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england_n duke_n king_n york_n 7,865 5 9.8357 5 true
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ID Title Author Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication) STC Words Pages
A06786 Consuetudo, vel lex mercatoria, or The ancient law-merchant Diuided into three parts: according to the essentiall parts of trafficke. Necessarie for all statesmen, iudges, magistrates, temporall and ciuile lawyers, mint-men, merchants, marriners, and all others negotiating in all places of the world. By Gerard Malynes merchant. Malynes, Gerard, fl. 1586-1641. 1622 (1622) STC 17222; ESTC S114044 480,269 516

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subject_a to_o be_v number_v by_o age_n year_n month_n day_n hour_n minute_n and_o their_o division_n and_o subdivision_n we_o can_v in_o this_o place_n omit_v to_o particularise_v concern_v the_o same_o albeit_o it_o may_v be_v think_v inconvenient_a to_o touch_v the_o observation_n of_o the_o period_n of_o monarchy_n and_o commonweal_n commonweal_n period_n of_o monarchy_n &_o commonweal_n make_v by_o some_o author_n which_o by_o many_o important_a reason_n may_v be_v amplify_v some_o distribute_v the_o whole_a age_n of_o the_o world_n into_o three_o part_n ascribe_v to_o every_o age_n 2000_o year_n which_o procee_v from_o that_o common_a opinion_n of_o elias_n a_o certain_a rabbin_z or_o jew_n affirm_v that_o the_o world_n shall_v stand_v 6000_o year_n and_o then_o be_v dissolve_v of_o the_o which_o they_o reckon_v 2000_o year_n before_o the_o law_n 2000_o year_n under_o the_o law_n and_o 2000_o year_n under_o christ_n which_o shall_v be_v shorten_v for_o the_o elect_v sake_n 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regent_n the_o french_a king_n his_o father_n be_v prisoner_n to_o the_o say_a king_n edward_n which_o treaty_n be_v make_v the_o eight_o of_o may_v 1360_o in_o brittany_n near_o chartres_n and_o confirm_v at_o calais_n whereupon_o sixteen_o hostage_n be_v give_v to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n by_o the_o french_a king_n who_o be_v to_o come_v thither_o in_o person_n and_o to_o pay_v three_o million_o of_o crown_n for_o his_o ransom_n of_o two_o crown_n to_o be_v reckon_v for_o a_o english_a noble_a call_v in_o king_n henry_n the_o eight_o his_o time_n angel_n noble_a be_v some_o 750000_o 〈◊〉_d sterling_a france_n the_o ransom_n of_o king_n john_n of_o france_n the_o ship_n whereof_o upon_o the_o one_o side_n do_v signify_v the_o dominion_n of_o the_o sea_n whereunto_o old_a chaucer_n the_o poet_n do_v allude_v in_o henry_n the_o five_o his_o time_n this_o money_n be_v to_o be_v pay_v to_o weet_v six_o hundred_o thousand_o crown_n at_o calais_n within_o 4_o month_n after_o king_n johns_n arrival_n there_o more_fw-mi four_o hundred_o thousand_o crown_n within_o the_o year_n and_o so_o much_o yearly_a until_o the_o full_a payment_n make_v
have_v be_v content_v since_o our_o come_n to_o the_o crown_n to_o tolerate_v a_o indifferent_a and_o promiscuous_a kind_n of_o liberty_n to_o all_o our_o friend_n whatsoever_o to_o fish_n upon_o our_o stream_n and_o upon_o any_o of_o our_o coast_n of_o great_a britain_n ireland_n and_o other_o adjacent_a island_n so_o far_o forth_o as_o the_o permission_n or_o use_n thereof_o may_v not_o redound_v to_o the_o impeachment_n of_o our_o prerogative_n royal_a nor_o to_o the_o hurt_n and_o damage_n of_o our_o love_a subject_n who_o preservation_n and_o flourish_a estate_n we_o hold_v ourselves_o principal_o bind_v to_o advance_v before_o all_o worldly_a respect_n so_o find_v that_o our_o conivence_n therein_o have_v not_o only_o give_v occasion_n of_o over_o great_a encroachment_n upon_o our_o regality_n or_o rather_o question_v of_o our_o right_n but_o have_v be_v a_o mean_n of_o much_o daily_a wrong_n to_o our_o own_o people_n that_o exercise_n the_o trade_n of_o fish_v as_o either_o by_o the_o multitude_n of_o stranger_n which_o do_v preoccupy_v those_o place_n or_o by_o the_o injury_n which_o they_o receive_v most_o common_o at_o their_o hand_n our_o subject_n be_v constrain_v to_o abandon_v their_o fish_n or_o at_o the_o least_o become_v so_o discourage_v in_o the_o same_o as_o they_o hold_v it_o better_o for_o they_o to_o betake_v themselves_o to_o some_o other_o course_n of_o live_v whereby_o not_o only_o diverse_a of_o our_o coast_n town_n be_v much_o decay_v but_o the_o number_n of_o mariner_n daily_o diminish_v which_o be_v a_o matter_n of_o great_a consequence_n to_o our_o estate_n consider_v how_o much_o the_o