governour notwithstanding being pleased to send all manner of Provisions to my Lords Lodgings and charging our Landlord to take no pay for any thing we had Which extraordinary Civilities shewed that he was a Right Noble Spaniard The next morning early my Lord went on his Journey and was very civilly used in every place of His Majesty of Spain's Dominions where he arrived At last coming to Antwerp He took water to Rotterdam which Town he chose for his residing place during the time of his stay in Holland and sent thither to a Friend of his a Gentleman of Quality to provide him some Lodgings which he did and procured them at the house of one Mrs. Banaum Widow to an English Merchant who had always been very Loyal to His Majesty the King of England and serviceable to His Majesties faithful Subjects in whatsoever lay in his Power My Lord being come to Rotterdam was informed that His Highness the Prince now our Gracious King was gone to Sea Wherefore he resolved to follow him and for that purpose hired a Boat and victual'd it but since no body knew whither His Highness was gone and I being unwilling that my Lord should venture upon so uncertain a Voyage and as the Proverb is Seek a Needle in a Bottle of Hay he desisted from that design The Lord Widdrington nevertheless and Sir Will. Throckmorton being resolved to find out the Prince but having by a storm been driven towards the Coast of Scotland and endangered their lives they returned without obtaining their aim After some little time my Lord having notice that the Prince was arrived at the Hague he went to wait on His Highness which he also did afterwards at several times so long as His Highness continued there expecting some opportunity where he might be able to shew his readiness to serve His King and Countrey as certainly there was no little hopes for it for first it was believed that the English Fleet would come and render it self into the obedience of the Prince next it was reported that the Duke of Hamilton was going out of Scotland with a great Army into England to the assistance of His Majesty and that His Majesty had then some party at Colchester but it pleased God that none of these proved effectual For the Fleet did not come in the Duke of Hamilton's Army was destroyed and Colchester was taken by the Enemy where my dear Brother Sir Charles Lucas and his dear Friend Sir George Lile were most inhumanly murther'd and shot to death they
obstructions and hinderances yet as he undertook it chearfully and out of pure Loyalty and Obedience to His Majesty so he ordered it so wisely that so long as he acted by his own Counsels and was personally present at the execution of his Designs he was always prosperous in his Success And although he had so great an Army as aforementioned yet by his wise and prudent Conduct there appear'd no visible sign of devastation in any of the Countreys where he marched for first he setled a constant Rule for the Regular levy of money for the convenient Maintenance of the Soldiery Next he constituted such Officers of his Army that most of them were known to be Gentlemen of large and fair Estates which drew a good part of their private Revenues to serve and support them in their publick Employments wherein my Lord did lead them the way by his own good Example To which may be added his wisdom in ordering the Government of the Church for the advancement of the Orthodox Religion and suppression of Factions as also in Coyning Printing Knighting and the like which he used with great discretion and prudence onely for the Interest of His Majesty and the benefit of the Kingdom as formerly has been mentioned The Prudent mannage of his private and domestick affairs appears sufficiently 1. In his Marriage 2. In the ordering and increasing his Estate before the Wars which notwithstanding his Noble House-keeping and Hospitality and his Generous Bounty and Charity he increased to the value of 100000 l. 3. In the ordering his Affairs in the time of Banishment where although he received not the least of his own estate during all the time of his exile until his return yet maintained himself handsomely and nobly according to his Quality as much as his Condition at that time would permit 4. In reducing his torn and ruined Estate after his return which beyond all probability himself hath setled and order'd so that his Posterity will have reason gratefully to remember it In short Although my Lord naturally loves not business especially those of State though he understands them as well as any body yet what business or affairs he cannot avoid none will do them better then himself His private affairs he orders without any noise or trouble not over-hastily but wisely Neither is he passionate in acting of business but hears patiently and orders soberly and pierces into the heart or bottom of a business at the first encounter but before all things he considers well before he undertakes a business whether he be able to go through it or no for he never ventures upon either publick or private business beyond his strength And here I cannot forbear to mention that my Noble Lord when he was in banishment presumed out of his Duty and Love to his Gracious Master our now Soveraign King Charles the Second to write and send him a little Book or rather a Letter wherein he delivered his Opinion concerning the Government of his Dominions whensoever God should be pleased to restore him to his Throne together with some other Notes and Observations of Foreign States and Kingdoms but it being a private offer to His sacred Majesty I dare not presume to publish it 5. Of His Blessings ALthough my Lord hath been one of