like feigned Names and Placeâ— EUROPE with its Kingdoms Isles c. may be considered in three times three parts and then The three most Southern parts are SPAIN with its Kingdoms or Principalities viz. Castile Madrid Leon Leon Navarr Pampelona Bisâ—ay Bilboa Asturie Oviedo Gallicia St. Jago de Compoâ—â— Portugal Lisbon Algarve Pharo Andaloufia Sevill Granada Granada Muâ—cia Murcia Aâ—â—agon Caragosa Valencia Valencia Catalonia Barcelona the Isles of Baleares Majorca ITALY with Its several Estates and Principalities the Chief of which are Piedmont Turin Millain Millain Genoua Genoua Parma Parma Mantua and Modena Mantua Venice Venice Toscany Florence Estare of the Church Rome Naples Naples Isle of Sicily Messina Isle of Sardiny Calari Isle of Corsica Bastia TURKEY in EUROPE with its several Estates the Chief of which are those of Bosnie Jaycza Servie Belgrad Bulgarie Sophia Romania Constantinople Macedonia Salonichi Thessalie Armicho Epire Perveza Achaia Selines Pelopornesus Petras Dalmacie Rhagusa Sclavonia Posega Illyris Zatha Croatia Sisseg Together with several Isles as they lie in the Aegean or Grecian Seas as Negroponte Creâ—e the Isles of Cyclades c. Ionian Seas as Zant Zeffalonia Corfu c. Aâ—riatick Seas as Zara Lesina Curzola Lissa c. The three Innermost parts and within the Continent are FRANCE with its twelve Governments or General Estates viz. Picardy Amiens Normandy Roen or Roven Isle of France Paris Champâ—gne Troys Brelagne Nantes Orlenois c. Orleans Bourgogne Dijon Lyonnois c. Lyon Guyenne and Gascogne Bourdeaux Languedoc Toulouse Provence Marseille Dauphin Grenoble The several Estates which lie between France the Catholick Low Countrey Anvers Lorrain Metz the French County Besansons Savoy Cambery Germany the Low Countreys or the United Provinces Amsterdam Rotterdam the Swisses Basle the Grisons Coire GERMANY with its several Estates and Principalities the chief of which are On this side the Rhine Strasbourg Beyond the Rhine Cologne Westphalia Munster Franconia Noremberg Sovabe Ansbourg Bavaria Munchen Austria Vienna Bohemia Prague Higher Saxony Dresden Brandenbourg Berlin Pomerania Stetin Lower Saxony Hamburgh POLAND with its several Estates the chief of which are Polonia Cracow Prussie Dantzick Mazovie Warzaw Lithuania Wilna Volhynia Kyovia Podolia Kamieniec Russia Nigra Loewenberg And some Estates or Principalities towards the Danube and Black-Sea as Hungaria Buda Transylvania Hermenstat Valaquie Targovisko Moldavia Soczowa Little Tartaria Nigropoli The three most Northern parts Kingdoms and Isles are SCANDINAVIA where are the Kingdoms and Estates of Danemark Danemark Capenhagven Norway Trondhem Sweden Gothland Calmar Sweden Stockholm Finland Abo Livonie Riga MOSCOVIA with its several Kingdoms Dutches and Provinces the chief of which are Moscovy Mosco Wolomodire Wolodomer Dwine St. Michael Archaâ— Cazan Kingdom Cazan Astracan Kingdom Astracan The ISLES of GREAT BRITAIN where are the Kingdoms of England London Scotland Edinburgh Ireland Dublin To the high and Mighty Prince James Duke of Yorke Albury Marquesse of Ormond Earle of Ross of Arismanoch L d High Admirall of England Kt of the most noble order of the Garter sole Brother Privi Councellor to his most Sacrid Ma.ty K Charlas the 2d this Mapp is humbly Dedicated by Rich Blome A MAPP of EUROPE Designed by Mounsieur Sanson Geographer to the French King and Rendred into English and Illustrated by Ric Blome By his Majets Espesiall Command London Printed for Rich Blome it EUROPE EVROPE is one of the three parts of our Continent of which Asia makes the most Eastern Africa the most Southern and Europe in regard of them is between North and West Its Bounds It is for the most part bounded by the Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea that which we call the Septentrional or Frozen Ocean on the North and the Occidental or Atlantick Ocean on the West The Mediterranean Sea which is but an Arm of the Ocean lies on its South and separates it from Africa but from Asia it is separated towards the East by divers Seas which fall into the Mediterranean by several Streights between these Seas to wit the Archipelago the Sea of Marmara the Black Sea and the Sea of Zabaque Between the Archipelago and the Marmara is the Streight of Gallipoli or the Dardanelles of old Hellespontus between the Marmara and the Black Sea is the Streight of Constantinople or the Channel of the Black Sea and between the Black Sea and the Sea of Zabaque is the Streight of Caffa or Vospero Then the Rivers of Don Wolga and Oby compleat the division of Europe from Asia by drawing a line from the one to the other Scituation The scituation of Europe is between the 35 and 72 degrees of Latitude and between the 10 and 100 of Longitude though it fill not all this space and it is almost all in the Temperate Zone no part in the Torrid but some under or near the Frozen Zone But the Ocean together with the divers Seas which encompass and divide the parts of Europe have given so great an advantage to its People that they are long since become the most expert in the World in Navigation all Arts and Sciences and in Arms and Military Discipline It s Division We will consider Europe in Nine or three times three principal parts And of these the first three shall be Spain Italy and the Estates of Turkey in Europe and these possess the Southern part of Europe the second three parts shall be France Germany and Poland and these take up the middle part of Europe and the third shall be Scandinavia where are the Estates of Denmark and Sweden Russia Alba or Muscovia and the Isles of Great Britain and Ireland and these are most Northward As to the several small Isles I shall comprehend them under one and the other of these 3 parts and that according to their scituation or vicinity unto them Besides these 9 parts there will remain some Estates and Lands between France Germany and Italy likewise between Germany Poland Turkey and Moscovia and some in Turkey which shall be described as occasion presents The Languages or Speeches But before we proceed to the Parts let us consider that there are 3 principal Tongues and as many principal Religions in Europe viz. the Latin which extends it self into Italy France and Spain though in divers Idioms the Teutonick into Germany the British Isles and Scandinavia the Sclavenian into Poland Moscovy in good part of Turkey Bohemia c. though still in several Idioms and Dialects The other Tongues are much less general as the Greek Albanian Hungarian and the Tartaresque in the Eastern parts and lastly the Basque Welsh Irish and Laplandish in the most Western and Northern parts Religions The Religions are the Protestant which hath spread it self where the Teutonick Tongue is spoken the Roman Catholick is almost every where with the Latin Schism alone and every where amongst the People speaking Sclavonian and Greek the Mahumetan Religion is among the Natural Turks of Europe But to proceed to its Parts SPAIN
for Woolen-Cloth In this City there hath been observed to be 777 Brewers 40 Bakers one Lawyer and one Physitian the reason of this great disproportion as one wittily observed was that a Cup of Nimis is the best Vomiting potion and their Controversies were sooner composed over a Pot of Drink than by order of Law 3. Stoad commodiously seated for Traffick on the Elve about five miles distance from Hambourg once a place of a better Trade than now it is These Cities are called Free from their great Prerogatives in coyning Money and ruling by their own Laws and Imperial as knowing no Lord or Protector but the Emperour to whom they pay two Thirds of such Contributions as are assessed in the Assemblies Germany is a spacious Country and very populous the People are of a strong Constitution and good Complexion are very ingenious and stout much given to drink but of a generous disposition the Poorer sort great Pains-takers and the Nobles which are many for the Title of the Father descends to all their Children are either good Scholars or stout Souldiers so that a Son of a Duke is a Duke a thing which the Italians hold so vain and foolish that in derision they say That the Dukes and Earls of Germany the Dons of Spain the Nobility of Hungaria the Bishops of Italy the Lairds of Scotland the Monsieurs of France and the younger Brethren of England make a poor Company There are so many inferiour yet free Princes in this Country that in a days Journey a Traveller may meet with many Laws and as many sorts of Coin every Prince making use of his own Laws and Coins whose Laws the Emperours are sworn to keep which made one say that the Emperour is King of Kings the King of Spain King of Men and the King of France King of Asses as bearing his heavy Taxes The fertility and Commoditles of Germany The Country is generally fertil and temperate being scituate under the Temperate Zone Here are many Mines of Silver and other Inferiour Mettals it hath store of Corn and Wine which they transport to forreign Countries as likewise Linnen Laces Woollen and divers Manufactures also Quicksilver Alom Arms of all sorts and other Iron-works and its Ponds Lakes and Rivers are well stored with Fish It s chief Rivers The chief Rivers of Germany are the Rhine the Weser the Elbe and the Oder for the Danube having but a small course in this Country shall be elsewhere spoken of The Commodities and Trade of Belgium That part which we call BELGIVM or the Low Countries is of a large extent seated in the North Temperate Zone under the 8 and 9th Climates the longest day being 17 hours the Air by reason of the industry of the Inhabitants in draining the Marishes and turning the standing-Waters into running-Streams is now very healthful as being purged from those gross Vapours which did thence arise the Country lieth exceeding low and therefore subject to Inundations The Commodities that these Countries yield are Linnens Yarn Thread Sayes Silks Velvets Tapestries Pictures Prints Blades Sope Butter Cheese Fish Pots Bottles Ropes Cables Armour several Manufactures c. besides the Commodities of India Persia China Turkey and other parts which are here had in great plenty by reason of the vast Trade they drive in all parts The Estates of the Crown of POLAND are POLAND under the name of which is comprized The Kingdom of POLAND as it is divided into the Higher or Little POLAND where are the Palatinates of Cracou