strength_n thereof_o consist_v in_o the_o power_n of_o ship_n and_o the_o use_n of_o navigation_n we_o have_v think_v it_o now_o both_o just_a and_o necessary_a in_o respect_n that_o we_o be_v now_o by_o god_n favour_n lineal_o and_o lawful_o possess_v as_o well_o of_o the_o island_n of_o great_a britain_n as_o of_o ireland_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o isle_n adjacent_a to_o bethink_v ourselves_o of_o good_a and_o lawful_a mean_n to_o prevent_v those_o inconvenience_n and_o many_o other_o depend_v upon_o the_o same_o in_o the_o consideration_n whereof_o as_o we_o be_v desirous_a that_o the_o world_n may_v take_v notice_n that_o we_o have_v no_o intention_n to_o deny_v our_o neighbour_n and_o ally_n those_o fruit_n and_o benefit_n of_o peace_n and_o friendship_n which_o may_v be_v just_o expect_v at_o our_o hand_n in_o honour_n and_o reason_n or_o be_v afford_v by_o other_o prince_n mutual_o in_o the_o point_n of_o commerce_n and_o exchange_n of_o those_o thing_n which_o may_v not_o prove_v prejudicial_a to_o they_o so_o because_o some_o such_o convenient_a order_n may_v be_v take_v in_o this_o matter_n as_o may_v sufficient_o provide_v for_o all_o these_o important_a consideration_n which_o do_v depend_v thereupon_o we_o have_v resolve_v first_o to_o give_v notice_n to_o all_o the_o world_n that_o our_o express_a pleasure_n be_v that_o from_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o month_n of_o august_n next_o come_v no_o person_n of_o what_o nation_n or_o quality_n soever_o be_v not_o our_o natural_a bear_v subject_n be_v permit_v to_o fish_v upon_o any_o of_o our_o coast_n and_o sea_n of_o great_a britain_n ireland_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o isle_n adjacent_a where_o most_o usual_o heretofore_o any_o fish_n have_v be_v until_o they_o have_v orderly_o demand_v and_o obtain_v licence_n from_o we_o or_o such_o our_o commissioner_n as_o we_o have_v authorise_v in_o that_o behalf_n viz._n at_o london_n for_o our_o realm_n of_o england_n and_o ireland_n and_o at_o edinburgh_n for_o our_o realm_n of_o scotland_n which_o licence_n our_o intention_n be_v shall_v be_v yearly_a demand_v for_o so_o many_o vessel_n and_o ship_n and_o the_o tonnage_n thereof_o as_o shall_v intend_v to_o fish_v for_o that_o whole_a year_n or_o any_o part_n thereof_o upon_o any_o of_o our_o coast_n and_o sea_n as_o aforesaid_a upon_o pain_n of_o such_o chastisement_n as_o shall_v be_v fit_a to_o be_v inflict_v upon_o such_o wilful_a offender_n give_v at_o our_o palace_n of_o westminster_n the_o six_o of_o may_n in_o the_o seven_o year_n of_o our_o reign_n of_o great_a britain_n france_n and_o ireland_n anno_fw-la dom._n 1609._o by_o this_o proclamation_n be_v his_o majesty_n right_a and_o dominion_n of_o the_o sea_n express_v in_o two_o word_n by_o lineal_a and_o lawful_a possession_n of_o a_o hereditary_a kingdom_n or_o kingdom_n whereunto_o those_o sea_n be_v join_v and_o appertain_v it_o be_v not_o a_o dominion_n obtain_v by_o a_o elective_a kingdom_n as_o poland_n hungary_n and_o other_o neither_o be_v it_o have_v by_o any_o first_o discovery_n wherein_o the_o pope_n must_v be_v a_o mediator_n as_o alexander_n the_o six_o be_v between_o the_o king_n of_o castille_n and_o portugal_n upon_o the_o discovery_n of_o the_o east_n and_o west-indies_n by_o draw_v a_o line_n upon_o the_o globe_n from_o the_o island_n of_o the_o canary_n to_o make_v the_o division_n between_o they_o neither_o be_v it_o like_v to_o the_o whale_n fish_v in_o greeneland_n where_o some_o upon_o their_o discovery_n take_v neither_o possession_n much_o less_o have_v any_o occupation_n which_o make_v the_o strong_a right_o neither_o be_v it_o by_o gift_n or_o purchase_n as_o some_o italian_a prince_n in_o the_o mediterranean_a sea_n which_o do_v nevertheless_o enjoy_v both_o freedom_n and_o benefit_n thereby_o but_o it_o be_v undoubted_a and_o indisputable_a as_o aforesaid_a to_o conclude_v this_o argument_n sea_n the_o best_a mark_n of_o distinct_a dominion_n upon_o the_o sea_n the_o distinct_a dominion_n of_o a_o border_a prince_n upon_o the_o sea_n be_v best_a see_v by_o the_o tribute_n or_o tax_n which_o he_o take_v upon_o fish_v ship_n whereof_o we_o have_v many_o precedent_n in_o russia_n many_o league_n from_o the_o main_n fisherman_n do_v pay_v great_a tax_n to_o the_o emperor_n of_o russia_n and_o in_o most_o place_n none_o but_o his_o subject_n be_v permit_v to_o fish_n and_o the_o hollander_n do_v give_v he_o the_o ten_o fish_n the_o king_n of_o denmark_n take_v great_a tribute_n both_o at_o