Selected quad for the lemma: england_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
england_n	duke_n	john_n	lancaster_n	2,577	5	11.2818	5	false

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A29627	An historical account of Mr. Rogers's three years travels over England and Wales giving a true and exact description of all the chiefest cities, towns and corporations in England, Dominion of Wales, and town of Berwick upon Twede : together with the antiquities, and places of admiration, cathedrals, churches of note in any city, town or place in each county, the gentleman above-mentioned having made it his whole business (during the aforesaid time) to compleat the same in his travelling, : to which is annexed a new map of England and Wales, with the adjacent parts, containing all the cities and market towns bound in just before the title.	Brome, James, d. 1719.; D. J.	1694 (1694)	Wing B4857; ESTC R39940	65,229	160

I cannot omit the mentioning of a certain place near Derlington which is 3 Pits full of Water of a wonderful depth called by the common People Hell Kettles concerning which Sir Richard Baker in his English Chronicles gives this Account That in the 24th Year of King Henry the Second the Earth in this place lifted up it self in the manner of an high Tower and so remained from Morning till Evening unmoveable and presently after that time fell with so horrible a noise that it affrighted all the Inhabitants thereabouts and the Earth swallowing it up made those 3 deep Pits which are still to be seen The next place we took notice of was Northumberland The Ground appears to be very barren and rough and is Mountainous and Rocky in many parts of it Towards the Sea and Tine by diligence and good Husbandry it becometh fruitful but elswhere 't is hard and rugged By reason of the sharpness of the Air and coursness of the Soil the Inhabitants are lookt upon and esteem'd to be a War-like People and excellent Light-horsemen The Nobility and Gentry of the North are of great Antiquity and can produce more ancient Families than any other Part of England many of their Gentry taking date before the Conquest the rest came in with William the Conqueror NEW-CASTLE upon TINE so called because Robert de Curtois Son of William the Conqueror built there a New Castle out of the ground against the neighbouring Scots the very Eye of all the Towns in these Parts enabled by a notable Haven which Time maketh being of that depth that it beareth very tall Ships and so defendeth them that they can neither be easily tossed with Tempests nor driven upon Shallows and Shelves The Town is situated on the rising of an Hill adorned with four Churches and fortified with strong Walls which have 7 Gates in them with many Towers It is wealthy partly by entercourse of Traffick with the Germans and partly by carrying out Sea-coals wherewith this Place aboundeth both into foreign Countries and also into other parts of England BERWICK is the utmost Town in England and the strongest hold in all Britain It is well near compassed about with the Sea and Twede together Upon the West of Northumberland the Picct's Wall is to be seen of great height and almost whole There are about 46 Parishes in Northumberland Cumberland This County is like the rest of the Northern Counties and hath a sharp piercing Air the Soil is fertile for the most part both with Corn and Cattel and in some parts hereof with Fish and Fowl Here are likewise several Minerals which have of late been discovered not only Mines of Copper but Veins of Gold and Silver too have been found here as I was credibly inform'd and of all the Shires we have it is accounted the best furnished with the Roman Antiquities Nor it is no less renowned for its high Mountains than for its Mines of which there are three Skiddow Lanvellin and Casticand and these Words goes much concerning the height of them Skiddow Lanvellin and Casticand Are the highest Hills in all England CARLISLE is commodiously Situated and is fortified with a strong Wall Castle and Cittadel the Cathedral Church there being formerly a very stately and magnificence Structure adorned with rare Ornaments Not far from this City is a Trophy of Victory as is supposed called by the Country People Long-Megg and her Daughters being Seventy and seven Stones each of them Ten Foot high above-ground and one of them is fifteen foot There are in Cumberland 9 Market-Towns and 58 Parishes Westmorland It is so called because it lieth amongst Moors and high Hills and was for the most part unmanured such barren places the Northern Englishmen call Moors and Westmoreland is a Western Moorish-county The Air is sharp and cold KENDALE-KIRKE by Kendale a very great Town of Trade and Resort with two