the North East and so last to the 7 or 8 though sometimes the Tornado VVinds have been met with from the 12 th of N. Lat. and generally continue till within 4 degrees of the line Moreover from the African shoare 100 or 200 leagues West the foremention'd North-East Wind commonly inclines to the East and 20 degrees off from the meridian of the Azores will be most at East North-East and as the VVinds neer the Continent of Europe are commonly between East and North so at the meridian of the hithermost Azores they hang between South-West and North-West The S. East Winds begin to take place between the Aequator and the Tropique of Capricorn and the nearer you are to the Coast of Afric they are the more Southerly and as you approach to the Coast of Brasile it inclines more and more to the East And there is not only variation in respect of the Longitude but likewise of the Latitude So that neere the Aequator the VVind is more towards the South then it is in the same Meridian neer the Tropique of Capricorn where it it is constantly between S. E. by E. and S. E. by S. From hence wee may understand what variations happen to the Generall Winds in respect to the degrees of Longitude and for their Latitude or distance from the Aequator it 's for the most part govern'd by the course of the Sun which being Excentrical from the Earth as it approaches or deviates more or lesse from one Tropique to another so it alternately causes the same declinations in the Universall Winds when it deflects towards the Northern signs they likewise bend the same way If the Sun be just about the Aequinoctiall they have the same Winds and tydes in the Pacifique and so from Peru to the Moluccas when it 's in the Summer Solstice the Trade Wind reaches to at least the 36 th degree of Boreal Latitude and being in Capricorn it not only declines to almost the 40 degree of S. Lat. but obliges them that navigate in the Northern Hemisphere to fetch their VVind much neerer the line The same detrusion of the Seas and VVinds happens not only in the Ocean between Africk and the West Indies but in the South seas towards the Philippine Islands For from March to October they hang towards the North and from October to March they revert with the Sun towards the Southern parts of the world Yet there may some accidents intervene that frequently impede the course of the tydes and Universal VVinds as the Situations of promontorys or shoars especially about the Coast of Guiny and oother parts of Africk but in the Indian seas subjacent to the Torrid Zone from the 10 or 11 degrees of S. Lat. to the 28 there are constantly the same motions of the Tydes and VVinds till the Sun retiring towards the Tropique of Cancer draws the Winds 10 or 11 degrees more North nay sometimes almost to the Aequinoctial line but as it describes a contrary Arch towards the South they in like manner make their excursions to about the 30 degree of South Latitude The Adjacent Mountains that guard them from the East likewise divert the Levants from the Coasts of Guiny which occasions such tedious Calms towards the Aequinoctiall that some ships have waytted severall months for a VVind before they could set sayl from their Port. So Angola Congo and many other Countrys along the Aethiopique Ocean from the line to neer the Tropique of Capricorne as Cape Negro Carinba c. are shelterd from the Generall Brise As likewise Peru and some other Western parts of America which have vast ridges of Hills that run for many thousand leagues from North to South dividing Guiana and Brasile from Peru and the Kingdome of Chili I shall only add that the Levants blow much stronger by day then night as is well known to all Mariners who have sail'd between the Tropiques which shows that they rather depend on the Sun then the motion of the Earth or Primum Mobile These are the most Generall observations but as I before suggested the Trade VVinds loose much of their soveraignty neare the shoars and are frequently impeded by the intervention of Islands and Crosse Winds and sometimes the Promontorys and Land Brises repell them from their Coasts yet these or whatever extraneous accidents can never alter the perennial motion but it still recovers again blowing from Africk to the American continent and so through the South seas towards the East Indies from thence makes as it were a complete Tour round the world The Ocean between Jemiac and Carthagene is oftentimes very tempestuous but neerer inclining to either shoars the fury of the Trade Winds is much abated and for 20 leagues in length at a place call'd the Keys of Cuba it 's interrupted by a Westerly Wind that blows all the yeare round So that it prevayles most in the Pacifique and other Spacious seas where it runs streaming without impediment along the liquid Plaines that from New Spain to the Philippine Islands they steer