wardhouse_n and_o the_o sound_n the_o king_n of_o sweathen_a have_v do_v the_o like_a which_o be_v now_o continue_v by_o the_o king_n of_o denmark_n for_o norway_n the_o duke_n of_o medina_n sidonia_n take_v for_o tunyne_n king_n edward_n the_o three_o of_o england_n take_v six_o penny_n for_o every_o tun_n in_o his_o time_n which_o by_o inhaunce_v of_o the_o money_n be_v now_o 18_o penny_n all_o the_o border_a prince_n of_o italy_n do_v take_v tribute_n of_o the_o fish_n take_v within_o the_o mediterranean_a sea_n for_o their_o several_a territory_n in_o lappia_n fisherman_n do_v pay_v money_n in_o the_o sound_n for_o passage_n to_o fetch_v it_o over_o and_o above_o the_o ten_o fish_n the_o earl_n of_o orkney_n take_v the_o ten_o fish_n for_o the_o isle_n of_o orcades_n under_o his_o jurisdiction_n as_o the_o fisherman_n do_v to_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o manor_n in_o the_o west_n part_n of_o england_n for_o pilchard_n hake_n and_o conger_n the_o state_n of_o the_o unite_a low_a country_n do_v take_v a_o imposition_n upon_o fish_n take_v within_o the_o sea_n and_o stream_n of_o other_o prince_n as_o also_o near_o their_o coast_n and_o their_o subject_n traffic_v with_o the_o russian_n as_o haunce_n noblett_n haunce_n van_n stracle_n robert_n englegrave_n and_o other_o do_v continual_o pay_v the_o ten_o fish_n unto_o the_o emperor_n of_o russia_n all_o which_o be_v requisite_a for_o merchant_n to_o know_v to_o prevent_v trouble_n or_o loss_n for_o the_o pretence_n of_o ignorance_n do_v not_o excuse_n as_o our_o merchant_n of_o kingston_n upon_o hull_n have_v find_v to_o their_o exceed_a loss_n heretofore_o chap._n xxxvi_o of_o custom_n subsidy_n and_o imposition_n pay_v upon_o commodity_n whereas_o custom_n subsidy_n imposition_n toll_n nation_n custom_n upon_o commodity_n due_a by_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n accize_n impost_n and_o other_o duty_n by_o the_o exemplary_a action_n of_o prince_n and_o commonweal_n be_v due_a by_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n as_o a_o matter_n inherent_a to_o their_o prerogative_n because_o they_o be_v absolute_a commander_n in_o their_o harbour_n haven_n and_o port_n where_o commodity_n be_v export_v and_o import_v every_o merchant_n be_v bind_v to_o take_v notice_n thereof_o and_o to_o observe_v the_o same_o according_a to_o the_o ordinance_n and_o proceed_n use_v therein_o in_o all_o country_n respective_o to_o avoid_v the_o danger_n of_o the_o loss_n and_o forfeiture_n of_o his_o commodity_n and_o to_o make_v a_o true_a calculation_n how_o to_o buy_v and_o sell_v to_o profit_n observe_v how_o much_o upon_o the_o hundred_o pound_n in_o value_n of_o his_o commodity_n rate_v by_o the_o order_n of_o diverse_a country_n the_o same_o amount_v unto_o and_o to_o add_v the_o
1500_o mark_n of_o gold_n of_o eight_o ounce_n 1500_o mark_n of_o pearl_n 1_o chest_n emerald_n from_o mexico_n for_o the_o king_n 1900_o thousand_o pesos_n of_o silver_n 1100_o mark_n of_o gold_n for_o particular_a person_n 2_o million_o in_o silver_n 64_o thousand_o hide_n 25_o thousand_o will_v indigo_n from_o santo_n domingo_n island_n 35_o thousand_o hide_n 900_o chest_n sugar_n of_o 1000_o will_v weight_n 22_o thousand_o kintal_n of_o ginger_n 13_o thousand_o kintal_n of_o logwood_n 50_o kintal_n of_o salsaparilla_n 48_o kintal_n of_o caniafistula_n 64_o rove_n of_o cottonwooll_n all_o the_o gold_n and_o silver_n be_v value_v at_o thirteen_o million_o and_o all_o the_o commodity_n at_o three_o million_o whereof_o the_o king_n have_v twelve_o million_o and_o one_o half_a de_fw-fr claro_fw-la wherewith_o we_o conclude_v this_o chapter_n of_o the_o mine_n royal_a and_o be_v move_v to_o write_v also_o of_o other_o mine_n and_o mineral_n contrary_a to_o our_o first_o intention_n but_o brief_o as_o follow_v *_o ⁎_o *_o chap._n iii_o of_o mine_n and_o mineral_n the_o next_o in_o order_n to_o be_v treat_v of_o be_v tin_n mine_n which_o be_v but_o few_o in_o number_n in_o all_o country_n mine_n tin_n mine_n and_o in_o germany_n only_o find_v somewhat_o plentiful_a but_o the_o tin_n be_v blackish_a and_o corrupt_a so_o that_o our_o english_a tin_n in_o devonshire_n and_o cornwall_n be_v the_o only_a tin_n of_o all_o the_o world_n which_o contain_v four_o ounce_n of_o gold_n in_o a_o thousand_o whereof_o there_o be_v some_o twelve_o hundred_o thousand_o make_v yearly_a it_o have_v be_v sell_v for_o many_o year_n at_o a_o under_o value_n but_o his_o majesty_n have_v by_o way_n of_o praeemption_n advance_v the_o price_n thereof_o which_o belong_v to_o