Selected quad for the lemma: england_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
england_n	duke_n	king_n	suffolk_n	2,718	5	11.8362	5	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A61047	An epitome of Mr. John Speed's theatre of the empire of Great Britain And of his prospect of the most famous parts of the world. In this new edition are added, the despciptions of His Majesties dominions abroad, viz. New England, New York, 226 Carolina, Florida, 251 Virginia, Maryland, 212 Jamaica, 232 Barbados, 239 as also the empire of the great Mogol, with the rest of the East-Indies, 255 the empire of Russia, 266 with their respective descriptions.	Speed, John, 1552?-1629.	1676 (1676)	Wing S4879; ESTC R221688	361,302	665

Country as it is thus on the one side freed by the natural resistance of the Sea from the force of Invasions so is it strengthened on the other by many Castles and fortified places that take away the opportunity of making Roads and Incursions in the Country And as it was with the first that felt the fury of the Saxons cruelty so was it the last and longest that was subdued under the W●st-Saxons Monarchy 9 In this Province our noble Arthur who died laden with many Trophies of honour is reported by Ninius to have put the Saxons to flight in a memorable Battel near Duglasse a little Brook not far from the Town of Wiggin But the attemps of War as they are several so they are uncertain for they made not Duke Wade happy in his success but returned him an unfortunate enterpriser in the Battel which he gave to Ardulph King of Northumberland at Billango in the year 798. So were the events uncertain in the Civil Wars of York and Lancaster for by them was bred and brought forth that bloody division and fatal strife of the Noble Ho●ses that with variable success to both Parties for many years together molested the peace and quiet of the Land and defiled the earth with blood in such violent manner that it exceeded the horror of those Civil Wars in Rome that were betwixt Marius and Scylla Pompey and Caesar Octavius and Antony or that of the two renowned Houses Valoys and Burbon that a long time troubled the State of France for in the division of these two Princely Families there were thirteen Fields fought and three Kings of England one Prince of Wales twelve Dukes one Marquess eighteen Earls one Vicount and three and twenty Barons besides Knights and Gentlemen lost their lives in the same Yet at last by the happy Marriage of Henry the Seventh King of England next Heir to the House of Lancaster with Elizabeth daughter and Heir to Edward the Fourth of the House of York the white and red Roses were conjoyned in the happy uniting of those two divided Families from whence our thrice renowned Soveraign Lord King Iames by fair sequence and succession doth worthily enjoy the D●adem by the benefit of whose happy government this County Palatine of Lancaster is prosperou● in her Name and Greatness 10 I find the remembrance of four Religious Houses that have been founded within this County and since suppressed both fair for Structure and Building and rich for seat and Situation namely Burstogh VVhalleia Holland and Penwortham It is divided into six Hundreds besides Fourness Felles and Lancasters Liberties that lie in the North part It is beautified with fifteen Market-Towns both fair for situation and building and famous for the concourse of people for buying and selling It hath twenty six Parishes besides Chappels in which they duly frequent to Divine Service and those populous as in no part of the Land more York SHIRE YORK-SHIRE CHAPTER XXXVIII AS the courses and confluents of great Rivers are for the most part fresh in memory though their heads and fountains lie commonly unknown so the latter knowledg of great Regions are not traduced to oblivion though perhaps their first originals be obscure by reason of Antiquity and the many revolutions of times and ages In the delineation therefore of this great Province of York-shire I will not insist upon the narration of matters near unto us but succinctly run over such as are more remote yet neither so sparingly as I may seem to diminish from the dignity of so worthy a Country nor so prodigally as to spend time in superfluous praising of that which never any as yet dispraised And although perhaps it may seem a labour unnecessary to make relation of ancient remembrances either of the Name or Nature of this Nation especially looking into the difference of Time it self which in every age bringeth forth divers effects and the dispositions of men that for the most part take less pleasure in them than in divulging the occurrents of their own times yet I hold it not unfit to begin there from whence the first certain direction is given to proceed for even of these ancient things there may be good use made either by imitation or way of comparison as neither the reperition nor the repetition thereof shall be accounted impertinent 2 You shall therefore understand That the County of York was in the Saxon-tongue called Ebona ycyne and now commonly York-shire far greater and more numerous in the Circuit of her miles than any Shire of England She is much bound to the singular love and motherly care of Nature in placing her under so temperate a clime that in every measure she is indifferently fruitful If one part of her be stone