with its Castlewicks of Cracou Vounicz Sandecz Biecz Sandomirie with its Castlewicks of Sandomitz Vislicz Radom Zawichost Zaroâ—w Malogocz Czeschow Lublin with its Castle Lublin Lower or Great POLAND where are the Palatinates of Posna where are the Castlewicks of Posna Meseritz Ragozno Sremck Brzesti Crimn Sandock Kalisch with its Castlewicks of Kalisch Kamin Gnesna Landa Nackel Biechow Sirad with its Castlewicks of Sirad Wielâ—n Rozpirz Lencini with its Castlewicks of Lencici Bressini Inowlocz Dobrzin with its Castlewicks of Dobizin Rippin Stouck Ploczk with its Castlewicks of Ploczk Rasuntz Sceps Rava with its Castlewicks of Rava Sochaczow Gostiny Cowal Divers Dutchies with their Castlewicks to wit RUSSIA NOIRE which is esteemed in the Higher Poland where are the Palatinates of Leowenborg or Leopolis with its Castlewicks of Leowenborg Halicz Drzemist Zamoscie Belz with its Castlewicks of Beln Chelm CUJAVIA which is esteemed in the Lower Poland where are the Palatinates of Brzesti with its Castlewicks of Brzesti Krusnick Cowal Uladislau with its Castlewicks of Uladislau Bidgost MAZOVIA also esteemed in the Lower Poland where are the Palatinates of Czersk with its Castlewicks of Warzaw Liw Czersk Wissegrod Zakrotzim Ciechanow Wilna PRUSSIA or PRUSSE as it is divided in POLAQUIE PRUSSIA ROYALE where are the Palatinates of Dantzick with its Castlewicks of Dantzick Elbing with its Castlewicks of Elbing Marienburg with its Castlewicks of Marienburg Culm with its Castlewicks of Culm PRUSSIA DUCALE with its Palatinate and Castlewick of Koningsberg with its Palatinate of Bielsk with its Castlewick of Bielsk And divers other Estates Dutchies c. united or subject to the Crown of POLAND viz. Dutchy of LITHUANIA under the name of which are comprised LITHUANIA where are the Palatinates of Wilna with its Castlewicks of Wilna Osmiana Wilkomirs Braslaw with its Castlewicks Braslaw Misdzial Troki with its Castlewicks Troki Kowno Grodno Lida Minsk with its Castlewicks of Minsk Borissow Robaczow Rzeczica Mary Minsk with its Castlewicks of Mscislnw Mohilow Orssa Novogrodeck with its Castlewicks of Novogrodeck Slonim Woskowiska Polosczk with its Castlew of Polosczk Vitepsk with its Castlew of Vitepsk POLESIE where is Breâ—siici with its Castlew of Bressici SAMOGITIE with its Palatinate and Castlewick of Rosienie Dutchy of VOLHYNIE as it is divided in the Higher VOLHYNIE with its Palarinate of Lusuc with its Castlewicks of Lusuc Wolodomiers Krzemienec Lower VOLHYNIE with its Palatinate of Kiovia with its Castlewicks of Kiovia Owrucze Zitomirz PODOLIE with its Palat. of the Higher PODOLIE as Kamieniec with its Castlew of Kamieniec Lower PODOLIE as Braclaw with its Castlewick of Braclaw Part of MOSCOVIA where are The Dutchies of Smolensko with its Castlew of Smolensko Novogrodeck with its Cast of Novogrodeck POLAND Poland and its parts THE Estates of the Crown of Poland ought to be considered in two sorts the one called the Estates of POLAND and the other of LITHVANIA these two having heretofore had their Kings and Dukes apart and not having been united till within about 270 years The Estates of Poland shall be Poland which we will divide into the Higher and Lower or Lesser and Greater and into the Dutchies of Russia Noire Cajavia Mazovia and Prussia The Estates of Lithuania may be divided into Lithuania Volhinia Podolia c. all Dutchies but Lithuania much the greater wherefore he who possesseth them is entituled the Great Duke of Lithuania It s extent All these Estates of Poland and Lithuania taken
Fowl called the Soland-Geese which in many places are taken in very great plenty and are sound very profitable to the Inhabitants not only for their Flesh to eat but for their Feathers and Oil. Their chief Commodities are Course Cloths Freezes Lead-Oar Feathers Sea-Coal Alum Iron Salt Salt-Peter Linnen-Cloth Train-Oil Hops Wood Alablaster some Hides and Tallow c. To the R t Noble Iames Duke of Monmouth Buckleuch Earle of Doncaster Dalkeith Baron of Kendale Miâ—ekeâ—â— Ashdale Kt. of the Garter one of his Majs most honble prvy Councell This Mapp is most humbly dedicatâ—â— by Ric Blome A MAPP of the Kingdome of SCOTLAND By Ric Blome by His Majys comand Its Inhabitants The Inhabitants especially those Southernly are of a good feature strong of body very hardy couragious and fit for Martial affairs and their Nobility and Gentry which are of several degrees as Dukes Marquesses Earls Viscounts Barons Knights Esquires and Gentlemen are generally very ingenuous and accomplished men in all civil knowledge Nobility and Gentry of Scotland Their Sessions of Parliament This Kingdom like unto England consisteth of a King Nobility Gentry and Commons and these with the Lords Spiritual assemble together in Parliament as often as they are called together by Writ from the King And by reason of his Majesties residence in England so that he is not here at their Sessions of Parliament he constituteth and sendeth one to act as his Vice-Roy who is commonly called Lord Commissioner and such at present is the Right Noble John Duke of Lotherdale c. Things worthy of note Amongst the things worthy of note in this Kingdom for Antiquity famous was that Fortification drawn from Abercorne upon Edenborough Frith unto Alcluyd now called Dunbritton opening upon the West Sea where as Speed noteth Julius Agricola set the limits of the Roman Empire past which according to Tacitus there were no other bounds of Britain to be sought for And here the second Legion of Augusta and the twentieth of Victrix built a part of the Wall as also an ancient coped Monument of an high and round compass which according to the opinions of some was a Temple consecrated to the God Terminus but others there be that will have it to be a Trophy raised by Carausius who fortified this Wall with seven Castles Caledonian Wood. Here began that Wood Caledonia which name Tacitus attributeth to all that Tract of ground which lieth Northward beyond Grahames Dike or the Wall of Antonius Pius which Ptolomy divideth into several Nations as the Caledonii Vacomagi Epidii c. who are all known to the Romans by the general name of the Picts from their painting themselves This Wood or Forrest was very spacious and over-shadowed with Thickets and tall over-spreading Trees which rendred it impassable and was divided by Grampe-Hill now calâ—ed Grantzbain that is the crooked bending Mountain Solinus is of opinion that Vlysses was in Caledonia and to confirm his belief therein he saith there was a Votive Altar with an Inscription in Greek Letters Plutarch â—aith that Bears were brought out of Britain to Rome but for more truth 〈◊〉 may be said that here were bred the wild white Bulls a Beast of nature â—erce and cruel whose thick and curled manes resembled the Lions In the â—ays of Severus Argetecox a petty Prince reigned over this Tract of Ground â—hose Wife being reproachfully called by Julia the Empress an Adulteress â—oldly made this Answer We British Dames have to do with the best of men Cámbden p. 32. â—â—t you Roman Ladies secretly commit the same with every base and lewd Companion Two famous Loughs In this Kingdom are two famous Loughs Nessa and Lomund the former never Friezeth though in the extreamest cold weather and the waters of the â—atter most raging in the calmest and fairest weather and herein is an Island that the Wind forceth or moveth to and fro In the Rivers Dee and Done besides the great abundance of Salmons is taken a Shell-fish called the Horse-muskle wherein Pearls are engendred which are very good in many Physical Medicines and some of them not much inferiour to the Oriental Pearl Courts of Judicature Court of Parliament As to their Courts of Judicature they are peculiar to themselves and are several The chief amongst which is the High Court of Parliament consisting of Lords and Commons hath the same Authority as that of England and is also summoned by Writ from his Majesty at his pleasure as occasion requireth Colledge of Justice The second Court is the Sessions or Colledge of Justice consisting of a President 14 Senators 7 of the Clergy and as many of the Laity unto whom was afterwards adjoyned the Chancellor who is the chief and 5 other Senators besides 3 principal Scribes or Clerks and as many Advocates as the Senators see convenient And this was thus constituted by King James the Fifth in Anno 1532 after the form of the Parliament at Paris These sit and administer Justice with equity and reason and not according to the rigour of the Law every day except Sundays and Mondays from the first of Novemb. to the 15 of March and from Trinity Sunday to the first Calends of August and all the time between as being either Seed-time or Harvest is vacation They give judgment according to the Parliament Statutes and Municipal Laws and where they are defective they have recourse to the Imperial Civil Law Other Courts There are likewise in every Shire or County inferiour Civil Judicatories or Courts kept wherein the Sheriff of the Shire or his Deputy decideth the Controversies and Law-suits of the Inhabitants from which there are oft-times Appeals to the Sessions or Colledge of Justice And these Sheriffs are for the most part Hereditary Besides these Courts there are other Judicatories which they call Commissariots the highest whereof is kept at Edenburgh and these have to do with Ecclesiastical affairs as Wills and Testaments Divorcements Tithes c. In criminal Causes the Kings Chief Justice holdeth his Court at Edenburgh Likewise the Sheriffs in their Territories and the Magistrates in some Boroughs may sit in Judgment of Manslaughter in case the Manslayer be taken within 24 hours after the fact committed and being found guilty by a Jury may be put to death but if the said limited time is past the matter is referred and put over to the Kings Justice or his Deputies There are also Civil Courts in every Regality holden by their Bailiffs Ecclesiastical Government This Kingdom as to Ecclesiastical Government is divided into two Archbishopricks viz. of St. Andrews the Primate of Scotland and of Glasco and under these are several Suffragan-Bishops viz. under him of St. Andrews those of Dunkeld Aberdon Murray Dunblan Berohiu Ross Cathanes and Orkney And under him of Glasco those of Galloway Argile or Lismore and the Isles Ancient Inhabitants of Scotland The ancient People of this Kingdom were 1.
