of the Imperiall Counsellors were hurld out at the windows you heard also I doubt not how they offer'd the Crown to the Dâ—…ke of Saxony and he waving it they sent Ambassadors to the 〈◊〉 whom they thought might prove par negotio and to be able to go through-stitch with the work in regard of his powerfull alliance the King of great Britain being his Father in Law the King of Denmark the Prince of Oâ—…nge the Marq. of Brandenburg the Duke of Boâ—…illon his Uncles the States of Holland his Confederates the French King his friend and the Duke of Bavaria his near allye The Prince Palsgrave made some difficulty at first and most of his Counsellors opposed it others incited him to it and amongst other hortatives they told him That if he had the courage to venture upon a King of Englands sole Daughter he might very well venture upon a Soveraign Crown when it was tendered him Add hereunto that the States of Holland did mainly advance the worke and ther was good reason in policy for it for their twelve years Truce being then upon point of expiring with Spain and finding our King so wedded to Peace that nothing could divorce him from it they lighted upon this design to make him draw his Sword and engage hiâ—… against the House of Austria for the defence of his sole Daughter and his Gran-Children What his Majesty will do hereafter I will not presume to foretell but hitherto he hath given liâ—…tle countenance to the busines nay he utterly misliked it at first for wheras Doctor Hall gave the Prince Palsgrave the Title of King of Bohemia in his Pulpit Prayer he had a check for his pains for I heard his Majesty should say that ther is an implicit tie amongst Kings which obligeth them though ther be no other interest or particular engagement to stick unto and right one another upon insurrection of Subjects Therfore he had more reason to be against the Bohemians than to adhere to them in the deposition of their Soveraign Prince The King of Denmark sings the same note nor will he also allow him the appellation of King But the fearfull news I told you of at the beginning of this Letter is that ther are fresh tidings brought how the Prince Palsgrave had a well appointed Army of about 25000 horse and foot near Prague but the Duke of Bavaria came with scarce half the number and notwithstanding his long march gave them a sudden Battell and utterly routed them Insomnch that the new King of Bohemia hahaving not worn the Crown a whole twelvemonth was forced to flie with his Quâ—…n and children and after many difficulties they write that they are come to the Castle of Castrein the Duke of Brandenburghs Countrey his Uncle Tâ—…is news affects both Court and City here with much heavines I send you my humble thanks for the noble correspondence you pleased to hold with me abroad and I desire to know by the nexâ—… when you come to London that I may have the comfort of the sight of you after so long an absence Maâ—…ch the 1. 1619. Yourâ—… true Servitor J. H. V. To Dr. Fra Manâ—…ell at All Soules in Oxford I Am returned safe from my forain employment from my three years travell I did my best to make what advantage I could of the time though not so much as I should for I find that Peregrination wel us'd is a very profitable school it is a running Academy and nothing conduceth more to the building up and perfecting of a man Your honorable Uncle Sir Râ—…rt Mansell who is now in the Medâ—…erranean hath been very noble to me and I shall ever acknowledg a good part of my education from him He hath melted vast sums of money in the glass busines a busines indeed more proper for a Merchant than a Courtier I heard the King should say that he wondred Robin Mansell being a Sea-man wherby he hath got so much honour should fall from Water to tamper with Fire which are two contrary Elements My Father fears that this glass-employment will be too brittle a foundation for me to build a Fortune upon and Sir Robert being now at my comming back so far at Sea and his return uncertain my Father hath advised me to hearken after some other condition I attempted to goe Secretary to Sir Iohn Ayres to Constantinople but I came too late You have got your self a great deale of good repute by the voluntary resignation you made of the Principality of Iesus College to Sir Eubule Theloall in hope that he will be a considerable Benefactor to it I pray God he perform what he promiseth and that he be not over-partiall to North-wales men Now that I give you the first summon I pray you make me happy with your correspondence by Letters ther is no excuse or impediment at all left now for you are sure where to find me wheras I was a Landloper as the Dutch-man saith a wanderer and subject to incertain removes and short sojourns in divers places before So with apprecation of all happines to you here and hereafter I rest March 5. 