large_a discovery_n thereof_o to_o such_o as_o deal_v with_o arm_n wherein_o if_o i_o keep_v some_o order_n and_o fashion_n of_o precept_n it_o be_v but_o to_o treat_v of_o those_o thing_n in_o some_o method_n which_o be_v disperse_v in_o the_o history_n and_o not_o to_o give_v any_o certain_a judgement_n what_o be_v to_o be_v do_v in_o that_o behalf_n for_o i_o hope_v that_o when_o the_o matter_n be_v once_o set_v down_o a_o prince_n may_v upon_o this_o discourse_n choose_v what_o he_o think_v good_a as_o bee_n do_v upon_o flower_n i_o know_v that_o the_o most_o part_n of_o the_o stratagem_n that_o be_v find_v good_a in_o time_n past_a be_v now_o out_o of_o use_n and_o that_o as_o cambyses_n say_v unto_o cyrus_n like_v as_o in_o music_n the_o new_a song_n &_o such_o as_o be_v never_o hear_v afore_o do_v like_o man_n best_a so_o in_o war_n the_o policy_n that_o have_v not_o erst_o be_v practise_v have_v best_a success_n because_o the_o enemy_n do_v least_o suspect_v they_o but_o we_o may_v also_o say_v that_o many_o time_n old_a song_n be_v renew_v and_o sing_v for_o new_a and_o likewise_o in_o war_n 〈…〉_o old_a policy_n may_v be_v renew_v and_o take_v for_o new_a for_o there_o be_v not_o any_o thing_n do_v which_o have_v not_o be_v do_v afore_o by_o mean_n whereof_o i_o have_v gather_v and_o compact_v together_o a_o part_n of_o the_o old_a policy_n of_o time_n past_a to_o the_o intent_n that_o among_o many_o the_o prince_n may_v choose_v that_o which_o he_o shall_v find_v best_a or_o at_o leastwise_o not_o be_v ignorant_a to_o keep_v himself_o from_o they_o for_o the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o policy_n of_o time_n past_a together_o with_o those_o which_o he_o have_v see_v by_o experience_n will_v give_v he_o a_o great_a judgement_n in_o the_o feat_n of_o war_n and_o will_v make_v he_o to_o call_v to_o mind_n again_o and_o bethink_v he_o of_o the_o thing_n that_o he_o have_v see_v at_o other_o time_n wherefore_o to_o keep_v the_o order_n that_o i_o begin_v with_o it_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v that_o to_o reign_v happy_o and_o to_o maintain_v himself_o and_o his_o subject_n in_o peace_n and_o tranquillity_n it_o be_v not_o enough_o for_o a_o prince_n to_o establish_v good_a law_n and_o ordinance_n if_o he_o do_v not_o likewise_o set_v good_a order_n for_o matter_n of_o war_n which_o may_v light_v upon_o his_o army_n whether_o he_o will_v or_o no_o and_o sometime_o the_o wrong_n that_o shall_v be_v offer_v he_o shall_v compel_v he_o to_o war_n upon_o his_o neighbour_n so_o that_o it_o be_v hard_o for_o a_o prince_n to_o reign_v long_o without_o some_o war_n either_o in_o assail_a or_o in_o defend_v whereof_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o he_o increase_v and_o diminish_v his_o state_n and_o reputation_n according_a to_o his_o fortunate_a or_o unfortunate_a success_n and_o to_o make_v himself_o the_o strong_a he_o make_v league_n with_o his_o friend_n and_o ally_n or_o else_o his_o enemy_n prevent_v he_o who_o have_v make_v a_o offensive_a 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prolong_v time_n and_o a_o little_a skill_n to_o sway_v with_o the_o time_n league_n wherefore_o when_o a_o prince_n be_v assail_v by_o a_o puissant_a army_n he_o must_v oppose_v another_o against_o he_o he_o must_v furnish_v well_o his_o hold_n and_o he_o must_v encamp_v himself_o in_o a_o place_n of_o such_o advantage_n as_o his_o enemy_n may_v not_o be_v so_o bold_a as_o to_o adventure_v upon_o he_o and_o in_o the_o mean_a while_n he_o must_v attempt_v by_o all_o mean_n to_o disjoin_v the_o whole_a league_n or_o at_o leastwise_o to_o get_v some_o one_o out_o of_o the_o league_n which_o be_v so_o easy_a a_o thing_n to_o be_v do_v that_o as_o many_o as_o have_v bend_v themselves_o unto_o it_o have_v almost_o never_o fail_v king_n lois_fw-fr the_o eleven_o be_v very_o excellent_a in_o this_o feat_n every_o man_n know_v how_o he_o accord_v with_o the_o county_n of_o charolois_n at_o constans_n so_o that_o when_o he_o be_v once_o take_v out_o of_o the_o play_n it_o be_v of_o necessity_n that_o the_o duke_n of_o berry_n and_o bretaine_n shall_v be_v comprise_v in_o the_o accord_n because_o they_o be_v not_o of_o sufficient_a power_n to_o encounter_v the_o king_n