broad and long Streets crossing the one over the other a place excellent for Cloathing and for Industry so surpassing that in regard thereof it carrieth a great Name For the Inhabitants have great Traffick and vent of their Woollen-cloaths throughout all parts of England APELBY memorable for its Antiquity and Situation only It standeth in a pleasant Site encompassed for the most part with the River Eden for its Antiquity it deserves to be counted the chief Town of the Shire The Castle is the common Goal for Malefactors and the Sessions and Assizes are there kept In this Shire are contained 26 Parishes Lancashire It is a large populous and well wooded County The County Palatine of Lancaster famous for the four Henries the Fourth Fifth Sixth and Seventh Kings of England derived from John Gaunt Duke of Lancaster is upon the South-confined and parted by the River Mersey from the County Palatine of Chester the County of Darbyshire bordering upon the East the large County of Yorkshire together with Westmorland and Cumberland being her kind Neighbours upon the North and the Sea called Mare Hibernicum imbracing her upon the West Their Kine and Oxen have goodly Heads and fair spread Horns and are in body well proportionate withal but the Ground for the generality is Hilly and Mountainous MANCHESTER a Town of great antiquity from Main a British Word which signifieth a Stone It is seated upon a stony Hill and beneath the Town there are most famous Quarries of Stone It far excelleth the Towns lying round about it for the Beautiful shew it carrieth for resort unto it and for Cloathing In regard also of the Mercate place the fair Church and Colledge LANCASTER or Loncaster from the River Lone the chief Town of this Region I shall now give a short Account of the Seven Wonders which are as follows The First Wonder Is at the Divel's Arse near a Village called Castleton sufficiently Noted for that wide Subterraneons Cavarn known by the Name of the Devil's Arse which runs under the Hill upon which the Castle stands and at its Entrance it is Large and Capatious tho' the further you go in the more narrower it is Contracted within the Mouth of it are several poor Cottages Erected the top of this Cave is an exceeding great Height and appears to the Eye as if it were Arched above and Chequer'd with diversity of culloured Stones At the Entrance the poor People are very ready to attend with Candles and Lanthorns to conduct Strangers in tho' it belonged to Satan's Territories and it is very Dark and Slippery by reason of several Currants of Water which runs along the Cave which puts a stop to your Journey there is a Story of a Shepherd that past over all these Currents and at last came into a very fair and delightful Meadow which savours too much of a Romance to be credited however 't is supposed could all these Waters once be gone over there might be made some new Discoveries but it is a dismal place both for its Name and Nature and hath so near a Relation to

it were on the side of a little Hill with a small ascent towards the Market-place It is very well watered by a good River which runs along the one side of it and hath the Noble River of Thames which comes within a little distance on the other side It hath a Mayor for its chief Magistrate and it is famous for a very great Market once a Week for all Sorts of Grain We stayed here but one Night having a design to take a farther view of this County by Wallingford and so to ABBINGTON This is a fair Town in this County the River Isis after it hath winded it self a long way about in a crooked Channel makes its approach to this Town It is a large and populous Place and receives its Denomination from a famous Abby which was here erected although this Monastery did for some Years flourish exceedingly yet it was afterwards Subverted by the fury of the Danes but through the Bounties and Munificence of King Edgar was restored again to its Primitive Splendor and Greatness and by the Industry and Care of the Norman Abbots it grew to that pitch of Grandeur and so exceeding Rich and Wealthy that it began to have an Esteem of it self beyond all Comparison and indeed the Ruins too be-speak it to have been a very glorious Structure As for the Town though it had its chief Dependance from this Abby yet from the Year 1430 that one John Surnamed St. Helena built a strong Bridge of Stone over its River and so made a Through-fair and High Road through the Town it began to be populous and much frequented and ever since hath been most deservedly reputed the eminent principle Town in this County The Inhabitants are great Maulsters and Barly is the great Commodity of the Market The Magistrates by their Vigilancy and Care do keep up this Corporation in