the same course for 60 days together and from the Cape of good Hope to St. Helens it likewise constantly swells their sayles with one secure and equall gale Wee might likewise venture at a better account then has hitherto been given why the Western Wind blows most commonly on this side the Tropiques for the whole current of Air being carry'd from East to West it recoyls back again and by reason of this repercussion from about 30 degrees Latitude where the Trade VVind ceases the Western begins Here in England the Eastern usually govern the spring and wee have sometimes variable VVinds but generally the Western ingrosse the greatest part of the yeare which indeed are no more then the Tropicall VVind at rebound for not being able to return back against the stream the Trade VVinds still raigning in the Torrid Zone it must needs bee diverted toward the Poles and sometimes produces the West and otherwhile the Laterals North and South West as the Angles are more direct or acute in their reflexion Thus from the same Latitude where the Trade Wind ends there usually begins a motion contrary to the course of the Sun by which wee sail from West to East and so much the more or lesse as it deflects towards either of the Poles wherefore those who navigate from the Moluccas to the Western parts of America being never able to hold on their course in the middle and beare up against the Generall VVind fetch a compasse beyond the Tropiques sometimes to 36 and otherwhile to 40 as the course of the Sun and consequently the Winds and Tydes incline more or lesse towards the North or South And so those that sail from Barhados St. Domingo or Jamaica are forc'd to steer their course towards the Gulf of Florida to the 36 and in Summer sometimes beyond the 40 degree of N. Latitude where they meet with the Reverse or Western Winds to conduct them into Europe
and the excessive Heat forc'd them to keep their legs naked which became so red and inflam'd that without the greatest Torment they could not endure to set them on the ground In some places of the Country these Soultry Gales last from 9 in the morning till noon which are ready to stifle the inhabitants and blowing immediately from the Scorching Sands the people many times lye in the water to rescue themselves from the intolerable Heats Della Valle says that they are call'd in the Annalls of Persia Bad Semum i. e. Burning and Venemous VVinds. I have heard the like relations from many of our Sea Captains who trade on the Arabian or African Coasts so that I think Mr. Hobs or any other of the Modern Naturallists had little reason to question the Heat of some Winds though in these parts of the world where they travell not over such Sandy Desarts and are more remov'd from the ways of the Sun they are more sensibly Cold. By Gelid Winds I understand those which are colder then our Sensories or the Ambient Air. This Frigidity may happily proceed from the Nitrous particles of which they consist or whatever body else wee reckon to be the Primum Frigidum Or because they have their Origine in those Caverns under the Earth where the Sun beams never penetrate and no Subterraneall warmth is to be found Monsieur De Cartes averrs that all Boistrous Winds from whatever point of the Compasse they blow are Universally Cold and Dry and wee find that any sort of Air violently mov'd by a Fanne or Bellows does refrigerate so that the Cold of Winds may somewhat depend on their motion or manner of affecting our Senses And since the Cartesians will allow Cold to be no positive Quality of it self but a mere Privation of Heat then either the absence of their Subtil matter may cause the Frigidity of Winds or else the occasion thereof must be this that they passe thorough the Gelid Regions which are never visited by the Sun Beams For as Those which come from Aethiopia and other parts of the Torrid Zone doe imbibe the Heat and Sympathise with the nature of the places from whence they come so questionlesse the other that consist of or drive before them the grosse and Frigorifique Air from Groenland and other Northern Climates must needs have considerable allays of the Mediums through which they passe And within the Polar Circles the absence of the Solar rays for so many Months do's sufficiently conduce to the Production of Cold since the Sun which us'd to correct the rigour and inclemency of the weather is now banisht from their Horizon and the Air become Chill and Torpid by the long Predominance of the Cold. So that the VVinds must of necessity admit of very considerable alterations in their passage and whether or no they consist of Frigorifique particles yet by their commerce and enterfering with the Gelid Regions they may draw I know not what Contagion from thence As appear'd in the foremention'd Experiment how much the mixture of Snow and Ice only by applying