of_o france_n without_o the_o help_n of_o the_o burgonion_o another_o time_n have_v to_o do_v with_o two_o mighty_a neighbour_n the_o king_n of_o england_n and_o the_o duke_n of_o burgoine_n when_o he_o see_v that_o the_o duke_n of_o burgoine_n be_v not_o yet_o knit_v to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n he_o make_v peace_n with_o the_o king_n of_o england_n so_o as_o he_o have_v no_o mo_z to_o deal_v with_o but_o the_o duke_n of_o burgoine_n king_n francis_n the_o first_o be_v assail_v by_o the_o emperor_n and_o by_o the_o king_n of_o england_n in_o the_o year_n 1544._o by_o reason_n whereof_o he_o oppose_v against_o the_o emperor_n a_o strong_a host_n and_o against_o the_o king_n of_o england_n town_n well_o fortify_v and_o in_o the_o mean_a while_o he_o find_v mean_n to_o agree_v with_o the_o emperor_n without_o call_v the_o king_n of_o england_n thereto_o and_o by_o that_o mean_v it_o be_v the_o easy_a for_o he_o to_o agree_v with_o the_o englishman_n afterward_o the_o emperor_n be_v sore_o cumber_v in_o have_v to_o deal_v with_o two_o mighty_a army_n at_o once_o to_o wit_n king_n henry_n the_o second_o and_o the_o protestant_n by_o reason_n whereof_o he_o advise_v himself_o to_o grant_v the_o protestant_n their_o demand_n that_o he_o may_v afterward_o bend_v himself_o upon_o the_o king_n which_o thing_n make_v i_o to_o think_v that_o in_o league_n there_o be_v somewhat_o to_o be_v fear_v and_o that_o there_o be_v danger_n in_o enter_v into_o they_o the_o which_o it_o stand_v a_o prince_n great_o on_o hand_n to_o provide_v for_o but_o it_o be_v not_o hard_a to_o undo_v they_o because_o the_o leguer_n look_v more_o to_o their_o own_o peculiar_a profit_n profit_n than_o to_o the_o common_a profit_n of_o they_o all_o and_o the_o society_n which_o all_o of_o they_o do_v make_v be_v lion-like_o as_o they_o term_v it_o for_o every_o of_o they_o respect_v his_o own_o peculiar_a profit_n and_o if_o you_o set_v that_o aside_o by_z and_o by_o all_o be_v lay_v a_o water_n but_o if_o there_o befall_v too_o happy_a success_n to_o any_o one_o that_o be_v in_o league_n and_o the_o prince_n see_v that_o fortune_n smile_v upon_o his_o companion_n he_o must_v not_o by_o and_o by_o give_v he_o over_o there_o and_o make_v league_n against_o he_o mean_n as_o the_o pope_n and_o the_o duke_n of_o milan_n and_o all_o italy_n do_v for_o king_n francis_n the_o first_o upon_o his_o take_n of_o the_o emperor_n charles_n prisoner_n with_o who_o they_o have_v be_v link_v in_o league_n afore_o against_o the_o king_n the_o leontines_n and_o rhegine_v have_v enter_v into_o arm_n against_o the_o syracusanes_n make_v a_o league_n with_o the_o athenian_n by_o who_o aid_n they_o maintain_v the_o war_n along_o time_n but_o in_o the_o end_n when_o they_o understand_v by_o the_o report_n that_o hermocrates_n make_v unto_o all_o the_o sicilian_n in_o general_a that_o all_o that_o the_o athenian_n do_v be_v to_o make_v themselves_o lord_n of_o sicily_n they_o give_v over_o the_o league_n and_o make_v peace_n among_o themselves_o league_n moreover_o in_o most_o of_o these_o league_n there_o be_v always_o some_o one_o that_o draw_v backward_o and_o come_v lag_v behind_o as_o the_o emperor_n maximilian_n do_v when_o he_o be_v ally_v with_o king_n lois_fw-fr the_o twelve_o against_o the_o venetian_n for_o king_n lois_fw-fr be_v in_o the_o field_n at_o the_o day_n appoint_v and_o have_v spoil_v the_o venetian_n of_o the_o place_n that_o shall_v have_v fall_v to_o his_o share_n by_o agreement_n of_o the_o league_n afore_o the_o
emperor_n be_v enter_v into_o italy_n and_o this_o slackness_n of_o his_o save_v the_o city_n padua_n and_o a_o good_a part_n of_o the_o state_n of_o venice_n and_o have_v the_o venetian_n be_v warrior_n and_o well_o provide_v they_o have_v put_v king_n lois_fw-fr to_o a_o plunge_n for_o they_o have_v as_o than_o no_o mo_z but_o he_o to_o deal_v with_o so_o that_o his_o league_n do_v he_o small_a service_n the_o duke_n of_o burgoine_n shall_v have_v join_v with_o the_o king_n of_o england_n to_o invade_v the_o country_n of_o king_n lois_fw-fr the_o eleven_o but_o he_o linger_v so_o long_o at_o the_o siege_n of_o nuis_n that_o the_o king_n of_o england_n be_v fain_o to_o return_v and_o make_v peace_n as_o i_o have_v