Selected quad for the lemma: england_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
england_n	death_n	henry_n	king_n	10,176	5	4.2388	3	true

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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
B03712	Anglo-Judæus, or The history of the Jews, whilst here in England. Relating their manners, carriage, and usage, from their admission by William the Conqueror, to their banishment. Occasioned by a book, written to His Highness, the Lord Protector (with a declaration to the Commonwealth of England) for their re-admission, by Rabbi Menasses Ben Israel. To which is also subjoyned a particular answer, by W.H.	Hughes, William, of Gray's Inn. aut	1656 (1656)	Wing H3321; Thomason E.863[3]; Interim Tract Supplement Guide 482.b.3[8]; ESTC R12585	34,661	56

was Hugh was honorably buried in the Cathedral and he ever after accounted a Martyr About two years after hapned a thing in Teuxbury Hollinsh Mat. Paris which perhaps might as well be omitted as spoken of It chanced there that a Jew fell into a Jakes on Saturday which being their Sabboth he would not that day be drawn out for breaking of it The Earl of Glocester hearing this news forbids him to be taken out the next on Sunday for that neither he said should the Christian Sabboth be broken by him whereupon the poor man lying there till Munday miserably died Of this story I have read these verses rimed according to the Poetry of that age Christian Tende manus Solomon ut te de stercore tollam Jew Sabatta sancta colo de stercore surgere nolo Christian Sabatta nostra quidem Solomon celebrabis ibidem In the year 1262. and of this Henry the 3. the 47. Holinsh Stows survey a Jew little remembring into what a tickle condition their deserts had brought them wounds a Christian within Colechurch in the Ward of Cheap He is pursued home to his house by the multitude and there slain with whose life yet they would not be satisfied But going on in their fury they break up and pillage the houses of that Nation and kill divers so full were the Londoners of prejudice and spight against them that upon all occasions they could not bu● discover it But not onely against their persons do they rage The publike toleration of their Religion was also a great offence to them running therefore to their Synagogue at the west side of Olaves Jury where they for the most part lived they utterly destroy it The ground being afterwards by the King given away became the seat of Friers next of a Nobleman then of a Merchant and since that of the Windmil Tavern Sir Reb Cottor But now ere long the sparks of discontent and grudges betwixt the King Barons were quite blown up into a flame His lavishments and neglect in administration of Justice had subjected him to their plots and combinations and betwixt both parties sprung a more then civil War The Barons had gotten the hearts of the Citizens who easily drawn with the promises of freedom and reformation of abuses took their part but the Jews loving neither in reality clave to the King sufficiently knowing their own interest in this matter though at other times they could take no warning but by their abominable actions drew still upon themselves one plague at the heels of another But here they saw on whom they depended what it was that kept them here and what they might expect if the Barons should prove victorious Holinsh Ex Eulog Accordingly therefore in the year 1264. they that inhabite in London resolving to do what they may plot the destruction of Barons and Citizens altogether But nothing except desolation and misery attending them they are detected hereof almost all slain their houses ransack'd abundance of treasure being therein found scraped up together But within a while providence had decided the civil quarrel Holinsh giving the victory unto the King whereupon a Parliament was called and many turned out of their estates being proscribed by Law Divers of those disinherited Gentlemen being thus out-lawed and sore repining at their condition betake themselves to the Isle of Oxholm whither resorts a multitude of the baser sort who rob and rifle the places near adjoyning and act according to the custom of men carried by necessity and desperation Now Lincoln being not far distant is taken and sacked by them wherein not unmindeful of the publique enemy the Jews they run to their Synagogue which they burn together with their Law and many of them in it thinking it even sin if to their other robberies they should not add this of spoiling them who in that place had broken the bounds of all humanity and thereby deserved many deaths And now we come to the last passage we meet with during the long raign of this King Things seeming to be prettily settled yet clouds begin to gather again The Earl of Glocester is unsatisfied with affairs and the efore must up and make way for better fortune by his sword He comes up to London and gets possession of the City The Jews then their wives and children being sensible of the approaching of their ruine with the Popes Legat flock into the tower of which they have a part assigned them to defend But things being after a while composed they also for a while enjoy quietness and security Now began the English liberty from these incroachers to draw on amain for in the year 1272. King Edward the first had ascended the throne succeeding his father Their oppressions were now grown so in tollerable that longer they could not be endured the people of England being almost