the_o duke_n of_o cornwall_n and_o consequent_o unto_o the_o noble_a prince_n of_o wales_n charles_n son_n and_o heir_n apparent_a to_o our_o sovereign_a lord_n king_n james._n this_o praeemption_n be_v let_v to_o farm_n to_o certain_a merchant_n and_o the_o government_n of_o the_o stanery_n with_o all_o the_o good_a order_n observe_v therein_o and_o the_o coinage_n of_o tin_n to_o demonstrate_v the_o goodness_n be_v profitable_a to_o the_o kingdom_n and_o deserve_v great_a commendation_n as_o be_v already_o note_v mines_n lead_v mines_n lead_v mine_n be_v find_v in_o all_o cold_a country_n especial_o in_o germany_n in_o the_o dukedom_n of_o brown●wike_n but_o it_o be_v black_a of_o colour_n and_o until_o it_o be_v refine_v it_o be_v unseruiceable_a and_o consequent_o not_o vendible_a the_o old_a duke_n have_v almost_o make_v a_o wall_n abo●t_v the_o city_n of_o the_o sow_n and_o pig_n of_o lead_n until_o our_o lead_n become_v dear_a and_o scant_o and_o that_o a_o antuerpian_a do_v teach_v they_o how_o to_o refine_v their_o lead_n in_o take_v away_o the_o cobble_v which_o be_v like_a unto_o a_o knot_n in_o a_o piece_n of_o timber_n which_o make_v the_o lead_v brittle_a and_o by_o his_o mean_n all_o the_o duke_n lead_v be_v sell_v in_o italy_n spain_n and_o other_o place_n in_o france_n and_o elsewhere_o scotland_n and_o ireland_n have_v many_o lead_v mine_n contain_v also_o silver_n the_o lead_v mine_n of_o england_n be_v situate_v in_o diverse_a place_n of_o the_o kingdom_n but_o most_o in_o darbishire_n in_o the_o hill_n of_o peake_n somersetshire_n and_o wales_n there_o be_v great_a difference_n in_o the_o ore_n as_o have_v be_v note_v there_o be_v also_o many_o lead_v mine_n in_o richmondshire_n under_o the_o county_n of_o york_n where_o i_o go_v to_o view_v they_o anno_fw-la 1606_o about_o arkendale_n and_o the_o new_a forest_n have_v prepare_v a_o long_a iron_n boar_n of_o eighteen_o foot_n long_o for_o that_o purpose_n yorkshire_n description_n of_o many_o lead_v mine_n in_o yorkshire_n and_o there_o i_o do_v observe_v within_o the_o compass_n of_o ten_o mile_n that_o the_o situation_n of_o arkendale_n i●_n betwixt_o two_o hill_n the_o one_o lie_v north_n call_v windike_n and_o the_o other_o south-west_n call_v moldersey_n adjoin_v unto_o another_o hill_n call_v pouncy_n lie_v west_n from_o moldersey_n all_o belong_v unto_o the_o king_n and_o by_o lease_n unto_o sir_n john_n maillorie_n knight_n there_o be_v also_o adjoin_v unto_o it_o certain_a other_o hill_n where_o lead_v mine_n be_v as_o swailedale_n where_o my_o lord_n wharton_n have_v his_o work_n also_o readhurst_n cocka_fw-mi and_o fellind_a be_v east_n from_o wyndecke_n the_o mine_n of_o arkendale_n have_v never_o be_v wrought_v to_o any_o purpose_n there_o be_v but_o three_o smelting_a cottage_n which_o do_v feed_v upon_o the_o poor_a people_n and_o inhabitant_n thereabouts_o which_o at_o their_o leisure_n seek_v for_o lead_v over_o upon_o sufferance_n and_o bring_v the_o same_o to_o the_o melt_a place_n where_o they_o fall_v the_o same_o for_o 20_o or_o 24_o ss_z the_o load_n give_v to_o the_o owner_n three_o or_o four_o part_n in_o ten_o as_o they_o can_v agree_v and_o one_o ten_o to_o the_o parson_n or_o vicar_n of_o the_o parish_n or_o chapel_n a_o load_n of_o ore_n with_o they_o be_v as_o much_o as_o four_o or_o five_o horse_n can_v convenient_o carry_v which_o by_o computation_n be_v some_o ten_o hundred_o weight_n and_o be_v also_o deliver_v by_o a_o measure_n call_v load_n four_o of_o these_o load_v will_v make_v a_o father_n of_o lead_n of_o twenty_o hundred_o their_o weight_n be_v 120_o will_v to_o the_o hundred_o london_n weight_n so_o one_o hundred_o of_o lead_n over_o make_v but_o 30_o will_v of_o lead_n which_o come_v to_o pass_v for_o that_o their_o manner_n of_o melt_v be_v by_o foot-blast_n and_o small_a furnace_n with_o wood_n and_o charcoal_n melt_a foolish_a manner_n of_o melt_a cast_v the_o ore_n of_o lead_n between_o they_o in_o small_a piece_n and_o so_o still_o augment_v their_o melt_a which_o can_v yield_v but_o little_a the_o heat_n of_o the_o fire_n be_v choke_v with_o the_o fuel_n and_o dross_n of_o the_o lead_n whereas_o flame_n be_v the_o great_a means_n of_o melt_v of_o all_o mettaline_a oar_n which_o require_v furnace_n to_o be_v make_v according_o where_o thirty_o six_o or_o forty_o hundred_v may_v be_v melt_v together_o they_o melt_v three_o or_o four_o hundred_o there_o be_v no_o wood_n to_o be_v have_v but_o within_o two_o mile_n but_o sea_n coal_n and_o good_a peat_n be_v near_a hand_n which_o may_v serve_v