say_v already_o the_o league_n of_o the_o spanish_a king_n and_o the_o venetian_n against_o the_o turk_n turn_v by_o and_o by_o into_o smoke_n by_o reason_n of_o distrust_n that_o rise_v betwixt_o they_o notwithstanding_o that_o the_o turk_n be_v overcome_v upon_o the_o sea_n by_o the_o confederate_n at_o lepanto_n many_o time_n do_v the_o italian_n and_o spaniard_n joint_o conspire_v to_o drive_v the_o frenchman_n out_o of_o italy_n but_o one_o while_o the_o spaniard_n depart_v from_o the_o confederacy_n another_o while_n the_o pope_n shrink_v back_o and_o another_o while_o the_o venetian_n fall_v in_o with_o we_o which_o be_v a_o cause_n that_o we_o hold_v our_o foot_n still_o notwithstanding_o their_o league_n these_o example_n with_o a_o hundred_o other_o which_o i_o leave_v for_o briefness_n sake_n may_v warn_v we_o that_o a_o puissant_a and_o well_o advise_v prince_n shall_v never_o want_v mean_n to_o dissever_v such_o as_o confederate_a themselves_o against_o he_o chap._n ii_o of_o governor_n send_v into_o the_o frontier_n of_o country_n and_o whether_o they_o shall_v be_v change_v or_o suffer_v to_o continue_v still_o when_o a_o prince_n have_v associate_v himself_o with_o his_o friend_n and_o neighbour_n to_o defend_v himself_o or_o to_o assail_v his_o enemy_n it_o behove_v he_o to_o take_v order_n for_o his_o frontier_n and_o to_o provide_v himself_o of_o a_o good_a wise_a and_o valiant_a chieftain_n to_o lie_v ordinary_o with_o a_o good_a number_n of_o soldier_n in_o the_o province_n that_o be_v most_o subject_a to_o the_o invasion_n of_o enemy_n but_o here_o some_o man_n may_v demand_v whether_o such_o a_o governor_n or_o chieftain_n ought_v never_o to_o be_v change_v or_o whether_o he_o ought_v to_o be_v change_v as_o the_o praetor_n proconsul_n and_n precedent_n of_o province_n be_v among_o the_o roman_n i_o have_v declare_v in_o the_o title_n of_o justice_n that_o the_o emperor_n alexander_n severus_n change_v his_o officer_n oft_o and_o that_o augustus_n alter_v not_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o roman_n in_o send_v senator_n into_o province_n for_o a_o certain_a time_n aristotle_n in_o his_o book_n of_o commonweal_n matter_n reprove_v the_o candiot_n for_o suffer_v one_o of_o their_o magistrate_n who_o they_o call_v consul_n to_o be_v perpetual_a whereas_o they_o shall_v have_v be_v shift_v from_o time_n to_o time_n and_o it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v doubt_v but_o that_o that_o manner_n of_o deal_n be_v very_o behooveful_a in_o a_o commonweal_n where_o every_o man_n look_v to_o bear_v office_n of_o honour_n which_o few_o shall_v have_v enjoy_v if_o the_o charge_n of_o government_n shall_v have_v be_v tie_v to_o one_o alone_a to_o occupy_v the_o place_n of_o many_o good_a citizen_n who_o can_v have_v discharge_v the_o office_n as_o well_o as_o he_o province_n and_o thereof_o will_v have_v ensue_v a_o great_a inconvenience_n namely_o that_o a_o army_n be_v govern_v overlong_o by_o one_o citizen_n will_v have_v grow_v partial_a in_o his_o behalf_n and_o not_o have_v acknowledge_v any_o other_o for_o their_o head_n than_o he_o under_o who_o they_o have_v so_o long_o serve_v moreover_o the_o general_n or_o chief_a captain_n of_o a_o army_n that_o shall_v have_v continue_v so_o long_o together_o in_o office_n will_v become_v so_o rich_a and_o increase_v in_o honour_n that_o he_o can_v not_o find_v in_o his_o heart_n to_o live_v as_o mean_v citizen_n afterward_o whereupon_o it_o will_v follow_v of_o necessity_n that_o the_o citizen_n shall_v fall_v to_o war_n among_o themselves_o that_o be_v the_o cause_n that_o silla_n and_o marius_n find_v man_n at_o their_o devotion_n which_o dare_v maintain_v their_o ambition_n against_o the_o welfare_n of_o the_o commonweal_n the_o prorogation_n of_o the_o five_o year_n which_o be_v give_v to_o julius_n caesar_n for_o the_o govern_n of_o the_o gaul_n and_o the_o overgreat_a number_n of_o office_n of_o honour_n that_o be_v bestow_v upon_o pompey_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o the_o ruin_n of_o rome_n for_o there_o be_v not_o in_o his_o time_n any_o goodly_a enterprise_n whereof_o he_o be_v not_o the_o executor_n and_o although_o there_o be_v great_a reason_n that_o the_o senate_n shall_v prorogue_v