the most Unfortunate Persons of his Rank and Quality which this later age did produce yet Heaven hath been so propitious to him that it bestowed some blessings upon him even in the midst of his Misfortunes and supported him against Fortunes Malice which otherwise as it seems had designed his total ruine and destruction Of these Blessings I may name in the first place 1. The Royal Favours of His Gracious Soveraign's and the good esteem they had of his Fidelity and Loyalty which as it was the chief of his endeavours so he esteemed it above all the rest To repeat them particularly would be too tedious and they are sufficiently apparent out of the precedent History onely this I may add that King Charles the First out of a singular Favour to my Lord was pleased upon his most humble request to create several Noble-men the Names of them left I commit an offence I shall not mention by reason most men usually pretend such claimes upon the Ground of their own Merit 2. That God was pleased to bless him with Wealth and Power to enable him the better for the service of his King and Country 3. That he made him happy in his Marriage for his first Wife was a very kind loving and Virtuous Lady and bless'd him with Dutiful and Obedient Children free from Vices Noble and Generous both in ther Natures and Actions who did all that lay in their power to support and relieve my Lord their Father in his Banishment as before is mentioned 4. The Kindness and Civility which my Lord received from Strangers and the Inhabitants of those places where he lived during the time of his Banishment for had it not been for them he would have perished in his extream wants but it pleased God so to provide for him that although he wanted an Estate yet he wanted not Credit and although he was banished and forsaken by his own Friends and Country-men yet he was civilly received and relieved by strangers until God bless'd him Lastly With a happy return to his Native Country his dear Children and his own Estate which although he found much ruined and broke yet by his Prudence and Wisdom hath order'd as well as he could and I hope and pray God to add this blessing to all the rest That he may live long to encrease it for the benefit of his Posterity 6. Of his Honours and Dignities THe Honours Titles and Dignities which were conferr'd upon my Lord by King Iames King Charles the First and King Charles the Second partly as an encouragement for future Service and a Reward for past are following 1. He was made Knight of the Bath when he was but 15 or 16 years of Age at the Creation of Henry Prince of Wales King Iames's Eldest Son 2. King Iames Created him Viscount Mansfield and Baron of Bolsover 3. King Charles the First constituted him Lord Lieutenant of Nottinghamshire and 4. Lord Warden of the Forrest of Sherwood as also 5. Lord Lieutenant of Derby-shire 6. He chose him Governour to His Son Charles our now gracious King and 7. Made him one of his Honourable Privy Council 8. He constituted him Governour of the Town and County of Newcastle and General of all His Majesties Forces raised and to be raised in the Northern parts of England as also of the several Counties of Nottingham Lincoln Rutland Derby Stafford Leicester Warwick Northampton Huntington Cambridg Norfolk Sussex Essex and Hereford together with all the Appurtenances belonging to so great a Power as is formerly declared 9. He conferr'd upon him the Honour and Title of Earl of Newcastle and Baron of Bothal and Hepple 10. He created him Marquess of Newcastle 11. His
and one daughter whereof the eldest son Thomas since the Restauration of King Charles the Second was restored to the Dignity of his Ancestors viz. Duke of Norfolk next to the Royal Family the first Duke of England And this is briefly the Pedigree of my dear Lord and Husband from his Grandfather by his Fathers side concerning his Kindred and alliances by his Mother who was Katherine Daughter to Cuthbert Lord Ogle they are so many that it is impossible for me to enumerate them all My Lord being by his Mother related to the chief of the most ancient Families of Northumberland and other the Northern parts onely this I may mention that My Lord is a Peer of the Realm from the first year of King Edward the Fourth his Reign THE FOURTH BOOK Containing several Essays and Discourses Gather'd from the Mouth of MY NOBLE LORD and HVSBAND With some few Notes of mine own I have heard My Lord say I. THat those which command the Wealth of a Kingdom command the hearts and hands of the People II. That He is a great Monarch who hath a Soveraign Command over Church Laws and Armes and He a wise Monarch that imploys his subjects for their own profit for their profit is his encourages Tradesmen and assists and defends Merchants III. That it is a part of Prudence in a Commonwealth or Kingdom to encourage drayners for drowned Lands are onely fit to maintain and encrease some wild Ducks whereas being drained they are able to afford nourishment and food to Cattel besides the producing of several sorts of Fruit and Corn. IV. That without a well order'd force a Prince doth but reign upon the courtesie of others V. That great Princes should not suffer their chief Cities to be stronger then themselves VI. That great Princes are half-armed when their subjects are unarmed unless it be in time of Foreign Wars VII That that Prince is richest who is Master of the Purse and he strongest that is Master of the Armes and he wisest that can tell how to save the one and use the other VIII That Great Princes should be the onely Pay-Masters of their Soldiers and pay them out of their own Treasuries for all men follow the