1618. At your friendly dispose J. H. VI. To Sir Eubule Theloall Knight and Principall of Jesus Coll. in Oxford SIR I send you most due and humble thanks that notwithstanding I have played the Truant and been absent so long from Oxford you have been pleas'd lately to make choice of me to be Fellow of your new Foundation in Iesus College wherof I was once a Member As the quality of my Fortunes and cours of life run now I cannot make present use of this your great favour or promotion rather yet I do highly value it and humbly accept of it and intend by your permission to reserve and lay it by as a good warm garment against rough weather if any fall on me With this my expression of thankfulnes I do congratulate the great honour you have purchas'd both by your own beneficence and by your painfull endeavor besides to perfect that Nationall College which hereafter is like to be a Monument of your Fame as well as a Seminarie of Learning and will perpetuat your memory to all Posterity God Almighty prosper and perfect your undertakings and provide for you in Heaven those rewards which such publick works of Piety use to be crown'd withall it is the apprecation of Your truly devoted Servitor J. H. London idibus Mar. 1621. VII To my Father SIR according to the advice you sent me in your last while I sought after a new cours of employment a new employment hath lately sought after me My Lord Savage hath two young Gentlemen to his sonâ—…es and I am to goe travell with them Sit Iames Croftes who so much respects you was the main Agent in this busines and I am to goe shortly to Longmâ—…ford in Suffolk and â—…hence to Saint Osith in Essex to the Lord Darcy Queen Anne is lately dead of a Dropsie in Denmark house which is held to
so left to be an apendix of the Crown of France som of them have had absolut and supreme Governors som subaltern and subject to a superior Power Amongst the rest the Earls of Flanders and Holland were most considerable but of them two he of Holland being homegeable to none and having Friestand and Zeland added was the more potent In processe of time all the seventeen met in one som by conquest others by donation and legacie but most by alliance In the House of Burgundy this union receivd most growth but in the House of Austria it came to its full perfection for in Charles the fifth they all met as so many lines drawn from the circumference to the centre who Lording as supreme head not only over the fifteen Temporall but the two Spirituall Liege and Vâ—…recht had a defâ—…in to reduce them to a Kingdom which his Son Philip the second attempted after him but they could not bring their intents home to their aym the cause is imputed to that multiplicitie and difference of privileges which they are so eager to maintain and wherof som cannot stand with a Monarchie without incongruity Philip the second at his inauguration was sworn to observe them at his departure he oblig'd himself by oath to send still one of his own bloud to govern them Moreover at the request of the Knights of the golden Fleece he promised that all Forren souldiers should retire and that he himself would come to visit them once every seventh year but being once gon and leaving in lieu of a Sword a Distaff an unweldy woman to govern he came not only short of his promise but procur'd a Dispensation from the Pope to be absolv'd of his Oath and all this by the counsell of the Cardinall Granvill who as the States Chronicler writes was the first firebrand that kindled that lamentable and longsome war wherein the Netherlands have traded above fifty years in bloud For intending to encrease the number of Bishops to establish the decrees of the Counsell of Trent and to clip the power of the Counsell of State compos'd of the natives of the Land by making it appealable to the Counsell of Spain and by adding to the former Oath of Allegeance all which conduc'd to settle the inquisition and to curb the conscience the broyls began to appease which Ambassadors were dispatch'd to Spain wherof the two first came to violent deaths the one being beheaded the other poysond But the two last Egmont and Horn were nourish'd still with hopes untill ' Philip the second had prepar'd an Army under the conduct of the Duke of Alva to compose the difference by arms For as soon as he came to the government he established the Bloâ—…t-rad as the complainants term'd it a Counsell of Bloud made up most of Spaniards Egmont and Horn were apprehended and afterwards beheaded Cittadells were erected and the Oath of Allegeance with the Politicall government of the Countsey in divers things alter'd This powr'd oyl on the fire formerly kindled and put all in combustion The Prince of Orenge retires therupon his eldest son was surpriz'd and sent as Hostage to Spain and above 5000. Families quit the Countrey many Towns revolted but were afterwards reduc'd to obedience which made the Duke of Alva say that the Netherlands appertain'd to the King of Spain not only by descent but conquest and for cumble of his victories when he attempted to impose the tenth peny for maintenance of the Garrisons in the Cittadels he had erected at Grave Vâ—…echt