grains fruits c. if its Inhabitants would give it tillage South of Canada are New England New York Maryland Virginia and Caroline of which in Order New England described NEW ENGLAND North of Maryland according to the report of Captain Smith hath seventy miles of Sea Coast where are found divers good Havens some of which are capable to harbour about five hundred sail of Ships from the fury of the Sea and winds by reason of the interposition of so great a quantity of small Isles which lie about the Coast to the number of about two hundred And although it be seated in the midst of the Temperate Zone yet the Climate is more uncertain as to heat and cold than those European Kingdoms which lie parallel to it Yet the Air is found very healthful and agreeable to the English which hath occasioned the settlement of divers Potent Colonies here who live very happily and drive a considerable Trade for their provisions to our American Plantations especially to the Barbados This Country is Inhabited by divers sorts of people the chief amongst which are the Bessabees about the River Renobscot and the Massachusetes a great Nation The Native Inhabitants and every one are governed by their particular Kings and do much differ in Customs and Manners from one another as they do in the other parts of America living generally at variance with each other Their chiefest riches is in their Furrs and Skins which they sell to the English in truck for Commodities they are for the most part ingenious well disposed and with little pains would be brought to Christianity This Country is for the generality of a fertil soil is well watered with Rivers hath plenty of Fish as Cod Thornback Sturgion Their Fish Porpuses Haddock Salmons Mullets Herrings Mackeril Plaice Oysters Lobsters Crab-fish Tortoise Cockles Muscles Clams Smelts Eels Lamprons Drums Alewives Basses Hollibuts Sharks Seals Grampus Whales c. Here are great variety of Fowl as Phesants Partridges Pigeons Heathcocks Fowls Oxeyes Geese Turkeys Ducks Teal Herns Cranes Cormorants Swans Brants Widgeans Sheldrakes Snipes Doppers Blackbirds Loon Humbird with divers others too tedious to name They have also great plenty of Beasts both tame and wild as Cows Sheep Goats Swine and Horses Beasts and for wild Lyons Bears Wolves Foxes Martins Rackoons Mooses Musquasus Otters Bevers Deer Hares Coneys c. Amongst the hurtful things the Rattlesnake is the most dangerous and here are several sorts of stinging Flies which are very troublesom to the Inhabitants Trees Here are sundry sorts of trees as the Oak Cyprus Pine Cedar Chesnut Walnut Firr Ash Elm Asp Alder Maple Birch Sassafras Sumach c. also several Fruit-trees as Pomgranates Maracocks Puchamins Olives Apples Pears Plumbs Cherries Grapes Fruits with those common in England And their ground also produceth Potatoes Carrots Turrips Parsnips Onyons Cabbages with most of the Roots and Herbs found in England The soil being very agreeable for them But the fruits are not found here so good as in Virginia nor in Virginia as in Caroline as lying more Southwards and having the greater influence of the Sun This Country affordeth several rich Furrs hath Iron Amber Pitch Tarr Masts Flax Linnen Cables Its Commodities and Grains in great plenty The English which now Inhabit this Country are very numerous and powerful having a great many Towns several of which are of considerable account and are governed by Laws appropriate to themselves and have their Courts of Judicature and assembling together each Town having two Burgesses for the looking after the affairs of the Colony Government And as to matters of Religion and Church Government they are very strickt and make a great show being much of the stamp of the ridged Presbyterians Amongst their Towns these are of chief note 1. Boston commodiously seated for Traffick on the Sea Shore It s chief Towns at present a very large and spacious Town or rather a City being composed of several well ordered streets and graced with fair and beautiful houses which are well inhabited by Merchants and Tradesmen who drive a very considerable Trade It is a place of great strength having two or three hills adjoyning on which are raised Fortifications with great Pieces mounted thereon which are well guarded 2. Charles Town seated on and between the Rivers Charles and Mistick it is beautified with a large and well built Church and near the River-side is the Market place from which runs two streets in which are divers well built houses 3. Dorchester an indifferent Town seated near the Sea 4. Cambridge commodiously seated on a River doth consist of several streets and is beautified with two Colledges and hath divers fair and well built houses 5. Reading commodiously seated about a great Pond and well Inhabited 6. St. Georges Fort seated on the mouth of the River Sagadebock 7. New Plymouth seated on the large Bay of Potuxed With divers other Towns of some account most of which bear the Names from those of England but amongst the Indians are known by other names New York described NEW-YORK formerly New Netherland is seated betwixt New England and Virginia It is now called New York from his Royal Highness the Duke of York the Proprietor thereof by grant from his Majesty It is a Country of a fertile soil is well watered with Rivers and is found to produce the same Beasts Birds Fowls Fish Fruits Trees Commodities c. and in as great plenty as New England so they need not be taken notice of here This Country is also possessed by sundry sorts of people not much unlike those of New England and are very expert at their Bow and Arrows which is their chief weapon of War are found to be of a ready wit and very apt to learn what is taught them in their Religious Rites divers ceremonies are observed amongst them It s Native Inhabitants and are said to worship the Devil whom they much fear their Priests being little better than Sorcerers who strangely bewitch those silly people When any woman findeth her self quick with child she keepeth her self chast from man until her delivery the like she observeth in the time of her giving suck a strange Custom which our European Dames would not well relish upon the least offence the man turneth away his wife and marrieth again and the Children begotten by her she keepeth Furnication is here permitted they are very dutiful to their Kings they believe the transmigration of the soul and concerning the Creation of the world have strange foolish opinions They are much addicted to sports recreations and dancings and observe Festival times Their habit is but mean as the rest of the Indians yet do they paint and besmear their faces with several colours which they hold Ornamental their dyet and habitations are also mean Here is one very considerable Town now called New York being well seated both for security trade and pleasure in a small
him to instruct the Child to have a devotion to his Saint Ecclesiastical Government Their Ecclesiastical Government consists of a Patriarch which is the Head of the Church and as it were Pope who hath under him several Metropolitans Archbishops Bishops Arch-Deacons Proto-Popes and Priests The Grand Duke of Moscovy is absolute Lord both of the Lives and Estates of his Subjects whom he treats little better than Slaves his chiefest aim being for what he can get more than the good and welfare of his People being not subject to Laws but makes what seemeth good unto him which though never so tyrannical are strictly obeyed yet he will seem to take advice of his Knez and Bojares who are as his Privy Council His Revenues and Riches cannot but be great from the several ways from which he raiseth it as by Illegal Taxes Customes his Lands and what he taketh from his Subjects at pleasure He is apparelled like a King and a Bishop wearing with the Royal Robes a Miter and a Crosiers-Staff and observeth a great deal of state and grandure The Estates of MOSCOVY comprehend 3 Kingdoms about 30 Dutchies or Provinces and about 20 People or Nations who live by hoords or Communalties all which I have taken notice of in the Geographical Table of Moscovy The Country is not so populous as spacious nor very well frequented by Strangers so that I cannot give so good account thereof as otherwise I would of which in order Province of Dwina DWINA a Province of a large extent but very barren hath for its chief places Dwina seated on the River so called which falls into the Northern Ocean and on the Mouth of the said River on the Sea-shoar is seated the City of St. Michael commonly called Arch-Angel a place of note for its great Trade and much resorted unto by the English PLESKOW Pleskow a large Province whose chief place is so called being large and fain and the only walled City in the Empire a place of great strength very populous and dignified with an Episcopal See NOVOGRODECK Novogrodeck very Northernly seated a Province also of a large extent whose chief place is so called seated on the River Naf dignified with and Episcopal See a City which for fairness and largness might once compare with any in Russia being formerly one of the Mart-Towns of Europe which is now removed to St. Nicholas a Port-Town more convenient for the Moscovian Trade CARGAPOL WOLOGDA and BIELEZERO whose chief places bear their names are Provinces of this Dukedom Province of