ready to quit their dwellings and leave them their habitations * Math. West Edv. rex ad Parlamentum Westmonasterii ●mnes Nobiles regni sui jusserat congregari in quo Statuta multa ad utilitatem regni fuerunt publicata inter quae Judaeis fuit interdicta effraenatalicentia usurandi Et ut poslent à Christianis discerni praecepit rex quod instar tabularum unius palmaelongitudinem sign a ferrent in exterinribus indumentis Therefore in the third of the King a Parliament is called and in it amongst other things their unreasonable usury is restrained by Law and for that they are accounted unworthy of any charitable thought they are ordered to wear plates in their clothes clear to be seen that every one might take notice who they were But that they cannot get one way they will have another the measure of their iniquities was not yet compleat and therefore they run on still to their own destruction Would any people under the cope of heaven having had so many warnings undergone so many troubles suffered such massacres yet go on as if to make amends and procure themselves safety was to heap guilt upon guilt and adde treachery to violence But in the year 1278. and the sixth of the King they wash Matth. Westm Paris clip and counterfeit his coyn as they had done before in the reign of Henry the second Being apprehended they likewise accuse the Christians as accessary At London nigh 300 are executed amongst whom there were three Christians many being also put to death in other places King Edward Holinshed according to the tenor of their hold here in England and their obnoxiousness to which their actions had reduced them counted all they had his own and for non-payment of what was demanded the whole generation scattered through the whole Land are shut up in one night where they enjoyed no day until they had fined at his pleasure The Commons now offered to the King the fifth part of their moveables to have them banished 〈◊〉 but this Prince having this opportunity his Predecessors wanted

their movables Hollinsh and away he goes What people in the world would not have laid these things to heart and striven by the amendment of their lives to have hindred succeeding plagues but wretched is that people which commits iniquity by a Law and whose very principles of Religion prompts them to horrid and unlawful actions They count it no sin but rather the contrary even to commit murder so they can but thereby scoff at and deride the Christian profession Some five years after the Kings going into France keeping his Christmass at Westminster seven Jews are brought before him by one Tolie Matth. Westm and grievously accused They had gotten a childe at Norwich and had circumcised him calling him Jeremiah 〈…〉 16. ●●at Paris kept him a year together intending to crucifie him at Easter when they should meet together for that purpose The thing was confessed by them and they thereupon cast into prison abiding there the Kings pleasure Now begun this Prince to be sore pinched with want Coming to the Crown so extream young Sir Rob. Cotton he wanted that experience which others might attain who having not so much of their will at first by discipline with years might gather experience His Minions cost him dear he flew to that height in lavishments that at last he was constrained to break up house and betake himself to the Monks to take his Commons This could not but turn to the Jews cost and disquiet He so orders the matter Baker that one Abraham found to be a delinquent redeems himself with 7000. marks and Aaron protests the King hath since his last being in France taken from him at times 30000. marks besides 200. of gold given to the Queen In the year 1239. they are grievously fined again paying the fifth part of all their movables They had committed a murder secretly and the King takes hence occasion to empty their purses imploying Geofrey Templar Mat. Paris one of his Minions in the Collection About this time also they are reported to have done over that at Norwich again which they did some 4. years before circumcising another childe whom they called Jurnin who is also destined by them to the Cross But the just God turned the mischief upon their own heads the childe being in time discovered whilest his father heard him crying in the Jews house William de Raele the Bishop with other of the Nobility being inraged for the fact apprehend all that live in the Town The Jews pretending the Kings protection the Bishop answers It belongs not to the King but to the Church to Judge this matter of Circumcision wherefore four of them being drawn at horses tails to the place of execution Krantzius lib. 7. Wandal receive their reward At Prague also they are said this year to have crucified a Christian And that which shewed their faithfulness sufficiently and procured them ha●red not in the least degree Holinsh Ex Eulog and Fox Acts and Monum was that in the year 1253. at Northampton they combined together and that for the destruction of that City which first harboured them preparing to set even the City of London on fir● This could not but enrage much yet having entred such courses as rendred them more then odious they are resolved to go on though to their own destruction But what they intended to do to the City they suffer themselves for many of them being taken in the same Town where they hatcht their design are themselves reduced to ashes in the time of Lent And this year also were they expelled out of France Matth. Westm by command of King Philip