and Antwerp where he caus'd his Statue made of Canon brasse â—…o be erected trampling the Belgians under his feet all the Towns withstood this imposition so that at last matters succeeding ill with him and having had his cosen Pacecio hang'd at Flushing gates after he had trac'd out the platform of a Citâ—…dell in that Town also he receiv'd Letters of revocation from Spain Him succeeded Don Luys de Requiseus who came short of his predecessor in exploits and dying suddenly in the field the government was invested for the time in the Counsell of State The Spanish soldiers being without a head gather'd together to the number of 16â—…0 and committed such outrages up and down that they were proclamed enemies to the State Hereupon the pacification of Cant was transacted wherof amongst other Articles one was that all forren soldiers should quit the Countrey This was ratified by the King and observ'd by Don Iohn of Austria who succeeded in the government yet Don Iohn retaind the Landskneghts at his devotion still for some secret deffein and as som conjectur'd for the invasion of England he kept the Spaniards also still hovering about the Frontiers ready upon all occasion Certain Letters were intercepted that made a discovery of some projects which made the war to bleed afresh Don Iohn was proclam'd enemy to the State so the Archduke Matthias was sent for who being a man of small performance and improper for the times was dismiss'd but upon honourable terms Don Iohn a little after dies and as som gave out of the pox Then comes in the Duke of Parma a man as of a different Nation being an Italian so of a differing temper and more moderat spirit and of greater performance than all the rest for wheras all the Provinces except Luxenburg and Henault had revolted he reduc'd Gant Tourney Bruges Malins Brussells Antwerp which three last he beleagerd at one time and divers other great Towns to the Spanish obedience again He had sixty thousand men in pay and the choicest which Spain and Italy could afford The French and English Ambassadors intercâ—…ding for a peace had a short answer of Philip the second who said that he needed not the help of any to reconcile himself to his own subjects and reduce them to conformity but the difference that was he would refer to his coâ—…en the Emperor Hereupon the busines was agitated at Colen where the Spaniard stood as high a tipto as ever and notwithstanding the vast expence of treasure and bloud he had bin at for so many years and that matters began to exasperat more and more which were like to prolong the wars in infinitum he would abate nothing in point of Ecclesiastic government Hereupon the States perceiving that King Philip could not be wrought either by the sollicitation of other Princes or their own supplications so often reiâ—…erated that they might enjoy the freedom of Religion with other infranchisements and finding him inexâ—…rable being incited also by that ban which was published against the Prince of Orenge that whosoever killd him should have 5000. crowns they at last absolutely renounced and abjur'd the King of Spain for their Soverain They broâ—…k his Seals chang'd the Oath of Allegeance and fled to France for shelter they inaugurated the Duke of Aniou recommended unto them by the Queen of England to whom he was a sutâ—…r for their Prince who attempted to render himself absolute and so thought to
are safely com to Germany Sir Iohn Penington took us aboard in one of His Majesties Ships at Margets and the Wind stood so fair that wee were at the mouth of the Elve upon Munday following It pleas'd my Lord I should Land first with two Footmen to make haste to Glukstad to learn wher the King of Denmark was and he was at Rensburgh som two daies journey off at a Richsdagh an Assembly that corresponds our Parliament My Lord the next day Landed at Glukstad wher I had provided an accommodation for him though he intended to have gon for Hamburgh but I was bold to tell him that in regard ther were som ombrages and not only so but open and actuall differences 'twixt the King and that Town it might be ill taken if he went thither first before he had attended the King So I left my Lord at Glukstad and being com hither to take up 8000 rich Dollars upon Mr. Burlamacâ—… Bils and fercht Mr. Avery our Agent here I return to morrow to attend 〈◊〉 Lord again I find that matters are much off the Hinges 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 King of Denmark and this Town The 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Sweden is advancing apace to find out Wallestein and Wallestein 〈◊〉 and in all apparance they will be shortly engag'd No more now for I am interpell'd by many businesses when you write deliver your Letters to Mr. Railton who will see them safely convey'd for a little before my departure I brought him acquainted with my Lord that he might negotiat som things at Court So with my service and love to all at Westminster I rest Hamburgh Octo. 23. 