it to the outside of the bellows did soon infrigidate the Transient VVinds. For I am not sufficiently convinc'd that Cold VVinds proceed always from Nitre Sal Armaniac or other Frigorifique Corpuscles But sometimes only appeare so to us by their particular Motions on our Sensories As wee see any Air Ventilated from Fanns or Bellows or our own breath darted with a very vehement impulse from the Mouth appears Frigid which if wee exhale gaping and in another position of the lips is rather sensibly Hot. Thus if VVinds may be styl'd Cold from a simple Privation of Heat and if only the want of some Subtil Matter the absence of the Sun or other Calorifique Corpuscles will resolve the severall Phaenomena wee commonly ascribe to cold this will be sufficient to constitute the Refrigerative Winds which may better be explain'd in this manner then by the Positive Qualitie of the Peripatetiques or the Nitrous and other Frigorifique particles of the Atomists and Corpuscularian Philosophers I shall only add one circumstance out of the Honourable Mr. Boyl concerning the causes of cold Winds I have supected some Winds may be Cold only by consisting of or driving before them those higher parts of the Air that by reason of the longuid reflexion of the Sun beams in the Upper Region is for the most part Cold. Yet as I before declar'd wee often commensurate the Qualities of Winds not only from their Constituent Particles or their just degrees of Frigidity or Heat but sometimes because they are warmer then the Ambient Air or the Winds that usually blow in such Climats or at leastwise then those membranes or Sensorys by which wee judge them The VVinds which blow off from Sea are farre Hotter then those which come from Land May not the Collucent Salts which create such a sparkling and Coruscation in Tempests or other vehement Collision of the waves be able to produce some heat in the Air and VVinds being either actuall Flames or at least making those impressions on our Sensory's as if they were Neverthelesse since wee find by experience that these kind of Salts with which the Sea water is impregnated doe neither rise up in vapors nor being mingled with liquids any way advance their Heat May there not be other Calorifick Effluviums like the hot Steams in Colepits and Mines that ascend from the bottome of the Sea yet cannot so easily perspire through the solider Superficies of the Earth which renders the Maritime Regions and VVinds hotter then the Midland But whatever be the cause it is most evident that all over Europe the winters are generally milder in Islands then many places in the Continent which lye nearer the Sun As in England then France nay Scotland though it be situate so farre North has seldome more keen and piercing Frosts then Paris or some Citys of Italy which are infested with Terrestriall Winds So likewise part of Asia as in China where it runs to the Southwards of Spain the winters are most excessively cold in the 42 degree of Latitude they have ice which lasts 3 or 4 Months together by reason of the Land Winds For this cause New England though it lyes not so farre distant from the Aequator is incomparably colder then any parts of Great Britain And at Virginia as I have been inform'd the Land Winds oftentimes surprise them with such an Exceding sharp Air that one would think it impossible there should be those extreames of Heat and Cold in the same day So on the Coasts of Carolina and Florida where they have for the most part Midland Winds the Colds are intolerable considering their no great distance from the Sun When as the Sea-Brise in most parts of Europe is temperate and mild I have heard that in the Isle of Jersy the Myrtles will live abroad all winter being cherisht on every side with the tepid vapors from the Sea and
W. throughout all India from noon till 12 at night and coming out of the Sea towards the Land are therefore call'd Viracoins or Sea Winds They often stay late and blow but slowly Nearer the Coasts of China you have the Terreinhos out of the West and N. W. S. E. and E. N. E. Being in the North they change to the South and then ensues a calme till the Terreinhos come in The Brises in the Straights begin about 9 or 10 in the Morning blowing freshest at noon and so gradually declining till 4 or 5 at last cease in a Calme which lasts till 10 11 or 12 at night VVhen begins the Land Brise till 5 or 6 and then Calme till the Sea Brise comes in This account I receiv'd from a Sea Captain well vers'd in all parts of the Levant having serv'd under the Venetians severall years in those Seas At the river of Constantinople the VVinds commonly blow thorough but in exceeding fair VVeather you shall have both the Land and Sea Brises as in the Straights If either the Easterly or VVesterly VVinds blow fresh they hinder both the Land and Sea Brises in the Mediterranean