who then warred in their ancient Countrey Matth. Paris The Saracens there expostulating with him for his violence offered to themselves who never injured Christ upbraid him with the fostering them in his realm who were his murderers The cause was religion and he thought all things reflecting upon it were to be removed to stop therefore the Saracens mouths this people must quit their habitations King Henry was now about this time beyond the Seas Matth. Paris making a visit to his French Dominions and there wanting money sends over his brother Richard to procure it The Nobility for the most part plainly deny to help him with any but as for the Jews they are a sure refuge they are fleeced at all hands and they might thank their purses that here they lived Not long after returning home and having spent an incredible sum of money in his journey and thereby contracted a great debt being put off by his Barons he betakes himself again to his never failing treasury he squeezes the Jews again and yet having pressed out almost both blood and moisture turns them over unto his brother He pittying their condition little molests them but upon pawns supplies the King with a great sum of money But what shall we say to a people that is given up to a reprobate minde and commits iniquity with greediness whom neither fear of God of the Laws love unto mankinde nor the dictates of humanity can bridle and restrain whose blindness is such whose stubborness is so great that no experience can remedy no affliction can lessen They are not yet satisfied with Christian blood they will rather venture all then not vent their malice against Christian profession They have another annual Tragedy to act and Lincoln for this year must be the Stage There in that City in the year 1255. they get a child into their hands of eighteen years of age whom after many cruel whippings scourgings Matth. Paris Holinsh alii and tortures they again crucifie and murder In derision of Christ a Pilate is made before whom he is brought accused and condemned suffering their malice in the same manner as our Savior had done before they imitating as near as they can their ancestors in this their horrid and abominable act Being dead the childe is thrown into a well near the ho●s● wh●re this butchery was committed The poor woman missing her son and inquiring after him finds he was seen playing last before that door with the Jews children and hence upon suspition the well is searched and the body found The man of the house being apprehended and examined by John Lexinton upon promise of pardon confesses the murder acknowledges it to be their custom every year to crucifie a child but very secretly and therefore not easie to be discovered The King would not suffer the man to live but presently commands his execution when coming to die he accuses most of the Jews in England as accessory to the Fact it being their custom upon notice given most of them to meet upon such a wicked occasion In November an hundred two were carried up to the King being ●hen at Westminster thence were commanded to the Tower of these afterwards 18. were hanged the rest remain'd long time in prison The body of the child whose name

of their vying with one another makes his own markets takes most that is offered and so the Jews emptying their purses purchase their continuance a little longer But vengeance pressed them at their very heels they acting such an horrid murther this year beyond the seas as is scarce to be thought and if not theirs harder to be believed Doubtless the prejudice and antipathy betwixt the English Nation and them now was such as would not admit of any reconciliation and thereupon might divers inconveniences proceed but especially the disagreement of their Religion joyned with great perverseness of disposition plunged them into devillish and unheard of wickedness This year they were generally imprisoned here in England and as we may say as guilty in approbation at least of what their Countreymen practised in other parts who at Munchen in Bavere stabbed a childe throughout his whole body with needles Aventin Boiorum annal l. 7. p 442. taking his blood in a bason to use it as the suspition was then in sacrifice for stanching that issue of blood wherewith this people Christians know why is continually pestered These butchers were detected by the drover an old Hag taken in the very manner while she was stealing a second for the same purpose The bodie of the former being found out by her directions the fresh print of infinite wounds filled with gore imploring vengeance as it were with so many watered and blubbred eyes so enrage the multitude that they could not expect the Judges sentence but fall immediately upon these Jews notwithstanding the Princes servants and their chief Magistrates earnest endeavors to appease the tumult conveying as many Jews as they could into their Synagogue which the people burning with fury set on fire and with it burned 180. Jews But this by way of digression falling out in this year Now to return again to England The several Kings making their markets out of the Jews store-houses at all occasions the score was to be discharged at the subjects cost Not content to let them rob the Countrey by their unmerciful dealings they must also upon their wicked desires give them securitie against justice it self for a little gain It hapned that in the 15. year of this King 1288. he being then in Gascoin a certain Knight sued a Jew for the unjust detaining