1632. Your faithfull servitor J. H. II. To my Lord Viscount S. from Hamburgh My Lord SInce I was last in Town my Lord of Leicester hath attended the King of Denmarke at Rensburg in Holsteinland he was brought thither from Glukstad in indifferent good equipage both for Coaches and Waggons but he stayed som dayes at Rensburg for Audience we made a comly gallant shew in that kind when we went to Court for wee were neer upon a hundred all of one peece in mourning It pleas'd my Lord to make me the Orator and so I made a long Latin Speech alta voce to the King in Latin of the occasion of this Ambassie and tending to the praise of the deceased Queen and I had better luck then Secretary Nanton had som thirty yeers since with Roger Earl of Rutland for at the beginning of his Speech when he had pronounc'd Serenissime Rex he was dash'd out of countenance and so gravell'd that he could go no further I made another to Christian the fifth his eldest Son King elect of Denmark for though that Crown be purely electif yet for these three last Kings they wrought so with the people that they got their eldest Sons chosen and declar'd before their death and to assume the Title of Kings elect At the same Audience I made another Speech to Prince Frederic Archbishop of Bâ—…eme the Kings third Son and he hath but one more besides his naturall Issue which is Prince Ulriâ—… now in the Warrs with the Duke of Sax and they say ther is an alliance contracted already 'twixt Christian the fifth and the Duke of Sax his Daughter This ceremony being perform'd my Lord desir'd â—…o find his own diet and then he fell to divers businesses which is â—…ot fitting for me to forestall or impart unto your Lordship now 〈◊〉 wee staied there neer upon a moneth The King feasted my Lord once and it lasted from eleven of the clock till towards the Evening during which time the King began thirty five healths the first to the Emperour the second to his Nephew of England and so went over all the Kings and Queens of Christendom but he never remembred the Prince Palsgraves health or his Neece's all the while The King was taken away at last in his Chair but my Lord of Leicester bore up stoutly all the while so that when ther came two of the Kings Guard to take him by the Arms as he was going down the stairs my Lord shook them off and went alone The next morning I went to Court for som dispatches but the King was gon a hunting at break of day but going to som other of his Officers their servants told me without any apparance of shame That their Masters were drunk over night and so it would be late before they would rise A few daies after we went to Gothorp Castle in Sâ—…eswickland to the Duke of Holsteins Court where at my Lords first audience I made another Latin Speech to the Duke touching his Gran-Mothers death our entertainment there was brave though a little fulsom my Lord was log'd in the Dukes Castle and parted with Presents which is more then the King of Denmark did thence we went to Husem in Ditzmarsh to the Dutchess of Holsteins Court our Queen Anns youngest Sister wher we had also very ful entertainment I made a speech to her also about her Mothers death and when I nam'd the Lady Sophia the tears came down her cheeks Thence we came back to Rhensburg and so to this Town of Hamburgh where my Lord intends to repose som daies after an abrupt odd journey wee had through Holsteinland but I beleeve it will not be long in regard Sir Iohn Pennington stayes for him upon the River We expect Sir Robert Anstruther to com from Viâ—… hither to take the advantage of the Kings Ship We understand that the Imperiall and Swedish Army have made neer approaches one to the other and that som skirmishes and blows have bin already twixt them which are the forerunners of a battle So my good Lord I rest Hamburgh 9 Octo. 1632. Your most humble and faithfull Sâ—…vitor J. H. III. To the Right honble the Earl R. from Hamburgh My Lord THough your Lordship must needs think that in the imployment I am in which requires a whole man my spirits must be distracted by multiplicity of businesses yet because I would not recede from my old method and first principles of travell when I came to any great City to couch in writing what 's most observable I sequestred my self from other Affairs to send your Lordship what followeth touching this great Hans-Town The Hans or Hansiatic lâ—…gue is very ancient som would derive the word from hand because they of the society plight their faith by that action Others derive it from Hansa which in the Gothic toung is Counsell Others would have it com from Han der see which signifies neer or upon the Sea and this passeth for the best Etymology because their Towns are all seated so or upon som navigable River neer the sea The extent of the old Hans was from the Nerve in Livonia to the Rhin and contain'd 62 great Mercantil Towns which were divided to four Precincts The chiefest of the first Prâ—…cinct was Lubâ—…ck wher the Archiss of their ancient Records and their prime Chancery is still and this Town is within that