the_o consul_n philoes_n authority_n before_o palepolis_n and_o likewise_o of_o lucullus_n &_o metellus_n without_o send_v pompey_n to_o be_v successor_n to_o the_o one_o and_o marius_n to_o be_v successor_n to_o the_o other_o yet_o have_v it_o be_v better_o for_o the_o commonweal_n to_o have_v forbear_v that_o gain_n and_o to_o have_v leave_v the_o war_n unfinished_a than_o to_o have_v suffer_v the_o seed_n of_o tyranny_n to_o grow_v up_o to_o the_o overthrow_n of_o the_o publike-weale_n and_o i_o marvel_v not_o that_o epaminâ—ndas_n be_v put_v to_o his_o neck-verse_n for_o execute_v the_o praetorship_n contrary_a to_o the_o law_n but_o only_o three_o month_n beyond_o his_o appoint_a term_n though_o in_o that_o while_o he_o finish_v the_o war_n that_o have_v be_v begin_v and_o deliver_v the_o theban_n from_o bondage_n for_o as_o on_o the_o one_o side_n the_o greatness_n of_o the_o benefit_n encounter_v the_o law_n so_o on_o the_o other_o side_n there_o be_v as_o a_o apparent_a breach_n of_o the_o law_n which_o may_v procure_v great_a prejudice_n in_o time_n to_o come_v commonweal_n now_o in_o a_o free_a city_n this_o overgreat_a mightiness_n be_v to_o be_v fear_v and_o therefore_o it_o be_v no_o wonder_n though_o publicola_n be_v in_o good_a time_n redoubt_v of_o the_o roman_n and_o compel_v to_o show_v that_o he_o mean_v to_o make_v himself_o equal_a with_o the_o mean_a and_o in_o my_o opinion_n the_o ostracism_n of_o athens_n which_o afterward_o be_v mock_v at_o for_o banish_v a_o fellow_n that_o be_v nought_o worth_a be_v not_o without_o great_a reason_n for_o have_v not_o the_o excellent_a citizen_n be_v bridle_v by_o exile_n they_o will_v at_o length_n have_v grow_v so_o proud_a that_o they_o will_v have_v make_v themselves_o king_n and_o master_n of_o the_o city_n as_o pericles_n may_v well_o have_v do_v if_o he_o have_v be_v of_o a_o ambitious_a mind_n and_o as_o other_o do_v afterward_o that_o be_v mean_a than_o he_o and_o therefore_o i_o make_v no_o doubt_n of_o it_o but_o that_o in_o common-weal_n there_o ought_v to_o be_v no_o such_o thing_n governor_n but_o in_o monarchy_n where_o one_o alone_o command_v it_o be_v better_a to_o set_v a_o governor_n or_o viceroy_n that_o shall_v continue_v there_o all_o his_o life_n after_o that_o manner_n have_v our_o king_n do_v in_o piedmont_n with_o happy_a success_n but_o if_o the_o people_n of_o the_o province_n make_v any_o complaint_n of_o the_o covetousness_n of_o their_o governor_n or_o of_o his_o extortion_n and_o great_a cruelty_n or_o if_o the_o prince_n doubt_v of_o his_o loyalty_n in_o such_o case_n the_o prince_n must_v revoke_v he_o and_o send_v a_o new_a in_o his_o room_n consaluo_n be_v call_v home_o from_o naples_n by_o the_o king_n of_o arragon_n who_o be_v so_o jealous_a of_o he_o that_o he_o fear_v lest_o he_o shall_v abuse_v his_o authority_n and_o defeat_v he_o of_o the_o realm_n but_o if_o a_o governor_n be_v not_o too_o full_a of_o vice_n it_o be_v much_o better_a that_o he_o continue_v still_o for_o he_o shall_v learn_v how_o to_o behave_v himself_o towards_o the_o man_n of_o his_o province_n by_o acquaint_v himself_o long_a time_n with_o their_o humour_n and_o for_o his_o knowledge_n of_o the_o country_n he_o shall_v do_v goodly_a exploit_n than_o a_o new_a lieutenant_n can_v do_v beside_o that_o he_o shall_v be_v more_o love_v and_o regard_v of_o the_o soldier_n with_o who_o he_o shall_v have_v spend_v his_o young_a year_n chap._n iii_o of_o a_o lieutenant-generall_a and_o that_o there_o behove_v no_o mo_z but_o one_o to_o command_v a_o army_n forasmuch_o as_o a_o prince_n can_v be_v always_o with_o his_o army_n it_o behove_v he_o to_o choose_v some_o excellent_a captain_n to_o have_v the_o command_v thereof_o now_o it_o may_v be_v demand_v whether_o it_o be_v better_a to_o appoint_v two_o or_o three_o to_o that_o charge_n or_o to_o be_v content_v with_o