of which wee must note They are always the more languid and weaker the later they come in In very hot days and when no other VVinds are stirring you may sometimes observe this alternation between the Land and Sea Brises on the Coasts of England but scarce with any certainty beyond the Latitude of Portugal Brises of all sorts are more constant in Summer then Winter and between the Tropiques then in the Temperate Zones The Etesians or Anniversary VVinds are those which blow constantly at certain seasons of the yeare The most remarkable species begin in Summer about the rise of the Dog starre and last 40 days being preceded by their Prodromi or Fore-runners 8 or 10 days The account of Pliny is not much different from Aristotle as he computes their Etesians in the 2 d book of his Naturall History Not only the Stagirite and Theophrastus but of late De Cartes and many other Moderns derive their Origine from the colliquated snows and ice in the Northerly regions For the long continuance of the Sun neer 6 months together above their Horizon at last overcomes the obstinacy of the cold and dissolves the snows which being attenuated into VVinds make long marches towards the South where they find the Air more yielding and pure then the Foggs and grosse vapors of the North. They were call'd the Sleepy VVinds Venti Delicati Somniculares by reason they intermit in the night time and rise again with the Sun happily because the vapors were then only sufficiently dilated by the celestiall beams though in the night time they subside and hover neare the Earth being too refrigerate and dense to constitute VVinds till they are again quicken'd put in motion by the approaches of the Sun I am willing to acquiesce in the aforesaid cause and I believe wee in England or France might owe our Etesians to Groenland and other parts of the Frozen Zones because wee have no constant visible Fountains of any such VVinds in our own dominions but if the Etesians of Greece according to the sentiments of Aristotle doe allways depend on the resolution of snows in the North they would certainly take Russia Poland or Germany in the way which lye neerer the Artick Pole before they arrive at Greece and yet on the other side of the Taurican hills they are said to have Southerly VVinds about the time of the Graecian Etesians VVee may better make judgement of these Winds that being most Peculiar to this Country they were no Forreigners in their Originall but sprung from particular Fountains within it selfe such as the hills of Macedon and Thrace that have perennial Snows of their own and these being master'd by the scorching heats of Summer may give birth to their Etesian Winds which has this advantage over the other opinion that it clears the difficulty why they are silent in the night and blow with fresher Gusts at Midday when the Sun mounts highest in the Northern Hemisphere I shall only adde not to mention severall others of the modern Naturallists that even * Cabeus himselfe who was a person sufficiently Zealous in asserting the Peripatetique Hypothesis dissents from the opinion of Aristotle will scarce allow the Etesians of Greece a remoter Origine then the neighboring Alps. I shall not insist upon the mistake for which some of his own interpreters have severely enough reflected upon Aristotle That he should first deduce the Origine of these VVinds from the Frozen Zones and afterward assign the reason why they blow stronger in the Day time because the liquefaction of the Snows is interrupted by the Nocturnall Cold when it 's Notorious that in those Countrys the Sun for many Months together is never depres'd below their Horizon Towards the Adriatique and many parts of Asia they have Set Winds which arrive from the N. and N. E. Yet all these which were reputed the Venti Stati blow not from the Northerly Points for in Gascony about the same time with the Etesians of Greece they have rather Southerly Winds which Scaliger who was best able to judge of his own Country observes to be unwholesome and Pestilentiall At Madrid for the most part of the Summer they have a Brise from the Pyreneans or the Adjacent Guadarama which extremely allays the excesse of heat You shall have different sorts of Winds from the same Snowy mountain blowing to severall quarters according to the situation of the Countrys As was observ'd in those Countrys by the foremention'd Cabeus Saepe nobis Boreas Borealibus Auster Spirat It being not unusuall for them in Lombardy to feel a Northerly and at Tirol which is situate on the contrary side of the Alps a Southerly Wind at the same time In Italy they can never fail of Etesians from their own Appennines and so happily on the shoare of Guzarat and the Indian Ocean from mount Caucasus And where ever great Chains or ridges of Hills run along as the Caucasean or Appennine this very