of a mortgaged Manor The Jew shifts off the business and for his discharge produces a protection King Henry had granted him that he should never be convented before any Magistrate but himself alone Thom V●a●ing Upon this the Knight goes over to the King desiring justice against his adversary avoiding the equity of Law by such an unreasonable priviledge The King answers it would not stand with reverence due to the memory of his Father to make void that he had granted in this matter but he would indulge him also this priviledge that so he might be even with his adversary that what injury he or any other Christian should offer to that man they should not be bound to appear before any but himself alone as long as the Jew should stand upon his Charter The Knight returns home with this answer and his honest adversary being acquainted with his success was glad to come to what accommodation Law would offer no longer insisting upon his former grant This peoples honesty in this particular is very conspicuous This man hath an intention to be wicked and must have a priviledge for it But counting of Christians worse then of Turks and Infidels because more directly opposing them in their way of superstition what they might get any way they counted it their own and honestly enough fear of punishment no conscience bridling their malice But such like throws of their dishonesty were but still signs of their ensuing death and of that delivery the Land was about to make of them it being radicated in the nature of things to unite their spirits and double their diligence against that which is shortly likely to work their ruine Their iniquity being now fully ripe their time is also already accomplished King Edward is returned out of Gascoign Thom Wa●sing in Edv. 1. and being honorably received of the Cle●gie and Nobilitie holds a Parliament at Westminster such as was likely to bring nothing but calamity to the Jews for whose expulsion so much had been before this time offered The people in Parli●ment are said to be resolved rather to undo themselves once then be always undoing their Religion safety of their Children and the Kingdom honor and profit which by the imbasing and clipping of its coyn had gone to wrack call upon them and a fifteenth is offered to the King to have them expelled Vide Holinsh in Edw. 1. It seems they did not now overbid for the fifteenth was acceped and an Act made August 31 1290. and the 18 of the King Matth. Westm that upon pain of hanging they their w●ves and children should before the Feast of All-Saints next ensuing depart the Land Some say Wa●singham Holinsh alii they had onely money given them to bear their charges over into France Others say that all goods not moveable with their Tallies and Obligations being confiscate all other moveables as gold and silver they were licensed to carry over The number of them when they departed was about 16511. many more then at their first coming an increasing misery to the Land where ere they come By vertue of this injunction Holinsh and in obedience to it they prepare for their removal Divers of the richest hi●e a great ship and therein having put much treasure are carried down the Thames towards the mouth of the River beyond Quinborough where the Master wickedly conspiring with the Mariners to rob them of their riches they are advised to go down out of the ship with him and walk upon the sands to take the air Having so done and it being now flowing water and the fands beginning to be covered the Master is drawn up by a cord on ship-board but they are then left exposed to be swallowed up of the waves Crying out for help they are inhumanely bid to call upon Moses for deliverance and perish miserably by the floods This greediness of gain in the Master and Mariners was justly rewarded he with others being arraigned and condemned by the Justices Itinerants and accordingly executed for so vile a fact though little pity was had for the generality of them that perished Sir Ed Cook being looked upon onely as pursued by the hand of divine justice Now gone they are and the English peoples disquiet with them and never since could they procure licence to return King Henry the third founded an house for those of them that should be converted in his 17 year Cambden Stows Survey which afterwards in the 50 of Edward the third was again dissolved and appointed to the keeping of the Rolls in which service it continues to this day King Edward the first

also cleansing his Territories of the Jews Matth. Westm as so many locusts had before commanded whilst beyond the seas that the parts of Aquitain should likewise be swept of them Thus I have proceeded as an Historian keeping close to that way according as I am informed by our Writers And hereupon I am not ignorant that some there are and that not without reason who may deny their assent to what is said concerning their expulsion being induced to believe the contrary by greater authority then this report The Oracle of Law in his time pronouncing no Statute to have been made for their banishment Judge Cook in the second part of his Institutes upon the Statute De Judaismo affirms there was none but onely that which was for the taking avvay their Usury upon vvhich they left the Land as he conceives being so deprived of their Trade or way of life I have not arrived at that height of arrogance as to oppose so great a man especially in his own way but yet shall tender something to consideration as I am warranted by History whereby