the_o assailant_n for_o when_o the_o assailant_n depart_v out_o of_o his_o country_n he_o leave_v garrison_n and_o man_n of_o war_n behind_o he_o to_o defend_v it_o against_o sudden_a trouble_n that_o may_v ensue_v of_o insurrection_n by_o absence_n of_o the_o prince_n or_o by_o some_o sudden_a invasion_n of_o some_o neighbour_n that_o will_v take_v he_o unprovided_a as_o james_n king_n of_o scot_n do_v to_o his_o own_o undo_n against_o the_o king_n of_o england_n at_o such_o time_n as_o he_o be_v pass_v to_o calais_n with_o a_o great_a force_n and_o be_v occupy_v about_o the_o siege_n of_o tirwin_n and_o turney_n so_o that_o no_o well_o advise_v prince_n set_v up_o all_o his_o rest_n upon_o the_o hazard_n of_o one_o battle_n but_o do_v ever_o reserve_v a_o store_n for_o afterclap_n and_o if_o a_o prince_n chance_n to_o be_v take_v prisoner_n in_o a_o foreign_a country_n he_o shall_v be_v discharge_v upon_o his_o ransom_n and_o upon_o such_o condition_n as_o the_o conqueror_n list_v to_o give_v he_o argument_n but_o if_o he_o be_v take_v in_o his_o own_o country_n it_o be_v hard_o but_o that_o diverse_a weak_a and_o il-furnished_n rowne_n will_v yield_v themselves_o to_o the_o conqueror_n upon_o report_n of_o his_o victory_n which_o town_n shall_v not_o be_v admit_v in_o account_n when_o they_o come_v to_o treat_v of_o peace_n and_o oftentimes_o fortune_n be_v so_o favourable_a to_o the_o vanquisher_n that_o after_o a_o victory_n he_o make_v himself_o lord_n of_o the_o whole_a realm_n and_o need_v not_o to_o make_v any_o other_o agreement_n with_o his_o prisoner_n than_o to_o grant_v or_o take_v away_o his_o life_n at_o his_o own_o pleasure_n adventurous_a it_o be_v common_o say_v that_o fortune_n further_v the_o adventurous_a and_o we_o see_v it_o so_o by_o experience_n ninâ—â—_n semiramis_n and_o alexander_n be_v fortunate_a in_o their_o conquest_n pyrrhus_n be_v fortunate_a in_o get_v but_o unfortunate_a in_o keep_v and_o they_o that_o go_v forth_o with_o that_o intent_n do_v seldom_o fail_v of_o their_o purpose_n charles_n the_o eight_o conquer_a naples_n in_o short_a time_n and_o bring_v back_o his_o army_n through_o the_o midst_n of_o italy_n pass_v upon_o the_o belly_n of_o his_o enemy_n edward_n king_n of_o england_n come_v into_o france_n with_o resolute_a purpose_n to_o conquer_v the_o realm_n give_v battle_n to_o philip_n of_o valois_n and_o overcome_v he_o both_o by_o sea_n and_o by_o land_n notwithstanding_o that_o philip_n of_o valois_n do_v what_o can_v be_v do_v by_o a_o well-aduised_n prince_n for_o he_o encounter_v he_o upon_o the_o sea_n afore_o he_o take_v land_n but_o it_o boot_v he_o not_o for_o god_n make_v fortune_n to_o turn_v against_o he_o in_o which_o case_n it_o be_v better_a to_o strike_v sail_n than_o to_o hazard_v a_o battle_n as_o charles_n the_o five_o can_v well_v skill_n to_o do_v be_v teach_v by_o the_o adversity_n of_o his_o grandfather_n and_o father_n william_n duke_n of_o normandy_n after_o one_o battle_n make_v himself_o sovereign_a lord_n of_o the_o realm_n of_o england_n be_v full_o resolve_v either_o to_o conquer_v or_o else_o to_o die_v i_o will_v not_o say_v therefore_o that_o a_o invader_n shall_v always_o be_v sure_a of_o victory_n for_o sometime_o it_o fall_v out_o clean_a contrary_n as_o it_o do_v with_o cyrus_n who_o be_v defeat_v by_o the_o massaget_n in_o their_o own_o country_n with_o the_o swisser_n who_o be_v discomfit_v in_o province_n by_o julius_n caesar_n with_o the_o sarzin_n which_o be_v discomfit_v by_o charles_n martell_n who_o cause_v euâ—o_fw-la duke_n of_o gascoigne_n to_o turn_v against_o they_o man_n to_o be_v short_a he_o that_o lose_v a_o field_n in_o a_o strange_a country_n lose_v but_o his_o man_n but_o he_o that_o lose_v it_o in_o his_o own_o country_n lose_v both_o man_n and_o good_n and_o see_v his_o land_n daily_o waste_v and_o his_o subject_n peel_v chap._n xi_o of_o the_o pitch_v of_o a_o campe._n now_o see_v it_o be_v so_o that_o in_o both_o sort_n of_o war_n aswell_o of_o assail_a as_o of_o defend_v man_n must_v be_v bring_v to_o march_v together_o either_o to_o receive_v or_o to_o follow_v the_o enemy_n we_o must_v needs_o speak_v of_o the_o seat_v of_o a_o camp_n as_o upon_o the_o which_o alone_o depend_v the_o win_n of_o the_o battle_n camp_n as_o pyrrâ—us_n show_v full_a well_o who_o in_o that_o point_n be_v esteem_v the_o excellent_a of_o all_o captain_n the_o camp_n that_o be_v well_o plant_v aught_o to_o be_v never_o a_o river_n that_o they_o may_v have_v the_o commodity_n of_o water_n which_o can_v be_v forbear_v and_o also_o for_o the_o fortify_v of_o themselves_o and_o for_o the_o do_v of_o their_o enterprise_n for_o