and a sandy barren ground another is fertile and richly adorned with Corn-fields If you here find it naked and destitute of Woods you shall see it there shadowed with Forrests full of Trees that have very thick bodies sending forth many fruitful and profitable branches If one place of it be Moorish miry and unpleasant another makes a free tender of delight and presents it self to the Eye full of beauty and contentive variety 3 The Bishoprick of Durham fronts her on the North-side and is separated by a continued course of the River Tees The German-Sea lyeth sore upon her East-side beating the shores with her boisterous Waves and Billows The West part is bounded with Lancashire and Westmerland The South-side hath Cheshire and Darby-shire friendly Neighbours unto her with the which she is first inclosed then with Nottingham and with Lincoln-shires after divided with that famous Arm of the Sea Humber Into which all the Rivers that water this Country empty themselves and pay their ordinary Tributes as into the common receptacle and store-house of Neptune for all the watry Pensions of this Province 4 This whole Shire being of it self so spacious for the more easie and better ordering of her Civil Government is divided into three parts which according to three quarters of the World are called The West-Riding The East-Riding and The North-Riding West-Riding is for a good space compassed with the River Ouse with the bounds of Lancashire and with the South limits of the Shire and beareth towards the West and South East-Riding bends it self to the Ocean with the which and with the River Derwent she is inclosed and looks into that part where the Sun rising and shewing forth his Beams makes the World both glad and glorious in his brightness North-Riding extends it self Northward hemmed in as it were with the River Tees and Derwent and a long race of the River Ouse The length of this Shire extended from Horthill in the South to the mouth of Tees in the North are neer unto seventy miles the breadth from Flambrough-head to Horn-Castle upon the River Lu● is fourscore miles the whole Circumference is three hundred and eight miles 5 The Soil of this County for the generality is reasonable fertile

Archiepiscopal Seats grounding his conjecture on the saying of Pope Lucius who affirmeth that the Ecclesiastical Iurisdictions of the Christians accorded with the precincts of the Roman Magistrates and that their Archb●shops had their Sees in those Cities wherein their Presidents abode so that the ancient Seats of the three Archb●shops here being London in the East C●erleon in the West and York in the North Londons Diocess as seemeth made Britain prima Caerleon Britain secunda and York Maxima Caesari●nsis 15 But in the next age when the power of their Presidents began to grow over great they again divided Britain into five parts adding to the three former Valentia and ●lavia Caesariensis the first of which two seemeth to have been the Northerly part of Maxima Caesariensis recovered from the Picts and Scots by Theodo●lus the General under Valence the Emperour and in honour of him named Vale●tia and Flavia may be conjectured to receive the name from Flavius the Emperour son of The●d●sius for that we read not of the name Britain ●lavia before his time 16 So these five partitions had their limits assigned after this manner Britaine prima contained those coasts that lay betwixt Thamesis the Severne and the British Sea Britaine Secunda extended from Severne unto the Irish Seas containing the Countrey that we now call Wales Flavia Caesariensis was that which lay betwixt the Rivers Humber and Tyne and Valentia from the said River and Picts wall reached unto the Rampire near Edenburgh in Scotland the farthest part that the Romans possessed when this division was in use For the several people inhabiting all those parts with their ancient Names and Borders whether designed by the Romans or the old Britains together with our modern Names and Shires answerable to each of them we will refer you to the Tables thereof elsewhere 17 This whole Province of Britain as in our History shall appear was highly esteemed of the Emperours themselves assuming as a glorious surname Britannicus coming thither in person over those dangerous and scarce known Seas here marrying living and dying enacting here Laws for the whole Empire and giving to those Captains that served here many ensigns of great honour yea Claudius gave Plantius the first Prefect of that Province the right hand as he accompanied him in his Triumph and his own Triumph of Britain was set out with such magnificence that the Provinces brought in golden Crowes of great weight the Governours commanded to attend and the very Captains permitted to be present at the same A Naval Coronet was fixed upon a Pinnacle of his Palace Arches and Trophies were raised in Rome and himself on his aged knees mounted the staires into the Capitol supported by his two sons in Law so great a joy conceived he in himself for the Conquest of some small portion of Britain 18 Now the Romans found it held it and left it as times ripened and rottened their success with the Names the Inhabitants Manners and Resisters I leave to be pursued in the following Histories and will only now shew thee these three Kingdoms that are in present the chief Bodies of Great Britains Monarchy