Moscovia MOSCOVIA is one of the largest Provinces in all Russia and seated in the midst of this large Estate so called from Mosco its Metropolitan City seated on a River so called dignified with the Imperial Seat as also with the See of the Patriarch This City before its firing by the Tartars was 9 or 10 miles in circuit but now not above half the compass it is very populous and hath for Divine worship 16 Churches of which about half are made of Wood and Dirt as are most of the Houses The Palace of the Great Duke is seated in the heart of the City a large Structure well fortified with 17 Turrets and 3 great Bulwarks which are always guarded with about 25000 Souldiers which with two Castles seated in the outward parts of this City is its only defence being without a Wall or Ditch WOLODOMIRE is a Dutchy very fertil in Corn Wolodimire its chief City being so called once dignified with the residence of the Great Duke till removed to Mosco from which it is distant 36 Leagues now dignified with an Episcopal See T WER is a fair T wer fertil and populous Province washed by the Volga its chief place is so called dignified with the See of a Bishop which for beauty and largness may compare with Mosco from which it is distant about 140 miles RESCHOWA Reschowa a Dutchy Bielski which takes its name from its chief City as doth the Dutchy of BIELSKI from Biela REZAN is a Dutchy so fertil that its fellow cannot be found in all these parts yielding Corn to admiration Rezan it s chief City also hears the same name which is seated on the River Occa dignified with an Episcopal See WOROTIN Worotin a Province also so called from its chief City seated on the said River Occa and defended by a strong Castle PERMSKI Permski a Province of a large extent its chief City is so called seated on the River Vischora WIATKA Wiatka a barren and woody Country and much pester'd with the Incursions of the Crim Tartars its chief place being so called PETZORA is a Province fenced on all sides by losty Mountains and Rocks Petzora its chief place takes the name of the Province seated on a River so called near its fall into the Sea and on these Mountains are found excellent Hawks and Sables which bring some profit to the Inhabitants Other Provinces INHORSKI CONDORA OVSTIOVGA SVSDAL ROSTHOW and JAROSLAV are Provinces of this Dukedom Towards the South Cason and about the Don and the Volga are several Cities People and Fortresses as are mentioned in the Geographical Table as are several Provinces or Estates upon and beyond the River Oby Besides these Provinces the Grand Duke holds at present towards Asia the Kingdoms of Casan Bulgaria and Astracan CASAN is a Kingdom in Tartaria Deserta Bulgaria whose chief place is so called seated on the Volga now dignified with the See of a Bishop is in the Kingdom of BVLGARIA whose chief place is so called ASTRACAN lieth on the Volga Astracan whose chief place is so called enjoyeth a good Trade especially by the Armenians by reason of its commodious scituation on the branches of the Volga about 20 Italian miles from the Caspian Sea The ISLES of GREAT BRITAIN with the Territorles thereto belonging are those of GREAT BRITAIN where are at this day two Kingdoms and one Principallty to wit The Kingdom of ENGLAND which according to the SAXON HEPTARCHY hath had Seven Kingdoms viz. Kingdom of KENT Canterbury Rochester Kingdom of SOUTH SAXONS Southwards Chichester Winchelsey Kingdom of EAST ANGLES Norwich Ipswich Cambridge Ely Kingdom of EAST SAXONS Colchester London Kingdom of WEST SAXONS Exeter Bristol Rath Salisbury Southampton Dorchester Kingdom of NORTHUMDERS York Lancaster Durham Carlifle Barwick Kingdom of MERCIA Leicester Lincoin Nortingham Darby Oxford Gloucester Worcester Leichfield Chester Hereford The Principallty of WALES as it was divided into SOUTH WALES Brecknock Cardigan Cardiff Monmouth NORTH WALES Flint Denbigh Carnarvan Mongomary The Kingdom of SCOTLAND which hath once had the Kingdoms of the SCOTS beyond the Tay Cromartly Eigin Aberdone Perch Dunkeldon PICTS on this side the Tay Dunslafag Dunkirton St. Andrews Dunblain Sterling Edinburgh Glasco IRELAND or The Kingdom of IRELAND with its Provinces which were formerly so many Kingdoms viz. ULSTER Donegal Dungannon Armagh Tredagh MUNSTER Cassile Lymerick Kinsale Corke
Waterford CONNAUGHT Slego Galloway Refecomen Letrim LEINSTER Molingar Trymm Dublin Kildare Kilkenny And a great many small ISLES to wit those About SCOTLAND The Oreades Kirkwall The Isles of Sherland Burgh The Western Isles Colmkill About ENGLAND The Sorlings St. Mary The Isle of Man Rusbin The Isle of Wight Newport The Isle of Jarfey St. Hâ—llary The Isle of Garnsey St. Peters In AFRICA in the Kingdom of Fex Tangler Besides the several Factories belonging to the Royal Company from Sally in South-Barbary to Cape Ronns Esperanâ—â— as at â—amâ—â— Rio Nuno Rio Grande Siera Liona Serbro Cestos Aâ—hin Anta Comenda Cape Corso Acara Cormentine Aâ—dra Renin Cailabar c. In the East Indies in ASIA the several Factories belonging to the East-India Company a Surat Bambay Curwar Baricale Câ—lieâ—t Fort St. George Pentapoll Musullpatâ—n Bellisar Ougely In the West Indies or North AMERICA On the Continent New England Boston New York New York New Jersey Mary-Land Virginia James Town Carolina Charlos Town The ISLES of Newfound-Land the Bahama Isles Bermudes St. Georges Jamaica Port Royal. Barbados St. Michaels St. Christophers Basse Terre Nieves Bath-bay Monferat Autega Angullia St. Vincent St. Dominies Harbada The Kingdom of ENGLAND may be divided into ENGLAND particularly so eali'd in which If Monmouthshire were included there would be 40 Shires and which according to the SAXONS Haptarchy are thus divided and that as they regard the 4 Quarters and then The Nine towards the East and South and which made the Kingdoms of KENT where is only Kent Ginâ—erbâ—ry Rochester Dover Sandwich SOUTH SAXONS which contained the Regm are the Counties of Surrey Soâ—thweâ—k Kingstoâ—â— Sussex Chichester Winchelsey Lewes EAST ANGLES which contained the Iceni are the Counties of Norfolk Norwich Yâ—rmouth Suffoâ—k â—â—swich St. Edmonds-Bury Cambridgshire Cambridge Ely EAST SAXONS which contained the Trinobantes are the Counties of Essex Colchester Norwich Middlesex London Westminster Hartfordshire Hartford St. Albons The Seven regarding the West and which have made the Kingdom of the WEST SAXONS are the Dammonii of Counties of Cornwal Launston Padstow Devonshire Exeter Plimouth Dartmouth Belge of Counties of Somerseâ—shire Bristol Bath Wells Bridgwater Wiltshire Salisbury Malâ—bury Hamshire Southampton Winchester Durotriges or Counties of Dorsetshire Dorchester Weymouth Berkshire Windsor â—edding The Six towards the North and which have made the Kingdom of the NORTHUMBERS are the Counties of Yorkshire York Hull Richmond Lancashire Lancaster Lirpool Durham Durham Cumberland Carlisle Periâ—h Westmerland Kendale Apleby Northumberland Barwick Newcastle The Seventeen in the middle of the Country and which have made the Kingdom of MERCIA are the Iceny or County of Huntingtonshire Huntington St. Ives Canlejuâ—anl or Counties of Buckinghamshire Buckingham Bedfordshire Bedford Coritanl or Counties of Rutlandshire Upingham Northamptonshire Northampton Peterborough Lelcasâ—ershire Lelcester Harborow Lincolnshire Lincoln Boston Nortinghamshire Nortingham Derbyshire Derby Chesterfield Dobimi or Counties of Oxfordshire Oxford Henley Glocesâ—ershire Gloucester Cornavii or Counties of Worcestershire Worcester Warwickshire Warwick Coventry Staffordshire Stafford Litchfield Cheshire Chester Nantwich Shropshire Shrewsbury Bridgnorch Herefordshire Hereford The Principality of WALES where are 12 or 13 Counties and all towards the West of England and whereof Six towards the North and which have made the Kingdom of NORTH WALES as the Counties of Flintshire Flint St. Asaph Denbighshire Denbigh Carnarvanshire Carnarvan Isle of Anglesey Bawmorriâ— Mersoâ—etâ—shire Harlâ—ch Montgomeryshire Monrgomery Seven towards the South and which have made the Kingdom of SOUTH WALES as the Counties of Radnorshire Radnor Bracknockshire Brecknock Cardiganshire Cardigan Pembrockshire Pembroke Carmardenshire Carmarden Glamorganshire Cardiff Landaff Monmouthshire Monmouth In divers Isles In the Great Ocean to the West of Cornwal as the SORLINGS St. Mary In the Irish Ocean to the South of Scotland as the Isle of MAN Russia In the Narrow passage near Hantshire as the Isle of WIGHT Newport near France as the Isles of JARSEY St. Hillary GARNSBY St. Peters The Kingdom of KENT wherein is only the County of Kent may be divided Into The Lath of SUTTON which again is subdivided into the Hundreds of Black-heath Grenwich Deptford Wolledge Eltham Little and Lesues Eryth Plampsted Bromley and Beckenham Bromley Beckenham Rokesley St. Mary Cray Orpinton Axtan Dartford Wimbleton Greenhith Godsheath Sevenoke Otford Westram Westram Brafted Somerden Speldherst The Lath of AYLFORD where are the Hundreds of Watlington Pepenbury Capell Little Barnefeld Brenehely Twyford Yalding Lowy of Tunbridge Tunbridge Little Field Royden Wrotham Wrotham Stansted Larkfeld Malling Aylesford Maidstone Maidstone E. Farly Eyhorne Lenham Stockberry Gittingham and Chetham Rochester Chetham Shamell Cobham Tottingtrough Gravesend Hoo St. Maries St. James