Sophisters were the first Lawyers that ever were I shall be upon incertain removes hence untill I come to Roüeâ—… in France and there I mean to cast Anchor a good while I shall expect your Letters there with impatience I pray present my Service to Sir Iames Altham and to my good Lady your Mother with the rest to whom it is due in Bishopsgate Street and elsewhere So I am Yours in the best degree of Friendship J. H. Hague 30. of May 1619. X. To Sir James Crofts from the Hague SIR THe same observance that a Father may challenge of his child the like you may claim of me in regard of the extraordinary care you have bin pleas'd to have alwayes since I had the happines to know you of the cours of my Fortunes I am now newly come to the Hague the Court of the six and almost seven confederated Provinces the Counsell of State with the Prince of Orange makes his firm Residence here unlesse he be upon a march and in motion for some design abroad This Prince Maurice was cast in a mould suitable to the temper of this people he is slow and full of warines and not without a mixture of fear I do not mean a pusillanimous but politic fear he is the most constant in the quotidian cours and carriage of his life of any that J have ever heard or read of for whosoever knows the customs of the Prince of Orange may tell what he is a doing here evry hour of the day though he be in Constantinople In the morning he awaketh about six in Sommer and seven in Winter the first thing he doth he sends one of his Grooms or Pages to see how the wind sits and he wears or leaves off his Wascot accordingly then he is about an hour dressing himself and about a quarter of an hour in his Closet then comes in the Secretary and if he hath any privat or public Letters to write or any other dispatches to make he doth it before he stirs from his Chamber then comes he abroad and goes to his Stables if it be no Sermon day to see some of his Gentlemen or Pages of whose breeding he is very carefull ride the great Horse He is very accessible to any that hath busines with him and sheweth a winning kind of familiarity for he will shake hands with the meanest Boor of the Countrey and he seldom hears any Commander or Gentleman with his Hat on He dines punctually about twelve and his Table is free for all comers but none under the degree of a Captain useth to sit down at it after dinner he stayes in the Room a good while and then any one may accost him and tell his tale then he reâ—…res to his Chamber where he answers all Petitions that were delivered him in the Morning and towards the Evening if he goes not to Counsell which is seldome he goes either to make some visits or to take the Air abroad and according to this constant method he passeth his life Ther are great stirs like to arise twixt the Bohemians and their elected King the Emperour and they are com already to that height that they consult of deposing him and to chuse some Protestant Prince to be their King som talk of the Duke of Saxony others of the Palsgrave J beleeve the States here would rather be for the latter in regard of conformity of Religion the other being a Lutheran I could not find in Amsterdum a large Ortelius in French to send you but from 〈◊〉 I will not fail to serve you So wishing you all happines and health and that the Sun may make many progresses more through the Zodiac before those comely Gray hairs of yours go to the Grave I rest Iune the 3. 1619. Your very humble Servant J. H. XI To Captain Francis Bacon at the Glassehouse in Broad-street SIR MY last to you was from Amsterdam since which time I have travers'd the prime parts of the united Provinces and â—… am now in Zealand being newly come to this Town of Middlâ—… borough which is much crest-faln since the Staple of English Cloâ—… was removed hence aâ—… is Flishing also her next Neighbor since thâ—… departure of the English Garrison A good intelligent Gentleman told me the manner how Flishing and the Bâ—…ill our two Cautionary Towns here were redeem'd which was thus The ninâ—… hundred and odd Souldiers at Flishing and the Rammakins haâ—… by being many weeks without their pay they borrow'd diverâ—… sums of Money of the States of this Town who finding no hopeâ—… of supply from England advice was sent to the States-Generall 〈◊〉 the Hague they consulting with Sir Ralph Winwood our Ambassador who was a favourable Instrument unto them in this busines as also in the match with the Palsgrave sent Instructions to the Lord Caroon to acquaint the Earl of Suffolk then Lord Treasurer herewith and in case they could find no satisfaction there to make his addresse to the King himself which Caroon did His Majestie being much incens'd that his Subjects and Souldiers should starve for want of their pay in a Forren Countrey sent for the Lord Treasurer who drawing his Majestie aside and telling how empty his Exchequer was His Majestie told the Ambassador that if his Masters the States would pay the money they