two of which Scotland and Ireland shall in their due places have their farther and more particular Descriptions THE KINGDOME OF ENGLAND ENGLANDS General Description CHAPTER II. THE Saxons glory now near to expire by his appointment who holdeth both times and Kingdoms in his all-ordering hand their own Swords being the Instruments and the Dan●s the mauls that beat their beautiful Diadem into pieces the Normans a stirring Nation neither expected nor much feared under the leading of William their Duke and encouragement of the Roman Bishop an usual promoter of broken titles made hither suddenly into England who in one only battel with the title of his sword and slaughter of Harold set the imperial Crown thereof upon his own head which no sooner was done but the English went down and the Normans lording it became Owners of those Cities which themselves never built possessed those Vineyards which they never planted drunk of those Wells which they never had digged and inhabited those Houses filled with riches for which they never had laboured for they found it to be as the land whereupon the Lord set his eye even from the beginning to the end of the year not only drinking water of the rain of Heaven but having also rivers of waters and fountains in her valleys and without all scarcitie whose stones are Iron and out of whose mountains is digged brass This made them more resolute at first to settle themselves in this fairest and fruitfullest part of the Island the conquerour using all policy both Martial and Civil to plant his posterity here for ever How he found the Land governed we shewed in the Heptarchy but his restless thoughts were not contented with conquering the Nation and their Land unless he also overcame their very Customes Laws and Language 2 Touching the distribution of the Kingdome whereas other Kings before him made use of it chiefly for the good of the people and better ministring of Iustice he made use of it to know the wealth of his Subjects and to enrich his Coffers for he caused a description to be made of all England ●ow much land every one of his Barons possessed how many Knights fees how many Plow-lands how many in villanage how many heads of beasts yea how much ready money every man from the greatest to the ●ast did possess and what rents might be made of every mans possession the Book of which inquisition yet in the Exchequer was called Doomesday for the generality of that Iudgment on all the Land Whereunto we may add his other distribution of this Land worse than any former when thrusting the English out of their possessions ●e distributed their inheritances to his Souldiers yet so that all should be held of the King as of the only true Lord and possessor 3 For the Laws by which he meant to govern he held one excellent rule and purpose which was that a people ought ●to be ruled by Laws written and certain for otherwise new Iudges would still bring new Iudgments and therefore he caused twelve to be chosen out of every County which should on their oath without inclining one way or other neither adding nor de●racting open unto him all their ancient Laws and Customes By whose relation understanding that three sorts of Laws formerly were in the Land Merchelenage West-Saxonlage Dane-lage he had preferred these last him●elf and people being anciently derived from those Northern people had not all the Barons bewayling to the King how grievous it was for a Land to be judged by those Laws which they understood not altered his resolute purpose yet in bringing in the strange ●orms of Norman Processe and pleading in the French tongue which continued till Edward the thirds time that grievance was bu● slend●rly prevented So likewise did he much alter the old Courts of Iustice where these Laws shou●d

apparitions or rather some religious horror which as some ridiculously dream was digg'd by Vlysses when he went down to parely with those in hell This is the Cave which the Inhabitants in these dayes call Ellan 〈◊〉 ●rugadory that is The Isle of Purgatory and S. Patricks Purgatory for some persons less devout than credulous affirm that S. Patrick or rather Patricius Secundus an holy Abbot of that name labouring the conversion of the people of this Province and much inforcing the life to come they replyed contemptuously unto him that unless they saw proofs of those joyes and pains he preached they would not lose the possession of their present pleasures in hope or fear of things to come they 〈◊〉 not when Whereupon as they say he obtained at Gods hands by earnest prayer ●hat the punishments and torments which the godles are to suffer after this life might be there presented to the eye that so he might more easily root out the sins and Heathenish Errours that stuck so fast in the hearts of the Irish. But touching the credit hereof although common fame and some records do utter it I neither will urge the beliefe nor regard seeing it is no Article of our Creed 8 Matters memorable within this Province are these first that the Bishops of Ireland were wont to be consecrated by the Archbishop of Canterbury in regard of the Primacy which they had in this Country until such time as Iohn Papirio a Cardinal was sent thither from Pope Eugenius the fourth to reform Ecclesiastical Discipline in this Island which was then grown so loose that there were Translations and