The Lath of SCRAY in which are the Hundreds of Milton Milton Queenborow Sittingborn Tenham Tenham Dodington Feversham Feversham Bocton under Bleane Bocton Under Bleane Felborough God Marshal Wye Wye Kirchâ—lt Barony Kenington Chart Ashford Catehill Pluckley Egerton Blackborne Apledore Orlaston Barkley Byddenden Cranbrook Cranbrook Stapleherst Marden Goodherst Marden Fincocks Bedgbury Great Barnfeld Flimwell Selbrightenden Sandhersl Rolvenden Rolvenden Tenderden Tenderden The Lath of SHEPWAY wherein are the Hundreds of Oxney Stone Aloesbridge Brookland Langport Lyde St. Martin Snargate Ham Ham. New-Church New-Church Bonington Worth Romney Hyth Streate Alington Byrcholt Franchis Braborne Stowting Stowting Heane Saltwood Lovingbergh Eltham Falkston Folkston The Lath of St. AUGUSTINE in which are the Hundreds of Bewsbrough Dover E. Langden Corniloo Sandown Deal Eastâ—y Sandwich Barfrayston Wingham Ruynes Kinghamford Barnhamdown Bredg and Petham Canterbury Patricksporne Downhamford VVickham Westgate St. Stephens Harbledown Whitstable VVhitstable Seasalter Bleangate Reculver Hearne Breston Elmeston Kingsloe which is the Isle of Thanet St. Johns St. Nicholas Mynster The Kingdom of the SOUTH-SAXONS which contained the Regni and now the Counties of SURREY which is divided into the Hundreds of Brixton Southwark Rotheriff Lamboth Batersey Putney Wandesworth Clapham Kingston Kingston Richmond Mottlack Croydon Croydon Cashalton Cheame Carshalton Tanridge Bletchingligh Burstow Reygate Reygate Horley Copthorne and Effingham Ewell Bansted Ebesham Darklug Darking Newdigate Charlewood Emley Cobham Waybridge Walton Chertsey Chertsey Egham Frimley Woking Guilford Ockham Woking Farnham Farnham Puttenham Peperharo Godalming Godalming Witley Blackheath and Wotton Albury Cranley Dunsfold SUSSEX which is divided into the Rapes of Chicester Chichâ—ster Mydhurst Rogar Binderton Eastbourne Chydham Thorney Emley West Wittering Selsey Arundell Petworth Arundell Storington Hampâ—on Fering Burpham Barham Billingshurst Rudgwick Bramber Horsham Shoram Stening Tarring Shipley Etchingfold Rusper Lewes Lewes Cuxfield Brighthemstoâ— Myching Oford Stamner Porstad Wivelsfeld Balcombe Crawley Pevensey East Grinsted Buckhurst East-Bourn Mayfield Flerching Haylsham Bishopston East Deane Pemsey Hastings Wincheâ—sey Rye Hastings Battle Wartling Warbleton Euwood Burwash Flimwell Nordiam The Kingdom of the EAST ANGLES which contained the Iceni or Counties of NORFOLK as it is divided into the Hundreds of East Flegg Yarmouth West Flegg Winterton Happinge Hicklinge Tunstead North Walsham Worstead North Orpinham Cromere Sheringham Holt Holt Clay Greenhaw
Pulhely and Krekyth Bardesey Island ISLE of ANGLESEY with its Hundreds of Tallibollion Holyhead Llyfon Llandrogarn Tyndaythwy Bewmatis Twrkelyn Llandourodok Meney Newburgh Maltracth Aberfraw MERIONETHSHIRE where are the Hundreds of Ardydwy Harlech Talibout Dolgelhe Ystymanale Abeâ—dowyâ— Mowthy Maynloyd Penlyn Bala Ydeirmon Corwen MONTGOMERYSHIRE in which are the Hundreds of Mechavy Llanvilling Ystrondmarchel Montgomery Welshpoole Kery Kery Kidriorn Newtown Kare Eynion Llandaguan Kyfy Log. Machenlet Yriostly Llanidios SOUTH WALES in which are the Counties of RADNORSHIRE where are the Hundreds of Rayadergowy Rayadergowy Knighton Knighton Kevenlice Llanbadern Radnor New Radnor Prestaine Painscastle Llanhedder Collowini Dyssart BRECKNOCKSHIRE with its Hundreds of Bealt Bealt Talgarth Hay Merthye Merterkynok Dyvynnock Divynock Penkelly Brecknock Crickhole Crecowell CARDIGANSHIRE with its Hundreds of Tredvoir Cardigan Cardigan Island Moythen Llanbeder Pennarth Tregaron Llanylar Llanrusted Llanbadarn Aberysthwyth PEMBROOKSHIRE which is divided into the Hundreds of Kemes Newport Kilgarvan Kilgarvan Dewysland St. Davids Ramsey Island the Bishop and his Clerks Dungledy Lauhaden Wiston Rowse Haverford west Rosemarket Scaline Island Stockholme Isle Nerberth Tenby and Narberth Castle Martin Pembroke Caldey Island CAERMARDENSHIRE where are the Hundreds of Derllys Kancharne Elluet Caermarden and Newcastle Kidwellye Kidwyly Llannelthye Perue Llanymdofry Llangadok Cayo Llandilouawre Cathinok Abergerlech GLAMORGANSHIRE in which are the Hundreds of West Gowre Swansey and Penrise Mumbles point Pennarth point Oxwich point Wormshead point Llangevelach Llansamled Neath Aberavon and Neeth Newcastle Bridgend Ogmore Ogmore Castle Nash point Cowbridge Cowbridge Denispowis Porkerry Castle Barry Island Sylye Isle Cardiff Cardiff Landaff Caerfily Caerphilly Lantrissent Lantrissent MONMOUTHSHIRE now an English County where are the Hundreds of Bergaveny Abergavenney Skenfrith Mounmoth Ragland Ragland Caldicot Chepston Goldeclyffe Uske Uske Carlion Wealooge Newport ENGLAND Small Isles belonging to Great Britain THE Kingdom of England with that of Scotland forms an Island which bears the name of Great Britain unto which belongeth a vast number of lesser Isles which may be considered under four heads or forts viz. the Orcades the Hebrides the Sorlings and the Isles of Scilly with those of the Sporades All which said Isles with that of Ireland are scitâ—ate between the 9th and the 23th degrees of Longitude and the 50th and 59th of Latitude England is divided from Scotland by the River Tweed and Solway a line being drawn from the one to the other and on all other sides it is begirt with the Sea It s extent and division The extent and form of these Isles with their scituation to each other doth appear in the Map to which I refer the Reader But 't is probable that some may judge the Maps false for that the true Geographical distances of places are lesser than the Itinerary But these Reasons are sufficient to satisfie any to the contrary 1. The unpassable Woods which 〈◊〉 between places 2. the high Mountains and low Vallies 3. the Marishes or Boggs 4. the Rivers or Ponds and 5. the Parks or other enclosures which cause the Traveller to leave his direct line and go about It may be divided into two though unequal parts to wit England and Wales separated each from other by the Severn and a line drawn to the Wye but the more certain division was by a huge Ditch which beginning at the Influx of the Wye into the Severn reached to Chester where the Dee disâ— burthens its self into the Sea 80 miles in length made by Offa King of the Mercians and called Claudh Offa. This Kingdom of England is severed into 52 Shires or Counties of which 12 make the Principality of Wales and these Counties are subdivided into Hundreds Wapentakes or Wards and those again into Parishes which comprehend Boroughs Villages Hamlets Endships or Trthings It s division according to the Circuits of the Judges England is also divided into six parts for the Circuits of the 12 Itinerary Judges two of which twice every year are alotted for each Circuit iâ— the chief Town or Towns of each County in the said Circuit to sit and hear Causes and to administer Justice for the ease of the Subject and according to this division one Circuit doth contain the Counties of Wilts Somerset Devon Cornwall Dorset and Hantshire Another those of Berks Oxford Gloucester Monmouth Hereford Worcester Salop and Stafford Another those of Kent Surry Sussex and Hartford Another those of Bedford Bucks Cambridge Huntington Norfolk and Suffolk Another those of Northampton Rutland Lincoln Derby Nottingham Leicester and Warwick And another those of York Durham Northumberland Cumberland Westmoreland and Lancaster The two remaining Counties viz. Middlesex and Cheshire being exempted the one for its vicinity to London and the other as having its peculiar Judges for the administration of Justice It s division according to the Spiritual Jurisdiction For Spiritual or Ecclesiastical Jurisdiction this Kingdom is divided into two Archbishopricks viz. Canterbury and York under which are 25 Bishops of which 22 belong to that of Canterbury who is Primate and Metropolitan of all England and but 3 to that of York Now what these Bishopricks are this following Table will declare unto you A GENERALE MAPP OF THE ISLES OF GREAT BRITTAINE DESIGNED BY MONSIEUR SANSON GEOGRAPHER TO THE FRENCH KING RENDERED INTO ENGLISH ILLUSTRATED BY RIC BLOME BY HIS MAIESTIS ESPECIALL COMMAND London Printed for Ric Blome The most August Charles the 2d by the grace of God â—ing of England Scotland France and Ireland defendor of the Faith c 〈◊〉 this Mapp with all humility is Concecrated by your Majestes Obedient subiect Servant Ric Blome A Catalogue of the Archbishopricks and Bishopricks of England and Wales together with what Counties are under their Jurisdictions and what Parishes and Impropriations are in each Diocess Archbishopricks and Bishopricks Counties under each of their Jurisdictions Parishes in each Diocess Impropriations in each Diocess Canterbury hath Canterbury and part of Kent 257 140 York hath Yorkshire and Nottinghamshire 581 336 London hath Essex Middlesex and part of Hartfordshire 623 189 Durham hath Durham and Northumberland 135 87 Worcester hath Worcestershire and part of Warwickshire 241 76 Winchester hath Hantshire Surrey Isles of Wight Garnsey and Jersey 362 131 Bath Wells hath Somersetshire 388 160 Oxford hath Oxfordshire 195 88 Bangor hath Carnarvanshire Anglesey Merionethshire and part of Denbighshire 107 36 Rochester hath part of Kent 98 36 Ely hath Cambridgshire 141 75 Chichester hath Sussex and part of Hartfordshire 250 112 Salisbury hath Wiltshire and Berkshire 248 109 Lincoln hath Lincolnshire Leicestershire Bedfordshire Huntingtonshire Buckinghamshire and part of Hartfordshire 1255 577 St. Asaph hath part of Flintshire and part of Denbighshire 121 19 St. Davids hath Pembrookshire and Carmarthenshire 308 120 Peterborough hath Northamptonshire and Rutlandshire 293 91 Landaff hath Glamorganshire Monmouthshire Brecknockshire and part of Radnorshire 177 98 Carlisle hath part of Cumberland and part of Westmerland 92 18 Exeter hath Devonshire Exeter