ow'd him upon those Towns he would deliver them up The Ambassador returning the next day to know whether his Majestie persisted in the same Resolution in regard that at his former audience he perceived him to be a little transported His Majesty answered That he knew the States of Holland to be his good frends and confederats both in point of Religion and Policy therefore he apprehended not the least fear of any difference that should fall out between them in contemplation whereof if they desir'd to have their Towns again he would willingly surrender them Hereupon the States made up the sum presently which came in convenient time for it serv'd to defray the expencefull progresse he made to Scotland the Summer following When that Money was lent by Queen Elizabeth it was Articled that Interest should be payed upon Interest and besides that for evry Gentleman who should lose his life in the States Service they should make good five pounds to the Crown of England All this His Majestie remitted and onely took the principall and this was done in requitall of that Princely Entertainment and great Presents which my Lady Elizabeth had received in divers of their Towns as she pass'd to Heydelberg The Bearer hereof is Sigr Antoniâ—… Miotti who was Master of a Crystall-Glasse Furnace here a long time and as I have it by good intelligence he is one of the ablest and most knowing men for the guidance of a Glasse-Work in Christendom Therefore according to my Instructions I send him over and hope to â—…ave done Sir Robert good service thereby So with my kinde respects unto you and my most humble Service where you know â—…is due
and ecclesiastiâ—… for the maid of Orleans which is performd every year very solemnly her Statue stands upon the bridg and her cloths are proserv'd to this day which a young man wore in the Procession which makes me think that her story though it sound like a romance is very true And I read it thus in two or three Chronicles when the Englâ—…sh had made such firm invasions in France that their Armies had marchd into the heart of the Countrey besiegd Orleans and driven Charles the seventh to Bourges in Berry which made him to be calld for the time King of Berry there came to his Armie a Shepheardesse one Anne de Arque who with a confident look and language told the King that she was design'd by heaven to beat the English and drive them out of France Therefore she desired a command in the Army which by her extraordinary confidence and importunity she obtain'd and putting on mans apparell she prov'd so prosperous that the siege was raisd from before Orleans and the English were pursued to Paris and forced to quit that and driven to Normandy she usd to go on with marvellous courage and resolution and her word was hara ha But in Normandy she was taken prisoner and the English had a fair revenge upon her for by an arrest of the Parliament of Rouen she was burnt for a Witch Ther is a great busines now a foot in Paris calld the Polette which if it take effect will tend to correct at least wise to cover a great error in the French Government The custom is that all the chief places of Justice throughout all the eight Courts of Parliament in France besides a great number of other offices are set to sale by the King and they return to him unless the buyer liveth fourty dayes after his resignation to another It is now propounded that these casuall offices shall be absolutly hereditary provided that every officer pay a yearly revenue unto the King according to the valuation and perquisits of the oâ—…ice this busines is now in hot â—…gitation buâ—… the issue is yet doubtfull The last you sent I receivd by Vacandary in Paris so highly honoring your excellent parts and meâ—…it I rest now that I understand French indifferently well no more your she Servant but Orleans 3 Martii 1622. Your most faithfull Servitor J. H. XXIV To Sir James Crofts Knight SIR VVEre I to fraight a Letter with Complements this Countrey would furnish me with variety but of news a small store at this present and for Complement it is dangerous to use aâ—…y to you who have such a piercing judgment to discern semblanâ—…es from realities The Queen Mother is com at last to Paris where she hath not been since Anâ—…e's death The King is also return'd post from Boâ—…deaux having travers'd most part of his Kingdom he setled peace every where he pas'd and quash'd divers insurrections and by his obedience to his mother and his lenity towards all her partisans aâ—… pont de Câ—… where above 400 were slain and notwithstanding that he was victorious yet he gave a generall pardon he hath gain'd much upon the affections of his people His Counsell of State wenâ—… ambulatory always with him and as they say here never did men manage things with more wisdom Ther is a war questionless a fermenting against the Protestants the Duke of Espernon in a kind of Rodomontado way desired leave of the King to block up Rochell and in six weeks he would undertake to deliver her to