often renders an account of most Etesians there about Yet I question whether many Authors may not ascribe too much to this one cause for in some places they have Anniversary Winds that can never possibly have their rise from the Resolution of Snows And I believe it would prove extremely difficult to lay down any tolerable Hypothesis of the Monsoons on the Coasts of Afric and India from the best discoverys wee have yet been able to make of those Parts There are other Stated or Anniversary Winds which they call'd 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Avicular and White-South Winds either because they were so friendly to the procreation of birds or rather that they return'd with Nightingales or Swallows in the spring beginning to blow after the Summer Solstice by the computation of Aristotle 70 days about the beginning
and Pestilentiall but to certain African Provinces healthfull and Pleasant The Northerly are coldest in our European World and the Southerly on the other side of the Aequinoctiall For the Arctick and Antarctick VVinds must needs be of the same nature blowing from either of the Poles where the cold is equally predominant So that the Qualitys of many VVinds seeme not so much to respect the Points of the compasse as the Course of the Sun The Eastern Winds according to Aristotle are hot and dry nor is their Siccity only remarkable in Greece Palestine Asia the Lesse and most parts of Africk where they make long marches over the parcht and barren sands but likewise in the more temperate climes of Holland and France by reason they passe through Poland Germany other vast tracts of Land and lastly arriving at our Isle they can suffer no considerable alteration in their qualitys by so small a passage over the Narrow Seas They are no very welcome guests to us in England being ominous to our Gardens Fields by blasting the corn and fruits I have known strange destruction done in one Night when they come late in the spring Sometimes they not only blite the leaves and blossoms but kill the Trees with their poysonous breath They bring after them swarms of Caterpillers and other devouring insects or those dry and tabid mists which corrupt the lungs and cause Epilepsys Consumptions c. whether by driving before them the putrid Air from Holland or however they contract that malignity in their natures Nevertheless wee can make no Generall conclusions of their propertys from hence which are chang'd by innumerable acidents For though in these Countrys of Great Britain they are inauspicious both to animals and plants yet in the West Indies the Eastern Brise is refreshing and healthfull above all other VVinds. In Arabia and those Asiatique regions they are exceedingly dry by travelling for many thousand leagues over the sandy desarts yet Blondus observes them to be rather humid in Italy and to occasion a relenting in the Air where they blow immediately from the Adriatique Seas In relation to their degrees of heat though Aristotle declares they are much hotter then the Westerly wee find by experience that with us in England the Easterly are at certain Seasons of the yeare exceeding cold and very often the most freesing winds especially if they hang somewhat towards the North. I need assign no other cause for the frigidity of the Easterly Winds then that they have their first rise from the Continent where the Midland Air is much colder then the Maritime The South Winds are generally reputed Hot and Moist on this side the Line being heated in their entry through the Torrid Zone or because they consist not of melted Snows as the Northern but of the Tepid and Sulphury steams from Africk and other Sunburn'd climes They passe over no Seas of any large extent just crossing the Mediterranean and British yet they moisten and relax the Air and cause wet weather by dissolving the Clouds into rain which are rather dissipated and blown over by the impetuous Norths Yet I think it very irrationall to conclude that all the Southerly should have their rise from the Torrid or the Northerly VVinds from the Frigid Zones Since it is not unknown to the Curious that in part of Italy and Provence they have very often Northerly VVinds rising as is suppos'd from some places about the Alps whereof they are not at all sensible in other Countrys of France through which they must of necessity passe if they came so farre North. In like manner at Marseilles and in the Mediterranean they have oftentimes Southerly VVinds when they blow from contrary points on the African Continent which lyes more to the South I believe very few of the South Winds here in England ever took a longer flight then from the Mediterranean Sea or the lower parts of France and it can scarce be suppos'd that the same Numericall Exhalations could ever travell from between the Tropiques and not be spent in the way