the Helm of State have precedency as the Lord Chancellor or Lord Keeper Lord President of his Majesties Council Lord Privy Seal Lord high Chamberlain the Earl Marshal the Lord Chamberlain the Master of the Horse c. Precedency may be thus observed the King who is the fountain of Honour the Prince of England who is eldest Son to the King and is born Duke of Cornwal and about the age of 17 years is usually created Prince of Wales Princes of the Blood Royal who are the Sons Brothers Uncles and Nephews of the King The Archbishop of Canterbury the Lord Chancellor or Lord Keeper the Archbishop of York Lord Treasurer of England Lord President of the Privy Council Lord Privy Seal Dukes Marquesses Dukes eldest Sons Earls Marquesses eldest Sons Dukes younger Sons Viscounts Earls eldest Sons Marquesses younger Sons Bishops Barons Viscounts eldest Sons Earls younger Sons Barons eldest Sons Privy Counsellors that are not Noblemen Judges Viscounts younger Sons Barons younger Sons Knights of the Garter if not otherwise dignified as is rarely found Knights Bannerets Baronets Knights of the Bath Knights Batchelors Colonels Sergeants at Law Masters of Chancery and Doctors and Esquires and those may be comprehended under five several heads 1. Esquires unto the Kings Body 2. the descendants by the Male-line from a Peer of the Realm 3. the eldest Sons of Knights of the Garter Baronets Knights of the Bath and Knights Batchelors 4. the two Esquires attending on the Knights of the Bath at their Knighting and 5. Officiary Esquires as Justices of the Peace Barresters at Law Lieutenant Colonels Majors and Captains and lastly Gentlemen At a Marshal Court held at White-Hall the 18th of March An. Dom. 1615. it was declared and concluded on that there are two degrees that establish and settle the Title of an Esquire by birth the one the younger Sons of Peers of the Realm which do invest into the Heirs-males descended from them the Name and Title of Esquires the other the lineal Heir-male of a Knights House and these may justly assume and challenge the Title of Esquire by birth so that in all reason the younger Sons of Peers are more worthy than Knights so the setling of a Title proceeding from them is more worthy and eminent than that derived from Knights The Dominions of England The Dominions of the King of England are very large for besides that of England Scotland and Ireland there are divers small Isles scituate nigh unto them and do belong to one or the other as the Isles of ORKNEY or ORCADES in number 32 seated against the North-cape of Scotland The Isles of SHETLAND also under the Scotish Dominions the HEBRIDES in number 44 seated Westwards of Scotland the SORLINGS seated in the Westrn-cape of Cornwall the SPORADES being several Isles dispersed about the British Seas amongst which these following are the chief MAN scituate between England Scotland and Ireland JERSEY and GARNSEY on the French Coast WIGHT part of Hantshire PORTLAND part of Dorsetshire STEEPHOLMS and FLATHOM in Somerfetshire AIBBRE in Cheshire DENNY in Monmouthshire CODLEY in Pembrokeshire ANGLESEY which is one of the Welsh Counties SHEPPEY in Kent NORTHEY OSEY and HORSEY in Essex FERNE COCKET and HOLY Isle in Northumberland with several other small Isles not worth the naming as indeed many of these are Then in Africa as TANGIER GVINEY c. In the East Indies several places though belonging to the East India Company of London and in America large Dominions as NEW ENGLAND NEW YORK MARYLAND VIRGINIA CAROLINA all which are on the Continent also divers Isles some of which are very considerable as JAMAICA BARBADOS BERMVDOS ANTEGO NEW FOVNDLAND c. all which shall be treated of as they come in order but first of the English Counties County of Barkshire described BARKSHIRE well clothed with Wood and watered with Rivers is blest with a sweet Air hath a rich Soil fit both for Corn and Pasturage especially in the Vale of Whitehorse and generally the whole County for profit and pleasure yieldeth to few Shires in England The principal Commodity that this Shire produceth is Cloth which finds great vent and amongst the Rivers that water the County the Isis the Oke and the Kenet which affords excellent Trouts are the chief It is severed into 20 Hundreds in which are 140 Parishes and hath 12 Market Towns Reading Reading pleasantly seated near the Thames and on the Kenet which is navigable for Barges to London which adds much to its Trade which is considerable especially for Cloth and Mault 't is a large Town containing three Parish Churches is beautified with well built Houses hath fair Streets is well inhabited and hath a very considerable Market for Grains Malt Hops and most Country commodities on Saturdays 'T is a Town Corporate governed by a Major 12 Aldermen and as many Burgesses with sub-Officers enjoyeth several Immunities and sendeth Burgesses to Parliament 'T was formerly beautified with a fair and rich Monastery and a strong Castle built by King Henry the First where in the Collegiate Church of the Abby himself and Queen with Maud their Daughter were interr'd both which now lie in their ruins New Windsor Windsor pleasantly seated near the banks of the Thames and adjoyning to a Park and Forest well stored with Game 't is a fair large well frequented and inhabited Town Corporate governed by a Major and other sub-Officers sendeth Burgesses to Parliament and hath a very good Market for Provisions on Saturdays This Town is of great note for its stately Castle and Royal Palace of his Majesty seated on a great eminency wherein is a Chappel for Devotion a Colledge for Learning and an Alms-house for decayed Gentlemen called the poor Knights of Windsor and famous is this Castle not only for giving birth to so many of our Kings and Princes but for being the place where the ceremony of the Knights of the Garter is solemnized on St. Georges day Nigh unto New Windsor is Old Windsor a Town of greater antiquity though not of so much splendor Newbury Newbury well seated on the Kennet and in a Champain Plain a large well inhabited and frequented Town Corporate governed by a Major Aldermen and Burgesses beautified with a spacious Market-place and well built Market-house sufficiently served with Corn Flesh Fish and Fowl on Thursdays This Town had its rise out of the ancient Spinae now a small Village near adjoyning and called Speenhamland and is of note for its Jack of Newbury who got so great an estate by Clothing which this Town at present is very considerable for Wallingford Wallingford a Town of great antiquity and in times past very strong and large containing four Parish Churches within its Walls which took up a mile in circuit 'T is at present a large Town Corporate governed by a Major Aldermen and sub-Officers enjoyeth large Immunities and sendeth Burgesses to Parliament 'T is commodiously seated on the banks of the Thames over which
for its Salt-Pits or Wiches having three Fountains that afford great plenty of Water for the making of Salt which is excellent white and good for which here is drove a good Trade Sturbridge Sturbridge seated on a Flat and on the Stower over which it hath a Bridge it is a good and well-built Town hath the accommodation of a good Free-School with a Library and its Market on Fridays is well furnished with Corn Provisions and Swine Kidderminster Kidderminster feated under a Hill and on the Severn where the Stower loseth it self dividing the Town in twain an ancient Bailiwick-Town beautified with a fair Church hath well-built Houses is well inhabited and much traded unto for its Stuffs called Kidderminster-Stuffs and its Market which is on Thursdays is considerable for Corn Gottle Provisions and several Country-commodities Bewdley Bewdley a Bailiwick-Town which sends Burgesses to Parliament pleasantly seated on the Severn and near the Forest of Wire which in former time was a place of great delight and much resorted unto It is a neat and well-built Town enjoyeth a good Trade for Mault Leather and Caps called Bewdley-Caps here made and hath a Market on Saturdays chiefly considerable for Barly YORK-SHIRE County of York describ'd the largest County in England being above 300 miles in compass and although thus spacious for the generality is indifferent fertil yielding good plenty of Cattle Corn Fowl and Fish for if one part is stony sandy and barren other parts make amends and although there are great store of Heaths and Moors which are barren ground yet are they profitable to the Inhabitants for the feeding of Cattle In this County the Romans had several Stations and here were abundance of Abbeys Monasteries and Religious Houses many of which were of great note eminency and wealth The chief Manufactures of this