better_a cheap_a for_o they_o reckon_v 7_o or_o 8_o ss_z for_o the_o charge_n of_o a_o father_n for_o the_o melt_a the_o lead_n be_v cast_v into_o small_a pig_n of_o somewhat_o more_o than_o one_o hundred_o weight_n be_v bring_v on_o horseback_n through_o richmond_n to_o burroughbridge_n be_v about_o thirty_o mile_n distant_a and_o be_v convey_v by_o water_n to_o york_n for_o 2_o ss_z the_o hundred_o and_o from_o york_n to_o hull_n for_o other_o two_o shilling_n so_o that_o a_o father_n of_o lead_n with_o all_o charge_n will_v not_o stand_v in_o three_o pound_n and_o there_o be_v a_o near_a way_n by_o stockton_n on_o the_o seaside_n about_o twenty_o and_o five_o mile_n which_o will_v lessen_v the_o say_a charge_n now_o we_o be_v come_v to_o iron_n mine_n mine_n iron_n mine_n whereof_o almost_o all_o country_n in_o europe_n be_v provide_v which_o do_v much_o differ_v in_o goodness_n yet_o may_v be_v use_v according_a to_o the_o several_a work_n whereunto_o it_o be_v employ_v as_o the_o spanish_a iron_n serve_v for_o blade_n &_o not_o so_o good_a for_o other_o thing_n england_n have_v great_a store_n of_o iron_n mine_n for_o by_o computation_n there_o be_v above_o eight_o hundred_o furnace_n the_o melt_a of_o it_o by_o flame_a sea_n coal_n or_o scots_a coal_n save_v a_o great_a deal_n of_o charge_n there_o be_v late_o find_v more_o iron_n mine_n in_o france_n which_o iron_n be_v make_v into_o bar_n be_v transport_v into_o guinea_n binea_n and_o other_o part_n upon_o the_o coast_n of_o africa_n where_o it_o have_v continual_o be_v in_o great_a estimation_n and_o now_o become_v so_o abundant_a that_o their_o profit_n be_v but_o small_a of_o those_o voyage_n and_o so_o it_o fall_v out_o at_o this_o present_a for_o the_o price_n of_o lead_n the_o iron_n stone_n in_o wales_n be_v find_v to_o differ_v from_o the_o steel_n stone_n by_o mean_n whereof_o a_o german_a make_v good_a steel_n in_o bar_n stone_n steel_n stone_n and_o also_o gad_n steel_n but_o the_o patent_n of_o sir_n baesell_n brooke_n for_o the_o make_n of_o steel_n do_v hinder_v the_o proceed_n therein_o and_o germane_a steel_n be_v best_a until_o of_o late_a that_o a_o frenchman_n show_v the_o imperfection_n of_o ordinary_a steel_n cause_v his_o majesty_n to_o make_v void_a the_o say_a patent_n and_o to_o grant_v another_o for_o the_o make_n of_o perfect_a steel_n surpass_v in_o goodness_n the_o steel_n of_o all_o country_n so_o we_o find_v
salt_n francis_n the_o first_o make_v the_o same_o perpetual_a as_o the_o domaine_v of_o the_o crown_n and_o all_o man_n be_v compel_v to_o buy_v it_o at_o the_o magazine_n upon_o pain_n of_o punishment_n this_o impost_n be_v let_v to_o farm_n for_o two_o million_o of_o crown_n or_o six_o hundred_o thousand_o pound_n sterling_a yearly_a the_o right_a of_o the_o sea_n belong_v to_o the_o king_n and_o he_o may_v lay_v imposition_n thirty_o league_n from_o the_o land_n into_o the_o sea_n if_o no_o other_o sovereign_a prince_n be_v not_o within_o that_o precinct_n there_o be_v eight_o court_n of_o parliament_n in_o france_n and_o eight_o chamber_n of_o account_n at_o paris_n erect_v 1302_o by_o philip_n le_fw-fr bell._n at_o paris_n parlement_n court_n of_o parlement_n at_o tholouze_n also_o and_o confirm_v by_o charles_n the_o 7._o in_o britain_n at_o grenoble_n 1453_o by_o lewis_n the_o 11._o at_o dion_n account_n court_n of_o account_n at_o bourdeaux_n 1462_o by_o lewis_n the_o 11._o at_o monpellier_n at_o aix_n 1501_o by_o lewis_n the_o 12._o in_o dolphin_n at_o dion_n 1476_o by_o lewis_n the_o 11_o for_o burgundy_n in_o provence_n at_o rouen_n 1449_o by_o lewis_n the_o 12_o for_o normandy_n at_o blois_n at_o rheame_n 1553_o by_o h._n the_o 2_o for_o britainie_n at_o rouen_n of_o the_o salic_a law_n of_o france_n it_o be_v a_o usual_a receive_a opinion_n that_o pharamont_n be_v the_o author_n of_o this_o law_n other_o think_v it_o be_v so_o call_v of_o the_o gaul_n that_o be_v call_v salie_n among_o who_o that_o law_n be_v establish_v for_o the_o ancient_a gaul_n term_v all_o their_o law_n either_o ripuarie_n or_o salic_a and_o in_o the_o time_n of_o charlemagne_n they_o be_v call_v salique_n nevertheless_o it_o be_v think_v to_o have_v be_v invent_v of_o latter_a time_n as_o by_o philip_n le_fw-fr long_n to_o frustrate_v the_o daughter_n of_o lewis_n huttin_n or_o else_o to_o have_v have_v the_o first_o strength_n from_o a_o usual_a custom_n of_o all_o barbarian_n which_o be_v never_o to_o suffer_v the_o female_n to_o inherit_v the_o crown_n and_o so_o be_v begin_v in_o the_o first_o and_o second_o line_n of_o the_o king_n