his hands but I beleeve he reckons without his Host. I was told a merry passage of this little Gascon Duke who is now the oldest soldier of France Having come lately to Paris he treated with a Pander to procure him a â—…urtesan and if she was a Damoisell a Gentlewoman he would give so much and if a Citizen he would give so much The Pandeâ—… did his Office but brought him a Citizen clad in Damoisells apparell so she and her Maquerell were paid accordingly the neâ—… day after som of his familiars having understood hereof began to be pleasant with the Duke and to jeer him that he being a visâ—…il Routier an old tried soldier should suffer himself to be so coâ—…end as to pay for a Citizen after the rate of a Gentlewoman the little Duke grew half wild hereupon and commenc'd an action of fraud against the Pander but what became of it I cannot tell you but all Paris rung of it I hope to return now very shortly to England where amongst the â—…est of my noble friends I shall much rejoyce to see and serve you whom I honour with no vulgar affection so I am Your true Servitor J. H. Orleans 5 Martii 1622. XXV To my Cosen Mr. Will. Martin at Brussells from Paris Dear Cosen I Find you are very punctuall in your performances and a precise observer of the promise you made here to correspond with Mr. Altham and me by Letters I thank you for the variety of German news you imparted unto me which was so neatly couch'd and curiously knit together that your Letter â—…ight serve for a pattern to the best Intelligencer I am sorry the affairs of the Prince Palsgrave go so untowardly the wheel of War may turn and that Spoke which is now up may down again For French Occurrences ther is a War certainly intended against them of the Religion here and ther are visible preparations a loot already Amongst others that shrink in the shoulders at it the Kings servants are not very wel pleas'd with it in regard besides Scots and Swissers ther are divers of the Kings Servants that are Protestants If a man go to 〈◊〉 ' di sâ—…ato to reason of State the French King hath somthing to justifie this dessein for the Protestants being so numerous and having neer upon fifty presidiary wall'd Towns in their hands for caution they have power to disturb France when they please and being abetted by a forren Prince to give the King Law and you know as well as I how they have been made use of to kindle a fire in France Therfore rather than they should be utterly supprest I believe the Spaniard himself would reach them his ragged staff to defend them I send you here inclos'd another from Master Altham who respects you dearly and we remembred you lately at la pomme du pin in the best liquor of the French Grape I shall be shortly for London where I shall not rejoyce a little to meet you that English air may confirm what forren begun I mean our friendship and affections and in Me that I may return you in English the Latin Verses you sent me As soon a little little Ant Shall bib the Ocean dry A Snail shall creep about the world Ere these affections dye So my dear Cosen may Vertue be your guide and Fortune your Companion Paris 18 Martii 1622. Yours while Jam. Howell Familiar Letters SECTION III. I. To my Father SIR I Am
Verge Cullen is chief of the second Precinct Erurswic of the third and Danzic of the fourth The Kings of Peland and Sweden have sued to be their Protector but they refus'd them because they were not Princes of the Empire they put off also the King of Denmark with a Complement nor would they admit the King of Spain when he was most potent in the Netherlands though afterwards when 't was too late they desir'd the help of the Ragged Staff nor of the Duke of Anjou notwithstanding that the world thought he should have married our Queen who interceded for him and so 't was probable that therby they might recover their privileges in England so that I do not find they ever had any Protector but the great Master of Prussia and their want of a Protector did do them som prejudice in that famous difference they had with our Queen The old Hans had extraordinary immunities given them by our Henry the third because they assisted him in his wars with so many ships and as they pretend the King was not only to pay them for the service of the said Ships but for the Vessells themselves if they miscarried Now it happen'd that at their return to Germany from serving Henry the third ther was a great Fleet of them cast away for which according to Covenant they demanded reparation Our King in lieu of money amongst other Acts of Grace gave them a privilege to pay but one per cent which continued untill Queen Mories reign and she by advice of King Philip her husband as 't was conceiv'd enhanc'd the one to twenty per cent The Hans not onely complain'd but clamor'd loudly for breach of their ancient Privileges confirm'd unto them time out of mind by thirteen successive Kings of England which they pretended to have purchased with their money King Philip undertook to accommode the