Shire are Stockings Alum Jett Lime Knives Pins c. but above all Cloth in great plenty It is fevered into three distinct parts and called the North-Riding the East-Riding and the West-Riding which said Ridings or Parts are subdivided into 26 Wapontacks or Hundreds viz. the North into Eleven the East into Six and the West into Nine and in all these Wapontacks are numbred 563 Parish Churches besides abundance of Chapels of Ease by reason of the largeness of the Parishes many of the Chapels being as large as Parishes in other parts of England The North-Riding of Yorkshire may not improperly be divided into Richmondshire Cleaveland a fertil part North-Allerton and Blackmore very Mountainous Craggy and Moorish The chief places in this Riding are York City of York which next to London claimeth the Priority of all others in the Kingdom a place of great antiquity and fame having its rise from the Romans who had it in such great esteem that Severus their Emperour had here his Palace and here ended his days and had those Funeral Rites solemnized on his Corps according to their custom And here Fl. Valerius Constantius surnamed Chlorus bid adue to the World and in his room his Son Constantine was here proclaimed Emperour Nor did this City thus flourish only in the time of the Romans but was of great repute in all succeeding Ages and hath in all the revolutions and changes under the Saxons Danes and Normans preserved its ancient lustre and is at present a fair large and beautiful City adorned with many splendid Buildings both publick and private is very populous much resorted unto and well inhabited by Gentry and wealthy Tradesmen and numbreth about 30 Parish Churches and Chapels besides its Cathedral or Minster a most stately Structure dedicated to St. Peter Amongst its publick Buildings of note these may be taken notice of The Bishops-Palace its Chapter-House a curious piece of Architecture the Princes-House called the Mannor and the Courts of Judicature held for the Neighbouring Marches according to that of Ludlow It is a City and County within it self enjoyeth large Immunities sendeth Burgesses to Parliament is governed by a Lord Major 12 Aldermen clad in Scarlet 2 Sheriffs 12 Common Council 8 Chamberlains a Recorder Town Clerk Sword-Bearer and Common Serjeant with other sub-Officers It is a place of great strength being well fortified and enclosed with a strong Wall on which are many Turrets or Watch-houses and hath for entrance 4 Gates and 5 Posterns It s scituation is no less pleasantly than commodiously seated on the Owse which severeth it in two parts but joyned together by a fair Stone-bridge and to conclude its Markets on Thursdays and Staturdays are very considerable and well served with Flesh Fish Fowl c. as are its Shambles on the Week-days with Provisions Malton or New-Malton seated on the Derwent Malton over which it hath a good Stone-bridge It is composed of two Towns the New and the Old Malton and both containing 3 Parish Churches it is a place well inhabited and accommodated with good Inns hath weekly two Markets on Tuesdays and Saturdays which is one of the best in the County for Horses living Cattle Provisions and most Country-commodities especially Vtensils for Husbandry and as a Borough Town which is but meanly built electeth Parliament men Pickering or the Honour of Pickering a pretty good Town Pickering belonging to the Dutchy of Lancaster hath a famous Old Castle now ruinous in which they keep their Courts for the hearing of Causes under 40 s. in the said Honour which includeth several Villages which as it were encompass it so that the adjacent Country is called Pickering-Lith the Forest of Pickering and the Liberty of Pickering It s Market which is on Mondays is well served with Corn and Provisions Scarborough a place of great strength as well by Nature as Art Scarborough being seated on a steep Rock with such craggy Cliffs that it is almost inaccessible and beareth so into the Sea that it is washed on all parts except on the West where it yieldeth access by a strait passage Cliff or Gullet where it hath a strong Wall On the top of this Rock is a very fair green and large Plain containing about 60 Acres of ground and hath a little Well of Fresh-water springing out of the Rock and for its further defence hath a strong Castle now made use of by his Majesty for a Garrison This Town is not very large but well built and inhabited enjoyeth a good Trade having a commodious Key with several Vessels belonging to it which are employed by them and during the Herring-season for the Fishing Trade they being plentifully taken on this Coast This place is of note for its famous Spaw much resorted unto as well by Foreigners as the English It is a Town Corporate electing Parliament men is governed by two Bailiffs and a Common Council and hath two Markets weekly on Thursdays which is of good account and on Saturdays which is but small Not far from this Town is Robinhoods-Bay so called from Robinhood that noted Robber in the Reign of
Groenland we might likewise put Shetland which we know not whether Isles or parts of the New Continent as we are likewise ignorant of all the rest of America Arctica ISELAND Iseland subject to the King of Denmark is 150 Leagues long and little less than 100 broad Its Inhabitants Its Inhabitants are very lusty and live above an 100 years they scarce addict themselves to any thing but the feeding of their Beasts and Fishing The Coast toward the South is much better and best inhabited The Governour of the Island resides at Bellested on the Coast Scalhold and Holdon Bellested Scalhold and Holdon its chief Towns within Land are Bishops Sees The Mountains of Hecla and Helga often vomit Fire though the Circle of the Pole Arctick passes over this Island and incloses part of it in the Frozen Zone leaving the other in the Temperate if that can possibly be which lies so contiguous and near to the Frozen yet doth it not hinder them from enjoying many rare things in their Mountains in their Lands in their Fountains and Rivers in their Beasts and in their Fish Iseland doth in my Judgment apparently answer to the Thule of the Ancients though some Authors of the Country maintain the contrary Groenlandt or Greenland GROENLANDT that is GREENLAND hath been long known to those of Iseland and Norway Account is made that one Torwald and his Son Errick of Norway passed into Iseland about the year 800 and that from Iseland Errick and his Son Lieffe passed a little after into Groenlandt where they established some Colonies of Norwegians And the same History saith that Lieffe had some Combats with the Ancient Sekreglingres and Native Inhabitants of the Country and that those of Norway held but a small part in the East Coast of Groenlandt the Sekreglingres keeping the rest within the Country and that what the Norwegians possessed and knew in Groenlandt was not the hundreth part but that there were divers People governed by several Lords of which the Norwegians had no knowledge It s Fertility They say that in several parts of Groenlandt there are Lands which bear as good Wheat as any Ground in the World and Chestnuts so large that their Kernels are as big as Apples that the Mountains yield Marble of all sorts of colours that the Grass for Pastures is good and feeds quantities of great and small Cattle that there are Horses Stags Wolves Foxes Black and White Bears Beavers Martles c. That the Sea is full of great Fishes as Sea-Wolves Dogs and Calves but above all of Whales that the white Bears live more on the Sea than on the Land and that as the Black ones feed only on Flesh the White ones do on Fish and are especially greedy of little Whales which causes a great Antipathy between them and Whales who pursue them where-ever they can scent them The Marhval a strange kind of Fish That their Fish Marhval carrieth a Tooth or Horn so strong and long that it fights against and pierces the Whale as the Rhinoceros does the Elephant and they assure us that the Horn is of the same greatness form and matter and hath the same properties as those which we here esteem in the Vnicorns The Norwegians and Danes who sometime since have passed into Groenlandt say that the Language of its Inhabitants is so different from that of Norway or Denmark that there is little appearance they could descend either from the one or the other and that if formerly there have been any Colonies of Norwegians they are quite extinct In 1636 the Danes which went thither to Trade demanded by signs if beyond that ridge of Mountains there were any Men the Savages made them to understand they were innumerable higher Its Inhabitants and stronger than they and that they used great Bows and Arrows and would not have any Commerce nor suffer the sight of Strangers The Habits of those with whom the Danes traded some of which they brought into Denmark were of Skins of Wild Beasts their Shirts of the Entrails of Fish and their Wastcoats of the Skins of Birds with their Feathers These same Relations make mention of an Old and New Groenlandt this descending towards the South the other mounting towards the North but that some years since the North Seas have been so loaden with Ice that the first ones not being melted before Winter and the other having continued from time to time to add to them and lie