it_o have_v continue_v in_o the_o three_o and_o by_o custom_n it_o be_v rather_o confirm_v than_o to_o be_v prove_v to_o be_v a_o law_n at_o any_o time_n ordain_v have_v be_v little_a account_n make_v thereof_o until_o the_o controversy_n between_o philip_n le_fw-fr long_n and_o end_v duke_n of_o burgundy_n who_o claim_v it_o for_o his_o niece_n jane_n daughter_n to_o lewis_n huttin_n and_o philip_n de_fw-fr valois_n with_o edward_n king_n of_o england_n the_o book_n of_o the_o salic_a law_n be_v but_o a_o collection_n howbeit_o there_o be_v no_o example_n ever_o hear_v of_o that_o any_o woman_n govern_v of_o the_o law_n of_o the_o high_a and_o low_a germany_n concur_v with_o the_o civil_a law_n and_o the_o court_n of_o equity_n in_o substance_n the_o court_n of_o equity_n beyond_o the_o sea_n after_o bill_n and_o answer_v replication_n and_o rejoinder_n and_o sometime_o duplication_n and_o at_o last_o conclusion_n with_o the_o examination_n of_o witness_n in_o serious_a manner_n the_o whole_a proceed_n be_v deliver_v to_o certain_a doctor_n or_o learned_a man_n which_o be_v as_o master_n of_o the_o chancery_n or_o belong_v to_o certain_a university_n to_o be_v abreviate_v which_o be_v call_v ad_fw-la rotulandum_fw-la who_o do_v cut_v off_o all_o superfluous_a thing_n which_o upon_o the_o matter_n be_v confess_v on_o both_o side_n process_n to_o abreviate_v long_a process_n or_o be_v not_o material_a to_o the_o state_n of_o the_o cause_n to_o bring_v the_o difference_n between_o the_o party_n to_o certain_a point_n or_o head_n whereupon_o the_o say_a party_n with_o the_o advice_n of_o the_o advocate_n or_o learned_a counsel_n do_v dispute_n and_o debate_v the_o say_a difference_n to_o bring_v they_o as_o it_o be_v ripe_a and_o perfect_v before_o the_o judge_n for_o if_o the_o defendant_n will_v take_v covert_o any_o exception_n against_o the_o judge_n of_o that_o jurisdiction_n he_o may_v have_v the_o whole_a process_n make_v up_o in_o the_o name_n of_o a.b._n and_o c.d._n as_o it_o be_v complainant_a and_o defendant_n without_o name_v either_o of_o the_o party_n and_o the_o same_o to_o be_v send_v under_o the_o town_n seal_v unto_o doctor_n or_o other_o learned_a man_n of_o university_n elect_v thereunto_o in_o other_o jurisdiction_n which_o do_v give_v their_o sentence_n or_o judgement_n thereupon_o and_o return_v the_o same_o back_n again_o under_o seal_n before_o the_o judge_n where_o the_o cause_n be_v depend_v who_o call_v both_o party_n before_o he_o demand_v of_o they_o whether_o he_o shall_v open_v the_o process_n and_o whether_o they_o will_v stand_v to_o the_o judgement_n therein_o contain_v and_o if_o the_o complainant_n descend_v thereunto_o then_o be_v the_o defendant_n thereby_o conclude_v see_v he_o have_v his_o choice_n and_o do_v in_o a_o manner_n appeal_v from_o the_o judge_n whereupon_o execution_n be_v present_o have_v and_o matter_n be_v end_v with_o expedition_n by_o the_o premise_n we_o may_v observe_v how_o other_o law_n be_v variable_a and_o subject_a to_o alteration_n and_o that_o the_o law-merchant_n be_v constant_a and_o permanent_a in_o her_o custom_n which_o therefore_o be_v not_o to_o be_v infringe_v but_o serious_o to_o be_v maintain_v by_o all_o the_o four_o precedent_a mean_n or_o some_o select_a course_n of_o execution_n to_o be_v devise_v concur_v with_o the_o same_o for_o the_o better_a furtherance_n whereof_o and_o more_o exact_a explanation_n by_o contrary_n i_o have_v for_o a_o corrollarie_n of_o this_o work_n add_v hereunto_o three_o paradox_n allude_v to_o the_o say_v three_o essential_a part_n of_o traffic_n which_o will_v illustrate_v the_o most_o material_a consideration_n to_o be_v have_v in_o the_o course_n of_o traffic_n and_o trade_n chap._n xviii_o three_o paradox_n allude_v to_o the_o three_o essential_a part_n of_o traffic_n have_v heretofore_o publish_v a_o treatise_n entitle_v england_n view_n in_o the_o unmask_n of_o two_o paradox_n which_o have_v be_v present_v unto_o the_o french_a king_n henry_n the_o four_o as_o a_o matter_n of_o great_a consequence_n and_o considerable_a in_o the_o government_n of_o commonweal_n and_o find_v that_o the_o true_a understanding_n of_o they_o with_o a_o three_o paradox_n observe_v by_o i_o do_v proper_o allude_v to_o the_o content_n of_o this_o book_n or_o the_o three_o essential_a part_n of_o traffic_n namely_o commodity_n money_n and_o exchange_n for_o money_n i_o do_v resolve_v to_o handle_v the_o substance_n of_o they_o for_o a_o corrollarie_n of_o the_o same_o be_v paradox_n what_o it_o be_v the_o rather_o because_o