busines but Queen Mary dying a little after and he retiring ther could be nothing don Complaint being made to Queen Elizabeth she answerd That as shee would not innovat any thing so she would maintain them still in the same condition she found them hereupon their Navigation and Trafic ceas'd a while Wherfore the English tryed what they could do themselves and they thrive so well that they took the whole trade into their own hands and so divided themselves though they bee now but one to Staplers and Merchant Adventurers the one residing constant in one place wher they kept their Magazin of Wool the other stirring and adventuring to divers places abroad with Cloth and other Manufactures which made the Hans endevor to draw upon them all the malignancy they could from all Nations Moreover the Hans Towns being a body politic incorporated in the Empire complain'd hereof to the Emperor who sent over persons of great quality to mediat an accommodation but they could effect nothing Then the Queen caus'd a Proclamation to be punish'd that the Easterlings or Merchants of the Hans should be intreated and us'd as all other strangers were within her Dominions without any mark of difference in point of commerce This netled them more therupon they bent their Forces more eagerly and in a Diet at Ratisbon they procurd that the English Merchants who had associated themselves into Fraternities in Embdâ—…n and other places should bee declar'd Monopolists and so ther was a Comitiall Edict publishd against them that they should be exterminated and banisht out of all parts of the Empire and this was don by the activity of one Suderman a great Civilian Ther was there for the Queen Gilpin as nimble a man as Suderman and he had the Chancelor of Embden to second and countenance him but they could not stop the said Edict wherin the Society of English Merchants Adventurers was pronounc'd to bee a Monopoly yet Gilpin plaid his game so well that he wrought under hand that the said Imperiall Ban should not be publish'd till after the dissolution of the Diet and that in the interim the Emperor should send Ambassadors to England to advertise the Queen of such a Ban against her Merchants But this wrought so little impression upon the Queen that the said Ban grew rather ridiculous than formidable for the Town of Embden harbour'd our Merchants notwithstanding and afterwards Stode but they not being able to protect them so well from the Imperiall Ban they setled in this Town of Hamburgh After this the Queen commanded another Proclamation to be divulg'd that the Easterlings or Hansiatic Merchants should bee allowed to Trade in England upon the same conditions and payment of duties as her own Subjects provided Thaâ—… the English Merchants might have interchangeable privilege to reside and trade peaceably in Stode or Hamburgh or any wher els within the precincts of the Hans This incens'd them more therupon they resolv'd to cut off Stode and Hamburgh from being members of the Hans or of the Empire but they suspended this dessein till they saw what success the great Spanish Fleet should have which was then preparing in the yeer eighty eight for they had not long before had recours to the King of Spain and made him their own and he had don them som materiall good Offices wherfore to this day the Spanish Counsell is tax'd of improvidence and imprudence that ther was no use made of the Hans Towns in that expedition The Queen finding that they of the Hans would not be contented with that equality she had offer'd 'twixt them and her own Subjects put out a Proclamation that they should carry neither Corn Victualls Arms Timber Masts Cables Mineralls nor any other materialls or Men to Spain or Portugall And after the Queen growing more redoubtable and famous by the overthrow of the Fleet of Eighty eight the Osterlings fell to despair of doing any good Add hereunto another disaster that befell them the taking of sixty sailes of their Ships about the mouth of Tagus in Portugall by the Queens Ships that were laden with Ropas de contrabando viz. Goods prohibited by her former Proclamation into the dominions of Spain And as these Ships were upon point of being discharg'd she had intelligence of a great Assembly at Lubâ—…ck which had met of purpose to consule of means to be reveng'd of her therupon she staid and seiz'd upon the said sixty Ships only two were freed to bring news what became of the rest Hereupon the Pole sent an Ambassador to her who spake in a high tone but he was answer'd in a higher Ever since our Merchants have beaten a peacefull and free uninterrupted Trade into this Town and elswhere within and without the Sound with their Manufactures of Wool and found the way also to the White-Sea to Archangel and Mosco Insomuch that the premisses being well considered it was a happy thing for England that that clashing fell out 'twixt her and the Hans for it may be said to have been the chief ground of that Shipping and Merchandising which she is now com