Pluralities of Bishops according to the will and pleasure of the Metropolitan Also that the Irish men were accustomed to leave and forsake their wedded Wives at their own free-wills whereof Lanfranck Archbishop of Canterbury complained unto Therdeluac a King of Ireland And had not this Nation been corrupted with this vice even unto these our days both the right of lineal succession had been more certain among them and the Gentry and Commonalty had not in such cruelties imbrued themselves with such effusion of their own kindreds blood about their Inheritances and legitimation 9 The principal Town in this Tract is Armagh near unto the River Kalin which albeit it maketh a poor shew is the Archiepiscopal See and Metropolitane of the whole Island Before Saint Patrick had built there a fair City for site form quantity and compass modelled out as he saith by the appointment and direction of Angels this place was named Drumsalrich the Irish tell much that it received the name of Queen Armacha but the better opinions are that it is the same which Beda calleth Dearmach and out of the Scottish and Irish Language interpreteth it The Field of Oaks Here as S. Bernard writeth S. Patrick the Apostle of Ireland ruled in his life time and rested after death in honour of whom it was of such venerable estimation in old time that not only Bishops and Priests but Kings also and Princes were in general subject to the Metropolitan thereof in all obedience and to his government alone Among the Archbishops of this Province S. Malachy is famoused who first prohibited Priests marriage in Ireland and as S. Bernard saith who wrote his life at large borrowed no more of the native barbarousnes of that County than Sea-fishes do saltness of the Seas Also Richard Fitz-Ralph commonly called Armachanus is of famous memory who turned the edge of his style about the year 1355 began to oppose his opinion against the order of Mendicant ●ryers as detesting in Christians such voluntary begging The chief Fort in this Tract is E●is K●lling defended by the Rebels in the year 1593 and won by Dowdal a most valiant Captain near unto which is a great downfall of water termed The Salmon Leap of which there is a common Speech currant among the Inhabitants that it was once firm ground very populous and well husbanded with tillage till it was suddenly over-flown with water and turned into a Lake for some filthy abominable acts of the people against Nature committed with Beasts 10 The places of Religion sequestred from other worldly services and consecrated to holy purposes erected in this province were The Abbey which sheweth it self at Donegal The Monastery of Deryo where the Irish Rebel Shan O Neal received such an overthrow by Edward Randolph renowned for his service in the behalf of his Co●ntry that he could never after recover the loss he sustained at that time The Monastery near unto the River Liffer The famous Monastery at the Bay of Knockfergus of the same institution name and order as was that ancient Abbey in England near unto Chester called Banchor also Mellifont Abbey founded by Donald a King of Vriel and much commended by S. Bernard And lastly the most renowned Monastery built at Armagh in the year of our Salvation 610 out of which very many Monasteries were afterwards propagated both in Britain and Ireland These places were far and near frequented and sought unto by great confluences of Pilgrims till Time proved their devotions to be erronious and the pure light of the word revealed opening the eyes of their understanding hath taught them to shake off the shame of such Superstitions 11 That the people of this County might be kept within the bounds of their duty this Province hath been secured with fifty six Castles and Forts and for trade of commerce nine Narket-Towns appointed being divided into these Counties ensuing Counties Dunghall or Tyr connel Vpper Tyrone Nether Tyrone Fermanagh Cavan Monaghan Colrane Antrim Downe Armagh Lough FINIS The Table to find the Maps as appeareth by Folio ENgland Scotland and Ireland 1 England 2 Kent 3 Sussex 4 Surrey 5 Southampton 6 The Isle of Wight 7 Dorcetshire 8 Devonshire 9 Cornwall 10 Sommersetshire 11 Wiltshire 12 Barkshire 13 Middlesex 14 Essex County 15 Suffolke 16 Norfolke 17 Cambridgeshire 18 Hartfordshire 19 Bedfordshire 20 Buckinghamshire 21 Oxfordshire 22 Gloucestershire 23 Herefordshire 24 Wo●cestershire 25 Warwickshire 26 Northamptonshire 27 Huntingtonshire 28 Rutlandshire 29 Leicestershire 30 Lincolnshire 31 Nottinghamshire 32 Darbyshire 33 Staffordshire 34 Shro●shire 35 Chester 36 Lancashi●e 37 Yorkshire 38 The Bishoprick of Durham 39 Westmorland and Cumberland 40 Northumberland 41 The Isle of Man 42 Holy Island c. 43 Wales 44 Pembrokeshire 45 Radnor Breknock Cardigan and Caermarden described 46 Glamorganshire 47 Monmouthshire 48 Montgomery c. 49 Denbigh and Flint described 50 Anglesey and Carnarvan 51 The Kingdom of Scotland 52 The South part of Scotland 53 The Southern part of Scotland 54 The Eastern part of Scotland 55 Part of Scotland Stranavern 56 The Isles of Hebrides 57 Cathanes and Orknay 58 Ireland described 59 Mounster 60 Leinster 61 Connaught 62 Vlster 63 MIDIA 64 A PROSPECT OF THE MOST FAMOUS PARTS of the VVORLD VIZ. ASIA 13 AFRICA 24 EUROPE 35 AMERICA 46 With these Kingdoms therein contained Graecia 57 Roman Empire 67 Germany 78 Bohemia