paradox_n be_v thing_n contrary_a to_o the_o vulgar_a opinion_n and_o will_v also_o make_v all_o the_o premise_n more_o manifest_a and_o apparent_a by_o their_o conclusion_n the_o say_v two_o paradox_n present_v by_o monsieur_n malestroit_n one_o of_o the_o officer_n of_o the_o finance_n or_o treasury_n in_o france_n be_v as_o follow_v say_v 1_o that_o to_o complain_v of_o the_o general_a dearth_n of_o all_o thing_n in_o france_n be_v without_o cause_n commodity_n commodity_n for_o there_o be_v nothing_o grow_v dear_a these_o three_o hundred_o year_n 2_o that_o there_o be_v much_o to_o be_v lose_v upon_o a_o crown_n and_o money_n and_o or_o any_o other_o money_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n albeit_o one_o do_v give_v the_o same_o in_o payment_n at_o the_o price_n he_o do_v receive_v the_o same_o the_o three_o paradox_n which_o i_o have_v add_v hereunto_o be_v 3_o that_o the_o imaginary_a money_n suppose_v in_o exchange_n for_o money_n exchange_n exchange_n make_v by_o bill_n of_o exchange_n do_v over-rule_v the_o course_n and_o property_n of_o real_a and_o substantial_a money_n in_o specie_fw-la mounseur_fw-fr malestroit_n say_v that_o since_o the_o ancient_a permutation_n have_v be_v change_v in_o buy_v and_o sell_v and_o that_o the_o first_o riches_n of_o man_n which_o consist_v of_o cattle_n be_v transfer_v to_o the_o gold_n and_o silver_n whereby_o all_o thing_n have_v receive_v their_o estimation_n dearth_n gold_n and_o silver_n be_v the_o judge_n of_o good_a cheap_a or_o dearth_n it_o follow_v that_o those_o metal_n be_v the_o right_a judge_n of_o good_a cheap_a or_o dearth_n of_o all_o thing_n we_o can_v say_v that_o any_o thing_n be_v dear_a than_o it_o be_v three_o hundred_o year_n ago_o unless_o that_o for_o the_o buy_v thereof_o we_o must_v now_o give_v more_o gold_n and_o silver_n than_o we_o do_v then_o but_o for_o the_o buy_n of_o all_o thing_n we_o do_v not_o give_v now_o more_o gold_n or_o silver_n than_o we_o do_v then_o therefore_o say_v he_o nothing_o be_v grow_v dear_a in_o france_n since_o that_o time_n to_o prove_v this_o he_o do_v allege_v that_o during_o the_o reign_n of_o
make_v a_o offer_n to_o buy_v the_o 80_o ton_n remain_v in_o the_o tower_n to_o a_o great_a personage_n to_o give_v it_o for_o 24_o pound_n the_o tun_n to_o be_v transport_v to_o my_o friend_n into_o holland_n pay_v ready_a money_n time_n be_v take_v to_o give_v i_o a_o answer_n and_o then_o difficulty_n be_v make_v for_o that_o treasure_n be_v not_o to_o be_v export_v unless_o by_o return_v the_o quantity_n of_o silver_n by_o weight_n hereupon_o conclusion_n be_v make_v to_o bring_v in_o so_o much_o bullion_n of_o silver_n or_o royal_n of_o plate_n but_o when_o all_o come_v to_o all_o with_o run_v up_o and_o down_o and_o further_o offer_v to_o deal_v for_o great_a quantity_n and_o to_o take_v it_o in_o scotland_n i_o be_v put_v off_o with_o this_o consideration_n that_o it_o be_v a_o dishonour_n to_o england_n not_o to_o have_v man_n of_o as_o good_a experience_n as_o any_o be_v beyond_o the_o sea_n whereby_o the_o king_n loss_n be_v 2000_o will_v for_o his_o highness_n give_v the_o same_o afterward_o unto_o james_n achinson_n his_o grave_a of_o the_o mint_n heretofore_o who_o bring_v the_o same_o to_o nothing_o be_v unskilful_a of_o the_o refine_n of_o it_o and_o thus_o be_v good_a matter_n mar_v in_o the_o handle_n handle_n good_a matter_n mar_v in_o the_o handle_n and_o work_v bring_v at_o a_o stay_n or_o hinder_v as_o i_o have_v before_o set_v down_o there_o be_v many_o rich_a mine_n in_o scotland_n if_o we_o compare_v they_o to_o the_o west-india_n mine_n and_o in_o wales_n dire_fw-fr plus_fw-fr pencer_n que_fw-fr dire_fw-fr where_o the_o lead_v mine_n be_v poor_a they_o contain_v the_o more_o silver_n of_o 1_o ½_n two_o and_o three_o ounce_n in_o the_o hundred_o of_o the_o ore_n which_o will_v not_o yield_v above_o 40_o or_o 44_o will_v weight_n of_o lead_n and_o the_o ore_n of_o the_o mine_n which_o hold_v three_o ounce_n contain_v but_o 25_o pound_n of_o lead_n the_o mine_n most_o know_v be_v those_o in_o cardiganshire_n in_o wales_n where_o master_n hugh_n middleton_n of_o london_n goldsmith_n have_v bestow_v very_o great_a charge_n as_o he_o do_v in_o bring_v the_o water-work_n to_o the_o city_n of_o london_n so_o he_o bring_v now_o silver_n to_o the_o tower_n to_o be_v mint_v the_o ore_n be_v four_o ounce_n in_o the_o hundred_o or_o 80_o ounce_n in_o the_o tun_n and_o the_o less_o in_o lead_n for_o the_o rich_a the_o ore_n be_v in_o lead_n the_o poor_a it_o be_v in_o silver_n so_o