I hope I shall escape the hazard of being thought to break the bounds of modesty being found onely in that way in which at first I set forward Our Historians all with joynt consent affirm them to have been actually banished or expelled many of whose words I shall first set down and then see onely what they might seem further to hint unto us Matthew of Westminster Vide Bale●●m descript Aug. and approved * Augusti 31. Judaeorum exasperans multitud● quae per diversas urbes castra fortia habitabat per retroacta tempora confidenter jussa est cum uxoribus parvulis suis unà cū bonis suis mobilibus cedere circa festum ●mnium Sanctorum quod eis pro termino ponebatur quem sub poena suspendii transgredi non est ausa●quorum numerus erat ut credebatur 16511. Exierat antea tale edictum à laud●bili rege Anglorum in partibus Aquitaniae à quà omnes judaei pariter exulabant Author in his Flores Historiarum at the 1290. year of our Lord hath these words Aug. 31. Judaeo●um exasperans multitudo c. On the third day of August the exasperating multitude of Jews which in times past had lived confidently in divers Cities and strong Towns is commanded with their wives children and moveables to depart England about the Feast of All-Saints which is set as the utmost limit of their continuance which under pain of hanging they durst not pass the number of whom was thought to be 16511. Such a Decree had gone out before from the commendable King of England in the parts of Aquitain out of which in like maner the Jevvs vvere banished So he Thomas Walsingham in his Hypodigma Neustriae writes thus Rex Angliaereversus de Wasconia c. * Rex Angliae reversus de Wasconia Londoniis solemniter reeipitur à clero omni plebe Qui Judaeos omnes eodem ann● expellens de Anglia datis expensis in Gallias bona corum reliqua confiscavit The King of England being returned out of Gascoign is solemnly received by the Clergy and all the people at London who the same year expelling all the Jews out of England giving them to bear their charges over into France confiscated the rest of their goods and Polydor. Virgil in his seventeenth Book at the 1290. year of Christ delivers the matter thus Anno deinde qui c. * An●● deinde qui insecutus est Concilium L●nd●ni ad ●estmonasterium ha●●●ur in qu● imprimis agita●a est Ju●ae●um ejectio quo●um erat per omnem Angliam ingers multitudo qu● s●● oves ab i oe●●is segregarentur Itaque publico edicto jussum est ut intra ●●●cos dies omne● abirent cum bonis illi jussis concilii parent●s ili● 〈◊〉 dis●esserunt Then in the year which followed a Council was held at Westminster in which first of all is debated the ejection of the Jews of which there was throughout England a great multitude that so the sheep might be separated from the goats Therefore it is commanded by a publique Edict that within a few days all should depart with their goods they obeying the command of the Council went divers ways thus far Polydor who use●h the word Concilium for that we call Parliament it with other words being as a great * Sir R. Cotton Antiquary observes an usual term in ancient Authors for that thing Polych●onicon lib. 7. cap. 38. saith the Jews were put out of England and never came again Stow in his Annals writes that this year all the Jews were banished this Land for which the Commons gave a fifteenth In like manner writes Holinshead expresly that they were banished by act of Parliament and that a Fifteenth was granted to the King to have them expelled that all their goods not moveable were confiscate with their Tallies and Obligations all their other moveables of gold and silver the King licensed them to convey with them that they could never since obtain a priviledge to return and with these concurreth Speed who tels us that the King to purge England whither he was now returned from such corruptions and oppressions as under which it gro●ned and not neglecting therein his particular gain banished the Jews out of the realm confiscating all their goods leaving them nothing but money to bear their charges * Florilegus Dunstable Others might be brought who testifie the same thing neither is there any Historian that I know who denies it Now strange it is that all these should be misacquainted and mistaken that those of the near adjoyning times to their departure should so grosly erre and that those who lived in the same time should deliver to posterity so great a falshood For if any had reported their departure to have been voluntary it might have been found out by some of those who succeeded and had their gatherings from them Matthew of Westminster sets down the day the Act should be made for their expulsion mentions the time set as the utmost bound of their continuance and withall the penalty or punishment they were to suffer even hanging if found hereafter and that the King had made such adecree before for banishing them the parts of Aquitaine a strange thing that he should so grosly erre in so many circumstances Walsingham writes that the King returned home that he was met by the Clergy and all the people and that this year they were expelled Polydor * Illi jussis concilii parentes alii aliò discesserunt saith it was by Parliament by its publike Edict and that they obeying its commands departed hinting unto us the end that so the sheep might be separated from the Goats Polychyronicon saith they were put out of Stow that they were banished out of England Holinshead and Speed use the same term this last adding also the Kings design which