long er'e they arrive at the British Coasts yet happily by protruding the Ambient Air and that successively the Contiguous to it the motion may at length be Propagated many hundreds of Miles beyond the reach of those vapors which caus'd the first Agitation So that it is not impossible but that a VVind which began neer the Aequinoctiall may by this means be continued even to the Poles of the VVorld However I shall make no longer digressions concerning their Extent but proceed to the Qualitys which are vulgarly ascrib'd to the Southerly VVinds. They are laxative stupefactive and pestilentiall They cause Epilepsies and pains in the head and were therefore styld 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 by the Grecians They render men Shaagrin and melancholy and in some of the Azores Islands the children are said to sit dejected and leave their playing when they blow For first they open the pores of our bodys by their heat and then insinuate the malignant influences and the parts being pointed and volatile have not only an easy ingression into our blood but thaw and unloose the textures of ice and snow Nay it 's most certain that iron it selfe takes the file much better when the South Wind blows then at other times They many times cause a farre rougher Sea then the most Tempestuous Winds from the North Happily because they blow more obliquely and rake the Surface of the Water when as the Northerly oftentimes descend as from a precipice downwards which immediately deads and weakens their force They magnify visible objects As our Seamen observe their ships to appeare bigger at a distance either in misty weather or when the South Wind blows For the humid and nebulous vapors of which they consist distort the visual beams and by refracting them to the Perpendicular cause more rays of light to enter into the eye which makes the object seeme larger then otherwise would arrive at it in strait lines Many who are naturally inclin'd to Stammering in their speech do find their infirmity evidently worse when the Wind is toward the South Probably because the moisture of the Air causeth a greater relaxation of the Nervs and thereby a tremulous and unstable motion of the muscles at that time Which perhaps hath more power upon the Vocall muscles then others because they lye in the Road and are more expos'd to the invasions of whatever is breath'd in at the mouth or nostrills then others are Whence also wee find the tongue more apt to falter though somewhat in a different manner whensoever it is overmuch bedew'd with strong and vaporous liquors Smells are said to be most Fragrant in these Winds when the Air is humid and lax to convey the odoriferous particles They anticipate the Spring and cause the trees to blossome and bud forth before their time and by this means exhaust their spirits and nutritive juyce They damp linnen and paper though never
so carefully guarded from the Air cause flesh to rot and upon all accounts hasten putrefaction in bodys The Western have been Counted the mildest most Auspicious of all others and were so highly in favour with the Poets that they thought them worthy of the Golden Age and to refresh the Elysian groves They are indeed cherishing to Animals they cause fertility in the Earth and paint the flowry meades with all the verdant beautys of the spring But though the Breathing Zephyrs are so much celebrated in Poems and Romances and happily were kinder to the delicious Countrys of Italy Greece yet wee find no lesse malignity in their natures from particular accidents and climats then what wee have observ'd of other Winds In the Isle of Jersy as I was lately inform'd by an ingenious Gentleman of that place they Taint and Blast all the plants and trees except the white poplar which flourishes best in those Winds and suffer nothing to grow a good distance from the Western shoare when the Midland of the Country and all other parts even to the Brink of the Ocean is very fruitfull and universally planted They have an observation there when it rises on a suddain instorms it continu's for 9 days or thereabout They blow in this Isle the greatest part of the year but chiefly about the Aequinoxes and particularly in Autumn when they are very boystrous having nothing to checque their rage between that and America and these they call the Michaelmas storms Beside what is said of this Island the same effects are known in Normandy and many parts of our British Coasts especially towards Cornwal and the Lands End but they render the Norman shoare inhabitable by reason of the sand they blow over it where are few or no Trees to be seen neer the Sea and those very shrubs When they take a point of the North they are worst but not long lasting The greatest VVinds which have been known of late years were either Westerly or from the Collaterall points between