Purse and so they 'l have both the Civil and Martial Power in their hands IX That Great Monarchs should rather study men then Books for all affairs or business are amongst Men. X. That a Prince should advance Foreign Trade or Traffick to the utmost of his Power because no State or Kingdom can be Rich without it and where Subjects are poor the Soveraign can have but little XI That Trade and Traffick brings Honey to the Hive that is to say Riches to the Commonwealth whereas other Professions are so far from that that they rather rob the Commonwealth instead of enriching it XII That it is not so much unseasonable Weather that makes the Countrey complain of Scarcity but want of Commerce for whensoever Commodities are cheap it is a sign that Commerce is decayed because the cheapness of them shews a scarcity of money for example put the case five men came to Market to buy a Horse and each of them had no more but ten pounds the Seller can receive no more then what the Buyer has but must content himself with those ten pounds if he be necessitated to sell his Horse But if each one of the Buyers had an hundred pounds to lay out for a Horse the Seller might receive as much Thus Commodities are cheap or dear according to the plenty or scarcity of money and though we had Mynes of Gold and Silver at home and no Traffick into Foreign parts yet we should want necessaries from other Nations which proves that no Nation can live or subsist well without Foreign Trade and Commerce for God and Nature have order'd it so That no particular Nation is provided with all things XIII That Merchants by carrying out more Commodities then they bring in that is to say by selling more then they buy do enrich a State or Kingdom with money that hath none in its own bowels but what Kingdom or State soever hath Mynes of Gold and Silver there Merchants buy more then they sell to furnish and accommodate it with necessary provisions XIV That debasing and setting a higher value upon money is but a present shift of poor and needy Princes and doth more hurt for the future then good for the present XV. That Foraign Commerce causes frequent Voyages and frequent Voyages make skilful and experienced Sea-men and Skilful Seamen are a Brazen Wall to an Island XVI That he is the Powerfullest Monarch that hath the best shipping and that a Prince should hinder his Neighbours as much as he can from being strong at Sea XVII That wise States-men ought to understand the Laws Customes and Trade of the Commonwealth and have good intelligence both of Foraign Transactions and Designs and of Domestick Factions also they ought to have a Treasury and well-furnished Magazine XVIII That it is a great matter in a State or Kingdom to take care of the Education of Youth to breed them so that they may know first how to obey and then how to command and order affairs wisely XIX That it is great Wisdom in a State to breed and train up good States men As first To let them be some time at the Universities Next To put them to the Innes of Court that they may have some knowledg of the Laws of the Land then to send them to travel with some Ambassador in the quality of Secretary and let them be Agents or Residents in Foraign Countreys Fourthly To make them Clerks of the Signet or Council And lastly To make them Secretaries of State or give them some other Employment in State-Affairs XX. That there should be more Praying and less Preaching for much Preaching breeds Faction but much Praying causes Devotion XXI That young people should be frequently Catechised and that Wise Men rather then Learned should be chosen heads of Schools and Colledges XXII That the more divisions there are in Church and State the more trouble and confusion is apt to ensue Wherefore too many Controversies and Disputes in the one and too many Law-Cases and Pleadings in the other ought to be avoided and suppressed XXIII That Disputes and Factions amongst States-men are fore-runners of future disorders if not total ruines XXIV That all Books of Controversies should be writ in Latin that none but the Learned may read them and that there should be no Disputations but in Schools lest it breed Factions amongst the Vulgar for Disputations and Controversies are a kind of Civil War maintained by the Pen and often draw out the sword soon after Also that all Prayer-Books should be writ in the native Language that Excommunications should not be too frequent for every little and petty trespass that every Clergy-man should be kind and loving to his Parishioners not proud and quarrelsome XXV That Ceremony is nothing in
married Christian Daughter of Edward Lord Bruce a Scots-man by whom he had two Sons and one Daughter the Eldest Son William now Earl of Devonshire married Elizabeth the second Daughter of William Earl of Salisbury by whom he has three children viz. Two Sons and one Daughter whereof the Eldest Son William is married to the second Daughter of Iames now Duke of Ormond the second Son Charles is yet a youth The Daughter Anne married the Lord Rich the onely Son and Child to Charles now Earl of Warwick but he dyed without Issue The second Son of William Earl of Devonshire and Brother to the now Earl of Devonshire was unfortunately slain in the late Civil Warrs as is before mentioned The Daughter of the said William Earl of D evonshire Sister to the now Earl of D evonshire married Robert Lord Rich Eldest Son to Robert Earl of Warwick by whom she had but one Son who married but dyed without Issue The third and youngest Son of Sir William Cavendish Charles Cavendish my Lord's Father had two Wives the first was Daughter and Coheir to Sir Thomas Kidson who dyed a