a_o river_n do_v wonderful_o strengthen_v a_o camp_n because_o the_o enemy_n can_v pass_v it_o without_o danger_n but_o a_o captain_n must_v also_o be_v master_n of_o the_o river_n and_o not_o coop_v up_o himself_o between_o two_o river_n except_o he_o have_v mean_n to_o get_v out_o again_o at_o his_o pleasure_n lest_o it_o disappoint_v he_o of_o the_o commodity_n of_o victual_n and_o of_o succour_n as_o it_o befall_v to_o julius_n caesar_n in_o spain_n against_o affraenius_fw-la and_o petreius_n but_o that_o happen_v common_o by_o some_o extraordinary_a overflow_a whereof_o notwithstanding_o a_o man_n shall_v discharge_v himself_o so_o well_o wood_n that_o he_o shall_v overcome_v they_o afterward_o second_o wood_n serve_v for_o another_o fortification_n and_o yield_v mean_n of_o goodly_a enterprise_n three_o mountain_n give_v great_a advantage_n hill_n to_o they_o that_o be_v encamp_v in_o they_o for_o they_o that_o be_v fain_o to_o mount_v up_o to_o their_o assault_n be_v weary_v afore_o they_o come_v to_o handstrok_n contrariwise_o they_o that_o come_v downward_o go_v with_o the_o great_a force_n upon_o their_o enemy_n hannibal_n vanquish_v the_o roman_n at_o trebia_n by_o have_v his_o camp_n plant_v near_o to_o a_o wood_n he_o have_v lodge_v himself_o near_o a_o river_n and_o near_o thick_a copse_n full_a of_o brush_n wood_n and_o thorn_n take_v occasion_n to_o beguile_v the_o roman_n by_o that_o seat_v of_o his_o camp_n for_o when_o they_o shall_v come_v to_o encounter_v he_o he_o send_v his_o brother_n mago_n into_o that_o place_n overnight_o accompany_v with_o a_o thousand_o horseman_n and_o a_o thousand_o footman_n to_o lie_v in_o ambush_n there_o and_o the_o next_o morning_n he_o cause_v his_o light_a horseman_n of_o numidie_n to_o pass_v the_o river_n and_o to_o skirmish_v with_o the_o roman_n and_o to_o draw_v they_o into_o the_o stale_a the_o which_o thing_n be_v do_v so_o cunning_o that_o when_o the_o roman_n be_v in_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o fight_n they_o be_v assail_v behind_o by_o mago_n who_o lie_v in_o ambush_n there_o so_o as_o they_o can_v notwithstand_v the_o carthaginenses_n but_o be_v constrain_v to_o give_v back_o with_o great_a loss_n of_o their_o man_n aâ—uer_o as_o for_o to_o pass_v a_o river_n to_o assail_v the_o enemy_n the_o danger_n thereof_o be_v very_o great_a as_o appeareth_z in_o manlius_n who_o will_v needs_o pass_v a_o river_n that_o have_v but_o only_o one_o ford_n to_o pass_v at_o to_o encounter_v with_o asdrubal_n contrary_a to_o the_o advice_n of_o scipio_n who_o warn_v he_o of_o the_o peril_n wherinto_fw-it he_o do_v put_v himself_o nevertheless_o he_o pass_v the_o river_n and_o assail_v asdrubal_n who_o suffer_v the_o roman_n to_o do_v as_o they_o list_v without_o offer_v they_o battle_n until_o he_o see_v they_o encumber_v in_o pass_v the_o ford_n and_o then_o with_o all_o his_o force_n he_o set_v upon_o the_o tail_n of_o they_o and_o make_v so_o great_a a_o slaughter_n that_o all_o their_o army_n be_v at_o the_o point_n to_o have_v be_v discomfit_v have_v not_o scipio_n forecast_n be_v who_o make_v the_o enemy_n to_o recoil_v by_o the_o help_n of_o his_o man_n of_o arm_n timoleon_n see_v the_o army_n of_o the_o carthaginenses_n sore_o trouble_v and_o put_v out_o of_o order_n in_o pass_v a_o river_n with_o great_a peril_n and_o thereby_o deem_v that_o he_o may_v take_v they_o at_o advantage_n ere_o they_o be_v half_o pass_v show_v his_o man_n of_o war_n with_o his_o finger_n how_o the_o battle_n of_o his_o enemy_n be_v part_v in_o two_o half_n by_o the_o river_n the_o one_o half_a of_o they_o be_v on_o the_o one_o side_n and_o the_o other_o half_a on_o the_o other_o and_o command_v demaratus_n to_o take_v his_o horseman_n and_o to_o go_v and_o charge_n upon_o the_o foremost_a of_o they_o to_o keep_v they_o from_o range_v themselves_o in_o battelray_n and_o therewithal_o he_o cause_v his_o footman_n to_o go_v down_o into_o the_o plain_a by_o mean_n whereof_o together_o with_o a_o storm_n that_o fall_v sudden_o against_o the_o carthaginenses_n he_o get_v the_o battle_n as_o