the West and North. One about the Death of Oliver Cromwell And another famous for demolishing so many houses and buildings which in diverse places it levell'd to the ground It did considerable Damage to most of the Colleges in Oxon blew down two and twenty Elms in the Grove of Trin. Coll. and severall of the strongest Fabricks in England Scap't not without some marks of it's violence For many of those houses which either by their strength or situation were able to resist it's furious assaults lost their roofs or had their chimnys and barns blown down But that which makes it still memorable in most parts of the Kingdome was the great numbers of Trees and sturdy Oaks that fell in this Tempest You might see the Spoiles of the Villages and woods all the Country round An event scarce to be paralleld in the former Age and which would require a large History to transmit all the particulars thereof to posterity The Westerly Winds are oftentimes thus Tempestuous in England and Flanders which receive their first efforts from the wide Seas where they bring terrible storms sometimes Snow and then in large Flakes but usually in the spring time rain especially the S. W. which are the most Humid and Pluvious because they travell by Sea many thousand miles and must needs wet their wings in so long a flight or'e the Western Ocean By some writers they are esteem'd Gelid and Moist but with us they are warmer then the East or North either because they consist of the tepid vapors and Air which are heated by the declining Sun or that being Sea-Winds they are therefore generally hotter in the Temperate Zones then those which blow off the Land Lastly the Northerly Winds in these parts of Europe are accounted Cold and Dry by reason they arrive from the Frigid climats of the North and consist for the most part of resolv'd snows and ice They cause a sude and serene sky dispersing the Clouds wherefore Boreas in Homer is styl'd 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Serenator Boreas yet in Africa they cause rain and are moyster then the South which according to the complexion of those Countrys has a greater degree of siccity and heat In some places of Holland Flanders where they gather the vapors from the German or Scotish Seas the N. Winds often bring with them Cloudy and wet weather And wee have known as great falls of rain here in England the VVind being at N. and N. E. but then it usually continued at S. or S. W. for some days before So I have supected that those vapors Clouds which were gather'd and blown over by the Southerly were afterward reduc'd back again by the Northerly VVinds. They render the Northern men vegete and healthfull to extreme old age by hindring the exilition of the spirits when as the Africans are old at 40 where the continuall heat opens the pores and suffers the vitall flame to transpire That which makes the Fortunate Islands truly so is the kind salute from the Northern VVinds after they have been somewhat heated in their progresse towards the South The gates of Citys in the opinion of the wisest Architects ought always to be directed towards the North and the situation of Tornay in Flanders is celebrated by Fromundus upon that account Hippocrates prescrib'd the N. Wind as the greatest Antidote against the plague in Greece and Varro is said to have preserv'd his whole family during the raging plague at Corcyra by stoping up the windows towards the South and giving free admission to the Northern Air. Yet one of the Ancient Phycitians gives a worse Character of the Northerly Winds That they cause acute pains and defluxions from the head to the Stomack Breed the Stone and stop the passages of the Ureters hinder the Transpiration of those peccant juyces which nature endeavours to throw off from the Blood and produce many more distempers which are reckon'd the effects of Siccity or cold They are searching and Astringent scarce to be endur'd by those who have infirme habits of body and yet agreable to healthfull and robust constitutions Sir Walter Raleigh in his voyage to Guiana takes notice that neer the Coast of Brasil they had one half of the yeare Northerly and in the other part Southerly VVinds And further towards the South in the Kingdomes of Magellana and Chili they have them the whole year round Southerly which raign most in the Tropique of Capricorn as the North Winds at Island and those Countrys which lye neere the North Pole especially in the VVinter so that the Hollanders which winter'd in Nova Zembla during the whole time had Northerly Winds Thus the Sun as he approaches either of the Tropiques subtiliseth the Air driving away the grosser Exhalations into the Frigid Zones where they are laid up in vast Magazines till winter but then the spaces being able to contain no more they Circulate again to the middle of the World For the Solar