one_o hundred_o of_o the_o best_a ore_n of_o lead_n will_v make_v near_o 70_o will_v of_o lead_n and_o hold_v but_o 1_o ●_o ounce_n of_o silver_n not_o worth_a the_o charge_n of_o refine_n as_o we_o shall_v declare_v the_o lead_v mine_n in_o ireland_n do_v contain_v more_o silver_n than_o these_o mine_n of_o darbieshire_n and_o somersetshire_n call_v peake_n and_o mendisse_fw-la lead_n the_o saxon_n which_o be_v procure_v to_o come_v into_o england_n have_v no_o more_o no_o not_o so_o much_o experience_n as_o our_o refiner_n of_o london_n for_o by_o save_v of_o lead_n they_o find_v lesser_a quantity_n of_o silver_n and_o so_o all_o be_v give_v over_o the_o three_o sort_n of_o mine_n royal_a be_v the_o copper_n mine_n mines_n copper_n mines_n which_o be_v find_v also_o in_o diverse_a country_n which_o be_v not_o so_o plentiful_a in_o hungary_n where_o the_o best_a be_v as_o in_o time_n past_a but_o be_v very_o abundant_a in_o sweaden_a howbeit_o that_o it_o be_v very_o mean_a and_o inferior_a in_o goodness_n there_o be_v also_o copper_n mine_n in_o germany_n and_o the_o duke_n of_o brunswickes_n country_n as_o also_o certain_a natural_a copperas_n water_n wherein_o they_o cast_v from_o time_n to_o time_n great_a quantity_n of_o old_a iron_n which_o within_o six_o week_n or_o two_o month_n do_v transmute_v into_o copper_n copperas_n natural_a water_n of_o copperas_n england_n have_v diverse_a copper_n mine_n at_o keaswike_n near_o scotland_n be_v make_v some_o forty_o ton_n yearly_a by_o certain_a german_n there_o inhabit_v it_o contain_v some_o gold_n some_o mine_n of_o copper_n over_o be_v find_v in_o yorkshire_n and_o albeit_o the_o charge_n of_o make_v one_o ton_n of_o copper_n be_v common_o 30_o will_v yet_o if_o seven_o ton_n of_o copper_n over_o make_v one_o ton_n of_o copper_n it_o may_v yield_v good_a benefit_n for_o whereas_o 22_o fire_n have_v be_v use_v it_o be_v bring_v to_o 12._o i_o have_v see_v excellent_a copper_n over_o of_o some_o mine_n in_o staffordshire_n in_o the_o hand_n of_o master_n stonewell_n mine_n staffordshire_n copper_n mine_n which_o absolute_o be_v the_o best_a ore_n that_o ever_o be_v find_v in_o england_n he_o do_v assure_v i_o of_o great_a store_n of_o ore_n it_o be_v lamentable_a that_o such_o work_n shall_v lie_v dead_a for_o want_v of_o undertaker_n which_o indeed_o be_v discourage_v by_o the_o great_a charge_n in_o my_o opinion_n the_o charge_n of_o a_o ton_n of_o copper_n of_o this_o goodness_n of_o ore_n will_v be_v make_v for_o 15_o will_v there_o be_v also_o good_a copper_n mine_n in_o the_o west_n part_n of_o england_n where_o i_o have_v see_v good_a ore_n in_o diverse_a place_n which_o must_v be_v roast_v to_o destroy_v the_o antimony_n arsenic_n and_o other_o corruption_n which_o be_v in_o it_o water_n the_o work_n of_o copper_n over_o by_o allome_n and_o copperas_n water_n a_o certain_a nobleman_n now_o decease_v be_v embark_v in_o those_o western_a mine_n which_o be_v promise_v to_o be_v wrought_v by_o imbibition_n of_o allome_n and_o copperas_n water_n and_o the_o ore_n after_o digestion_n with_o rainwater_n will_v make_v of_o six_o tun_n one_o of_o copper_n hereupon_o for_o 300_o will_v by_o he_o disburse_v he_o be_v offer_v 1800_o will_v it_o please_v his_o lordship_n to_o take_v my_o advice_n and_o to_o conclude_v the_o bargain_n for_o when_o i_o do_v calculate_v the_o charge_n of_o grind_v and_o roast_n of_o the_o ore_n the_o make_n of_o the_o great_a quantity_n of_o allome_n water_n and_o copperas_n the_o consumption_n of_o iron_n plate_n decrease_v in_o weight_n with_o all_o the_o tub_n and_o utensill_n the_o long_a time_n of_o imbibition_n and_o consequent_o workman_n wage_n i_o find_v the_o charge_n to_o exceed_v and_o that_o the_o course_n of_o ordinary_a melt_a be_v to_o be_v prefer_v and_o so_o experience_n have_v since_o prove_v the_o same_o to_o the_o great_a loss_n of_o the_o undertaker_n for_o when_o work_n be_v clog_v with_o immensive_a charge_n in_o the_o beginning_n it_o choke_v the_o benefit_n ever_o after_o as_o we_o shall_v present_o declare_v see_v that_o profit_n be_v the_o radical_a moisture_n of_o such_o and_o the_o like_a action_n his_o majesty_n have_v be_v gracious_o please_v to_o incorporate_v a_o company_n of_o worthy_a person_n mine_n the_o company_n of_o royal_a mine_n for_o all_o royal_a mine_n by_o letter_n patent_n and_o have_v reserve_v but_o one_o fifteen_o part_n to_o himself_o but_o there_o be_v none_o of_o that_o company_n that_o do_v advance_v any_o work_n that_o i_o can_v 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