mean_a between_o fearfulness_n and_o fooâ—_n hardiness_n for_o it_o represâ—eth_v fear_n and_o moderate_v boldness_n 〈…〉_o true_a it_o be_v that_o it_o be_v hard_a to_o restrain_v fear_n than_o to_o moderate_a boldness_n for_o to_o abide_v danger_n time_n and_o custom_n be_v requisite_a for_o the_o endure_a of_o the_o inconvenience_n but_o when_o a_o thing_n be_v to_o be_v adventure_v upon_o it_o be_v do_v upon_o the_o sudden_a and_o with_o a_o speediness_n the_o which_o be_v easy_a to_o be_v moderate_v than_o fear_n consist_v therefore_o the_o state_n of_o prowess_n consist_v chief_o in_o the_o contempt_n of_o grief_n and_o death_n and_o that_o man_n be_v count_v a_o man_n of_o noble_a courage_n which_o when_o a_o honest_a or_o honourable_a death_n be_v offer_v unto_o he_o be_v nothing_o afraid_a of_o it_o but_o for_o to_o put_v a_o man_n self_n in_o danger_n upon_o a_o brunt_n of_o sorrow_n or_o anger_n can_v as_o say_v aristotle_n be_v count_v valiantness_n fearfulness_n be_v the_o contrary_a to_o valiantness_n and_o a_o corruption_n of_o the_o lawful_a judgement_n fearfulness_n concern_v the_o thing_n that_o be_v to_o be_v fear_v or_o not_o fear_v or_o rather_o a_o ignorance_n of_o that_o which_o be_v to_o be_v fear_v or_o not_o fear_v aristotle_n say_v it_o be_v a_o vice_n of_o the_o courageous_a wherethrough_a a_o man_n tremble_v for_o fear_n of_o danger_n special_o of_o death_n believe_v that_o it_o be_v more_o commendable_a to_o save_v life_n by_o any_o manner_n of_o mean_n than_o to_o die_v honest_o and_o as_o say_v ecclesiasticus_fw-la like_a as_o chaff_n and_o dust_n in_o the_o air_n can_v stand_v against_o the_o force_n of_o wind_n so_o a_o cowardly_a heart_n in_o the_o conceit_n of_o a_o fool_n can_v stand_v against_o the_o violence_n of_o fear_n general_o we_o fear_v all_o that_o be_v evil_a for_o fear_n be_v a_o expectation_n of_o evil_a as_o of_o poverty_n sickness_n and_o such_o other_o thing_n whereof_o we_o be_v afraid_a because_o of_o their_o hurtfulness_n the_o bold_a man_n be_v clean_o contrary_a to_o the_o fearful_a for_o he_o be_v not_o afraid_a neither_o of_o death_n foolhardy_a nor_o any_o other_o thing_n he_o do_v not_o offer_v but_o rather_o cast_v himself_o headlong_o into_o danger_n afore_o danger_n come_v &_o ofttimes_o in_o danger_n he_o be_v lazy_a &_o repent_v he_o that_o he_o have_v cast_v himself_o into_o it_o but_o the_o man_n of_o prowess_n be_v cold_a afore_o he_o undertake_v but_o ready_a and_o sharp_a in_o do_v &_o undertake_v which_o thing_n thucydides_n declare_v sit_o and_o elegant_o in_o say_v thus_o this_o we_o have_v above_o all_o other_o that_o not_o only_o we_o be_v hardy_a but_o also_o we_o deliberate_v of_o the_o thing_n which_o we_o be_v to_o take_v in_o hand_n whereas_o other_o be_v bold_a through_o ignorance_n and_o lazy_a and_o slow_a to_o undertake_v by_o reason_n of_o their_o uncertain_a conâ—ultations_n but_o those_o man_n be_v above_o all_o other_o most_o excellent_a who_o have_v foreconsider_v both_o the_o good_a and_o the_o evil_a the_o pleasure_n and_o the_o displeasure_n do_v not_o for_o all_o that_o shrink_v away_o from_o danger_n on_o a_o time_n one_o praise_v in_o cato_n presence_n a_o rash-naâ—die_a man_n for_o a_o valiant_a man_n of_o war_n whereunto_o cato_n answer_v there_o be_v great_a odswhether_o a_o man_n make_v great_a account_n of_o virtue_n or_o none_o account_v at_o all_o of_o his_o life_n esteem_v those_o man_n to_o be_v of_o noble_a courage_n not_o which_o despise_v their_o life_n without_o purpose_n but_o rather_o which_o make_v so_o great_a account_n of_o virtue_n that_o in_o respect_n of_o that_o they_o pass_v not_o for_o life_n at_o what_o time_n epaminondas_n besiege_v sparta_n and_o be_v get_v by_o force_n into_o the_o town_n a_o certain_a lacedaemonian_a name_v isadas_n be_v not_o only_o unsurnish_v of_o armour_n to_o defend_v he_o but_o also_o of_o apparel_n come_v anoint_v all_o over_o his_o body_n with_o oil_n as_o one_o ready_a to_o wrestle_v and_o hold_v in_o the_o one_o hand_n his_o partisane_n and_o in_o his_o other_o a_o sword_n go_v and_o thrust_v himself_o into_o the_o press_n of_o they_o that_o seek_v lay_v about_o he_o and_o beat_v down_o all_o his_o enemy_n that_o he_o find_v afore_o he_o and_o yet_o be_v never_o wound_v himself_o lacedaemonian_n afterward_o the_o ephory_n give_v he_o a_o crown_n in_o honour_n of_o his_o prowess_n but_o they_o amerce_v he_o by_o &_o by_o at_o a_o fine_a of_o