great Honour and Request and the Mayor and Aldermen are very Circumspect in the discharge of their Offices and for the more great and weighty Matters which are above their Sphere the Judges when they come their Circuit and keep the Assizes here for the County do ease them of that trouble by giving a final Determination of all FARRINGDON was the next Town of Note we went to in this County which though it be situated upon a stony Soil yet 't is now as famous for its great Market as it was once Renowned for its Impregnable Fortress which Robert Earl of Gloucester built here against King Stephen which the King though with the loss of a great number of Soldiers at last by his continual Assaults and Batteries took and utterly demolished But one thing is to be observed in this County That it is very pleasant and fertile watered with the River Isis adorned with woody Hills and thick Groves and in its Eastern parts thereof with fertile Valleys and in the Western part being called The Vale of White Horse is extreamly delightful and Nature compensates the Barrenness of the Soil in one place by her manifold Gifts she bestows upon it in another NEWBURY was the next place we went to 'T is a Town of very good Note and of a considerable largeness governed by a Mayor and Aldermen and hath a very commodious Market-house which is not much inferior to any in the County The Town is situated in a pleasant Valley and watered by a very good River called Newbury River which runs through one part of the Town near the Market-house and in the other part of it is a very find Rivelet which runs from one end of the Town to the other and is mighty necessary for all the Inhabitants We made no long stay here but went to Marlborough in Wiltshire of which hereafter Wiltshire MARLBOROUGH is a Town of an indifferent largeness and is Ruled by a Mayor and Aldermen The Buildings of this Town and the Market-place are not much inferior to any Town in England but that which is most remarkable and to be admired at is a Mount belonging to the Duke of Summerset the like is not in England The Mount it self is made round with a Quick-set Hedge which is all entire and goes several times round about the Mount rising with a very small Ascent till it comes up to the top within this Hedge is a very plain Path or Walk and the ground seems to be so even that you cannot well perceive the rise of it till you are at the top which is of a very great height and of a large circumference but yet as you go down you may easily perceive the ground fall much The Gardner there told us That it is a Mile from the bottom up to the top and go the Path-way which leads up to it On the top of the Mount is a very fine level piece of Ground planted with several sorts of Fruit-Trees there stands likewise on the top a very large leaden Cestern of about 12 foot square and 4 foot deep and is replenished with Water by a leaden Pipe which comes from a Spring along the Path that leads up to the top On the one side of this Mount is a very commodious Wilderness and on the other a fine Garden in a word this Mount is the most to be admired and must have the Respect of all Travellers to be the greatest piece of Artificial Workmanship in our own Nation We stayed here but one Night and went to take a farther View of this County in which there are many things very observable About two Miles out of this Town is a great Down called Marlborough Downs where there is an exceeding Curiosity of Nature's workmanship it is a huge number of Massy Stones they are called by the Name of The Grey Wethers and shew to your sight at a distance like a great number of Sheep and some of them higher but for the great number of them and containing such a vast distance of Land to be all in one and the like posture It is a large Plain or Valley between two Hills where they stand and is in breadth almost a Mile and about six Miles in length as we were informed undoubtedly it hath as much need to be mentioned as any thing in the Kingdom Having made some Observations here we went to take some account of Stonehenge in this County of which I shall give you a short Relation STONEHENGE This place contains in it within the circumference of three Hundred foot a rude and indigested Mass of vast large Stones rough and of a grey colour 25 Foot in length 10 in breadth and 8 in thickness they look as if they were hewen square and are joined two and two together and every couple hath a third Stone lying a-cross which is fastened by Tennants that enter into Mortesses not closed with any Morter It appears as if they had been set in three Ranks going round as Circles one within another whereof the uttermost and largest is in compass about 300 Foot but the other Ranks are decayed and