in heaps one upon the other the Sun in the end hath not had power to break them and in succession of time this way hath been stopt up and the communication of Iseland with Old Groenlandt lost CANADIANE In which may be considered The ARCTICK LANDS called AMERICA ARTICA with its chief places and such are ISELAND Bellested Schalhod Holdon GROENLAND Bearesord Mudder Point Trime Point Warusick Foreland Warwick Sound Cape Farwel Resolution Isle NORTH WALES Seahorse Point Cape Pembrook SOUTH WALES Hudsons Bay James Bay Cape Henretta Marie CANADA or NEW FRANCE with its chief Parts and Places and such are those of ESTOTILAND Sir Tho. Smiths Foreland Merchants Isles Cape Charles King James Foreland Cape Prince Henry Hope advanced Ganse Bay Slapers Haven Clapmuts Bay Orang Bay Hollandsche Bay SAGUANA Quebeck Tadousac Bay Savage Brest Port de Quartier Port de St. Nicholas Chichekedec Port Neuf Jaus Coudres Isle of Orleance Sillery CANADA Mont Real Richelieu Point Verte Croipapequiac Cape de l'Evesque Assumpsion Isle Isle of Plate Isle of Birds Isle of Ramec New-found-land Isle of Brien Isle of Cap. Breton Isle of St. John ACADIE Martengo Macomode Paspay Port de Rosignal Cape de Sable Port Royal Cape de Mines Isles of Forchu de Sable NEW ENGLAND Boston Plimouth Charles-Town Dorchester Cambridge Ulielands Isle Long Isle MARY-LAND Maries Town Calverton Herrington NEW YORK New York VIRGINIA James Town Elizabeth Town Dales Gift Wicocomoco Pouhatan Bermuda Secotam Cape Henry Smiths Isle Isle of Paquiwock Croatoan Wokokon CAROLINA Charles-Town The HURONS St. Peter St. Francis Alexis St. Michael St. Joseph Isle of BERMUDES Southampton Harington Pagets FLORIDA St. Hellens Port Royal St. Matthews St. Augustine St. Jago CANADA OR New France UNder the name of CANADA or New France we esteem that which is on both sides the great River of Canada or St. Laurence with the Isles that are before its Mouth unto and so far as this River is known and from the Gulphs and Streights of Davis and Hudson unto New Spain or Mexico In this extent we have the Isles of New-found-land Terra di Librador Canada which communicates its name to the rest Acadia Saguenay the Irocois the Hurons the Algonquins with about a hundred other sorts of people whose names are known The Isles of NEW-FOVND-LAND or according to the Biscains New-found-land of Bacallaos that is of God-fish are so called by reason of these Fishes here found in such great quantity that sometimes they seem to hinder the sayling
and have some Towns It s chief places the chief of which is James Town commodiously seated on James River a neat Town and beautified with well built Brick Houses and here are kept the Courts of Judicature and Offices of publick concern for the Countrey Next to James Town may be reckoned Elizabeth a well built Town seated on the mouth of a River so called Also Dales-gift Wicocomoco Bermuda and others The Governour of this Country is sent over by his Majesty and the Country is governed by Laws agreeable with those of England and for the better observing the same the Country possessed by the English is divided into the Counties of Caroluck Charles Glocester Hartford Henrico James New Kent It s division into Counties Lancaster Middlesex Nansemund Lower Norfolk Northampton Northumberland Rapalianock Surrey Warwick Westmorland the Isle of Wight and York and in each of these Counties are held petty Courts every Month from which there may be Appeals to the Quarter Court at James Town As to the Natives which here Inhabite they are much of the nature of those already treated of so I shall omit them here Only say that it is the Habitation of divers sorts of Indians which have no dependance upon each other being of particular Tribes and having their peculiar King to govern them every Indian Town being the habitation of a King and these people do rather live at enmity than amity together It s scituation bounds CAROLINA a Colony not long since established by the English and is that part of Florida adjoyning to Virginia in the Latitude of 36 degrees and extendeth it self to that of 29 which makes it extream Southern bounds on the East it is washed with the Atlantick Ocean and on the West it hath that large tract of Land which runneth into the Pacifick Ocean It is a Country blest with a wholsom and temperate Air the heat in Summer nor the cold in Winter which is so much as to check the growth of Plants Trees c. the several fruits and plants having their distinct seasons being no waies troublesome to its Inhabitants but very agreeable to the English and being found thus healthful hath occasioned several persons to remove from the Bermudes to settle here who dwelling in so pure an Air durst not venture in any other Country Nor do those from the Bermudes only remove hither but from most of the American Plantations as well as from England it being esteemed by all one of the best Colonies that ever the English were Masters of for here is altogether Health Pleasure and Profit centered together which cannot be met with in so large a measure in any other part of the Indies This Country has first Inhabited by the English about the year 1660 and became a Proprietorship which his present Majesty King Charles the Second The Proprietors granted by Patent to the Right Noble George Duke of Albemarle the Right Honourable Edward Earl of Clarendon William Earl of Craven Anthony Earl of Shaftsbury John Lord Berkley Sir George Cartwright Sir Jo. Colleton and Sir William Berkley and to their Heirs and Successors and the said Lords Proprietors having by their Patent power to Establish a Government and make Laws for the better regulation thereof and the inviting of Inhabitants have formed a Model so well framed for the good and welfare of the Inhabitants that it is esteemed by all judicious persons without compare The Natives of Carolina according to the observation of one Ledener who made three several journeys from Virginia to Carolina about the Year 1670 for a discovery of those parts The Native Inhabitants and the nature and disposition of the Inhabitants are said to be of a ready wit and good understanding they instruct their Children in such things as relate to their Families and Country which is so preserved from Generation to Generation They worship one God as Creator of all things to whom their High Priest offers Sacrifice but believes he hath something else to do than to regard Humane affairs committing them to lesser Deities viz. to good and evil Spirits to whom their inferiour Priests make their devotion and Sacrifice They believe the transmigration of the soul and when any one dieth they interr with them provisions and Housholdstuff for the next World which they fancy to be beyond the Mountains and Indian Ocean In their Marriages they are very Superstitious for the generality they are of a good and honest meaning much addicted to mirth and dancing and above all are much prone to Honour and Valour which they place above all other vertues They are great favourers of the English living together in love and friendship and upon all occasions ready to contribute their assistance unto them The Country is by them divided into several Kingdoms and the people in the one keep no correspondence with those that border upon them often waging War against one another The Soil is rich and fertile and produceth excellent Fruits as Apricocks Peaches Grapes of which the English have made good Wine Olives of which good Oyl is made Wallnuts Apples Pears Plumbs Its Fruits Cherries Figgs Mulberries Strawberries Water-Mellons Marachocks Quinces and other Fruits known to us in Europe which for goodness are no wales inferiour to them and in the Southern part Oranges Limes Pomegranates and Pomecitrons and the earth is generally very apt to produce and bring to maturity Corn all sorts of Garden Herbs Roots c. Commodities The Commodities which this Country doth and may produce are Wines Oyls Silk Mulberry-trees growing wildly Cotton Indico Ginger Tobacco Masts for Shipping which for length streightness and bigness are the best in the World c. And it is believed that here may be made more Wines Oyls and Silk than England will vent Besides the Mulberry-trees here are Cedar Oak both white and red Its Trees Poplar Bay Ash Pine with divers others whose names are not yet known The Woods are well stored with Pheasants large Turkeys Partridges Fowls Turtle-Doves Pigeons great variety and plenty of small Birds also Deer Hares Conies c. The Country is well watered with Rivers which with the Sea sufficiently furnish the Inhabitants with excellent Fish and such common in Virginia here are great plenty of wild Fowl as Geese Cranes Herons Swans Curlews Heath Cocks Oxeys Brants Dotterels Widgeons Teal Duck and Mallard in an undestroyable quantity Here are at present two considerable Settlements viz. at Albemarle River in the North and at Ashley River in the middle of the Country which is likely to be the scale of Trade for the whole Country as being very commodiously seated for Shipping and in a healthful place In all these parts which we have passed under the name of CANADA the the people are very barbarous having neither Religion nor Learning Divers people have diversity of Languages they count their years by the course of the Sun their months by that of the Moon their