a_o hundred_o crown_n for_o be_v so_o rash_a as_o to_o hazard_v himself_o in_o the_o peril_n of_o battle_n without_o armour_n to_o defend_v he_o cicero_n in_o his_o duty_n say_v that_o we_o must_v not_o show_v ourselves_o cowardly_a for_o fear_n of_o danger_n and_o yet_o we_o must_v refrain_v from_o thrust_v ourselves_o into_o danger_n but_o if_o necessity_n require_v we_o must_v not_o make_v account_n of_o death_n and_o therefore_o when_o the_o lacedaemonian_n be_v afraid_a lest_o some_o hurt_n may_v befall_v they_o for_o refuse_v to_o take_v part_n with_o king_n philip_n dannudas_n say_v unto_o they_o you_o half_a man_n what_o harm_n can_v befall_v we_o which_o pass_v not_o for_o death_n according_a to_o some_o man_n there_o be_v seven_o sort_n of_o valiantness_n 〈…〉_o which_o we_o may_v rather_o term_v visor_n of_o valiantness_n for_o they_o have_v a_o resemblance_n of_o prowess_n but_o if_o you_o pluck_v off_o their_o mask_n you_o shall_v find_v they_o a_o other_o thing_n than_o they_o seem_v the_o first_o fort_n be_v term_v civil_a which_o be_v when_o a_o man_n hazard_v himself_o for_o the_o honour_n dishonour_n &_o penalty_n set_v down_o by_o the_o law_n unto_o such_o as_o mis-behave_a themselves_o in_o war_n 〈…〉_o or_o otherwise_o this_o forth_o have_v more_o likelihood_n than_o the_o rest_n because_o the_o fear_n of_o transgress_v the_o law_n be_v a_o certain_a kind_n of_o prowess_n and_o as_o plutarch_n say_v in_o the_o life_n of_o 〈◊〉_d it_o seem_v that_o the_o man_n of_o old_a time_n take_v 〈…〉_o not_o a_o urte_a privation_n of_o 〈…〉_o reproach_n and_o a_o dread_n of_o dishonour_n because_o that_o common_o they_o that_o be_v most_o afraid_a to_o transgress_v law_n be_v safe_a when_o they_o be_v to_o encounter_v with_o the_o enemy_n and_o they_o that_o stand_v not_o in_o fear_n to_o have_v any_o reproach_n be_v not_o careful_a to_o endure_v any_o adversity_n skill_n socrates_n say_v that_o prowess_n be_v a_o skill_n and_o that_o many_o be_v not_o noble-minded_a for_o want_v of_o know_v what_o it_o be_v for_o this_o cause_n law_n be_v very_o needful_a to_o set_v every_o man_n in_o his_o duty_n but_o they_o can_v make_v a_o coward_n hardy_a no_o more_o than_o the_o punish_n of_o lewd_a man_n by_o law_n can_v make_v all_o man_n good_a but_o they_o hold_v all_o man_n to_o their_o duty_n so_o as_o good_a man_n hate_v sin_n for_o virtue_n sake_n and_o evil_a man_n be_v wary_a to_o offend_v for_o fear_n of_o punishment_n but_o no_o whit_n do_v that_o change_n their_o disposition_n unto_o evil_n also_o the_o law_n may_v enforce_v a_o fearful_a man_n to_o a_o adventure_n but_o it_o discharge_v he_o not_o of_o his_o inclination_n and_o as_o there_o be_v some_o body_n strong_a than_o othersome_a so_o also_o be_v some_o mind_v strong_a by_o nature_n to_o endure_v casualty_n than_o othersome_a socrates_n another_o kind_n be_v call_v slavish_a which_o be_v when_o neither_o for_o honour_n nor_o for_o dishonour_n but_o for_o necessity_n sake_n a_o man_n become_v courageous_a for_o necessity_n make_v even_o coward_n courageous_a as_o say_v sallust_n or_o else_o for_o fear_n of_o punishment_n as_o when_o julian_n the_o emperor_n in_o a_o battle_n against_o the_o persian_n slay_v ten_o of_o the_o first_o that_o run_v away_o to_o restrain_v the_o rest_n from_o do_v the_o like_a for_o that_o punishment_n compel_v they_o to_o sight_n whether_o they_o will_v for_o no._n and_o william_n conqueror_n duke_n of_o normandy_n who_o cause_v his_o ship_n to_o be_v set_v on_o fire_n as_o soon_o as_o he_o be_v land_v in_o england_n to_o take_v from_o his_o people_n all_o other_o hope_n of_o safety_n than_o only_o in_o the_o sword_n for_o the_o great_a mean_n of_o safety_n be_v to_o be_v out_o of_o hope_n of_o safety_n not_o the_o three_o sort_n be_v call_v warlike_a which_o be_v when_o we_o see_v man_n of_o war_n that_o be_v expert_a in_o arm_n do_v deed_n that_o seem_v to_o be_v of_o hardiness_n to_o such_o as_o have_v not_o the_o experience_n and_o yet_o they_o fail_v not_o to_o retire_v when_o they_o see_v the_o danger_n and_o that_o also_o can_v be_v call_v valiantness_n no_o more_o than_o mariner_n can_v be_v call_v valiant_a moral_n for_o they_o be_v accustom_v to_o tempest_n do_v less_o fear_v they_o than_o do_v the_o man_n of_o great_a