year after her Marriage without issue The second was the younger Daughter of Cuthbert Lord Ogle and after her Elder and onely Sister Iane Wife to Edward Earl of Shrewsbury who dyed without Issue became Heir to her Father's Estate and Title by whom he had three Sons whereof the eldest dyed in his Infancy the second was William my dear Lord and Husband the third Charles who dyed a Batchelour about the age of Sixty three My Lord hath had two Wives the first was Elizabeth Daughter and Heir to William Basset of Bloore in the County of Stafford Esq and Widow to Henry Howard younger Son to Thomas Earl of Suffolk by whom he had ten Children viz. Five Sons and five Daughters whereof five viz. three Sons and two Daughters dyed young the rest viz. Two Sons and three Daughters came to be married His Elder Son Charles Viscount of Mansfield married the Eldest Daughter and Heir of Mr. Richard Rogers by whom he had but one Daughter who dyed soon after her birth and he dyed also without any other Issue His second Son Henry now Earl of Ogle married Francis the eldest Daughter of Mr. William Pierrepont by whom he hath had three Sons and four Daughters two Sons were born before their narural time the third Henry Lord Mansfield is alive The four Daughters are the Lady Elizabeth Lady Frances Lady Margaret and Lady Catharine My Lords three Daughters were thus married The eldest Lady Iane married Charles Cheiney Esq descended of a very noble and ancient Family by whom she hath one Son and two Daughters The second Lady Elizabeth married Iohn now Earl of Bridgwater then Lord Brackly and eldest Son to Iohn then Earl of Bridgwater who died in Childbed and left five Sons and one Daughter whereof the eldest Son Iohn Lord Brackly married the Lady Elizabeth onely Daughter and Child to Iames then Earl of Middlesex My Lords third Daughter the Lady Frances married Oliver Earl of Bullingbrook and hath had no Child yet After the death of my Lords first Wife who died the 17 th of April in the Year 1643 he married me Margaret Daughter to Thomas Lucas of St. Iohns near Colchester in Essex Esquire but hath no Issue by me And this is the Posterity of the three Sons of Sir William Cavendish my Lords Grandfather by his Fathers side The three Daughters were disposed of as followeth The eldest Frances Cavendish married Sir Henry Pierrepont of Holm Pierrepont in the County of Nottingham by whom she had two Sons whereof the first died young The second Robert after Earl of Kingston upon Hull married Gertrude the eldest Daughter and Co-heir to Henry Talbot fourth Son to George Earl of Shrewsbury by whom he had five Sons and three Daughters whereof the eldest Son Henry now Marquess of Dorchester hath had two Wives the first Cecilia Eldest Daughter to the Lord Viscount Bayning by whom he had several Children of which there are living onely two Daughters the eldest Anne who married Iohn Rosse onely Son to Iohn now Earl of Rutland the second Grace who is unmarried His second Wife was Catharine second Daughter to Iames Earl of Derby by whom he has no Issue living The second Son of the Earl of Kingston William married the sole Daughter and Heir of Sir Thomas Harries by whom he had Issue five Sons and five Daughters whereof two Sons and two Daugters died unmarried The other six are Robert the Eldest who married Elizabeth Daughter and Co-heir to Sir Iohn Evelyne by whom he has three Sons and one Daughter The second Son George and the third Gervas are yet unmarried The eldest Daughter of William Pierrepont Frances is married to my Lords now onely Son and Heir Henry Earl of Ogle as before is mentioned The second Grace is married to Gilbert now Earl of Clare by whom he hath Issue Two sons and three daughters The third Gertrude is unmarried The third son of the Earl of Kingston Francis Pierrepont married Elizabeth the eldest daughter of Mr. Bray by whom he had Issue one son and one daughter the son Robert married Anne the daughter of Henry Murray The daughter Frances married William Pagatt eldest son to William Lord Pagatt The fourth son of the Earl of Kingston Gervase is unmarried The fifth son George Pierrepont married the daughter of Mr. Ionas by whom he had two sons unmarried Henry and Samuel The three daughters of the said Earl of Kingston are Frances the eldest who was married to Philip Rowleston the second Mary dyed young the third Elizabeth is unmarried The second daughter of Sir William Cavendish Elizabeth married the Earl of Lennox Unkle to King Iames by whom she had onely one daughter the Lady Arabella who against King Iame's Commands she being after Him and His Children the next Heir to the Crown married William the second son to the Earl of Hereford for which she was put into the Tower where not long after she dyed The youngest daughter Mary Cavendish married Glbert Talbot second son to George Earl of Shrewsbury who after the decease of his Father and his elder Brother Francis who dyed without Issue became Earl of Shrewsbury by whom she had Issue four sons and three daughters the sons all dyed in their Infancy but the daughters were married The eldest Mary Talbot married William Herbert Earl of Pembroke by whom some eighteen years after her Marriage she had one son who dyed young The second daughter Elizabeth married Sir H enry G ray after Earl of Kent the fourth Earl of England by whom she had no Issue The third and youngest daughter Aletheia married Thomas Howard Earl of Arundel the first Earl and Earl-Marshal of England by whom she left two sons Iames who died beyond the seas without Issue and H enry who married Elizabeth daughter of Esme Stuart Duke of Lennox by whom he had Issue several sons